Asian Family Services - New Zealand Asian Wellbeing ...
Transcript of Asian Family Services - New Zealand Asian Wellbeing ...
New Zealand Asian Wellbeing & Mental Health Report 2021
- A snapshot survey
June 2021
Confidential - Do not duplicate or distribute in any form of communication without written permission from
Asian Family Services & Trace Research Ltd
Copyright © 2011- 2021 Trace Research Ltd. All Rights Reserved.
Dr Andrew Zhu | Director of Trace Research
86.5% of Asians are
satisfied with their life in
New Zealand (mean score 7.5 out of 10)
Sample Size = 663 Asians in New Zealand ( +/-3.8%)Copyright © 2021 AFS & Trace Research Ltd. All rights reserved.
New Zealand Asian
Wellbeing & Mental Health
Survey
2021
The stigma towards people
with mental illnesses in New
Zealand is a major cause for
concern - 98.7% of Asians
believe the public hold
negative stereotypes against
people with mental illnesses
Top 5 Expressions of Public Stigma
Surrounding Mental IllnessesTop 5 Concerns due to COVID-19
50.2%
43.6%
40.3%
38.9%
38.8%
Cannot return to home
country for reunion
Recession
Racial discrimination
Health system being
overloaded
Increased mental
stress
49.0%
48.3%
48.3%
43.5%
42.5%
42.2%
Lack of awareness of
mental disorders
Limited knowledge of
available services
Lack of language support
or cultural support when…
Privacy
Limited knowledge about
mental health services…
The stigma associated
with mental disorders
Top 6 Help Seeking Barriers
84.8% of Asians felt the
things they do in their life
are worthwhile(mean score 7.5 out of 10)
Ranking of Life Satisfaction by
Ethnicity (population distribution >3%)
8.0Filipino
Chinese
Indian 7.9
Korean 7.8
7.1
AverageAll Asians
7.5/10
44.4%
of Asians showed
symptoms of depression,
especially amongst
younger Asians, 61.3%(self-reported results according to Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale)
43.6%
40.7%
40.6%
37.8%
36.8%
Being withdrawn,
isolated, lonely
High risk of suicide
and self-harm
tendencies
Being insecure/
lacking confidence
Being not
normal/unusual
Being vulnerable/weak
47.9%
of Asians cannot access
language and/or cultural
support regularly when they
use health services in New
Zealand
49.2%
39.7%
39.5%
35.7%
32.5%
24.7%
8.7%
Cultural and social support
Free interpreting services
Culturally appropriate clinical
services
Culturally appropriate
psychological intervention…
Translated health resources
Ongoing updates on health-
related articles via ethnic…
None
Needs for Language & Cultural Support
Key Findings
Asian Wellbeing
Overall, Asians tend to be satisfied with their life in New Zealand as a whole (86.5%);
Across different ethnicities, Filipinos report the highest level of life satisfaction whilst Chinese report the lowest level of life satisfaction (although still reaching 80.2%);
Males are slightly more satisfied with their life in NZ as a whole, compared to Females. And those who are older (50+ years) are more satisfied than those who are younger (under 50 years of age);
Across regions, Asians living in Christchurch have the highest level of life satisfaction in New Zealand (92.3%). The lowest level of life satisfaction lies with the Rest of the North Island (73.0%);
84.8% of Asians feel the things they do in their life are worthwhile in New Zealand;
Filipinos report the highest level of life worthwhileness in New Zealand (91.1%), and the lowest is reported by Koreans (although levels still reach 79.9%);
Females report slightly higher levels of life worthwhileness in New Zealand compared to Males;
Across age, those 65+ report the highest level of life worthwhileness (96.1%). In contrast, those under 30 years report the lowest level of life worthwhileness;
Across the different regions, those living in Christchurch report the highest level of life worthwhileness (92.4%), closely following by those living in Wellington (90.4%);
In terms of the Total Asian Wellbeing Index, those who score higher than total levels tend to be Indian, Filipino, 65+ years, and those living in Wellington and Christchurch. In contrast, those who score
lower than total levels tend to be Chinese, under 30 years, and those living in Hamilton and the Rest of the North Island;
Asian Mental Health
The top 3 symptoms of depression experienced by Asians ‘all of the time’ were feeling lonely (11.5%), feeling everything that they did was an effort (11.0%), and that their sleep was restless
(8.8%), however levels all sit relatively low;
In total, 44.4% of Asians are at risk of depression, Koreans are the most likely group to be at risk of depression, followed by Indians and Filipinos;
Females are only slightly more at risk of depression compared to Males;
Across age, those who are younger (under 30 years) have the highest risk of depression (61.3%) whilst those who are older (65+ years) have the lowest risk of depression (23.4%);
Across region, those living in Christchurch have the highest risk of depression (59.0%) followed by those living in Hamilton (57.0%), and the Rest of the North Island (50.7%);
On average, Asians tend to worry about 4-5 issues as a result of Covid-19. The top 5 worries are (1) not being able to return to their home country for a reunion, (2) a recession, (3) racial
discrimination, (4) the health system being overloaded, and (5) increased mental stress;
On average, Chinese, those aged 65+, and those living in Hamilton worry the most as a result of Covid-19, and Females worry more than Males.
3
Executive Summary
4
Executive Summary
Key Findings
Asian Mental Health Stigma
98.7% of Asians believe the public hold negative stereotypes against people with mental illnesses. On average, there are 4-5 expressions of public stigma surrounding mental illnesses. The top
5 are (1) being withdrawn, isolated, lonely, (2) high risk of suicide and self-harm tendencies, (3) being insecure/lacking confidence, (4) being not normal/unusual, and (5) being
vulnerable/weak;
Across ethnicity, on average, Indians have the highest expressions of public stigma surrounding mental illness, in particular, they are more likely to report expressions of public stigma around being
insecure/lacking confidence, being not normal/unusual, and being hopeless/useless;
Across gender, on average, Females have slightly more expressions of public stigma surrounding mental illnesses compared to Males. In particular, Females are more likely to report expressions of
public stigma around high risk of suicide and self-harm tendencies, being hopeless/useless, being less worthy than normal people, and from a dysfunctional family;
Across age, on average, those aged 65+ express the most public stigma surrounding mental illnesses;
Across region, on average, those living in Wellington and the Rest of the South Island express the most public stigma surrounding mental illnesses;
Asian Mental Health Support
On average, Asians perceive 4-5 barriers for seeking mental health support in the Asian community. The top 5 are (1) lack of awareness of mental disorders, (2) limited knowledge of available
services, (3) lack of language support or cultural support when accessing mental health services, (4) privacy, and (5) limited knowledge about mental health services and its effectiveness,
Across ethnicity, on average, Chinese perceive the most barriers for seeking mental health support in the Asian community;
Overall, 47.9% of Asians have difficulty accessing language and/or cultural support regularly when using health services in New Zealand (i.e., ability to access support is sometimes - never).
Filipinos have the most difficulty, followed by Chinese, then Korean;
Females experience more difficulty accessing language and/or cultural support regularly than Males;
On average, 2-3 language and/or cultural support areas are needed to encourage Asians to access New Zealand health services. The top 3 areas are (1) cultural and social support, (2) free
interpreting services, and (3) culturally appropriate clinical services;
Across ethnicity, on average, Chinese report the highest number of language/cultural support areas needed to access New Zealand’s health services. In particular, Chinese are more likely to say they
need language/cultural support around free interpreting services, culturally appropriate clinical services, culturally appropriate psychological intervention services, translated health resources, and
ongoing updates on health-related articles via ethnic social media.
Contents
5
Section 1 Introduction & Methodology 6-9
Section 2 Asian Wellbeing Satisfaction | Worthwhileness 10-19
Section 3 Asian Mental Health Depression | Impact of COVID-19 20-31
Section 4 Mental Health Stigma Stigmatisation 32-37
Section 5 Asian Mental Health Support Barriers | Language and Cultural Support 38-53
Section 1Introduction & Methodology
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Introduction – Research Background & Purpose:
Understanding Asians’ wellbeing and mental health are pivotal for Asian mental health and wellbeing service providers to formulate
targeted solutions, services, and strategies;
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, the Asian communities living in New Zealand have experienced tremendous difficulties and challenges,
which have led to stress, anxiety, and other mental health and social wellbeing issues. Asian Family Services (AFS) is an NGO service
provider for Asians who have been affected by mental health issues and gambling harm. Our frontline clinicians working with diverse Asian
communities have seen how high stress, anxiety, and isolation resulting from the pandemic, are taking a toll on Asians’ mental health;
Furthermore, AFS is witnessing more diverse family distress, mental health, and social care needs of our Asian clients. For instance, The
Asian Helpline, AFS’s telephone counselling service offered in seven Asian languages, recorded a 150% surge in the number of calls, whilst
mental health counselling sessions for our Asian clients saw a 138% surge from May to July 2020;
For almost two decades, no new research systematically taps into Asians’ wellbeing and mental health in New Zealand. The last
nationwide Asian mental health research was carried out in 2002;
The purpose of this project is to explore Asians’ mental wellbeing, their help-seeking behaviours around mental health, as well as correlate
social and cultural issues, especially in the latter stages of COVID-19, and investigate how the pandemic has impacted Asians’ mental
wellbeing.
7
Methodology
In 2019, Trace Research Ltd conducted a telecommunication study (New Zealand broadband and online video streaming survey 2019),which showcased that a large proportion of people (62% of Asians and 76% of Chinese specifically) can no longer be reached bylandline. Thus, the representativeness of telephone surveys based only on a random sample of households with landline service hascome under increased scrutiny;
The same telecommunication study also found that over 96.8% of Asians had access to both home broadband and 4G/5G data loadedmobile phones in New Zealand, which was the highest level of ownership. Therefore, an online survey is the most appropriate andeffective method to reach the population of interest.;
The questionnaire used in this research was developed by Trace Research in collaboration with Asian Family Services. All scales adoptedwere empirically validated by academic studies. The study adhered to the guidelines of the New Zealand Ethics Committee and judgedto be low risk; therefore was approved for a field study by Asian Family Services. Participants gave written informed consent toparticipate electronically before the online survey;
Data for this report was independently collected by Trace Research Ltd between the 15th of April and the 7th of May 2021;
The results of this study are based on an online survey distributed to a nationally representative group of Asians who live in NewZealand. The ethnic Chinese sample was collected through Trace Research’s Chinese Immigrants Research Panel (by email invitation). Allother Asian ethnic samples were collected from Trace’s partner online panel. Quota sampling was used (according to the 2018 NZ Census, Asian
Adult population distribution) to ensure representativeness of all Asian ethnic groups;
The results of this study are based on a sample of 663 Asians who currently live in New Zealand. They are spread across 17 regions inNew Zealand but originally come from more than 15 Asian countries. The margin of error is ±3.8% at the 95% confidence interval. A fullsample composition breakdown is provided in the following slide.
8
Sample Composition
Location % Count
Northland Region 0.6% 4
Auckland Region 65.0% 431
Waikato Region - Hamilton 3.4% 23
Waikato Region - other 1.0% 7
Bay of Plenty Region 3.0% 20
Hawke's Bay Region 0.4% 3
Taranaki Region 0.4% 3
Manawatu-Wanganui Region 1.9% 13
Wellington Region 7.7% 51
Tasman Region 0.1% 1
Marlborough Region 0.1% 1
Canterbury Region - Christchurch 12.4% 82
Canterbury Region - other 1.0% 7
Otago Region - Dunedin 1.4% 9
Otago Region - Queenstown 0.3% 2
Otago Region - other 0.2% 1
Southland Region 1.1% 7
Total 100.0% 663
9
Ethnicity1 % Count
Chinese 34.7% 230
Indian 33.5% 222
Filipino 10.2% 67
Korean 5.0% 33
Japanese 2.5% 17
Sri Lankan 2.4% 16
Vietnamese 1.4% 9
Cambodian 1.4% 9
Other Asian 9.1% 60
Total 100.0% 663
Gender % Count
Male 49.3% 327
Female 50.7% 336
Total 100.0% 663
Age Groups % Count
18-29 years 33.4% 221
30-49 years 35.1% 233
50-64 years 23.4% 155
65 years + 8.1% 53
Total 100.0% 663
Note: 1. Including 39 NZ born Asians.
Job Status % Count
Retired 8.1% 54
Student 9.1% 60
Unemployed 3.8% 26
Homemaker 8.8% 58
Self-employed 8.7% 58
Full-time employed 50.5% 335
Part-time employed 11.0% 73
Total 100.0% 663
Section 2Asian Wellbeing
10
Section 2.1Asian Wellbeing
Satisfaction of Life in New Zealand
11
Overall, Asians tend to be satisfied with their life in New Zealand as a whole (86.5%). Across different ethnicities, Filipinosreport the highest level of life satisfaction whilst Chinese report the lowest level of life satisfaction (although stillreaching 80.2%).
10.6%
7.1%
9.3%
20.4% 9.9%
21.8%
12.0%19.3%
14.5%17.2%
31.5%
28.6%30.0% 13.1%
29.3%
9.2%
20.7%
28.5%34.3%
17.3%
7.1%
20.4%
9.8% 10.8% 12.8%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Chinese Indian Filipino Korean Total
Life Satisfaction in New Zealand1
0 Totally Dissatisfied 1 2 3 4 5 Neutral 6 7 8 9 10 Totally satisfied
12
Note 1: Q6. Overall, how satisfied are you with your life in New Zealand as a whole these days? Please rate from 0 to 10, where 0 = “Totally Dissatisfied,” and 5 = “Neutral,”, and 10 = “Totally satisfied.”Base: Total sample *ethnic groups with sample size <30 have been excluded from reporting
Satisfied (6-10) 80.2% 88.8% 96.9% 93.1% 86.5%
Mean (out of 10) 7.1 7.9 8.0 7.8 7.5#1
Males are slightly more satisfied with their life in New Zealand as a whole compared to Females. Moreover, those whoare older (50+ years) are more satisfied than those who are younger (under 50 years of age).
9.7%10.1%
9.5%11.7%
10.5%2.5%
18.3% 16.2%17.8% 18.4%
17.7%
8.2%
27.7%30.9%
26.5% 28.6%
32.6%
34.9%
18.1%16.4% 15.8%
17.4%17.8%
21.0%
13.8% 11.7% 12.6% 9.2%13.7%
26.5%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Male Female 18-29 years 30-49 years 50-64 years 65 years +
Life Satisfaction in New Zealand1 by Gender | Age
0 Totally Dissatisfied 1 2 3 4 5 Neutral 6 7 8 9 10 Totally satisfied
13
Note 1: Q6. Overall, how satisfied are you with your life in New Zealand as a whole these days? Please rate from 0 to 10, where 0 = “Totally Dissatisfied,” and 5 = “Neutral,”, and 10 = “Totally satisfied.”Base: Total sample
Satisfied (6-10) 87.6% 85.3% 82.2% 85.3% 92.3%
Mean (out of 10) 7.57.6 7.3 7.4 8.4
93.1%
7.7
Across the different regions, Asians living in Christchurch have the highest level of life satisfaction in New Zealand(92.3%). The lowest level of life satisfaction lies with those living in the Rest of the North Island (73.0%).
9.5%14.8%
25.9%
11.5%
7.2% 0.0%
18.5% 11.4%
27.5%18.8%
8.6%22.1%
30.1%
21.9%
26.2%
19.3%
35.6%
33.2%
15.1%
16.7%
9.6%
23.4%
24.0%
27.7%
13.4%22.0%
16.9%
6.4%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Auckland Wellington Hamilton Rest of the North Island Christchurch Rest of the South Island
Life Satisfaction in New Zealand1 by Region
0 Totally Dissatisfied 1 2 3 4 5 Neutral 6 7 8 9 10 Totally satisfied
14
Note 1: Q6. Overall, how satisfied are you with your life in New Zealand as a whole these days? Please rate from 0 to 10, where 0 = “Totally Dissatisfied,” and 5 = “Neutral,”, and 10 = “Totally satisfied.”Base: Total sample
#1
Satisfied (6-10) 86.6% 86.8% 89.2% 73.0% 92.3%
Mean (out of 10) 7.67.5 6.9 6.7 7.8
89.4%
8.0
Section 2.2Asian Wellbeing
Worthwhileness
15
84.8% of Asians feel the things they do in their lives are worthwhile in New Zealand. Filipinos report the highest level oflife worthwhileness in New Zealand (91.1%), and the lowest is reported by Koreans (although levels still reach 79.9%).
13.0%
7.7%8.9%
11.1%
10.1%
18.2%
11.5%12.3%
14.5%16.5%
25.6%
30.5% 33.7%
36.9%
27.6%
11.7%
19.0% 20.3%
12.1%
16.7%
12.8%18.0% 15.9%
5.3%13.9%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Chinese Indian Filipino Korean Total
Life Worthwhileness in New Zealand1
0 Totally Not Worthwhile 1 2 3 4 5 Neutral 6 7 8 9 10 Totally Worthwhile
16
Note 1: Q7. Overall, to what extent do you feel the things you do in your life are worthwhile in New Zealand? Please rate from 0 to 10, where 0 = “Totally Not Worthwhile,” and 5 = “Neutral,”, and 10 = “Totally Worthwhile.” Base: Total sample *ethnic groups with sample size <30 have been excluded from reporting
#1
Worthwhileness (6-10)
81.3% 86.7% 91.1% 79.9% 84.8%
Mean (out of 10) 7.2 7.7 7.8 7.1 7.5
Females report slightly higher levels of life worthwhileness in New Zealand compared to Males. Across age, those 65+report the highest level of life worthwhileness (96.1%). In contrast, those under 30 years report the lowest level of lifeworthwhileness.
9.9% 10.2%11.8%
11.4% 6.8%
6.5%
15.0% 17.9%15.5% 19.1%
17.3%
6.5%
26.4%28.8%
28.2% 27.5%
25.3%
32.4%
20.6% 12.9%16.2% 14.3%
19.0%
22.4%
12.1% 15.7%10.1% 12.6% 16.3%
28.3%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Male Female 18-29 years 30-49 years 50-64 years 65 years +
Life Worthwhileness in New Zealand1 by Gender | Age
0 Totally Not Worthwhile 1 2 3 4 5 Neutral 6 7 8 9 10 Totally Worthwhile
17
#1
Worthwhileness (6-10)
84.0% 85.5% 81.8% 84.9% 84.7%
Mean (out of 10) 7.57.4 7.1 7.5 8.5
96.1%
7.6
Note 1: Q7. Overall, to what extent do you feel the things you do in your life are worthwhile in New Zealand? Please rate from 0 to 10, where 0 = “Totally Not Worthwhile,” and 5 = “Neutral,”, and 10 = “Totally Worthwhile.” Base: Total sample
Across the different regions, those living in Christchurch reported the highest level of life worthwhileness (92.4%), closelyfollowing by those living in Wellington (90.4%). Those living in the Rest of the North Island report the lowest life worth(69.7%).
10.2%
6.0%
21.5%
13.4%
7.4%
8.4%
16.8%
11.9%
28.2%
7.9%
13.8%
33.8%
26.9%
35.8%
13.0%
26.0%
37.5%
9.7%
15.3%22.3%
13.0% 17.3%
17.3%
28.0%
15.4% 14.4%5.8% 5.1%
16.4%
5.1%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Auckland Wellington Hamilton Rest of the North Island Christchurch Rest of the South Island
Life Worthwhileness in New Zealand1 by Region
0 Totally Not Worthwhile 1 2 3 4 5 Neutral 6 7 8 9 10 Totally Worthwhile
18
Worthwhileness (6-10)
84.6% 90.4% 81.5% 69.7% 92.4%
Mean (out of 10) 7.97.5 6.9 6.7 7.1
85.0%
7.9
Note 1: Q7. Overall, to what extent do you feel the things you do in your life are worthwhile in New Zealand? Please rate from 0 to 10, where 0 = “Totally Not Worthwhile,” and 5 = “Neutral,”, and 10 = “Totally Worthwhile.” Base: Total sample
Regarding the Total Asian Wellbeing Index, those who score higher than total levels tend to be Indian, Filipino, 65+ years,and those living in Wellington and Christchurch. In contrast, those who score lower than total levels tend to be Chinese,under 30 years, and those living in Hamilton and the Rest of the North Island.
7.1
7.9
8.0
7.8
7.67.5
7.37.4
7.7
8.4
7.57.6
6.9
6.7
8.0
7.8
7.57.2
7.77.8
7.1
7.47.5
7.1
7.57.6
8.5
7.5
7.9
6.9
6.7
7.9
7.1
7.5
7.1
7.87.9
7.47.5 7.5
7.2
7.4
7.7
8.4
7.5
7.8
6.9
6.7
8.0
7.57.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
Total Asian Wellbeing Index
Satisfaction Worthwhileness Total Wellbeing Index
19
Section 3Asian Mental Health
20
Section 3.1Asian Mental Health
Depression
21
The top 3 symptoms of depression experienced by Asians ‘all of the time’ were feeling lonely (11.5%), feeling everythingthat I did was an effort (11.0%), and that their sleep was restless (8.8%); however, levels all sit relatively low.
22
This research adopted a short, 10-item version of the Centrefor Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale(see scale items on the right) to measure Asians’ feelings inresponse to the COVID-19 outbreak in New Zealand. Thismeasure has been used extensively in general patient andolder adult populations. All questions include four responsecategories (0–3). There are eight items that measuresymptoms of depression frequency and two that measurepositive affect, and that are reverse coded to fit themeasurement scale model. The CES-D10 scale produces acontinuous score that dichotomizes at eight points(equivalent to the full CES-D of 16 points) for classifyingsubjects with clinically relevant symptoms of depression.
The main purpose of this research is to categorise the Asianpopulation based on depressive symptoms, thereforedetailed statistical procedures are not included in this report.Please be aware that the CES-D10 scale is better suited as ascreening tool rather than a diagnostic instrument.
Interpretation of cutoff score
0-9: no significant depressive symptoms10-15: at risk of depression16 and over: at high risk of depression
7.4%
9.0%
34.8%
20.9%
29.8%
25.7%
35.8%
32.9%
30.6%
30.5%
24.7%
28.1%
29.4%
36.5%
34.2%
37.9%
33.1%
37.3%
40.2%
36.3%
39.3%
44.5%
24.3%
31.5%
27.2%
27.7%
22.4%
21.8%
23.1%
27.8%
28.6%
18.4%
11.5%
11.0%
8.8%
8.7%
8.7%
7.9%
6.1%
5.3%
I felt hopeful about the future
I was happy
I felt lonely
I felt that everything I did was an effort
My sleep was restless
I was bothered by things that usually don’t bother me
I felt depressed
I had trouble keeping my mind on what I was doing
I felt fearful
I could not “get going”
Overall response of CES-D10 scale among Asians
Rarely or none of the time 0 1 2 All of the time 3
Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D10) (Radloff 1977)
Positive affect
Symptoms of depression
#1
#2
#3
In total, 44.4% of Asians are at risk of depression. Koreans are the most likely group to be at risk of depression, followedby Indians and Filipinos. In contrast, Chinese are the least likely group to be at risk of depression.
63.6%
48.9% 52.7%
35.9%
55.7%
27.9%
29.1%29.8%
53.0%
29.6%
8.5%
22.0%17.6%
11.1% 14.8%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Chinese Indian Filipino Korean Total
Risk of depression due to COVID-19 amongst Asians in New Zealand1
No significant depressive symptom At risk of depression At high risk of depression
23
Note 1: Q8. Below is a list of the ways you might have felt or behaved during the pandemic. Please tell us how often you have felt this way since the outbreak of COVID-19 in New Zealand. Please rate from 0 to 3, where 0 = “rarely or none of the time”, and 3 = “all of the time.” Base: Total sample *ethnic groups with sample size <30 have been excluded from reporting
#1#2 #3Total Risk of Depression
36.4% 51.1% 47.4% 64.1% 44.4%
Females are only slightly more at risk of depression compared to Males. Across age, those who are younger (under 30years) have the highest risk of depression (61.3%), whilst those who are older (65+ years) have the lowest risk ofdepression (23.4%).
56.4% 55.0%
38.7%
55.3%
73.2% 76.6%
29.7% 29.4%
42.5%
30.3%
13.7%
19.0%
13.9% 15.6% 18.8% 14.4% 13.1%4.4%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Male Female 18-29 years 30-49 years 50-64 years 65 years +
Risk of depression due to COVID-19 amongst Asians in New Zealand1 by Gender | Age
No significant depressive symptom At risk of depression At high risk of depression
24
43.6% 45.0% 61.3% 44.7% 26.8% 23.4%
Note 1: Q8. Below is a list of the ways you might have felt or behaved during the pandemic. Please tell us how often you have felt this way since the outbreak of COVID-19 in New Zealand. Please rate from 0 to 3, where 0 = “rarely or none of the time”, and 3 = “all of the time.” Base: Total sample
Total Risk of Depression
Across regions, those living in Christchurch have the highest risk of depression (59.0%), followed by those living inHamilton (57.0%) and the Rest of the North Island (50.7%). Those living in Wellington have the lowest level of risk(35.3%).
58.2%64.6%
43.0%49.2%
41.0%
64.1%
25.6%
28.4%
34.9%
37.3%45.4%
28.8%
16.2%6.9%
22.1%13.4% 13.6%
7.1%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Auckland Wellington Hamilton Rest of the North Island Christchurch Rest of the South Island
Risk of depression due to COVID-19 amongst Asians in New Zealand1 by Region
No significant depressive symptom At risk of depression At high risk of depression
25
#1#2 #341.8% 35.3% 57.0% 50.7% 59.0% 35.9%
Note 1: Q8. Below is a list of the ways you might have felt or behaved during the pandemic. Please tell us how often you have felt this way since the outbreak of COVID-19 in New Zealand. Please rate from 0 to 3, where 0 = “rarely or none of the time”, and 3 = “all of the time.” Base: Total sample
Total Risk of Depression
Section 3.2Asian Mental Health
Impact of COVID-19
26
On average, Asians tend to worry about 4-5 issues as a result of Covid-19. The top 5 worries are (1) not being able toreturn to their home country for a reunion, (2) a recession, (3) racial discrimination, (4) the health system beingoverloaded, and (5) increased mental stress.
27
50.2%
43.6%
40.3%
38.9%
38.8%
38.1%
38.1%
35.3%
31.9%
26.8%
24.9%
22.1%
18.5%
8.7%
1.6%
Cannot return to home country for reunion
Recession
Racial discrimination
Health system being overloaded
Increased mental stress
Losing someone I love
Becoming unemployed
Getting seriously ill and/or being in hospitals
Small companies running out of business
Feeling isolated
Society getting more egoistic (i.e., selfishness)
Restricted access to food supplies
Schools closing
Blackouts (no electricity)
Nothing to worry about
Ranking of concerns due to the impact of COVID-191
#1
#3
#2
Note 1: Q9. What do you worry about due to the impact of COVID-19?Base: Total sample
#4
#5
On average, Chinese worry the most as a result of Covid-19. In particular, Chinese are more likely to worry about arecession, racial discrimination, and society getting more egoistic. Indians are more likely to worry about smallcompanies running out of business. Filipinos are more likely to worry about losing someone they love and gettingseriously ill. Koreans are more likely to worry about racial discrimination, feeling isolated, and schools closing.
56.0%50.8%
54.9%
34.6%
59.8%
34.3%
27.0% 27.2%
57.7%
24.0% 23.5%
55.0%
42.2%
36.9%
28.1%
42.1%
37.1%
42.4% 42.4% 43.3%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Chinese Indian Filipino Korean
Concerns due to the impact of COVID-191 by Major Asian Ethnic Groups
Cannot return to home country for reunion
Recession
Racial discrimination
Health system being overloaded
Increased mental stress
Losing someone I love
Becoming unemployed
Getting seriously ill and/or being in hospitals
Small companies running out of business
Feeling isolated
Society getting more egoistic (i.e., selfishness)
Restricted access to food supplies
Schools closing
Blackouts (no electricity)
Nothing to worry about
28
Legend ranked by total concerns
Note 1: Q9. What do you worry about due to the impact of COVID-19?Base: Total sample *ethnic groups with sample size <30 have been excluded from reporting
4.9 4.3 4.1 4.3Average number of issues worried about
On average, Females worry more than Males as a result of Covid-19. In particular, Females are more likely to worry aboutnot being able to return to their home country for a reunion, the health system is overloaded, and losing someone theylove.
43.7%
56.7%
41.1%
46.1%
38.6%
42.0%
34.7%
43.0%
36.3%41.1%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Male Female
Concerns due to the impact of COVID-191 by Gender
Cannot return to home country for reunion
Recession
Racial discrimination
Health system being overloaded
Increased mental stress
Losing someone I love
Becoming unemployed
Getting seriously ill and/or being in hospitals
Small companies running out of business
Feeling isolated
Society getting more egoistic (i.e., selfishness)
Restricted access to food supplies
Schools closing
Blackouts (no electricity)
Nothing to worry about
29
Legend ranked by total concerns
Note 1: Q9. What do you worry about due to the impact of COVID-19?Base: Total sample
4.2 4.9Average number of issues worried about
On average, those aged 65+ worry the most as a result of Covid-19. In particular, they are more likely to worry about a recession,getting seriously ill, society getting more egoistic, and restricted access to supplies. Those 18-29 years are more likely to worryabout increased mental stress, feeling isolated, and being unemployed. Those 30-49 years are more likely to be worried aboutbeing unemployed. Those 50-64 years are more likely to worry about the health system being overloaded.
41.0%
54.3%56.3%
53.3%
27.9%
50.6%49.9%
59.4%
41.0%43.3%
33.6%
44.6%
30.9%
36.2%
52.2%
44.8%46.8%
41.6%
24.8%
33.9%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
18-29 years 30-49 years 50-64 years 65 years +
Concerns due to the impact of COVID-191 by Age
Cannot return to home country for reunion
Recession
Racial discrimination
Health system being overloaded
Increased mental stress
Losing someone I love
Becoming unemployed
Getting seriously ill and/or being in hospitals
Small companies running out of business
Feeling isolated
Society getting more egoistic (i.e., selfishness)
Restricted access to food supplies
Schools closing
Blackouts (no electricity)
Nothing to worry about
30
Legend ranked by total concerns
Note 1: Q9. What do you worry about due to the impact of COVID-19?Base: Total sample
4.3 4.7 4.6 5.2Average number of issues worried about
On average, those living in Hamilton worry the most due to Covid-19, in particular, they are more likely to worry about arecession, racial discrimination, increased mental stress, feeling isolated, and restricted access to food supplies. Those living inAuckland are more likely to worry about racial discrimination. Wellington is more likely to worry about the health system beingoverloaded and small companies running out of business. The rest of the South Island are more likely to worry about losingsomeone they love and feeling isolated.
51.7%
38.3%
55.0%52.7%
49.2%
45.1%47.0%
32.9%
57.9%
38.3%36.8%
29.3%
44.9%
29.7%
48.1%
32.7%
34.2%
15.3%
41.8%
50.9%
43.5%
24.8%25.8%
31.8%
40.2% 39.1%
52.3%
32.7% 32.7% 33.2%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Auckland Wellington Hamilton Rest of the North Island Christchurch Rest of the South Island
Concerns due to the impact of COVID-191 by Region
Cannot return to home country for reunion
Recession
Racial discrimination
Health system being overloaded
Increased mental stress
Losing someone I love
Becoming unemployed
Getting seriously ill and/or being in hospitals
Small companies running out of business
Feeling isolated
Society getting more egoistic (i.e., selfishness)
Restricted access to food supplies
Schools closing
Blackouts (no electricity)
Nothing to worry about
31
Legend ranked by total concerns
Note 1: Q9. What do you worry about due to the impact of COVID-19?Base: Total sample
Average number of issues worried about 4.7 4.6 5.5 3.8 4.0 3.8
Section 4Mental Health Stigma
Stigmatisation
32
98.7% of Asians believe the public hold negative stereotypes against people with mental illnesses. On average, there are4-5 expressions of public stigma surrounding mental illnesses. The top 5 are (1) being withdrawn, isolated, lonely, (2)high risk of suicide and self-harm tendencies, (3) being insecure/lacking confidence, (4) being not normal/unusual, and(5) being vulnerable/weak.
33
43.6%
40.7%
40.6%
37.8%
36.8%
35.8%
29.8%
28.4%
27.7%
27.4%
24.6%
23.6%
21.1%
18.5%
9.5%
1.3%
Being withdrawn, isolated, lonely
High risk of suicide and self-harm tendencies
Being insecure/ lacking confidence
Being not normal/unusual
Being vulnerable/weak
Having low self-esteem
Being hopeless/useless
Being a burden/risk to society
Being abusive and violent
Being less worth than normal people
Often engaging in negative self-dialogue
From a dysfunctional family
Having genetic problems
Being untreatable/ not recoverable
Having cult beliefs
Don't know
Ranking of Expressions of Public Stigma Surrounding Mental Illnesses1
#1
#3
#2
Note 1: Q10. What type of labelling do you think most people/public attach to people with mental illness/es in New Zealand? Note that this question refers to your perception of other people’s views, not your own views. Please select all that applyBase: Total sample
#4
#5
On average, Indians have the highest expressions of public stigma surrounding mental illness, in particular, they are more likely toreport expressions of public stigma around being insecure/lacking confidence, being not normal/unusual, and beinghopeless/useless. Chinese are more likely to report expressions of public stigma around being a burden/risk to society and beingabusive and violent. Filipinos are more likely to report expressions of public stigma around being less worthy than normal people.Koreans are more likely to report expressions of public stigma around the high risk of suicide, being vulnerable/weak, and havinglow self-esteem.
44.3%
46.7%
41.5%41.4%
32.6%
40.5%
47.5%
52.8%
38.9%
45.3%
37.6%
29.0%
34.4%
46.1%
33.0% 34.1%32.4%
38.5%
43.1%
65.6%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Chinese Indian Filipino Korean
Expressions of Public Stigma Surrounding Mental Illnesses1 by Major Asian Ethnic Groups
Being withdrawn, isolated, lonely
High risk of suicide and self-harm tendencies
Being insecure/ lacking confidence
Being not normal/unusual
Being vulnerable/weak
Having low self-esteem
Being hopeless/useless
Being a burden/risk to society
Being abusive and violent
Being less worth than normal people
Often engaging in negative self-dialogue
From a dysfunctional family
Having genetic problems
Being untreatable/ not recoverable
Having cult beliefs
Don't know
34
Legend ranked by total stigma
Note 1: Q10. What type of labelling do you think most people/public attach to people with mental illness/es in New Zealand? Note that this question refers to your perception of other people’s views, not your own views. Please select all that applyBase: Total sample *ethnic groups with sample size <30 have been excluded from reporting
Average number of expressions 4.1 4.8 4.6 4.3
On average Females have slightly more expressions of public stigma surrounding mental illnesses compared to Males. Inparticular, Females are more likely to report expressions of public stigma around the high risk of suicide and self-harmtendencies, being hopeless/useless, being less worthy than normal people, and from a dysfunctional family.
44.8%42.4%
36.1%
45.0%
39.3% 41.8%38.0% 37.6%
37.5%
36.0%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Male Female
Expressions of Public Stigma Surrounding Mental Illnesses1 by Gender
Being withdrawn, isolated, lonely
High risk of suicide and self-harm tendencies
Being insecure/ lacking confidence
Being not normal/unusual
Being vulnerable/weak
Having low self-esteem
Being hopeless/useless
Being a burden/risk to society
Being abusive and violent
Being less worth than normal people
Often engaging in negative self-dialogue
From a dysfunctional family
Having genetic problems
Being untreatable/ not recoverable
Having cult beliefs
Don't know
35
Note 1: Q10. What type of labelling do you think most people/public attach to people with mental illness/es in New Zealand? Note that this question refers to your perception of other people’s views, not your own views. Please select all that applyBase: Total sample
Legend ranked by total stigma
4.2 4.7Average number of expressions
On average, those aged 65+ express the most public stigma surrounding mental illnesses. Specifically, those 65+ are morelikely to report all the different expressions of public stigma compared to other age groups. With the exception of those65+, those 18-29 years are more likely to report expressions of public stigma around having low self-esteem.
44.4% 40.6%41.6%
58.7%
45.5%
32.2%
40.4%
58.0%
42.8%
33.2%
44.2%
53.3%
32.2%35.6%
44.5%
51.4%
40.6%
32.6% 33.2%
49.0%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
18-29 years 30-49 years 50-64 years 65 years +
Expressions of Public Stigma Surrounding Mental Illnesses1 by Age
Being withdrawn, isolated, lonely
High risk of suicide and self-harm tendencies
Being insecure/ lacking confidence
Being not normal/unusual
Being vulnerable/weak
Having low self-esteem
Being hopeless/useless
Being a burden/risk to society
Being abusive and violent
Being less worth than normal people
Often engaging in negative self-dialogue
From a dysfunctional family
Having genetic problems
Being untreatable/ not recoverable
Having cult beliefs
Don't know
36
Note 1: Q10. What type of labelling do you think most people/public attach to people with mental illness/es in New Zealand? Note that this question refers to your perception of other people’s views, not your own views. Please select all that applyBase: Total sample
Legend ranked by total stigma
4.6 3.9 4.3 6.7Average number of expressions
4.4 5.2 4.5 4.3 4.1 5.0
On average, those living in Wellington and the Rest of the South Island express the most public stigma surrounding mentalillnesses. Asians from Wellington are more likely to report expressions of public stigma around being withdrawn/isolated/lonely,being a burden/risk to society, and being abusive and violent. The Rest of the South Island are more likely to report expressions ofpublic stigma around being insecure/lacking confidence and having genetic problems. Hamilton are more likely to reportexpressions of public stigma around being insecure/lacking confidence, being less worthy than normal people, and having cultbeliefs.
41.2%
59.4%
24.0%
48.9% 48.9%
41.1%39.0%
51.2%44.1%
43.9%
36.8%
49.8%
38.9%
53.6%
55.4%
38.9%
32.3%
57.8%
39.7%39.7%
37.3%40.6%
29.0%
26.3%
38.8% 37.2%
23.2%
29.0%
37.6%
26.8%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Auckland Wellington Hamilton Rest of the North Island Christchurch Rest of the South Island
Expressions of Public Stigma Surrounding Mental Illnesses1 by Region
Being withdrawn, isolated, lonely
High risk of suicide and self-harm tendencies
Being insecure/ lacking confidence
Being not normal/unusual
Being vulnerable/weak
Having low self-esteem
Being hopeless/useless
Being a burden/risk to society
Being abusive and violent
Being less worth than normal people
Often engaging in negative self-dialogue
From a dysfunctional family
Having genetic problems
Being untreatable/ not recoverable
Having cult beliefs
Don't know
37
Note 1: Q10. What type of labelling do you think most people/public attach to people with mental illness/es in New Zealand? Note that this question refers to your perception of other people’s views, not your own views. Please select all that applyBase: Total sample
Legend ranked by total stigma
Average number of expressions
Section 5Asian Mental Health Support
38
Section 5.1Asian Mental Health Support
Perceived Barriers for Seeking Mental Health Support
39
On average, Asians perceive 4-5 barriers to seeking mental health support in the Asian community. The top 5 are (1) lackof awareness of mental disorders, (2) limited knowledge of available services, (3) lack of language support or culturalsupport when accessing mental health services, (4) privacy, and (5) limited knowledge about mental health services andits effectiveness.
40
49.0%
48.3%
48.3%
43.5%
42.5%
42.2%
34.3%
33.8%
28.9%
22.6%
15.4%
Lack of awareness of mental disorders
Limited knowledge of available services
Lack of language support or cultural support when accessing mental health resources
Privacy
Limited knowledge about mental health services and its effectiveness
The stigma associated with mental disorders
Insufficient financial resources to access mental health services
Prefer self-help strategies or alternative interventions
Low confidence in mainstream mental health & addiction services
I thought the problem has not triggered serious family issues
I thought the problem has not triggered serious workplace issues
Ranking of Perceived Barriers for Seeking Mental Health Support in the Asian Community1
Note: 1. Q11. According to AFS’ 2020 research, just over 50% of Asians were reluctant to seek help from professional counsellor services to solve their mental health-related problems. Which of the following do you believe to be key barriers of seeking professional help for mental health problems? Please select all that apply. Base: Total sample
#1
#3
#2
#4
#5
4.6 3.8 4.1 2.5
On average, Chinese perceive the most barriers for seeking mental health support in the Asian community. In particular, Chineseare more likely to report barriers around limited knowledge of available services, lack of language or cultural support, privacy, andthought the problem had not triggered serious family issues or workplace issues. In contrast, Filipinos are more likely to reportbarriers around the stigma associated with mental disorders and low confidence in mainstream mental health & addictionservices.
52.4% 49.9%
48.3%
26.9%
55.2%
48.2%
39.1%
21.6%
65.0%
29.6%
55.8%
51.7%51.2%
39.6%
43.6%
14.5%
47.0%
39.7%
36.2%
40.9%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Chinese Indian Filipino Korean
Perceived Barriers for Seeking Mental Health Support in the Asian Community1 by Major Asian Ethnic Groups
Lack of awareness of mental disorders
Limited knowledge of available services
Lack of language support or cultural support whenaccessing mental health resources
Privacy
Limited knowledge about mental health services and itseffectiveness
The stigma associated with mental disorders
Insufficient financial resources to access mental healthservices
Prefer self-help strategies or alternative interventions
Low confidence in mainstream mental health &addiction services
I thought the problem has not triggered serious familyissues
I thought the problem has not triggered seriousworkplace issues
41
Legend ranked by total perceived barriers
Note: 1. Q11. According to AFS’ 2020 research, just over 50% of Asians were reluctant to seek help from professional counsellor services to solve their mental health-related problems. Which of the following do you believe to be key barriers of seeking professional help for mental health problems? Please select all that apply. Base: Total sample *ethnic groups with sample size <30 have been excluded from reporting
Average number of perceived barriers
On average, Females have more perceived barriers for seeking mental health support in the Asian community comparedto Males. While all barriers are rated higher by Females than Males, the greatest difference in perceived barriers lies withthe lack of awareness of mental disorders, limited knowledge of available services, and the stigma associated withmental disorders.
42.9%
54.9%
42.9%
53.5%
47.2% 49.4%
41.1%
45.8%
39.5%
45.4%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Male Female
Perceived Barriers for Seeking Mental Health Support in the Asian Community1 by Gender
Lack of awareness of mental disorders
Limited knowledge of available services
Lack of language support or cultural support whenaccessing mental health resources
Privacy
Limited knowledge about mental health services and itseffectiveness
The stigma associated with mental disorders
Insufficient financial resources to access mental healthservices
Prefer self-help strategies or alternative interventions
Low confidence in mainstream mental health &addiction services
I thought the problem has not triggered serious familyissues
I thought the problem has not triggered seriousworkplace issues
42
Legend ranked by total perceived barriers
Note: 1. Q11. According to AFS’ 2020 research, just over 50% of Asians were reluctant to seek help from professional counsellor services to solve their mental health-related problems. Which of the following do you believe to be key barriers of seeking professional help for mental health problems? Please select all that apply. Base: Total sample
3.7 4.5Average number of perceived barriers
On average, those aged 65+ perceive the most barriers for seeking mental health support in the Asian community. Inparticular, they are more likely to perceive barriers around limited knowledge of available services, privacy, prefer self-help strategies or alternative interventions, low confidence in mainstream mental health and addiction services, andthought that the problem had not triggered serious family issues.
47.1%46.2%
53.7% 55.2%
40.6%46.9%
53.3%
70.9%
44.3%
51.7%
46.7%
54.3%
40.2% 40.6%
47.3%
58.5%
42.6%
37.9%
47.1% 48.4%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
18-29 years 30-49 years 50-64 years 65 years +
Perceived Barriers for Seeking Mental Health Support in the Asian Community1 by Age
Lack of awareness of mental disorders
Limited knowledge of available services
Lack of language support or cultural support whenaccessing mental health resources
Privacy
Limited knowledge about mental health services and itseffectiveness
The stigma associated with mental disorders
Insufficient financial resources to access mental healthservices
Prefer self-help strategies or alternative interventions
Low confidence in mainstream mental health &addiction services
I thought the problem has not triggered serious familyissues
I thought the problem has not triggered seriousworkplace issues
43
Legend ranked by total perceived barriers
Note: 1. Q11. According to AFS’ 2020 research, just over 50% of Asians were reluctant to seek help from professional counsellor services to solve their mental health-related problems. Which of the following do you believe to be key barriers of seeking professional help for mental health problems? Please select all that apply. Base: Total sample
3.9 3.9 4.3 5.1Average number of perceived barriers
4.2 4.1 4.4 3.6 3.6 3.8
On average, those living in Hamilton perceive the highest number of barriers for seeking mental health support in the Asian community. In particular,they are more likely to perceive barriers around the lack of language or cultural support, limited knowledge about mental health services and theireffectiveness, and low confidence in mainstream mental health & addiction services. In contrast, Asians from Wellington are more likely to perceivebarriers around the lack of awareness of mental disorders; the Rest of the North Island are more likely to perceive barriers around insufficientfinancial resources and thought the problem had not triggered serious workplace issues; and the Rest of the South Island are more likely to perceivebarriers around preferring self-help strategies or alternative interventions and thought the problem had not triggered serious family issues.
50.3%
68.2%
29.9%
39.4%
47.1%
31.4%
49.3%
56.3%
51.0%
42.1%
38.7%
54.5%
49.4%
35.0%
63.8%
45.3%
50.2%
42.3%
47.2%
39.4% 38.4%
32.9%34.3%
43.1%44.8%46.7%
52.8%
38.2%
33.4%
24.3%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Auckland Wellington Hamilton Rest of the North Island Christchurch Rest of the South Island
Perceived Barriers for Seeking Mental Health Support in the Asian Community1 by Region
Lack of awareness of mental disorders
Limited knowledge of available services
Lack of language support or cultural support whenaccessing mental health resources
Privacy
Limited knowledge about mental health services and itseffectiveness
The stigma associated with mental disorders
Insufficient financial resources to access mental healthservices
Prefer self-help strategies or alternative interventions
Low confidence in mainstream mental health &addiction services
I thought the problem has not triggered serious familyissues
I thought the problem has not triggered seriousworkplace issues
44
Legend ranked by total perceived barriers
Note: 1. Q11. According to AFS’ 2020 research, just over 50% of Asians were reluctant to seek help from professional counsellor services to solve their mental health-related problems. Which of the following do you believe to be key barriers of seeking professional help for mental health problems? Please select all that apply. Base: Total sample *ethnic groups with sample size <30 have been excluded from reporting
Average number of perceived barriers
Section 5.2Asian Mental Health Support
Language & Cultural Support
45
Overall, 47.9% of Asians have difficulty accessing language and/or cultural support regularly when using health servicesin New Zealand (i.e., ability to access support is sometimes - never). Filipinos have the most difficulty, followed byChinese, then Korean.
18.1%27.2%
11.6%20.4%
31.3%
29.2%
35.8%53.7%
31.6%
23.9%
21.3%
25.8% 15.6% 23.1%
16.8%12.9% 18.2%
18.9%15.6%
10.0% 9.5% 8.6% 11.8% 9.2%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Chinese Indian Filipino Korean Total
Access language and/or cultural support in New Zealand1
Almost always Most of the time Sometimes Rarely Never
46
Note 1: Q12. Are you able to access language and/or cultural support when you use health services in New Zealand?Base: Total sample *ethnic groups with sample size <30 have been excluded from reporting
#1#2 #3Ability to access
sometimes - never 50.7% 43.7% 52.6% 46.3% 47.9%
Females experience more difficulty accessing language and/or cultural support regularly than Males (i.e., ability to accesssupport is sometimes - never). Across age, those who are younger (under 50 years of age) experience more difficultyaccessing language and/or cultural support than those who are older (aged 50+).
25.7%
14.6% 14.9% 12.2%
33.4%
44.5%
34.2%
28.7%36.3%
30.4%
31.7%19.9%
19.4%
27.2%
26.5%
29.2%
12.0% 11.6%
10.8%21.0%
14.3%19.1% 10.8% 16.8%
10.0% 8.4% 8.1% 9.1% 12.0%7.3%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Male Female 18-29 years 30-49 years 50-64 years 65 years +
Access language and/or cultural support in New Zealand1 by Gender | Age
Almost always Most of the time Sometimes Rarely Never
47
40.2% 56.6% 48.9% 57.4% 34.8% 35.7%
Note 1: Q12. Are you able to access language and/or cultural support when you use health services in New Zealand?Base: Total sample
Ability to access sometimes - never
Across region, those living in the Rest of the South Island experience the most difficulty accessing language and/orcultural support regularly when using health services in New Zealand (i.e., ability to access support is sometimes - never).Next are those living in Christchurch and those living in Wellington.
22.1%
9.6%
28.3%23.5%
18.6%
32.3%
37.2%
37.1%
27.6%26.4%
29.0%
24.9%
24.7%
2.8%
16.9%20.8%
28.1%
14.1%
8.2%23.3%
11.1%23.5%
33.9%
6.6%
20.3%
8.5%
21.0%10.6% 9.0%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Auckland Wellington Hamilton Rest of the North Island Christchurch Rest of the South Island
Access language and/or cultural support in New Zealand1 by Region
Almost always Most of the time Sometimes Rarely Never
48
45.6% 53.2% 34.6% 49.0% 54.9% 71.0%
Note 1: Q12. Are you able to access language and/or cultural support when you use health services in New Zealand?Base: Total sample
#1#3 #2
Ability to access sometimes - never
On average, 2-3 language and/or cultural support areas are needed to encourage Asians to access New Zealand healthservices. The top 3 areas are (1) cultural and social support, (2) free interpreting services, and (3) culturally appropriateclinical services.
49
49.2%
39.7%
39.5%
35.7%
32.5%
24.7%
8.7%
Cultural and social support
Free interpreting services
Culturally appropriate clinical services
Culturally appropriate psychological intervention services
Translated health resources
Ongoing updates on health-related articles via ethnic social media (e.g., WeChat)
None
Ranking of Areas of Language/Cultural Support Needed for Accessing Health Services in the Asian Community1
Note: 1. Q13 Which area of language and/or cultural support might be needed for you to access New Zealand health services? Please select all that apply. Base: Total sample
#1
#3
#2
3.2 1.7 1.7 1.6
On average, Chinese report the highest number of language/cultural support areas needed to access New Zealand’shealth services. In particular, Chinese are more likely to say they need language/cultural support around free interpretingservices, culturally appropriate clinical services, culturally appropriate psychological intervention services, translatedhealth resources, and ongoing updates on health-related articles via ethnic social media.
52.5% 48.7%53.3%
45.2%
57.4%
30.9%
19.0%
30.6%
55.5%
32.1%
41.5%
21.4%
49.7%
28.1%
34.6%32.5%
58.9%
20.6%
6.7%
16.1%
41.1%
14.5%16.3%
9.3%
4.5%
11.2%11.4%
0.0%0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Chinese Indian Filipino Korean
Areas of Language/Cultural Support Needed for Accessing Health Services1 by Major Asian Ethnic Groups
Cultural and social support
Free interpreting services
Culturally appropriate clinical services
Culturally appropriate psychological interventionservices
Translated health resources
Ongoing updates on health-related articles via ethnicsocial media (e.g., WeChat)
None
50
Legend ranked by total needs
Note: 1. Q13 Which area of language and/or cultural support might be needed for you to access New Zealand health services? Please select all that apply. Base: Total sample *ethnic groups with sample size <30 have been excluded from reporting
Average number of areas needed
2.2 2.2
Males are more likely to say they need two areas of language/cultural support to access New Zealand health services,these are (1) cultural and social support and (2) translated health resources. In contrast, Females are more likely to saythey need ongoing updates on health-related articles via ethnic social media.
51.2% 47.2%
39.6%39.8%39.6%
39.5%
34.7%
36.6%34.5%
30.6%
20.4%
29.0%
8.1%9.3%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Male Female
Areas of Language/Cultural Support Needed for Accessing Health Services1 by Gender
Cultural and social support
Free interpreting services
Culturally appropriate clinical services
Culturally appropriate psychological interventionservices
Translated health resources
Ongoing updates on health-related articles via ethnicsocial media (e.g., WeChat)
None
51
Legend ranked by total needs
Note: 1. Q13 Which area of language and/or cultural support might be needed for you to access New Zealand health services? Please select all that apply. Base: Total sample
Average number of areas needed
2.2 2.4 1.9 2.5
On average, those 65+ report the highest number of language/cultural support areas needed to access New Zealand’s healthservices, closely followed by those aged 30-49 years. Those 65+ are more likely to need free interpreting services and culturallyappropriate clinical services. In contrast, those 30-49 years are more likely to need culturally appropriate psychologicalintervention services and translated health resources, whilst those 18-29 years are more likely to need cultural and social support.
56.3%51.4%
36.5%
47.3%
37.1%40.9%
38.6%
48.4%
36.6%
42.9%
32.6%
56.9%
33.0%
42.6%
28.3%
37.7%
28.2%
37.2%
32.3%30.5%
26.1% 24.7% 22.2%
26.3%
4.1%3.8%
21.1%
12.6%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
18-29 years 30-49 years 50-64 years 65 years +
Areas of Language/Cultural Support Needed for Accessing Health Services1 by Age
Cultural and social support
Free interpreting services
Culturally appropriate clinical services
Culturally appropriate psychological interventionservices
Translated health resources
Ongoing updates on health-related articles via ethnicsocial media (e.g., WeChat)
None
52
Legend ranked by total needs
Note: 1. Q13 Which area of language and/or cultural support might be needed for you to access New Zealand health services? Please select all that apply. Base: Total sample
Average number of areas needed
On average, those living in Hamilton report the highest number of language/cultural support areas needed to access NewZealand’s health services, closely followed by those living in Auckland. Those living in Auckland are more likely to need culturallyappropriate clinical services whilst those living in Hamilton are more likely to need cultural and social support, culturallyappropriate psychological intervention services, and translated health resources. Those living in Christchurch are more likely toneed cultural and social support.
45.3%41.0%
67.4%
49.9%
66.4%
57.0%
42.8%
35.6%
28.4%
36.4%
35.2%
28.5%
43.6%
33.2%
23.8% 22.7%
37.9% 35.6%38.8%
28.5%
48.9%
18.5%
29.1%
40.3%
35.7%
30.0%
44.9%
28.0%
16.6%
34.2%
28.1%
13.2%
27.1% 28.5%
15.7%
12.1%
9.0%
7.0%
14.2%
15.0%
2.2%
10.6%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Auckland Wellington Hamilton Rest of the North Island Christchurch Rest of the South Island
Areas of Language/Cultural Support Needed for Accessing Health Services1 by Region
Cultural and social support
Free interpreting services
Culturally appropriate clinical services
Culturally appropriate psychological interventionservices
Translated health resources
Ongoing updates on health-related articles via ethnicsocial media (e.g., WeChat)
None
53
Legend ranked by total needs
Note: 1. Q13 Which area of language and/or cultural support might be needed for you to access New Zealand health services? Please select all that apply. Base: Total sample
2.3 1.8 2.4 1.8 2.0 2.1Average number of areas needed
Headed by Dr Andrew Zhu, Trace Research Ltd (NZ) is an independent market researchand consultancy company based in Auckland. The governance of the company alsoconsists of an academic advisory board, which provides conceptual and technicalassessments and support for its market research projects.
In the early stages of the company’s development, Dr Zhu focused mainly on providingcontract based research and consultancy to other major domestic research agencies andbusiness clients. In recent years, Dr Zhu and the company have expanded their client baseto include overseas corporations, such as Chevron/Caltex, AIA, Huawei, UnionPayInternational, IAG and VW.
Having gained his PhD in Marketing from the University of Auckland Business School, andhaving worked in the business sector during and after his postgraduate studies, Dr Zhu isequipped with both theoretical knowledge and practical experience for delivering highquality market information and advice to his business clients. Since 2005, he hascompleted over 200 projects for 80 companies in the industries/sectors of fuel &lubricants, energy, food & beverage, dairy products (baby formula), banking & insurance,telecommunication, social media, tourism, and tertiary education. One of the mostexciting projects in the company’s portfolio was the political polling analysis for TV3Newshub Political Poll. The results of that project received considerable public attention.Trace Research Ltd (NZ) has also been working with non-profit organisations in promotingsocial welfare and social responsibility.
In 2016, Dr Zhu was motivated by the safety concerns in Chinese community in NZ, andconducted the ground-breaking social polling among 11,675 Chinese. It was the first everpolling conducted among ethnic Chinese in NZ’s history. The project gained tremendoustraction, and the results were reported by more than 20 domestic and internationalmainstream media networks. The polling results were also widely regarded as havinggreat policy significance in New Zealand, and Chinese research panel was establishedsince then.
Research Company Background
This research was commissioned by Asian Family Services andindependently conducted by Trace Research Ltd.
The views expressed in this report are those of the researcherand DO NOT represent the views of Asian Family Services.
Researcher's Contact Information
Dr Andrew Zhu PhD MRSNZ CStJ
Director of Trace Research
Email: [email protected]
Asian Family Service Correspondents
Kelly Feng
National Director
Email: [email protected]
Dr Bo Ning
Research Coordinator
Email: [email protected]
54
55
Chinese Immigrants Research Credentials
Trace established the 1st and currently holds the largest New Zealand Chinese Immigrants Research Panel (as of May 2020, there are around 19,200 members which is equivalent to 10% of the entire Chinese adult population in New Zealand)
Trace Research has conducted many research projects targeted at Chinese immigrants in New Zealand, for example:
❑ 2016 - Chinese Immigrants’ Safety Perception of NZ Survey
❑ 2016 - China - New Zealand Agribusiness Investment and Trade Survey
❑ 2016 - Chinese Immigrants’ Health Insurance Survey
❑ 2017 - Members’ Political Opinion Survey for New Zealand Asian Leaders
❑ 2017 - Chinese New Zealanders Political Poll (WTV-Trace Chinese Poll)
❑ 2017 - Chinese Immigrants Life & Work Survey for the University of Auckland
❑ 2017 - Chinese Immigrants’ Manuka Honey Brand Perception Survey
❑ 2017 - Chinese International Students Well-being Survey
❑ 2018 - Chinese Immigrants Domestic Travel Survey
❑ 2018 - Chinese Immigrants Cross-border E-commerce Survey
❑ 2018 - Chinese Immigrants Air Passenger Survey
❑ 2019 - Chinese Immigrants' Daigou Survey
❑ 2018-19 - Chinese International Students Kia Topu project for The University of Canterbury
❑ 2019 - Trace & Ipsos - Chinese Immigrants' Radio Listenership Survey
❑ 2019 - Trace & Reid - Chinese Immigrants' Political Poll
❑ 2020 – The impact of COVID-19 on Chinese Businesses in New Zealand
❑ 2020 – New Zealand Asian Mental Health Survey
❑ 2020 – New Zealand COVID-19 Mental Health Response Survey for Massey University
Trace Research has turned a range of research findings into media publications and created significant business and social influence
Just to list a few…