ASPERA & ApPEC: European Astroparticle Physics Coordination Antonio Ferrer Coordinador español del...
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Transcript of ASPERA & ApPEC: European Astroparticle Physics Coordination Antonio Ferrer Coordinador español del...
ASPERA & ApPEC:
European Astroparticle Physics
Coordination
Antonio FerrerCoordinador español del Eranet ASPERA
IFIC-Universitat de València & CSIC IMFP2010
La Palma 5 February 2010
Astroparticle Physics for Europe
AStroparticle Physics European Coordination ERAnet
ASPERAASPERAAAsstroparticle troparticle
PhysicsPhysics
European European
ERANET(FP6/FP7)ERANET(FP6/FP7)
Establishing a sustainable European coordination in an interdisciplinary domain
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A bit of history… 100 years ago:Discovery of cosmic rays(Victor Hess, Nobel in 1936)
Cosmic rays laboratory (pic du midi, 2876 m) after WWII
A new state of matter (pion, )
m = 280
me
m = 210
me
e
Positron, 1932C.D. Anderson
Antiproton, 1955O. Chamberlain, E. Segrè et al
Antideuteron, 1965L. Lederman, S. Ting et al
Anti-atoms, 2002ATHENA, ATRAP @ CERN
Antimatter
Astroparticle Physics for Europe
Astroparticle physics
1.What is the Universe made of ?2.Do protons have a finite life time ?3.What are the properties of neutrinos ? What is
their role in cosmic evolution ?4.What do neutrinos tell us about the interior of
Sun and Earth, and about Supernova explosions ?5.What is the origin of cosmic rays ? What is the
view of the sky at extreme energies ?6.What is the nature of gravity ? Can we detect
gravitational waves ? What will they tell us about violent cosmic processes ?
*”Science is the art of replacing unimportant questions that can be answered by important ones which cannot” Edward B. Ferguson Jr. 1976.
Instalaciones de laFísica de Astroparticulas
1.Los Satélites en el espacio.2.Los Telescopios de partículas
(terrestres, submarinos, bajo el hielo polar).
3.Los Laboratorios subterráneos.
Astroparticle Physics for Europe
What is ApPEC?
ApPEC created in 2001 by the national funding agencies of France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and UK. Since then Spain, Belgium, Portugal, Greece, Switzerland and
Poland have joined ApPEC aims to
Promote and facilitate co-operation within the European Particle Astrophysics (PA) community
Develop and promulgate long term strategies for European PA, offering advice to national funding agencies and EU
Assist in improving links and co-ordination between European PA and the scientific programmes of organisations such as CERN, ESA, and ESO
Express their collective views on PA in appropriate international forums, such as OECD, UNESCO etc.
Astroparticle Physics for Europe
Operation
ApPEC operates: Strategically through its Steering Committee, Operationally through its Scientific Advisory Committee
Steering Committee (SC): France: M.Spiro, P.Chomaz, S.Katsanevas Germany: T.
Berghöfer, R.Köpke, H. Bluemer, Netherlands: F. Linde, UK: D. Miller, J. Seed , Italy: R. Petronzio B. Dettore, Spain: J. Fuster, A.Ferrer, Switzerland: M. Bourquin, Belgium: D. Bertrand, C. DeClerq, Portugal G. Barreira Greece: D. Nanopoulos Poland S. Pokorski , Romania NV. Zamfir, CERN: S. Bertolucci
Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC) Elena Aprile, Laura Baudis, Jose Bernabeu, Pierre
Binetruy,Christian Spiering, Franz v. Feilitzsch, Enrique Fernandez,Andrea Giuliani, Werner Hofmann, Uli Katz, Paul Kooijman, Paolo Lipari, Manel Martinez, Antonio Masiero,Benoit Mours, Francesco Ronga, Sheila Rowan, Andre Rubbia, Subir Sarkar, Guenther Sigl, Gerard Smadja, Nigel Smith, Lucia Votano
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Astroparticle Physics for Europe
ASPERA-I FP6 ERANET (July2006-July2009, 2.5 M€)
Study APP personnel and funding in Europe
2500 researchers and 70 M€/yearPriority Roadmap for Infrastructures
and R&DLinking of existing infrastructures
Underground laboratoriesIssue a common call for R&D/Design studies
2nd April 2009Common outreach, databases, portal, …
What is ASPERA ?
16 countries + CERN
‘per aspera ad astra’
www.aspera-eu.org
ASPERA-II FP7 ERANET (July 2009-July2012, 2.5 M€)Goals:
Accompany the realization of the roadmap Strengthen joint programmingMove to a sustainable coordination
Coordinate with other continentsKnowledge transfer : industry/neighboring fieldsInclude the remaining European countries
Astroparticle Physics for Europe
Study of funding mechanisms I
2 methods: Questionnaires (statics), National days (dynamics)
National days: an ASPERA succes story:Organisation of 11 « national days »Comparison of funding systems. Bi-monthly contacts of science managers
Diversity in European funding schemes:Operators of research vs funding agencies. Universities. Large laboratories. Regions. Private foundations. Funding of large infrastructures. Funding of interdiciplinarity. Knowledge transfer and outreach
Astroparticle Physics for Europe
Study of funding mechanisms II
Investment 70 M€/yeara 2300 FTE
Overall budget 186 M€/year
Astroparticle Physics for Europe
Does Europe needs an astroparticle
equivalent of CERN-ESO?
CERNA representative of the ApPEC SC attends in the European Strategy
sessions of the CERN Council.A representative of the ApPEC SAC is a member of the scientific
secretariat for the European Strategy sessions of the CERN Council. The “Working Group on the scientific and geographical enlargement
of CERN” includes by right an ApPEC representativeCERN asks ApPEC when Astroparticle Physics experiments ask the
“recognised experiment” status from CERN. Discussions for an autonomous European entity in relationship with
CERN and ESO , located et CERN to start with ?
Astroparticle Physics for Europe
THE SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM(THE MAGNIFICENT
SEVEN)
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Astroparticle Physics for Europe
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The European roadmap priorities (magnificent seven)
KM3NET
CTAAUGER -N
Einstein telescope
1 ton dark matter
1 ton neutrino massMegaton proton decay
Astroparticle Physics for Europe
High Energy Universe infrastructures
European context (ASPERA,ASTRONET, ESFRI)I. Neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean
(KM3Net)II. High Energy Gamma Ray Cherenkov Telescope
Array (CTA)
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International context (US Decadal Survey, GWIC)III. Beyond the Auger South Observatory (Auger-
North)IV. Einstein Telescope for gravitational wave
detection (ET)
Astroparticle Physics for Europe
Astroparticle Physics for Europe
Underground Science large infrastructures
European context V. Large dark matter detectors VI. Large Neutrino mass detectors
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International context VII. Very large Proton decay and neutrino (astro)physics detectors
In order to study rare processes on needs to go underground
The sun in
Astroparticle Physics for Europe
By 2012 start the construction of :KM3net and CTA (200 M€ scale)Also in ASTRONET and ESFRI roadmaps
2012 milestone for technology decision of: One ton dark matter and neutrino mass detectors (50-100 M€ scale)
Discuss with international partners the realisation of
Auger North in US (50-100 M€, 2012?)Megaton detector for proton decay and neutrino astrophysics (500 M€, >2015)Einstein Telescope, 3rd generation gravitational wave antenna (300 M€, after first results of adv VIRGO and advLIGO by 2015)
Budget 50% increase over available European budget for astroparticle (700 M€/10 years)
Share wth other continentsRegional funding? (e.g. KM3Net)Links to CERN and ESO
Timeline and budget
Astroparticle Physics for Europe
THE FIRST ASPERA COMMON CALL
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Astroparticle Physics for Europe
1. CTA: 4 spanish groups IFAE, IEEC,UB,UCM /22 total
2. Dark Matter R&D:DARWIN (Criogenic calorimeter) UZ/12 totalEURECA (Nobel liquids WIMPs) 11 totalCYGNUS (directional WIMPs) UZ/6 total
A total of 4 M€ funded.
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Astroparticle Physics for Europe
THE NEXT ASPERA COMMON CALL
Astroparticle Physics for Europe
Proposal:
1. Cosmic Rays (AUGER)2. Neutrino Detectors (in cooperation with CERN)
September 2010
Astroparticle Physics for Europe
Strengthening spanish coordination
The 4 spanish Networks:1. Particle Physics2. Accelerators3. LHC4. RENATA include Neutrinos, Dark energy
Astroparticle Physics for Europe
Towards global coordination
VIRGO
LIGO
GEO 600
H1H2
LIGO
An inspiring example: World network of gravitational wave antennas:
Sensitivity increase
Source direction determination
Polarizations measurement
Global coordination can be of 2 types:
1.Network e.g. GW antennas
1.A global infrastructure e.g. AUGER Observatory in Argentina
OECD Global Science Forum study on Astroparticle Phyiscs in progress. would give its results by 2010.
TAMA 300
Astroparticle Physics for Europe
Synergies with geosciences and environment
Astroparticle physics networks exhibit a natural synergy with climate and risk monitoring studies or geoscience observation networks.
Since:The atmosphere, the ocean and earth are both the target and detecting mediumNeeds to deploy large variable geometry networks of autonomous “smart” sensors in sometimes hostile environments
Compare e.g. the AUGER array of 1600 measuring stations covering 3000 km2 in the Argentinian pampa or ocean floor observatories ANTARES (KM3net) with ocean floor or seismic network: EMSO, EPOS and US/Japan geoscience networks: EARTHSCOPE
Astroparticle Physics for Europe
Joining the two infinities (infinitively small with initively large)
Astroparticle Physics for Europe
Conclusions, future actions
• European Astroparticle Physics after a long but fruitful process of coordination has prepared a phased priority roadmap that enjoys large acceptance by the agencies and the community.
• Furthermore the discussion has started in Europe for the drafting of a more sustainable coordinating structure that would manage the realisation of the above program. Its eventual relationships to the existing pan European structures (CERN, ESO) are examined.
• Complementarities and budget demand the generalisation of this process of coordination to other regions. This process that has started in the context of the OECD Global Science Forum (1st meeting in Paris 12-13 February 2009) and could continue in other bodies (e.g. FALC).– OECD GSF phase 1 (2009) perimeter, statistics and census of the field– OECD GSF phase 2 (2010) priority coordination ?
• (in synchronism with US decadal survey)
Astroparticle Physics for Europe
4км from the shore
1366 м depth
Shore Station
Astroparticle Physics for EuropeLocation: - Northern hemisphere – GC (~18h/day) and Galactic Plane survey
- Flat 1350 m depth Lake bed (>3 km from the shore) – allows ~ 30 km3 Instr. Volume!
Strong ice cover during ~2 months:- Telescope installation, maintenance, upgrade and rearrangement
- Installation & test of a new equipment
- All connections are done on dry
- Fast shore cable installation (3-4 days)
Water optical properties:- Absorption length – 22-24 m
- Scattering length – 30-50 m
- Moderately low background in fresh water
Water properties allow detection of all flavor neutrinos with high direction-energy resolution!
Site properties
ice slot
cable
tractor with ice cutter
cable layer
Shore cable deployment
Astroparticles (+ neutrinos)in Spain1. LSC CANFRANC & CAST UZ
2. MAGIC IFAE - UAB - UCM3. ANTARES IFIC4. AMS CIEMAT5. AUGER USC-UCM-UAH-UGR6. K2K IFAE+IFIC7. NEXT IFAE,IFIC 8. CHOOZ CIEMAT9. DES CIEMAT, IFAE,10. VIRGO/LIGO UIB
Underground laboratories
4 large laboratories (largest Gran Sasso) + 3 smaller ones. Large effort of coordination towards sharing of management.
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