Artof stylingsentencespowerpoint
Transcript of Artof stylingsentencespowerpoint
The Art of The Art of Styling Styling
SentencesSentencesAdapted from Adapted from The Art of Styling Sentences: 20 The Art of Styling Sentences: 20
Patterns for SuccessPatterns for Success Third Edition Third Edition
(Barron’s Educational Series, 1993)(Barron’s Educational Series, 1993)By Marie L. Waddell, Robert M. Esch, and By Marie L. Waddell, Robert M. Esch, and
Robert R. WalkerRobert R. Walker
Pattern 1Pattern 1Compound Sentence: Compound Sentence:
semicolon, no conjunctionsemicolon, no conjunction
S V; S VS V; S V Hard work is only one side of the Hard work is only one side of the
equationequation;; talent is the other talent is the other
Pattern 2Pattern 2Compound Sentence with Compound Sentence with
Elliptical construction Elliptical construction
S V DO or SC; S, DO or SCS V DO or SC; S, DO or SC A red light means stopA red light means stop;; a green a green
lightlight,, go. go.
Pattern 3Pattern 3Compound Sentence with Compound Sentence with
Explanatory StatementExplanatory Statement
General statement: specific General statement: specific exampleexample
Darwin's Origin of Species forcibly Darwin's Origin of Species forcibly states a harsh truthstates a harsh truth:: only the fittest only the fittest survive.survive.
Pattern 4Pattern 4A Series without a A Series without a
ConjunctionConjunction A,B,CA,B,C The United States has a government The United States has a government
of the peopleof the people,, by the people by the people,, for the for the peoplepeople..
Pattern 4APattern 4AA Series with a VariationA Series with a Variation
A or B or CA or B or C Despite his handicaps, I have never Despite his handicaps, I have never
seen Larry angry seen Larry angry oror cross cross oror depressed.depressed.
Pattern 5Pattern 5A Series with a Balanced A Series with a Balanced
PairPair A and B, C and D, E and F (may A and B, C and D, E and F (may
be in any slot in the sentence)be in any slot in the sentence) "God is day and night, winter and "God is day and night, winter and
summer, war and peace, surfeit and summer, war and peace, surfeit and hunger." --Heraclitushunger." --Heraclitus
Pattern 6Pattern 6An Introductory series of An Introductory series of
AppositivesAppositives Appositive, appositive, Appositive, appositive,
appositive--summary word S Vappositive--summary word S V Vanity, greed, corruptionVanity, greed, corruption---- which which
serves as the novel's source of serves as the novel's source of conflict?conflict?
Pattern 7Pattern 7An Internal Series of An Internal Series of
Appositives or ModifiersAppositives or Modifiers
S --appositive, appositive, S --appositive, appositive, appositive--Vappositive--V
The necessary qualities for political The necessary qualities for political lifelife----guile, ruthlessness, and guile, ruthlessness, and garrulitygarrulity----she learned by carefully she learned by carefully studying his father's life.studying his father's life.
Pattern 7APattern 7AA Variation: a Single A Variation: a Single Appositive or a PairAppositive or a Pair
S --appositive--VS --appositive--V A sudden explosionA sudden explosion----artillery fireartillery fire----
signaled the beginning of a barrage.signaled the beginning of a barrage.
Pattern 8Pattern 8Dependent Clauses in a Pair Dependent Clauses in a Pair
or in a Seriesor in a Series If..., if..., if..., then S VIf..., if..., if..., then S V If you clothes are made of cottonIf you clothes are made of cotton,, if if
you wash them with soapyou wash them with soap,, if you if you hang them on the linehang them on the line,, you may not you may not need a fabric softener.need a fabric softener.
Pattern 9Pattern 9Repetition of a Key TermRepetition of a Key Term
S V key term, repeated key termS V key term, repeated key term "Victory at all costs, victory in spite "Victory at all costs, victory in spite
of all terror, victory however long of all terror, victory however long and hard the road may be [. . .]." and hard the road may be [. . .]." Winston ChurchillWinston Churchill
Pattern 9APattern 9AA Variation: Some Word A Variation: Some Word
repeated in a Parallel repeated in a Parallel StructureStructure
S V repeated key word in same S V repeated key word in same positionposition
His His greatestgreatest discoveries discoveries,, his his greatestgreatest successes successes,, his his greatestgreatest influence upon daily life came to influence upon daily life came to Edison only after repeated failureEdison only after repeated failure..
Pattern 10Pattern 10Emphatic Appositive at Emphatic Appositive at
End, End, after a Colonafter a Colon
S V word: appositiveS V word: appositive Airport thieves have a common Airport thieves have a common
target: unwary travelers.target: unwary travelers.
Pattern 10APattern 10AA Variation: Appositive A Variation: Appositive
(single or pair or series) (single or pair or series) after a Dashafter a Dash
S V word--appositiveS V word--appositive Adjusting to a new job requires one Adjusting to a new job requires one
quality abovequality above----a sense of humor.a sense of humor.
Pattern 11Pattern 11Interrupting Modifier Interrupting Modifier
Between S and VBetween S and V
S (modifier that whispers) VS (modifier that whispers) V The hunter (a common sight in New The hunter (a common sight in New
Hampshire woods during the winter) Hampshire woods during the winter) carried a large caliber rifle.carried a large caliber rifle.
Pattern 11APattern 11AA Full Sentence as A Full Sentence as
Interrupting ModifierInterrupting Modifier
S--a full sentence--VS--a full sentence--V Juliet's famous question--"Wherefore Juliet's famous question--"Wherefore
art thou, Romeo?"--is often art thou, Romeo?"--is often misunderstoomisunderstood.d.
Pattern 12Pattern 12Introductory or Introductory or
Concluding ParticiplesConcluding Participles
Participial Phrase, S V (or Participial Phrase, S V (or reverse)reverse)
LaughLaughinging at his foolish behavior, she at his foolish behavior, she fell backwards in her chair.fell backwards in her chair.
DespisDespiseded by most Westerners, the by most Westerners, the terrorist group acted with impunity.terrorist group acted with impunity.
Pattern 13Pattern 13A Single Modifier Out of A Single Modifier Out of
Place for EmphasisPlace for Emphasis Modifier, S VModifier, S V To begin with, some ideas are just To begin with, some ideas are just
plain difficult.plain difficult.
Pattern 14Pattern 14Prepositional Phrase Before Prepositional Phrase Before
S--VS--V Prepositional Phrase S V (or V S)Prepositional Phrase S V (or V S) DuringDuring the long winter months, Tom the long winter months, Tom
toiled as a trapper.toiled as a trapper.
Pattern 15Pattern 15Object or Complement Object or Complement
Before S--VBefore S--V Object or Complement S VObject or Complement S V His kind of sarcasm (,)I do not like.His kind of sarcasm (,)I do not like.
Pattern 15APattern 15AComplete Inversion of Complete Inversion of
Normal PatternNormal Pattern
Object or Complement or Object or Complement or modifier V Smodifier V S
DownDown the field and the field and throughthrough the the tacklers ran the Heisman Trophy tacklers ran the Heisman Trophy winner.winner.
Pattern 16Pattern 16Paired ConstructionsPaired Constructions
Paired ConstructionPaired Construction The more S V, the more S VThe more S V, the more S V The more I saw of his work, the The more I saw of his work, the
more I knew I didn't want to more I knew I didn't want to purchase any.purchase any.
Pattern 16APattern 16AA Paired Construction for A Paired Construction for
Contrast OnlyContrast Only
A "this, not that" or "not this but A "this, not that" or "not this but that" constructionthat" construction
Genius, not stupidity, has limits.Genius, not stupidity, has limits.
Pattern 17Pattern 17Dependent Clause as Dependent Clause as Subject or Object or Subject or Object or
ComplementComplement
S [dependent clause] VS [dependent clause] V What a man cannot imagine cannot What a man cannot imagine cannot
be created.be created.
Pattern 18Pattern 18Absolute Construction Absolute Construction Anywhere in SentenceAnywhere in Sentence
Absolute construction, S VAbsolute construction, S V His early efforts failing, Ted tried a His early efforts failing, Ted tried a
new approach to the calculus new approach to the calculus problem.problem.
The French defeated, the Germans The French defeated, the Germans advanced on Paris.advanced on Paris.
Pattern 19Pattern 19The Short, Simple Sentence The Short, Simple Sentence
for for Relief or Dramatic EffectRelief or Dramatic Effect
S VS V Perseverance pays.Perseverance pays. I think not.I think not.
Pattern 19APattern 19AA Short Question for A Short Question for
Dramatic EffectDramatic Effect Interrogative word standing Interrogative word standing
alonealone Question based solely on Question based solely on
intonationintonation Why not?Why not? You really care?You really care?
Pattern 20Pattern 20The Deliberate FragmentThe Deliberate Fragment
Merely a part of a sentenceMerely a part of a sentence Fine.Fine. First, the nuts and bolts.First, the nuts and bolts.