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Slide 2 Slide 3 Slide 4 Slide 5 Slide 6 Slide 7 Slide 8 Slide 9 Slide 10 Slide 11 As ground saturates the water table rises. If you dig a well below the water table you can access the water! Slide 12 If water table rises or falls, surface water also changes. Slide 13 Base your answers to questions below on the diagram, which shows a model of the water cycle. Letters A through F represent some processes of the water cycle. Letter X indicates the top of the underground zone that is saturated with water. Slide 14 Slide 15 Slide 16 Slide 17 Different ground has different porosity. Slide 18 If water cannot infiltrate it will runoff on the surface. Slide 19 Less pores, but bigger = More pores, but smaller Slide 20 Packing of Grains Shape of Grains Mixed Sizes of Grains More porous Less porous Flatter sediments are less porous Slide 21 Which beaker has the largest sized pores? Which beaker can HOLD the most water? THEY HAVE EQUAL POROSITY! (more small pores = less big pores) Slide 22 Slide 23 The diagrams below represent three containers, A, B, and C, which were filled with equal volumes of uniformly sorted plastic beads. Water was poured into each container to determine porosity and infiltration time. Slide 24 Slide 25 1.The mixture of sand clay and pebbles holds the most water. 2.The cup of sand holds more water than the cup of silt. 3.All cups hold the same amount of water. 4.The cups of pebbles and silt hold the same volume of water. Slide 26 Assuming equal amounts of precipitation and saturation, which soil could rain infiltrate the most readily? Greater Porosity = Faster Infiltration Slide 27 Slide 28 Desert soil is often impermeable. Even small amounts of rain will run-off, causing flash floods. Only a few seconds have passed! Slide 29 Slide 30 Slide 31 Slide 32 Slide 33 As a rule, the slower water infiltrates, the slower it drains. Easy in easy out! Slide 34 Slide 35 Capillarity Water is so sticky it can climb soil particles, moving up against gravity. Larger particles have less capillarity. Smaller particles have more capillarity. Slide 36 The diagram represents four identical columns filled with sediments of uniform shape and packing. They are placed over empty glass beakers. Slide 37 Slide 38 Slide 39 The diagram shows a laboratory setup. The rubber band holds filter paper across the base of the open tube to hold the soil sample. The tube was placed in the water as shown. The upward movement of water is represented by arrows. Results with different size particles lead to the conclusion that (1)capillarity is greater in soils with larger particles (2) capillarity is greater in soils with smaller particles (3) permeability is greater in soils with larger particles (4) permeability is greater in soils with smaller particles Slide 40