Are Your Guts Driving You Nuts?Are Your Guts Driving You Nuts? May 8, 2019 John Cook, PMHNP, APRN
Transcript of Are Your Guts Driving You Nuts?Are Your Guts Driving You Nuts? May 8, 2019 John Cook, PMHNP, APRN
Are Your Guts Driving You Nuts?
May 8, 2019
John Cook, PMHNP, APRN
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microbiome
biotahttps://openclipart.org/detail/284321/bacteria
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16S rRNA
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link
https://www.uth.edu/news/story.htm?id=f0700b0f-2f57-4d9d-b161-18a95a2f0140
FMT for C. diff Antidepressants and C. diff
C. diff renamed to Clostridioides difficile
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https://openclipart.org/detail/284321/bacteria
https://openclipart.org/detail/28438/germ-3c
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https://openclipart.org/detail/235128/pregnant-woman-icon-mark-ii
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https://knightlab.ucsd.edu/wordpress/?page_id=47
https://www.nature.com/articles/nm.4039#supplementary-information
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link
YouTube Follow Your Gut:
Microbiomes and Aging with Rob
Knight - Research on Aging
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pregnancy
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childhood
FMT weight gain
FMT no weight gainlink
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https://openclipart.org/detail/58171/autism-puzzle-ribbon
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Bacteroides fragilis
human autism research
antibiotics antibiotics summary
great overview
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inflammation
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brain fog FMT better
https://ubiome.com/consumer/explorer/
https://www.thehealthyhomeeconomist.com/how-to-perform-a-fecal-transplant-at-home/
D
I
Y
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abstract
⭡ fiber
⭡ butyrate
⭡ brain health
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full text
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⭡ MACs (prebiotics)
⭡ SCFAs
⭣ anxietyfull text
related link
simple carbohydrates
⭡ Alistipes
⭡ Enterobacteriaceae
⭣ BDNF
⭣ Faecalibacteriumfull text
https://openclipart.org/detail/30145/tango-weather-showers
https://openclipart.org/detail/296941/international-breastfeeding-welcome-symbol
MACs Bifidobacterium
HMOs RCT
Nestle
https://wellcomecollection.org/works/njv3mjbp
Gut Brain Axis
YouTube
Emeran
Mayer, The
Microbiome
Mind and
Brain
Interactions
https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult?img=PMC3896593_org-9-216-g1&req=4
The Second Brain
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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Serotonin_(5-HT).svg
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https://openclipart.org/detail/284321/bacteria
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Quinolinic_Acid.svg
gut produced neurotransmitters
neurotransmitter alterations
further reading
https://openclipart.org/detail/30145/tango-weather-showers
rats
micehumans
microbiota alterations
BDNFmicrobiota
https://www.michaeljfox.org/foundation/publication-detail.html?id=544
Brake
Hypothesishttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alpha-synuclein_rendering.jpeg
2008 criticism 2013 support 2017 support
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vagotomies
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rg/wiki/File:Welcome_to_Fabu
lous_Las_Vegas_Sign.svg
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high fats
diets and
colon
cancer
fatty diets
decrease
Faecalibacterium
link
microbiota variations
red meat, microbiota, atherosclerosis humans
diabetes, scroll to references
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References1. 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing for Bacterial Identification in the Diagnostic Laboratory: Pluses, Perils, and Pitfalls
2. https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/microbiota
3. An estimation of the number of cells in the human body
4. Revised Estimates for the Number of Human and Bacteria Cells in the Body
5. https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/microbiome
6. New human gene tally reignites debate
7. Introduction to the human gut microbiota
8. The Human Microbiome Project
9. Cesarean Section, Formula Feeding, and Infant Antibiotic Exposure: Separate and Combined Impacts on Gut Microbial Changes in Later Infancy
10. The Placenta Harbors a Unique Microbiome
11. Partial restoration of the microbiota of cesarean-born infants via vaginal microbial transfer
12. Human genetics shape the gut microbiome
13. Cultured gut microbiota from twins discordant for obesity modulate adiposity and metabolic phenotypes in mice
14. Gut microbiota composition is associated with body weight, weight gain and biochemical parameters in pregnant women
15. The intestinal microbiota composition and weight development in children: the KOALA Birth Cohort Study
References16. Vaginal microbes can be partially restored to c-section babies
17. Association Between Obstetric Mode of Delivery and Autism Spectrum Disorder
18. Treatment of bipolar depression with minocycline and/or aspirin: an adaptive, 2×2 double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase IIA clinical trial
19. The microbiota modulates gut physiology and behavioral abnormalities associated with autism
20. Adjunctive minocycline treatment for major depressive disorder: A proof of concept trial
21. Efficacy and tolerability of minocycline for depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials
22. The antidepressant impact of minocycline in rodents: A systematic review and meta-analysis
23. Brain fogginess, gas and bloating: a link between SIBO, probiotics and metabolic acidosis
24. Post-Antibiotic Gut Mucosal Microbiome Reconstitution Is Impaired by Probiotics and Improved by Autologous FMT
25. https://ubiome.com/consumer/explorer/
26. How to Perform a Fecal Transplant at Home
27. Butyrate, neuroepigenetics and the gut microbiome: Can a high fiber diet improve brain health?
28. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1a1 mediates a GABA synthesis pathway in midbrain dopaminergic neurons
29. Butyrate, Neuroepigenetics and the Gut Microbiome: Can a High Fiber Diet Improve Brain Health?
30. Starving our Microbial Self: The Deleterious Consequences of a Diet Deficient in Microbiota-Accessible Carbohydrates
References31. From Food to Mood
32. Digestion, absorption and energy value of carbohydrates
33. Altered fecal microbiota composition in patients with major depressive disorder
34. Breast milk, microbiota, and intestinal immune homeostasis
35. Human milk oligosaccharide consumption by intestinal microbiota
36. Gut-microbiota-brain axis and effect on neuropsychiatric disorders with suspected immune dysregulation
37. Think Twice: How the Gut's "Second Brain" Influences Mood and Well-Being
38. Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites in Humans: Disease and Healthy States
39. Gut microbiota, the pharmabiotics they produce and host health
40. Altered fecal microbiota composition in patients with major depressive disorder
41. The neuroactive potential of the human gut microbiota in quality of life and depression
42. The Gut-Brain Axis: The Missing Link in Depression
43. Melancholic microbes: a link between gut microbiota and depression?
44. The Roles of BDNF in the Pathophysiology of Major Depression and in Antidepressant Treatment
45. Heiko Braak, MD, Author of Parkinson's Staging Procedure, Honored with 2014 Robert A. Pritzker Prize
References46. Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson’s disease
47. A Critical Evaluation of The Braak Staging Scheme for Parkinson’s Disease
48. The prion hypothesis in Parkinson's disease: Braak to the future
49. Exploring Braak’s Hypothesis of Parkinson’s Disease
50. Gut Microbiota Regulate Motor Deficits and Neuroinflammation in a Model of Parkinson's Disease
51. Vagotomy and Parkinson disease A Swedish register–based matched-cohort study
52. Vagus Nerve as Modulator of the Brain–Gut Axis in Psychiatric and Inflammatory Disorders
53. Ingestion of Lactobacillus strain regulates emotional behavior and central GABA receptor expression in a mouse via the vagus nerve
54. Composition,taxonomy and functional diversity of the oropharynx microbiome in individuals with schizophrenia and controls
55. Metagenomic Sequencing Indicates That the Oropharyngeal Phageome of Individuals With Schizophrenia Differs From That of Controls
56. Gastroenterology issues in schizophrenia: why the gut matters
57. The gut microbiome from patients with schizophrenia modulates the glutamate-glutamine-GABA cycle and schizophrenia-relevant behaviors in mice
58. The microbiome, immunity, and schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
59. Schizophrenia and gut-flora related epigenetic factors
60. Correlation between gut microbiota and personality in adults: A cross-sectional study
References61. Microbial Endocrinology in the Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis: How Bacterial Production and Utilization of Neurochemicals Influence Behavior
62. Consumption of Fermented Milk Product With Probiotic Modulates Brain Activity
63. https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/DYSBIOSIS
64. Weight Gain After Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
65. Stool Donor Body Mass Index Does Not Affect Recipient Weight After a Single Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Clostridium difficileInfection
66. The immune-mediated alteration of serotonin and glutamate: towards an integrated view of depression
67. Elie Metchnikoff: Father of natural immunity
68. Randomised clinical trial: faecal microbiota transplantation for recurrent Clostridum difficile infection – fresh, or frozen, or lyophilisedmicrobiota from a small pool of healthy donors delivered by colonoscopy
69. Depression, antidepressant medications, and risk of Clostridium difficile infection
70. Clostridioides difficile (C. diff)
71. Artificial sweeteners induce glucose intolerance by altering the gut microbiota
72. Inhibition of the gut enzyme intestinal alkaline phosphatase may explain how aspartame promotes glucose intolerance and obesity in mice
73. The Gut Microbiota Mediates the Anti-Seizure Effects of the Ketogenic Diet
74. Short-term impact of a classical ketogenic diet on gut microbiota in GLUT1 Deficiency Syndrome: A 3-month prospective observational study
References75. Human colonic microbiota associated with diet, obesity and weight loss
76. The Gut Microbiota and Autism Spectrum Disorders
77. Ketogenic diet poses a significant effect on imbalanced gut microbiota in infants with refractory epilepsy
78. What is the tryptophan kynurenine pathway and why is it important to neurotherapy?
79. Conceptual Confluence: The Kynurenine Pathway as a Common Target for Ketamine and the Convergence of the Inflammation and Glutamate Hypotheses of Depression
80. Why Human Milk Oligosaccharides Are A Breakthrough
81. Similar to Those Who Are Breastfed, Infants Fed a Formula Containing 2′-Fucosyllactose Have Lower Inflammatory Cytokines in a Randomized Controlled Trial
82. Stool Donor Body Mass Index Does Not Affect Recipient Weight After a Single Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Clostridium difficile Infection
83. Leaky Gut Syndrome
84. Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-analysis
85. Acetaminophen, antibiotics, ear infection, breastfeeding, vitamin D drops, and autism: an epidemiological study
86. Kynurenine pathway dysfunction in the pathophysiology and treatment of depression: evidences from animal and human studies
87. The gut-brain axis: interactions between enteric microbiota, central and enteric nervous systems
References88. Diet, microbiota, and microbial metabolites in colon cancer risk in rural Africans and African Americans
89. Effects of dietary fat on gut microbiota and faecal metabolites, and their relationship with cardiometabolic risk factors: a 6-month randomised controlled-feeding trial
90. The Gut Microbiota Mediates the Anti-Seizure Effects of the Ketogenic Diet
91. The Gut Microbiota and Autism Spectrum Disorders
92. Gut Microbiome Associates With Lifetime Cardiovascular Disease Risk Profile Among Bogalusa Heart Study Participants
93. Intestinal microbiota metabolism of l-carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis
94. Microbiota‐dependent metabolite trimethylamine‐N‐oxide is associated with disease severity and survival of patients with chronic heart failure
95. Altered Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes: Just a Coincidence?
96. YouTube Emeran Mayer, The Microbiome Mind and Brain Interactions
97. YouTube Follow Your Gut: Microbiomes and Aging with Rob Knight - Research on Aging
References cut due to time98. Vitamin D deficiency changes the intestinal microbiome reducing B vitamin production in the gut. The resulting lack of pantothenic acid
adversely affects the immune system, producing a “pro-inflammatory” state associated with atherosclerosis and autoimmunity
99. Treatment of depression: time to consider folic acid and vitamin B12
100.Half-baked? B vitamins and depression
101.Inflammation, Sanitation, and Consternation: Loss of Contact With Coevolved, Tolerogenic Microorganisms and the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Major Depression
102.A randomized controlled trial to test the effect of multispecies probiotics on cognitive reactivity to sad mood
103.What is the tryptophan kynurenine pathway and why is it important to neurotherapy?
104.Do Cytokines Really Sing the Blues?
105.The role of microbiome in central nervous system disorders The diagram is a must see!
106.A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study of a probiotic in emotional symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome
107.Minocycline as adjunctive therapy for patients with unipolar psychotic depression: An open-label study
108.Adjunctive Minocycline in Clozapine Treated Schizophrenia Patients with Persistent Symptoms
109.Intestinal worms eating neuropsychiatric disorders? Apparently so
110.Practices and outcomes of self-treatment with helminths based on physicians' observations
References cut due to time111.Possible use of Trichuris suis ova in autism spectrum disorders therapy
112.Human helminth therapy to treat inflammatory disorders- where do we stand?
113.Oral Supplementation With Probiotic L. reuteri NCIMB 30242 Increases Mean Circulating 25-Hydroxyvitamin D: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
114.Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Does the Gut Microbiome Hold the Key?
115.Is eating behavior manipulated by the gastrointestinal microbiota? Evolutionary pressures and potential mechanisms
116.Antibiotics: Neuropsychiatric Effects and Psychotropic Interactions
117.Gut Microbial Carbohydrate Metabolism Hinders Weight Loss in Overweight Adults Undergoing Lifestyle Intervention With a Volumetric Diet
118.Gut microbiota’s effect on mental health: The gut-brain axis
119.From gut dysbiosis to altered brain function and mental illness: mechanisms and pathways
120.Putative Neuroprotective and Neurotoxic Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites Are Associated with Hippocampal and Amygdalar Volumes in Subjects with Major Depressive Disorder
121.Gut Microbiota Regulation of Tryptophan Metabolism in Health and Disease
122.Role of the Gut Microbiome in Obstructive Sleep Apnea–Induced Hypertension
123.Chronic Sleep Disruption Alters Gut Microbiota, Induces Systemic and Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in Mice
References cut due to time124.The shift work and health research agenda: Considering changes in gut microbiota as a pathway linking shift work, sleep loss and circadian
misalignment, and metabolic disease
125.The composition of the gut microbiota throughout life, with an emphasis on early life
126.The power of the microbiome: A microbe-based treatment reverses social deficits in mouse models of autism
127.Mechanisms Underlying Microbial-Mediated Changes in Social Behavior in Mouse Models of Autism Spectrum Disorder
128.Early Disruption of the Microbiome Leading to Decreased Antioxidant Capacity and Epigenetic Changes: Implications for the Rise in Autism
129.Influence of Tryptophan and Serotonin on Mood and Cognition with a Possible Role of the Gut-Brain Axis
130.Microbial Endocrinology in the Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis: How Bacterial Production and Utilization of Neurochemicals Influence Behavior
131.A randomised controlled trial of dietary improvement for adults with major depression (the ‘SMILES’ trial)
132.Gut Microbiota Regulate Motor Deficits and Neuroinflammation in a Model of Parkinson’s Disease
133.Parkinsons and Faecal Transplantation – or at least resolution of constipation!
134.Fecal microbiota transplantation for refractory immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated colitis
135.Mind and gut: Associations between mood and gastrointestinal distress in children exposed to adversity
Images1. https://choosemyplate-prod.azureedge.net/sites/default/files/printablematerials/myplate_blue.jpg
2. https://wellcomecollection.org/works/njv3mjbphttps://openclipart.org/detail/256859/unhappy-face
3. https://openclipart.org/detail/28438/germ-3c
4. https://openclipart.org/detail/284321/bacteria
5. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PDB_1owg_EBI.jpg
6. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:General_physiology;_an_outline_of_the_science_of_life_(1899)_(14596425807).jpg
7. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Illumina_Genome_Analyzer_II_System.jpg
8. https://www.edi.nih.gov/sites/default/files/blog-images/nih-logo01.png
9. https://www.genome.gov/images/content/hmp_logo.gif
10. http://www.tmc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/social-logo-baylor3.jpg
11. https://www.uth.edu/news/story.htm?id=f0700b0f-2f57-4d9d-b161-18a95a2f0140
12. https://openclipart.org/detail/280386/happy-family-silhouette
13. https://openclipart.org/detail/235128/pregnant-woman-icon-mark-ii
14. https://bcmfromthelabs.files.wordpress.com/2014/06/aagaardforap.jpg
15. https://knightlab.ucsd.edu/wordpress/?page_id=47
Images16. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Q12174_noun_5364_ccAnaFelix_obesity.svg.org/detail/28438/germ-3c
17. https://openclipart.org/detail/58171/autism-puzzle-ribbon
18. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Minocycline-from-xtal-PDB-2DRD-3D-vdW.png
19. https://openclipart.org/detail/30145/tango-weather-showers
20. https://openclipart.org/detail/206174/pill-bottle
21. https://openclipart.org/detail/296941/international-breastfeeding-welcome-symbol
22. https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult?img=PMC3896593_org-9-216-g1&req=4
23. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:6_Tryptophan.svg
24. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Serotonin_(5-HT).svg
25. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Quinolinic_Acid.svg
26. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Welcome_to_Fabulous_Las_Vegas_Sign.svg
27. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alpha-synuclein_rendering.jpeg
28. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ilya_Ilyich_Mechnikov_1913.jpg
29. https://konmari.com/
Find a job you love and
you’ll never work a day in your life.
Confucius
If you come from a dysfunctional
family and work in psychiatry,
every day is like a family reunion.
John Cook