Around Glare

Around GlareA New Aircraft Material in Context

Edited by

COEN VERMEERENDelft University of Technology,

Faculty of Aerospace Engineering,Delft, The Netherlands

KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERSNEW YORK, BOSTON, DORDRECHT, LONDON, MOSCOW

eBook ISBN: 0-306-48385-8Print ISBN: 1-4020-0778-7

©2004 Kluwer Academic PublishersNew York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow

Print ©2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers

All rights reserved

No part of this eBook may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,mechanical, recording, or otherwise, without written consent from the Publisher

Created in the United States of America

Visit Kluwer Online at: http://kluweronline.comand Kluwer's eBookstore at: http://ebooks.kluweronline.com

Dordrecht

This book is dedicated to the memory of Ad Vlot

Table of Contents

Preface ix

Day 1: DEVELOPMENTS IN AVIATION 1

Keynote lecture: Harry W. LintsenFlying in the New Atlantis - and the evolution of technology 3

Response 1: Udeke N.J. HuiskampSustainable aviation: KLM’s view on ‘Flying in the New Atlantis’ 19

Response 2: Ben A.C. Droste 23

Response 3: Heinz G. KlugPleading for a vision 27

Response 4: C.A.M. (Kees) de KoningDilemmas and how to make a difference 33

Response 5: Daan Krook 39

Day 2: DEVELOPMENT OF MATERIALSFOR AIRCRAFT DESIGN 41

Keynote lecture: Eric M. SchatzbergMaterials and the development of aircraft: Wood - aluminium - composites 43

Response 1: Flake C. CampbellSome considerations for new materials integration into aircraft systems 73

Response 2: Marc L.J. DierikxWings of silver, wings of gold: Money and technological change in theaircraft industry during the 1920s and 1930s 81

Response 3: Leo J.J. KokFibre metal laminates: An evolution based on technological pedigree 99

Response 4: Fedde Holwerda 115

Response 5: Karl-Heinz Rendigs 121

vii

Day 3: NEW MATERIALS AND SAFETY 125

Keynote lecture: Jens HinrichsenThe material down-selection process for A3XX 127

Response 1: Michel J.L. van ToorenAirbus composite aircraft fuselages - next or never 145

Response 2: Jean RouchonThe way to ensure technology maturity for new materials: A contributionto airworthiness issues 159

Response 3: Patrick T.W. HudsonDesigning for risk: New materials and new approaches 171

Response 4: Peter A. KroesNew technology and safety: Some moral considerations 175

Emeritus Lecture Professor Vogelesang 185

The integration of academic education and research and development

Emeritus lectureheld on September 26, 2001at the Delft University of Technology

by

Prof.ir. L.B. Vogelesang

Sponsors 211

viii

Preface

During September 24-26, 2001, the Faculty of Aerospace Engineering of the DelftUniversity of Technology in the Netherlands organised the Glare - the New Materialfor Aircraft Conference, an international conference on the relationship betweendesign, material choice and application of aircraft materials with respect to newdevelopments in industry. Eminent representatives from the aircraft manufacturingworld, including manufacturers, airlines, airports, universities, governments andaviation authorities, were present at this conference to meet and exchange ideas - seethe group photo on the next two pages. The fact that the conference was held justtwo weeks after ‘September 11, 2001’ put things in a rather unique perspective.

The aim of the conference was to illustrate the many unique applications of theGlare family of fibre metal laminates and to provide for the exchange anddistribution of information regarding this material in order to stimulate theiracceptance and promote further application.

The introduction of fibre metal laminates into the commercial aviation market tookabout 20 years’ time. Introducing new technologies should not be taken lightly,however; the aircraft industry is by nature rather conservative and innovations musttherefore be proven – a paradox actually – in all possible ways before they can beintroduced in real aircraft structures. Not only do technical aspects play a role in thisrespect; historical, cultural, economical and political issues are equally important.So, besides the technical aspects of Glare, which were discussed in the afternoonsessions of the conference and which are published in a first book with the titleFibre Metal Laminates - an introduction, the less technical and non-technical issuesrelated to Glare’s introduction in aviation were also discussed from differentperspectives. These discussions form the contents of this book.

The conference also served as a platform and backdrop to the honouring ofProfessor Boud Vogelesang, who had long been an enthusiastic driving force behindthe development of Glare, as an emeritus of the Chair Aerospace Materials. For thisreason, his Emeritus Lecture is also included in this book.

A third book with the title Glare - history of the development of a new aircraftmaterial, which provides the inside story of the development activities in theStructures and Materials Laboratory of the Faculty of Aerospace Engineering of theDelft University of Technology, is also available.

Like the previous two books, this book is published by Kluwer academic publishersb.v. Thanks to Arno Schouwenburg once more for transforming our digital copy intoa beautiful addition to one's library.

ix

x

xi

At this point I would also like to thank the sponsors of the conference whose namesare included at the end of the book. Without their support it would have beenimpossible to hold the conference.

Also, I would like to thank the Glare Conference Recommending Committee:

B.A.C. Droste, Chairman of the Netherlands Agency for Aerospace Programmes (NIVR)

Drs. M.C. van der Harst, D.G. for Industry and Services, Ministry of Economic Affairs

Drs.ing. P.F. Hartman, Director of KLM Royal Dutch Airlines

J. van Houwelingen, Chairman of the National Aerospace Laboratory NLR

Drs. A. Kraayeveld, Chairman of FME-CWM

J. Thomas, Senior Vice President Large Aircraft Division, Airbus IndustrieDr.ir. A.W. Veenman, Chairman of the Board of Directors, Stork N.V.

Dr. N. de Voogd, Chairman of the Board of Directors, Delft University of Technology

I thank you for your confidence in both the material and the conference organisation.

A team of students, who did a marvellous job for the second time, took care of thelayout and corrections of the papers:

Ronald van der Meijs

Geoff Morris

Dort Daandels

We all hope that you will quickly graduate.

The cover design is again based on a painting by Willemien Veldhoven. It wastransformed into an artistic cover for this book with the help of Geoff Morris.

Finally, I would like to add a few remarks on a tragic event that struck our group. Afew months after the conference Ad Vlot, my colleague and co-organiser of theconference, was hospitalised. A terminal disease was diagnosed. Just before themanuscript of this book was ready Ad died on April 18, 2002 at the age of 39. Oursympathy goes out to his wife and three children. We dedicate this book to you Ad,and we thank you for all the work you did during the long period that you were withthe Aircraft Materials group.

Dr.ir. Coen VermeerenDelft, April 2002

xii