Artifact Dissection

8/12/2019 Artifact Dissection

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pipe wrench A tool that is similar in design and appearance to a monkey

wrench, but with self-tightening properties and hardened, serrated jaws that securely grip soft iron pipe

and pipe fittings. Sometimes known by the original patent holder's brand name as a "Stillson wrench".

socket spanner A hollow cylinder that fits over one

end of a nut or bolt head. It may include a handle, if it does not then it is often just referred to as a

socket and is usually used with various drive tools to make it a wrench or spanner such as a ratchet

handle, a tee bar (sliding tommy bar) bar or a knuckle bar (single axis pivot). It generally has a six-point,

eight-point or twelve-point recess, may be shallow or deep, and may have a built-inuniversal joint.(The

photo shows both ratchet and sockets.)

ratchet wrench It contains a one-way mechanism which allows the socket to

be turned without removing it from the nut or bolt simply by cycling the handle backward and forward.

(The photo shows both ratchet and sockets.)

die wrench A double-handled wrench for turning thediesused in threading

operations (cutting the male threads such as on a bolt).
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cross rim wrench A socket wrench used to turn lug nuts onautomobile

wheels.

Ball-peen hammerRolling off edges of metal pins and fasteners, such asrivets

nylon hammer

Thorex Nylon & Plastic Hammers

With chrome plated heads (except 720N) Thorex hammers are fitted with twodurable white nylon faces or two medium hardness red plastic faces as stockitems.

Key Benefits

A choice of plastic or wood handles are available except for 708N & 720N which are only

available with wood handles.

Worn faces can instantly be replaced BY HAND, minimizing downtime.

All faces are one piece mouldings. There are no metal pegs or inserts which could damage

the workpiece when the head is worn.

Serrations in the metal head prevent faces loosening in use.
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Faces have a shoulder for extra strength and to prevent fracture form misdirected blows.

To suit a wide range of hammering applications five alternative hardness screw-in faces are

available - colour coded for easy identification.

screw driver A screwdriveris a tool, manual or powered, for

turning (driving or removing)screws.A typical simple screwdriver has a handle, a shaft, and a tip which

is inserted into the head of the screw to turn it. The shaft is usually made of tough steel to resist bending

or twisting. The tip may be hardened to resist wear; treated with a dark tip coating for improved visual

contrast between tip and screw, and/or ridged or treated for additional 'grip'. The handle can be wood,

metal, or plastic[1]and is usually hexagonal, square, or oval in cross-section to improve grip and prevent

the tool from rolling when set down. Some manual screwdrivers have interchangeable tips which fit into

a socket on the end of the shaft and held in magnetically. These often have a hollow handle containing a

set of tips of various types and sizes, and a reversible ratchet action, much like a socket wrench, allowing

multiple full turns without repositioning either the tip or the user's hand.

pipe wrench The pipe wrench(US), Stillson wrenchor

Stillsons(UK) is an adjustablewrenchused for turning soft ironpipesand fittings with a rounded

surface. The design of the adjustable jaw allows it to rock in the frame, such that any forward pressure

on the handle tends to pull the jaws tighter together. Teeth angled in the direction of turn dig into the

soft pipe. They are not intended for use on hardened steelhex nutsor other fittings because they would

ruin the head; however, if a hex nut is soft enough that it becomes rounded beyond use with standard

wrenches, a pipe wrench is sometimes used to break the bolt or nut free. Pipe wrenches are usually sold

in the following sizes (by length of handle): 10, 14, 18, 24, 36, and 48 inches, although smaller and larger

sizes are available as well. They are usually made of caststeel.
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socket box spanner Another type of spanner which is very

similar in design to a box spanner is the socket spanner. It is similar in the sense that the socket head of

the spanner covers the nut/bolt completely and the handle is not fixed to the head. However it is

different in that it does not have a Tommy bar type arrangement, but the socket itself has a projection

which is either square shaped or hexagonal shaped. This projection fits into the appropriately sized

cavity on top of the key or the handle which can be used for the application of force. If you are not very

clear about this description better see the picture relating to this type of spanner and everything will be

crystal clear

bit socket box

hack saw A hacksawis a fine-tooth hand saw with ablade

held undertensionin a frame, used forcuttingmaterials such asmetalorplastics.Hand-held hacksaws

consist of a metal arch with a handle, usually apistol grip,with pins for attaching a narrow disposable

blade. A screw or other mechanism is used to put the thin blade under tension. The blade can be

mounted with the teeth facing toward or away from the handle, resulting in cutting action on either the
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push or pull stroke. On the push stroke, the arch will flex slightly, decreasing the tension on the blade,

often resulting in an increased tendency of the blade to buckle and crack. Cutting on the pull stroke

increases the blade tension and will result in greater control of the cut and longer blade life.

cutting plier Pliersare ahand toolused to hold

objects firmly, possibly developed fromtongsused to handle hot metal inBronze AgeEurope[1]

they are also useful forbendingandcompressinga wide range of materials. Generally, pliers

consist of a pair ofmetalfirst-class leversjoined at afulcrumpositioned closer to one end of thelevers, creating short jawson one side of the fulcrum, and longerhandleson the other side.[1]

This arrangement creates amechanical advantage,allowing theforceof thehand's gripto be

amplified and focused on an object with precision. The jaws can also be used to manipulateobjects too small or unwieldy to be manipulated with thefingers.

Pincersare a similar tool with a different type of head used for cutting and pulling, rather thansqueezing. Tools which are effectively pliers designed principally for safely handling hot objects

are usually calledtongs.Special tools for making crimp connectionsin electrical and electronic

applications are often called "crimping pliers"; each type of connection uses its own dedicatedtool.

There are many kinds of pliers made for various general and specific purposes.

wire stripper A simple manual wire stripper is a pair of opposing

blades much likescissorsorwire cutters.The addition of a center notch makes it easier to cut the

insulation without cutting the wire. This type of wire stripper is used by rotating it around the insulation

while applying pressure in order to make a cut around the insulation. Since the insulation is not bonded

tocept this type has several notches of varying size. This allows the user to match the notch size to the
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wire size, thereby eliminating the need for twisting. Once the device is clamped on, the remainder of the

wire can simply be pulled out, leaving the insulation behind

Metal cutter

Clip remover

his 5 piece auto trim and molding tool set has everything you need for those specializedautomotive repairs. The set allows you to easily remove trim, molding, door panels and

dashboards and is made from a poly/nylon composite to prevent marring in the process.

Easily remove trim, molding, door panels and dashboards

Rugged poly/nylon construction prevents marring

Works on interior and exterior trim

measuring tape


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pulley removal

Vernier caliper A

vernier scaleis a device that lets the user measure morepreciselythan could be done by reading a

uniformly-divided straight or circular measurement scale. It is scalethat indicates where the

measurement lies in between two of the marks on the main scale.

digital Vernier The Digital Caliper (sometimes incorrectly called the Digital Vernier Caliper) is a precision

instrument that can be used to measure internal and external distances extremely accurately. The

example shown below is a digital caliper as the distances/measurements, are read from a LCD display.

The most important parts have been labelled.

Earlier versions of this type of measuring instrument had to be read by looking carefully at the imperial

or metric scale and there was a need for very good eyesight in order to read the small sliding scale.

Manually operated vernier calipers can still be bought and remain popular because they are much
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cheaper than the digital version. Also, the digital version requires a small battery whereas the manual

version does not need any power source.

bore dial gauge A bore gaugeis a convenient term for the

measuring or transfer tools that are used in the process of accurately measuring holes.

A dial or vernier bore gauge measures a bore directly. The gauge has three symmetrical anvils that

protrude from the gauge body that are connected to the dial or micrometer mechanism. As the knob is

rotated it moves the anvils in or out with respect to the measurements. The knob usually has a slipping

mechanism to take the feel out of the device and increase reliability between measurements. The

measurement given is the mean diameter of the three anvils, and is usually good to 0.001 mm

(3.9105

in)

torque wrench A torque wrenchis atoolused to preciselyapply a specifictorqueto a fastener such as anutorbolt.It is usually in the form of asocket

wrenchwith special internal mechanisms. It was invented by Conrad Bahr in 1918 whileworking for the New York City Water Department. It was designed to prevent overtightening

bolts on water main and steam pipe repairs underground.

A torque wrench is used where the tightness ofscrewsand bolts is crucial. It allows the operator

to measure thetorqueapplied to the fastener so it can be matched to the specifications for a

particular application. This permits propertensionandloadingof all parts. A torque wrenchmeasures torque as a proxy for bolt tension. The technique suffers from inaccuracy due to

inconsistent or uncalibrated friction between the fastener and its mating hole. Measuring bolt

tension (bolt stretch) is more accurate but often torque is the only practical means ofmeasurement.

Torque screwdriversand torque wrenches have similar purposes and mechanisms.
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Spark plug

A spark plug(sometimes inBritish Englisha sparking plug,[1]colloquially a plug) is a devicefor delivering electric current from anignition systemto thecombustion chamberof aspark-ignition engineto ignite the compressed fuel/air mixture by anelectric spark,while containing

combustion pressure within the engine. A spark plug has a metalthreadedshell, electrically

isolated from a centralelectrodeby aporcelaininsulator. The central electrode, which maycontain aresistor,is connected by a heavilyinsulatedwire to the output terminal of anignition

coilormagneto.The spark plug's metal shell is screwed into the engine'scylinder headand thus

electricallygrounded.The central electrode protrudes through the porcelain insulator into thecombustion chamber,forming one or morespark gapsbetween the inner end of the central

electrode and usually one or more protuberances or structures attached to the inner end of the

threaded shell and designated the "side", "earth", or "ground" electrode(s).
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Spark plug spanner

Laser 12" Spark Plug Spanner with T Handle for easy removal of sparkplugs. Fits 10 and 14mm sparkplug

sockets.

tap wrench

A tap wrenchis ahand toolused to turntapsor other smalltools,such ashand reamersandscrew

extractors.

Filer

A fileis ametalworking,woodworkingand plastic workingtoolused tocutfine amounts of

material from a workpiece. It most commonly refers to thehand toolstyle, which takes the formof asteelbar with acase hardenedsurface and a series of sharp, parallel teeth. Most files have a

narrow, pointedtangat one end to which a handle can be fitted.[1]

A similar tool is therasp.This is an older form, with simpler teeth. As they have larger clearance

between teeth, these are usually used on softer, non-metallic materials.
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Related tools have been developed with abrasive surfaces, such asdiamond abrasivesorsilicon

carbide.Because of their similar form and function, these have also been termed 'files'.

File brush

A brushis a tool withbristles,wire or other filaments, used forcleaning,groominghair,make up,

painting,surface finishing and for many other purposes. It is one of the most basic and versatile tools

known to mankind, and the average household may contain several dozen varieties. It generally consists

of a handle or block to which filaments are affixed either parallel- or perpendicular-wise, depending on

the way the brush is to be gripped during use. The material of both the block and bristles or filaments is

chosen to withstand hazards of its application, such as corrosive chemicals, heat or abrasion.

Puller A cat's pawis a standardcarpenter's tool, consisting of a

round orhexagonalbar that curves at one end to form a pointed, cup-shaped tip with a V-shaped cleft

for grippingnailheads.To use the tool the user holds the tool's shank with one hand and drives the claw

around a nailhead with ahammer.When the V is firmly seated around the nail's shank, the users pull

the bar back to raise the head, then finishes pulling the nail with the hammer's claw. The cat's paw is

well designed for demolition work, but because it tears up thewoodaround the nailhead, it should not

be used for finish work.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamond_abrasivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamond_abrasivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamond_abrasivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_carbidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_carbidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_carbidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_carbidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bristlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bristlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bristlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleaning_toolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleaning_toolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleaning_toolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_groominghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_groominghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hairhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hairhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hairhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmeticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmeticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmeticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paintinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paintinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpenterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpenterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpenterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexagonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexagonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexagonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nail_%28fastener%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nail_%28fastener%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nail_%28fastener%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nail_%28fastener%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexagonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpenterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paintinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmeticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hairhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_groominghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleaning_toolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bristlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_carbidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_carbidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamond_abrasive


13/13

Bench wise

A viseor vice(seeAmerican and British English spelling differences)is a mechanicalscrewapparatus

used for holding or clamping a work piece to allow work to be performed on it with tools such assaws,

planes,drills,mills,screwdrivers,sandpaper,etc.Vises usually have one fixed jaw and another, parallel,

jaw which is moved towards or away from the fixed jaw by the screw. Without qualification, "vise"

usually refers to a bench visewith flat, parallel jaws, attached to aworkbench.There are two main

types: a woodworking viseand engineer's vise. The woodworker's bench vise main characteristic is its

integration into the bench. An engineer's bench vise is usually clamped or bolted onto the top of the

bench. The handle is usually adjustable so that it can be tightened in small places.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_and_British_English_spelling_differences#Miscellaneous_spelling_differenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_and_British_English_spelling_differences#Miscellaneous_spelling_differenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_and_British_English_spelling_differences#Miscellaneous_spelling_differenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screwhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screwhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screwhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plane_%28tool%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plane_%28tool%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milling_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milling_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milling_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screwdriverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screwdriverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screwdriverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandpaperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandpaperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandpaperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workbenchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workbenchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workbenchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workbenchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandpaperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screwdriverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milling_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plane_%28tool%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screwhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_and_British_English_spelling_differences#Miscellaneous_spelling_differences

Artifact Dissection

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