Apoptosis Detection Guide - BioLynx · PDF fileInternational Edition Introduction Apoptosis is...
Transcript of Apoptosis Detection Guide - BioLynx · PDF fileInternational Edition Introduction Apoptosis is...
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Apoptosis Detection Guide
Flow Cytometry
Microscopy
Microtiter Plate Assay
Western Blot
Immunohistochemistry
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International Edition 04/2010
Enabling Discovery in Life Science®
Enzo Life Sciences, Inc., a subsidiary of Enzo Biochem, Inc., is organized to lead in the development, production, marketing, and sale of innovative life science research reagents worldwide. Now incorporating the skills, experience, and products of ALEXIS Biochemicals, acquired in 2007, BIOMOL International, acquired in 2008, and ASSAY DESIGNS, acquired in 2009, Enzo Life Sciences provides over 25 years of business experience in the supply of research biochemicals, assay systems and biological reagents “Enabling Discovery in Life Science®”.
Based on a very substantial intellectual property portfolio, Enzo Life Sciences, Inc. is a major developer and provider of advanced assay technologies across research and diagnostic markets. A strong portfolio of labeling probes and dyes provides life science environments with tools for target identifi cation and validation, and high content analysis via gene expression analysis, nucleic acid detection, protein biochemistry and detection, molecular biology, and cellular analysis.
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International Edition
Introduction
Apoptosis is the best-characterized type of programmed cell death. Because of its importance in development & homeostasis and in the pathogenesis of different diseases such as cancer, apoptosis has undergone extensive investigation in the past decades.
During apoptosis cells undergo certain morphological changes such as cell membrane blebbing, cell shrinkage, condensation of the nucleus (pyknosis), nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), and breaking up of the cell into apoptotic bodies. Additionally, several changes affecting the plasma membrane, mitochondria, cytoplasm or nucleus can be measured in apoptotic cells. Depending on the kind of sample to be analyzed and equipment available, a decision tree for selecting appropriate tools for the detection of apoptosis is listed on pages 8/9.
Apoptosis
Apoptosis DetectionPlasma membrane (PM) AlterationsDuring the early stages of apoptosis the lipid phosphatidylserine translocates from the inner to the outer leafl et of the plasma membrane. Annexin V is a calcium-dependent protein that preferentially binds phosphatidylserine with high affi nity. When conjugated to a fl uorescent tag or other reporter, Annexin V can be used to rapidly detect this early cell surface indicator of apoptosis. Although Annexin V is cell-impermeable, false positive can result from necrotic cells which may have holes in the membrane and allow binding to phosphatidylserine on the inner leafl et. Annexin V used in conjunction with a DNA binding dye can be used to distinguish apoptotic (single staining) from necrotic (double staining) cells. During the later stages of apoptosis membrane integrity is lost. Dyes such as 7-Aminoactinomycin D that are normally not capable of passing the plasma membrane of intact cells can be used to distinguish early from late apoptotic cells.
Mitochondrial ChangesMitochondrial dysfunction occurs early in apoptosis and is accompanied by a decreased membrane potential. Membrane potential assays test the mitochondria's ability to concentrate a cationic dye using its proton gradient. Loss of mitochondrial membrane potential can lead to apoptosis when the outer mitochondrial membrane ruptures and proteins from the intermembrane space are released into the cytoplasm. The detection of released cytochrome c is specifi c for early to late stages of apoptosis. Other typical enzymes released from mitochondria during apoptosis include the Bcl-2 family members and Smac/DIABLO.
Changes in the CytoplasmThe best characterized change in the cytoplasm during apoptosis is the activation of caspases. They are present in the cytoplasm as latent precursors. Once activated by cleavage, they form dimers, activate other caspases, cleave enzymes and activate endonucleases. This process is known as the caspase cascade. Some caspases (e.g. 2, 8, 9, and 10) initiate apoptosis, others (e.g. 3, 6, and 7) are downstream effectors. Most caspase
assays either rely on cleavage of a specifi c substrate or on the binding of an irreversible inhibitor. Other assays are based on the caspase specifi c cleavage of target proteins such as PARP or cytokeratin-18. Some of them specifi cally detect epitopes revealed only after cleavage by caspases. Caspase assays may detect early to late stages of apoptosis.
Apoptosis is an energy-dependent process that requires ATP. A typical apoptotic cell exhibits a signifi cant decrease in ATP levels. Therefore, the loss of ATP level in a cell can be used as an indicator of cell death. Changes in the ADP/ATP ratio can distinguish the different modes of cell death and viability. Decreased levels of ATP and increased levels of ADP can be seen in apoptotic cells. These changes are much more pronounced in necrosis than in apoptosis. Other features of apoptosis are changes in ion (e.g. zinc) fl uxes, which can be detected by specifi c fl uorescent probes.
DNA ModificationsChromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation is one of the hallmarks of apoptosis. The DNA from mid to late stage apoptotic cells is more sensitive to heat or formamide denaturation due to changes in chromatin. The resulting ssDNA can be detected by a specifi c antibody. At the late stage of apoptosis, caspase-activated endonucleases cause double-stranded DNA breaks. These apoptotic nucleosomal fragments (180 - 200 bp) can be resolved by gel electrophoresis as typical DNA ladders. The TUNEL (terminal deoxy-nucleotidyltransferase [TdT] dUTP nick end labelling) assay utilizes TdT to mark those breakpoints with tagged (e.g. biotinylated) nucleotides, which are then detected using enzyme-tagged (for IHC) or fl uorescently labelled (for FACS) antibodies. TUNEL indicates DNA cleavage from any form of cell death; necrotic cells may also be labelled. The endonucleases themselves or histone modifi cations (e.g. phosphorylation of H2AX), which occur during chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation, can also be detected.
Apoptotic cell
PS
Plasma membrane
Annexin VCa2+
Caspase cascade
Cytochrome cSmac/DIABLO
Cytoplasm
Mitochondrium∆Ψm
DNA fragmentationNucleus
FIGURE: Measurable changes affecting the plasma membrane, mitochondria, cytoplasm or nucleus in an apoptotic cell.
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01 Intact Cells – Flow Cytometry - PM AlterationsProd. Name Prod. No. Size
Annexin V (human), (rec.) ALX-201-116-C100 100 µg
Annexin V (human), (rec.) (APC conjugate) ALX-209-252-T020ALX-209-252-T100
20 tests100 tests
Annexin V (human), (rec.) (ATTO 488 conjugate) ALX-209-258-T100 100 tests
Annexin V (human), (rec.) (ATTO 647N conjugate) ALX-209-259-T100 100 tests
Annexin V (human), (rec.) (biotin conjugate) ALX-209-002-T020ALX-209-002-T100ALX-209-002-T300
20 tests100 tests300 tests
Annexin V (human), (rec.) (FITC conjugate) ALX-209-250-T020ALX-209-250-T100ALX-209-250-T300
20 tests100 tests300 tests
Annexin V (human), (rec.) (FITC conjugate) ALX-209-256-T100ALX-209-256-3100
100 tests3 x 100 tests
Annexin V (human), (rec.) (R-PE conjugate) ALX-209-251-T020ALX-209-251-T100
20 tests100 tests
Annexin V (mouse), (rec.) (Alexa Fluor® 488 conjugate) ALX-209-257-T100 100 tests
Annexin V-Biotin apoptosis detection kit ALX-850-031-KI02ALX-850-031-KI01
100 tests300 tests
Annexin V-Biotin apoptosis detection kit ALX-850-251-KI01ALX-850-251-KI02ALX-850-251-KI03
25 tests100 tests400 tests
Annexin V-Cy3 apoptosis detection kit ALX-850-252-KI01ALX-850-252-KI02ALX-850-252-KI03
25 tests100 tests400 tests
Annexin V-Cy3 apoptosis detection kit plus ALX-850-257-KI01ALX-850-257-KI02
25 tests100 tests
Annexin V-Cy5 apoptosis detection kit ALX-850-254-KI01ALX-850-254-KI02
25 tests100 tests
Annexin V-EGFP apoptosis detection kit ALX-850-253-KI01ALX-850-253-KI02ALX-850-253-KI03
25 tests100 tests400 tests
Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit ALX-850-020-KI02ALX-850-020-KI01
100 tests300 tests
Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit ALX-850-250-KI01ALX-850-250-KI02ALX-850-250-KI03
25 tests100 tests400 tests
Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit plus ALX-850-255-KI01ALX-850-255-KI02
25 tests100 tests
Annexin V-FITC kit ADI-ADK-700-EADI-ADK-700-F
100 mg200 mg
Annexin V-PE apoptosis detection kit ALX-850-256-KI01ALX-850-256-KI02
25 tests100 tests
GFP-Certifi ed™ Apoptosis/Necrosis detection kit ENZ-51002-25ENZ-51002-100
25 assays100 assays
Nuclear-ID™ Blue/Green cell viability reagent ENZ-53004-C100 100 µl
Nuclear-ID™ Blue/Red cell viability reagent (GFP-Certifi ed™) ENZ-53005-C100 100 µl
Nuclear-ID™ Red/Green cell viability reagent ENZ-53006-C100 100 µl
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02 Intact Cells – Flow Cytometry - Mitochondrial ChangesProd. Name Prod. No. Size
DiOC6(3) iodide (ultra pure) ENZ-52303 100 mg
JC-1 (ultra pure) ENZ-52304 5 mg
JC-10 (ultra pure) ENZ-52305 5 mg
Mît-E-Ψ™ Mitochondrial permeability detection kit BML-AK116-0001 100 tests
MitoCapture™ Mitochondrial apoptosis detection kit ALX-850-232-KI01ALX-850-232-KI02
25 tests100 tests
Mito-ID™ Membrane potential detection kit ENZ-51018-K100 1 Kit
03 Intact Cells – Flow Cytometry - Changes in the Cytoplasm Prod. Name Prod. No. Size
D2R (high purity) ALX-260-094-M001ALX-260-094-5001
1 mg5 x 1 mg
M30 CytoDEATH™, mAbM30 CytoDEATH™, mAb (Biotin)M30 CytoDEATH™, mAb (Fluorescein)M30 CytoDEATH™, mAb (Orange)M30 CytoDEATH™, mAb (Red)
ALX-804-590-T200ALX-804-590B-T200ALX-804-590F-T200ALX-804-590OR-T200ALX-804-590RD-T200
200 tests200 tests200 tests200 tests200 tests
Carboxyfl uorescein multi-caspase activity kit BML-AK117-0001 1 Kit
CaspSCREEN™ fl ow cytometric apoptosis detection kit ALX-850-244-KI01ALX-850-244-KI02
25 tests100 tests
CV-Caspase-3 & -7 detection kit BML-AK118-0001 1 Kit
Sulforhodamine multi-caspase activity kit BML-AK115-0001 100 tests
04 Intact Cells – Flow Cytometry - DNA Modifications Prod. Name Prod. No. Size
7-Aminoactinomycin D BML-AP400-0001 1 mg
Propidium Iodide (ultra pure) ENZ-52403 100 mg
ssDNA, mAb (F7-26) ALX-804-192-R200ALX-804-192-L001
200 µl1 ml
APO-BRDU™ kit ALX-850-042-KI01 1 Kit
APO-DIRECT™ kit ALX-850-041-KI01 1 Kit
Nuclear-ID™ Green chromatin condensation detection kit ENZ-51021-K200 1 Kit
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06 Intact Cells – Microscopy - Mitochondrial ChangesProd. Name Prod. No. Size
DiOC6(3) iodide (ultra pure) ENZ-52303 100 mg
Rhodamine 123 (ultra pure) ENZ-52307 25 mg
Cytochrome c, mAb (6H2.B4) ADI-905-634-100 100 µg
Smac/DIABLO (human), mAb (10G7) ALX-804-333-C100 100 µg
Mît-E-Ψ™ Mitochondrial permeability detection kit BML-AK116-0001 100 tests
MitoCapture™ Mitochondrial apoptosis detection kit ALX-850-232-KI01ALX-850-232-KI02
25 tests100 tests
Mito-ID™ Membrane potential detection kit ENZ-51018-K100 1 Kit
05 Intact Cells – Microscopy - PM Alterations Prod. Name Prod. No. Size
Annexin V (human), (rec.) ALX-201-116-C100 100 µg
Annexin V (human), (rec.) (ATTO 488 conjugate) ALX-209-258-T100 100 tests
Annexin V (human), (rec.) (ATTO 647N conjugate) ALX-209-259-T100 100 tests
Annexin V-Biotin apoptosis detection kit ALX-850-251-KI01ALX-850-251-KI02ALX-850-251-KI03
25 tests100 tests400 tests
Annexin V-Cy3 apoptosis detection kit ALX-850-252-KI01ALX-850-252-KI02ALX-850-252-KI03
25 tests100 tests400 tests
Annexin V-Cy3 apoptosis detection kit plus ALX-850-257-KI01ALX-850-257-KI02
25 tests100 tests
Annexin V-Cy5 apoptosis detection kit ALX-850-254-KI01ALX-850-254-KI02
25 tests100 tests
Annexin V-EGFP apoptosis detection kit ALX-850-253-KI01ALX-850-253-KI02ALX-850-253-KI03
25 tests100 tests400 tests
Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit ALX-850-250-KI01ALX-850-250-KI02ALX-850-250-KI03
25 tests100 tests400 tests
Annexin V-FITC kit ADI-ADK-700-EADI-ADK-700-F
100 mg200 mg
Annexin V-PE apoptosis detection kit ALX-850-256-KI01ALX-850-256-KI02
25 tests100 tests
GFP-Certifi ed™ Apoptosis/Necrosis detection kit ENZ-51002-25ENZ-51002-100
25 assays100 assays
Nuclear-ID™ Blue/Green cell viability reagent ENZ-53004-C100 100 µl
Nuclear-ID™ Blue/Red cell viability reagent (GFP-Certifi ed™) ENZ-53005-C100 100 µl
Nuclear-ID™ Red/Green cell viability reagent ENZ-53006-C100 100 µl
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07 Intact Cells – Microscopy - Changes in the CytoplasmProd. Name Prod. No. Size
D2R (high purity) ALX-260-094-M001ALX-260-094-5001
1 mg5 x 1 mg
Zinquin ethyl ester (ultra pure) ENZ-52151 5 mg
Zinquin free acid (ultra pure) ENZ-52152 5 mg
M30 CytoDEATH™, mAbM30 CytoDEATH™, mAb (Biotin)M30 CytoDEATH™, mAb (Fluorescein)M30 CytoDEATH™, mAb (Orange)M30 CytoDEATH™, mAb (Red)
ALX-804-590-T200ALX-804-590B-T200ALX-804-590F-T200ALX-804-590OR-T200ALX-804-590RD-T200
200 tests200 tests200 tests200 tests200 tests
Carboxyfl uorescein multi-caspase activity kit BML-AK117-0001 1 Kit
CV-Caspase-3 & -7 detection kit BML-AK118-0001 1 Kit
Sulforhodamine multi-caspase activity kit BML-AK115-0001 100 tests
08 Intact Cells – Microscopy - DNA ModificationsProd. Name Prod. No. Size
7-Aminoactinomycin D BML-AP400-0001 1 mg
Propidium Iodide (ultra pure) ENZ-52403 100 mg
ssDNA, mAb (F7-26) ALX-804-192-R200ALX-804-192-L001
200 µl1 ml
[pSer139]Histone γ-H2AX (human), pAb ALX-210-390-R050 50 µl
APO-BRDU™ kit ALX-850-042-KI01 1 Kit
APO-DIRECT™ kit ALX-850-041-KI01 1 Kit
Comet SCGE assay kit ADI-900-166 1 Kit
Nuclear-ID™ Green chromatin condensation detection kit ENZ-51021-K200 1 Kit
09 Intact Cells – Microtiter Plate Assay – Mitochondrial ChangesProd. Name Prod. No. Size
Mît-E-Ψ™ Mitochondrial permeability detection kit BML-AK116-0001 100 tests
Mito-ID™ Membrane potential cytotoxicity kit ENZ-51019-KP002 1 Kit
10 Intact Cells – Microtiter Plate Assay – Changes in the CytoplasmProd. Name Prod. No. Size
Carboxyfl uorescein multi-caspase activity kit BML-AK117-0001 1 Kit
CV-Caspase-3 & -7 detection kit BML-AK118-0001 1 Kit
Sulforhodamine multi-caspase activity kit BML-AK115-0001 100 tests
11 Intact Cells – Microtiter Plate Assay – DNA ModificationsProd. Name Prod. No. Size
ApoStrand™ ELISA apoptosis detection kit BML-AK120-0001 1 Kit
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Sample:Cell or Tissue
Extracts
Sample:Intact Cells
Microtiter Plate Assay
Western Blot
Changes in the Cytoplasm
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ApoSENSOR™ – ADP/• ATP ratioCaspase substrates • and kitsM30 CytoDEATH™ & • Apoptosense® p53/MDM2, survivin, XIA• P
Mitochondrial Changes
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Bax• Bcl-2• Cytochrome c• Smac/DIABLO•
Mitochondrial Changes
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Cytochrome c•
Changes in the Cytoplasm
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Active caspase-3• M30 CytoDEATH• ™RasGAP• PARP•
DNA Modifications14
DNA fragments•
DNA Modifications17
Histone phosphorylation• EndoG•
Flow Cytometry Microtiter Plate Assay
Microscopy
PM Alterations05
Annexin V• Nuclear ID• TM cell viability reagents
Mitochondrial Changes
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Mitochondrial membrane • potential
Mitochondrial Changes
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Fluorescent dyes• Mitochondrial membrane • potential
Mitochondrial Changes
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Fluorescent dyes• Mitochondrial membrane • potentialCytochrome c• Smac/DIABLO•
Changes in the Cytoplasm
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Caspase kits•
Changes in the Cytoplasm
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Caspase substrate – D• 2R
M30 CytoDEATH• TM
Caspase kits•
Changes in the Cytoplasm
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Caspase substrate – D• 2R
Fluorescent dyes• M30 CytoDEATH• TM
Caspase kits•
DNA Modifications11
Sensitivity to DNA • denaturation
DNA Modifications04
DNA intercalators• ssDNA• DNA breaks – TUNEL• Chromatin condensation•
DNA Modifications08
DNA intercalators• ssDNA• DNA breaks – TUNEL, • CometHistone phosphorylation •
PM Alterations
Annexin V• Nuclear ID• TM cell viability reagents
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Sample:Cell or Tissue
Culture Supernatants
Microtiter Plate Assay
Sample:Biological Fluids (Serum, Plasma)
Sample:Tissue Sections
Changes in the Cytoplasm
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M30 Apoptosense• ®
Survivin• p53•
Microtiter Plate Assay
Western Blot
Changes in the Cytoplasm
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M30 CytoDEATH• ™ & Apoptosense® p53•
DNA Modifications19
ssDNA•
Changes in the Cytoplasm
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M30 CytoDEATH• ™
Mitochondrial Changes
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Bcl-2• Cytochrome c•
Immunohisto-chemistry
Mitochondrial Changes
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Cytochrome c•
Changes in the Cytoplasm
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M30 CytoDEATH• TM
Active caspase-3•
DNA Modifications25
ssDNA• EndoG•
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12 Cell or Tissue Extracts – Microtiter Plate Assay – Mitochondrial ChangesProd. Name Prod. No. Size
Bax (human), EIA kit ADI-900-138 96 wells
Bcl-2 (human), EIA kit ADI-900-133 96 wells
Bcl-2 (human) ELISA kit ALX-850-056-KI01 1 Kit
Cytochrome c (human) ELISA kit ALX-850-261-KI01 1 Kit
Cytochrome c (human), EIA kit ADI-900-141 96 wells
Smac/DIABLO (human), EIA kit ADI-900-125 96 wells
13 Cell or Tissue Extracts – Microtiter Plate Assay – Changes in the CytoplasmProd. Name Prod. No. Size
ApoSENSOR™ ADP/ATP ratio assay kit ALX-850-248-KI01 200 tests
ApoSENSOR™ Cell viability assay kit ALX-850-247-KI01 200 tests
Caspase colorimetric quantipak BML-AK004-0001 1 Kit
Caspase colorimetric substrate set ALX-850-228-KI01 1 Set
Caspase colorimetric substrate set plus ALX-850-274-KI01 1 Set
Caspase fl uorescent (AFC) quantipak BML-AK006-0001 1 Kit
Caspase fl uorescent (AMC) quantipak BML-AK005-0001 1 Kit
Caspase fl uorometric substrate set ALX-850-229-KI01 1 Set
Caspase fl uorometric substrate set plus ALX-850-275-KI01 1 Set
Caspase-1 colorimetric assay kit ALX-850-211-KI01 25 tests
Caspase-1 fl uorometric assay kit ALX-850-212-KI01 25 tests
Caspase-2 colorimetric assay kit ALX-850-213-KI01 25 tests
Caspase-2 fl uorometric assay kit ALX-850-214-KI01 25 tests
Caspase-3 cell assay kit BML-AK703-0001 1 Kit
Caspase-3 colorimetric assay kit ALX-850-215-KI01 25 tests
Caspase-3 colorimetric detection kit ADI-907-013 96 wells
Caspase-3 fl uorometric assay kit ALX-850-216-KI01 25 tests
Caspase-3 fl uorometric detection kit ADI-907-014 96 wells
Caspase-5 colorimetric assay kit ALX-850-217-KI01 25 tests
Caspase-5 fl uorometric assay kit ALX-850-218-KI01 25 tests
Caspase-6 colorimetric assay kit ALX-850-219-KI01 25 tests
Caspase-6 fl uorometric assay kit ALX-850-220-KI01 25 tests
Caspase-8 colorimetric assay kit ALX-850-221-KI01 25 tests
Caspase-8 fl uorometric assay kit ALX-850-222-KI01 25 tests
Caspase-9 colorimetric assay kit ALX-850-223-KI01 25 tests
Caspase-9 fl uorometric assay kit ALX-850-224-KI01 25 tests
ImmunoSetTM p53/MDM2 complex ELISA development set ADI-960-070 5 x 96 wells
M30 CytoDeath™ ELISA kit ALX-850-336-KI01 1 Kit
M30-Apoptosense® ELISA kit ALX-850-270-KI01ALX-850-270-5001
1 Kit5 x 1 Kit
[pSer218/Ser222]MEK1 EIA kit ADI-900-119 96 wells
p53 EIA kit ADI-900-117 96 wells
PKC kinase activity kit ADI-EKS-420A 96 wells
Ras activation kit ADI-EKS-460 1 Kit
Survivin (human), EIA kit ADI-900-111 96 wells
XIAP (human), EIA kit ADI-900-124 96 wells
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14 Cell or Tissue Extracts – DNA Agarose Gel – DNA ModificationsProd. Name Prod. No. Size
Quick apoptotic DNA ladder detection kit ALX-850-242-KI01 1 Kit
15 Cell or Tissue Extracts – Western Blot – Mitochondrial ChangesProd. Name Prod. No. Size
Cytochrome c, mAb (7H8.2C12) ADI-AAM-175-E 100 µg
Cytochrome c, mAb (CTC05) BML-SA226-0500 500 µl
Cytochrome c releasing apoptosis assay kit ALX-850-277-KI01 1 Kit
16 Cell or Tissue Extracts – Western Blot – Changes in the CytoplasmProd. Name Prod. No. Size
Caspase-3, mAb (31A1067) ALX-804-305-C100 100 µg
M30 CytoDEATH™, mAbM30 CytoDEATH™, mAb (Biotin)
ALX-804-590-T200ALX-804-590B-T200
200 tests200 tests
Caspase-3 (active), pAb ALX-210-807-C100 100 µg
Caspase-3, pAb ALX-210-806-C100 100 µg
PARP-1, mAb (F1-23) ALX-804-211-R050 50 µl
PARP-1, mAb (C-2-10) (affi nity purifi ed) BML-SA249-0100 100 µg
PARP-1 (1-232) (human), pAb ALX-210-771-1 1 Vial
PARP-1 (197-214), pAb ALX-210-219-R100 100 µl
PARP-1, pAb ALX-210-302-R100 100 µl
RasGAP (CT), pAb ALX-210-781-R100 100 µl
RasGAP (NT), pAb ALX-210-860-R100 100 µl
PARP cleavage Western blotting kit BML-SK003-0001 1 Kit
17 Cell or Tissue Extracts – Western Blot – DNA ModificationsProd. Name Prod. No. Size
[pSer139]Histone H2AX, mAb (9F3) ADI-KAM-CC255-DADI-KAM-CC255-F
50 µg200 µg
EndoG, pAb ADI-905-220-100 100 µg
[pSer139]Histone H2AX, pAb ADI-905-771-100 100 µg
[pSer139]Histone γ-H2AX (human), pAb ALX-210-390-R050 50 µl
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23 Tissue Sections – Immunohistochemistry – Mitochondrial Changes Prod. Name Prod. No. Size
Cytochrome c, mAb (6H2.B4) ADI-905-634-100 100 µg
24 Tissue Sections – Immunohistochemistry – Changes in the CytoplasmProd. Name Prod. No. Size
M30 CytoDEATH™, mAbM30 CytoDEATH™, mAb (Biotin)M30 CytoDEATH™, mAb (Fluorescein)M30 CytoDEATH™, mAb (Orange)M30 CytoDEATH™, mAb (Red)
ALX-804-590-T200ALX-804-590B-T200ALX-804-590F-T200ALX-804-590OR-T200ALX-804-590RD-T200
200 tests200 tests200 tests200 tests200 tests
Caspase-3 (active), pAb ALX-210-807-C100 100 µg
25 Tissue Sections – Immunohistochemistry – DNA ModificationsProd. Name Prod. No. Size
ssDNA, mAb (F7-26) ALX-804-192-R200ALX-804-192-L001
200 µl1 ml
EndoG, pAb ADI-905-220-100 100 µg
18 Cell or Tissue Culture Supernatants – Microtiter Plate Assay – Changes in the CytoplasmProd. Name Prod. No. Size
M30 CytoDeath™ ELISA kit ALX-850-336-KI01 1 Kit
M30-Apoptosense® ELISA kit ALX-850-270-KI01ALX-850-270-5001
1 Kit5 x 1 Kit
p53 (human) ELISA kit ALX-850-057-KI01 1 Kit
19 Cell or Tissue Culture Supernatants – Microtiter Plate Assay – DNA ModificationsProd. Name Prod. No. Size
ssDNA, mAb (F7-26) ALX-804-192-R200ALX-804-192-L001
200 µl1 ml
20 Cell or Tissue Culture Supernatants – Western Blot – Changes in the CytoplasmProd. Name Prod. No. Size
M30 CytoDEATH™, mAbM30 CytoDEATH™, mAb (Biotin)
ALX-804-590-T200ALX-804-590B-T200
200 tests200 tests
21 Biological Fluids (Serum, Plasma) – Microtiter Plate Assay – Mitochondrial ChangesProd. Name Prod. No. Size
Bcl-2 (human) ELISA kit ALX-850-056-KI01 1 Kit
Cytochrome c, mAb (6H2.B4) ADI-905-634-100 100 µg
22 Biological Fluids (Serum, Plasma) – Microtiter Plate Assay – Changes in the CytoplasmProd. Name Prod. No. Size
M30-Apoptosense® ELISA kit ALX-850-270-KI01ALX-850-270-5001
1 Kit5 x 1 Kit
Survivin (human), EIA kit ADI-900-111 96 wells
p53 EIA kit ADI-900-117 96 wells
p53 (human) ELISA kit ALX-850-057-KI01 1 Kit
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Apoptosis InducersApoptosis is a normal cellular process induced by various extrinsic or intrinsic signaling pathways. Several agents can be used to induce apoptosis experimentally, the most common ones are listed below.
Product Prod. No. Size
Actinomycin D BML-GR300-0005 5 mg
AG-490 BML-EI272-0010 BML-EI272-0050
10 mg 50 mg
Anisomycin BML-ST102-0010 BML-ST102-0050
10 mg 50 mg
Betulinic acid (high purity) ALX-350-277-M005 ALX-350-277-M025ALX-350-277-M100
5 mg 25 mg
100 mg
Brefeldin A BML-G405-0005 BML-G405-0025BML-G405-0100
5 mg 25 mg
100 mg
(S)-(+)-Camptothecin ALX-350-015-M050 ALX-350-015-M250ALX-350-015-G001
50 mg 250 mg
1 g
Colchicine ALX-380-033-G001 1 g
Cycloheximide ALX-380-269-G001 ALX-380-269-G005
1 g 5 g
Daunorubicin . hydrochloride ALX-380-043-M010 10 mg
Dexamethasone BML-EI126-0001 BML-EI126-0005
1 g 5 g
Doxorubicin . hydrochloride BML-GR319-0005 BML-GR319-0025
5 mg 25 mg
www.enzolifesciences.com
14A
popt
osis
Det
ecti
on G
uide
Product Prod. No. Size
Etoposide BML-GR307-0100 BML-GR307-0500
100 mg 500 mg
Fludarabine ALX-480-100-M005 ALX-480-100-M025
5 mg 25 mg
5-Fluorouracil ALX-480-099-G001 ALX-480-099-G005
1 g 5 g
Okadaic acid (high purity) ALX-350-003-C025 ALX-350-003-C050 ALX-350-003-C100 ALX-350-003-M001
25 µg 50 µg
100 µg 1 mg
Paclitaxel BML-T104-0005BML-T104-0025BML-T104-0250
5 mg25 mg
250 mg
Staurosporine ALX-380-014-C100ALX-380-014-C250ALX-380-014-M001ALX-380-014-M005BML-EI156-0100BML-EI156-1000
100 µg250 µg
1 mg5 mg
100 µg1 mg
Tamoxifen . citrate ALX-550-095-G001 1 g
Thapsigargin BML-PE180-0001 BML-PE180-0005
1 mg 5 mg
Vinblastine . sulfate ALX-350-257-M005 ALX-350-257-M025
5 mg 25 mg
Purified (PF) = Purified (Preservative free); FC = Flow Cytometry; ICC = Immunocytochemistry; IP = Immunoprecipitation; IHC = Immunohistochemistry (FS = Frozen Sections, PS = Paraffin Sections); WB = Western blot; BP = Blocking Peptide
15
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