1. APFWMCA Andhra Pradesh Farmers Water Management Association Networking the water users http://fwmca.org/ Water Scenario challenges & action in AP

2. India water shortage nation already , many villages lack safe drinking water India ranks a lowly 120 of 122 countries in world rated on portable water quality India has 4% of the worlds water, yet availability shrinking rapidly Estimated to become a water-stressed nation by 2020 3. Food security increased in past 30 yrs significantly yet, Water withdrawals for irrigation represent 66 % of the total withdrawals and up to 90 % in arid regions Rest 34 % being used by domestic households (10 %), industry (20 %), or evaporated from reservoirs (4 %) 4. Need of the hour-Water Security Food security, Nutrition security, Energy security! Prime focus now needs to be ..? Water security 20th centuryoil ruled the globe 21st centurywater will rule the globe 5. Average annual rainfall 500 mm(SW) to 1,100 mm (NE) Total annual yield of surface water (rivers) is assessed at 2,746 tmc Major contributing rivers are Godavari (54%), Krishna and Penna rivers The replenishable groundwater in the State is assessed at 1,068 tmc The current utilization of water for irrigation is 2268 tmc The water required by 2025 for irrigation is estimated at 3,814 tmc 6. Some Relevant Facts - AP 27.5 million ha geographical area; Net cropped area 11.5 million ha Irrigation potential around 11.3 million ha , Irrigated area 5.77 million ha Net irrigated area 3.88 m ha ;under tube wells(53% ); under canals (34.7%) ;under tanks( 12.3%) Post 2000 the Canal Irrigation is majorly emphasized upon Rice is the most important irrigated crop in A.P 7. Constraints of Irrigatory Agriculture - AP Erratic/ Irregular Rain fall Lack of Sufficient Irrigation Sources Indiscriminate Exploitation of Ground Water Increased Input Costs( fertilizers, labor) Small land holdings ( Average land holding of AP farmers is 1.4 ha ) Lack /Unavailability of Credit 8. Ground Water Crisis - AP Critical &Over Exploitation, Indiscriminate tapping & Gradual Depletion - Rice cultivation under Well Irrigated areas CGWA (Central Ground Water Authority) and SGWD (State Body) declared 80 mandals as critical ;230 mandals as over-exploited Poor & Erratic Rainfall Occurrence frequently Unregulated Pumping of Wells Increase in Wells (2.4 million) ,Increase in Irrigated area (2.6 m ha) 56% of annual ground water resources Exploited Deterioration of Ground Water Quality ( Polluted with waste from Industries, Agriculture & Domestic sectors) Fluoride problem 9. Tanks The Major Irrigatory Water Source in 1960s & 1970s; Complementary ground water recharge resource Share of Tanks decreased In 1980s and 1990s Severe Drought in mid-sixties ; growth of Well Irrigation (2.4 million) Water Resources Depletion (Gradual disappearance of Water Tanks, Ponds, Mangroves e.t.c ) 10. AP State Government launched A Massive 10 years Watershed Program for development of all degraded and waste lands during 1997 with an aim of treating 100 lakh ha of land AP State Government has constituted Water Conservation Mission during April 2001 with the prime objective of conservation and utilization of water on a sustainable basis 11. There is 20-25% gap between Irrigation potential created ( Planned command area) and Irrigation area utilized (actual irrigated area) The Government of AP is undertaking Renovation of Canals, Distribution , Field channel building to bridge the gap Water Users Association (WUAs) for Administrative Mechanism to Improve Water Use Efficiency and Productivity 12. (IWRM WATER MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Bringing the Available Water under Management Establishing Sustainable Water Management Practices and Regulation of Usage Limits Participatory Decision Making involving stake holders at all levels Coordination between District Level Administrations Diverting Water for Optimum Usages Water Usage Methodology and State Integrated Water Management (IWRM) Planning Pooling of Information for Efficient Water Management Practices 13. WUA SET-UP Chirman Vice Chiarman MC of PC Elects Elects Farmers (Land holders) TC1 TC2 TC3 TC4 TC5 TC6 TC7 TC8 TC12 President Vice President MC of WUA ElectsElects Indirect Election Indirect Election Direct Election 14. W UAs - Present Status PC DC WUA 2283 Major Medium Minor PC WUA 410 WUA 8076 Notified WUAs :10,769 15. Sl .No Name of the Project Extent No of WUAs DCs No of Farmers 1 Nizamsagar 270000 77 10 54000 2 Nagarajunasagar Left canal 975000 263 30 195000 3 Rajoli Banda Diversion Scheme 32 5 2000 4 KC Canal 286000 86 14 57200 Projects- Details 16. An Inter State Project of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh States The Anicut construction started in 1946, completed by 1958 Water supplied to 143 Km. long R.D.S. Canal to benefit drought affected area of 15 villages in Karnataka S, 79 Villages in Andhra Pradesh under R.D.S. Command D/12 Distributaries are in Karnataka & D/12A to D/40 Distributaries in Andhra Pradesh To supplement tail end Ayacut of RDS of 30,000 Acres RDS link canal was excavated by extending PJP RMC from Km. 50.266 to 56.667 to meet RDS Canal at its chain of Km. 116.00. To match the bed slope of RDS link canal with RMC, RDS Canal from Km. 116.00 to Km. 127.00 was regarded with a bed slope of 1:15000 against the existing bed slope of 1:5000 of RDS Canal 17. As per K.W.D.T. award 1973, water allocated to R.D.S. is 17.10 TMC which comprises of River flows : 10.10 T.M.C. Assistance from Tungabhadra Project Dam : 7.00 T.M.C. ----------------------------- Total =17.10 T.M.C ----------------------------- 18. STATE Andhra Pradesh Karnataka River flows 9.39. T.M.C. 0.71 T.M.C. Assistance from Thungabhadra Project Dam 6.51 T.M.C. 0.49 T.M.C. Total: 15.90 T.M.C 1.20 T.M.C SHARE OF ANDRA PRADESH AND KARNATAKA STATES 19. Mr. Kovvuri 20. Major Constraints of Farming - AP Majorly Rainfall dependent Agriculture even today Late ,irregular and insufficient rainfall ,when sufficient is for a short span, Heavy downpour at times causes crop damage Nearly 60 % Cropping land under Arid and semi arid zones Small Land holdings Human Resource scarcity(dependency on manual labor inspite of increasing mechanization) Gap between lab and land technologies and extension Mono Cropping-Rice Majorly 21. Crop Diversification (Rice/Maize) and New Technologies (System of Rice Intensification - SRI) Better management of the Whole Production Chain From Input supplies (seeds, Fertilizers, Pesticides) to Methods (Precise Farming) to Harvest (Clean Harvest) and Post-Harvest (storage) and Marketing and Value Addition Efficient Extension Systems,Mechanisation,Market Linkages Proper Irrigatory Sources provision & Efficient Water management Required measures 22. Existing cropping pattern Proposed cropping pattern 23. Marketing of Horticulture Products-Supply chain Vegetables: SUPPLY CHAIN 1 Producer Commission agent Wholesaler Retailler Consumer SUPPLY CHAIN 2 Producer Commission agent Primary wholesaler Secondary wholesaler Retailer Consumer Fruits: SUPPLY CHAIN 1 Producer Pr- Harvest contracter Commission agent Wholesaler Retailer Consumer SUPPLY CHAIN 2 Producer Commission agent Wholesaler Retailer Consumer 24. STATE INITIATIVES Andhra Pradesh Loan Eligibility Card distributed and Crop loan extended for Tenant Farmers as well Introduction of Intercropping- ground nut +Red gram and Border Cropping Adoption of Tree based Farming in Dry land like mango, Amla, Guava Promotion of SRI cultivation Promotion of direct seeding using Fibre Body drum Seeders Farm ponds with HDPE lining to provide life saving Irrigation to Standing Crops 25. RECOMMENDATION OF GROUP Larger coverage under Micro-Irrigation Adoption of low External Input Sustainable Agriculture Evolving a Farmer Friendly Crop Insurance Scheme More priority on Water Harvesting & In-situ water Conservation Promotion Reforms in APMC Act to be explored by corporate sector Direct Marketing, Private Markets, Contract farming Creation of Network of farmers SHGs Contract farming through Public Private Partnership Credit disbursal only through viable End-to-End projects Enhancement of subsidy on water carrying pipes and renovators 26. Weed removal by the WUA farmers at SWARNA project 27. Presentation on proposed modernization activities at WYRA project 28. Questions from the farmers How do farmers sell the Agriculture product? What kind of value addition will do for their agriculture product? What kind of storage facilities do you have to store the Agriculture product? How farmers will manage the machinery /equipment? Do they purchase or hire? If they pay rent, how do they manage? 29. Any progress is a result of collective efforts Thank you Water is life's mater and matrix, mother and medium. There is no life without water