Applied bacterial metabolism and geneticsguralnl/gural/318Applied bacterial... · Applied bacterial...
Transcript of Applied bacterial metabolism and geneticsguralnl/gural/318Applied bacterial... · Applied bacterial...
Applied bacterial metabolism and genetics
• Food microbiology• Industrial• Environmental• Biological Warfare &
Bioterrorism
Human Insulin from E. Coli
Food Microbiology
• Fermented foods• Starter cultures
Examples
Industrial
• Batch production = organisms ferment their substrate until exhausted and then end product is harvested.
• Continuous flow production = Vat is constantly fed nutrients and product and wastes are removed
Industrial
Water and waste water treatment
• Drinking water• Wastewater treatment
Methane from a landfill
Potable Drinking water
• Sedimentation• Filtration• Disinfection
Water quality testing
Filtration then EMB agar
Treatment of Wastewater
• Primary treatment• Secondary Treatment• Biological oxygen
demand• Tertiary treatment =
removal on nutrients
Methods
Artificial wetlands
Bioremediation
• Acid mines• Oil eating bacteria
Microbial ecology
• Importance in Ecosystems
• Primary producers• Biogeochemical
cycles• Nitrogen fixation• Decomposers
Biological warfare & Bioterroism
• Criteria1. Public health impact2. Delivery potential3. Public perception4. Preparedness
Biotechnology
• Genomes• Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic agents• Agricultural applications• Ethics
Overview
Genomes and mapping
Candida albicans: fungal infections 2000 more genes than yeast, switch from yeast to filamentous state
Disease diagnosis
Products of DNA technology
Agricultural applications
• Herbicide resistance• Salt tolerance• Pest resitance• Freezing tolerance• Nutritional value• Vaccines
Gene Therapy
Bioethics
• Cost and benefits to society• Engineering animals for human uses• Genes can move to non-target species• Routine genetic screening