CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

• Three main Arctic challenges:

o Climate

o Environment

o Society

NILS ARNE JOHNSEN, ARCTIC DIRECOR, RAMBOLL GROUP

• Buildings, transport, environment,

oil & gas, energy, management

consulting

• Leading consultancy in the European

Arctic

• 470 employees in the Arctic regions

of Finland, Sweden, Norway and

Greenland

• 11 000 employees worldwide

• 20 countries worldwide

THE ADVANTAGES OF CITIES

Social hubs

Engines of economic prosperity and development

Efficient resource and energy use e.g. district heating

Efficient transportation and high connectivity

Drivers of education and knowledge development

Waste problems

• Liveable city developments necessitate a holistic, integrated and balanced approach to economic, social, environmental and spatial developments.

• These driving forces reinforce each other and allow people and society to develop prosperously.

WHAT IS LIVEABILITY?

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FROM SILO-THINKING TO A HOLISTIC APPROACH

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LIVEABLE CITIES

RESEARCH: A CASE STUDY OF SIX ARCTIC CITIES

Nuuk

Tromsø

Narvik Gällivare

Oulu Luleå

CASE CITIES: KEY OUTCOME PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

Gällivare Tromsø

Luleå Narvik

Oulu Nuuk 7

ECONOMY – KEY RESULTS

THE ARCTIC SITUATION

• Different growth experiences with different “drivers”: natural resources; knowledge intensive growth, public sector investments etc.

• Arctic trends and emerging opportunities create new business opportunities.

• Tourism seems like a growing sector with large potential

A diversified economic base, with a good private sector and support for business makes cities more robust, and able to attract investments :

Tromsø – becoming a successful knowledge city - but still less adapted to private business, Potential: new partnerships between public/private/research institutions

Gällivare - driven by but also dependent on the mining sector, making the city vulnerable to fluctuations in price and demand – and less attractive for external investments.

RECOMMENDATIONS ON CITY STRATEGIES

Growth regional level

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SOCIETY – KEY RESULTS

THE ARCTIC SITUATION

• Population growth varies among cities. Different centre/periphery dynamics and availability of jobs and education.

• Population outflow is a serious challenge – in particular for youth and women.

• Rate of higher education levels is also an issue.

• Indigenous communities / increasing diversity

Tromsø Narvik Gällivare

Luleå Oulu Nuuk

Strategies for retaining population is key for sustainable societies Education is key to knowledge intensive cities (Tromsø, Luleå and Oulu). But also to peripheral cities

(education partnerships of Gällivare). A future potential in the use of ICT

Effectively branding the city to attract residents and business Tromsø: cultural vibe and nature possibilities – Gällivare:The Arctic world class city

Seeing and working with indigenous groups and diversity as a resource for the city Tromsø experiences - and a recent partnership with Sami community

-4,9%

3,7%

0,2% 13,7%

13,8% 13,2% Pyramid: Age distribution Population growth (%)

RECOMMENDATIONS ON CITY STRATEGIES

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URBAN PLANNING THE ARCTIC SITUATION • Marked by the long distances in

the Arctic, some cities are more challenged than others. For many cities this is a focus area

• ICT infrastructure is well developed - Nuuk is the most challenged

• Urban planning is a focus for

Tromsø and Gällivare –both are challenged in terms of housing and long-term planning

URBAN PLANNING

Flight

Train

Sea Major international airline hub Low frequency Medium frequency High frequency

Long term urban planning that aims to ensure cohesive , liveable cities that are well connected externally and internally. At its best, urban planning involves citizens and meets their needs. ICT is also key to connecting cities externally Gällivare: Although challenged - now in a defining moment with new city plan - relocation of citizens and development

of city centre. Tromsø: In recent decades, a strategic focus on condensing the city around a centre. In other aspects, city planning is

more ad hoc and presently city is facing a housing challenge.

RECOMMENDATIONS ON CITY STRATEGIES

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ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE

GGH / capita

THE ARCTIC SITUATION • Although all cities are based in the

Arctic region, climate varies, due to the Gulf Stream among other factors

• Focus on environment and climate as integrated part of decision making.

• 3 out of 6 case cities have low green

house gas emissions. 1 city stands out with a high level of emissions – due to steel industry.

Green growth strategies are key to ensure long term sustainable growth and brand the city as attractive for resourceful citizens Focus cities have environmental strategies, but have not implemented ambitious and coherent green growth

measures. Challenges in some cities with a difficult choice between industry and sustainable green solutions. Although difficult

cities need to follow the path of green growth to ensure long-term sustainability and a city that is attractive. Key green growth strategies would include influencing the energy consumption and CO2 emissions; adapting to

climate change, managing pollution, development of "green" infrastructure and "green" services

CITY STRATEGIES AND BEST PRACTICE

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GOVERNANCE

THE ARCTIC SITUATION

• Cities are all governed by City councils. Compared to other cities globally the governance models are mature and professional.

• Tromsø recently introduced a parliamentary system as part of involving citizens mores.

• Cities part of a larger institutional set-up at regional, national and supra-national level

Long term strategic decision making and strong leadership is vital for long term sustainable growth:

challenges not well solved. For Gällivare, the challenge of promoting a secondary economic sector.

In Tromsø, a recent change towards a parliamentary system is hoped to improve long term planning and political vision

Engaging citizens in decisions and development of services is highly recommendable: E.g. Gällivare carried out a consultation among youngsters in connection with the new city planning

RECOMMENDATIONS ON CITY STRATEGIES

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LOOKING FORWARD: RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS

• Exploring new opportunities – for business, innovation and partnerships arising from global shifts in climate and power.

• Developing tourism – an opportunity not sufficiently explored

• City branding: Arctic world class cities – finding the right city brand to make cities attractive for new residents and business

• Extending infrastructure, ICT and communication – to further connect Arctic cities with the outside world

• Engaging and motivating Arctic citizens in developing their cities

• Arctic indigenous communities and diversity: a resource

• Encouraging learning between cities: E.g. Arctic city networks

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• Understand the Arctic

• Analyze the society

• Most “company towns” are not sustainable in the long term

• Because of the Arctic being sparsely populated this goes for most

of the settlements, town and cities

• Be present locally and use local services in all phases of the

project

• Define stakeholders and collaborate at the earliest possible time

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

• Investment in infrastructure for your own business purpose

• Facilitation of this infrastructure for other purposes

• Contribute to local business development - not only for your own

business sector

• Contribute to educational initiatives - not only in your own

business sector

COUNTERACTING THE DISADVANTAGES OF COMPANY TOWNS

NORWAY MINING IN THE NORTH: BIEDJOVAGGI CASE

• Previously mining in 1970ies and 1990ies, last by Outokumpu

• Copper and gold

• Kautokeino municipality, geographically the largest in Norway

• Population 2 900

• Unemployment rate is among highest in Norway: 3,9 %

• Municipality politicians votet NO to assessment programs three times

BIEDJOVAGGI

THANK YOU! NILS.ARNE.JOHNSEN@RAMBOLL.NO