Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Anklecfje/2440/ankle-applied.pdf · Applied Anatomy of the Lower...

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Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Ankle What’s wrong with this picture?

Transcript of Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Anklecfje/2440/ankle-applied.pdf · Applied Anatomy of the Lower...

Page 1: Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Anklecfje/2440/ankle-applied.pdf · Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Ankle What’ s wr ong with this pictur e? Topics Exercises Stretching Walking

Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Ankle

What’s wrong

with this pictu

re?

Page 2: Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Anklecfje/2440/ankle-applied.pdf · Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Ankle What’ s wr ong with this pictur e? Topics Exercises Stretching Walking

Topics

Exercises

Stretching

Walking gait cycle

Sprains

Shin splints

Plantar fascia

Achilles tendon

Turf toe

Page 3: Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Anklecfje/2440/ankle-applied.pdf · Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Ankle What’ s wr ong with this pictur e? Topics Exercises Stretching Walking

Wobble Boards

Ankle Exercises

Page 4: Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Anklecfje/2440/ankle-applied.pdf · Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Ankle What’ s wr ong with this pictur e? Topics Exercises Stretching Walking

Balance Board

Page 5: Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Anklecfje/2440/ankle-applied.pdf · Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Ankle What’ s wr ong with this pictur e? Topics Exercises Stretching Walking

Calf Raises

Page 6: Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Anklecfje/2440/ankle-applied.pdf · Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Ankle What’ s wr ong with this pictur e? Topics Exercises Stretching Walking

Rocking Calf Raises

Page 7: Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Anklecfje/2440/ankle-applied.pdf · Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Ankle What’ s wr ong with this pictur e? Topics Exercises Stretching Walking

Ankle Exercises

• Calf stretch

• Soleus stretch

• Resisted dorsal and plantar flexion

• Heel raises

• Step-up

• Jump rope

Page 8: Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Anklecfje/2440/ankle-applied.pdf · Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Ankle What’ s wr ong with this pictur e? Topics Exercises Stretching Walking

• Stance Phase

• Heel-strike

• Midstance

• Toe-off

• Swing Phase

Walking Gait

Page 9: Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Anklecfje/2440/ankle-applied.pdf · Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Ankle What’ s wr ong with this pictur e? Topics Exercises Stretching Walking

• Pronation - a combination of dorsiflexion, eversion, and abduction (toe out)

• Supination - a combination of plantar flexion, inversion, and adduction (toe in)

Additional Movements

Page 10: Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Anklecfje/2440/ankle-applied.pdf · Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Ankle What’ s wr ong with this pictur e? Topics Exercises Stretching Walking

• Excessive pronation or supination can be prevented with proper shoes.

Page 11: Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Anklecfje/2440/ankle-applied.pdf · Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Ankle What’ s wr ong with this pictur e? Topics Exercises Stretching Walking

• Medial malleolus is shorter than the lateral mallelous

• More inversion (20-30º) than eversion (5-15º)

• Excessive inversion - stretches the lateral ligaments.

" Lateral sprains involve the anterior talofibular and calcanofibular ligaments.

" Deltoid ligament is sprained less often.

Ankle Sprains

Page 12: Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Anklecfje/2440/ankle-applied.pdf · Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Ankle What’ s wr ong with this pictur e? Topics Exercises Stretching Walking

Ankle Sprains

Page 13: Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Anklecfje/2440/ankle-applied.pdf · Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Ankle What’ s wr ong with this pictur e? Topics Exercises Stretching Walking

Ankle Sprain

• Anterior tibiofibular ligament

• High ankle sprain

Page 14: Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Anklecfje/2440/ankle-applied.pdf · Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Ankle What’ s wr ong with this pictur e? Topics Exercises Stretching Walking

• 1st Degree:

• Stretching of ligament(s)

• 2nd Degree

• Partial tear

• 3rd Degree

• Complete tear

Classification of Sprains

Page 15: Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Anklecfje/2440/ankle-applied.pdf · Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Ankle What’ s wr ong with this pictur e? Topics Exercises Stretching Walking

• Non-specific injury

• Muscles

• Tibialis posterior

• Tibialis anterior

• Medial soleus

• Extensor digitorum

• Strenghten plantar flexors

• Stretch dorsiflexors

Shin Splints

Page 16: Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Anklecfje/2440/ankle-applied.pdf · Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Ankle What’ s wr ong with this pictur e? Topics Exercises Stretching Walking

• Plantar fascia - calcaneus to the metatarsals.

• Maintains the longitudinal arches of the foot.

• Plantar fasciitis - inflammation of the plantar fascia

• Plantar surface of the calcaneus

Plantar Fasciitis

Page 17: Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Anklecfje/2440/ankle-applied.pdf · Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Ankle What’ s wr ong with this pictur e? Topics Exercises Stretching Walking

Achilles Tendon

• Tendonitis

• Excessive eversion/pronation, etc.

• Ruptures

• Most frequently ruptured tendon

• Eccentric loading during abrupt stopping, landing from a jump.

Page 18: Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Anklecfje/2440/ankle-applied.pdf · Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Ankle What’ s wr ong with this pictur e? Topics Exercises Stretching Walking
Page 19: Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Anklecfje/2440/ankle-applied.pdf · Applied Anatomy of the Lower Leg & Ankle What’ s wr ong with this pictur e? Topics Exercises Stretching Walking

• Bruise or sprain between the first metatarsal and the first proximal phalange.

• Hyperextension

Turf Toe