Architectural Design with Radiant Systems -...

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Architectural Implications of Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA Radiant Energy Seminar 10/16/2013 1 Architectural Design with Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA Principal, EHDD October 16, 2013 Chartwell School Heating only Gypcrete topping slab with linoleum & carpet Individual CO2 controlled fans at classrooms Net Zero Electrical

Transcript of Architectural Design with Radiant Systems -...

Architectural Implications of Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA

Radiant Energy Seminar ‐ 10/16/2013 1

Architectural Design with Radiant Systems

Scott Shell, FAIAPrincipal, EHDD

October 16, 2013

Chartwell School

• Heating only• Gypcrete topping slab with linoleum & carpet• Individual CO2 controlled fans at classroomsNet Zero Electrical

Architectural Implications of Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA

Radiant Energy Seminar ‐ 10/16/2013 2

Architectural Implications of Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA

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Architectural Implications of Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA

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Marin Country Day School

• Heating/cooling via cooling tower & TES• Radiant tubes in structural slab + carpet• Natural ventilationNet Zero Electrical

Architectural Implications of Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA

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Architectural Implications of Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA

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Architectural Implications of Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA

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Architectural Implications of Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA

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Architectural Implications of Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA

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M a r i n C o u n t r y D a y S c h o o l

IDeAs Z2 Office Remodel

• Ground source heat pump heating/cooling• Radiant tubes in exposed concrete topping slab• DOAS ventilationZero Energy Test Bed

Architectural Implications of Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA

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Architectural Implications of Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA

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Architectural Implications of Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA

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Architectural Implications of Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA

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Occupant comfort is:

50% radiation

30% air movement / air temperature

20% evaporation

Radiant floor heating and cooling

Global Ecology Laboratory

• Heating/cooling via night sky with TES• Radiant tubes in structural slab• Exposed slab in labs, carpet in offices• Natural ventilation in offices; DOAS in labsZero Energy Test Bed

Architectural Implications of Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA

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Architectural Implications of Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA

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Architectural Implications of Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA

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Exploratorium at Pier 15

• Heating/cooling via bay water heat exchange• Radiant tubes in exposed concrete topping slab• DOASZero Energy Test Bed

Architectural Implications of Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA

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Design as efficient a building as possible.

Bay Water Cooling

Architectural Implications of Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA

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THE EXPLORATORIUM

bay water heating and coolingradiant floors throughouthigh performance glassdaylightingrainwater collection and roof runoff filtrationproximity to public transport

EHDD NZE Building Energy Intensity

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Occupant Satisfaction

Acoustics Airquality LightingThermal Comfort Overall

Chartwell 80 99 92 98 86

Global Ecology 77 99 61 97 98

IDeAs 30 97 95 96 88

Kavli 85 98 92 72 87

Mills A 93 82 84 90

CSUMB 65 77 42 29 66

SMPL 61 68 65 43 72

Merced 61 76 71 28 28

Radiant

CBE Survey

Acoustics Airquality LightingThermal Comfort Overall

Chartwell 80 99 92 98 86

Global Ecology 77 99 61 97 98

IDeAs 30 97 95 96 88

Kavli 85 98 92 72 87

Mills A 93 82 84 90

Packard 81 97 85 96 95

SMPL 61 68 65 43 72

Merced 61 76 71 28 59

DOAS Ventilation

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Benefits

• Eliminating/reducing ducts= higher ceilings= better daylighting= less suspended acoustic tile ceilings= potential to expose structure

• Improved comfort due to more precise control of mean radiant temperature

• Reduced transport energy for removing or adding heat gain from the space

Benefits

• Improved comfort due to:

– more precise control of mean radiant temperature

– Separate control for temp and ventilation (DOAS

– Works well with natural ventilation

• Minimizes mechanical noise

– (sometimes too quiet)

• Reduced fan energy

Architectural Implications of Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA

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Challenges

• Capacity of a thermally active floor is limited

– Must manage heat gain

• Slow response time for in-slab radiant

• Carpet limits effectiveness of radiant cooling

• Hard surfaces requires attention to acoustics

• Changes to floor plan or zones constrained by manifolds and embedded tubes

Ideal Building Types

• Museums, concourses and other open spaces

• Hotels and multi-family housing

• Buildings with very low internal heat gains, less than 7-8 Btu/ft² (double this for ceiling panels)

• Buildings with significant solar gains on the floor that can be mitigated by embedded tubes.

Architectural Implications of Radiant Systems Scott Shell, FAIA

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Challenging Building Types

• Multi-tenant offices or retail where tenant boundaries frequently change

• Functions that need precise acoustical environment

• Spaces with irregular schedules (lag time)

• Buildings with significant internal heat gains such as laboratories, hospitals and restaurants

Scott Shell, [email protected]