Apple Watch Modified

Apple Watch 2014 -15

Chapter-1

INTRODUCTION

Apple products are simple, intuitive, and easy to use. And to help you do more in more

ways, a variety of award-winning assistive technologies come standard. So every device not only

has accessible features — but accessible principles — built right in.

iOS is the world’s most advanced and most accessible mobile operating system. Innovative

features like voice over, switch control and guided access help those with special needs enjoy

more of what iPhone, iPad & iPod touch have to offer

Apple Watch is a smart watch created by Apple Inc. and announced by Tim Cook on

September 9, 2014. The watch incorporates fitness tracking and health-oriented capabilities as

well as integration with iOS and other Apple products and services. Apple announced the Apple

Watch as three 'collections', distinguished by different combinations of cases and

interchangeable bands. The watch relies on a connected iPhone to perform many of its functions,

and will be compatible with the iPhone 5 or later models running iOS 8.2. The device is

available to pre-order on 10 April and scheduled to begin shipping April 24, 2015

Apple technologies have always been a make powerful technology more accessible, more

relevant and ultimately more personal.Apple watch represents a new chapter in the relationship

people have with technology. It’s the most personal product it ever made, because it’s the first

one to design to worn.

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Chapter-2

FEATURES

The Apple Watch will work with Apple Pay, a mobile payment service introduced at

the same event as the watch. It is capable of receiving phone calls as well as iMessage and SMS

Texts via a paired iPhone and can track fitness metrics, run third-party apps and use an Apple

feature called "Handoff". It can control Apple TV, as well as act as a walkie-talkie and

a viewfinder for an iPhone camera.

2.1 What Can the Apple Watch do Without a Phone

The Apple Watch can track your fitness information (just sync your workout data to

HealthKit later), play music (from its own onboard storage) via Bluetooth, and even make

purchases using Apple Pay, all without the iPhone being present.

2.2 Can Left-Handed Users Wear It

Don’t worry, southpaws, Apple hasn’t forsaken you. The Apple Watch works just fine for

lefties, because the display rotates. All you have to do is flip the watch over so the Digital Crown

is on the left side. Then swap out the band so it’s also in the right position, and then strap the

watch to your right wrist.Easy, right?

2.3 What Kinds of Sensors Does The Apple Watch Have.Can It Track Heart

Rate

Apple says that the watch has a couple different sensors, including a gryroscope and an

accelerometer (as you’ll find in most smart phones), plus a “custom” sensor that uses visible-

light and infrared LED’s along with photodiodes, all on the back of the device, to determine your

heart rate. The Apple Watch can also talk to your iPhone’s GPS and Wi-Fi to help with figuring

out location and other information.

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2.4 So its a Watch and a Fitness Tracker

The accelerometer lets the watch count your steps, and it extrapolate distance on its own,

or rely on the GPS in the paired iPhone to trace your exact route. That step data comes in handy

for two of the apps Apple included on the watch: Activity and Workout. Activity shows your

progress toward daily goals for moving, exercising, and even standing. Workout is for more

detailed tracking of a variety of activities, including distance, pace, time, and calories burned

during each session; you can also use that app to set workout goals, and the watch will give you

feedback as you reach those goals. Both of the watch’s fitness apps sync data back to the Health

and Fitness apps on your iPhone, too. You can’t use third-party fitness apps like Runtastic or

Nike+ Running without your iPhone in tow, though.

2.5 How to Navigate the Apple Watch? It Got a Touch Screen, Right

It does have a touch screen, but the Apple Watch’s big innovation is the little dial that

sticks out the side, also known as the Digital Crown. That’s a high-tech version of the crown

you’ll find on standard wristwatches, which you turn to set the time or wind the watch. In the

case of the Apple Watch, however, the Digital Crown acts more like the iPod’s click wheel: You

can turn the crown to scroll through a list or zoom in and out of a map. Pressing the Crown

returns you to the watch’s home screen, just like pressing the Home button on your iPhone

would.

Below the Digital Crown, you’ll find a button, which Apple simply refers to as “the

Button.” Press it to access the Friends app, which brings up a Contacts-style collection of the

people you like to stay in touch with. Tapping a picture of a friend lets you send them a message,

make a phone call, or make contact with the Apple Watch’s Digital Touch features (which we’ll

talk about below).

You can touch and tap on the screen too, but if you recall using the sixth-generation iPod

nano (the little square one from 2010 that you could buy watch bands for, remember?), the size

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of your fingertip is bound to obscure part of what you’re trying to tap. That’s why the Digital

Crown is there, to let you navigate the Apple Watch while still being able to see the entire

screen.

2.6 Can the Apple Watch Do Anything that iPhone can’t do on its own

Apple showed off a really cool-looking feature called Digital Touch, as we mentioned

above, that you can use with other Apple Watch wearers. Digital Touch lets you tap out a pattern

on your watch face, which your friend will see and feel on his or her own Apple Watch. You can

also draw each other little pictures.And if you hold down two fingers in Digital Touch you can

send your heartbeat, which shows up on your friend’s watch as a glowing, pulsing heart. This

might encourage couples to buy his-and-hers watches so they can let each other know anytime

how their hearts flutter for each other… or pound like hammers when they get really mad.

2.7 What Kind of Application did Apple build for Apple Watch.Will it run

third-party application

Apple went all out for the watch, building in many of the common apps that we use

every day: Messages, Mail, Weather, Calendar, Maps, Passbook, Music, Photos, and more. A

few notable omissions: While the Apple Watch can act as a viewfinder for your iPhone’s camera,

letting you snap pictures and even set the self-timer, it doesn’t have its own built-in camera. Nor

does it have Safari, Apple’s Web browser—all the information you get is mediated through those

apps.

2.8 What Kind of Battery Life Will the Watch Have?

Apple says the Watch will have all-day battery life, which means up to 18 hours of

active and passive use: 90 time checks, 90 notifications, 45 minutes of nonstop app use, and a

30-minute workout with Bluetooth music playback from the watch, which can store up to 2GB of

music locally. If you’ve been a bit overzealous in your watch usage and your battery starts to

dwindle halfway through the day, the watch will automatically default to a Power Reserve mode

for up to 72 hours so you’ll still be able to see the time (but not anything else). Basically, if you

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plan to buy an Apple Watch, expect to charge it next to your iPhone every night. Apple did say

that the watch battery will be replaceable, but didn’t give details as to how much replacement

batteries will cost.

2.9 Is it Waterproof

The Apple Watch is water resistant, but not waterproof. You can wear it on a rainy day

and have water splashed on it and it’ll survive, but you should avoid submerging it in water.

Apple's official line (in the fine print) is: "Apple Watch is splash and water resistant but not

waterproof. You can, for example, wear and use Apple Watch during exercise, in the rain, and

while washing your hands, but submerging Apple Watch is not recommended. Apple Watch has

a water resistance rating of IPX7 under IEC standard 60529. The leather bands are not water

resistant.

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Chapter-3

How Does It Work

3.1Not Just a Display,But the Focal Point of the Whole Experience

Retina display is the primary surface for every interaction with Apple Watch. And it’s

clear why. The incredibly high pixel density makes numbers and text easy to read at a glance,

even while you’re moving. Images and graphics render with remarkable sharpness and contrast,

including finely detailed ones like the rotation of a hair-thin second hand on a watch face. And the

display is extremely energy efficient, critical for a device you wear throughout the day. On most

Apple Watch models, the display is laminated to a machined and polished single crystal of

sapphire. Next to diamond, it’s the hardest transparent material. On watches in the Sport

collection, protection is provided by strengthened Ion-X glass.

3.2 Sensitive enough to tell a tap from a press.

In addition to recognising touch, Apple Watch senses force, adding a new dimension to

the user interface. Force Touch uses tiny electrodes around the flexible Retina display to

distinguish between a light tap and a deep press, and trigger instant access to a range of

contextually specific controls. With Force Touch, pressing firmly on the screen brings up

additional controls in apps like Messages, Music and Calendar. It also lets you select different

watch faces, pause or end a workout, search an address in Maps and more. Force Touch is the

most significant new sensing capability since MultiTouch.

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3.3 Glances Just the right amount of information, just where you want it.

Since wristwatches were invented in the 19th century, people have been glancing at

them to check the time. With Apple Watch, this simple, reflexive act allows you to learn so much

more. It optimised your favourite applications for the wrist by developing Glances — scannable

summaries of the information you seek out most frequently. To see them, you simply swipe up

from your watch face. In an instant, you can glimpse the weather forecast, check out what’s next

on your calendar or find your current location on a map. You can quickly swipe through different

Glances, or tap one to go directly to its corresponding app for more details.

3.4 Notifications. See and feel what’s next on your schedule.

Because it’s connected to your iPhone, Apple Watch can present time in a more personal

way. One that’s based around your life and schedule. You’ll receive real-time notifications for

incoming mail, messages and calls. So you can answer or dismiss them instantly. And since

Apple Watch sits on your wrist, your alerts aren’t just immediate. They’re intimate. With a

gentle tap, notifications subtly let you know where and when your next meeting starts, and at any

point, simply swipe down to Notification Centre to view what you may have missed.

3.5 We found a way to give technology a more human touch. Literally.

It’s called the Taptic Engine, a linear actuator inside Apple Watch that produces haptic

feedback. In less technical terms, it taps you on the wrist whenever you receive an alert or

notification, or press down on the display. Combined with subtle audio cues from the specially

engineered speaker driver, the Taptic Engine creates a discreet, sophisticated and nuanced

experience by engaging more of your senses. It also enables some entirely new, intimate ways

for you to communicate with other Apple Watch wearers. You can get someone’s attention with

a gentle tap. Or even send something as personal as your heartbeat.

3.6 With a custom heart rate sensor, it’s built to know you better.

The wrist is a convenient area for collecting data about your physical activity, a task

Apple Watch is designed to perform throughout the day. On the back of the case, a ceramic

cover with sapphire lenses1 protects a specially designed sensor that uses infrared and visible-

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light LEDs and photodiodes to detect your heart rate during workouts and when using the heart

rate Glance. This allows Apple Watch to provide a comprehensive picture of your workouts and

daily activity, suggest personal activity goals, and reward you for reaching personal

fitness milestones.

What Does It Do

Notifications and messaging are at the heart of Apple Watch. Rather than dig out

your smartphone, glance at your wrist to see if you want to take a call, respond to

a message, or read an email.

Press the display to reveal pre-set responses to messages. Or send an animated

emoji or voice message.

Like Control Center on iOS, swipe up from the bottom of the screen on Apple

Watch to see Glances, which are little snippets of information you need, like

weather, maps, or music.

For email, read it on your wrist, flag it, mark it as read or unread, move it to the

Trash, or open it on your iPhone.

If you're a man or woman of few words, Digital Touch lets you send a sketch, tap,

or pulse to someone else who is wearing an Apple Watch. Press two fingers on the

screen, and the heart-rate monitor will read and send your heartbeat

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Chapter-4

What Type Of Activity Tracking Does It Have

Apple Watch features an accelerometer and built-in heart rate monitor, and uses

the GPS and Wi-Fi in your iPhone to measure distance.

With iOS 8.2, you'll also get a new Activity app, where fitness data from Apple

Watch will be collected once you pair your phone with the watch.

Apple will use that data to suggest fitness goals, and congratulate you on fitness

milestones.

Keep track of movement with three rings that chart calories burned, exercise, and

how often you've stood up. The idea is to complete a ring each day based on the

nutrition and activity goals you've set for yourself.

If you've been sitting for too long, your watch will give you a little buzz to remind

you to get up and move around.

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Chapter-5

Settings

Preferences and settings are data values that change infrequently and that you use to

configure your app’s behavior or appearance. If your WatchKit app uses preferences for its

configuration, you can add a WatchKit–specific settings bundle to your project to present those

settings to the user. This settings bundle lives inside your containing iOS app, and the settings

themselves are displayed by the Apple Watch app on the user’s iPhone.

A WatchKit settings bundle works in the same way that an iOS settings bundle works. The

settings bundle defines the controls you want displayed by the system and the name of the

preference that each control modifies. The Apple Watch app on the user’s iPhone takes your

settings bundle information and uses it to display the actual controls to the user. When the user

changes the value of a control, the system updates the underlying preference value

5.1 WatchKit App Architecture

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Apps built for Apple Watch consist of two parts: a WatchKit app and a WatchKit

extension. The WatchKit app resides on the user’s Apple Watch and contains your storyboard

and resource files but no code. The WatchKit extension resides on the user’s iPhone (inside your

containing iOS app) and contains the code and resource files for managing your WatchKit app’s

interface.

The WatchKit app and WatchKit extension work in tandem to implement your app’s

interface. When the user interacts with your app on Apple Watch, your WatchKit app chooses

the appropriate scene from your storyboards to handle that interaction. For example, if the user

views your app’s glance, it chooses your glance scene. After choosing the scene, WatchKit tells

the paired iPhone to launch your WatchKit extension and create the objects needed to manage

that scene. When the scene is fully configured, it is displayed on Apple Watch. The transfer of

information between the WatchKit app and WatchKit extension happens transparently behind

the scenes.

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Fig 5.1: Communication between WatchKit app and WatchKit extension

Each scene is managed by a single interface controller object, which is an instance of

the WKInterfaceController class. An interface controller in WatchKit serves the same purpose as

a view controller in iOS: it presents and manages content on the screen and responds to user

interactions with that content. Unlike a view controller, an interface controller does not manage

the actual views of your interface. Those views are managed for you behind the scenes by

WatchKit.

WatchKit apps typically contain multiple interface controllers, where each interface

controller displays a different type of information. Because only one interface controller at a time

is displayed onscreen, an app presents new interface controllers in response to user actions. Apps

can present interface controllers modally. The navigation style of an app also determines how

interface controllers are presented.

5.2 Creating Your WatchKit Settings Bundle

To add a WatchKit settings bundle to your X-code project, do the following:

1. Select File > New > File.

2. In the Apple Watch section, select WatchKit Settings Bundle and click Next.

3. Create the settings bundle with the name Settings-Watch bundle and add it to your iOS app

target.

Naming the bundle Settings-Watch bundle is required to distinguish it from your iOS app’s

settings bundle (if any).

5.3 WatchKit App Life Cycle

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User interactions with Apple Watch drive the launching of your app and its life cycle. The

user can launch your app from the home screen, interact with your glance, or view notifications

using your custom UI. Each of these interactions launches your WatchKit app and the

corresponding WatchKit extension. Your WatchKit app and WatchKit pass information back and

forth until the user stops interacting with your app, at which point iOS suspend the extension

until the next user interaction.

At launch time, WatchKit automatically loads the appropriate scene for the current

interaction. If the user views your app’s glance, it loads the glance scene from your storyboard; if

the user launched your app directly, it loads the initial scene for your app. After it loads the

scene, it asks the WatchKit extension to create the corresponding interface controller object,

which you use to prepare the scene for display to the user. Figure below shows the steps for this

sequence.

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Fig 5.2: Launching a watchkit app

Your WatchKit extension remains running only while the user is interacting with your

app on Apple Watch. Interactions with Apple Watch are meant to be brief, so interface

controllers should be lightweight and never perform long-running tasks. When the user exits

your app explicitly or stops interacting with Apple watch, iOS deactivates the current interface

controller and suspends your extension as shown in figure below.

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Fig 5.3:The life cycle of an interface controller

5.4 Tasks to Perform at Different Stages of an App’s Life:

At different stages of your app’s life, iOS calls the methods of

your WKInterfaceController objects to give you a chance to respond. Table below lists the key

methods that you should almost always implement in your interface controllers, along with the

kinds of tasks you perform in them.

Method Tasks to perform

Init This method is your first chance to initialize your

interface controller.

awakeWithContent

This method lets you configure the interface

controller using any available context data. Use it to

load data and update labels, images, tables, and other

interface objects in your storyboard scene. The

context data is data you provide to assist in the

configuration of the new interface controller. For

example, when pushing a new interface controller in a

hierarchical interface, you specify a context object

that contains the next level of data to display.

Providing a context object is recommended but not

required.

willActivate

This method lets you know that your interface will soon be visible to the user. Use this method only to make small changes to your interface. For example, you might use this method to update a label based on new data. The bulk of your interface initialization should still occur in the init and awakeWithContext: methods.

didDeactivate Use the didDeactivate method to clean up your interface

and put it into a quiescent state. For example, use this

method to invalidate timers and stop animations.

You cannot set values for any interface objects from

this method. From the time this method is called to

the time the willActivate method is called again, any

attempts to set values for interface objects are

ignored.

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Table 5.1: Key methods of WKInterfaceController

5.5 Sharing Data with Your Containing iOS App

If your iOS app and WatchKit extension rely on the same data, use a shared app group to

store that data. An app group is a secure container that multiple processes can access. Because

your WatchKit extension and iOS app run in separate sandbox environments, they normally do

not share files or communicate directly with one another. An app group lets the two processes

share files or user defaults information between them.

You set up a shared app group from the Capabilities tab of your iOS app and WatchKit

extension. Enabling the App Groups capability adds an entitlements file (as needed) to each

target and adds the com.apple.security.application-groups entitlement to that file. To share data,

both targets must have the same app group selected.

At runtime, you share files between processes by reading and writing those files in the shared

container directory. To access the container directory, use

the containerURLForSecurityApplicationGroupIdentifier :method of NSFileManager to retrieve

the base URL for the directory. Use the provided URL to enumerate the directory contents or

create new URLs for files in the directory.

To share preferences data between apps, create an NSUserDefaults object using the identifier of

the shared group. The initWithSuiteName: method of NSUserDefaults creates an object that

allows access to the shared user defaults data. Both processes can access this data and write

changes to it.

5.6 Communicating Directly with Your Containing iOS App

Apps that work closely with their containing iOS app can use

the openParentApplication:reply: method to send requests to that app and receive a response.

WatchKit extensions do not support background execution modes; they run only while the user is

interacting with the corresponding app on Apple Watch. Their containing iOS app has fewer

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restrictions and can be configured to run in the background or to gather information on behalf of

the WatchKit extension. Activities that might require extra time to complete, such as fetching the

user’s location, should therefore be performed by the iOS app and communicated back to the

WatchKit extension.

When you call the openParentApplication:reply: method, iOS launches or wakes up the

containing iOS app in the background and calls

the application:handleWatchKitExtensionRequest:reply: method of its app delegate. The app

delegate uses the provided dictionary to perform the request and return a reply to the WatchKit

extension

5.7 How Much Does It Cost

Apple Watch Sport (above, left) is $349 for the 38mm watch and $399 for the

42mm one. The fluoroelastomer Sport Band will come in five colors: white, blue,

green, pink, and black.

The midrange Apple Watch (middle) starts at $549 but goes up to $1,099

depending on the band. Choose one of three different leather straps, a stainless

steel link bracelet and Milanese loop, or black or white Sport Band.

The high-end Apple Watch Edition (right), which is made from custom rose or

yellow 18-karat gold alloys, starts at $10,000.

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Chapter-6

Apple Watch v/s Smart Watch

6.1 Software: When it comes to software, this is a big difference between the two smartwatches. For

starters the Apple Watch will only work with iPhones.

Smart Watches compatible with Android since it runs Google's Android Wear.

6.2 Hardware and specs: Apple uses its own S1 chip and has double the amount of storage at 8 GB. However, as it

stands you can only use 2 GB for music and just 75 MB for photos. As usual, Apple doesn't

quote RAM.

On hardware, the SmartWatch fits in with other Android Wear devices meaning it has the

usual array of a Qualcomm Snapdragon 400 processor, 4 GB of internal storage, 512 MB of

RAM and Bluetooth 4.1.

6.3 Design: It's partly because the Apple Watch is available in two sizes (38- and 42 mm height) to fit

different size wrists – a clever move for anyone who doesn't fancy a giant smartwatch on their

arm.

The Other SmartWatch is coincidentally 42 mm in diameter and is a little chunky at 11.3

mm. The Apple Watch is a little thinner at 10.5 mm and varies on weight depending on the

model but the smaller model is 40-55 g while the bigger case is 50-69 g.

6.4 Operations:

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Compared to other watches like the Samsung Gear S and the Moto 360, the Apple Watch

is capable of doing the same basic things such as receive messages and calls, feature calendar

notifications and double as a fitness tracker.

Chapter-7

Conclusion

The new Apple Watch is introduced as the most personal device Apple has ever

created. There have been many rumours about this but fantasy has become truth: the Apple

Watch will be released. This smartwatch can be used as a health- and fitness device, but it also

has a lot of features that the Iphone has as well (Mail, maps, pictures, weather). What is

exceptional about the Apple Watch is that it comes with the Digital Crown; an accessory that

can be used to scroll, zoom and navigate content on a small screen. The Apple Watch also comes

with a revolutionairy wireless charger.

It seems like Apple is ready for their next success, considering the big media attention

they get. Already hundreds of people are gathered in front of the Apple store in New York, even

before the Keynote had started.

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References

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http://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q=IEEE+journal+paper+on+apple+watches&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart

http://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q=IEEE+journal+paper+on+apple+watches&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart

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http://www.google.co.in/search?ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&sourceid=navclient&gfns=1&q=features+of+apple+watch&safe=active&gws_rd=cr&ei=d7ICVciLGNCSuQSa6oC4Dw




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