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Assessing Methods of Instruction of Solar System Concepts Michael C. LoPresto 2009 HOU Annual...
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Assessing Methods of Instruction of Solar System Concepts
Michael C. LoPresto
2009 HOU Annual Conference Yerkes Observatory
Verifying the Principles of How People Learn
and How Students Learn-Science though Assessments of Lecture Tutorials
on Solar System Concepts& Astronomical Misconceptions
How People Learn
National Academies
Learning Environments
1-Learner-Centered2-Knowledge-Centered3-Assessment-Centered4-Community-Centered
How Students LearnScience in the Classroom
National Academy of Science
Good Science Instruction1-Deal with Preconceptions;
diagnostic assessment
2-Active & Collaborative; Inquiry based
3-Reflection; Formative Assessments
Part 1:Lecture Tutorialsby Edward E. Prather, Tim P. Slater, Jeff Adams, Gina Brissenden, and the Conceptual Astronomy and Physics Education Research
(CAPER) team a) elicit student misconceptions b) confront incomplete, or inaccurate ideas, c) resolve these contradictions, d) demonstrate to students the power of their
conceptual models.
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Lecture-Tutorials “How-To”
Lecture for approximately 20 minutes on the core required background knowledge
Ask conceptually challenging, multiple-choice questions
Have students work in pairs-LTs take, on average, five minutes per page-Call Time!
Debrief; Give students a few minutes to ask questions; Ask them a series of questions
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http://astronomy101.jpl.nasa.gov/index.cfm
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Testing the Pedagogy
Star Properties Concept Inventory (SPCI)-by Janelle Bailey
Assessments;diagnosticformative-”clickers”summative
11-Tutorials from LTIA-(Prather et. Al)vs.
Lectures
Pre;[N=89]=27%Post;Lec. [N=47]-57%; g=0.4Tut. [N=41]-63%; g=0.5
(without clickers-g~0.3) -formative assessment!
Students Scoring 0-23
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Solar System Topics
Size & Scale-Solar System WalkPlanet Types-Comparative PlanetologyFormationExtra Solar PlanetsDebrisTerrestrial PlanetsJovian Planets
Turning a Lecture into a Tutorial
Write out Lecture
Write out main points you want to teach
Turn into sequence of questions
Test with students
Formation of Solar System Planets form from the leftovers of star formation Distance from the sun controls temperature Temperature controls what materials condense Inside rock-metal condensation line-no planet Beyond r/m line; inside frost line-rock/metal only Beyond f-line, ices form on rock-metal cores Inside f-line; higher temperatures, gases move moving too fast to
capture-Terrestrial Planets. Beyond the f-lin; lower temperatures, gases move slowly, captured by
larger objects-Jovian Planets. Jovian planets more-evolved The different temperatures at different distances from the sun is the
most important factor Not all materials become part of a planet or planetary-system;
asteroids, comets,meteors.
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Tutorial
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AssessmentQuestions
Summative Assessment Results
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Solar System Formation
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Formation-Normalized Gains
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Surface Conditions of Terrestrial Planets
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Summative Assessments
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Part 2:Visual Assessments & Tutorials
Comets & Extra Solar Planets
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Comets
Diagnostic Assessment
Make sure that your drawing clearly shows any differences between the size of the coma and length of the tail and the direction
the tail is pointing.
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[N=93]
46% common
misconception
23%-tail direction13%-tail size4%-coma size
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Tutorial vs. Lecture
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Formative Assessment
Percent Correct
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% correct
pretestpost-lec.
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Normalized Gains-g
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N=93 N=40 N=47 pretest Lec.-post Tut. -post g-lec. g-tut. 1 Coma size 4% 18% 46% 0.15 0.46 2 Tail size 13% 33% 70% 0.33 0.66 3 Tail dir. 23% 65% 76% 0.55 0.69 Misc. 46% 20% 6%
Questions fromSolar System Survey
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Pre [N=100]-14%46% chose ‘b’Post; lec [N=46]-48%, g=0.40
tut [N=38]-55%, g=0.48Chose ‘b’ lec.-26%; tut.-18%
Pre [N=100]-35%
Post; lec [N=46]-46%, g=0.17tut [N=38]-63%, g=0.43
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Summative Assessment
Lecture, N=46 scores dropped to;9%, 30% and 59%
Misconceptions dropped to 15%
Tutorial, N=38-scores rose to;61%, 84% and 89 %
Misconceptions dropped to3%One respondent!
Extra Solar Planets
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Tutorial
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Lecture- exoplanets.org
Percent Correct
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Assessment
Percentage
lecture
tutorial
Mostly on“front”Even on“back”
Conclusions
Students did better with;Tutorials, Formative Assessments
Learner,Knowledge, Community & Assessment Centered; Active
HPL; HSL-Science -WORK!
What’s Next?
All HPL vs. None? Tutorials & Formative assessments
(with clickers) vs. Lectures Alone
Study on Misconceptions using HPL principles