Articulation of Consonants

Töltéssy ZoltánDepartment of English Linguistics and Literature

University of Miskolc

Miskolc, Spring 2012

The International Phonetic Alphabet (revised to 2005) © 2005

IPA

The International Phonetic Alphabet (revised to 2005) © 2005 IPA

Larynx 1

1 Hyoid bone

2 Thyroid cartilage

3 Crycoid cartilage

4 Cartilaginous rings of the trachea

5 Epiglottis

6 Vocal cords/folds

7 Arytenoid cartilages

1

2

3

4

5

6 7

Larynx 2

Cartilages of the larynx

1 Thyroid cartilage

2 Crycoid cartilage

3 Arytenoid cartilages

(Source: Laver 1995:84)

Front view Rear view

Epiglottis

Epiglottis of an 18 year old female visible from outside

(Source: “Epiglottis.” In: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiglottis> Updated: 29-02-2012 Retrieved: 30-02-2012)

Uvula

Epiglottis

Tonsils

Larynx 3

The anatomy of the larynx

(Source: Roach 1991:27)

Thyroid cartilage

Vocal

cords

Crycoid cartilage

Arytenoid

cartilages

Glottis

Phonation 1

Muscular tensions in

the larynx

(Source: “Types of phonation.” In: EEG and voice quality. <http://www.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/phonetik/EGG/page10.htm> Uploaded: 1997 Retrieved: 30-02-2012 )

Longitudinal tension

Medial compression

Adductive tension

Phonation 2

Nil phonation (complete closure) 1

Glottal stop position of the vocal cords

(Sources:

“Types of phonation.” In: EEG and voice quality. <http://www.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/phonetik/EGG/page10.htm> Uploaded: 1997 Retrieved: 30-02-2012

Roach 1991:28 and Pintér 1987:14 )

Medial compression of the vocal cords

Phonation 3

Nil phonation 2

Natural breath position of the vocal cords

(Sources: Roach 1991:27—8 and

Pintér 1987:14)

Angle of c 45°

Phonation 4

Deep sigh position of the broadly abducted vocal cords

(Source:

“Artikulation (Linguistik).” In: Wikipedia, die freie Enzyklopädie. <http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artikulation_(Linguistik)> Updated: 14-02-2012 Retrieved: 30-02-2012)

Phonation 5

Articulation of /h/

(Source: Pintér 1987:14)

Angle of 10°

Phonation 6

Modal voice (the vibration of the vocal folds)

(Sources: Roach 1991:28 and Pintér 1987:14)

Phonation 7

Voiceless whisper phonation

(Source:

“Types of phonation.” In: EEG and voice quality. <http://www.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/phonetik/EGG/page10.htm> Uploaded: 1997 Retrieved: 30-02-2012

and Trask 1996:386)

Phonation 8

Falsetto

(Sources:

“Types of phonation.” In: EEG and voice quality. <http://www.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/phonetik/EGG/page10.htm> Uploaded: 1997 Retrieved: 30-02-2012

and Trask 1996:[139]—40)

Angle of narrower than 10°

Bibliography

Laver 1995

Laver, John. Principles of phonetics. Reprinted. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1995, cop. 1994. xxviii, 707 p. : ill. ; 23 cm (Cambridge textbooks in linguistics, ISSN ---) ISBN 978-0-521-45655-5

Pintér 1987

Pintér Tamás. English phonetics and phonology = Angol fonetika és fonológia. 4. kiad. Budapest : Tankönyvkiadó, 1987. 152 p. : ill. ; 23.9 cm ISBN --- J 11-890

Roach 1991

Roach, Peter. English phonetics and phonology : a practical course. 2nd edition. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1991. x, 262 p. : ill. ISBN 0-521-40718-4

Trask 1996

Trask, R. L. A dictionary of phonetics and phonology. Reprinted. London ; New York : Routledge, 1996. xiv, 424 p. : ill. ; 23.3 cm ISBN 0-415-11261-3

Webliography

“Artikulation (Linguistik).” In: Wikipedia, die freie Enzyklopädie. <http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artikulation_(Linguistik)> Updated: 14-02-2012 Retrieved: 30-02-2012)

“Epiglottis.” In: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. “Artikulation (Linguistik).” In: Wikipedia, die freie Enzyklopädie. <http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artikulation_(Linguistik)> Updated: 14-02-2012 Retrieved: 30-02-2012)

“Types of phonation.” In: EEG and voice quality. <http://www.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/phonetik/EGG/page10.htm> Uploaded: 1997 Retrieved: 30-02-2012