AS 2.5 Describe concepts and processes relating to ecology Miss Jan.
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Transcript of AS 2.5 Describe concepts and processes relating to ecology Miss Jan.
AS 2.5 Describe concepts and processes relating to ecology
Miss Jan
Ecology comes from a Greek work
meaning home – so ecology is the study
of organisms in their home
environment.
Ecology and the Environment
Learning objectives:Define the word ecologyDefine the word environmentExplain the difference between biotic and abiotic factors
Give examples of biotic and abiotic factors
Ecology and the Environment
Ecology is the study of living things (organisms) in their natural surroundings or environment.
The environment includes everything living (biotic factors) and non-living or physical (abiotic factors).
Biotic Factors: the influences that result from the activities of living organisms in the community.
Food availabilityPredationParasitesCompetition Human actions
Abiotic Factors: the influences of the non-living aspects of the community
Light (intensity, direction, day length)
Water (salinity, humidity, pH, tidal exposure, rainfall)
Wind (speed, direction, exposure) Soil type (pH, nutrient levels) Pressure (altitude effects, oxygen
levels)
Did You Know That…?
Sharks can hear a swimmer's heartbeat 3 to 4 metres away. That's why they are so well adapted for hunting.
Habitat and Environmental factors Hand out
Habitat and Niche The particular places where organisms live are
called their _______________. Example s of habitats
are:_________________________________________________________________
Each habitat has particular conditions or ______________.
Each species has features suiting it to the conditions in its _____________.
These features enable each species to have its own unique role (or way of living) in its habitat, called its ecological ____________, which is usually related to how it obtains __________.
HabitatForest floor, streams, rock pool, grassland, etc
factorshabitat
nichefood
Mixed up answers for the ‘Biotic factors’ section
other speciesAffects growth, pop. size
Affects pop. size, location
Affects pop. size, dispersion
Affects growth, pop. size, dispersion, habitat constraints
Types of Environmental FactorsBiotic factors are due to effects caused
by _______________ in that habitat. Suggest how a species could be affected by
the following biotic factors: Food supply: Predation: Competition: Human actions:
other species
Affects growth, pop. sizeAffects pop. size, location
Affects pop. size, dispersionAffects growth, pop. size, dispersion, habitat constraints
physical or climatic
Growth (photosynthesis), water loss, temp, behaviour
Behaviour, reproduction, temp.
Water loss/gain
Water loss, temp, increased predation
Mixed up answers for the ‘abiotic factors’ sections
Growth (plants), water gain, nutrients, dispersal, salinity, temp.
Water loss, range, food availability, temp regulation
Nutrient availability and growth (plants), habitat zone
Water loss, food supply, growth, range
Water loss, physical damage, dispersal, temp.
Dispersal, extended habitat zone, physical damage
Abiotic factors are due to effects caused by ______________________ conditions.
Suggest how a species could be affected by the following abiotic factors:
Light intensity:
Day-length:
Salinity:
Tidal exposure:
physical or climatic
Growth (photosynthesis), water loss, temp, behaviour
Behaviour, reproduction, temp.
Water loss/gain
Water loss, temp, increased predation
Rainfall:
Humidity:
pH levels:
Temperature:
Wind:
Wave action:
Growth (plants), water gain, nutrients, dispersal, salinity, temp.
Water loss, range, food availability, temp regulationNutrient availability and growth (plants), habitat zone
Water loss, food supply, growth, range
Water loss, physical damage, dispersal, temp.
Dispersal, extended habitat zone, physical damage
Did You Know That…?
Humans show some signs that resemble hibernation. When we sleep, our body temperatures do drop slightly before and during sleeping.
Homework
Brainstorm the biotic and abiotic factors that affect which organisms living in … grass fields, own back garden, beaches, etc. (Choose one area only)