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Applications of OO System Engineering Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems 04/21/23
Application of Object Oriented Systems Engineering
Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems
Vinnie Ferrando
Florence Heidel
Joe Marcinek
Copyright, 2003 Harris Corporation. All rights reserved
Applications of OO System Engineering Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems 04/21/23
Topics
• Complex Systems – Systems Engineering Challenges
• Object Oriented (OO) Systems Engineering Analysis and Design Methodology
• Integrated Tools Environment• Automated Document Generation
Applications of OO System Engineering Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems 04/21/23
Some Characteristics of Complex Systems
• Real-time• Distributed, multiple processors• Multiple modes and configurations• System of systems – e.g., National Airspace System
(NAS)
• Multiple customers - Military, Civilian, Commercial
• Complex integration and test
• Multiple complex interfaces – legacy and new
• Transition into existing 24x7 operation
Applications of OO System Engineering Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems 04/21/23
System Engineering - Complex Systems
• Multiple levels of specifications (CDRLs):– Specs: system, subsystem, software, hardware– Specialty engineering: safety, security, RMA, human factors, etc.– Interfaces: ICD, IRS (new and legacy)– Design and construction standards: EMI, RFI, Seismic, Fire, ISO,
RTCA, ICAO, Mil-STD, FAA-STD, etc.
• Tens of thousands of requirements to manage• System Engineering Methodology (e.g., EIA 632)• Subcontract / team member management• Programmatics of development, test, manufacturing,
deployment, transition, logistics, training, etc.
Applications of OO System Engineering Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems 04/21/23
OO Systems Engineering Analysis and Design Methodology
• What is OO?
• OO System Engineering Approach:– Requirements/Domain Analysis– Modeling– Design
Applications of OO System Engineering Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems 04/21/23
OO Systems Engineering Analysis and Design Methodology
• OO: System is a collection of collaborating agent/objects– Object: Abstraction of real-world that contains functions
and data– One object is a black box to another object– Encapsulation: Each object only needs to know how it
interacts with other objects
ObjectA
ObjectB
ObjectC
1) Requests Data from Object B
3) Requests Data from Object C
2) Object B needs data from ObjectC to fulfill Object A request
Object A doesn’t know howObject B fulfills its request;it only cares about the interaction with B.
Applications of OO System Engineering Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems 04/21/23
• Analysis– Use Case-Based Analysis Methodology– Define what the system needs to do from a
user’s/actor’s perspective• Define all of these functions based on customer
requirements
OO Systems Engineering Analysis and Design Methodology
UplinkTDMA Voice
Air Traffic Controller Aircraft
Analog Voice TDMA Packet
Confirmation
System
Applications of OO System Engineering Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems 04/21/23
• Modeling– Model the system to define lower-level objects– Depending on complexity of system, various
levels of analysis are needed
OO Systems Engineering Analysis and Design Methodology
UplinkTDMA Voice
Air Traffic Controller Aircraft
Analog Voice TDMA Packet
Confirmation
Air Traffic Controller Aircraft
Analog Voice TDMA Packet
Confirmation
System
Subsystem 1 Subsystem 2
VocodeVoice
SchedulePacketData
Packet
Applications of OO System Engineering Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems 04/21/23
• Example: Modeling using Sequence Diagrams– Emphasize sequence of events– Depict concurrent operations, which are
invaluable for hunting down race conditions
– Capture the time component of interactions between entities at the system and subsystem levels
OO Systems Engineering Analysis and Design Methodology
Applications of OO System Engineering Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems 04/21/23
OO Systems Engineering Analysis and Design Methodology
Applications of OO System Engineering Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems 04/21/23
• Use Cases drive analysis approach for specifying requirements – Use Cases are detailed, structured, text-based
descriptions of interactive usage– Use Cases have overview, pre- and post-
conditions, issues and assumptions for the main flow and alternative flows
– Use Case Analysis and Requirements Generation is an iterative process to handling complex system
– Use Case Analysis at system level, subsystem level as well as process level provides all required capabilities
OO Systems Engineering Analysis and Design Methodology
Applications of OO System Engineering Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems 04/21/23
• Requirements Management– Requirements management is closely linked to modeling– Define lower-level requirements based on models
• Use Case steps become SHALLs for each level of analysis
• Levels of requirements are incorporated into the appropriate CDRL level and allow for customer review
• Defense/Government customers require this strict linkage
– Completeness, consistency, and traceability are attributes of this methodology
– Supplementary requirements are added to the requirements management effort (e.g., Security, Safety, Power, etc.)
OO Systems Engineering Analysis and Design Methodology
Applications of OO System Engineering Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems 04/21/23
• Design– Requirements and models lead to design– Objects are allocated to subsystems– Lowest-level objects become design objects
• Objects will be used for software coding or hardware functionality
• Interaction between objects may become software methods/operations
OO Systems Engineering Analysis and Design Methodology
Applications of OO System Engineering Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems 04/21/23
Integrated Tools Environment
• What is required in an integrated tools environment? – Management of Systems Engineering processes– Integration of Systems Engineering processes
RequirementsManagement
ChangeManagement
ConfigurationManagement
Test
Modeling ? Too difficult to manage!
Applications of OO System Engineering Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems 04/21/23
Integrated Tools Environment
• Goal: Leverage technology to integrate processes– Changes in one area prompt change in other
affected areas
RequirementsManagement
ChangeManagement
ConfigurationManagement
Test
Modeling
Requisite Pro
ClearQuest
ClearcaseTest Manager
Rose
Applications of OO System Engineering Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems 04/21/23
Integrated Tools Environment
• Example Approach– One-tool vendor– Vendor integrates well with existing MS Office
Suite– Tools build on methodology…they do not define
the methodology– Use tools designed around OO methodology– Documented and enforced processes
Applications of OO System Engineering Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems 04/21/23
Integrated Tools Environment
• The process in action:
Action Item is CreatedAction Item is
Linked to RequirementRequirement is changed.
Action Item is Created
Requirement is changed
Action Item is Created
Requirement linked to model…model is changed
Applications of OO System Engineering Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems 04/21/23
Automated Document Generation
• Why Automated Document Generation?– More time engineering, less time documenting– Documents are directly linked to analysis source– Easier review
• Example: Rational SoDA– Scripting language in MS Word to extract documentation
from many sources:• Rose
• Requisite Pro
• Clearcase
• Clearquest
• MS Word
• MS Project
• Others
Applications of OO System Engineering Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems 04/21/23
• SoDA scripts used to generate the following:– Customer Deliverables– Review Packages– Reports for Analysis
Automated Document Generation
Requisite Pro
ClearQuest
ClearcaseTest Manager
Rose SoDApulls togetherintegrated data.
Applications of OO System Engineering Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems 04/21/23
• Why OO and this approach?– Systems are becoming increasingly more
complex• Better tools and techniques are needed to manage
development
– Detailed analysis up-front saves time and cost, ultimately reducing risk when you are ready to build
– Breaks complex system into manageable pieces• With sufficient analysis, developer needs to only
understand assigned objects and how they must interact with other objects…not the whole system
– Tools designed to support this methodology help you manage development
Summary Results
Applications of OO System Engineering Methodology and Tools for Complex Systems 04/21/23
Contact Information
• Vinnie Ferrando, 321-309-7120, [email protected]• Florence Heidel, 321-309-7130, [email protected]• Joe Marcinek, 321-309-7131, [email protected]
Harris Corporation407 John Rodes Blvd.PO Box 9800Melbourne, FL 32902-9800