Art Appreciation: Art of India, China, and Japan
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Transcript of Art Appreciation: Art of India, China, and Japan
Art of India, China, and Japan
T, R, 9:30AM-10:50AMProfessor Paige Prater
Mapping it!
Asian Religious Traditions
• Buddhism– Buddha’s teaching (563-483 BCE) – life’s
difficulties>enlightenment>nirvana• Confucianism
– Confucius’ philosophy (551-479 BCE) – ethics for social order• Daoism – The Way
– Lao Zi (604 BCE) – Dao de jing: harmony with universe• Hinduism – karma, reincarnation, polytheistic• Shintoism- The Way of the Gods – respect for nature
and ancestors, polytheistic. Kami = spirits
Overview of Asian Artistic Styles
• Indian art: elaborate decoration/human body; sensual
• Chinese art: religion, heritage, and ancestors; precise, symmetrical
• Japanese art: nature; asymmetrical, organic, spontaneous, contemplative
Art of India
• Buddhist and Hindu
Great Stupa, third century BCE, enlarged under the Sunga and Andhra Dynasties, c. 150–50 BCE, Sanchi, India
Detail of East gate at Great Stupa, 3rd Century BCE
• Pilgrims: east gate, clockwise
• Stupas/gateways (toranas)= recreation of the universe in a 3D mandala pattern.
• 35’ columns• Scenes of Buddha’s
multiple lives (jatakas)
Bodhisattva Padmapani, Cave 1, Ajanta, India. Cave painting,
second half of 5th century
• 29 caves carved into a horse-shoe-shaped cliff in Ajanta (western India)
• Buddhist sculptures/paintings
• Lotus• Bodhissatva – one who
achieved nirvana but voluntarily stays to help others reach enlightenment
Indian Art: Hinduism• 3rd largest world
religion; most followers in India
• Large temple complex in northern India
• Dedicated to Shiva, Hindu god of creation and destruction
Kandariya Mahadeva temple, c. 1000, Khajuraho, Madhya Pradesh, India
Detail of exterior sculpture, Kandariya
Mahadeva temple
• More than 600 sculptures
• Sensual• Unity of
male/female represents unity of cosmos
Indian Art: ISLAM
• Mid-16th century, Mughals took over India (Mongolian descent, Muslim), ruled hundreds of years– Jahangir, “World Conqueror” (1569-1627)– Shah Jahan, (1592-1666) and wife, Mumtaz Mahal
(1593-1631)• Sufism• Commissioned artworks
– Persian– Indian
Bichitr, Jahangir Preferring a Sufi Shaykh to Kings, from the St. Petersburg album, Mughal Dynasty, c. 1615–18. Opaque watercolor, gold, and ink on paper, 18⅞ × 13”. Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C
Taj Mahal, 1631-1648, Agra, India• White marble inscribed; reflects the sun• Dome: 58’ diameter, 213’ tall
Art of China• 221 BCE – first unified Chinese
dynasty• Buddhism and Daoism• Calligraphy
– Different dialects, ONE written form of communication!
Wang Xizhi Portion of a Letter from the Feng Ju Album, mid-4th century CE, 24.7 x46.8 cm.
Art of China
• Scene from life of well-known Chinese writer: Ge Zichuan– First alchemist– Daoist
Wang Meng, Ge Zhichuan Moving His Dwelling, c.1360. Hanging scroll, ink and color on paper, 54¾ × 22⅞”. Palace Museum, Beijing, China
Art of ChinaZhang Zeduan, Along the River during the Qingming Festival, Northern Song Dynasty, 11th century. Handscroll, ink and color on silk, 10” × 17’ 3”. Palace Museum, Beijing, China
Zhang Zeduan, Along the River during the Qingming Festival, Northern Song Dynasty, 11th century. DETAIL
• 800 people, daily activities
• Right to left
Art of China
• Respect of afterlife• Tomb objects
Ritual wine vessel (guang), late Shang dynasty, c. 1700–1050 BCE. Bronze, 6½ × 3¼ × 8½”. Brooklyn Museum, New York
• Lady Dai – noblewoman from Han Dynasty
• Tomb excavated in 1972
Detail from painted banner from tomb of Lady Dai Hou Fu-ren, Han Dynasty, c. 168 BCE. Silk. Hunan Museum, Changsha, China
Art of Japan• Buddhism and
Shintoism• Chanoyu – Way of
the Tea; peace and solace, zen buddhism
• Tsumugi-ori textiles– Water, light, and
wind– kimonos
Sonoko Sasaki, Sea in the Sky, 2007.Tsumugi-ito silk thread and vegetable dyes, 70⅞ × 51¼”. Collection of the artist
Sonoko Sanaki at her loom…
Art of Japan
• 16th century tea master
• Only remaining room by him
Sen no Rikyu, Taian teahouse, interior, c. 1582. Myoki-an Temple, Kyoto, Japan