Assessing the efficiency of DH - European...
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Eco labelling of heating systems Maria Blechingberg Euroheat & Power, Göteborg Energi
Transcript of Assessing the efficiency of DH - European...
Eco labelling of heating systems
Maria BlechingbergEuroheat & Power, Göteborg Energi
Task Force Ecolabelling
Assessing the efficiency of DH
Eco labelling of heating systems
• Comprehensive criteria • PEF – very important, includes LCA
• Visibility /awareness• Credibility /documentation• Transparency / comparability• Benchmarking / Incentives
Eco labelling - requirements
• Comprehensive / individual approach• 1/3 of market of one technology or 1/3 of all options ?• Yes / No-decision or gradual evaluation or combination of the two ?• Coherence with other policies / measures
PEF & Electricity
• Why PEF electricity 2,5 or higher?• Efficiency 40% � 2,5• Include LCA energy use fuel extraction etc. � even higher
• Electricity grid in Europe connected• Equal view on PEF electricity all over Europe
Allocation Heat Electricity
• Alternative generation method suggested• CEN proposes Primary Energy method • EHP – which method to be used decide within further project work
District heating -
• Local perspective• Local solutions
PE
F S
wed
ish D
istrictH
eating
2003PEF Swedish District Heating 2003 (CHP not included)
0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1 1,2 1,4 1,6 1,8
U p p la n d s - V ä s b yS a le m
S o lle n t u n aS u n d b y b e r gN y n ä s h a m n
U p p s a laN y k ö p in g
E s k ils t u n aV a ld e m a r s v ik
V a g g e r y dV ä r n a m o
E k s jöV ä x jö
K a lm a rV im m e r b y
Ö r k e llju n g aK lip p a n
Y s t a d
P a r t illeL illa E d e t
T ib r oU d d e v a llaL id k ö p in g
Å r jä n gS ä f f le
Ö r e b r oL in d e s b e r g
H a lls t a h a m m a rA r b o g a
M o r aH e d e m o r aO v a n å k e r
S ö d e r h a m nT im r å
S o lle f t e åK r o k o m
V ilh e lm in aS k e le f t e åS k e le f t e å
P a ja laP it e å
Primary Energy Factor over time in DH (Sweden)
0,000
0,200
0,400
0,600
0,800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Electricity – North European perspective
Variable Cost of ProductionÖre/kWh
.
0
10
20
30
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400Electricity production, TWh/år Electricity use
Nuclear
Condenspowercoal
WindCHP
(industry)Water (normal)
CHPDistrict heating
Idea of District Heating
Using resources that otherwise would be lost
Primary Energy Factor - Idea
PE
Source in House, electror district heating
PEF
Boundary
Primary Energy Factor
Electricity
CoalOilGas
CHP (fossil)
Biomass, waste heat, geothermal, solar
Primärenergifaktorer för olika energislag
Fuel Primary Energy Factor
Primary resource
FactorLignite Coal 1.30 1.30Hard Coal 1.20 1.20Oil 1.10 1.10Natural Gas 1.10 1.10Excess heat from industrialprocesses
1.05 0.05
Regenerative Energies (e.g.Wood)
1.10 0.10
Waste as Fuel, Landfill Gas 1.00 0.00Electrical Power, EuropeanAverage
2.80 2.60
Primärenergifaktorer för olika energislag enligt CEN Draft standard TC 228 WI 00228 027 Heating systems in buildings — Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies
An intelligent infrastructure
Buildings Directive
General framework / method for calculating the energy efficiency of buildings, certification
Minimum standards for new buildings and existing buildings > 1 000 m2
Special attention to RES, CHP, DHC and heat pumps
� Comitology / extensive CEN-Mandate
Energy Services Directive
Cumulative savings target 1% / 1,5% annuallyDevelopment of a market for energy servicesEnergy efficiency programmesCustomer information (metering, tarification)District heating and cooling as energy services
� Calculation method?
CEN TC 228 Heating systems in buildings
Part 2.2.5. “The performance of quality district heating and large volume systems”
25%
20%
13%
9%
10%
13%
4%5% 1%
RenovaavfallsförbränningShell raffinaderi
Preem raffinaderi
Avloppsvärme
Naturgas, kraftvärme
Biobränsle
El till värmepumpar
Naturgas, hetvatten
Olja
Goal of District heating
Heating otherwise lost
Göteborg Energi
24%
6%
2%
30%
11%
7%
2%
18%
Waste incineration
Industrial waste heat
Natural Gas CHP
Rya heat pumps waste heat
Rya heat pumps electricity
Biofuel
Natural Gas
Oil
Waste heat
CO2-concentration 350 ppm, with capture
Supply
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 2070 2080 2090 2100
EJ/yr
nuclear
coal
oil
solar H2
bio fuels
solar electr.
wind gas
solar heat
hydro
coal w capt.
gas w capt.
bio w capt.
Azar et al, 2004, submitted
District Heating
Saving primary energy in Europe
Using resources that otherwise would be lost
