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APS News A P S N E W S MARCH 1998 THE AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY VOLUME 7, NO 3 Try the enhanced APS News-online: [http://www.aps.org/apsnews] P lans are now underway in earnest for the upcoming APS Centennial Celebration a year from now. A large general meeting, combining the regu- lar March and April meetings of the Society, will be held starting Saturday 20 March through Friday 26 March in At- lanta, Georgia, bringing together participants from all branches of physics in the US as well as representatives from foreign physical societies. As the largest physics meeting ever held, the occasion will provide the opportunity to honor the many great discoveries in physics in the last century, as well as highlight current ground-breaking work leading to the next century. “The Centennial Celebration is a unique event in that it will bring the phys- ics community, both nationally and internationally, together for a look back at the past and into the future,” said APS President-Elect Jerome Friedman (Massa- chusetts Institute of Technology), who will serve as president during the Society’s Cen- tennial year. “It will also provide an opportunity for the APS to make the general public more aware of the accom- plishments of physics research and the benefits it brings to society, and hence the importance of in- vesting in physics in the future.” The meeting will feature the usual technical pro- gramming covering all topics in physics with symposia on the latest results in cutting-edge physics research. However, there will also be sev- eral special symposia and events in honor of the APS Centen- nial. For instance, the APS divisions, topical groups and forums are organiz- ing special symposia showcasing both the major accomplish- ments in each discipline during the 20th century, and the many challenges and opportunities fac- ing the field in the next century. A keynote address by President Clinton, opening remarks by APS Past President D. Allan Bromely (Yale University), and the annual retiring presidential address by Andrew Sessler (LBL) are also planned. A special Centennial advance program featuring all of the planned sym- posia and details of other special events will be available to members this Septem- ber. In addition, the Centennial Steering Committee — comprised of the APS presi- dential line and operating officers — has organized a series of special plenary ses- sions featuring numerous world-renowned scientists speaking on a wide range of top- ics. These include Steven Weinberg of the University of Texas, Austin, on the phys- ics of the very large and very small; Harold Varmus, director of the National Institute of Health, on the impact of physics on biology and medicine; Joel Birnbaum, senior vice president of R&D at Hewlett- Packard, on physics and the information revolution; Mary Good, managing mem- ber of Venture Capital and former Under-Secretary for Technology at the US Department of Commerce, on physics and technology; Richard Smalley of Rice University on physics and materials; and Martin Klein of Yale University on 20th century physics and its cultural impact. Aside from the technical program, there are currently plans for a wide range of special events designed to celebrate physics, honor those who have made an impact on the discipline, interest current and future scientists, and demonstrate the importance of physics and its place in daily life. These plans include a gala Sun- day night (black-tie optional) dinner at Fernbank Museum of Natural History; a Saturday evening international banquet honoring the representatives from partici- pating foreign physical societies; a retrospective on the Society’s first 100 years; a special Physical Review exhibit; and Centennial exhibits organized by various APS units. It is also hoped that many universities and laboratories will organize “re- unions” at the Centennial meeting inviting back former students, graduate students, and past and present faculty and staff. There will also be an Atlanta-wide “physics festival,” according to Brian Schwartz (Brooklyn College), Director of Centennial Pro- grams, who chaired the 1995 Centennial Planning Commit- tee. The core program will feature several public phys- ics demonstrations for high school teachers, as well as week- day physics lectures for physics educators and students, and evening popular lectures for the general public. Schwartz hopes to supplement these core activities by coor- dinating science-related art exhibits at local galleries and museums, and organiz- ing exhibits at the local science museums. A multimedia presentation and various performances in theater, music and dance would also enhance the activities for the general public. An exhibition showcasing the Nobel Prize-winning work of approximately 75 scientists is being organized by Sherrie Preische, APS Associate Director for Spe- cial Projects. The exhibit will introduce visitors to Alfred Nobel and his legacy, with special emphasis placed on the phys- ics prizes. The major part of the exhibit will stress the impact of physics on our daily lives, demonstrating how physics ex- plores the wonders of Nature, saves lives in medicine and environmental physics, and drives technological development, closing with a look at unsolved problems for the future. There will also be a photo gallery of all Nobel laureates in physics, arranged chronologically from 1901. More than 40 Nobel laureates in physics have indicated that they plan to attend the meeting and exhibit opening, as well as participate in a special luncheon for local high school students and nationwide teachers. “Seldom have so many laureates gathered in one place, and never before have they been so accessible to the pub- lic,” said Preische of the planned activities. The Society is also developing several projects designed to enhance the celebration’s impact beyond the meeting itself, including various educational projects and tools to be used throughout 1999 and beyond. These will include: A Century of Physics full-color eleven panel timeline wall chart and website, with text, research, and organization by Hans Christian von Baeyer (College of Will- iam and Mary) and Sidney Perkowitz (Emory University); a pictorial coffee table book depicting physics of the 20th century physics; a Centennial speakers- bureau booklet listing approximately 200 APS members who are excellent lectur- ers and who are available for special university colloquia throughout the 1998- 1999 academic year; a special Centennial issue of Reviews of Modern Physics; and a photo collection of famous physicists pre- sented in CD-ROM format. There are also tentative plans to produce a documentary on physics for cable television, as well as a multimedia and video display for the Centennial. One Year Until APS Centennial Celebration in Atlanta Inside News Physicists Honored at the 1998 March Meeting .................................... 2 Eleven APS prizes and awards will be presented during a special ceremonial session at the 1998 APS March Meeting in Los Angeles, California. APS Forms Cooperative Agreement with LANL’s xxx e-Print Archive ............... 3 The APS and the Los Alamos e-Print Archive have established a cooperative partnership designed to allow the physics community to take maximal ad- vantage of the e-print archives. APS Announces Physical Review ............ 3 Special Topics Series The APS has established a new peer reviewed elec- tronic journal, Physical Review Special Topics: Accelerators and Beams. A Century of Physics ................................. 3 A new feature on the last century of physics. This month: “The Birth of an Era” and the PhD Family- Tree contest. Inside the Beltway ...................................... 5 The President delivers big time for science and tech- nology. APS Elects New APS Fellows for 1998 ........ 8 List of new APS Fellows. IN BRIEF ..................................................... 11 Call for NSF Scholar-in-Residence at NIH; Com- prehensive Test Ban Treaty; Lev Okun Honored as Humanitarian; Deutch Appointed to PCAST Opinion APS VIEWS ................................................... 4 APS President Andrew Sessler on celebrating a Century of Physics in ’99. LETTERS TO THE EDITOR ........................ 4 “Net Myths” ................................................. 4 Tracy Thompson of the Washington Post on the emergence of “Netmyths”: urban legends presented as fact via the Internet. ZERO GRAVITY ......................................... 10 Replies to invitations to the APS Centennial. Announcements ................................. 6 Nominations for Prizes and Awards New PR and PRL Editorial Board Members ......................................... 11 The Back Page ................................. 12 President’s science advior, John Gibbons, on Re- sources for Science and Technology: Investments in America’s Future. Prologue: The Birth of an Era by Hans Christian von Baeyer B y the end of the 19th century, after more than 2,000 years of intellectual struggle that began with the Greek philosophers, physical scientists had reason to believe that they were beginning to understand the universe. Their theories of matter and energy, of electricity and magnetism, of heat and sound and light, were confirmed in laboratories throughout the world with increasing precision. Experimentation was the method, and mathematics the language, of a powerful, coherent body of knowledge called classical physics. For a few years before and after the turn of the century, the world was taking a breather from war and rebellion. The monumental advances of science, technology and industry such as the installation of a transatlantic telegraph cable inspired hopes for a peaceful and prosperous future. But beneath the calm surface, in politics as well as in science, the roots of future turmoil were quietly gathering. Even the sturdy foundations of classical physics were developing alarming cracks. Some discrepancies were found when experiments disagreed with theory. Perhaps the most unsettling of these was the failure to discover the ether. Classical physics seemed to require that the universe be filled with an invisible universal medium, the ether, to carry light waves the way air transmits sound waves. In July 1887, an ingenious experiment designed to detect this hypothetical fluid was performed in a Celebrate a Century of Physics 1899-1999 (continued on page 3) Months to Go Marie Curie 12 12 Months to Go Photo courtesy of Neils Bohr Library A Century of Physics A Century of Physics
Transcript of APS News A P S N E W S · APS News A P S N E W S MARCH 1998 THE AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY VOLUME 7,...
APS NewsA P S N E W SMARCH 1998 THE AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY VOLUME 7, NO 3
Try the enhanced APS News-online: [http://www.aps.org/apsnews]
Plans are now underway in earnestfor the upcoming APS CentennialCelebration a year from now. A
large general meeting, combining the regu-lar March and April meetings of theSociety, will be held starting Saturday 20March through Friday 26 March in At-lanta, Georgia, bringing togetherparticipants from all branches of physicsin the US as well as representatives fromforeign physical societies. As the largestphysics meeting ever held, the occasionwill provide the opportunity to honor themany great discoveries in physics in thelast century, as well as highlight currentground-breaking work leading to the nextcentury.
“The Centennial Celebration is aunique event in that it will bring the phys-ics community, both nationally andinternationally, together for a look back atthe past and into the future,” said APSPresident-Elect Jerome Friedman (Massa-chusetts Institute of Technology), who willserve as president during the Society’s Cen-tennial year. “It will also provide anopportunity for the APS to make thegeneral public more aware of the accom-plishments of physics research and thebenefits it brings to society, and hence the
importance of in-vesting in physicsin the future.”
The meetingwill feature theusual technical pro-gramming coveringall topics in physicswith symposia onthe latest results incutting-edge physicsresearch. However,there will also be sev-eral special symposiaand events in honorof the APS Centen-nial. For instance,the APS divisions,topical groups andforums are organiz-ing special symposiashowcasing both themajor accomplish-ments in eachdiscipline during the 20th century, and themany challenges and opportunities fac-ing the field in the next century. Akeynote address by President Clinton,opening remarks by APS Past PresidentD. Allan Bromely (Yale University), andthe annual retiring presidential addressby Andrew Sessler (LBL) are alsoplanned. A special Centennial advanceprogram featuring all of the planned sym-posia and details of other special eventswill be available to members this Septem-ber.
In addition, the Centennial SteeringCommittee — comprised of the APS presi-dential line and operating officers — hasorganized a series of special plenary ses-sions featuring numerous world-renownedscientists speaking on a wide range of top-ics. These include Steven Weinberg of theUniversity of Texas, Austin, on the phys-ics of the very large and very small; HaroldVarmus, director of the National Instituteof Health, on the impact of physics onbiology and medicine; Joel Birnbaum,senior vice president of R&D at Hewlett-Packard, on physics and the informationrevolution; Mary Good, managing mem-ber of Venture Capital and formerUnder-Secretary for Technology at the USDepartment of Commerce, on physicsand technology; Richard Smalley of RiceUniversity on physics and materials; andMartin Klein of Yale University on 20thcentury physics and its cultural impact.
Aside from the technical program,there are currently plans for a wide rangeof special events designed to celebratephysics, honor those who have made animpact on the discipline, interest currentand future scientists, and demonstrate theimportance of physics and its place indaily life. These plans include a gala Sun-day night (black-tie optional) dinner atFernbank Museum of Natural History; aSaturday evening international banquethonoring the representatives from partici-pating foreign physical societies; aretrospective on the Society’s first 100years; a special Physical Review exhibit;and Centennial exhibits organized byvarious APS units. It is also hoped that
many universitiesand laboratorieswill organize “re-unions” at theCentennial meetinginviting back formerstudents, graduatestudents, and pastand present facultyand staff.
There will alsobe an Atlanta-wide“physics festival,”according to BrianSchwartz (BrooklynCollege), Director ofCentennial Pro-grams, who chairedthe 1995 CentennialPlanning Commit-tee. The coreprogram will featureseveral public phys-ics demonstrations
for high school teachers, as well as week-day physics lectures for physics educatorsand students, and evening popular lecturesfor the general public. Schwartz hopes tosupplement these core activities by coor-dinating science-related art exhibits atlocal galleries and museums, and organiz-ing exhibits at the local science museums.A multimedia presentation and variousperformances in theater, music and dancewould also enhance the activities for thegeneral public.
An exhibition showcasing the NobelPrize-winning work of approximately 75scientists is being organized by SherriePreische, APS Associate Director for Spe-cial Projects. The exhibit will introducevisitors to Alfred Nobel and his legacy,with special emphasis placed on the phys-ics prizes. The major part of the exhibit
will stress the impact of physics on ourdaily lives, demonstrating how physics ex-plores the wonders of Nature, saves livesin medicine and environmental physics,and drives technological development,closing with a look at unsolved problemsfor the future. There will also be a photogallery of all Nobel laureates in physics,arranged chronologically from 1901.More than 40 Nobel laureates in physicshave indicated that they plan to attend themeeting and exhibit opening, as well asparticipate in a special luncheon for localhigh school students and nationwideteachers. “Seldom have so many laureatesgathered in one place, and never beforehave they been so accessible to the pub-lic,” said Preische of the planned activities.
The Society is also developing severalprojects designed to enhance thecelebration’s impact beyond the meetingitself, including various educationalprojects and tools to be used throughout1999 and beyond. These will include: ACentury of Physics full-color eleven paneltimeline wall chart and website, with text,research, and organization by HansChristian von Baeyer (College of Will-iam and Mary) and Sidney Perkowitz(Emory University); a pictorial coffeetable book depicting physics of the 20thcentury physics; a Centennial speakers-bureau booklet listing approximately 200APS members who are excellent lectur-ers and who are available for specialuniversity colloquia throughout the 1998-1999 academic year; a special Centennialissue of Reviews of Modern Physics; and aphoto collection of famous physicists pre-sented in CD-ROM format. There are alsotentative plans to produce a documentaryon physics for cable television, as well asa multimedia and video display for theCentennial.
One Year Until APS Centennial Celebration in Atlanta
Inside�NewsPhysicists Honored at the1998 March Meeting .................................... 2
Eleven APS prizes and awards will be presentedduring a special ceremonial session at the 1998APS March Meeting in Los Angeles, California.
APS Forms Cooperative Agreementwith LANL’s xxx e-Print Archive ............... 3
The APS and the Los Alamos e-Print Archive haveestablished a cooperative partnership designed toallow the physics community to take maximal ad-vantage of the e-print archives.
APS Announces Physical Review ............ 3Special Topics Series
The APS has established a new peer reviewed elec-tronic journal, Physical Review Special Topics:Accelerators and Beams.
A Century of Physics ................................. 3A new feature on the last century of physics. Thismonth: “The Birth of an Era” and the PhD Family-Tree contest.
Inside the Beltway ...................................... 5The President delivers big time for science and tech-nology.
APS Elects New APS Fellows for 1998 ........ 8List of new APS Fellows.
IN BRIEF ..................................................... 11Call for NSF Scholar-in-Residence at NIH; Com-prehensive Test Ban Treaty; Lev Okun Honoredas Humanitarian; Deutch Appointed to PCAST
OpinionAPS VIEWS ................................................... 4
APS President Andrew Sessler on celebrating aCentury of Physics in ’99.
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR ........................ 4
“Net Myths” ................................................. 4Tracy Thompson of the Washington Post on theemergence of “Netmyths”: urban legends presentedas fact via the Internet.
ZERO GRAVITY ......................................... 10Replies to invitations to the APS Centennial.
Announcements ................................. 6Nominations for Prizes and Awards
New PR and PRL EditorialBoard Members ......................................... 11
The Back Page ................................. 12President’s science advior, John Gibbons, on Re-sources for Science and Technology: Investmentsin America’s Future.
Prologue: The Birth of an Eraby Hans Christian von Baeyer
By the end of the 19th century, after more than2,000 years of intellectual struggle that beganwith the Greek philosophers, physical scientists
had reason to believe that they were beginning tounderstand the universe. Their theories of matter andenergy, of electricity and magnetism, of heat andsound and light, were confirmed in laboratoriesthroughout the world with increasing precision.Experimentation was the method, and mathematics thelanguage, of a powerful, coherent body of knowledgecalled classical physics.
For a few years before and after the turn of thecentury, the world was taking a breather from warand rebellion. The monumental advances of science,technology and industry � such as the installation of a transatlantic telegraph cable� inspired hopes for a peaceful and prosperous future. But beneath the calmsurface, in politics as well as in science, the roots of future turmoil were quietlygathering. Even the sturdy foundations of classical physics were developing alarmingcracks.
Some discrepancies were found when experiments disagreed with theory. Perhapsthe most unsettling of these was the failure to discover the ether. Classical physicsseemed to require that the universe be filled with an invisible universal medium,the ether, to carry light waves the way air transmits sound waves. In July 1887, aningenious experiment designed to detect this hypothetical fluid was performed in a
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Months to Go
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A Century of PhysicsA Century of Physics
APS News March 1998
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APS NewsCoden: ANWSEN ISSN: 1058-8132Series II, Vol. 7, No. 3 March 1998© 1998 The American Physical Society
Editor: Barrett H. RipinNewswriter: Jennifer OuelletteProduction: Elizabeth Buchan-HigginsCoordinator: Amy Halsted
APS News (ISSN: 1058-8132) is published 11X yearly, monthly,except the August/September issue, by The American Physical Soci-ety, One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740-3844, (301) 209-3200. It contains news of the Society and of its Divisions, TopicalGroups, Sections and Forums; advance information on meetings ofthe Society; and reports to the Society by its committees and taskforces, as well as opinions.
Letters to the editor are welcomed from the membership. Lettersmust be signed and should include an address and daytime telephonenumber. The APS reserves the right to select and to edit for lengthor clarity. All correspondence regarding APS News should be directedto: Editor, APS News, One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20749-3844, email: [email protected].
Subscriptions: APS News is an on-membership publication deliv-ered by Periodical Mail. Members residing abroad may receive air-freight delivery for a fee of $20. Nonmembers: Subscription ratesare: domestic $170; Canada, Mexico, Central and South America,and Caribbean $190; Air Freight Europe, Asia, Africa and Oceania$220.
Subscription orders, renewals and address changes shouldbe addressed as follows: For APS Members—Membership De-partment, The American Physical Society, One Physics Ellipse,College Park, MD 20740-3844, [email protected]. ForNonmembers—Circulation and Fulfillment Division, Ameri-can Institute of Physics, 500 Sunnyside Blvd., Woodbury, NY11797. Allow at least 6 weeks advance notice. For addresschanges, please send both the old and new addresses, and, ifpossible, include a mailing label from a recent issue. Requestsfrom subscribers for missing issues will be honored withoutcharge only if received within 6 months of the issue’s actualdate of publication.
Periodical Postage Paid at College Park, MD and at additionalmailing offices. Postmaster: Send address changes to APS News ,Membership Department, The American Physical Society, OnePhysics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740-3844.
APS COUNCIL 1998
PresidentAndrew M. Sessler, Lawrence Berkeley LaboratoryPresident-ElectJerome Friedman, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyVice-PresidentJames S. Langer, University of California, Santa BarbaraExecutive OfficerJudy R. Franz, University of Alabama, Huntsville (on leave)TreasurerThomas McIlrath, University of Maryland (on leave)Editor-in-ChiefMartin Blume, Brookhaven National LaboratoryPast-PresidentD. Allan Bromley, Yale University
General CouncillorsDaniel Auerbach, Beverly Berger, Virginia Brown, Jennifer Cohen,Charles Duke, S. James Gates, Donald Hamann, William Happer,Cynthia McIntyre, Helen Quinn, Roberto Peccei, Paul Peercy, Susan Seestrom,Virginia Trimble, Ronald Walsworth, Sau Lan Wu
Chair, Nominating CommitteeWick C. Haxton
Chair, Panel on Public AffairsRuth H. Howes
Division and Forum CouncillorsSteven Holt (Astrophysics), Eric Heller, Gordon Dunn (Atomic, Mo-lecular and Optical), Robert Callender (Biological), Stephen Leone (Chemi-cal), Joe D. Thompson, David Aspnes, Arthur Hebard, Zachary Fisk(Condensed Matter), Warren Pickett (Computational), Guenter Ahlers(Fluid Dynamics), James Wynne (Forum on Education), Gloria Lubkin(Forum on History of Physics), Matt Richter (Forum on Industrial &Applied Physics), TBA (Forum on International Physics), Dietrich Schroeer(Forum on Physics and Society), Andrew Lovinger (High Polymer), DanielGrischkowsky (Laser Science), Howard Birnbaum (Materials), JohnSchiffer, TBA (Nuclear), Henry Frisch, George Trilling (Particles andFields), Robert Siemann (Physics of Beams), Roy Gould, William Kruer(Plasma)
ADVISORS
Sectional RepresentativesJohn Pribram, New England; Peter Lesser, New York; Perry P. Yaney,Ohio; Joseph Hamilton, Southeastern; Stephen Baker, Texas
Representatives from Other SocietiesRonald Edge, AAPT; Marc Brodsky, AIP
Staff RepresentativesBarrett Ripin, Associate Executive Officer; Irving Lerch, Director ofInternational Affairs; Robert L. Park, Director, Public Information;Michael Lubell, Director, Public Affairs; Stanley Brown, AdministrativeEditor; Reid Terwilliger, Director of Editorial Office Services; MichaelStephens, Controller and Assistant Treasurer
Eleven APS prizes and awards will bepresented during a special ceremonial ses-sion at the 1998 APS March Meeting inLos Angeles, California, to be held laterthis month. Citations and biographical in-formation for each recipient follow.Additional biographical information andappropriate Web links can be found atthe APS Web site [http://www.aps.org].
LARS ONSAGER PRIZE
The Onsager Prize was established in 1993 byan endowment from Drs. Russell and MarianDonnelly. It recognizes outstanding researchin theoretical statistical physics, including thequantum fluids.
Leo P. KadanoffUniversity of Chicago
Citation: “For his numerous and profoundcontributions to statistical physics, includingthe introduction of the concepts of universal-ity and block spin scaling that are central tothe modern understanding of the critical phe-nomena.”
Kadanoff received his PhD from HarvardUniversity in 1960, and then did postdoctoralwork at the Neils Bohr Institute inCopenhagen. He joined the faculty of theUniversity of Illinois in 1962, during whichhis research focused on understanding theproperties of matter, especially superconduc-tivity. He moved to Brown University in 1969,conducting research in solid state physics andmathematical models for urban growth, andthen to the University of Chicago in 1978,where he is presently engaged in understand-ing the development of chaos and of structuresin simple mechanical and fluid systems.Kadanoff is best known for his developmentof the concepts of “block scaling” and “univer-sality” as they applied to phase transitions.
BIOLOGICAL PHYSICS PRIZE
Established in 1981, the Biological PhysicsPrize recognizes and encourages outstandingachievement in biological physics research.Sponsors include Abbott Labs, Bio-RadMicroscience Division, Candela Laser Corp., Co-herent Laser Products Group, Eastman KodakFurumoto Research Foundation, Newport
Corporation’s Bio-Instruments Division, andSiemens AG’s Medical Imaging Group.
Rangaswamy SrinivasanUVTech Associates
Citation: “For the development of an under-standing of the effects of intense ultravioletlight on biological materials, leading to an abil-ity to ‘phototech’ tissue surfaces precisely andsafely, and for his role in developing applica-tions in angioplasty, ophthalmology, anddermatology.”
Srinivasan received his PhD in physical chem-istry from the University of SouthernCalifornia in 1956. After postdoctoral workat the California Institute of Technology andthe University of Rochester, he joined the re-search staff at the IBM T.J. Watson ResearchCenter. His research as been devoted to fun-damental investigations on the action ofultraviolet photons from mercury lamps, aswell as excimer lasers on organic materials. Hefounded UVTech in 1990.
OLIVER E. BUCKLEY PRIZE
Endowed in 1952 by AT&T Bell Laborato-ries, the Oliver E. Buckley Prize recognizesand encourages outstanding theoretical or ex-perimental contributions to condensed matterphysics in America.
Donald M. GinsbergDale J. Van Harlingen
University of Illinois
John Robert KirtleyChang-C. Tsuei
IBM/T.J. Watson Research Center
Citation: “For using phase-sensitive experi-ments in the elucidation of the orbitalsymmetry of the pairing function in high-T
c
superconductors.”
Ginsberg received his PhD from the Univer-sity of California, Berkeley in 1960 and hasbeen with the faculty of the University ofIllinois ever since. His research has been de-voted to performing and interpretingexperiments on superconductors. His majorinterests include electromagnetic absorptionand the penetration depth; the superconduct-ing coherence length and proximity effects;effects of strong electron-phonon coupling
and magnetic dopant atoms; and the motionsof magnetic vortices.
Van Harlingen received his PhD from OhioState University in 1977 and spent the fol-lowing year as a postdoctoral fellow atCambridge University’s Cavendish Labora-tory. While a postdoc at Berkeley, he workedon non-equilibrium superconductivity and dcSQUID electronics. He joined the faculty ofthe University of Illinois in 1981, where he iscurrently a professor of physics. His researchis focused on the physics of superconductormaterials and devices.
Kirtley received his PhD from the UC, SantaBarbara in 1976 and was a postdoctoral fellowat the University of Pennsylvania. Since 1978,he has been a research staff member at IBMT.J. Watson Research Center. His researchinterests include inelastic electron tunnelingspectroscopy, non-equilibrium superconductiv-ity, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, lightemitting tunnel junctions, and low-tempera-ture scanning tunneling microscopy. Since1993, he has been developing the scanningSQUID microscope.
Tsuei received his PhD in materials sciencefrom the California Institute of Technology.After seven years on the faculty of that insti-tution, he joined the research staff at IBM T.J.Watson Research Center in 1973. He madeimportant contributions to the study of prop-erties of various glassy metals, includingamorphous superconductors and ferromag-nets. His current research interests include themechanism responsible for high T
c supercon-
ductivity, and phase sensitive tests of pairingsymmetry.
HIGH POLYMER PHYSICS PRIZE
The High Polymer Physics Prize was estab-lished by the Ford Motor Company torecognize outstanding accomplishment andexcellence in contributions to high polymerphysics research.
Murugappan MuthukumarUniversity of Massachusetts
Citation: “For outstanding theoretical contri-butions to the fundamental understanding ofthe statistics of isolated chains, chain dynam-ics, critical phenomena and polymerself-assembly.”
Muthukumar received his PhD from theUniversity of Chicago in 1979 and spent twoyears as a postdoctoral fellow at CambridgeUniversity’s Cavendish Laboratory. After atwo-year appointment as an assistant profes-sor at Illinois Institute of Technology, he joinedthe faculty of the University of Massachusettsin 1983, where he is currently a professor ofpolymer science and engineering. His researchaddresses the statistical mechanics of syntheticand natural polymers, specifically the struc-ture, recognition, dynamics and transport ofpolymer molecules, as well as self-assembly andkinetics of multi-domain polymer assemblies.He is a Divisional Associate Editor of PhysicalReview Letters.
FRANK ISAKSON PRIZE
Established in 1979 and sponsored by ElsevierScience Ltd., publisher of the journal Solid StateCommunications. The Isakson Prize recognizesand encourages outstanding contributions to thefield of optical effects in solids.
Yuen-Ron ShenUniversity of California, Berkeley
Citation: “For his contributions to the basicunderstanding of the interaction of light withmatter, and for his development of novel lin-ear and nonlinear techniques for pioneeringstudies of semiconductors, liquid crystals, sur-faces and interfaces.”
Shen received his PhD from Harvard Uni-versity in 1963 and remained there forpostdoctoral work before joining the facultyof UC, Berkeley, where he has remained eversince. He was involved in the early develop-ment of nonlinear optics and their application
to studies of materials of all phases. Most re-cently, he has focused on the development ofsurface nonlinear optical spectroscopies andtheir applications to surface science. In 1992Shen was awarded the APS Arthur SchawlowPrize.
GEORGE E. PAKE PRIZE
Established in 1993 and endowed by the XeroxCorporation, the Pake Prize recognizes andencourages outstanding work by physicistscombining original research accomplishmentswith leadership in the management of researchor development in industry.
John Paul McTagueFord Motor Company
Citation: “For insightful experiments and con-tributions to the understanding of 2-D phasetransitions and orientation epitaxy; for majorcontributions in management of science ingovernment, national laboratories, and indus-try; and championing new paradigms forcollaboration, such as the Partnership for NextGeneration Vehicles.”
McTague received his PhD from Brown Uni-versity and began his research career atRockwell International in 1964, collaboratingon the first observations of collision-inducedRaman scattering. In 1970 he joined the chem-istry faculty at UC, Los Angeles, and later heldappointments at Riso and Brookhaven Na-tional Laboratory. After chairing BNL’sNational Synchrotron Light Source Depart-ment, he spent three years as deputy director,and then acting director of the Office of Sci-ence and Technology Policy. He joined FordMotor Company in 1986, where he is pres-ently vice president for technical affairs.
ANEESUR RAHMAN PRIZE
Established in 1992 with support from IBMCorporation and Argonne National Labora-tory. The Rahman Prize recognizes andencourages outstanding achievement in com-putational physics research.
David M. CeperleyUniversity of Illinois
Citation: “For important and deeply method-ological contributions to computational physics,and for highly significant research using thosemethods to multiple areas of physics.”
Ceperley received his PhD in physics fromCornell University in 1976. After postdoctoralwork at Rutgers University, he worked as astaff scientist at both LBL and LLNL. In 1987he joined the faculty of the University of Illi-nois, where he is a professor of physics. Animportant work is his calculation of the en-ergy of the electron gas, providing basic inputfor most numerical calculations of electronicstructure. He was also a pioneer in the devel-opment and application of Path Integral MonteCarlo methods for quantum systems at finitetemperature.
JOSEPH F. KEITHLEY AWARD
Established in 1997 by an endowment fromKeithley Instruments, Inc., the KeithleyAward is intended to recognize physicists whohave been instrumental in the development ofmeasurement techniques or equipment thathave impact on the physics community byproviding better measurements.
John ClarkeUniversity of California, Berkeley
Citation: “For his experimental and theoreti-cal studies of Superconducting QuantumInterference Devices (SQUIDS), advancingthe state-of-the-art of measurement science byapplying SQUIDS to many areas of both fun-damental and applied physics, such as high T
c
superconductor analyses, NMR amplifiers, andcryogenic comparators.”
Clarke received his PhD in 1968 from Cam-bridge University. After a postdoctoral
Physicists Honored at the 1998 March Meeting
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March 1998 APS News
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any time, including after the peer-reviewprocess. The archives have already be-come a primary means of informationexchange in fields such as high energyphysics, general relativity and quantumcosmology, astrophysics, and other disci-plines like quantum computing, chaostheory and nuclear physics. Condensedmatter is one of the fastest growing areasof e-print usage, with almost a 50% in-crease in the number of submissions in1997.
In addition to the possibility of devel-oping a single, global electronic physicsdatabase, the APS expects to use the ar-chives to improve the Physical Reviewpublication process, while simulta-neously lowering costs, according toBlume. The Society has already taken sev-eral steps towards that objective. Forexample, in 1997 the APS amended itscopyright transfer statement to recognizeexplicitly the right of authors to circulatetheir work as e-prints, both before and af-ter publication in Physical Review. It alsoenacted a uniform policy across all PRjournals for including citations to e-prints,and allowed for submissions of articlesto PR via e-print number. And PhysicalReview D began using the Los Alamosarchive and its mirrors to provide elec-tronic copies of manuscripts for referees.
“For the near-term, the APS strategytakes advantage of the extent to which thephysics community has already jumpedfar ahead of other research disciplines inall of this, and helps move the Society to-wards development of substantial newelectronic resources, to the ultimate ben-
The APS and the Los Alamos xxx e-Print Archive have established a
cooperative partnership designed to allowthe physics community to take maximaladvantage of the E-print archives. Theagreement is in response to the majorimpact that e-prints are having on thecommunication of physics research.“With all of its journals now online, theAPS is ready to explore how the journalscan be more tightly integrated into therapidly evolving, networked environmentof physics literature,” said APS Editor-in-Chief Martin Blume.
Founded by Paul Ginsparg in August1991, the archive has grown to encompassall fields of physics, as well as many inmathematics. It now contains over 67,000articles and the growth rate is approach-ing 2,000 new articles per month. Thearchive is funded by the National ScienceFoundation and is automatically mirroredin over a dozen countries via volunteerWeb sites. Ginsparg envisions the e-printarchives as an unfiltered, global, freelyavailable database of research articles thatcan serve as a foundation for a rich set ofpossible overlays that provide filteredviews of the physics literature. A similiarview of the electronic future was articu-lated by the APS Task Force on ElectronicInformation Systems, which issued its re-port in 1991.
E-prints are author-controlled versionsof research articles that are freely circu-lated outside the traditional peer-reiewand publication process. Unlike the fa-miliar paper preprints, the e-prints can be,and often are, updated by the author at
APS Forms CooperativeAgreement with LANL’sxxx e-Print Archive
basement laboratory in Cleveland, Ohio. When it plainly contradicted the etherhypothesis, physicists were dismayed. How could there be vibrations withoutsomething to do the vibrating?
Other puzzles cropped up by accident. On November 8, 1895, the Germanphysicist Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen stumbled upon a way to make strange rays withthe power to penetrate black paper, and even living flesh. Since x is the unknownin algebra, Röntgen called them X rays. By December, he had used them to take apicture of his wife�s hand, and within a year their practical value was well understood.The rapid spread of the use of X rays throughout the world foreshadowed the wayscientists, engineers and investors would turn fundamental discoveries intotechnological applications in the coming century. But no one knew where X rayscame from.
The chance discovery of radioactivity finally signaled the beginning of a newera in physics. As the element polonium, identified by Polish-born Marie Curie in1898, emits radiation, it changes spontaneously into lead. This discovery shatteredthe belief inherited from the Greeks that the elements are immutable and theiratoms indestructible. What causes atoms to decay? What are they made of? Whatforces are at work inside them? Such questions were new to physics, and were toremain at its cutting edge throughout the 20th century. The answers would affectour lives in ways no one could imagine in the year 1900.
Editor’s Note: As the APS begins its year-long countdown to the Centennial Celebration inAtlanta, APS News will feature brief monthly summaries of the last 100 years in physics andits times beginning in this issue with the dawn of modern physics at the turn of the century.Look for it here.
PhD �Family-Tree� ContestThis month, APS News announces a special Centennial Ph.D. or �equivalent�
lineage contest, in which entrants are asked to trace their professional �familytree� � i.e., the production of doctoral level physicists by their thesis advisors� as far back as possible. Prizes will be awarded to those who can trace theirlineage back the farthest, who have the most �generations,� the most NobelLaureates, and other categories to be determined by the selection panel.Winners will receive prizes, and the most impressive or interesting lineageswill be published in a future issue of APS News.
For example, current APS President Andy Sessler (Lawrence BerkeleyLaboratory) can trace his professional genealogy back through four generationsto 1922. He completed his doctoral thesis (in 1953) under Henry Foley, whotrained in molecular spectroscopy, at the University of Michigan, under DavidDennison and received his Ph.D. in 1943. Dennison in turn was supervised,also at Michigan,and received his Ph.D. in 1924, by Oscar Klein, known forthe Kaluza-Klein 5 dimensional theory, the Klein-Nishina formula, and theKlein-Gordon equation. Klein considered Neils Bohr his mentor and receivedhis degree (1922) at the University of Stockholm. Andy has professional childrenand grandchildren. Much to Andy�s embarrassment, however,for he thoughtphysicists always did things better than chemists, his son, Jonathan, a chemist,was able to trace his scientific lineage back twelve generations to Paris in1725.
Please mark your calendars! Only 12 months to the APS CentennialCelebration in Atlanta, Georgia, March 20-26, 1999!!
The Birth of an Era (continued from page 1)
APS Announces PhysicalReview Special Topics Series
The APS has established a new peer reviewed electronic journal, Physical ReviewSpecial Topics: Accelerators and Beams (PRST-AB). To begin publication in April,
the journal is the first in what will eventually become a series of Special Topicsjournals, according to APS Editor-in-Chief Martin Blume. PRST-AB will be distrib-uted without charge, with no submittal or publication charges for the foreseeablefuture.
The new journal is the result of extensive study by the APS and its Division of thePhysics of Beams, in recognition of the need for a wide ranging and widely distributedpeer reviewed journal for their field. While some papers on particle acceleratorsappear in Physical Review Letters and Physical Review E, results on work in this field ofa more technical nature usually are not deemed appropriate for those journals. As aresult, the accelerator literature has been fragmented among many journals. PRST-ABis intended to consolidate the literature.
“We are delighted to be able to offer to the accelerator physics and technologycommunity a journal in which the full range of accelerator science and technology iscollected in one place, which will be widely distributed, and which will have the highstandards and the name of the highly regarded Physical Reviews,” said Blume.
The scope of the journal will cover the full range of accelerator science and technol-ogy: subsystem and component technologies; beam dynamics; applications ofaccelerators; and design, operation, and improvement of accelerators used in scienceand industry. This will include high energy and nuclear physics, synchrotron radia-tion production, spallation neutron sources, medical therapy, and intense beamapplications, among others. Acceptance criteria for articles will maintain the highscholarly and technical standards of the other APS journals.
Robert Siemann of the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center will serve as editor ofthe new journal, along with a distinguished international group of experts in all areasof accelerator physics and technology who will serve as members of the EditorialBoard. These members include Ilan Ben-Zvi, (Brookhaven National Laboratory),Michael Craddock (TRIUMF), Helen Edwards (Fermi National Accelerator Labora-tory), John Galayda (Argonne National Laboratory), Chandrashekhar Joshi (Universityof California, Los Angeles), Peter Schmueser (DESY), and Shin-ichi Kurokawa (KEK).
All aspects of journal production will be handled electronically, from submittalthrough refereeing and copy editing, to production and distribution. The APS willensure the continued availability of the electronic archive of these journals throughfuture changes in electronic publishing technology. A suite of authoring tools will bemade available, and article submissions will be accepted in a modified REVTeX and inMicrosoft Word. Guidelines for authors and for referees will be available electronicallythrough the APS publications home page (http://publish.aps.org) along with instructionsfor submittal. Papers may be submitted beginning March 1, 1998.
CSWP Web-Based Survey
One of the larger challenges fac-ing physicists today as they seek toachieve their career goals is the �two-body problem��the difficulty offinding jobs for two scientists in thesame location. Since many physicistsare partnered with other scientists,creative ways to overcome this prob-lem can enhance their success,especially that of women in physics.The APS Committee on the Status ofWomen in Physics has prepared aWeb-based survey to document thescope of the problem and to discovercreative solutions that have been triedby different institutions. All those whohave experience with this challengeare urged to visit http://physics.wm.edu/survey and fill outthe questionnaire. The responses willbe kept entirely confidential, andsummary results will be reported tothe physics community when the sur-vey is complete.
efit of both its membership and the phys-ics community at large,” said Ginsparg ofthe agreement. “The new copyright agree-ment… recognizes the vested rights andnon-commercial interests of physicistauthors and promotes their research com-munication needs.”
In the coming year, the APS intends toexpand the use of Los Alamos for referralto other journals, according to Blume,using it as the primary means of circulat-ing public e-prints. The APS E-printserver, which currently receives about 30articles per month, will be transformedinto a server for referees to receive manu-scripts electronically. The APS alsointends to implement better tracking of e-prints that become Physical Reviewarticles, and to provide updates to LosAlamos for linking to the on-line journals,enabling researchers to locate the pub-lished versions of articles more easily.Finally, the Society will explore an alter-native interface to the archives, theincorporation of archive indexes into APSsearch engines, and other ways LosAlamos can supplement APS activities,such as providing low-cost conference pro-ceedings. “We are very happy to join in abroader utilization of Ginsparg’s excel-lent archive which is a pivotal element ofthe communications revolution, ” saidBlume.
The Los Alamos e-Print Archive canbe accessed at http://xxx.lanl.gov.
A Century of PhysicsA Century of Physics
APS News March 1998
4
OPINIONLETTERSAPS VIEWS
Celebrating a Century of Physics in ’99by Andrew Sessler, APS President
The APS Centennial is coming up in 1999 and it affords us agood chance to look back as well as forward. We are planning agreat party in March 1999, in Atlanta, Georgia, combining theMarch and April meetings for that year. More than 40 NobelLaureates and about 40 representatives of foreign physical soci-eties plan to be there, as well as representatives of otherprofessional societies in the U.S. and, of course, politicians. Ihope many of you will be there.
We are also planning a good number of items of lasting im-portance. One is A Century of Physics timeline wall chart, depicting chronologically,in over 26 feet, the major events in physics of the last century. We plan to distribute itto all the high schools and colleges in the nation. A second item is a special issue ofReviews of Modern Physics, with articles by some of the outstanding physicists of our timecovering most of the sub-disciplines of physics. The articles are at the level of colloquia,and we hope that many of you will desire this volume to read and remember.
A third item is a coffee table book, which describes the contributions of physicsboth in concepts and in practical applications in carefully chosen words, and has lotsof beautiful pictures. We hope that the general public — especially our spouses, chil-dren and parents — will be interested in this volume. A fourth item is a booklet witha list of excellent speakers available to give special centennial colloquia. And finally,there will be a collection of photographs of famous physicists from this past century.We expect these last to be used during the year, and beyond, in colloquia and generallectures on college campuses and in industry.
After all, this has been a revolutionary century of physics. There were significantintellectual advances, such as relativity, quantum mechanics, symmetry, and the ex-pansion of the universe. The investigations these advances precipitated resulted intremendous scientific and technological progress. For example, understanding atomicstructure produced lasers, atomic clocks, solid state electronics, and much of con-densed matter physics. Studies of nuclear structure yielded nuclear weapons, nuclearpower and nuclear imaging. Physicists also made important discoveries in sub-nuclearstructure, including quarks, the unification of weak and magnetic forces, and thestandard model. Astrophysics research resulted in the discovery of phenomena suchas jets, quasars and pulsars.
What will be the great themes of the next century? What will be the intellectual andtechnological advances? Physics is not finished, but there are important questions stillto be answered, such as the following one: Why are we here? Why is there more matterthan anti-matter in the universe? What is the origin of mass? Why are there so manyneutrinos coming out of the sun? What is the nature of the dark matter that comprisesas much as 85% of the universe?
We also want to convey to the public that pure and applied physics go hand in hand.They can’t be separated; one drives the other. Often conceptual advances lead topractical devices, and just as often the reverse can be true. In the 19th century, concep-tual advances in electricity and magnetism led to practical electric generation andpower distribution, electric motors, and electric lights, while the practical steam en-gine led to the development of the conceptual structure of thermodynamics.
In the 20th century, the practical need to win a war drove the development ofnuclear power, supersonic jets, rockets and radar. Radar alone led to the developmentof the transistor, large accelerators, nuclear magnetic resonance and the laser. At thesame time, conceptual advances in condensed matter physics have led to magneticimaging, computers and consumer electronics. We want to make sure that the publicunderstands that much of the advances in medicine are due to physics, that physics hasmade possible modern communication and modern computers, that physics createsjobs and economic growth, and that physics contributes to solving the energy problemwith conservation strategies, fission, fusion and solar collectors.
In short, physics is an exciting intellectual activity that sheds light upon the basicquestions facing mankind, while simultaneously driving the economic engine of theworld and improving the quality of life. That’s a great story to tell, and I think we cantell it. We view the APS Centennial not as a one time event, or delta function, butrather, as an opportunity to take a step function forward in the activities of the APS. Inorder to help us “get this message out” we have hired a public relations firm. Ourefforts we expect to be ongoing, and we expect that our activity will help reverse thesignificant and worrisome trend of ever fewer students going into physics, while, atthe same time, increasing the public appreciation of our science and, hence, the sup-port of physics.
So, please, read on about the event in this and coming issues of APS News, markyour calendars for March 20-26, 1999, and I look forward to seeing you in Atlanta.
�But It Was Such a Good Story��
Editor�s Note: Several alert readers wrote to APS News about the �Zero Gravity� item in the January 1998 issue on supposed1997 Darwin Award Winner Larry Waters, the lawn chair balloonist. The incident described actually occurred in 1982, andsome details were inadvertantly altered or embellished in the retelling. For example, Walters took along a large bottle of soda,not beer, and only spent about two hours aloft, although he did reach an altitude of about three miles and was reported to theFAA by an airline pilot who spotted him. He did use a pellet gun to pop balloons to come back to earth, but did not float outto sea. Instead, his balloons draped over power lines, blacking out a Long Beach, CA, neighborhood for 20 minutes.Although Walters survived the incident, he later committed suicide in 1993.
The reference to the JATO rocket incident in the opening note apparently did not occur; it is an example of a �Net Myth�, aphenomenon described above. More information about Walters, the Darwin Awards and other �Net Myths� can be found at thefollowing URLs: [http://www.urbanlegends.com/misc/lawn_chair_balloonist/html] or [http://www.officialdarwinawards.com]
If you have a good example of a �Net Myth,� or other likely candidate for a future �Zero Gravity� column, send it to Editor,APS News, One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740; email: [email protected].
In the January issue of APS News, ournew President of APS discusses the wayin which the Society’s interpretation ofits mission has evolved in the last century.Dr. Sessler states “…in the 1980s weformed committees on women and mi-norities in physics.” I would like to pointout that the evolution of APS into “a soci-ety with a social conscience,” or at least asocial consciousness, began to occurrather earlier than Dr. Sessler recalls. TheCommittee on the Status of Women inPhysics (CSWP) and the Committee onMinorities (COM) were formed in 1972.
We have therefore had more than 25 yearsof this evolutionary process. APS mem-bers may wish to consider, as one measureof the social evolution of the Society, thedegree to which these two segments ofthe population at large are presently rep-resented among our membership. Onemight conclude (as I do) that there is stilla great deal of transformation yet to beachieved, and that evolution occurs ratherslowly when there is no direct interven-tion.Laurie McNeil1997 CSWP Chair
“Net Myths”by Tracy Thompson, The Washington Post
Of course the JATO rocket story isuntrue. This is beside the point. At
this moment, it is circling the globe witha speed that would have seemed magicalback when our ancestors were swappinggossip around the village well. TheJATO rocket story is a “Netmyth.” Thatis, it’s circulating on the Internet, andit’s an urban legend—a terrificallyentertaining story presented as facteven though it isn’t. Netmyths are ofgreat interest to sociologists andcomputer experts, who say they arecreating new rules about distinguishingbetween truth and fiction.
Netmyths differ from traditional ur-ban myths in several important ways,say scientists and computer experts.Traditional urban myths get told andretold: The story about the microwavedpoodle, for example, or the one about
the American tourists in Mexico who buya Chihuahua and find out it’s a sewer rat,come in dozens of variations. ButNetmyths explode instantly around theglobe, duplicated word-for-word with theclick of a computer mouse.
Urban myths that get on the Internetbenefit from a subtly enhanced credibil-ity, says Robert Park, a University ofMaryland physics professor, APS Direc-tor of Public Information, and anauthority on pseudo-science. “Rightly orwrongly, people have always assumedthat which is printed has more credibil-ity than that which is not,” he says. “Withthe Internet, there’s an enormous amountof information that hasn’t been filteredthrough anything. It didn’t have to find apublisher; it didn’t have to go through anypeer review to become available to enor-mous numbers of people.”
That creates a data flow that bypassesinstitutions that have traditionally vettedthe news—such as newspapers or scien-tific publications like the New EnglandJournal of Medicine. When it comes toevaluating information in this brave newworld, it’s every man for himself.
But the Internet is an adaptable me-dium. Already, there are severalnewsgroups devoted to debunking allkinds of urban legends. If you browsethrough alt.folklore.urban, you canlearn that Jamie Lee Curtis is not a her-maphrodite and that Albert Einstein didnot do poorly in school; also that some
APS Social Conscience has Long History
I read with interest the article by Tho-mas Neff on Liquidating the ColdWar.The HEU deal is but one of severalprograms that the US government has ini-tiated with former Soviet Union (FSU)countries to prevent the proliferation ofweapons of mass destruction (WMD).One such program, called the Initiativefor Proliferation Prevention (IPP) wasbegun in FY 1994 by the Department ofEnergy (DOE). Its purpose is to stabilizepersonnel and resources that represent aproliferation risk. The objective of IPP isto identify and develop nonmilitary ap-plications for defense technologies, andcreate jobs for weapons scientists and en-gineers in the high technology commercialmarketplace.
To this end, DOE has directed its tenNational Laboratories to collaborate withInstitutes in Russia, Belarus, Ukraine andKazakstan that have been responsible for
Products over Proliferation
the development of WPDs to redirect itsstaff towards industrial applications.Thefunds provided are split evenly betweenthe DOE laboratories and the FSU (NIS)Institutes. To date, 250 Institutes in thesefour countries are engaged in 377 Thrust Iprojects (R&D) and 77 Thrust II projects(Commercial Applications). Over 4000scientists and engineers are thus gainfullyemployed in the NIS countries along withseveral hundred scientists and engineersat the 10 DOE labs, most of whom aremembers of APS. From my vantage aschairman of the 10-DOE laboratory con-sortium, I believe IPP is one of the mostviable nonproliferation efforts initiated bythe US government, with the potential(already proven) of multiple-fold returnsover the investment made by DOE ($30M/yr).Kenell J. TouryanIndian Hills CO
March 1998 APS News
5
people do indeed sneeze when exposedto bright light, and that fluorescent lampswill light up when held near a high-volt-age line.
Debunking Netmyths isn’t alwayseasy. Some come with an impressive, ifDave Barry-ish, aura of authenticity. Forexample, the Darwin Award story. TheDarwin Award, presented as a mordanttake on real life, is supposedly given eachyear to the person who does the humangene pool a favor by eliminating himselfin the dumbest possible way. The 1994award supposedly went to the person re-sponsible for the pile of smoldering metalsome Arizona Highway Patrol officersfound embedded in the side of a cliff inthe desert, at a point where the roadcurved. The smoldering metal turned outto be the remains of a car. The Arizonacrime lab, the story goes, figured out howit all happened: Somebody had gottenhold of a JATO, or jet-assisted takeoff unit,also known as a solid fuel rocket. Thisperson had driven his Chevrolet Impalaout into the desert, attached the JATO
units to the back of his car, and fired thatbaby up. When he hit the curve, the crimelab estimated, he was going between 250and 300 mph, a speed at which the ordi-nary Chevrolet Impala becomes a littlehard to steer. The Chevy’s brakes werecompletely burned away, according to thecrime lab, indicating the driver may havehad second thoughts about his experi-ment. Too late: Car meets cliff.
Yet despite the reference to the “Ari-zona State Patrol” and the authentic-soundingreference to JATO units, this story is not true.That’s according to a spokesman for theArizona Department of Public Safety,who should know. “We get a call on thatabout every 90 days,” says Sgt. DaveMyers. “It keeps us on the map.” It’s im-possible to keep track of all the Netmythsout there. There is, for instance, a veryauthentic-looking NASA memo that pur-portedly details a secret experiment onthe logistics of having sex in space; alsountrue, the space agency’s Welch says.
Then there’s the “Most Bizarre Suicideof 1994” story, supposedly recounted at
the 1994 awards dinner for a group calledthe American Assn. for Forensic Science.According to this story, a man jumps fromthe 10th floor of a building, intending tocommit suicide. On his way down, he iskilled by a blast from a shotgun fired out awindow on the ninth floor. Which was un-lucky—or lucky, depending on your pointof view—because a safety net had beenerected below, and the would-be suicide’soriginal plan would have failed. But…
The shooter on the ninth floor was anold man arguing with his wife, who saidhe often threatened her with the shotgunbut said it was never loaded. Unbeknownto the old man, it was loaded—some sixweeks earlier, by the couple’s son, whowas mad at his mother for disinheritinghim and was hoping to trick his fatherinto killing her. As the weeks went by,the son became despondent over the fail-ure of his plan and became the man whotried to commit suicide by jumping fromthe building’s 10th floor.
This farfetched tale is apparently bi-zarre enough to convince a few people
that it is true, judging from the commentsappended to it by Internet browsers. Butunlike most Netmyths, it can be tracked toits author: one Don Harper Mills, past presi-dent of a real organization called theAmerican Academy of Forensic Sciences.
“I made it up,” Mills says proudlywhen asked about the truth of the tale.Only it wasn’t in 1994. It was part of aspeech he gave at the group’s 1987 ban-quet, he says, and he did it strictly forentertainment. “I didn’t expect it to geton the Internet,” he says. So far, he’sgotten more than 100 calls about it.Does this surprise him? “No, not re-ally,” he says. “It’s a fabulous story.”
The above article appeared in the Washing-ton Post, February 2, 1996. Reprinted withpermission.
Heard an interesting, science-relatedNetMyth? We’d like to hear about it. Sendsubmissions to Editor, APS News ,[email protected].
Net Myths (continued)
Can a leopard change its spots? Neverin the kingdom of the wild, but in therealm of politics, it happens every day.
Take the case of Ben NighthorseCampbell (R-CO). He was first electedto the Senate from Colorado as a Demo-crat in 1992. But in 1995, he became aRepublican after Colorado voters beganto tilt heavily toward the GOP agenda.
Then there’s Connecticut GovernorJohn Rowland, who served three terms asa pro-life member of Congress beforemaking the run as a pro-choice candidatefor the top job in the Nutmeg state. Hishonestly stated reason for the conversion:You can’t win statewide office in Con-necticut if you’re pro life.
So last month when President BillClinton unveiled a budget that featuredlarge increases for science and engineer-ing, he joined a long list of politicians whoare eventually swayed by public opinion.
According to Administration sources,the coalition of society leaders represent-ing more than 3.5 million scientists,engineers and mathematicians did not gounnoticed by the White House. Nor didthe bipartisan National Research Invest-ment Act of 1998, submitted last Octoberby Senators Gramm (R-TX), Lieberman(D-CT), Domenici (R-NM) andBingaman (D-NM).
Of course it didn’t hurt to have the sup-port of the average voter either. Two yearsago, the Roper survey organization askedAmericans what they thought about sci-ence. Four out five respondents said thatit inspired hope, satisfaction, wonder orexcitement.
And then there were the undisputedfacts that science and technology are theprime drivers of the economy, research isthe underpinning of progress in medicine,and proficiency in high technology is thebasis of our national security.
No doubt, Presidential Science Advi-sor John H. Gibbons, long a supporter offederal investments in research, used allthe arrows in his quiver to make his case,including the many letters received by the
INSIDE THE BELTWAY
The President Delivers Big Time for Science and Engineeringby Michael S. Lubell, APS Director of Public Affairs
White House in December from scien-tists of all stripes. And this year, unlikeprevious ones, Gibbons succeeded be-yond all expectations.
President Clinton, who less than a yearago had been rebuked by Rep. George E.Brown, Jr. (D-CA)—former Chairman andnow Ranking Democratic Member of theHouse Science Committee—for not mak-ing R&D a priority investment, delivered ablockbuster of a science budget. The num-bers speak for themselves: NASA SpaceScience up 4%, NIST STRS (Core Pro-grams) up 5.3%, DOD Basic Research (6.1Program) up 6.6%, NIH up 8%, NSF up10% and DOE Energy Research up 10%.
Just a week earlier, in his State of theUnion Address, the President had pro-vided a preview of his budget intentions.Although he had saved it for the end, hegave science a huge boost, just as WhiteHouse insiders had promised. “Tonight,”he said, “as part of our gift to the millen-nium, I propose a 21st Century ResearchFund for path-breaking scientific in-quiry—the largest funding increase inhistory for the National Institutes ofHealth, the National Science Foundationand the National Cancer Institute.”
His seventy-two minute speech toCongress and the nation was punctuatedby applause 102 times. Often, the responsewas partisan, but the science referencebrought an ovation from both sides of theaisle.
However, first impressions often canbe deceiving. As congenial and congratu-latory as the President and Congress maybe right now about science and engineer-ing investments, they will have theirmettle tested in the coming months.
The President’s proposed budget con-tains more than $100 billion of spendingon new programs over the next five years.It also assumes $65 billion in increasedrevenues from tobacco taxes. And hisState of the Union Message stakes out aposition that would commit any otherfederal revenues that exceed the projec-tions of last year’s balanced budget
agreement to ensuring the future solvencyof the Social Security System.
Republicans have staked out their ownground. They maintain that thegovernment’s priorities should be cuttingtaxes and paying down the national debt.They also say that a deal on tobacco taxeswill likely founder this year. And anyspending that exceeds last year’s agreedupon budget caps is out of the question,whether or not the budget for the upcom-ing year is in the black. They’re still highon research, but say, “Show me themoney!”
So while the winds of science are blow-ing sweetly for the moment, they mayturn into a gale within the comingmonths. Here are some of the possiblescenarios.• There is no tobacco settlement, and the
Republicans stick to their guns on taxesand the debt. But they embrace the sci-ence issue, and cut other programs tomake room for the President’s 21stCentury Research Fund. The Presi-dent swallows hard and accepts theother cuts.
• There is no tobacco settlement, and theRepublicans forego tax cuts and pay-ing down the debt. They supportincreases for science.
• There is no tobacco settlement and theRepublicans strike a deal with thePresident: they get some tax cuts buthe has to accept trimming some pro-grams, science included.
• There is a tobacco settlement and ev-eryone goes home well satisfied. TheRepublicans get tax cuts, and the Presi-dent gets Social Security relief. For nextyear the national debt stays where it is,and science gets a big boost.If you believe that the last scenario is
in the cards, encourage all your smokingfriends to light up early and light up of-ten. Their habit may kill them, but it couldsave science. If you have more compas-sion, tell them to quit but put in a goodword for science with their elected repre-sentatives.
February 5, 1998
Dear Mr. President:
I want to commend you foridentifying science and technologyas priority investments of the federalgovernment for the next millennium.The 21st Century Research Fund,which you highlighted in your Stateof the Union Address and featuredin your Budget Request, not onlyprovides well justified financialresources for science andengineering research, but alsofocuses attention on two key policyissues: long-term planning and theinterconnectedness of the sciences.I applaud your wisdom inrecognizing these essentialelements and in recommending toCongress a balanced budget thatstrongly supports investments inresearch and education.
America�s physics communityhas always stood ready to help ourcountry achieve its goals: fromenergy to the environment; frommedicine to space; from defense toeducation; from materials toinformation technologies. With41,000 members, the AmericanPhysical Society is the world�s largestorganization of phyisicists. On theirbehalf, I offer you my assistance inrealizing the science goals you haveidentified this week.
As a first step, our Society looksforward to working with yourAdministration and with members ofCongress in both political parties totranslate your visions into relevantappropriations. In this way we cansecure our nation�s vital science andtechnology future.
Very truly yours,Andrew M. Sessler
APS News March 1998
6
Announcements
PRIZES
HANS A. BETHE PRIZE
Endowed by contributions from the Divisionof Astrophysics, the Division of Nuclear Phys-ics and friends of Hans A. Bethe.
Purpose: To recognize outstanding work intheory, experiment or observation in the ar-eas of astrophysics, nuclear physics, nuclearastrophysics, or closely related fields.
Nature: The prize consists of $5000 and a cer-tificate citing the contributions made by therecipient.
Send name of proposed candidate and sup-porting information before 1 July 1998 to:Virginia Trimble, Physics Dept, Univ of Ca-lif., Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-4575, Phone:(714) 824-6948, Fax: (714) 824-2174, Email:[email protected].
HERBERT P. BROIDA PRIZE
Established by Friends of Herbert P. Broida.
Purpose: To recognize and enhance outstand-ing experimental advancements in the fieldsof atomic and molecular spectroscopy orchemical physics.
Nature: The prize consists of $5,000 and a cer-tificate citing contributions made by therecipient.
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to: John BDelos, Phys Dept, College of William & Mary,Williamsburg, VA 23185 , Phone: (804) 253-4471, Email: [email protected]
TOM W. BONNER PRIZE INNUCLEAR PHYSICS
Endowed by Friends of Tom W. Bonner.
Purpose: To recognize and encourage out-standing experimental research in nuclearphysics, including the development of amethod, technique, or device that significantlycontributes in a general way to nuclear phys-ics research.
Nature: The prize consists of $5,000 and a cer-tificate citing the contributions made by therecipient.
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1997 to: PeterPaul, Dept of Phys, SUNY-Stony Brook, StonyBrook NY 11794-3800, Phone: (516) 246-5079, Email: [email protected]
OLIVER W. BUCKLEYCONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
PRIZE
Endowed by AT&T Bell Laboratories.
Purpose: To recognize and encourage outstand-ing theoretical or experimental contributions tocondensed matter physics.
Nature: The prize consists of $5,000 and a cer-tificate citing the contributions made by therecipient(s).
Send name of proposed candidate and sup-porting information before 1 July 1998 to:Raymond E Goldstein, Dept of Phys, Univof Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, Phone: (609)258-4407, Fax: (609) 258 6360, Email:[email protected]
DAVISSON-GERMER PRIZE
Established by AT&T Bell Laboratories, (nowLucent Technologies).
Purpose: To recognize and encourage out-standing work in atomic physics or surfacephysics.
Nature: The prize consists of $5,000 and a cer-tificate citing the contributions made by therecipient(s). This annual prize will normallybe awarded alternatively for outstanding workin atomic physics even-numbered years and foroutstanding work in surface physics in odd-numbered years. The 1999 prize will be awardedfor outstanding work in surface physics.
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to: EllenD Williams, Dept of Phys, Univ of Maryland,College Park, MD 20742-4111, Phone: (301)405-6156, Fax: (301) 314 9465, Email:[email protected]
DANNIE HEINEMAN PRIZE FORMATHEMATICAL PHYSICS
Sponsored by the Heineman Foundation forResearch, Educational, Charitable, and Scien-tific Purposes, Incorporated.
Purpose: To recognize outstanding publicationsin the field of mathematical physics.
Nature: The prize consists of $7,500 and a cer-tificate citing contributions made by therecipient.
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to: EdwardOtt, Dept of Phys & Astron, Univ of Mary-land, College Park MD 20742, Phone: (301)454-3180, Email: [email protected]
HIGH POLYMER PHYSICS PRIZE
Sponsored by the Ford Motor Company.
Purpose: To recognize outstanding accomplish-ments and excellence of contributions in highpolymer physics research.
Nature: The prize consists of $5,000 and a cer-tificate citing the contributions made by therecipient(s).
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to: Eric JAmis, 224 B210 Polymers Div, NIST, Rte 270& Quince Orchard Rd, Gaithersburg, MD20899, Phone: (301) 975-6681, Fax: (301) 9268012, Email: [email protected]
IRVING LANGMUIR PRIZE
Sponsored by the GE Fund.
Purpose: To recognize and encourage out-standing interdisciplinary research inchemistry and physics, in the spirit of IrvingLangmuir.
Nature: This biennial Prize consists of $10,000and a certificate citing the contributions madeby the recipient.
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to: WilliamKlemperer, Dept of Chem, Harvard Univ,Cambridge MA 02138, Phone: (617) 495-4094, Fax: (617) 495-1792
JULIUS EDGAR LILIENFELDPRIZE
Sponsored by the Lilienfeld Trust.
Purpose: To recognize a most outstanding con-tribution to physics.
Nature: The prize consists of $10,000, a cer-tificate citing the contributions made by therecipient, and expenses for three lectures bythe recipient given at an APS general meet-ing, a research university, and a predominantlyundergraduate institution.
Send name of proposed candidate and sup-porting information before 1 July 1998 to:Miles V Klein, Loomis Lab, UIUC, 1110 WGreen St, Urbana, IL 61801, Phone: (217)333-1744, Fax: (217) 244 2278, Email:[email protected]
JAMES C. MCGRODDY PRIZE FORNEW MATERIALS
Endowed by IBM.
Purpose: To recognize and encourage out-standing achievement in the science andapplication of new materials.
Nature: The prize consists of $5,000 plus acertificate citing the contribution of the re-cipient.
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to: G. SladeCargill, Dept of Materials Science, LehighUniversity, Bethlehem, PA 18015-3195,Phone: (610) 758-4207, Fax: (610) 758-4244,Email: [email protected]
LARS ONSAGER PRIZE
Endowed by Russell and Marion Donnelly.
Purpose: To recognize outstanding researchin theoretical statistical physics, including thequantum fluids.
Nature: The prize consists of $10,000 and willinclude an allowance for travel to the meetingof the Society at which the prize is awarded,and a certificate citing the contributions madeby the recipient.
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to: NigelDavid Goldenfeld, Loomis Lab of Phys, UIUC,1110 W Green St, Urbana IL 61801-3080,Phone: (217) 333-8027, Fax: (217) 333 9819,Email: [email protected]
GEORGE E. PAKE PRIZE
Endowed by the Xerox Corporation.
Purpose: To recognize and encourage out-standing work by physicists combiningoriginal research accomplishments with lead-ership in the management of research ordevelopment in industry.
Nature: The prize consists of $5,000, and acertificate citing the contributions made bythe recipient.
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to: CherryAnn Murray, 1D-334, Lucent Technologies,7600 Mountain Ave, Murray Hill NJ 07974-0636, Phone: (908) 582-5849, Fax :(908) 5824702, Email: [email protected]
W.K.H. PANOFSKY PRIZE
Endowed by the friends of W.K.H. Panofskyand the Division of Particles and Fields.
Purpose: To recognize and encourage out-standing achievements in experimental particlephysics.
Nature: The prize consists of $5,000, an allow-ance for travel to the meeting at which theprize is bestowed, and a certificate citing thecontributions made by the recipient.
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to: MichaelZeller, Dept of Phys, Yale Univ, Box 208121,New Haven CT 06520-8121, Phone: (203)432-3650, Fax: (203) 432- 6175, Email:[email protected]
EARLE K. PLYLER PRIZE
Sponsored by the George E. Crouch Founda-tion.
Purpose: To recognize and encourage notablecontributions to molecular spectroscopy.
Nature: The prize consists of $5,000, a certifi-cate citing the contributions made by therecipient, and an allowance for travel to themeeting at which the prize is bestowed.
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to: RogerErvin Miller, Dept of Chem, Univ of NorthCarolina, CB 3290, Chapel Hill NC 27599,Phone: (919) 966-5433.
PRIZE TO A FACULTY MEMBERFOR RESEARCH IN AN
UNDERGRADUATE INSTITUTION
Sponsored by the Research Corporation.
Purpose: To honor a physicist whose researchin an undergraduate setting has achieved widerecognition and contributed significantly tophysics and who has contributed substantiallyto the professional development of under-graduate physics students.
Nature: The prize consists of a $5,000 stipendto the awardee, a certificate citing the contri-bution of the recipient, and a separate $4,000unrestricted grant for the research of the re-cipient to the awardee’s institution. Anadditional allowance will be provided for travelexpenses to the APS meeting at which theprize ceremony will take place.
Send name of proposed candidates and sup-porting information by 1 July 1998 to: RichardJ Furnstahl, Dept of Phys, Ohio State Univ, 174W 18th Ave, Columbus OH 43210, Phone: (614)292-4830, Fax: (614) 292-7557, Email:[email protected]
I. I. RABI PRIZE
Endowed by family, friends, and colleagues ofI. I. Rabi.
Purpose: To recognize and encourage out-standing research in Atomic, Molecular andOptical Physics
Nature: The Prize consists of $7,500 and acertificate citing the contributions made bythe recipient and an allowance for travel ex-penses of the recipient to the Society meetingat which the Prize is presented.
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to: StephenRolf Lundeen, Dept of Phys, Colorado StateUniv, Fort Collins, CO 80523, Phone: (970)491-6647, Fax: (970) 491- 7947, Email:[email protected]
ANEESUR RAHMAN PRIZE
Sponsored by the IBM Corporation andArgonne National Laboratory
Purpose: To recognize and encourage out-standing achievement in computationalphysics research.
Nature: The prize consists of $5,000, an allow-ance for travel to the meeting of the Society atwhich the prize is awarded and at which therecipient will deliver the Rahman Lecture, anda certificate citing the contributions made bythe recipient.
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to: GaryD Doolen, B213, LANL, PO Box 1663, LosAlamos NM 87545, Phone: (505) 667-8994,Fax: (505) 665-3003, Email: [email protected]
CALL FOR NOMINATIONS FOR 1999 APS PRIZES AND AWARDSThe following prizes and awards will be bestowed by the Society in 1999. Members are invited to nominate candidates to the respective committees charged with the
privilege of recommending the recipients. A brief description of each prize and award is given below, along with the addresses of the selection committee chairs to whomnominations should be sent. Please refer to the APS Membership Directory, pages xxi-xxxvi, for complete information regarding rules and eligibility requirements forindividual prizes and awards or visit the Prize and Awards page on the APS web site at http://www.aps.org.
March 1998 APS News
7
J.J. SAKURAI PRIZE FORTHEORETICAL PHYSICS
Endowed by the family and friends of J.J.Sakurai.
Purpose: To recognize and encourage out-standing achievement in particle theory by ayoung physicist.
Nature: The prize consists of $5,000, an allow-ance for travel to the meeting of the Society atwhich the prize is awarded, and a certificateciting the contributions made by the recipient.
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to: RobertN Cahn, Rm 3115 Bldg 50A, Lawrence Ber-keley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720, Phone: (510)486-4481, Fax: (510) 486- 6067, Email:[email protected]
ARTHUR L. SCHAWLOW PRIZE INLASER SCIENCE
Endowed by the NEC Corporation.
Purpose: To recognize outstanding contribu-tions to basic research that uses lasers toadvance our knowledge of the fundamentalphysical properties of materials and their in-teraction with light.
Nature: The prize consists of $10,000, an al-lowance for travel to the meeting at whichthe prize is awarded, and a certificate citingthe contributions made by the recipient.
Send name of proposed candidate and sup-porting information before 1 July 1998 to:Mark G Raizen, Dept of Phys, Univ ofTexas, Austin TX 78712, Phone: (512)471-4753, Fax: (512) 471-9637, Email:[email protected]
ROBERT R. WILSON PRIZE
Sponsored by friends of Robert R. Wilson.
Purpose: To recognize and encourage out-standing achievement in the physics of particleaccelerators.
Nature: The prize consists of $5,000, an allow-ance for travel to the meeting at which theprize is awarded, and a certificate citing thecontributions made by the recipient.
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to:Hermann A Grunder, 12-C, Jefferson Labo-ratory, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport NewsVA 23606, Phone: (804) 249-7552, Fax: (804)249:7398, Email: Grunder@CEBAF
AWARDS
DAVID ADLER LECTURESHIPAWARD
Established by friends of David Adler.
Purpose: To recognize an outstanding con-tributor to the field of materials physics who isnoted for the quality of his/her research, re-view articles, and lecturing.
Nature: The lectureship consists of an awardof no less than $1,000 as honorarium for thelecturer, and a certificate citing the contribu-tion made by the recipient.
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to: JamesW Davenport, Dept of Appl Sci Bldg179A, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton NY11973, Phone (516) 344-3789, [email protected]
APKER AWARD
Endowed by Jean Dickey Apker, in memoryof LeRoy Apker.
Purpose: To recognize outstanding achieve-ment in physics by undergraduate students,thereby providing encouragement to youngphysicists who have demonstrated great po-tential for future scientific accomplishment.
Nature: The award to the winners consists of$5,000, an allowance for travel to the meeting
of the Society at which the award is being pre-sented, and a certificate citing the work andschool of the recipient. Each of the finalists inthe annual competition will receive an hono-rarium of $1,000 and a certificate as an ApkerAward Finalist. Certificates and checks alsowill be presented to the home institutions ofthe finalists and of the winner. Two awardsmay be made in 1999, one to a nominee froman institution that offers a Ph.D. program inphysics, the other to a nominee from an institu-tion that does not.
Send name of proposed candidate and sup-porting information before 15 June 1998 to:Dr. Barrett Ripin, Administrator, ApkerAward Selection Committee, The AmericanPhysical Society, One Physics Ellipse,College Park, MD 20740-3844, Phone: (301)209-3233, Fax: (301) 209-0865,Email:[email protected].
EDWARD A. BOUCHET AWARD
Sponsored by the Research Corporation.
Purpose: Formerly known as the Visiting Mi-nority Lectureship, the award is intended topromote the participation of under-representedminorities in physics by publicizing thelecturer’s work and career development to thephysics community, especially to young mi-nority physics students.
Nature: The lectureship consists of a stipendof $3,000 plus support for travel to an APSgeneral meeting where the recipient will re-ceive the award and give his/her first address.In addition, the recipient will be invited tolecture at least three academic institutionswhere the impact of the visit on minority stu-dents would be significant.
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to: CarlosJose Bustamante, Inst. of Molecular Biology,Univ. of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, Phone:(541)346-1537, Fax: (541)346-5891, Email:[email protected],
AWARD FOR OUTSTANDINGDOCTORAL THESIS RESEARCH
IN BEAM PHYSICS
Supported by the Universities Research Asso-ciation.
Purpose: To recognize doctoral thesis researchof outstanding quality and achievement inbeam physics and engineering.
Nature: The award consists of $1,500 and acertificate to be presented at an awards cer-emony at the Division of Physics of BeamsAnnual Meeting, as well as an additional al-lowance of up to $500 for travel to the meeting.
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to: RobertH Siemann, MS 26 SLAC, Stanford Univ, POBox 4349, Stanford CA 94309, Phone: (415)926-3892, Fax: (415) 926-4999, Email:[email protected]
JOHN H. DILLON MEDAL
Sponsored by Elsevier Science, Oxford, UK.,publishers of the journal, Polymer.
Purpose: To recognize outstanding accomplish-ments by young polymer physicists.
Nature: The award consists of $2,000, an al-lowance for travel to the meeting of the Societyat which the award is being presented, a bronzemedallion, and a certificate citing the accom-plishments of the recipient
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to: Eric JAmis, 224 B210 Polymers Div, NIST, Rte 270& Quince Orchard Rd, Gaithersburg, MD20899, Phone: (301) 975-6681, Fax: (301) 926-8012, Email: [email protected]
JOSEPH A. BURTON FORUMAWARD
Endowed in 1997 by Jean Dickey Apker
Purpose: To recognize outstanding contributionsto the public understanding or resolution of is-
sues involving the interface of physics and soci-ety.
Nature: The award consists of $3,000, a cer-tificate citing the contributions of the recipient,and an allowance for travel to the meeting ofthe Society at which the award is presented
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to: MarkSakitt, Directors Office Bldg 460, BrookhavenNatl Lab, PO Box 5000, Upton NY 11973-5000, Phone: (516) 344-3812, Fax: (516)344-5884, Email: [email protected]
JOSEPH F. KEITHLEY AWARD
Endowed by Keithley Instruments, Inc. andthe Instrument and Measurement ScienceTopical Group (IMSTG).
Purpose: To recognize physicists who havebeen instrumental in the development of mea-surement techniques or equipment that haveimpact on the physics community by provid-ing better measurements.
Nature: The prize consists of $5,000 and a cer-tificate citing the contributions made by therecipient, plus travel to the meeting at whichthe prize is bestowed.
Send name of proposed candidate and sup-porting information before 1 July 1998 to:Alan F Clark, B258 Metrology, NIST, Rte270 & Quince Orchard Rd, Gaithersburg MD20899, Phone: (301) 975-2139, Fax: (301) 926-3972, Email: [email protected]
MARIA GOEPPERT-MAYERAWARD
Sponsored by the GE Fund.
Purpose: To recognize and enhance outstand-ing achievement by a woman physicist in theearly years of her career, and to provide oppor-tunities for her to present these achievementsto others through public lectures.
Nature: The award consists of $2,500, plus a$4,000 travel allowance to provide opportuni-ties for the recipient to give lectures in herfield of physics at four institutions of her choiceand at the meeting of the Society at which theaward is bestowed.
Send name of proposed candidate and sup-porting information before 1 July 1998 to:Michael S Turner, Dept of Astronomy &Astrophysics, Univ of Chicago, 5640 S. EllisAve, Chicago, IL 60637, Phone: (773) 702-7974, Fax: (773) 702-8210, email :[email protected].
DISSERTATION IN NUCLEARPHYSICS AWARD
Sponsored by the Division of Nuclear Physics.
Purpose: To recognize a recent PhD in nuclearphysics.
Nature: The award consists of $1,000 and anallowance for travel to the annual APS SpringMeeting, where the award will be presented.
Send name of proposed candidate and sup-porting information before 1 July 1998 to:Stuart Freedman, Dept of Phys, UCB, Ber-keley CA 94720, Phone: (510) 486-7850,Fax: (510) 486-7983, Email: [email protected]
SHOCK COMPRESSION AWARD
Endowed by friends of the Topical Group onShock Compression in Condensed Matter.
Purpose: To recognize contributions to under-standing condensed matter and non-linearphysics through shock compression.
Nature: This Award consists of a cash awardof $2,000, a plaque citing the accomplishmentsof the recipient, and an allowance for travel tothe meeting at which it is to be presented.
Send name of proposed candidate and sup-porting information before 1 July 1998 to:Carter T White, Code 6179, Naval ResearchLaboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave. SW, Wash-
ington, DC 20375-5000, Phone: (202) 767-3270, Fax: (202) 404-8119, Email :[email protected]
LEO SZILARD AWARD FORPHYSICS IN THE PUBLIC
INTEREST
Purpose: To recognize outstanding accomplish-ments by a physicist in promoting the use of physicsfor the benefit of society in such areas as the envi-ronment, arms control, and science policy.
Nature: The award consists of a certificate cit-ing the contributions of the recipient, asculpture to be held one year and passed on tothe next winner, and an allowance for travelto the meeting of the Society at which theaward is presented.
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to: MarkSakitt, Directors Office Bldg 460, BrookhavenNatl Lab, PO Box 5000, Upton NY 11973-5000, Phone: (516) 344-3812, Fax: (516)344-5884, Email: [email protected]
JOHN WHEATLEY AWARD
Supported by the Forum on InternationalPhysics.
Purpose: To honor and recognize the dedica-tion of physicists who have made contributionsto the development of physics in countries ofthe third world.
Nature: The Award consists of a stipend of$2,000 and a certificate citing the contribu-tions made by the recipient.
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to:Raymond L Orbach, Chancellor’s Residence,4171 Watkins Dr, Riverside, CA 92507,Phone: (909) 787-5201, Fax: (909) 787-5587,Email: [email protected]
FRANCIS M. PIPKIN AWARDFRANCIS M. PIPKIN AWARDFRANCIS M. PIPKIN AWARDFRANCIS M. PIPKIN AWARDFRANCIS M. PIPKIN AWARD
Endowed by contributions from family mem-bers, friends, students, and colleagues of FrankPipkin.
Purpose: To honor exceptional research ac-complishments by a young scientist in theinterdisciplinary area of precision measurementand fundamental constants and to encouragethe wide dissemination of the results of thatresearch.
Nature: The award to be given bienniallyconsists of $2,000 plus support of travel ex-penses to the APS Meeting at which the Awardis conferred.
Send name of poropsed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to: LouisW Anderson, Dept of Phys, Univ of Wiscon-sin, 1150 University Ave, Madison WI 53706,Phone: (608) 262-8962, Fax: (608) 265-2334,Email: [email protected].
NICHOLAS METROPOLIS AWARDFOR OUTSTANDING DOCTORAL
THESIS WORK INCOMPUTCOMPUTCOMPUTCOMPUTCOMPUTAAAAATIONAL PHYSICSTIONAL PHYSICSTIONAL PHYSICSTIONAL PHYSICSTIONAL PHYSICS
Supported by Academic Press, publishers ofthe Journal of Computational Physics.
Purpose: The award is to recognize doctoralthesis research of outstanding quality andachievement in computational physics and toencourage effective written and oral presenta-tion of research results.
Nature: The award consists of $1,500 and acertificate to be presented at an awards cer-emony at the Division of ComputationalPhysics annual meeting and an additional al-lowance of up to $500 to travel to the meeting.
Send name of proposed candidate and support-ing information before 1 July 1998 to: DavidLandau, University of Georgia, Center forSimulation Physics, Athens, GA 30601, Phone:(706) 542-2908, Fax: (706) 542-2492, Email:[email protected].
APS News March 1998
8
APS Council Elects New APS FellowsThe APS Council elected 180 members as Fellows of the Society in 1997. Nominations for fellowship are received by the APS headquarters throughout the year, and are
forwarded for review to the appropriate division, topical group or forum fellowship committees. These in turn forward their recommendations to the APS FellowshipCommittee, chaired in 1997 by APS President-Elect Jerome Friedman, MIT. Fellowship nomination forms may be obtained from the January 1998 issue of APS News, from theAPS websidte [www.aps.org under the fellowship button], or by writing to the APS Fellowship Office, One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740-3844.
Åberg, Teijo E.W.Helsinki U. of TechnologyDAMOP (Atomic, Molecular, Optical)For seminal work and many contributions to the under-standing of radiationless transitions and the developmentof a unified theory of atomic excitation and de-excita-tion processes.
Aeppli, GabrielNEC Research Institute, Inc.DCMP (Condensed Matter)For contributions to the understanding of highly corre-lated electron systems and exotic superconductors usingneutron scattering.
Ashtekar, Abhay VasantThe Pennsylvania State UniversityGravitational Topical GroupFor his various contributions to classical and quantumgravitational physics, in particular the new canonicalvariables and the development of rigorous techniquesfor the quantization of gravity and other non-Abelianfield theories.
Bagger, Jonathan AndersJohns Hopkins UniversityParticles & FieldsFor his contributions to the theory and phenomenologyof supersymmetry, supergravity and supercolliders.
Barrett, Joseph JohnAllied Signal Inc.Forum on Industrial and Applied PhysicsFor his pioneering contributions in the development andapplications of new Raman and infrared techniques and,in particular, photoacoustic Raman spectroscopy forgas analysis and infrared sensors for avionics applica-tions.
Bechert, Dietrich WolfgangDLR (German Aerospace Research Est.)Fluid DynamicsFor seminal contributions in receptivity of shear flows,vortex sound absorption, amplification of jet noise, acous-tic array application on high speed train, and ingeniousexperiments of viscous drag reduction by using riblets.
Bell, Michael GeorgePrincetonPlasma PhysicsFor contributions to plasma performance optimizationand investigations of confinement and stability of toka-mak plasmas and for contributions to the experimentswhich let to the production of 10.7 MW of D-T fusionpower in TFTR in November 1994.
Bell, Kenneth LloydQueen’s UniversityForum on International PhysicsFor his fundamental and enduring contributions to thetheory of electron collisions with atoms and ions, photo-ionization and photodetachment, and to atomic structurewith particular emphasis on transition probabilities.
Bevk, JozeBell Labs, Lucent TechnologiesMaterials PhysicsFor his pioneering studies of the ultrafine filamentarycomposites; of the seminal research of the Si-Ge mono-layer superlattices and Si/SiO2 interfaces; and for thediscovery of boron confinement and trapping mecha-nisms in Si-based heterostructures.
Boebinger, Gregory ScottBell Labs., Lucent TechnologiesDCMP (Condensed Matter)For experimental investigations of magneto-transport inquantum wells and the normal state of high temperaturesuperconductors using pulsed magnetic fields.
Brandan, Maria-EsterIFUNAMNuclear PhysicsFor her contributions to the theoretical understanding ofthe interaction between heavy ions, deduced from analy-ses of their scattering in terms of refractive phenomena.
Brennan, Joseph MichaelBrookhaven National LaboratoryPhysics of BeamsFor contributions to the design, construction, and imple-mentation of synchrotron rf acceleration systems, andspecifically the AGS.
Broughton, Jeremy QuintonNaval Research LaboratoryComputational PhysicsFor outstanding contributions to large-scale numericalsimulations of materials behavior, in both the classicaland quantum domains.
Bruinsma, Robijn FredrikUCLADCMP (Condensed Matter)For contributions to the understanding of membranes,complex liquids, and random-field Ising models.
Calleja-Pardo, Jose ManuelUniversidad Autónoma de MadridForum on International PhysicsFor significant contributions to optical studies of semi-conductor quantum structures and for his role in theadvancement of experimental solid state research inSpain.
Cates Jr., Gordon D.Princeton UniversityFor his pioneering use of laser polarized gases to permituniquely detained images of mammalian lungs.
Chandler, David W.Sandia National LaboratoriesLaser ScienceFor important contributions to molecular dynamics, inparticular for his invention and applications ofphotofragment imaging and for his work using laser-induced gratings.
Chang, Hsueh ChiaUniversity of Notre DameFluid DynamicsFor his deep and elegant contributions to the mathemat-ics and to the physical understanding of nonlinear waveson thin films.
Clark, Robert BeckTexas A & M UniversityForum on EducationFor his contributions to establishing models for net-works linking the national and the international physicscommunities and his exceptional support of physicsteachers at all levels.
Coleman, Michael M.Penn State UniversityHigh Polymer PhysicsFor spectroscopic characterization of miscible polymerblends.
Colestock, Patrick L.FermilabPhysics of BeamsFor his pioneering application of plasma physics theo-retical formalisms to explain observed nonlinear beamdynamics in particle accelerators, and using thisnonlinearity as a powerful new beam diagnostic tool.
Cornell, Eric AllinJILA/NIST/Univ of ColoradoLaser ScienceFor pioneering research that led to the first observationof Bose-Einstein condensation in an atomic gas, anobservation that has opened a new area of investiga-tion in physics.
Drell, Persis S.Cornell UniversityParticles & FieldsFor her many important contributions to elementary par-ticle physics, including a systematic program tounderstand semileptonic decays of b quarks and mea-sure the CKM matrix element Vcb.
Dunford, Robert WalterArgonne National LaboratoryDAMOP (Atomic, Molecular, Optical)For extensive experimental studies in fundamental atomicphysics, especially in characterizing the properties offew-electron heavy-ion systems, thereby adding signifi-cantly to the understanding of relativistic quantummechanics and QED.
Dziuba, Ronald FrancisNISTInst. & Measurements Topical GroupFor exceptional contributions to the realization of theohm, the use of the quantum Hall effect as the primaryresistance standard, and professional support to themetrology and scientific communities.
Ediger, Mark D.University of WisconsinHigh Polymer PhysicsFor his insightful experimental and computational inves-tigations of local polymer dynamics in solutions andmelts.
Eklund, Peter ClayUniversity of KentuckyDCMP (Condensed Matter)For contributions to the synthesis and optical studies ofcarbon-based solids.
Ellison, Donald CharlesNorth Carolina State UniversityAstrophysicsFor his pioneering work in applying computer MonteCarlo techniques to greatly further understanding of theacceleration of charged particles by astrophysical plasmashocks.
Ernst, Wolfgang ErhardThe Pennsylvania State UniversityChemical PhysicsFor his contributions to high resolution laser spectros-copy of diatomic molecules at high sensitivity anddefinitive spectroscopic experiments on alkali trimersand their interpretation.
Estreicher, Stefan K.Texas Tech. Univ.Materials PhysicsFor his seminal contributions to our theoretical under-standing of interstitial defects in semiconductors andtheir roles in such phenomena as diffusion, passivation,activation, and defect clustering.
Eyler, Edward E.University of ConnecticutFundamental Const. Topical GroupFor precision spectroscopic measurements of simpleatomic and molecular systems, especially molecularhydrogen.
Feenstra, Randall M.Carnegie Mellon UniversityDCMP (Condensed Matter)For contributions to the development of the ScanningTunneling Microscope as a spectroscopic tool to probesemiconductor surfaces and surface phenomena.
Ferrone, Frank A.Drexel UniversityBiological PhysicsFor development of novel instrumentation and methodsto probe protein structure and assembly, and particu-larly for developing and elaborating a detailed physicalpicture of the polymerization of sickle hemoglobin.
Fischer, Erhard WolfgangMax Planck Institute for Polymer Res.Forum on International PhysicsFor his many seminal contributions to the fundamentalunderstanding of the structure and properties of solidpolymers.
Fisher, Raymond KurtGeneral AtomicsPlasma PhysicsFor innovative leading-edge contributions, including thefirst measurements of confined alphas and knock-ontails, the first observations of plasma resonance cones,and pioneering experiments on non-circular tokamaks.
Flatté, Stanley MartinUniversity of California, Santa CruzFor work on meson spectroscopy and for work on wavepropagation in random media with innovative contribu-tions to ocean acoustics, atmospheric optics, seismology,and numerical simulation.
Flory, Curt A.Hewlett-Packard LaboratoriesForum on Industrial and Applied PhysicsFor the imaginative use of theoretical physics in theanalysis and creation of precision frequency standards,microwave sources, acoustic signal processing and sens-ing devices, and mass spectrometry instrumentation.
Fowles, G. RichardWashington State UniversityShock Compression Topical GroupFor contributions to the education of shock compres-sion scientists and for pioneering theoretical andexperimental investigations in shock physics, includingelastic-plastic shock compression.
Freund, Henry PhilipScience Applications Internat. CorpPlasma PhysicsFor seminal contributions to the theory of collectiveradiation mechanisms in plasma and relativistic electronbeans, and the application of the theory to runawayelectron instabilities in tokamaks and to coherent radia-tion sources such as Free-Electron Lases and CerenkovMasers.
Frieman, Joshua AdamFermilabAstrophysicsIn recognition of his many contributions in the applica-tion of particle physics to early-universe cosmology.
Fry, Edward S.Texas A&M UniversityDAMOP (Atomic, Molecular, Optical)For new optical probes and effects ranging from thefoundations of quantum mechanics to ocean optics andlasing without inversion.
Fuda, Michael GeorgeState University of New York, BuffaloFew Body Systems Topical GroupFor the development of techniques for the analysis ofthe nonrelativistic and relativistic quantum mechanicsof few particle systems, and their applications to stronglyinteracting few particle systems.
Fuller, Robert G.University of NebraskaForum on EducationFor his development of video and computer materials forthe teaching of physics and his leadership in introduc-ing technology into the teaching of physics.
Gai, MosheUniversity of ConnecticutNuclear PhysicsFor his measurements of critical reaction rates in NuclearAstrophysics using innovative experimental techniques,as well as his measurements of enhanced El decays innuclei, with implications for the structure of reflexionasymmetric nuclei.
Ganguli, GurudasNaval Research LaboratoryPlasma PhysicsFor being a pioneer in the study of velocity shear-induced microinstabilities and the associated mesoscaleeffects on the global ionospheric and magnetosphericplasma state.
Garcia, Angel E.Los Alamos National LaboratoryBiological PhysicsFor the systematic study of the folding, the stability,and the dynamics of biomolecules, in particular of therole of water, using sophisticated molecular dynamicscomputations.
Gaster, MichaelQueen Mary & Westfield CollegeFluid DynamicsIn recognition of his fundamental contributions to theunderstanding of transition to turbulence, vortex shed-ding from bluff bodies and experimental aerodynamics.
George, Steven M.University of Colorado, BoulderChemical PhysicsFor advancements in our understanding of gas-surfaceenergy transfer dynamics, surface kinetics and diffu-sion processes, environmental chemistry at gas-surfaceinterfaces, heterogeneous catalysis, and chemically con-trolled eptiaxy of novel thin film materials.
Glazman, Leonid I.University of MinnesotaDCMP (Condensed Matter)For contributions to theories of electron transport andcorrelations in mesoscopic and low dimensional sys-tems,
Gleiser, Reinaldo JaimeUniversidad Nacional de Cordoba, ArgentiForum on International PhysicsFor his role in the development of physics in Cordoba,and for his contributions to the application of exactsolutions to Einstein equations and gravitational radia-tion theory.
Goodman, Jordan A.University of MarylandAstrophysicsFor many important contributions to the ground-basedstudies of high-energy cosmic rays and gamma rays, inparticular, the development and utilization of extensiveair-shower detectors.
Gor’kov, Lev PetrovichFlorida State UniversityDCMP (Condensed Matter)For the quantum field formulation of the theory of super-conductivity.
Gould, Phillip L.University of ConnecticutLaser ScienceFor his pioneering research in the use of lasers fordiffracting and manipulating atoms, cooling trapped at-oms to ultracold temperatures, ultracold atomic collisionsand developing techniques for photoassociative mo-lecular spectroscopy.
Grant, Paul MichaelElectric Power Research InstituteForum on Industrial and Applied PhysicsFor contributions to the fields of organic conductors andhigh temperature superconductivity.
Hamilton, William OliverLouisiana State UniversityInst. & Measurements Topical GroupFor pioneering work and continuing leadership in devel-oping gravitational-wave detectors, for back-actionevading measurements of mechanical squeezed states,and for the development of techniques for magneticshielding.
Hammett, Gregory W.Princeton Plasma Physics LaboratoryPlasma PhysicsFor development of fluid-like models containing Landaudamping and gyro-orbit averaging important in the simu-lation of drift wave turbulence, and for bounce averagedquasilinear theory of ion cyclotron heating.
Hannon, James PatrickRice UniversityDCMP (Condensed Matter)For theories of Mössbauer gamma-ray optics and ofresonant X-ray magnetic scattering.
Heenen, Paul HenriUniversite Libre de BruxellesNuclear PhysicsFor his many contributions to our understanding of thenuclear mean field, especially for the development ofself-consistent methods to study the static and dy-namic aspects of nuclear motion.
Hellman, FrancesUniv. of Calif., San DiegoMaterials PhysicsFor her studies on the interplay between magnetism andthe surface phenomena inherent to vapor depositiongrowth.
Herman, Irving PhilipColumbia UniversityLaser ScienceFor distinguished accomplishments in laser physics,notably the development and application of laser tech-niques to probe and control materials processing.
March 1998 APS News
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Hess, Harald FrederickBell Labs., Lucent TechnologiesDCMP (Condensed Matter)For contributions in magnetic evaporative cooling ofions and scanning probe microscopy.
Ho, Yew Kam EugeneAcademia Sinica (Taiwan)DAMOP (Atomic, Molecular, Optical)For seminal contribution to the understanding of atomicresonances in two-electron systems, with and withoutthe presence of electric field, through high precisionapplications of complex coordinate rotational method.
Hoffmann, William F.University of ArizonaAstrophysicsFor his pioneering work in the field of balloon-borne far-infrared astronomy and discovery of far-infrared radiationfrom Galactic Center; successful construction of theMulti Mirror Telescope (MMT) and application of infraredarray technology to astronomy.
Horie, YasuyukiNorth Carolina State UniversityShock Compression Topical GroupIn recognition of fundamental contributions to shockphysics, including research on the shock synthesis ofrefractory and ceramic composites and the develop-ment of computational models of shocked reactivepowders.
Hunter, Larry RusselAmherst CollegeFundamental Const. Topical GroupFor his contributions to precise tests of fundamentalphysical laws and symmetries, and in particular for sub-stantially improving the bound on the electric dipolemoment of the electron.
Hussaini, YousuffFlorida State UniversityFluid DynamicsFor scientific leadership and innovative and pioneeringresearch in the theory and application of computationalfluid dynamics, particularly spectral methods, to prob-lems in transition, compressible turbulence,shock-turbulence interaction, and aeroacoustics.
Isaac, Randall DuaneIBM T. J. Watson Research CenterForum on Industrial and Applied PhysicsFor outstanding contributions to advanced bipolar tech-nology and the 64Mb DRAM development.
Jackel, Lawrence DavidAT&T Bell LabsForum on Industrial and Applied PhysicsFor sustained contributions to the fields of microscienceand machine learning by increasing scientific under-standing and by developing technology and applying itto systems with commercial and industrial significance.
Jain, Jainendra KumarSUNY - Stony BrookDCMP (Condensed Matter)For the “Composite Fermion” theory of the fractionalquantum Hall effect.
Jiles, David CollingwoodIowa State UniversityMagnetism & Its ApplicationFor contributions to the understanding of ferromagnetichysteresis and related magnetic phenomena.
Jose, Jorge V.Northeastern UniversityDCMP (Condensed Matter)For contributions to the understanding of low dimen-sional critical phenomena and quantum chaos.
Kanter, Elliot PaulArgonne National LaboratoryDAMOP (Atomic, Molecular, Optical)For innovative studies of molecular structure and dy-namics and contributions to the development of CoulombExplosion Imaging as a quantitative technique.
Ketterle, WolfgangMITLaser ScienceFor pioneering research in achieving Bose-Einstein con-densation in an atomic vapor, and for seminal studieson the properties of the condensate.
Kisker, David WilliamIBM Research DivisionMaterials PhysicsFor contributions to the CVD growth of compound semi-conductor thin films and direct real time x-ray scatteringstudies of the growth mechanism.
Kivelson, Steven AllanUCLADCMP (Condensed Matter)For theoretical contributions to the understanding ofconducting polymers, the quantum Hall effect, and hightemperature superconductivity.
Kolb, Charles E.Aerodyne Research, Inc.Chemical PhysicsFor his design and utilization of innovative methods tostudy gas phase and heterogeneous chemical kineticsand to monitor trace species concentrations and fluxesin environmental and industrial processes.
Kuech, Thomas FrancisUniversity of WisconsinMaterials PhysicsFor his seminal contributions to the fundamental under-standing of vapor-phase growth of III-V compoundsemiconductors and his discovery of long-range orderin compound semiconductors.
Kurfess, James DanielNaval Research LaboratoryAstrophysicsFor broad contributions to High Energy Astrophysics, in-cluding gamma ray observations of solar flares, pulsars,supernovae, discrete and diffuse galactic sources andactive galactic nuclei.
L’Huillier, AnneLund UniversityDAMOP (Atomic, Molecular, Optical)For pioneering the understanding and development ofhigh-order harmonic generation by short laser pulses inatomic gases.
Ladanyi, Branka MariaColorado State UniversityChemical PhysicsFor her insightful contributions to the molecular theoryof fluids and its applications to solvation, optical re-sponse and dielectric properties.
Lagendijk, AdUniversity of AmsterdamForum on International PhysicsFor his pivotal experimental and theoretical contribu-tions to electromagnetic waves propagation throughstrongly scattering media, highlighted by the demon-stration of weak localization and extreme delay ofclassical wave propagation.
Lazarus, Edward AlanGeneral AtomicsPlasma PhysicsFor his insight and leadership in advanced plasma shapecontrol for improving tokamak performance.
Lee, Richard W.University of California, BerkeleyPlasma PhysicsFor technical contributions and outstanding outreach ofcodes for plasma spectroscopy.
Lee, Dung-HaiUniv. of Calif., BerkeleyDCMP (Condensed Matter)For contributions to the understanding of the phasesand phase transitions in quantum Hall systems.
Lee, Shyh-YuanIndiana UniversityPhysics of BeamsFor important and creative contributions in both beamtheory and experiments; in particular on the stability ofbeams with nonlinear perturbations, on the compensa-tion of depolarizing resonances, and on the experimentalstudy of complex beam phenomena.
Levinson, YehoshuaWeizmann Institute of ScienceForum on International PhysicsFor key contributions to our understanding of highlyexcited electron and phonon systems, including elec-tron population inversion in crossed electric and phononpopulation with frequency down-conversion.
Lightbody, John W.National Science FoundationNuclear PhysicsFor his research studying nuclear systems using elasticand inelastic electron scattering techniques, and for hisleadership in developing the nuclear physics program atthe National Science Foundation.
Likharev, Konstantin KonstantinSUNY Stony BrookDCMP (Condensed Matter)For contributions to the theory and applications of super-conducting and single-electron devices.
Liu, Keh-Fei FrankUniversity of KentuckyNuclear PhysicsFor pioneering work in lattice gauge calculations whichchecked nuclear models quantitatively.
Lockwood, David JohnNational Research CouncilForum on International PhysicsFor pioneering applications of inelastic light scatteringspectroscopy to phase transition dynamics, antiferro-magnetic excitations and optical excitations inlow-dimensional semiconductors, and for contributionsto international physics.
Luk, Kam-BiuLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryParticles & FieldsFor contributions to precision measurements of hyperonproperties and studies of heavy-quark production inproton-nucleus collisions, and for leadership in pursuingnovel approaches aimed at studying fundamental prob-lems.
Lyding, Joseph W.University of IllinoisDCMP (Condensed Matter)For contributions to STM-based nanofabrication schemesusing hydrogen and deuterium on silicon.
Madaras, Ronald JohnLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryParticles & FieldsFor his leadership in pioneering technical projects and inphysics analysis with the Fermilab DØ detector, thePEP TPC and the SPEAR Lead-Glass Wall.
Maguire, Charles FelixVanderbilt UniversityNuclear PhysicsFor his leading contributions to the area of non-equilib-rium particle emission and for the direction of thesimulation effort for the PHENIX detector at RHIC col-laboration.
Majkrzak, Charles FrancisNISTDCMP (Condensed Matter)For the contributions to neutron reflectometry and itsapplication to the physics of magnetic multilayers.
Maley, Martin PaulLos Alamos National LaboratoryDCMP (Condensed Matter)For contributions to the understanding of vortex dynamicsand transport in superconductors.
Mandich, Mary L.Bell LaboratoriesDAMOP (Atomic, Molecular, Optical)For the development and application of unique molecu-lar beam and spectroscopic tools for the study of theelectronic properties and chemistry of clusters.
Marriner, John PiperFermilabPhysics of BeamsFor his important contributions to accelerator physics,especially in the area of stochastic cooling, which haveled to record luminosities at the Fermilab Tevatron pro-ton-antiproton collider.
Marshalek, Eugene RichardUniversity of Notre DameNuclear PhysicsFor pioneering contributions to the microscopic theory ofnuclear collective motion, especially development ofboson mapping methods.
Martinis, John M.NISTDCMP (Condensed Matter)For his experimental investigations into the fundamentalquantum behavior of low-temperature electronic devices.
Marx, György MiklosEötvös Lorand Tudomanyegyetem (Hungary)Forum on International PhysicsFor seminal work in neutrino physics, including leptoncharge conservation and dark matter, his leadership inphysics education world-wide and his impact on re-search and teaching in Hungary.
Matzen, M. KeithSandia National LaboratoriesPlasma PhysicsFor pioneering work and leadership in the theory andexperiments that produced energetic, intense pulsed-power-driven x-ray sources and demonstrated theirapplications in ICF and radiation physics
McCarthy, Robert L.SUNYParticles & FieldsFor studies leading to a broader and more precise un-derstanding of the strong interactions, and for innovativedevelopments in particle detectors.
Meier, Robert R.Naval Research LaboratoryFor pioneering research in radiation transport theoryand space-based optical observations leading to under-standing of planetary coronae, magnetospheric imaging,interstellar hydrogen and helium and airglow on the earth,planets and comets.
Merritt, Frank S.The University of ChicagoParticles & FieldsFor studies of neutral current neutrino interactions andweakly decaying states produced in neutrino interac-tions, and for setting mass limits on the Higgs bosonand heavy leptons at LEP.
Mori, Warren B.UCLAPlasma PhysicsFor his outstanding contributions to particle simulationsof complex laser-plasma phenomena and of plasmabased light sources.
Ning, Tak HungIBM T. J. Watson Research CenterForum on Industrial and Applied PhysicsFor outstanding contributions to the understanding ofhot electron effects in MOSFET devices and advancesin bipolar technology.
O’Fallon, John R.US Department of EnergyParticles & FieldsFor his wise leadership of the Division of High EnergyPhysics within the Department of Energy, which hasnurtured a broad and productive U.S. research programin particle physics.
Osgood, Richard M.Columbia UniversityChemical PhysicsFor pioneering work initiating and fundamental studieselucidating light-induced chemical reactions on surfaces.
Ourmazd, AbbasInstitute for Semiconductor PhysicsForum on Industrial and Applied PhysicsFor work on the characterization of semiconductor inter-faces, the development of fast transistors, and serviceto the APS via his role in founding the Forum on Indus-trial and Applied Physics.
Paesler, Michael ArthurNorth Carolina State UniversityDCMP (Condensed Matter)For contributions to the physics of amorphous materi-als, and to the development of spectroscopic near fieldoptical microscopy.
Park, WonchullPrinceton Plasma Physics LaboratoryComputational PhysicsFor his pioneering contributions to resistive magneto-hydrodynamic theory and to computational physics; andfor his careful and extensive application and compari-son of these calculations with experiments.
Parr, Albert ClarenceNISTInst. & Measurements Topical GroupFor outstanding contributions to the development ofinnovative instruments and techniques for elucidatingatomic and molecular photoionization processes and fordefining national radiometric standards.
Pendrill, Ann-Marie MartenssonChalmers Univ. of TechnologyForum on International PhysicsFor her contributions to the development and used ofatomic many-body methods to explore relativistic ef-fects and parity non-conservation in heavy atoms.
Peppas, Nicholas A.Purdue UniversityHigh Polymer PhysicsFor exemplary research on the effects of structure andmolecular relaxations of polymers on the diffusion andtransport of penetrants and solutes and the develop-ment of theories of diffusion through polymers.
Petrou, AthosSUNY - BuffaloDCMP (Condensed Matter)For optical studies of heterostructures and elucidatingtheir band structure and optical properties.
Pine, David J.University of California, Santa BarbaraDCMP (Condensed Matter)For the development of light scattering techniques, in-cluding diffusing-wave spectroscopy, and theirapplication to the study of complex fluids.
Polchinski, Joseph G.Univ. of Calif., Santa BarbaraParticles & FieldsFor his major contributions to the understanding of quan-tum field theory, supersymmetry and string theory.
Pollack, EdwardUniversity of ConnecticutDAMOP (Atomic, Molecular, Optical)For pioneering work in keV energy ion-molecule andatom-molecule collisions leading to a better understand-ing of electron capture and electronic andvibro-rotationally inelastic interactions.
Prescott, Charles YoungStanford Linear Accelerator CenterParticles & FieldsFor his major contributions to our knowledge of the weakneutral current and the spin structure of the nucleonthrough experiments using polarized electron beams.
Putterman, SethUCLAFluid DynamicsFor a sustained record of important discoveries in sev-eral areas of fluid dynamics including sonoluminescence,turbulence, and quantum hydrodynamics.
Pynn, RogerLos Alamos National LaboratoryDCMP (Condensed Matter)For a leadership role in neutron scattering and for devel-oping new techniques for neutron scattering studies.
Radeka, VeljkoBrookhaven National LaboratoryParticles & FieldsFor outstanding contributions both to electronics fordetectors as well as detectors themselves used in par-ticle physics and related fields.
Raizen, Mark G.University of Texas - AustinDAMOP (Atomic, Molecular, Optical)For outstanding contributions to our understanding ofquantum effects in optics, especially at thequantum-classical interface.
Ramirez, Arthur PennBell LaboratoriesDCMP (Condensed Matter)For magnetic, thermal, and transport studies of corre-lated magnetism and superconductivity in low-dimensionaland geometrically-frustrated magnets, heavy-fermionmetals, fullerenes and colossal-magnetoresistance ma-terials.
Rao, B. D. NageswaraIndiana University Purdue University IndBiological PhysicsFor making effective use of high-resolution NMR meth-ods to obtain reliable structural and dynamicalcharacterization of enzyme-bound substrate complexesthereby contributing information critical to understand-ing the molecular basis of enzyme catalysis.
Rebka, Jr. Glen AndersonUniversity of WyomingNuclear PhysicsFor pioneering contributions to experimental general rela-tivity, nuclear physics with polarized protons and piondouble charge exchange.
Renardy, YurikoVirginia Tech.Fluid DynamicsFor her seminal contributions to the fluid dynamics ofinterfacial instabilities, through the mathematical analy-sis of viscous, viscoelastic and thermal effects.
APS News March 1998
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zero gravity
Richter, DieterInstitute for Solid State ResearchForum on International PhysicsFor his incisive neutron spin echo investigations en-abling improved understanding of the fundamentalinfluence of molecular weight and temperature on chaindynamics in the melt and glassy states.
Rolston, Steven LloydNISTLaser ScienceFor pioneering work applying laser cooling and trap-ping to the study of optical control of collisions, thequantum motion of atoms in optical lattices, and atomicproperties in metastable states.
Saam, William FrederickThe Ohio State UniversityDCMP (Condensed Matter)For theoretical predictions of interfacial structures andwetting transitions in classical and quantum systems.
Schriber, Stanley OwenLos Alamos National Lab.Physics of BeamsFor his leadership in the R&D for high-current protonlinear accelerators and for his support of the particleaccelerator community.
Schultz, Jerold M.University of DelewareHigh Polymer PhysicsFor contributions to scholarship and education in un-derstanding processing-structure-propertyrelationships in polymer systems, particularly in thearea of crystallization and structure development.
Shenoy, Gopal K.Argonne National LaboratoryMaterials PhysicsFor his contributions to the study of magnetic super-conductors and his pioneering role and leadership inthe development of the Advanced Photon Source.
Shifman, Mikhail A.University of MinnesotaParticles & FieldsFor his seminal contributions to nonperturbative dy-namics in gauge theories (QCD and supersymmetrictheories), and their observational consequences.
Shklovskii, Boris IonovichTheoretical Physics InstituteDCMP (Condensed Matter)For contributions to the theory of transport in disor-dered electronic systems.
Shvarts, DovNuclear Research Center - NegevForum on International PhysicsFor his penetrating insights in the development oftheories for ion and electron transport, high-Z opacity,and multimode nonlinear mixing due to the Rayleigh-Taylor and Richtmyer-Meshkov instabilities.
Sibener, Steven J.The University of ChicagoChemical PhysicsFor elucidating physical and chemical processes atsurfaces by inelastic helium scattering and othermeans.
Singh, David JosephNaval Research LaboratoryComputational PhysicsFor contributions to the understanding of complexmaterials using first principles calculations and fordevelopment of the tools for such calculations.
Skinner, James LauristonUniversity of WisconsinChemical PhysicsFor fundamental contributions to the theory of spec-troscopy and dynamics in liquids, glasses, andcrystals.
Skopik, Dennis MichaelUniversity of SaskatchewanForum on International PhysicsFor his research in nuclear and nucleon structureusing the electromagnetic interaction and his leader-ship role in the Saskatchewan Accelerator Laboratory300 MeV electron facility.
Skuja, AndrisUniversity of MarylandParticles & FieldsFor his leadership role in designing and developing com-plex particle physics experiments, especially the recentwork on collider experiments, including the CMS at theLHC in CERN.
Smits, Alexander J.Princeton UniversityFluid DynamicsFor unique contributions that have increased our physi-cal understanding of how turbulent boundary layersare influenced by Reynolds number, Mach number,curvature, shocks, and other perturbations.
Speziale, Charles G.Boston UniversityFluid DynamicsFor the rational analysis and modeling of turbulentflows that has enhanced our ability to compute com-plex flows of scientific importance.
Stanev, Todor StefanovUniversity of DelewareAstrophysicsFor outstanding contributions to understanding theorigin of cosmic rays at ultra-high energies and forpioneering research in the field of neutrino astrophysics.
Stratt, Richard MarkBrown UniversityChemical PhysicsFor major contributions to our understanding of the mi-croscopic origins of collective vibrational motions(instantaneous norm modes) in liquids and their ramifi-cations for ultrafast spectroscopy and liquid dynamicsin general.
Strikman, MarkPennsylvania State UniversityNuclear PhysicsFor developing light cone techniques for nuclear sys-tems, applying these to deep inelastic scattering andfor original contributions related to understanding andmeasuring the effects of color transparency.
Sutherland, Richard L.Science Applications International Corp.Forum on Industrial and Applied PhysicsFor his contributions to the understanding and applica-tion of non-linear optical materials and switchablevolumetric holograms.
Sutter, David FranklinUS Dept. of EnergyPhysics of BeamsFor continuous support of the particle accelerator com-munity through his leadership of U.S. D.O.E. programsof accelerator physics and technology.
Suzor-Weiner, AnnickUniversite Paris-SudDAMOP (Atomic, Molecular, Optical)For her pioneering development of the theory of disso-ciative recombination, and for many other contributionsto atomic and molecular physics which have stimulatedsignificant theoretical and experimental studies.
Swift, Gregory WilliamLos Alamos National LaboratoryForum on Industrial and Applied PhysicsFor pivotal experiments leading to a new understandingof the superfluid state and for the development ofthermoacoustic engines.
Tabak, MaxLawrence Livermore National LabPlasma PhysicsFor his exceptionally inventive and broad contributionsto the fields of laser and particle driven inertial fusion,and in particular for being the principal inventor of thefast ignitor concept.
Tang, ChaoNEC Research InstituteStatistical & Nonlinear PhysicsFor his pioneering contributions to the theory of Self-Organized Cr iticality, and many other originalcontributions in statistical and nonlinear physics.
Tarlé, GregoryUniversity of MichiganAstrophysicsFor his innovative work in measuring the antimatter con-tent of cosmic rays and other important research thatspans the boundaries of astrophysics, elementary par-ticle physics and nuclear physics.
Tarter, Curtis BruceLawrence Livermore National LaboratoryAstrophysicsFor his pioneering research on the physics of photo-ionized plasmas near astrophysical and laboratory x-raysources and for his leadership of the Lawrence LivermoreNational Laboratory, maintaining the highest scientificintegrity for this major US institution in a time of intensechange.
Thomas, John EdwardDuke UniversityDAMOP (Atomic, Molecular, Optical)For fundamental studies of collisions in atomic vaporsusing methods of laser spectroscopy and for subopticalwavelength position measurements and atom imaging.
Toussaint, DougUniversity of ArizonaComputational PhysicsFor innovative and broad ranging contributions to compu-tational physics including the development of special purposecomputers, numerical studies of strongly correlated elec-tron systems, and especially quantum chromodynamics.
Tranquada, John M.Brookhaven National LaboratoryDCMP (Condensed Matter)For contributions to the understanding of copper-oxidesuperconductors by use of x-ray absorption and neu-tron scattering techniques.
Tycko, RobertNIHChemical PhysicsFor contributions to the understanding of novel materi-als, to nuclear magnetic resonance methods for probingnovel materials, and to the fundamental principles ofmagnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Vainshtein, ArkadyUniversity of MinnesotaParticles & FieldsFor his seminal contributions to the confrontation of theStandard Model with experiment, and contributions tononperturbatic methods, among them QCD sum rules,and exact results in SUSY gauge theories.
Van de Walle, Chris G.Xerox PARCMaterials PhysicsFor innovative contributions to the theoretical under-standing of interfaces, defects, and impurities insemiconductors through the application of first-prin-
ciples calculations.
Verdon, Charles PeterUniversity of RochesterPlasma PhysicsFor developing ICF targets for direct drive that self-consistently incorporate beam smoothing andhydrodynamic stability constraints, and for developinga quantitative understanding of Rayleigh-Taylor instabil-ity for direct drive.
Victora, Randall HarryKodak Research LaboratoriesMaterials PhysicsFor quantitatively accurate predictions of magnetic hys-teresis, innovative calculations of the magnetic andelectronic structure for heterogeneous systems, andthe extension of these results to the development ofpractical materials.
Vignale, GiovanniUniversity of MissouriDCMP (Condensed Matter)For contributions to density functional theory.
Voloshin, Mikhael BorosoUniversity of MinnesotaParticles & FieldsFor development of new methods of analysis ofnonperturbative properties of quantum fields and el-ementary particles and applications of these in studiesof experimentally observed phenomena.
Voth, Gregory AlanUniversity of UtahChemical PhysicsFor his pioneering work on the theory of condensedphase processes, including quantum dynamics, interfa-cial electron transfer and quantum and classical activateddynamics.
Wang, Wen I.Columbia UniversityMaterials PhysicsFor outstanding contributions in high mobility materials,Schottky barriers, heterostructure physics, and long-range order in semiconductor alloys.
Wang, Shi-QingCase Western Reserve UniversityHigh Polymer PhysicsFor his seminal contributions to our knowledge of molecularmechanisms for flow instabilities, extrudate distortions andwall slip in capillary extrusion of polymer melts.
Weerts, Hendrick JosefMichigan State UniversityParticles & FieldsFor contributions to the building, commissioning andoperation of the D-Zero detector at the Fermilab Tevatroncollider, and using data to confront QCD predictions innew regions of phase space.
West, Geoffrey B.Los Alamos National LaboratoryParticles & FieldsFor contributions to the understanding of scaling in DeepInelastic Scattering and for the elucidation of glueballspectrum in QCD.
Wilkerson, John FranklinUniv. of WashingtonNuclear PhysicsFor the rigor he has brought to experimental neutrinophysics, in the first experiments on the low-energy solarneutrino flux and high-resolution measurements of thebeta decay of free molecular tritium.
Williams, Hugh HarrisonUniversity of PennsylvaniaParticles & FieldsFor experimental contributions to the establishmentof the electroweak theory, including measurements ofneutral current processes in neutrino interactions,measurements of the W and Z bosons, and discoveryof the top quark.
Williams, ClaudineCollege de FranceHigh Polymer PhysicsFor fundamental contributions to the understandingof the structure of poly-electrolyte solutions andion-containing polymers, and for pioneering noveltechniques for their characterization.
Wilson, Jack M.Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteForum on EducationFor his leadership in the development of computerassisted learning environments and physics educa-tion materials that enhance the students’ interactionwith the physics and substantially improves their op-portunities for learning.
Wootton, Alan JamesUniversity of Texas - AustinPlasma PhysicsFor extraordinary leadership in the experimental in-vestigation and understanding of turbulent processesin tokamaks and for guiding the development of newmethods for diagnosing tokamak plasmas.
Yurke, BernardLucent TechnologiesLaser ScienceFor theoretical and experimental research in quantumstates of light, especially the generation of squeezedlight in cavities and Schroedinger cat states.
Zajc, William A.Columbia UniversityNuclear PhysicsFor his landmark contribution to experimental studies oftwo-boson correlation in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
Zangwill, Andrew MarkGeorgia Institute of TechnologyMaterials PhysicsFor diverse theoretical contributions to surface and thin-film physics, most particularly, the kinetics ofmorphological evolutions during epitaxial growth.
Zelevinsky, Vladimir G.Michigan State UniversityNuclear PhysicsFor his seminal contributions to many-body theory, in-cluding, the theoretical foundations for fermion-bosonmapping, discovery of the O(5) dynamic symmetry forsoft nuclei, and the elucidation of many-body quantumchaos.
Zollman, Dean A.Kansas State UniversityForum on EducationFor producing innovative multi-media materials that havedemonstrated great value in teaching physics and forleadership in training and encouraging physics teachersat all levels to use technology.
RECENT REPLIES TO INVITATIONS TO THE APS CENTENNIAL
• Pierre and Marie Curie were radiating enthusiasm.• Einstein thought it would be relatively easy to attend.• Volta was electrified and Archemedes, buoyant at the thought of it.• Ampere was worried he wasn�t up to current research.• Ohm resisted the idea at first.• Boyle said he was under too much pressure.• Edison thought it would be an illuminating experience.• Watt reckoned it would be a good way to let off steam.• Stephenson thought the whole idea was loco.• Wilbur Wright accepted, provided he and Orville could get a flight.• Dr Jekyll declined - he hadn�t been feeling himself lately.• Morse�s reply: I�ll be there on the dot. Can�t stop now, must dash.• Heisenberg was uncertain if he could make it.• Hertz said in the future he planned to attend with greater frequency.• Henry begged off due to a low capacity for alcohol.• Audubon said he�d have to wing it.• Hawking said he�d try to string enough time together to make a space in his
schedule.• Darwin said he�d have to see what evolved.• Schrodinger had to take his cat to the vet - or did he?• Mendel said he�d put some things together and see what came out.• Descartes said he�d think about it.• Newton was moved to attend.• Pavlov was drooling at the thought.• Gauss was asked to attend because of his magnetic personality.
March 1998 APS News
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appointment in the physics department at UC, Berkeley,he joined the faculty of that institution in 1969, and hasremained there ever since. He has worked extensively onthe theory and practice of low-T
c dc-SQUIDs and applied
them to such diverse areas as charge imbalance in super-conductors, geophysics and nuclear magnetic resonance.His group is currently using SQUIDs for biology, NMRand nondestructive evaluation, as well as developing gradi-ometers for magnetocardiology.
JOHN H. DILLON MEDAL
The John H. Dillon Medal was established in 1983 by theDivision of High Polymer Physics and sponsored by ElsevierScience, publisher of the journal Polymer, to recognize out-standing research accomplishments by a young polymerphysicist.
Spiros H. AnastasiadisF.O.R.T.H., Crete
Citation: “For pioneering studies of the structure and dy-namics of polymer solutions, melts, interfaces, and thin films.”
Anastasiadis received his PhD in chemical engineeringfrom Princeton University in 1988 and did postdoctoralresearch at the IBM Almaden Research Center. He is cur-rently an associate professor in the physics department atthe University of Crete, and a research staff member atthe Institute of Electronic Structure and Lasers at the Foun-dation for Research and Technology, Hellas, in Greece.His main research interests include polymer surfaces/in-terfaces and thin films, the structure and dynamics ofpolymer blends, co-polymers, and anchored chains.
Physicists To Be Honored(continued form page 2)
IN BRIEF Callfor NSF Scholar-in-Residence at NIH
The Directorates for Mathematical and Physical Sciences and Engineering of the National ScienceFoundation and the National Institutes of Health are co-sponsoring a new activity, NSF 98-48: NSFScholar-in-Residence at NIH. This activity provides support for mathematical and physical scientistsand engineers to develop research collaborations within the intramural research environment at theNIH. It is designed to help bridge the interests of the research communities served by NSF and the NIH,and to catalyze productive interactions which can enrich both. The full announcement of this activity,together with contact information for interested individuals, is accessible electronically through theNSF web page at: http://www.nsf.gov/pubs/1998/nsf9848/nsf9848.htm
Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty
In January, J. Robert Schrieffer, a past President of the APS, and APS President-Elect Jerome Fried-man sent a joint letter to all Nobel laureates in physics, urging them to write to their Congressionalrepresentatives and endorse the APS Council Statement on the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT),unanimously approved last April. (see APS News, July 1997) The APS statement maintains that “contin-ued nuclear testing is not required to retain confidence in the safety, reliability, and performance ofnuclear weapons in the U.S. stockpile, provided science and technology programs necessary for stock-pile stewardship are maintained.” The U.S. Senate began reviewing the CTBT in early January inanticipation of an upcoming vote on its ratification. “We believe that this treaty is a vital step inadvancing nuclear nonproliferation and is of extraordinary importance to world security,” the APSofficers wrote in their letter. APS members wishing to add their support should contact Francis Slakey,APS Associate Director of Public Affairs, 202-662-8700; [email protected].
Lev Okun Honored as Humanitarian
In December, Lev Okun, head of the Laboratory of Particle Theory at the Institute of Theoreticaland Experimental Physics (ITEP) in Moscow, was honored by the George Soros and the Open SocietyInstitute for his humanitarian contributions in the effort to preserve and maintain a strong communityof scientists and science in Russia and the former Soviet Union. In the U.S. as a visiting lecturer at theStanford Linear Accelerator Center, Okun received a special prize of $25,000 “in recognition of hisdedicated and selfless devotion to the cause of Russian Scientists.” Aside from his distinguished reputa-tion as one of the outstanding theoretical particle physicists of our time, and decision to remain inRussia to keep the ITEP alive, Okun was a member of the Executive Board of Soros’ InternationalScience Foundation, evaluating grant proposals to ensure that funds went to the best scientists.
Deutch Appointed to PCAST
In January, President Clinton announced his appointment of John M. Deutch, a professor in theDepartment of Chemistry at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and an APS Fellow, as a Mem-ber of the President’s Committee of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST). Deutch served asUndersecretary of Defense from March 1993 to April 1994, Deputy Secretary of Defense from April1994 to May 1995, and Director of Central Intelligence from May 1995 to December 1996. He obtainedundergraduate degrees at Amherst College and MIT, and obtained his Ph.D. in Physical Chemistryfrom MIT in 1965. PCAST was established on November 23, 1993. It was created to advise the Presidenton matters involving science and technology, and to assist the National Science and Technology Coun-cil in securing private sector involvement in its activities.
New Editorial Board Membersfor PR and PRL
The following individuals were appointed or re-appointed as members of the Editorial Boards of PhysicalReview and Physical Review Letters in 1998:
Physical Review A
Keith Burnett, University of OxfordHoward Carmichael, University of OregonGordon W.F. Drake, University of Windsor, CanadaM. Yu Ivanov, National Research Council of CanadaEugen Merzbacher, University of North CarolinaRobert F. O�Connell, Louisiana State UniversityJean-Michel Raimond, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, FranceJanine Shertzer, College of the Holy Cross
Physical Review B
Hidetoshi Fukuyama, University of TokyoPatricia M. Mooney, IBM/T.J. Watson Research CenterJ.B. Pendry, Imperial CollegeJose A. Riera, Universidad National de Rosario, Argentina
(currently at Universite Paul Sabatier, France)B. Sriram Shastry, Indian Institute of Science
Physical Review C
Walter Benenson, Michigan State UniversityBarbara V. Jacak, State University of New York, Stony
BrookChe Ming Ko, Texas A&M UniversityRichard G. Milner, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyAnthony W. Thomas, University of Adelaide
Physical Review D
Keijo Kajantie, CERNV.A. Rubakov, Russian Academy of Sciences(currently at
University of Tokyo)Davison E. Soper, University of Oregon
Physical Review E
Joseph A. Bisognano, Thomas Jefferson NationalAccelerator Facility
David Griffiths, Reed CollegeMartin C. Gutzwiller, IBM/T.J. Watson Research CenterE.J. Hinch, University of CambridgeYu Kivshar, Austrailian National UniversityAndrea Liu, University of CaliforniaS.R. Nagel, University of Chicago
Physical Review Letters
Ian Affleck, University of British ColumbiaIsrael Bar-Joseph, Weizmann Institute of ScienceAlexander Fetter, Stanford UniversityJerome L. Friedman, University of WisconsinUlrich Heinz, Universitat Regensburg, GermanyDavid A. Huse, Princeton UniversityStephan W. Koch, Philipps University, GermanyKurt Kremer, Max Planck Institut fur PolymerforschungM. Stone, University of Illinois
DAVID ADLER LECTURESHIP AWARD
The David Adler Lectureship Award was established in1988 by contributions from friends of David Adler. Itspurpose is to recognize an outstanding contributor to thefield of materials physics, who is noted for research, re-view articles, and lecturing.
Joe GreeneUniversity of Illinois
Citation: “For outstanding research and lecturing on thephysics and chemistry of thin films.”
Greene received his PhD in materials science from theUniversity of Southern California in 1971 and joined theUniversity of Illinois, where he is presently a professorand head of the Electronic Materials Division. The focusof his research has been the development of an atomic-level understanding of atom/surface interactions duringvapor-phase crystal growth.
1997 Apker Award
Editor’s Note: Anna Lopatnikova, recipient of the 1997Apker Award for undergraduate achievement in a PhD grant-ing department will also be honored at the ceremonial sessionat the March Meeting. See January 1998 issue of APS Newsfor a description of Lopatnikova’s achievements.
CAUGHT IN THE WEB
Notable additions to the APS Web Server.
The APS Web Server can be found at
http://www.aps.org
APS News Online latest edi-tion• APS News Education &
Outreach Special Issue
APS Committees andGovernance
• APS Council minutes• APS Committee Annual
Reports
Journals• RMP Affiliate prices revised
Units• DMP Newsletter• DAMOP Newsletter and
meeting announcement
Meetings• March Meeting Program• Meeting Calendar updated• Four Corners Section call
for papers
GOTTA JOB? GETTA JOB!Preparing Physicists For Work is a newly published
book on career development and job-seeking resourcesfor physics graduates holding Bachelors through PhDdegrees. The book grew out of Career Workshops con-ducted at AIP Member Society meetings. It containssections on motivation and skills assessment, resumewriting, networking, researching companies, interview
preparation, and negotiating. The book also contains em-ployment statistics and profiles of physicists in the workplace.This book is an invaluable resource and guide for physicsstudents and graduates. It is available for $10, plus ship-ping, from the Career Services Division, American Instituteof Physics; tel: 301-209-3190; fax: 301-209-0841; e-mail:[email protected].
APS News March 1998
12
THE BACK PAGE
Last year in his State of the Unionaddress, President Clinton called for
“action to strengthen education andharness the forces of technology andscience” to prepare America for the 21stcentury. In May, on the weekend after heand Congressional leaders had finalizedthe details of the historic, bipartisanbudget agreement, he announced atMorgan State University [see Back Pageby President Clinton in the July 1997 APSNews] that “this agreement contains amajor investment in science andtechnology, inspired in ouradministration by the leadership of VicePresident Gore, to keep America on thecutting edge of positive change, to createthe best jobs of tomorrow, to advance thequality of life for all Americans.”
Many in the scientific community wereskeptical. But in this year’s State of theUnion message, the President emphasizedthat our investments in science and tech-nology, our passion for discovery, and oursense of adventure were at the heart of hisstrategy to assure America’s prosperityinto the twenty-first century. The proof isin the President’s FY 1999 budget forR&D: unprecedented commitment to
public investment in scientific researchcombined with the first balanced budgetin 30 years!
Investing Across the Frontiers ofScience
The President’s budget request for re-search and development in FY 1999 totals$78.2 billion, up 3 percent. The centerpieceis the 21st Century Research Fund, whichtargets research programs in ten civilianagencies for an 8 percent overall increaseto $31.1 billion. This fund will grow by 32percent over the next 5 years, directingnew resources into expanding fundamen-tal knowledge, and creating the newtechnologies and industries that will leadto untold thousands of new, high-wagejobs. These public investments will alsoinvigorate the American science and tech-nology enterprise to expand knowledgeand create innovations that, together, willinspire further inquiry, progress, and pros-perity.
Because nearly every family has lovedones suffering from cancer, diabetes,AIDS, or other diseases, and Americansknow research will lead to cures, publicfunding for biomedical research is atrecord levels. In FY 1999, NIH is slated
for an unprecedented increase of $1.15billion. Today health researchers aremaking phenomenal progress in decipher-ing the structure of proteins, the propertiesof cells and genes, and the circuitry of thehuman brain. This capability rests firmlyupon decades of discoveries in physics,chemistry, mathematics, engineering,computer science, and other fields that,at first glance, appear unrelated to healthcare. Harold Varmus, the Director ofNIH, is a staunch advocate for strong pub-lic support for these non-medical fields,because their contributions will underpinyet-to-be-developedtreatments formany of our mostdevastating ill-nesses anddisabilities.
In the President’sbudget, physics andrelated fields alsofare well, with 11percent increasesoverall for R&D atthe Department ofEnergy (DOE) andfor the Mathemat-ics and Physical Sciences Directorate atthe National Science Foundation (NSF).Basic research at the Department of De-fense climbs 7 percent. Space Science atNASA also rises. Substantial investmentsin many agencies are devoted to the ma-jor scientific facilities so critical toadvancing physics, but also serving bio-medical research, pharmaceutical design,and even archeology and agriculture. Inthe President’s FY 1999 budget, $87 mil-lion is set aside for U.S. participation inthe international Large Hadron Collider;$157 million will start construction on theeagerly awaited Spallation NeutronSource; additional funding is proposed forsynchrotron light sources, telescopes, theNational Ignition Facility at Livermore,the Laser Interferometer Gravity WaveObservatory (LIGO), the B-Factory atStanford, Fermilab’s Main Injector, theRelativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)at Brookhaven; and new space sciencemissions sponsored by NASA.
Harnessing the Forces of Sciencefor the Challenges of the 21stCentury
Sustained investment in science andtechnology is absolutely essential for solv-ing many of humanity’s greatestchallenges, such as climate change, dis-ease, energy sustainability, globalsecurity, and abundant and safe suppliesof food and water. Whether conducted atour world-class research universities orat our world-renowned Federal and in-dustrial laboratories, research on suchcomplex issues will help keep the UnitedStates at the cutting edge. The effect of theproposed increases in funding for R&Dwill be amplified by the Administration’sconcurrent and continuing emphasis onimproving the cost effectiveness of everyresearch dollar.
President Clinton and Vice President
Resources for Science and Technology: Investments in America’s FutureBy John H. Gibbons, Assistant to the President for Science and Technology andDirector of the Office of Science and Technology Policy
Gore are steadfastly committed to theimportance of science, engineering, andtechnology to America’s future. Both lead-ers emphasize that diverse fields ofscience are intricately interconnected,with each breakthrough stimulating achain reaction of advances in seeminglyunrelated areas. These advances createnew jobs and industries, thereby spurringAmerica’s economic growth. Addition-ally, the President and Vice Presidentpoint out that public investments are es-sential to long-term, groundbreakingresearch and to keeping our scientific in-
frastructure at thefrontier.
Physics is a cor-nerstone of ourscience and tech-nology enterprise,with exciting fron-tiers of its own, anda track record richin linkages andspinoffs benefitingother fields. Thediscovery of the la-ser by Nobellaureate Charles
Townes has led to numerous applicationsfrom medicine to manufacturing, fromnon-invasive surgery to atom cooling andtrapping. High-energy physicists workingat CERN invented the World Wide Webto solve their problem of real-time com-munication among collaboratorsscattered around the world. Just lastmonth the intricate insights obtained frommore than 570 million years old micro-fossils from China impressed me yet againwith the awesome—but often unsung—capabilities the tools and developmentsfrom physics provide other scientific fieldsand society at large.
Looking Ahead
By providing the best scientific andtechnical knowhow and combining itwith wise legislative action, America cansuccessfully address its twenty-first-cen-tury challenges. For the sake of futuregenerations, we must—among otherthings—reduce carbon emissions, ratifythe Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty,implement the thousand-fold increase innetwork speed promised by the NextGeneration Internet, and pursue partner-ships that speed the transfer of resultsfrom the laboratory to the marketplace.
Last December, a blizzard of lettersfrom scientists and students from all partsof the country enveloped the White Houseurging increased government support forscience. Physicists, astronomers, geo-physicists, biologists—you nameit—reiterated the importance of publiclyfunded research to achieving our overreaching national goals of economicgrowth and prosperity, personal health,national security, global stability, andenvironmental stewardship. Many writ-ers provided eloquent examples of theinterconnections and benefits of research,and the emergence of exciting interdisci-plinary areas defining the frontiers of
“Physics is a cornerstoneof our science and tech-nology enterprise, withexciting frontiers of itsown, and a track record
rich in linkages andspinoffs benefiting other
fields.”
“... a blizzard of lettersfrom scientists and stu-dents from all parts ofthe country enveloped
the White House urgingincreased governmentsupport for science.”
“The proof is in thePresident’s FY 1999budget for R&D: un-
precedentedcommitment to publicinvestment in scientific
research...”
knowledge today. They also wrote of theimportance and difficulty of attractingbright students—particularly ones fromunder represented groups—to scientificcareers.
As the President has noted, “The fu-ture, it is often said, has no constituency.But the truth is, we must all be the con-stituency of the future. We have a duty—toourselves, to our children, to future gen-erations—to make these farsightedinvestments in science and technology tohelp us master this moment of change andto build a better America for the twenty-first century.” At the White House, weare confident that the bipartisan supportfor research will lead to Congressionalpassage of the President’s R&D budget.
