Architects' Lists

8/14/2019 Architects' Lists

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Bulacan State UniversityCollege of Architecture and Fine Arts

THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE 2

( )TOA 123

LIFE AND WORKSOF

IMPORTANT ARCHITECTS

Presented by:NOEMI G. CHAN


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page

Introduction 3

Antonio Gaudi 4-14

Frank Lloyd Wright 15- 24

Richard Meier 25- 33

Appendix 34-35

References 36-37


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Modern architecture

Modern Architecture the buildings and building practices of the late 19th and the 20th centuries. The history of modernarchitecture encompasses the architects who designed those buildings, stylistic movements, and the technology andmaterials that made the new architecture possible. Modern architecture originated in the United States and Europe andspread from there to the rest of the world.

Modern architects reacted against the architecture of the 19th century, which they felt borrowed too heavilyfrom the past. They found this architecture either oppressively bound to past styles or cloyingly picturesqueand eclectic. As the 20th century began they believed it was necessary to invent an architecture thatexpressed the spirit of a new age and would surpass the styles, materials, and technologies of earlierarchitecture. This unifying purpose did not mean that their buildings would be similar in appearance, northat architects would agree on other issues.

The aesthetics (artistic values) of modern architects differed radically. Some architects, enraptured by thepowerful machines developed in the late 19th century, sought to devise an architecture that conveyed thesleekness and energy of a machine. Their aesthetic celebrated function in all forms of design, fromhousehold furnishings to massive ocean liners and the new flying machines. Other architects, however,found machine-like elegance inappropriate to architecture. They preferred an architecture that expressed,not the rationality of the machine, but the mystic powers of human emotion and spirit.


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Antonio gaudi Bibliography


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Antoni Gaud(1852-1926)

Born June 25, 1852, in Reus, Catalonia,

Antoni Gaud i Cornet was the son of a coppersmith.

He attended the School of Architecture in Barcelona (1874-1878),the city where he spent his life.

Barcelona-Where Antonio Gaudi spent his lifeand finished his occupation


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As a student he was already involved in several building projects.

Such as:Casa Vicens (1878-1880), a private home in Barcelona

Gell (1885-1889), distinguished by parabolic arches and rich ironwork

the bizarre Park Gell (1900-1914),with its stone trees, reptilian fountains, and mosaics of broken ceramic pieces

set in concrete


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Dictumsandprinciples

in lifeAntonio Gaudi


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Antonio Gaudis Theory

Based on the theory of Gaudi, he proclaims the probable idea for a certain manner that the conceptrequires a massive area and great aesthetic conditions.

v he preferred more in having an extravagant designs and materials to acquire thetrue beauty and aesthetics.vv

v he reorganized the theories based on his own perceptionvvv different proposed theory on designing, he actually show his feelings in acquiringfunctional design, such as the bone structure in his own building which captures ones attention.

A design may be just a temporary structure but permanent memory.- Antonio Gaudi


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Worksand

achievements Antonio Gaudi


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Park GellThe serpentine benches and other colorfulstructures in Park Gell in Barcelona, Spain,are covered with mosaics made from

ceramic pieces set into concrete. Theunusual park was designed by Spanisharchitect Antoni Gaud in the first decades ofthe 20th century.


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Antoni Gaud is one of the most creative practitioners of his art inmodern times. His style is often described as a blend of neo-Gothicand art nouveau, but it also has surrealist and cubist elements

Bishops Palace, Astorga, Spain

Spanish architect Antoni Gaud undertookthe design of the bishops palace in Astorga, near Len, Spain.Six years later, following the bishops death,he abandoned construction of this building,which was designed in the architects own version of the Gothic style.The project was later finished in a style close to Gauds original plan.


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Antoni Gaud redesign the front of a conventional apartment building in Barcelona,Spain, he produced the curving facade of the Casa Batll (1907). The organicforms--the pillars look like leg bones--and the undulating shapes link Gaud withthe art nouveau movement of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.


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The art nouveau movement in Spain is best exemplified

in the work of Catalan architect Antoni Gaud i Cornet,whose designs represent a highly personal responseto the art nouveau ideas of his time.Dominated by four disproportionately tall spires,the church appears to be a fantastical outgrowth of theearth.Floral designs cover the building faade,and broken tiles glitter on the rippling surface of the towers.


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Gauds Sagrada FamiliaThe Sagrada Familia (Holy Family) is a church inBarcelona, Spain, designed by Catalan architect

Antoni Gaud y Cornet. Construction began in1883, but the church remained unfinished duringGauds lifetime.


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Frank lloyd wright Bibliography


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Wright was born either in Richland Center, or in nearby Bear Valley, Wisconsin, and grew up largely under theprotection of his mother, Anna, and his aunts and uncles on farmland near Spring Green, Wisconsin. Hisfather, a musician, abandoned the family in 1885

Frank Lloyd Wright(1867-1959)

In addition to being an architect, Wright was also ateacher, a lecturer, and a writer. He published severalbooks and maintained studio-workshops in SpringGreen, Wisconsin, and Scottsdale, Arizona. He

published Natural House in 1954.


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Wright briefly studied engineering at the University of Wisconsin, displaying a knack fordrawing, and in 1887 he moved to Chicago, Illinois. From 1888 to 1893 he worked as an

assistant at the Chicago architectural firm of Adler and Sullivan, learning much beforeembarking on an independent architectural path in 1893.

Wrights life was spoiled by marital troubles, and the scandals connected with them petrifiedaway many prospective clients. He left his first wife, Catherine, and their six offsprings in1909, after 20 years of marriage, and went to Europe with Mamah Cheney, the spouse of aclient. Still married to Catherine, he returned to Spring Green in 1911 with Cheney. There,he built a home and studio that he called Taliesin after a Welsh word meaning shiningbrow, a reference to the buildings situation, clinging to the brow of a hill. Tragedy struck in

1914, when a servant at Taliesin murdered Cheney, her two children, and four other people,and set the house on fire. Wright began rebuilding Taliesin soon afterward.After Catherine granted him a divorce in 1922, Wright married Miriam Noel, an emotionallyunstable woman from whom he soon separated. In 1927 he obtained a divorce from Miriam.Only with his third wife, Olgivanna Milanoff, whom he married in 1927, did he find the restfulenvironment he needed to foster his creativity. Wright and Olgivanna lived at a rebuiltTaliesin, which became his studio and a center for training apprentices in his architecturalprinciples. Those who came to study with Wright at Taliesin also helped farm the land. In themid-1930s Wright built Taliesin West in Scottsdale, Arizona, and from then on, the studioand apprentices moved to Arizona for the winter.

Wright also supported himself by lecturing and writing. Among his writings are AnAutobiography(1932, revised 1943) anad The Future of Architecture (1953), a collection ofhis articles from the 1930s.


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Theoriesanddictums

in life Frank Lloyd Wright


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An architect's most useful tools are an eraser at the drafting board, and a wrecking barat the site.

Architecture is life, or at least it is life itself taking form and therefore it is the truestrecord of life as it was lived in the world yesterday, as it is lived today or ever will belived.

No house should ever be built on a hill oron anything. It should be ofthe hill. Belongingto it. Hill and house should live together each the happier for the other.

The tall modern office building is the machine pure and simple...the engine, the motorand the battleship are the works of art of the century

Frank Lloyd Wright said these as his principle s in life:

An expert is a man who has stopped thinking. Why should he think? He is an expert.

Chewing gum for the eyes.


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Worksand

achievements Frank Lloyd Wright


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A continuous narrow band of windows beneath the overhanging,roof repeats the horizontal lines of the house as does the

.series of doors on the floor below In many of his windows

Wright used glass with colored panes and leading to produce,patterns often of wheat or other plants that grow on the.prairie

-At the center of the roof a broad fireplace chimney block,separates the front and back sections of the house andthe.living room from the dining room on the main floor The

central hearth around which the family gathers is a key.feature of Wright's prairie houses

The long limestone sills echo the horizontal lines of.house and prairie Planters at the ends hold ornamental

.grasses and other prairie plants

Frederick C. RobieHouse(1906-09)Chicago, Illinois-The finest expression ofthe Prairie house style


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Hills/DeCaro HouseAmerican architect Frank Lloyd Wright, a pioneer of modern architecture,lived and worked in the Chicago area during the late 19th and early 20thcenturies. He designed many single-family houses, known as prairie houses.The Hills/DeCaro house in Oak Park, west of Chicago, is one of more than20 houses Wright designed while living in the town between 1890 and 1910.


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Fallingwater HouseFallingwater, the house designed by American architect Frank LloydWright for the Kaufmann family, is cantilevered dramatically over awaterfall. The house was built of reinforced concrete and stone in the1930s in Bear Run, near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and appears toemerge from the landscape surrounding it.


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Guggenheim MuseumAmerican architect Frank Lloyd Wright's spiral gallery design for theSolomon R. Guggenheim Museum serves as an innovative solutionto the problem of restricted building space in New York City. Other

museums were subsequently designed with variations on the spiralplan. Because of delays attributed to the outbreak of World War II(1939-1945) and rising building costs, the project was not completedbefore the deaths of Guggenheim and Wright. The museum wasdedicated in 1959

Among the best-knownbuildings of architect Frank

Lloyd Wright is the SolomonR. Guggenheim Museum inNew York City, which wascompleted in 1959. Within itsspacious interior, ramps fordisplaying and viewing artspiral upward and outward.

The galleries of the SolomonR. Guggenheim Museum inNew York City curve upward ina six-floor spiral. Designed by

American architect FrankLloyd Wright, the buildingfeatures a large glass skylightabove the center of the spiral,illuminating the artworkdisplayed at each level.


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Richard meier Bibliography


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Richard Meier(1934 - )

Meier was born in Newark, New Jersey.Meier earned his bachelor of architecture degree from Cornell University in 1957.He began independent practice in 1963, after apprenticeships at several leadingarchitectural firms in New York CityDavis, Brodie and Wisnieski; Skidmore, Owings andMerrill; and Marcel Breuer and Associates.He taught architecture at the Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art from1963 to 1973And later, taught at other prestigious institutions, including Yale, Harvard, and Princetonuniversities.They established themselves as leaders in avant-garde architecture when they publishedtheir work in the book Five Architects in 1975.Although their individual styles soon diverged, for a time they came to be known as the NewYork Five, or whites, for the color that predominated in their buildings.

Flag of NewJersey whereMeier lived


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Meiers initial recognition during the 1970s came from designs for severalhouses, notably the Smith House (1967) on the seaside in Darien, Connecticut,

and the Douglas House (1973) on a steep hillside in Harbor Springs, Michigan.The visitor enters the Douglas House by a bridge that leads to the top level of athree-story living room; from the first floor of this dramatic glassed-in space, aseries of exterior staircases lead down to a river below.Bigger commissions followed, including:The Bronx Developmental Center (1976-1977) in New York City;The Atheneum (1978-1979) in New Harmony, Indiana

The High Museum of Art (1983) in Atlanta, Georgia.As his reputation grew internationally, Meier designed buildings in Italy, Germany,Spain, in the Netherlands, and Switzerland.In 1995, a new city hall and central library designed by Meier were completed inThe Hague, The Netherlands. With the soaring, light-filled Jubilee Church (1996-2003) in Rome, Italy, Meier demonstrated his ability to create a powerful sacredspace

In the late 1960s Meier becameassociated with architects PeterEisenman (whom he had met at Cornell),John Hejduk, Michael Graves, andCharles Gwathmey, who all shared hisinterest in the ordered forms of LeCorbusier.

Le Corbusier


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Theoriesanddictums

in life Richard Meier


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Richard Meier developed a more austere version ofpostmodernism, influenced by Le Corbusier, in hisdesigns for museums and private houses

He preferred more in developing museums rather than anytype of building.It is because the way that the museum is build, larger people

acquire their knowledge into it.

Glasses are made as windows to connote different blend tothe feelings of the users, as well, to provide manageableviews in it.

He also preferred on having a white-coloredstructure and handle a nice, and gentle views.

Having an artistic mind is better than having good qualities of sight- Richard Meier


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Worksand

achievements Richard Meier


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High Museum of Art, AtlantaThe High Museum of Art, in Atlantas midtown arts district,houses European, American, and African painting andsculpture. Founded in 1926, the Highs collections weregiven a postmodern home, designed by Richard Meier, in1983.


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City Hall, The HagueAmerican architect Richard Meier designed a city hall forThe Hague in The Netherlands, which opened in 1995. Aglass-roofed public area, known as the citizens hall,shown here, stands at the center of the building. Twowings holding offices form the sides. The Hagues cityhall also houses municipal archives and the central

library.


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Museum of Contemporary Art, BarcelonaThe Museum of Contemporary Art in Barcelona, Spain,opened in 1995. It was designed by American architectRichard Meier and features Meiers trademark white surfacesand geometric shapes.


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appendix

Life and Works of Important Architects


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Projection upon the topics:

Architects of this century had been able to acquire their knowledge and able to fix ideasin major roles.

Art Nouveau, which flourished in Europe between 1890 and 1910, was one ofthe earliest (and shortest-lived) efforts to develop an original style for themodern age. Art nouveau artists and designers transformed modern industrialmaterials such as iron and glass into graceful, curving forms often drawn fromnature, though with playful elements of fantasy. In contrast to both Perret andthe architects of the Chicago School, art nouveau designers were interested inarchitecture as a form of stylistic expression rather than as a structuralsystem.


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References Pictures and Informations


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Encarta Encyclopedia online

http://encartaupdate.msn.com/teleport/teleport.aspx?Lang=A&Year=2007&tname=weblinks&ty=chk&ud=681503795&ca=

http://encartaupdate.msn.com/teleport/teleport.aspx?Lang=A&Year=2007&tname=weblinks&ty=chk&ud=1741626185&ca

http://encartaupdate.msn.com/teleport/teleport.aspx?Lang=A&Year=2007&tname=weblinks&ty=chk&ud=1761501299&ca

Knowledge and Pledge of Architecture, 2nd Ed.By Jennifer Hidden

Design for This Tomorrowby GE Kidder Smith/ Corbis

Construction IdeasBy David Schertz
http://encartaupdate.msn.com/teleport/teleport.aspx?Lang=A&Year=2007&tname=weblinks&ty=chk&ud=681503795&ca=1024&vs=2007http://encartaupdate.msn.com/teleport/teleport.aspx?Lang=A&Year=2007&tname=weblinks&ty=chk&ud=681503795&ca=1024&vs=2007http://encartaupdate.msn.com/teleport/teleport.aspx?Lang=A&Year=2007&tname=weblinks&ty=chk&ud=1741626185&ca=1024&vs=2007http://encartaupdate.msn.com/teleport/teleport.aspx?Lang=A&Year=2007&tname=weblinks&ty=chk&ud=1761501299&ca=1024&vs=2007http://encartaupdate.msn.com/teleport/teleport.aspx?Lang=A&Year=2007&tname=weblinks&ty=chk&ud=1761501299&ca=1024&vs=2007http://encartaupdate.msn.com/teleport/teleport.aspx?Lang=A&Year=2007&tname=weblinks&ty=chk&ud=1741626185&ca=1024&vs=2007http://encartaupdate.msn.com/teleport/teleport.aspx?Lang=A&Year=2007&tname=weblinks&ty=chk&ud=681503795&ca=1024&vs=2007http://encartaupdate.msn.com/teleport/teleport.aspx?Lang=A&Year=2007&tname=weblinks&ty=chk&ud=681503795&ca=1024&vs=2007

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