Assembly Line Organization

Worker 1 = Head Worker 2 = HairWorker 3 = Eyes/ EyebrowsWorker 4 = Nose and MouthWorker 5 = Ears Worker 6 = Neck/ShirtWorker 7 = Arms and HandsWorker 8 = Pants/ ShoesWorker 9 = Pocket/Pattern on ShirtWorker 10 = Pattern on Pants/ Belt

Assembly Line Organization

Worker 1 = Head Worker 2 = HairWorker 3 = Eyes/ EyebrowsWorker 4 = Nose and MouthWorker 5 = Ears Worker 6 = Neck/ShirtWorker 7 = Arms and HandsWorker 8 = Pants/ ShoesWorker 9 = Pocket/Pattern on ShirtWorker 10 = Pattern on Pants/ Belt

Period 01

Assembly Line Organization

Worker 1 = Head Worker 2 = HairWorker 3 = Eyes/ EyebrowsWorker 4 = Nose and MouthWorker 5 = Ears Worker 6 = Neck/ShirtWorker 7 = Arms and HandsWorker 8 = Pants/ ShoesWorker 9 = Pocket/Pattern on ShirtWorker 10 = Pattern on Pants/ Belt

Period 02

Assembly Line Organization

Worker 1 = Head Worker 2 = HairWorker 3 = Eyes/ EyebrowsWorker 4 = Nose and MouthWorker 5 = Ears Worker 6 = Neck/ShirtWorker 7 = Arms and HandsWorker 8 = Pants/ ShoesWorker 9 = Pocket/Pattern on ShirtWorker 10 = Pattern on Pants/ Belt

Period 03

C 21: The Industrial Revolution

Why Great Britain?

• Political stability: Free from political instability/ wars • Exploration and colonialism: Colonies provided raw materials

and markets• Government support: laws favored trade/ government

sponsored turning to coal to replace depleted forest supply (charcoal)

• Growth of private investment• Enclosure Movement = large labor supply• Seapower: to access colonies• Navigable rivers• Great period of invention!

Factors for Success (Page 634)

Why Great Britain?

Factors of production: land, labor and capital

Great Period of InventionFlying Shuttle (John Kay 1733)Spinning Jenny (1764)Steam Engine (James Watt 1765)Water driven Power looms (1785)Oil Refining methods (1780s)Interchangeable parts (Eli Whitney 1794)First steam powered locomotive (George Stephenson 1815)Bessemer Process (Steel) (1856)

Increased width of cloth one person could weave

Steam increased speed and efficiency (100x more thread)

Horsepower

Flying shuttle

Spinning Jenny

The Power Loom

What impact did the development of the steam engine have on the growth of industry in Great Britain?

major impact; used in textile mills, factories could be located away from rivers, powered locomotives and ships, led to development of coal as a resource, more factories built near northern coal mines

British Pig IronProduction:smelted iron orewith high carbon

Industrialization soon spread to western Europe and the United States. Other regions did not industrialize in the 1800s. What was it about Western countries that encouraged them to embrace industry?

• Political liberty

• Freedom to compete

• Rewards reaped

• Exploitation and improvements

Why Western Countries?

• British restrictions

• Samuel Slater–Slater’s Mill

• Lowell’s Mill

America

• Belgium, 1807

• France, 1815• Japan, 1868• Germany, 1850

– Railroads – Treaties

Europe/ Japan

Industrialization Spreads

• Old mercantile system restricted trade

• Laissez-faire economics• Adam Smith, market

economy• Thomas Malthus, poverty

unavoidable• Industrialization succeeded

and spread

Capitalism and Competition

• Shift in wealth and power• Entrepreneur• Banking and finance• Andrew Carnegie, rags to

riches• Robber barons

New Roles for Business Leaders

New Ideas about Economics

× Population growth willoutpace the food supply.

× War, disease, or faminecould control population.

× The poor should have less children.

× Food supply will then keep up with population.

RESPONSES TO INDUSTRIALIZATION:Thomas Malthus: Essay on the Principle of Population 1798

Industrial Housing TODAY:Newcastle, England

Not everyone agreed that laissez-faire capitalism was good. Two who took a different stance were

Robert Owen and Karl Marx.

• More hopeful than Malthus

• Socialism – Society owns property– Society controls business

• Model industrial town• New Harmony (UTOPIAN

SOCIETY)• Social democracy

Robert Owen • More radical socialism• Predicted collapse of

capitalism• Das Kapital • Communism • Government

– owns means of production

– controls economic planning

Karl Marx

Competing Economic Views

PURE SOCIALISM: You have two cows. The government takes them and puts them in a barn with everyone else's cows. You have to take care of all of the cows. The government gives you as much milk as you need.

PURE COMMUNISM: You have two cows. Your neighbors help you take care of them, and you all share the milk.

CAPITALISM: You have two cows. You take care of themand sell the milk for a profit.

The Luddites

The rise of new economic ideas was among the countless effects of the Industrial Revolution. The shift away from cottage industries also affected home life and the roles of women in society.

• Worlds of work and home separated

• “Separate spheres”• Business world-

without moral controls

• Women-moral guidance at home

Home Life • Industry-great power

• Control of other nations’ economies

• Industrialization of United States

• Period of immigration to United States

Countries

• Increase in wealth• Standard of living

improved• Leisure time• Changes to many

aspects of life:– Art– Politics – Transportation

Societies

Effects on Society

C 21 Sec 2/ assembly line simulationWhat were some of the positive effects of the Industrial Revolution for the factory owner and for the factory worker? Make sure you identify 3 effects for each group and explain each effect in detail. What were some of the negative effects of the Industrial Revolution for the factory owner and for the factory worker? Make sure you identify 3 effects for each group and explain each effect in detail. C 21 Sec 3:Describe the difference between the old mercantile system and the capitalist system. What role does the government have in each? Describe socialism and communism. What were the objections of each to the capitalist system that developed from the industrial revolution?