Argumentation Skills-1
description
Transcript of Argumentation Skills-1
![Page 1: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
December 11 –Wednesday Argumentation Skills - 1
December 12 –Thursday 10:30 DR. SABINE FREIZER - "Georgia and Russia: conflicts in South Ossetia and Abkhazia” at Senate Room.
December 13- Friday 09:00-10:00 Ziyneti Özkan & Ezgi Nuray - Armenia
10:30 Prof.Knud Erik Jorgensen –Future of the EU At Çatı Restaurant
December 18 – Wednesday 14:00-14:50 Departmental Chair Prof.Aylin Güney lecture 15:00-15:50 Regular Lecture – Argumentation Skills Continued
December 19– Thursday 10:30 DR. SABINE FREIZER - "Armenia and Azerbaijan: the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and Turkey's normalization potential" at Senate Room
December 20 – Friday Gökay Çınar –ATAY ÇETİNBİLEK Russia –Georgia War in 2008
December 25 – Wednesday Argumentation Skills – Continued
December 27 – Friday NO CLASS January 1 – Wednesday NO CLASS
January 3 – Friday The Last Class Day before Final Paper Submission/Presentation – Meaning last opportunity to get feedback
January 8 – Wednesday - Around 3000 words print-out Final Paper Submission (including 300 words Abstract, At least 5 Keywords, Bibliograpy, 12 Newtimesromans Word Office format , 1.5 spaced with subheadings) ,
- Powerpoint presentation , 10 slides , 5 minutes , not more not less
![Page 2: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Argumentation Skills-1
![Page 3: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What's the Point of Arguing?
• Not stating prejudices in a new form.• Not disputation. • An argument is not simply a statement of certain
views, and it is not simply a dispute.
• " To give an argument" means to offer a set of reasons or evidences in support of a conclusion.
• Arguments are attempts to support certain views with reasons.
![Page 5: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Why arguments are essential ?
• Inquiry: A way of trying to find out which
views are better than others.
• Defend/Explain: Once one arrived at a
conclusion that is well-supported by reasons,
argument is how we explain and defend it.
![Page 7: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Understanding Argumentative Essays
• At Highschool: Learning fairly clear-cut and uncontroversial subjects. Papers only need to report them.
• At Yaşar University: The issues are often not so clear-cut and certain. Require students to question their beliefs and to work out and defend their own views. Asked to learn to think for themselves, to form their own views in an orderly way. The ability to defend views is a measure of that skill, and that is why argumentative essays are so important.
![Page 9: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Composing a Short Argument- Some General Rules
1)Distinguish premises ( önkabul/ varsayım) and conclusion: The conclusion is the statement for which you give reasons. The statements which give your reasons are ‘premises’.
2) Present your ideas in a natural order: Each claim should lead naturally to the next.
3) Start from reliable premises: No matter how well you argue from premises to your conclusion, it will be weak if your premises are weak.
![Page 10: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
4) Be concrete and concise; Avoid abstract, vague, general terms.
5)Avoid loaded language: Do not make your argument look good by demonizing the oppositing side. Beware value-laden wording.
6) Stick to one meaning for each term: Sexes are the ‘equal’ so the law should not pretend that we are ‘equal’. 7) Use consistent terms: Stick to a single set of terms to have connection between premises.
![Page 16: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Arguments by Example (in support for generalization)
8)Give more than one example: A single example offers no support for generalization.Could be atypical case.
9) Use representative examples: Even a large number may misrepresent the set being generalized. Sampling is the key.
![Page 19: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
10) Background information is crucial !
![Page 21: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
11) Consider counterexamples
![Page 24: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
12) Analogy requires a relevantly similar example
![Page 25: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Arguments from Authority (sometimes risky !)
13) Sources should be cited: 1) Reliability 2) Allow
the reader to find on her/his own
14) Seek informed sources: Must be qualified to
make the statements they make.
15) Personal attacks do not disqualify a source:
Not necessarly fit our general sterotype of ‘an
authority’.
![Page 26: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
16) Authorities on one subject are not necessarily informed on every subject.
![Page 31: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
15)Seek impartial sources
![Page 34: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
16) Cross-check sources
Before you quote any person or organization as
an authority, you should check to make sure that
other equally qualified/impartial authorities
agree.
Meaning do not soley rely on governmental
sources !!!
![Page 35: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Arguments about Causes
To be continued
![Page 36: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
December 11 –Wednesday Argumentation Skills - 1
December 12 –Thursday 10:30 DR. SABINE FREIZER - "Georgia and Russia: conflicts in South Ossetia and Abkhazia” at Senate Room.
December 13- Friday 09:00-10:00 Ziyneti Özkan & Ezgi Nuray - Armenia
10:30 Prof.Knud Erik Jorgensen –Future of the EU At Çatı Restaurant
December 18 – Wednesday 14:00-14:50 Departmental Chair Prof.Aylin Güney lecture 15:00-15:50 Regular Lecture – Argumentation Skills Continued
December 19– Thursday 10:30 DR. SABINE FREIZER - "Armenia and Azerbaijan: the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and Turkey's normalization potential" at Senate Room
December 20 – Friday Gökay Çınar –ATAY ÇETİNBİLEK Russia –Georgia War in 2008
December 25 – Wednesday Argumentation Skills – Continued
December 27 – Friday NO CLASS January 1 – Wednesday NO CLASS
January 3 – Friday The Last Class Day before Final Paper Submission/Presentation – Meaning last opportunity to get feedback
January 8 – Wednesday - Around 3000 words print-out Final Paper Submission (including 300 words Abstract, At least 5 Keywords, Bibliograpy, 12 Newtimesromans Word Office format , 1.5 spaced with subheadings) ,
- Powerpoint presentation , 10 slides , 5 minutes , not more not less
![Page 37: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: Argumentation Skills-1](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56816487550346895dd66057/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)