Aquatic Fauna-rama
description
Transcript of Aquatic Fauna-rama
AquaticFauna-rama
Cent. Amer. Freshwater Fauna: Fishes“Primary” Freshwater Fishes (low salinity tolerance)
• Characins (Tetras)• Catfishes (especially pimelodids & loricariids)
• Electric Knifefishes“Secondary” Freshwater Fishes (higher salinity
tolerance)
• Cichlids• Poeciliids (Livebearers)
Cyprinodontids (pupfishes) Rivulids
Marine Fishes (those with wide salinity tolerance)
Characins, Catfishes, & E. Knifefishes
Cichlids
Cichlids
Poeciliids & Cyprinodontids
Kryptolebias (Rivulus) marmoratus
Marine Fishes Entering Freshwaters
Cent. Amer. Freshwater Fauna: Decapods
• Crabs• Shrimps
Central America Freshwater Fauna: Other Vertebrates
Amphibians (VERY low salinity tolerance)
• Frogs – larvae VERY important in sm. streams
• Salamanders – esp. larvae
• CaeciliansReptiles (includes Birds) (higher salinity tolerance)
• Turtles• Crocodiles and Caimans• Various Birds – waders & divers
Mammals (refer to Kleier presentation)
Central America Freshwater Fauna: Typhlonectes sp.
Cent. Amer. Marine Fauna: FishesShallow-Water Fishes - Reefs (coral & otherwise),
sandy shores, rocky shores, eelgrass beds, & mangroves
Various body shapes and a wide range of camouflage and advertisement colors.
Open-Water Fishes Usually streamlined body shapes and silver, gray,
or dusky blue color. Deep-Water Fishes - (won’t talk more about)
Various body shapes and black, bright red, or silvery color… often with photophores.
Shallow Marine Fauna: FishesCoral Reef (Food) Specialists
Butterfly FishesParrot Fishes
SurgeonFishes
Cleaner Gobies
Shallow Marine Fauna: FishesCleaner Gobies
Shallow Marine Fauna: FishesCoral Reef (Space & Food) Specialists
Damsel Fishes Bluehead Wrasse
Shallow Marine Fauna: FishesSeagrass Specialists
Seahorses
Pipefish
Lizard Fishes
Sharptail Eel
Marine Fauna: Manatees & Green Sea Turtles
Open-Water Marine Fauna: Fishes
Tuna
Sailfish
Mahi Mahi
Jack
Open-Water Marine Fauna: FishesWhale Shark
Blue Shark Oceanic White Tip
Marine Fauna: Baleen Whales
Humpback Whales
Bryde’s Whale
Marine Fauna: Toothed Whales
Sperm Whale
Grampus Killer Whale
Marine Fauna: “Dolphins”Bottlenose Dolphin
Common Dolphin
Spinner Dolphin
Spotted Dolphin
Tucuxi
Tropical Western AtlanticTropical
Eastern Pacific
COLD
COLD
VERYDEEP
Marine FaunalInterchange &
Barrier
Biogeography
North American Freshwater Fish GroupsPerches & DartersSunfishes & Black BassesN. Amer. Minnows & CarpsN. Amer. Catfishes(very few entered C. America)
South American Mammal GroupsXenarthra (anteaters, armadillos, & sloths)Didelphid OpossumsCaviomorph RodentsNew World Monkeys
N. Hemisphere Mammal GroupsCarnivores (foxes, cats, weasels, etc.)Cetiartiodactyla (peccaries, camels, & deer – camels later extinct in N. Amer.)
Perissodactyls (tapirs – later extinct in N. Amer.)Sigmodontine Rodents
South AmericanFreshwater Fish Groups
New World CichlidsCharacins (Tetras)
Electric KnifefishesS. Amer. Catfishes
Central AmericanFreshwater Fish Group
Poeciliids (Livebearers)
Terrestrial & FreshwaterFaunal Interchange
Biogeography