ARI – Armaturen ARI-Armaturen & Steam Generation ... · Straight through design or with ......
Transcript of ARI – Armaturen ARI-Armaturen & Steam Generation ... · Straight through design or with ......
ARI-Armaturen & SteamGeneration – Distribution – Consumer
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ARI-FABA Plus im Einsatz
Wärmeträgeröl und Dampfsysteme
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Steam GenerationSteam Boiler House – Overview
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Steam GenerationSteam Boiler Equipment
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► Stop Valve
► Safety Valve
► Boiler Blowdown Valve
► Check Valve
► Level Gauge
► Level Control
► Level Alarm
► Pressure Gauge
► Pressure Control
► Pressure Alarm
► TDS Control
► Sample Cooler
Stop valve with bellow seal
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FABA-Plus
FABA-Supra I FABA-Supra C
Why a safety valve?
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► Human failure
Unintentionally opening/closing from valves lead to a pressure rise in the system
► Technical failure
Electrical failure or pressure loss closes the control valve � pressure rises in the system
► Other reasons
Temperature rise in the environment cause a pressure rise in the system
Feed water control valve
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► Straight through design or with integrated bypass
► Various KVs-values
► Electric actuator for 3-point-signal or modulating 4-20mA
► Spring loaded pressure regulating vale for pump protection
Feed water control valve with pump spill back
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► These valves are characterized by an integrated bypass. This will be opened when the boiler demand requires a minimum flow rate of feed water
► Perforated plug in both ways
AB-A 100% open AB-A 48% open AB-A 30% open
Feed water tank with deaerator head
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Mixing cooler
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► Cools down the blow down water and the TDS-water generally by fresh water
► Self acting temperature controller opens by rising temperature
Steam Distribution
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Steam DistributionWater hammer
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Incorrect CorrectDrainage every 25 to 30 mDN of pocket, same DN as main
Gradient 1:100steam main
slug --> waterhammerAir vent
Draining of steam mains
Steam DistributionWater hammer
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steamCondensate
Incorrect
Overcome height differences in open terrain
Steam DistributionWater hammer
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30 - 50 m
Overcome height differences in open terrain
Steam DistributionWater hammer
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Steam
Condensate
Water Slug � Waterhammer
Steam Distribution Water hammer
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Steam Distribution Water hammer – steam to condensate
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► Das
Steam Condensate
Steam DistributionSteam bubble inside of condensate
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► Das
Steam bubble
Steam DistributionCondensation of steam bubble
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► Das
Vacuum
Steam DistributionImplosion of steam bubble
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Steam DistributionEntrapment of condensate
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Steam DistributionCondensate blocks the pipeline
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Steam DistributionSteam pushes the condensate through the pipe
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Steam DistributionHydraulic shock by redirection
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Water Slug � Waterhammer
Steam DistributionHydraulic shock by redirection
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► Velocity of saturated steam in the pipeline 20–30 m/s (72-108 km/h)
► Velocity of water in the pipeline 2–3 m/s (7.2-10.8 km/h)
Steam DistributionDrain pocket of steam mains
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Steam DistributionLine draining
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Steam DistributionLine draining
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Steam DistributionSteam header / Draining of header
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Steam
Condensate
Steam header
Steam DistributionSteam pipe reducers
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Dampfleitungen exzentrisch reduzieren um Kondensat-Anstau zu verhindern
Condensate
Condensate accumulation Condensate flows off well
Incorrect Correct
Reduce steam pipes eccentrically to prevent condensate accumulation
Steam DistributionInstallation of strainer
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Incorrect
Steam DistributionBranch connection
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Trap Station
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Trap station
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Trap station
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CONA®TD All-in-one
CONA®M All-in-one
CONA®B All-in-one
Steam traps for draining mains (lines)
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CONA-B
CONA-TDCONA-M
Steam DistributionSteam header
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Steam header
Trap station
Steam from boiler Separator
High pressure steam
Reducedsteam pressure Air
vent
Safety valve
Steam DistributionPressure control applications
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► There are many reasons for reducing steam pressure:
► Steam boilers are usually designed to work at high pressures
► Steam at high pressure has a relatively higher density
► Lower steam pressures at the point of use tend to save energy
► If condensate is continuously dumped to waste, less energy will be lost if the pressure is lower
► Pressure control can be used as temperature control in some processes � steam pressure and temperature are related
► A heat exchanger designed to operate at 2 barg will be bigger compared to a heat exchanger designed to be used on steam at 10 barg. For the same duty it may be less expensive, because of the lower design specification
► Each item of a plant has a safe working pressure. The pressure has to be reduced to the safe working pressure, if the downstream pressure is lower than the main steam supply
Pressure Reducing Station
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Self-acting pressure reducing valve
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PREDUOperating principle
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► ARI-PREDU is a direct acting proportional regulator for regulating the pressure of fluid, gas and vapour media of Fluid Group II.
► No auxiliary energy is needed.
► In a pressureless state the valve is fully open.
► The downstream pressure sensing point should be positioned at least 10x DN or minimum of 1m away from the valve.
► The downstream pressure is converted over the actuator diaphragm in a force working in the disc closing direction.
► The spring force is attained in the spindle over a pin and coupling and is opposed through the diaphragm force, therefore works in the disc open direction.
► When both forces are equal, the valve is balanced, and the downstream pressure is maintained constant.
► When the downstream pressure is altered the disc either “opens” or “closes”.
Pressure reducing valve
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PREDUSelf-acting pressure reducing station
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Pressure reducing stationElectropneumatic pressure reduction
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Pressure reducing stationPneumatic pressure reduction
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Consumer of steamHeat exchanger – Condensate control
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Consumer of steamHeat exchanger – Steam control
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Consumer of steamHeat exchanger – Steam control
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ARI steam traps for consumerBall float steam trap
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► Immediate condensate discharge at boiling temperature
► Easily accessible control unit without removing the trap from the line
► Integral large surface strainer screen
► Integral thermal air venting facility
► Check valve incorporated as standard for high performance and economy � no need of an additional check valve
► Optimum on site handling, converts easily from vertical to horizontal installation and vice versa
ARI steam traps for consumerBall float steam trap with lower capacity
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► Compact, light, optimum handling due to slimmer design concept
► Thermal air venting by membrane capsule
► Check valve incorporated as standard for high performance and economy � no need of an additional check valve
► Optimum on site handling, converts easily from vertical to horizontal installation and vice versa
Condensate Recovery
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Mechanical Condensate Pump (ConaLift)
► As condensate still have much heat energy it should be recovered instead of wasted. By using a mechanical pump or a recovery unit with either an electric pump or mechanical pump is a convenient way to recover the condensate and return it to the steam system.
Mechanical Pump
Condensate Recovery
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Mechanical Condensate Pump (ConaLift)
1. ARI-CONLIFT
2. Receiver
3. Condensate lines from users
4. Condensate return line
5. Vent for receiver
6. Overflow receiver
7. Pump exhaust
8. Motive pressure line
9. Check valves
10. Isolation valves
11. Strainer
12. Drain for motive pressure
(steam trap)
13. Pressure gauge
14. Condensate line to pump
15. Pumped condensate line
H1. Filling head
H2. lifting height
H3. Siphon height
Condensate Recovery
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Mechanical Condensate Pump (ConaLift)
• Float controlled condensate pump (non-electrical)
• For lifting fluids from low located to higher located areas
and plants with low pressure to plants with higher
pressure
• Using the motive pressure of gaseous media (principle of
displacement)
• Media for motive pressure: Steam, Compressed air, Inert
Gas (i.e. Nitrogen)
• Draining of:
• Pressureless steam and vapors
• Steam and vapor under pressure or vacuum
• Steam and vapor with varying operating pressures
Condensate Recovery
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Mechanical Condensate Pump (ConaLift)
Motive pressure valve
Exhaust valve
open
closed
Condensate Recovery
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Mechanical Condensate Pump (ConaLift)
Funktion of the valve mechanismDischarge Cycle
Motive pressure valve Exhaust valve closed
open
Condensate Recovery
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Mechanical Pump-Trap (Cona-P)
Condensate Recovery
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Mechenical Pump-Trap (Cona-P)
Valve MechanismTrap function
OpenClosed
Condensate Recovery
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Mechenical Pump-Trap (Cona-P)
Valve MechanismPump function
Filling cycle
• Motive pressure
valve Closed
• Exhaust valve
open
Discharge cycle
• Motive pressure
valve open
• Exhaust valve
closed
Condensate Recovery
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FrameFrame
Condensate inletCondensate inlet
OverflowOverflow
Pumps with
valves
Pumps with
valves
Flash SteamFlash Steam
Level probe 4-20mALevel probe 4-20mA
Opening for maintenanceOpening for maintenance
Condensate Recovery Unit with electric Pumps
ARI-Armaturen & SteamGeneration – Distribution – Consumer
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