Arnold Bakker Games
-
Upload
arnold-bakker -
Category
Education
-
view
1.319 -
download
0
description
Transcript of Arnold Bakker Games
Computer games,Recovery, and Work: A Diary Study
Prof.dr. Arnold B. BakkerErasmus University Rotterdam, NL
www.arnoldbakker.com
Computer Games
• Prevalence• Every day, millions of users interact, collaborate, and form
relationships with each other through avatars in online
environments (Yee, 2006)
• MMOPRGs • Massively Multi-User Online Role-Playing Games
Computer Games
• Games enable fictional roles
• Opportunities for recovery from
work-related effort?
• Psychological detachment
• Relaxation
• Mastery
• Control
Recovery
Fritz & Sonnentag (2007)
• Basic need satisfaction
• Escape from reality
Recovery
• Physiological arousal
• Use of same energetic resources
Or Effortfull?
May depend on type of gameMay depend on type of game
• Competitive, “Killers”• Franken & Brown (1995): Motivated to put forth effort, which
costs energy
• Cooperative, “Socializers”• Cole & Griffiths (2007): MMORPGs as highly socially interactive
environments providing opportunity to create strong friendships
• Glomb et al. (2011): Feeling good by doing good
Game Types
Game length has a negative impact on (a) recovery, (b) vitality, (c) cognitive liveliness, and (d) flow when the game is competitive (vs. cooperative)
Hypotheses
Energyin the morning
Flowduring the day
Gamingin the evening
Game Type
• Diary study• 41 employees / gamers• 5 days, 3 times per day• Mean age: 27 years (SD = 5)• Various occupations• Most participants were male
Method
• Game length and type •Recovery (Sonnentag)• “Because of the activities I have done
yesterday in my leisure time, I feel recovered”
•Vitality (Shirom)• “I feel I have physical strength”
Measures
• Cognitive liveliness• “ I feel I can think rapidly”
• Flow (Bakker, 2008)• “Today, I was totally immersed in my work”• “Today, I felt cheerful when I was working”• “Today, I got my motivation from the work itself,
and not from the reward for it”
Measures
Energyin the morning
Flowduring the day
Gamingin the evening
Game Type
+
+
-
Conclusions
• Competitive games cost energy; • CGs have negative impact on work-related flow• Cooperative games flow• Games can offer opportunities for recovery; competitive games do not.
Thanks!
www.arnoldbakker.com