Applications of Aqueous Equilibria
45
description
Applications of Aqueous Equilibria. Buffered Solutions. A solution that resists a change in pH when either hydroxide ions or protons are added. Buffered solutions contain either: A weak acid and its salt A weak base and its salt. Acid/Salt Buffering Pairs. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Applications of Aqueous Equilibria
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Buffered SolutionsBuffered solutions contain either:A weak acid and its salt A weak base and its salt A solution that resists a change in pH when either hydroxide ions or protons are added.
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Acid/Salt Buffering PairsThe salt will contain the anion of the acid, and the cation of a strong base (NaOH, KOH)
Weak Acid Formula of the acid Example of a salt of the weak acid HydrofluoricHFKF Potassium fluoride FormicHCOOHKHCOO Potassium formate BenzoicC6H5COOHNaC6H5COO Sodium benzoateAceticCH3COOHNaH3COO Sodium acetate CarbonicH2CO3NaHCO3- Sodium bicarbonatePropanoicHC3H5O2 NaC3H5O2 - Sodium propanoate HydrocyanicHCNKCN - potassium cyanide
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Base/Salt Buffering PairsThe salt will contain the cation of the base, and the anion of a strong acid (HCl, HNO3)
Base Formula of the base Example of a salt of the weak acid AmmoniaNH3NH4Cl- ammonium chlorideMethylamineCH3NH2CH3NH2Cl methylammonium chloride EthylamineC2H5NH2C2H5NH3NO3 - ethylammonium nitrate AnilineC6H5NH2C6H5NH3Cl aniline hydrochloride PyridineC5H5N C5H5NHCl pyridine hydrochloride
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Weak Acid/Strong Base TitrationA solution that is 0.10 M CH3COOH is titrated with 0.10 M NaOHEndpoint is above pH 7
Chart1
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3.513.1355
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4.48
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milliliters NaOH (0.10 M)
pH
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milliliters NaOH (0.10 M)pHLine position:0.21
04.75
14.8
24.84
34.88
44.93
54.97coordinates for vertical line
65.020.213.8
75.070.2113.1355
85.12
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175.84
186.03
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208.87
2111.38
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2411.95
2512.04
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3012.29
3112.32
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3412.4
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4012.51
&CBeloit College
&L&Z&F&R&D&T
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0
milliliters NaOH (0.10 M)
pH
Sheet2
milliliters NaOH (0.10 M)pHLine position:20.03
02.88
13.5
23.81
34
44.15
54.28coordinates for vertical line
64.3920.032.304
74.4820.0313.1355
84.58
94.67
104.75
114.84
124.93
135.02
145.12
155.23
165.35
175.51
185.71
196.03
208.72
2111.37
2211.67
2311.83
2411.95
2512.04
2612.11
2712.16
2812.21
2912.25
3012.29
3112.32
3212.35
3312.38
3412.4
3512.43
3612.45
3712.47
3812.48
3912.5
4012.51
Clear Data
Select
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Label Axes
&CBeloit College
&L&Z&F&R&D&T
Sheet2
milliliters NaOH (0.10 M)
pH
Sheet3
milliliterspHLine position:0
coordinates for vertical line
00
01
Clear Data
Select
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Expand
Label Axes
&CBeloit College
&L&Z&F&R&D&T
Sheet3
00
00
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milliliters
pH
Sheet4
milliliterspHLine position:0
coordinates for vertical line
00
01
Clear Data
Select
Print
Expand
Label Axes
&CBeloit College
&L&Z&F&R&D&T
Sheet4
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