Are You Sure You Have a Strategy?

STRATEGIC MANAGE J

5 Elements of Strategy

►Arenas►Vehicles►Differentiation►Staging►Economic

Logic

Arenas

►Where will we be active? What product categories? What market segments? What geographic areas? What core technologies What value creation stages?

►How much emphasis will each area receive? Which areas are most important? Which areas are peripherally important?

Vehicles

►How will we get to the Areas we have selected? Internal Development? Joint Ventures? Licensing? Franchising? Acquisitions?

Differentiation

►How will we win consumers in the Areas? Image? Customization? Price? Style? Reliability? Overall Value?

Staging

►What will be our speed and sequence of moves into Areas? Speed of expansion?

►Heavily impacted by Vehicles►May be different in different Areas

Sequence of initiatives?►Impacted by priority of Areas►May be impacted by Vehicles

Economic Logic

►How will we obtain our returns? Lowest costs through scale advantages? Lowest cost through scope and replication

advantages? Premium prices due to unmatched

service? Premium prices due to proprietary product

features? Fees paid as a result of licensing or

franchising?

Global Trends for Education and Research

► Growing trend towards cross border collaborations

► Intense competition for talent► Currently collaborations mainly

between US European universities and institutions or between Europe Asian/Middle East US

► Asian/Middle Eastern universities gaining prominence due to economic growth and increasing emphasis on education and research

► Opportunities for world-wide collaborations are plentiful

World GDP (%)1700 1820 1952 1978 1995 2003

China 22.3 32.9 5.2 4.9 11.1 15.1

India 24.4 16.0 4.0 3.3 4.6 5.5

Japan 4.1 3.0 3.4 7.6 8.1 6.6

Europe 24.9 26.6 29.3 27.8 23.8 21.8

United States 0.1 1.8 27.5 21.6 21.2 20.6

USSR/Russia 4.4 5.4 9.2 9.0 3.8 3.8

Source: Madison, A.(2003). The world economy: historical statistics. Paris, France: Development Centre of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

R&D

inte

nsity

(GER

D a

s %

of G

DP)

Facts & Figures

R&D intensity (GERD as % of GDP) in the major world regions 1995-2007

Collaborations

►Modes of collaborations Joint research centres and institutes Faculty exchange Joint research workshops and

seminars Joint appointments of faculty Academic programmes Student exchange

Research related

International Collaboration in Research

► Trend of coauthorship of scientific papers increasing worldwide.

► International collaboration is seen as a key mechanism for international scientific competitiveness

► Singapore, for example, has been at work to become a major Asian education and research center via international collaborations Establish an approach to attract "the best and the brightest" in

the world to their institutions Invest in world-class research centers of excellence

► Creating high-profile international partnerships ► Inviting world-class foreign universities to open campuses ► Establishing a biomedical science park, Biopolis

Future Trend?

►What will be the future flow of human resources & knowledge in the next 25 years?

USA Asia/Middle East

Europe

Asia/Middle East – Emerging Powerhouse

• Dynamic economies:-China-Hong Kong- India- Japan-Korea-Malaysia-Middle East-Singapore-Taiwan

Motivation for Collaborations Amongst Universities

► Synergistic and complementary strengths► Region possesses a wealth of biological resources

and environments► Increasing closeness of economic relations► Escalating costs of conducting fundamental

research► Similar culture and values► Geographical proximity and similar time zones► Ease and low cost of travel among countries► Expectations of more collaborations between

Europe Asian/Middle Eastern USA