Architecture Terms and Ideas · A wide, low-pitched gable surmounting the faç ade of a building in...
Transcript of Architecture Terms and Ideas · A wide, low-pitched gable surmounting the faç ade of a building in...
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Architecture Terms and Ideas
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Major Architectural InfluencesHistorically, our architecture has been derived from & is derivative of
More recently
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The face of a building, especially the principal face.
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Arch Terms
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a series of arches
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decorative with no actual openings
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arch formed by concentric arches set within one another
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The central wedge-shaped stone of an arch that locks its parts together
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an arched ceiling
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Entryway Terms
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a central arched section flanked by two narrow rectangular sections
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A wide, low-pitched gable surmounting the faç ade of a building in the Grecian style
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A porch or walkway with a roof supported by columns, often leading to the entrance of a
building
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A carriage entrance leading through a building or wall into an inner courtyard
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Brick and Stone Terms
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bond (horizontal)
and bond (vertical)
rows (called courses).
Brick Patterns
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Stone Terms
: Squared-off blocks of stone used in building
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: exposed corner masonry
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Masonry cut in large blocks separated by deep joints, used to give a bold, exaggerated look to the lower part
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Columns and Supports
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A projection from a vertical surface providing structural or visual support under cornices,
balconies, or any other overhanging member
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Buttress and buttress
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the head of a column
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A decorative motif consisting of a series of uniform,
usually vertical grooves
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Column: fluted and flowery
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Column: fluted and plain
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Column: fluted and scrolled
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Column: no fluting and plain
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Roofs and Towers
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A bell tower, especially one attached to a building
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A beam, girder, truss, or other structural member which projects beyond its supporting wall or column
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A small dome set on a circular or polygonal
base or resting on pillar
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lower edge of a roof of a building which overhangs the
side
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The generally triangular section of wall at the end of a pitched roof, occupying the space between the two
slopes of the roof
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A two-sided roof with a double slope on each side, the lower slope having the steeper pitch.
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A four-sided roof having sloping ends and sides.
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A four-sided roof having a double slope on all sides, with the lower slope much steeper than the upper.
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A tall tower forming the superstructure of a building, such as a church or temple, and usually surmounted by a spire.
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A flat roof that slopes in one direction and may lean against another wall or building
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A small tower or tower-shaped projection on a building
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Also called Captain's walk
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Ornamental Features
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(one) and (a row or a railing)
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(castle)
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panel or tablet, often in round or oval form, often for an inscription or coat of arms
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Molding
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Attached to a wall by being partly
embedded or bonded to it
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Any sculptured or richly ornamented band in a building
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Having a wooden framework, often exposed, with plaster, brick, stone, or other masonry
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horizontal molding
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An ornamental bracket in the form of a block or scroll supporting the cornice.
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A rectangular column with a capital and base, projecting only slightly from a wall as an
ornamental motif.
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A twisted or spiral decorative strip used for ornamentation or finishing
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Any molding ornament in which the design is continuous in intertwined or flowing lines
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or pediment
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Window Terms
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small balcony
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(rounded bay window)
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: it rolls out on one side
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(oculus, bull’s eye, ox eye)
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roof window
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two windows, one on top of each other
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shaped like the top of a lance (spear)
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criss-crossed
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A vertical slit for archers in medieval fortification walls
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window
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a large window that is divided into three parts
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horizontal window above a door
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window
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Landscaping Elements
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Walkways and driveways: bluestone, flagstone, pavers (dry-laid or
mortared) and gravel
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Walls: Fieldstone, Engineered, Mortared
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Vegetation
Flowers: Perennials (come back each year) and Annuals (last all summer, but die with first frost)Plants and Shrubs: EvergreensTrees: oaks, maples, dogwood, pine…Grasses: (ornamental and the regular kind)Ground cover: Pachysandra, Ivy, and Myrtle
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Lattices and ArborsSculptureFencesFountainsLighting
Sculptural Elements