APMfl HCKAfl E]4BEPC[4' $eepant Oarrurebooks.azlibnet.az/download/64nat120715.pdf · homin sonodli...

Eyruz MOMMdDOV

ERMONi TOXRiBATI(Sumqayrt, fevral 1988-ci il)Faktlar va mtilahizelar

Eyruz MAMEDOV

ARMENIAN SABOTAGE(sumqayit, February 1 988)Facts and discourses

?ilpys MAMEEOB

APMfl HCKAfl E]4BEPC[4'(Cyueaum, $eepant 1988 eoda)

Oarrur h paccy)KgeHlre.>\^

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Bakr - 20056ary - 2005Baki - 2005

.y3'301

M5l Reygi:tarix elmlari doktoru, professor

Heqiqet Aslanov

Redaktor:Hact Aleddin Mansurzada

Kitab Sumqay Genclar, idman vaTurizmBaS idarasinin sifariSi ila gap olunur.

Iiyruz Mammadov. Ermani toxribatr (Sumqayrt, fevral, 1988-ci il).Fakllar vo miilahizoler. Bakr: Mi.itarcim, 2005, 64 soh.

Yr0rlmaoa verilib: 03.02.05. qapa imzalanrb: '16.02.05.

Formai: 84x'108 '1l32. Ofset gap. Hecmir 3,75 Q.v.Qarnitur: Times. Tiraj 2000. Sifaris 25

((MiitorcimD TM. Bakr, R.Rza, 125'fcl : 499 21 44

(Boxtiyar 04n motboosindo gap olunmupdur.

4702060000M - 10-05

026

O E.Mommadov, 2005

'l

Ott s6z1988-ci ilin ferT al ayrnda Sumqayrtda ermoni millatqileri

torfindan tdrodilon qanh aksiyam diinya ictimaiyyetina gatdrr-

maq, beynalxalq togkilatlarda Azerbaycan heqiqatlorini stiylo-

mok, haqq sasini ucaltmaq barada fikirlaqon ziyahlarr barmaqla

saymaq olar. Sumqayrt hadisalarini fakt va senadlerdo araqdrrtb,

iize grxaran, ermonilarin tiiratdiktari cinayatlarin ndvboti halqasl

kimi ermeni terror te$kilahnln omellarini diinya rctimaiyyatinagatdrrmaqda.lurnalist Eyruz Memmadovun xidmetleri dantlmaz-

drr. O, Sumqayrtda baE veren hadisolerin k0kiinii, mahiyyetini

otraflr aragdtimrg, oz miigahidalarine sdykanorok, btiyiik zohmat

hesabrna ;'28-dan 2g-na kegan geca" adh senedti publisistik ki-tab ya b, orsoyo getirmigdir. Olinizdo rutuduiunuz bu kitab

homin sonodli osorin "Ermoni taxribatl" adt altrnda Azerbaycan,

rus vo ingilis diltorinda olan qlsaldtlmrg varianhdrr.

Eyruz Mammodorun miixtalif sapkili yazrlarr Sumqayrtda

bag veron hadislorin ilk giinlerindan o vaxtkr niifuzlu qozet vo

jurnallarda derc olunmuqdur. Sumqayrtda hadisole siyasi qiymet

verilmesi barade do dorindan fikirlegmig, "Sumqayltrn oks-

sadasr" tammetra.jll, " Sumqayltln eks-sedasr-2" beq seriyah se-

nadli filmlarin ssenarilerini de yazmtgdrr' Boyiik zohmot hesa-

brna araya-orsoyo galon bu senad esarlori xalqtmrztn bagtna go-

tirilon soyqrrrm siyasetinin ermonilar. onlarn xaricda yagayan

havadarliri torafindan apanlmast, milloto xayanat oldufunu

diinya xalqlarrna gatdrrmaqda ohomiyyetli rolu olan bu kitab ga-

lecekdo da faYdah olacaqdtr.E.Memmadown apardrfr tadqiqatlar, araqdrrmalar ayt-

avn insanlarla. o ciimlodan ermeni millatinden olan dtmaqarast

vatenpervarlarlo goriiqii ham vaxt baxtmtndtn, hom de

dozi.imlilliik cehtltdon afrr olsa da, bu gatin ve mosuliyyetli igin

ohdasindan golmosini gox yiiksok qiymotlendirirem Kitab, xal-

qrmrzrn haqli olmasrnt diinya ictimaryryotina qatdrrmaqda miiolli-

fin atdr[r on ugurlu addrmlardan birldir'

Ovaz Mahmud Lalada!

1985-ci rlda olkodo (SSRi mLrkanrntla) yeni-danqurma siyasoti bir gox xalqlann griz-Iorini agdr. Tohrif olunmuq diinirnirnizi.

kegmigimizi biitiin grlpaqhIr ite g<irdiik. inandr[rmrz adamla-ra, porosti$ etdiyimiz insanlara, ideyalara miinasibotirnizkdkiindon doyiqdi. Olkoda ictimai-siyasi proscsli.lr siirotlo in-kigaf edirdi. Demokatrk qiivvolar. kiitlovi informasiya vasito-lori Kommunist Partiyasrna qargr koskin hiicumlar edir, atala-ti, durgunlugu, mrihifizotarlgi, hor ciir mohdudlu[u, ayn- 'tsegkiliyi aradan qaldrnnafr tolob edirdilor. Olkoni fikir ayn-hlr biiriirniigdii. Meydan siyasotgilerinin sayr artmaqda idi.Hamr tanqid edir, hamr moslahat verirdi, iglomok isto-yonlerin sayr iso azalrrdr. Olko yava$-yava$ tanozziilaufrayrrdr. Xarici kopfiyyat morkozlori, institutlar, konqres-menlor Sovetlor <ilkosindo dernokatiyanrn inkigafina kiimokpordosi altrnda dz dalrdtcr funksiyalarrnr rnoharotlo hoyatakegirirdilor. Onlar ayrr-ayrr demokatlarr miidafio edir. ma-liyyologdirir, toliuratlandrnr, yeri gotdikda iso onlarr satrnalrrdrlar. Oz dafrdrcr rnovqelorini nrohkomlotmok iigiin millimiinasibotlor real variant idi. Yiizo yaxrn millotin vo xalqrnniimayondelorinin tornsil edon Sovctlor olkosindo odavotsalmaq boyiik i[ti;aglara sobob ola bilordi. Belo kiitlovi i[ti-ga;;lar iso yenidonqun.na elan olunduqdan sonra baq vcrdi.1986-cr il Alma-Ata, 1988-ci il Sumqayrt. 1989-cu il Tbilisi.1990-cr il Bakr, l99l-ci il Vilnus hadisolori milli qiiurda doyi-giklik ctdi. SSRi-ya vo morkozdoki rohborloro qargr nifiotgiiclondi. Ayn-ayn respublikalarda kegirilon mitinqlordoSSRI-nin torkibindan Qlxmasrnl elan edirdilor. Ermonilorbiitiin bunlardan moharotlo istifada edib Dafhq earaba! haq-qrnda qondarma problernini bttiin diinyaya boyan ctdi. Onliryenidanqurmadan bir tarixi gans kimi istifado etmok istodilor.Iakin yanrldrlar. Xaricdo yapayan ermoni lobbisi oz homvo-tanlorino krilli miqdarda vosait ayrrdtlar. Onlar girkin vasito_lordon istifado edir, Suu.rqayrh ermonilerin genosidi adlandr-

nrdrlar. Bununla da onlar azorilor haqqtnda diiq;mon obraztyaratmaqla Azorbaycan xalqtnt bagkilson. quldur kirni biitiindiinya ictimaiyyirtinir teqdiur etmoyo gahprrdrlar. Olbotto bclobir adalutsiz le oxlaqstz oyunda susmaq olmazdt. Qiinki

.sumqayrt Dagtrq Qaraba[ hadisolori ile stx bafih idi. Qaraba!problcrninin koklori iso darindir. Torpaq iddiasrnda olan er-rnonilor bu tnosolani dofolorle qaldrrmr;, tarixin ayrt-ayrtmorhol..llorindo istekltrrina nail ohnuqdular. Sumqayrt hadise-lerini araqdrrmazdan awe I Da[hq Qarabalrn yaranma tarixi-no az da olsa ekskurs ehnok pis olmazdt. Sozsiiz ki, onunqaynaqlanndan biri dolma gehorim Sumqaylta, onun yarat-

drgr fcvral faciesino gotirib gtxaracaqdr.

***Tarix iizarindo qolobo galmaq miimkiin deyil. Ayrt-ayrt

dijvrlardo. ayrr-ayrl gaxsiyyotlor tarixi saxtalagdrnnaq istoyib-li,rr. Zor gilcr.ino edilon bu tozyiqlerin ijrrii uzun ohnaytb.Vaxt. zaman, quur hor bir hadisoya oziiniin real vo obycktivmtinasibotini bildirib. Vaxtrnda hadisoyo qiymot vermoyin

ozii hrinor tolob edir. Tarixi ;;exsiyyatlor do o vaxt hijrmatorninirler ki, real hadisoloro yamaq vurmaqdan gakinirlor. La-

kin toossirflar olsun ki, tarixdo belo goxsiyyatlero az tosadiifolunur. Ermoni millati do beladir. Onlann on bciyiik sahvi vo

mofitubiyyoti iso rnilli ideologiyam saxtakarltq va bohtan [zo-rindo qurmalarrdrr. Belo bir idcologiya bir millot kimi onlarr

diinya ictimaiyyoti arastnda niifuzdan, htirmotdan salrr. Belo

ki. saxta ideologiyanr diinya ictirnaiyyoti qi'rbul elomir' On

boyiik qabahat istr ondan ibarotdir ki, hadisolorin, tarixi fakt-

Iarrn osl mahiyyotini ermanilor ermeni xalqmdan homigo giz-

Iirtmi$lor. Tarixdan trallidir ki, ermanilar Qaraba[a lran-dan kiigmiig etnik qrupdur. 1805-ci ilda ermeni kilsesininarxiepiskopu Sisianova yazdrfr maktubda giistarir ki, er-manilar haqsz teqiblera, tazyiqlera maruz qahrlar va on-

larrn Yelizavetpol va irevanda maskunlagmasrna icaza

versin.

1877 -79-u illerde T[rkiye ito Rusiya arasrnda rniihari_ba qurtardrqdan sonra ermonilorin eafqaza yeni axrnr bagladr.Qars vilayotino 50 min ermani kdgiiriildti. Hamin illardo eaf-qazda yagayan I milyon 300 min ermeninin I milyonu kttgkiinidi. ltJ96-cr ilde general $eremetyevin gara yazdrpr molumat_da Qafqazda 900 min ermoninin yaqadrfr stiylonilir. 190g-ciilde onlarm sayr I milyon 300 mine gatr. Umumiyyetto, l3itda (1896-1908) Qafqaza kcigiiriilanlarin sayrnr bilmok iigiinaqagrdakr codvolo diqqot yetirmek kifayotdir.

I milyont'7.264204r4561

82043308905241

5028

Bu roqomler 1897-ci ilo aiddir. 1917-ci ildo bu raqam6 milyon 318 mino gatmrgdrr. Bu illor orzinda eafqaza iimu-mi ohalinin 25 faizi qodar adam krigiiriilmiiqdrir. Bununla rusimperiyasr riz kalonial siyasatini davam etdirir, eafqazda 6zdayaqlarrnr mtihkamlandirirdi. Yerli ohali kogkiinlarin topaq-larrnda sorhad qoyulmasma qraf Voronsov terofindan iiazoverilmirdi. Bu da qanunsuz olaraq torpaqlann zobt olunmasmagotirib Etxartrdt.

***Ermonrlarin apardrqlarr yaltaq ve ikriizlii siyasot onlara

hormi.rt gurirrnirdi. Bunu onlarrn <izluri do yaxqr biga diiqiirdii_Ier. Apardrqlarr siyasoti iimumi bir macraya ydnolhnok iiqiinyeni bir to$krlattn yaradrlmasr zarurati ortaya gtxrrdr. XIX es_rin axrrlarrnda yaratdrqlan Dagnaksrityun partiyasrnrn yara-

I Ennonilor2 Polyaklar3 Qex4 Latrqlar5 Moldavanlar6 Yunanlar7 Yohuditor8 Estonlar9 Aysorlar

drlmasr da zaruratdon dofurdu. Osrin axtrlartnda yaradrlan bu

partiya XX esrin avvollorinde oz foaliyytrtini giiclandirdi'

iq0j-ci ltao azorbaycan-ermoni gaxnagmastndan sonra onlar

daha aktiv iqlornoya ba;layaraq terror aktlarmdan moharotlo

istitado edirdilor.Osrin ovvellorindo dagnakqrlar Qafqazda inqilab ehval-

ruhiyyesinda idilor. Onlar yaqadrqlarr yerlerde yerli hcikumeti

y,*-uq ro iizlerinin Ermanistan Demokatik Respublikasrnr

yu.utrniq fikrindo idilor. Bunun ligiin miixtalif komiteler,

bzaklor yaradrldr. Baktda "Voskanapad", Tiflisde "Biiyiiksaher". i'Mede Kaqak", Batumida "Pivaqankist", Qarsdai'Diarapet". iravanda "Mirkastan", Aleksandropolda

"Kar", $uEada "Aparaz" va s. biitirn bu komitoler Tiflisdayerlogen "$orq biirosu"na tabe idi.- -Partiyanin

ciddi maliyyo sistemi var idi Belo ki, partiy-

anrn har bir iizvii ayltq omok haqqrnrn 2 faizini. partiyanln

biidcosino kegirmati idi. Uzvliik haqlanntn verilmasi ciddi

nozarot altlnda idi.stizsiiz ki, partiyanrn biidcosi takca iizvliik

haqlarr ilo dolmurdu. Ayrl-ayrl miihazirolordon, konsertlor-

don, tarnagalardan, lotoreya oyunlartndan- xeyrilya todbirlo-

rindon pariiyanrn fonduna vasait kcairilirdi' Partiyanrn biidce-

sino nora.oi giiclii idi. Belo ki, 1907-ci ilin oktyabr ayrndan

1908-ci ilin Jekabnn 31-no kirni olan molumata 96ro ayltq

iizvliik haqlarr yerli tizaklor torafindan aqafrdakr kimi ijdo-

nilmiqdir. 'isari; 29 m.90 q., "Biireq" t1m l2 t9:: "|P.Tuj"t hn 49., "Mrav" 4 m 10 q., "Qayr" 19 m 50 q', "Krak"16 m

99., "Zayruit" 85 m 35q. va sair. Takca ayhq gelir 926 manat

85 qopil ohnuqdur. Himin rneblofiin 893 manat 2v qapiyi

teblilat iqlerina xorc lonmi gdir'

**t

i987-ci ilde Parisdo akademik A.Afianbekyan ermani

elitasr qargrstnda grxrg edorak Dafihq Qaraba[rn iqtisadi ba-

xrmdan Azorbaycandan altntb Ermonistana verilmesini qanu-

nauyfun hesab ehniqdir. Akaderrikin molum boyanattnt ana-

liz ctmozdan awal bir az kegmiga qayltmaq pis olmaz.

Sov.iKP MK-nrn Baq katibi M.S.Qorbagov 1985-ci ilda ye-

nidonqunnanr elan etdi. Otkada islahatlara genig yer verildi.Ideologiya sahasindo gahganlar, ilk ndvbodo kiitiari info.-u_siya vasitirlorinin bir gox redaktorlarr dayigdirildi vo onlarrnyerlorini demokratiya arxasrnda pordolenmi; radikal qiivvalertutdu. Yeni tofokkiir ideyasr otaya atlldr, Olkado deniokratiy_aya meyl giiclandi. Lakin bu yenidenqunnadan vi; dcmakra_tiyadan oz meqsadleri iigiin istifade edonlor do taprldr. Tekcodaxili qtivvolor yox, xarici qiiwelor de bu gansdan iizlariiigiin istifado etmaye bagladrlar. Onlara her ciir qida veran,miixtolif pozitiv vo qeyri-pozitiv meyllori mtidafra edan direle M.S.Qorbagovun <izti oldu. SSR[-nin bu lilderini eorbdadosteklayir va onun islahatlanna yaxtndan kornoklik gditorir_diler.

***Yenidanqurmadan istifade edon ermonilor vo onlarrn

xaricdoki lobbisi Dalhq Qaraba! problemini lazrmi seviyya_do togkil_etmak tigiln kifayot qodor siyasi vo sosial bazi ya_ratmaq fikino di.iqdiilar.

DQMV-nrn, habelo Ermonistan dovlot, ictrmai_siyasixadirnlori tez-tez xalq arasrnda goriiniir, ozlorinin bodnamsiya.setlarini hoyata keginnoyo gall$lr, insanlarrn giiurunudayiqmoyo cehd g<istorirdilor. 88-ci ilin fevrahn 25-do Erme_nistan milli televiziyasr ilo Ermeni eriqoryan kilsesinin ka_talikosu Vazgenin grxrgrndan bazi maqamlarl niimuna ge_tirmek pis olmazdl.

"Daflrq Qarabafrn Ermenistana birlepdirilmesiniman tamamila qanuni, Konstitusiyaya uyfun va tabii he_sab edirem... Bu giinler bizim xaricdaki kilsa ta$kilatla_rrndan goxlu maktub alrram, onlar mene zang vururlar ki,Sovet hiikumetina miiraciet edim va xahig edim ki, Da[trqQaraba[ meselasinin Sovet ittifaqlnln Konstitusiyaslna"veDa[hq Qarabafi Muxtar Vilayeti xalq deputatlarr soveti_nin qerarlna esasan edalatle hall etsin. Man bu bayanatla-rt da iqa qo$mu$am va bizim hiirmatli Mixail eorbagovateleqram vurub xahig etmi$am ki, bunu DQMV ermeniahalisinin xeyrine hell olunmasrna kiimak etsin... Men sizi

amin edirom ki, DQMV masalasi Moskvada, SSRi-de mil-latlarin iiz miiqaddaratrnr tayin etmok hiiququna asasanhall olunacaqdrr... Mesalani bizim xeyrimiza hall olunma-sr namina sakit halda, afrlla, temkinla igin axrrrnt giizle-maliyik. Bela tahliikali vaxtda son daraca tamkin ve uza-qgiiranlik niimayiq etdirmak, Ermanistanda, Azerbaycan-da milli miinaqiiiaye yol vermamak iiqiin ermani-Azarbay-can qardaghfilnr giiz babayi kimi qorumaq laztmdtr. Ominolun ki, DQMV masalesinin hallinde size har ciir kiimak-lik etmek istayan xaricdaki ermanilarin de iradasi mehzbeladir. Oks taqdirda biz maflubilyatla iizleqe bilarik. Bi-zim meqsedimiz iiz harakatlarimzle adalate mane olmaqyox, onun qalebe qalmasrna nail olmaqdlr... Ehtiyatltolun, manim gafilngrma va ata nesihatima amal edin.Biitiin ermani xalqtntn patriarxl kimi men iiz Vetanim vemilletim qargrstnda biiyiik masuliyyot hissi ile sizemiiqaddas Incil adrndan miiraciet ediram. Allah hamrntzayar olsun".

1988-ci ilin fevrahn 26-da gair Silva KaputikyanErmanistanrn milli televiziyasr ilo grxrg etdi. Silva <iz xalqrnanliiraciotlo deyirdi ki, srafagiin mani vo Zori Balayanr Mosk-vada Sov.iKP MK katibi A.N.Yakovlev, diinon iso

M.S.Qorbaqov qobul etdi. Biz onlara dedik ki, asrin owolo-rindon Stalinin millotgi siyasatinin noticosindo Dafiltq Qara-baf Azorbaycana verilmiqdir. indi tarixdo buraxtlan stlhvdiizoldilmolidir. Biz tez-tez DaEltq Qarabafi soziinti iglodirdik.

Qorbagov qeyd elodi ki, Qarabafirn qodim adr "Artsax"dr.Onun bu soziindon aydrn oldu ki, Qorbagov noinki real ve-ziyyeti, habelo Qarabafrn tarixini de yaxgr bilir. Biz Qorba-qovu dasteklodiyimizi siibut elornok iigrin ona dedik ki,DQMV-nrn ahalisi onun yenidonqurma siyasotini boyonir vomiidafia edirlor. Kcairilon mitinqlordtr onun portretlorininmeydanda olmasr ona qarqr mohobbatdon iroli galir. Qorba-qov qeyd etdi ki, olkado bir srra rnilli problemlor toplanrb, on-lar bu yaxrnlarda Morkozi Komitonin plcnumunda hall olun-rnahdrr. Vo qeyd etdi ki, DQMV onun dairni nozaroti altrndaolacaq. Bizi qabul etdiyi ugun ona minnotdarLfirmrzr bildir-

dik. Belo ki, di.inyanrn an boyiik dovlotinin baqgrst, cilke prc-zidcntlorino adoten l0-15 doqlqo vaxr ayrnr, bizimlo iso birsaat sdhbat ctdi.

Silva Kaputikyan grxrgrnda brihin enneni ohalisino.ganclore lniiraciot edi:rek dedi ki, Qaraba[ tarixon Ermeni-stanrn olub. Bizim e sas moqsodimiz har iki torpagr birleqdir-mok deyil. osas moqsod tarixen biza vurulan yaranr sagaltma-qdrr. Tarixi odalotsizlik borpa olunmahdrr. Xalqlnrz boyiiklbciolaro diigar olub. lakin xalqrmrz miidrik xalqdrr. Biz ozmiidrikliyimzi Qorbagova kijmeklikdo gdstennatiyik. eiinkiyenidonqurmanrn, dcmokratiyanrn dii;monleri goxdur, onlarbir cebhodan gtxl$ edib, bizim planlarr poza bilorlor. BunagrJro hor bir vechla ona krirnok etmoli vo tarixi torpaqlalmrzrqaytarmahylq.

***Sumqayrt hadisolorinin hazrrlanmasrnda vo hoyata ke-

girihrasinda emtoni rnillotgilerinin, onlann Moskvada vo xa-ricdeki havadarlannln oli vardlr. Sumqayltda qan tokmokloonlar biitiin diinyaya car gekmek istayirdilor ki, azorbaycanh-lar ermanilori dinc yagamafia qoymur, onlan fiziki ve rnonvicohotdon mahv etmok istoyirlor. Hornin giinlor ilrafosind.)ennonilorin Sumqayrtdan kiltlovi surotdo getmolori, omanotkassalarrndan pullarr grxartmalan vo s. harokotlori mrrrhumakadcrnik Z.Biinyadovun "Pogemu Surnqait'/" adh rnaraqlranalitik moqalesindo do aynca qeyd olunmugdur. Maraqh faktondan ibarotdir ki, igvegdon golmip Arteges Qabrielyan oz vi-deokamerasr ilo homin grinlor Sumqayrtrn kiigolorinde no go-zirdi'/ Demoli Sumqayrt hadrsolori qabaqcadan planlaqdrnl-mrqidr. 28 sentyabr 1989-cu il tarixli "Xalq qezeti" yazrrdr:Millivatce ermani olan ArtaEes Qabrielyan Sumqayttdalente aldr[r hadisalara bele ad qoymufdur: "Bizi bagkesan-larden xilas edin". Filur xarici olkalardo foaliyyot gdstoronennoni mt)rki)zlori iiEiln nozorda hltulmu;du. Aydrndrr ki,Qabrielyanrn qokdiyi film hansr urirqsodlori giidiirdii. Yuxarr-da qeyd etdiyim kirni, Azorbaycanr, Azorbaycan xalqrnrdilnyaya qanigon bir mittot kirni tanrtmaq. Biitiin bu hadiso-

10

lerdtrn sonra bdyiik tabligat kompaniyasr baqlandr. Ermonilo-ro qar;r yonoldiltln yeni "genosid" xarici motbuat sohiflerindtldo ijziino geniq; ycr tapdr. "Azadhq" radiostansiyasrnrn ermeniredaksiyasmm Baq redaktoru Eduard Ohanesyan hamin hadi-se giinlorinda daridon-qabrqdan grxrr. Sumqayrt "genosidi"inibiitiin bo$oriyyet tarixinde gilriinmomig bir aksiya kimi qole-me verirdi. Olanlorin sayr 32 yox. 500 nefer oldulunu iddiaedirdilor. Yalan, biihtan ayaq tutub yerimoya bagladr. Yere-vanda tocili olaraq "Sumqait genosid. qlasnost" kitabr negrolunub biitlin iilkoyo paylandr.

"Pratda" I mart 1988.

Sumqdwt Solnrinda bir qrup xuliqan Suluqluq salmrs-lar. Azfrmltq t'a zorahhq hallan olmusdur. $aharda hayatrnormal hala salmaq, intizamt va iclimai asayiEi tamin etmakiiqiin todhirlor gr)riilmiiSdi)r. istintaq orqanlan tadqiqattadbirlori apanrlar.

Surnqayrtda fevrahn 2tl-dan 29-na kegon geco qan

tiikiildii. Martrn l-da Sumqayrtda komendat saatt elan olundu.SSRI Miidafio Nazirtiyinin general-leytenanh V.V.KrayevSumqayrtrn komendatr toyin edildi.

***Sumqayrt hadisalarindo ermonilorin xiisusi rolu olmug-

dur. Lakin onlar bu hadisalorda bir alat kirni grxrq cdirdilor.Bunu onlar ola bilsin ki. bijttin dorinliyi ilo anlarnrrdrlar.

Qiinki ermoni idcoloqlarrnrn illarlo agrladrgt ideoloji psixozonlarm giiurunu zohorlemiqdi. Hor bir ermoni Boyiik Ermani-stan u[runda osl votanporvor olmah idi. Yerindon, mokanm-dan, irsindon, dinindon asrh olmayaraq her bir ermeni 6z vo-tonporvorliyini iqda, omolda siibut etmoli idi. Hemin d6vrdaSumqayrtda Qarabafi komitasinin filiallarr faaliyyat gostorir-di. iri rniiessisalorin demok olar ki, hamrsrnda bela fitiallaryaradrlmr;dr. Uzvliik haqlarr vaxtlr-vaxtlnda odirnilirdi. Oda-mo pulu l0 manata qador idi, bu, her kosin imkanrndan asrlridi.

SSRi Bag prokurorlufun istintaq qrupunun miistontiqi,ukraynah Qriqori Kotenko stihbat asnasrnda demigdi:

'11

- Sumqawt lrudisolarindon avval QarubaE problemi ititlaqadar oluraq miiassisa va taskiletlardu t,erli olrulinin reak-silttt.st haqqtndu giinaErn Qarabaga. ordan du Yerawtna in-firmastvalar dliiri)li)rdii. Bu, informa|;i,vurn onlara kim qaldrnrdt? Azorbuycanl ar? Yox. Ruslar? Bu onlann nafina latmidi? Olbalta ki, ermonilor, daha daqiq desak ermani qrzlart.Onlann isa basmda Slella admda bir qadtn dururdu. B tiininformasiyalar ond t'erilir. o da ii: niivbosinda rabito Sdba-sinde galrsun ermoni rabilegilitrinin ali ilo infitrmasivulartStepdnakerlo vo Yerevuno otliriirdiilar Belo bir xidmot giinStellaya kiilli miqdarda qonorar avnrtl ar. O, onu avrtlan tit-.saiti qclur arasutda bdliisdiir rdi). Komendal sua olandansonra Sumqawtdan Stellam herbqilar Q*artd ar vo o nama-lum isliqamotdo vora gmdL. Owalar onun izino diismak ista-dik, Iakin iSin goxlugundan Stella yadrmzdan Exdr. Onu dttqeyd edim ki, Stella lakca informasiya toplamaqla masgul de-

ltildi. Onun Sumqalt da bir neqa yerda .fahisaxanav var idi.l5-25 vaslr umani qulart har axSam miirtalif klientlari qobuledirdi. Qrzlardan birini, Nairini dindirmi;dik. Onun dediyinogoro onlur Stelladan qorxurdular. Qiinki onlan hodelayir, mi'li.sla qorxuzurdu. Belo girkin islarlo masgul olan bir qadmagdz n iisto qasm vur deyon olmurdu. Sumqaytda bunu btrgoxlan bilirdi, lakin susmadL ,sli)n tuturdular. Ham de Stel-lanm deyilano gdra bdytik htirmeti var idi. Belo ki, o, ltarlnnst miiassiso.yo gedirdise, onu somimi qobul edirdilor. Btrsdzla lnmin cavan oElan va qclar Sumqu.,-ttdo iqlidur ilo Qu-rabu! komitasi arasrnda wsitoEilik rolunu o.vnayDd ur. Ortaya problem guan kimi tezlikla lrcll olunurdu. Ogar Sum-

qay port\)a komilosinin ltirinci katihinin .siriicus va Soltorprokurorlugunun kalibosi ermani millittindon olurdu:sa bu lM'qda olava izalnla ehtiycac yordur-

Boli, Kotenkorun dediklerindo hoqiqat var idi. "Qara-

baE komitosi" Stclla kimilarinin vasitosi ilo Surnqayrtda oz

foaliyyatlorinin nizamlaya bilidilor. Onlar no qodor gizli, no

qodilr moxfi ig aparsalar da Surnqayrt hadisolorinde orlartn ig

iiztori agrtdr. Lakin bir faktr qeyd clomok lazrmdtr ki, bu ha-

qda motbuatda da yazrhb. Sumqyrt hadisolorindo oldtriilen,

12

qarot olunan cnnonilarin oksoriyytlti "Qaraba! kornitosi" ilaornokdaphqdan inrtina edonlor idi. Mehz onlar Sumqayrtdaennirni lorin qurban larr oldular.

"Qarabaf komitosi"nin iizvlori hadisedon iki ay qabaq

omanot kassalarrnda olan pullartnt kiitlovi surotdo glxarmaga

ba;iladrlar. Onlarr buna mocbur edan no idi? Illerle manat-lnanat toplayanlar bir saat erzindo vannt-yoxunu gotiiLriib Ql-xrb getdilor. Bu bir daha onu siibut edir ki. bu. qabaqcadan

diiqiiniihniig. planla;;dnhnr; bir aksiya idi. Maraq iigiin haminvaxt kassalardan qtxartlan pullaln sahiblarinin farnilyalarrnrtoqdim edirik. N.Afacanyan - 16765 rub, S.Gevorkyan -I 1244, K.Martirosyan - 8730 rub, Z.Melkumyan - 13580rub, A.Janyan - 5619 rub, S.Kaprielova - 16697 rub,R.Mikaelyan - 7510 rub, V.Avanesova - 13750 rub,A.Poqosyan - 9360 rub, A.Tanyan - 5619 rub, S.Kap'rielova - 16697 rtb,, Y.Yaxgiryan - 8795 rub' R.Sarkisyan -8880 rub, S.Afanbekyan - 6754 rub' Y.Akopov - 6519 rub,A.Sarkisyan - 7152 rub, Q.Davidyants - 8202 rub,B.Sarkisyan - 5377 rub, L.Babayan - 17890 rub, A.Am-bartsumyan - 12760 rub, R.Tomosyan - 8670 rub' J.Xa-qaturyan - 8877 rub, E.Baqdosaryan - 9228 rub, K.Xan-karyan - 6574 rub, M.Azaryan - 8570 rub.

Dckabr 1987-ci il vo yanvar-fevral l9tt8-ci illarda oma-

not kassalarmda minden yuxart ermoni pul grxarrb Sumqayltr

tork etrnigdir. Sual olunur. Onlart oz vasaitolarini gdtiinibqaqrna[a no vadar ctmiqdir'l

Sumqayrt hadisOlorindo sumqayttltlartn goxu 6z voton-daplrq borcunu yerine yetirdilor. Qan qox tiikiito bilordi. La-kin qohirr sakinlorinin i;ksoriyyoti bu qantn qar$lslnl aldt. Qantokrnek heg bir xalqa ;araf gotinnoyib. Qan ttikmok hornbriyiik iddiadan, hom do haqiqot qargrsrnda acizlikdan ireligolir. Sumqaythlarrn sayrqhlr, hiinari, qorxmazhfir haqqrndagox deyilib. $alrcrin komendanfi Kravev "Pravda" qozetinin2l mart 1988-ti il so.t tnLkt demiSdir; "0tiim qox olo hilard.Ogor rerli ahali ktimak elmosa idi. At,tobus suriiciis elo l:.e-

min on l0 ermani ailasini oz do{ma ro)'onuna $aki.t'o aparfu.A:arbqcan ailosi binalannu hicum edan ruliqanlann qa-

'13

bagtnt kasmiSlar. Bir fehla r)z dostu ermani ila at,lobustla ge-dirdi. Xuliqanlar avtobusun qabagnt kesib ermenini talab er-dilar. Azarbaycanh tizii yaralmdr, dostunu isa xilas etdi.,'

"Yurmala" qozetinin 29 iyun 1989-cu il tarixli 26-crn<irrosinin birinci sahifesinda agalrdakr srizlor yazrlmrgdrr.Qozetin bu ncimri)si Ermonistana vi) ermeni xalqrna hosr dlu-nur. l6 sehifolik qezctin 12 sohifosi Ermenistana hasr olun-mugdur. Ayrr-ayrr moqalelordon sitat gatirmoyi moslehotgdriiriik: Silva Kaputikyan: "Biz uguruma yuvarlanmr;rq. er-xl; yolu yoxdur. Bir tarofde Tiirkiyo, digor torefdo Azer-baycan. Havamrz gatmlr. Mohv oluruq. Teosstif. . . Azer-baycan ziyahlarrnrn eksoriyyeti bclo hesab edir ki, earabagAzarbaycanrn ayr maz terkib hissesidir".

Yazrgr Sero Xanzadyan: "1930-cu ildo earabalda 850min ermoni ya$ayrrdt. 1988-ci ilin avvollorindo onlarm sayrtoxminon yarrbayan azabb. 1926-cr ilda Naxgrvanda ermoni-lar ohalinin 40 faizini tagkil edirdi. 1988-ci ilin axrrlarmdaorada demok olar ki, ermoni qalmayrb". Bdhtangr daha sonrayazrrdr: "Sumqayrtda ermanilorin qatli Azorbaycan rohborlariile razrlagdrrrlaraq hayata kegirilmigdir. Sumqayrtda 450-yaqodor crmoni voh;icosina cildiiriiliib. Morkozi rnotbuat isa 32nofar helak olan barodo xebor verir."

***Ennoni millotgilari riz girkin kampaniyalarrnr miixtolif

olkolorin motbuat vasitolarindo yox, oz matbuatlannda daplanh surotdir davam etdirirdilar. Ycrevanda no;r olunmuqSumqayrt, genosid, a;karhq kitabrnr da buna rnisal gdstormokolar. Bar;dan-ayafa bcihtan vo ifliradan ibarotdir. Golin gorekkitabda no yazrlrr: "Bizda sanodlor var ki, Sumqayrtda 100nafordon gox adam helak ohnugdur." Bali, belo uydurmalaraermoni millotgilarinin crzmaqaralarmda gox rast galmok olar.Roqomlari gigirtmoklo diinya ictimaiyyotinin diqqotini colbelamok ermoniloro xas olan cohotdir.

"II:sectuq" qazetinin 1988-ci ilin 30 mart tarixlintimrasi idi. "Sumqaytt: Istintaqa gayialer mane olur"maqalasinda SSRI Baq Prokurorlufunun miihiim iqlar

14

iizra miistantiqi Sumqayrt hadisaleri ile baflt istintaq.qru-punun rahbari V.Qalkina aga[rdakr sual verilmigdir: Istin-taqa nasa mane olurmu?

- On ewal gavialar mane olur. Istintaq tarefindanqati miiavyan olunmuqdur ki' Sumqayrtda qanunpozuntutarl zamam bir ugaq halak olmamtgdlr. Halakolanlar na 400, na 5(X), cami 32 nafar olmugdur.

***Ennoni diasporu haqiqotan ennonilore kiilli miqdarda

yardrm ctdi. ilk n<ivbodo boyiik hi)cmdit silah, orzaq va deva-

dorman giindorildi. Fransantn moghur mi.igonnisi $arl Azna-vur bir ncgo dtlfo Ermanistanda, Yerevanda olmuqdur. Tokcoonun iizii 2 milyon Amerika dollarr ayrrmrg, Parise qayrtdr-

qdan sonra ise "Aznavur-Armeniya" fondu yaratmrg va bu

fbndun hesabrndan Ennanistana 7 milyon Amerika dollarryardnn etmigdir. Belo adamlann sayrnr xeyli artrmaq olar'Biitiin yardrmlar vo qiivve lor iso horbi tocaviizo y<inoldilirdi

Carni 200 min ohalisi olan Stepanakert gcirosi:n silahlan ha-

ra<lan alrr? Axt rosmi Ermanistan bu faktr inkar edir. TA yan-

var 1990-cr il tarixli Parisde negr olunan "Jurnal dyu di-mang" qazeti yazlrdl: "Axtr gtnler Livandan Yerevanaa[lr silah minamyot ve avtomatlardan ibaret tayyaralargalmekde davam edir. Onlann boqaldtlmasl ermanigiimriik iEqilarinin nazarati alhnda gecelar hayata kegiri-lirdi. Onlar respublikadan kenar har bir himayedan azad

olunmug ve daha eox ekstremist ermani terefina kegmiE-

lar. Artrq nege giindiir ki, aeroportun gtimriiyiinde bir na-

far da olsun rus xidmat etmir. Bu silahlarln dagtnmasl ola

bilsin ki, sentyabrdan baglanrb. Dafhq Qarabafda vatan-daq miiharibasi qtztqan andan Yerevanda ve kandlarde,paytaxt ile Azerbaycan sarhaddi araslnda yerlegen arazi-da daha qox silahh adamlara, hemqinin qorxulu va hargeya hazrr olan xeyli qrzrtml$ gonclara rast galinir. Budastalarin bagtnda gox vaxt Beyrutdan va DemeEqdengelmiE ermanilari giirmek olar. Onlarln bezilari Livanterrorqularlna va silahlanmlE xristian formalaqmalarayaxrndrrlar. Kiige diiyiiEleri taktikasrnr yaxgr bilan

15

yiizlerla Livan eramanileri bura vizasrz galiblar. Onlarrnbir hissasi Yerevanda yerlagir, akserilryati isa sarhed ray-onlarr olan Gorus va Xanlar atrafina yola diiqiibler. Qongurespublikalarda oldu[u kimi "Qarabaf komitasi" bu taq-kilatlarr Azarbaycana qargr iiz allarinde saxlaylrdl, Yalnrzo, siza dlkanin gerqina getmak iigiin vertolyot vera bilar.Bu "QarabaI komitasi" asl harbilagdirilmig komite olub.

Rusiyada, ololxtisus Moskvada clo qiiwolor var ki, on-Iar crmanilori destokloyir, Ermonistana, Dalhq Qarabalamaddi vo texniki yardrm gostorirlor. 1997-ci ilin avvallerindoRusiya Ermonistana tomannaslz olaraq I milyard Amerikadollarr rnoble[indo silah gondarmiqdir. Bu faktr Rusiyanrnmiisteqil drivlotlor birliyi iizro kegmi9 iq naziri Aman Tuleyevagkarlamrg, Rusiya Dcivlet Dumasrnrn Miidafio Kornitosininsodri, general-leytenant marhum Lev Roxlin Dumanrn icla-srnda tasdiqlomigdir. 1997-ci ilin aprelinda "Trud" qozeti ya-zrrdr: "Kegrnig SSRi-nin Ermanistan arazisindon 7-ci ordusu-nun miilkiyyotinin b<iliipdiiLriilmasi 1992-ci ildo baga gatmrq-drr. Buna baxmayaraq 1993-96-ci illorda Yercvana kiilli mi-qdarda alavo silah vcrihnigdir. ilk baxrgda burada qeyri-adihcg no yoxdur, silah alveri biitiin diinyada on golirli bimesdir.Lakin Rusiya silahlarr ermenilora heg bir miiqavilosiz, gor-tsiz, daha do[rusu gizli gokilda verilmi;dir... General Roxli-nin miivafiq aktmda gdstarilir ki, 1992-94-cn itterda Zaqafqa-ziyaya silah vo herbi texnika dircktiv olmadan ordu qruplag-masrnrn anbarlanndan vcrilmigdir.

- raket-artilleriya silahlarr -9,5 min ododdan 9ox- 600 vaqon doyiiq; sursatr- 72 odod tank oleyhino silah vo texnika- 21314 odod texnikamn yanacaEr vo 64,2 min ton

yanacaq- rabita lovazimatr vo texnikasr - 15977 rabito dosti vo

41003 kilometr sohra kabeli...Bu cur bagrpozuqlufiun, ermoni ordusunun silahlandr-

nlmaslnrn osas hissosi Pavcl Qragovun rni.idafio naziri, MixaliKolcsnikovun Bag qarargahm roisi oldu!u vaxta tosadi.if edir.

It)

.\\S

Roxlin amindir ki, "igler" in hor ikisinin bilavasito rohborliyivir igtirakr ilo hoyata kegirilmiqdir.

Ermanistsnu qeyri-qanununi sat mry silahlann cadvaliqtt meti / orla konmersita qirmatlari ila / 18$ dollan ila

1993-cii ilin vanvanndan 1996-ct ilin vanvarrnadok

Adr Miqdarr Umumi qivmatiPU OTR 8 L680.000Oruq ZRK 27 8. 100.000ZRK raketlori 349 104.700.000"OSA" raketlori 40 8.000 000

T-72 tanklan 40 8.000.000BMP.2 50 14.000.000

122 mm-mk QD30 36 1.872.000

152 mm-mk QD-1 18 900.000152 mm-mk QD 20 t8 720 000

"QRAD" l8 4.500.000

Minomyot 26 312.000"lqla" 40 1.600.000

Qranatomyot 20 50.000

Avtomat 306 122.400

Avtomat 1910 942.200Pistolet 1947 110.820Miixtil lif sursatlar 489 160 19s.664.000BMP-2 S sursatr-30 47880 t4.354.400BM PQUR 4 1.320.000Ol qranatlan 345800 27.253.000Giille /Mnxtotif/ 227.253.tJ00 27.253.000Digor silah ndvlari 270 270.000.000

Yekun, toqriban 1.000.000.000

1997-cr ilin aprelindo Nyu-Yorkda nagr olunan "Filo-dclfiva inkuavrer" qazeti vazrrdr: "Ermanistana bir lnilvarddollar mablaiiridl silahlann sizlico sdndrrihnesi ila bailr'l c'.'.fl,iT - I

| '' - ;, - --'Ir*-l

Moskvada qopmu; gox boyiik siyasi qalmaqal Amerika sahil-lorina do gedib gatan qrzgrn reaksiya dofurmugdur.. .

... Bu ehvalat "soyuq miiharibo" dovni trillerinin biitiincasusluq irnsiirlorinin oks etdirir, ondan yalnrz bununla ferq-lonir ki, "soyuq miiharibo"nin yerini indi diimyada yeni neftmonboleri u!runda Amerika ile Rusiya arasrnda gedan miiba-rize tutmu$dur... Amerika girkatleri Azorbaycan neftinin gr-xarmaq niyyetinda olan konsorsiuma milyardlarla dollar ser-maye qoymuqdur. Lakin bu neftin bazara grxarrlmasr Rusiya-nrn xo$ maramlndan asrhdrr. ..

Sumqayrtda irtir,rq d;; edirdi. Ermoni motbuatr isahay-kiiy qaldrmr$drr ki, guya Sumqayrtda istintaq diizgiinapanlmr. Cinayatkarlar gizlanilir ve sair. Hadisolorin tedqi-qatnda Sumqayrtda tocriiboli miistontiqlar, kiminalistlor,psixoloqlar igtirak edirdi. Demak olar ki, hamrsr SSRI proku-rorlugunun xatli ila galmi$dir. Hamin giinler SSRi baq pro-kurorunun miiavini A.F.Katusevla "lllsecrus" qezetindemtsahiba derc edilmigdir. Aleksandr Filipovig Sumqayrthadisalarini Dafhq Qaraba[ hadiselari ile baflayrrdr. O,qeyd edirdi ki, fevrahn 22-de DQMV-da baglanmrg kiitleviixtigagalar Azerbaycanrn an biiyiik sanaye merkezlerin-den biri olan Sumqayltda vaziyyeti gerginlagdirmigdi. Na-ticelar malumdur. 32 nefar adam iilmiiqdiir. 94 tehrikgi vaigtirakgr hebs edilmigdir. Katusev irz rnilsahibasinde dahasonra qeyd edir ki, Sumqayrt iqi otrafrnda ciirbociir uydurma-lar istintaqa mane olur. Mesolon, gayialor yayrlrrdr ki, gehor-do kiitlavi ixtigaglardan qabaq cismon mahv edilmak iigiinermoni millotindan olan Sexslorin siyahlsl tutulurmug. Guyabir sra miiossisolardo xiisusi olaraq metal gubuqlar vo ba$qa

predmetlor hazrlanrmrg, rabito qov$aqlarmm i$qilari ermani-lorin monzillerindo telefonlan qosden $abokadon gxartblar-ml$. Bu vo buna bonzor xaborlari yoxlamaq iigiin miistantiq-lor Sumqayltm bir gox sakinlorinin, miiossisolorin fehlolori-

18

nin, monzil-istismar kontorlarrnrn, rabito qovgaqlarmtn vodigi:r xidmat biilmalorinin amokdaqlannt dindirmigler. Beloxaberlerin heg biri tosdiq edilmemigdir. Lap bu yaxrnlarda is-tintaq qrupuna Ermonistan sakini Q.B.Ulubabyanrn moktubudaxil olmuq;dur. O, moktuba Sumqayrda ya$ayan votenda;i

A.Q.Qriqoryanrn erizosini de olavo etrnigdir. Orizede kiitlevii!ti$a$ zamanr onun arvadrntn vo iig u;a[tnrn halak oldulubildirilirdi. Bu veziyyotla alaqodar olaraq Qriqoryan iyulun 4-do SSRI Prokurorlulunun miistentiqine cynon agaprdakrlarr

izah etrnigdir: "Biz hamtmtz: mon, arvadtm, ollum Pavel voqrzrm Yelena sa[-salamatrq. Menim heg vaxt Vladimir adrnda

oflum olmayrb. Guya an'adtm va uqaqlartm holak olublar.Mon bu baredo heg vaxt, heq kima demomigam vo bununlaolaqodar Moskvaya da getlnomi;om. Menim adrmdan yazrlan

orizonin suroti mone toqdim edilmigdir. Lakin imza monimdeyil. Men belo imza etmiram. Bu erizado gostarilonlor uy-dunnadrr."

***1988-ci ilin may ayrnda ilk mahkama i;i baga gatmrqdrr.

Talc isrnayrlova adam 6ldiirdiiyiina gtiro 15 it i9 kasilmigdir'"Vr;ka" qozetinin "Fitnakar vo garikltlr" adh moqalesini boziixtisarlarla oxuculara toqdim edirem.

Safarov Nizami Sumbat o[lu. 1962-ci ilda Sumqaytt-

da qoxugaqh ailodo dofllmugdur. itk giinlordon istintaq or-qanlarrna lazuni ifadolar vermigdir. Mohkama prosesindo dz

ifadasini bir nega dofa doyigmiqdir. Axrtncr dafe verdiyi ifa-dolordon birindo E.Qriqoryan istisna olmaqla oz yoldaglarrna

bdhtan atdlgmi s<iylornigdir.Mammadoa Qalib Qadirqah oflu. 1967-cr ildo $ama-

xrda fehla ailosinda anadan olmugdur. Orta moktobi qurtaran-dan sonra Sumqayrtda Texniki Pega Moktabino daxil olmug-dur. 1988-ci ilin yanvannda t.rrdudan torxis edilmigdir. istinta-qrn gediginde va mohkemodo verdiyi ifadalar bir nega dofadayigmigdir. Yalnrz axrrrncrsrnda E.Qriqoryana aid olan ifa-dosindo hoqiqati s<iylemiqdir.

19

Hiiseynov Vaqif Vahabali oflu. 1963-cii ilda fohle ai-losindo anadan olmu;;dur. Mehktlmodo istintaq zamanl vcr-diyi ifadedon irntina etmigdir.

Nacafov Adil Ohmadxan oflu. 1963-cti ildo anadanolmupdur. Ovvolar miihakime olunmuqdur. istintaq zamantverdiyi ifadeden mohkamedo imtina etmiqdir.

Gencaliyev Elgin Oli oflu. 1965-ci ildo anadan olmuq-dur. Uqaqhqdan gokerli diabetdan ozllyot gokmi$, sonradanagciyur virrominu rutulmu;dur. ikinci qrup alildir. Kiitlavintimayiqlordo iqtirak etrnokda taqsirlandirilorok 1988-ci ilsentyabrrn 22-do turulmupdur. istintaq zarnanl onun 1988-ci ilfevrahn 28-de Sumqayrt hadisolorinde iqtirakr miioyyoneditmi;dir. Mahokomo prosesi gedorkon 1989-cu ilin oktyab-nnda vofat etmigdir. (Kamera yolda$lannm gahid ifadesi -

dziinii oldtirmtigdiir).isayev Ofser islam oflu. 1962-ci ildo Surnqayrtda go-

xu;;aqh ailedo dogulmugdur. 1985-ci ildo ofiurluq tistiindomiihakimir edilmigdir. Uq azyagh u$agr var. istintaq zamanrbir neqo dofo mtixtolif ifadelor vcrmiq, rnehkomede birininiizerindo dayanmrgdrr.

Qriqoryan Eduard Robertovig. 1959-cu itdoSumqayrtda. lahla ai.lasindo dufulmui;dur. iki qarda5r

rniihakimo edilmigdir. Ozti isa 3 dofo 1976-cr ildo, 1981-ciildo, 1982-ci ildo miittohimlor kiirsristindo oylo$mi$, qatrcinayotkar kimi 9 il,2 ay va i 3 giin miiddetlorindo azadhqdanmahrurn edilmiqdir.

Sumqaylt hadisalerinda icragrlara mahz Qriqoryanbaggrhq edirdi. O, bu oyunda yiiksok dairolordo oylogon er-rnoni millotgilarinin alindo bir alot idi. Qriqoryan ona tapsrn-lan iqin iihdosindon bacarrqla galdi. Bir nege gtin orzindo ot-raflna yetkinlo$momig gonclori toptya bildi. Onlara pul payla-dr, narkotik maddolor verdi. G<jrasen heg bir yanda iglemey-on, tiifeyli hoyat siiron "Paqa" loqobli Qriqoryanda bu qodorpullar ve narkotik rnaddolor haradan idi? Sozsiiz ki, onu er-moni milletgilori tornin edirdi. "Paqa" bu siyasi aksiyada ozrolunu axrracan oynaya bilnodi. Belo ki, qan tijkondon sonra

o qaQrnah idi. bununla da izi itirmoli, onnonilorin bu igda oli

olmadrgl siibut oluntnalt idi. Goriiniir hardasa sohvi'r yol vcr-rni$diler. Qriqoryan ola kegdi ve mehkomo qarglstnda cavabvermoli oldu. Ermenistanda, Moskvada yaqayan ermeni lob-bisi Qriqoryan haqqrnda hay-ktiy qaldrrdtlar. Onun Azor-baycan mohkomesindon ahb Rusiyaya verilmosini talob etdi-lor. Lakin bu miimkiin olmadr. Qriqoryan oz emollorino gciro

cavab vennoli idi.Ermenr millotgilori Qriqoryan haqqrnda giiclii toblilat

rnexanizmini ipo saldrlar. Bela bir fikir ortaya atrlml$dl ki,guya Azorbaycanda Qriqoryana tozyiqltrr edilir, i;gancolarverilir. Biitiin bunlar qiibhosiz ki. a! yalan idi. Qriqoryan et-diyi cinayoto goro Ali Mohki;rne tarofinden l2 i[ hebs ceza-srna layiq giiriildi. Burada nasa bir anla$tlmazhq vardrr. Beloki. 5 adam rildnrmiig. bir nege ermoni qrztnt zorlamrg Qri-qoryana l2 ip il verilmosr hansr prinsiploro uyfiun idi? Taleisrnayrlovu bir adam tildilrd[yiine giiri.l (he9 bu da tam

miioyyon olunmarnrgdr) 15 il ig kosrniqdilar. Ilkin ittihamna-mo iso dliiLrn cozasr idi. Talehin vekili sumqayttlt Aleksandrivanovig ivannikov idi. Onunla stihbatimizdon aydrn oldu ki,Talehin taleyi goxlartnt maraqlandlrlrrnt$. istor Azorbaycan-da, istorso do Moskvada. Mohkarnayo, istintaqa giiclii tazyiq-lor olmuqdur. Bunu gorondo SSRi Ba$ Prokurorlufuna qikay-

ot elodim vo axtrda yazdrm ki, agar bir daha bu ciir toryiqlarolarsa mtln igdon imtina edirorn. Ozi.intinz bilirsiniz ki, harnindcivrda kiitlovi informasiya vasitolori ilk mahkomo igi ilonece maraqlanrrdrlar. Monim irntina etmoyim iso qahnaqala

sobeb ola bilordi. Sonralar tozyiqlar bir az songidi. Biz oliimhtikmiiLnii l5 il ile ovez ctmoli olduq.

Ennoni milltltgilorinin Moskvadakr havadarlarrnrn kii-rnoyi ila Qriqoryanr Azorbaycandan ahb Rusiyaya apardtlar.O, oz hobs cozasmt Stavropol vilayotinin Budyonovsk gaho-

rinde kegirtdi. Bu haqda aynca fasildo sdhbat agacafrma g<iro

gcniy dayanmagr mosl.rhot bilmirlm.

21

nPEAt4CIlOB14E

MoxHo no na.JlbuaN{ cocqHTarb HHTeJITHfeHToB, KoropLleHe flepecTa]oT ayMaTb o ToM, KaK paccKa3aTb npaBAy MHpoBolo6urecreeHHocrlr, MexlyHapoAHbrM optaHr.r3auHrM o rponaaoIaKrrr,rH, yqhHeHHoX apMqHcKHMH HauHoHaJrHcraMH a Cyurarre a

tpeapa,re 1988 roAa, KaK rroBr,rcHTb ronoc 3a npaBoe gelo A:ep-6aittxana. Heocnopavur 3acnyr-H xypHzraHcra 3fipyra Mave2o-Ba B paccneAoBaHur t4 pzcKpltrlat4 Ha ocHoBe $axroa a loxy-uerror Cyuraurcrnx co6trrlrfr. I4ueHuo os,[oBen Io MHpoBo[oSuec r BeHHoc rH l.{crHH) o roi,r. ,{r o aeficrsu, apvqHcKl.{x rep-popHcruqecKHx oprauurauafi ecrb HHqro HHoe, KaK oqepeAHoiBHToK npecrynneHufi, coaepureuHbrx apMTHoKHMH HauHoHa-JII]CTA MH.

3.MaNreAos [oApo6Ho N r,ry6oro aHaru3HpoBzur KopHH.cyrlHocrb co6brr fi, flpo]icueAurax B CyMrar.rre. Onnparcr HacBoH MHoro,rHcreHHsre ua6loleHur. ueHoI HanplxeHHoro rpy-.qa oH 3aKoHqHJI aoKyMeHTanbHo-[y6,ruuncruvecxyro KHHry rroaHa3BaHr,IeM <<B uoqs c 28-ro na 29-oe>, Hacrorula, KHHfa,,Bncroularcg coKpauIeHHBrM BapuaHToM yKa3aHHOfO AOKyMeH-Ta.nbHoro rrpoH3BeaeHr.rt noA Ha3BaHHeM (ApMflHcKa, aHBep-cnr), noAroroBJreHa Ha a:ep6afi4xaHcKoM, pyccKoM u asrtuit-cKoM ,l3btKax. Pasuonrauogsre crarbx 3fipy3a MaMeAoga o co-6ururx (c nepaurx 4uefi), [policxoanrlHx a Cyuranre, 6sr,rxony6,ruxoaausr B aBTopr.rrerHhrx ra3erax H xypHzrnax roro Bpe-lreua. O.quoapelreHHo oH rry6oxo pa:.qyuuBan HaA TeM, qroHacrana nopa narb noJrHTHqecxylo oueHKy Cyuraurcrnu co6r,r-rnru. C:roi llerbro aM 6stnlr ganncassr cueHap[H no,'rHoMer-poxHor o rf lr,rrua .,)xo Cyr',tranra". nrr ncepxfiHoro .[oKyveH-TzrJr r,Horo Qu,rsua <3xo Cyuraura - 2>. 3ra ,4oKyMeHTurrrbHbre

fipoH3BeneHHJr, HarrHcaHHbre ueHorc HanpflxeHHoro TpyAaJ cbrf-parcT 3HaqHTenLHyrc po,'rb B pa3o6[aqeH].tH apMflH H Hx rroKpo-

BHTenefi 3a rpaHaqeli, flpoaoaflutl{x nonHTHKy reHounAa a3ep-

6afi,qxaHcnoro Hapoaa, B pacKpbITHI.i Hx rIoaJIHHHoro nnua ne-

pea HapoaaMn MHpa. KaK npeaarene . KHnra 6yAer nuers6o,rsuroe jHaqeHhe u a,rr 6yayullx noxo.nexufi

Xorr 3.Maueaosy 6rr.no He JIerKo, c roqKH 3peHr.r, u

BpeMeHH n repfleHHr, Bo BpeM, rcc.ne.qoaauufi, npoAonxnTenb-

HLIX IIOIiCKOB, a TaKXe BCTpeq C OTAe'IbHEIMH JIIOA['MI'I' B TOM

qHc,le c (rlaTpxoraMl'l) B KaBblqKax apultlcxoi HauHoHa,lb-

HOCTH, HO OH C yCneXoM cnpaBl{nc, c 3THM TpyAHbIM H OTBST-

crBeHHbIM aeJIoM. H c atrcoro ueHro sro.KHura noc.nyxar HaIxeMy Hapoay B aeJre aoKa3areJrbcrBa

c8oefi npaBorbl llepea MHpoBo o6ulecrseHxocrsrc' B:rou yc-

nex aBTopa.

Aeet Mm.uyd ,tletredoz

23

Ilonzrzxa nepecrpofiKr.r B crpaHe (n npocr-paacrse CCCP) s 1985 ro4y or-Kpbrna rna3a MHotHM HapOAaM.

Hapog co Bce[ orKpbrrocrbro yB]uen Harrre NcKaxeHHoe BqeparHatrte npo[noe. KopeuHsrlr o6pa:ou ulueuu,rocb orHorreHae K

HAEOJ'IOfHH H J]X],II'M, KOTOPbIM MbI BCPHNI{. NCPC! KOTOPbIMI-I

npeKnoHqntlcb. Crpelrare,rsao pa3BHBanHcb o6ruecrgenHo-noirhrntlecKue npoueccbr B crpaHe. [euorparu'recrue cnlsr,cpeAcrBa Maccoeofi uHt[opvarluN npen[pHHHMiulH pe3KHe araKHnporxa Kovuynllcrnqecrofi llapruw, rpe6oaa,rx nHKBHIHpo-gar6 6e:aecre,'Ir,uocrr, :acrofi, KoHcepBart13M, BcrqecKHe orpa-HHqeHHr r{ Ar.rcKpHMHHaua}o. floacoqy B crpaHe sa6lroAa,rocrpacxox,IleHUe Bo 83t'tr.qax. Yge,rxqHsanocl qHcJro MHTHHfoBbtxrtoJIHTLIXoB. Bce rpurnrcyrcr, rarcT coBer6r, .lncro xe,rtoAe[.xeratoulxx pa6orarl, yMeHbuitlocb. CrpaHa nocreneHHo npu-xo.4ura I ;naaox. IleHrpsr anocrpaxuoi pa3BerKH. HHcrHryTbt.r(oHrpeccMeHbl noA 3aBeco rroMoqH pa3Br.jTl.. o aeMoKpaTHlt B

crpaHe Coaeros yMeno nperBoprnH B xH3Hb cBor.r ArzBepcHoH-Hrre QyHrquu. Onu 6epyr floa cBo]o 3arqury orAeJrbHLrx AeMo-xparoe, {uuaucnpyror, HHcrpyKrr.{py}or, rrpr ueo6xolrluocrrlAaxe rroKynaor l.rJrH loAKyrraror r.rx. !,rr yxpen,reHxs csoefipa:pyurrre,rrHofi rro3HuHr., peaJ,rbHr,rM Bapr{aHToM 6rr,rla Hauao-Hit-'rL,Hl,re orHoflreHHr. Cenulre epaxlsl B crpaHe Coaerot, npeg-craerstoulei HTepecbr coreH HauHoH:L,rbHocre l HaponoB.cnyxHno 6rr npnvlruoii 6o,rsrurx 6ecnoprgxoa.

Tarue uaccoasre 6ecloprAKr4 npo[r3oluJlH noc,re o6r,.qs-

,reuar nepecrpoiKlr. Co6urrri,{ g Alua-Are a 1986 rogy, s Cyrv-raure e 1988 ro4y, n T6N,rucu B 1989 roAy, n Earcy n 1990 rogy,B Brnblrtoce e l99l roay npou3Benh KopeHHbre H3MeHeHH, B

HauHoHarbHoM caMoco3HaHHr.r llrcaeii. Yclr,rn,racb HeHaBHcrr, KCCCP u pyr<osolurenn\r ueul'pa. Ha uuruurax, [poBoaHMhrx B

orle,rhHbrx pecny6rarax, oSr,rBncnH o Bhrxoae H3 cocraBaCCCP. Apurue, raKrxqHo HcnonrJy, c,roxltBrreecs [onoxe-HHe, o6r,qBr4nh BceMy MHpy o BbIAyMaHHo npo6,reue Haropxo-

24

ro Kapa6a-\a. Kar ltcropxvecrui ulaHc, oHl'l xore,rlH I'tcno,lb3o-

Barb [epecrpofiKy, Ho npocquTanhcu. Apulucroe ,ro66a :a py-

6exoNr ssraerl,Lro 6o.nuuue cpeAcrBa aJL cBol'lx cooreqecrBeH-

xuxoa. He 6peryr rpr:uut'rr-r cpeacrBaMu, oHl, o6lgerslor re-HoqHA apMrH B CyMla[Te. Teu caurtt't, co3,uaBac o6pa3 Bpara B

nj/.\e a3ep6afi I.j/xaHUeB, oHH craparcTc, rIpeAcraBHTb a:ep6afi -

Axaucxufi Hapoa Bcef uuporofi o6ruecrBeHHocru rax uafiryronoBope3oB H Pa36ofiHHKoB. Paryueercr, se.nuls 6r,llo tuon-qarb fiph raKor Hecflpaaeanusofi lr 6e:xparcraenuofi arpe, a6o

Cyuraur 6srl recno caqgaH c co6ttruslrau a Haropuon Kapa6a-

xe. KopnN xe Kapa6axcKo npo6.leust secsrla rny6oxl. Apua-He, npereHAyrcune Ha a3ep6aE.qxaHcKne 3eMJII't, HeoaHoKparHo

tlOAHhM{lJIu 3TOT BOnpOC H Ha OTAeJIbHLIX gTanax HCTOpI{H AO-

luaatuct csoero- flpexge qeM aH:uIH3HpoBarb CyMra[TcKHe

co6brrnr, He IUIoxo 6u,ro 6r,t c4enart ue6o,rsuroft axcrypc s nc-

TopHlo Bo3HHKHoseHnr Haropuoro Kapa6axa. Betyc;tolHo, oal+t

H3 ero rcroqHHKoB npnBeaer K poaHoMy ropogy Cyuranr, x ero

$eapalrcroi rparegur.

t*t

HegosvoxHo oaepxarb no6eay HaA Hcropl{ei. B oraell-Hbre flepuoabl, oT,qeflbHble r[IqHocTH xoTeaH 0a,'ILcnoHuHpo-Barb Hcropnto. Ho xoporxa 6stla xtgHu HacHJIbcrBeHHhIx aaB-

,1eHHfi- BpeM,I, co3HaHI,Ie Bbrpa3I{nH cBoe peanbHoe lr o6lexr}rs-HOe OTHOrrreHHe K KiDKAOMy OTAenEHOMy CO6EITHIO. CaUa CSOe-

BpeMeHHaq ouexra co6slT}rc 'rpe6oBana cMeflocrH. Hcropnve-

cKrle xe,'lHtrHocrH TorAa noAHHMatorc, Ha nae,qecraJl noqera,

Koraa He xeflator KJIacrb 3annary Ha pean;Hble co6ulrrn. Ho, t<

coxaneHHK), TaKHe rhqHocTH B HcTopHll BCTperIa}oTc, peaKo.' Canar 6o,qruaq ours6xa N nopzuxeHxe apMrH B ToM, qro

oHu crporr iraquoxarrHyto HAeoJIorHrc Ha ocHoBe SaltcrQu-KauHH H x;reBerbt. B pe3yrbTare raKofi HAeonorltt oHI{, KaK Ha-

UHc, TepflrcT ceofi aaroprrret H yBar(eHHe cpeAH MlrpoBof 06-

uIecrBeHHocTH. LI6o runponar o6qecrBeHHocrb He npHHllMaer

nxr.rBylo HAeonoflrlo. caM6li xe cepse:ustI HeAocraroK B ToM,qro apMcHe BcerAa cKpbrBzurH noanHHHylo cytuHocrb co6blTHi,acropnuecxux QaKToB or apMrHcKoro Hapoaa.

25

IIr ucropun H3BecrHo, qro apMqHe flBJ'rrIJrHcb lrHurre-cxofi rpynnofr, nepecenuBlreficq ll3 llpaHa a Kapa6ax. B1805 roqy apxlefl]rcKon apMqHcxofi qeprcar o6parr,rcr crIUcbMoM x l{uurauoay, rAe oH yxa3hrBaq Ha HecrrpaBeAn[-BOe IrpecneaoBaHHe rr aaBJreHue apMflH, rrpocIIn pa3perrreHrrflHa }tx pacceneHrre g E,lulasernoJre u IIpeaane.

flocle oroHqann, Bo Hbr Mexly TypuHeft H PoccHefi a

1877 -79 rc. xa.lanc.q noabrE rroroK apMqH ua Kaaras.B Kapcxyro o6nacrr 6rr,ro flepeceneHo 50 rr,lc. aprulH. I,l:

I rulu. 300 Tbrcrq apMqH, xHByrrlux na Kasra:e s :ru rogrr. InrlH. 6trrlt nepeceneHuaMH. B caegeuuH, orrrpaBneHHoM IIaprcreHepanoM Lflepeuerreasrv s 1896 ro4y, coo6ula,rocr, qro xaKaeraae rpoxaaaer 900 ruc. apnrH. B 1908 roly r.{x qHcrro

aocrHrJro I ru,rn. 300 rsrc. Boo6ue, vro6sr y:uarr q cno nepe-ceJreHHr,rx Ha KaBKa3:a 13 ,rer (1896-1908), AocraroeHo B3rJ.rr-

Hyrr, Ha Hr{xecrre.qytouyrc Ta6nHuy.

I . Apv.rue2. Ilo,rqrH3. tlexn

4. Jlarul;ln5. Mo,raasaHe6. f perrl7. Eepera

8.3crosqsr9. Aficopu (accupufiqsr)

luu,r,qlroHt'7.264204t456127248204330890524t5028

3rH qNQpsr orHocrrcs rc 1897 roay.B l9l 7 rogy ara qraSpa aocrhrna 6 [aN:rlsoxoe 3 I 8 rsr-

cq\.3a i.r'z ro4sr na Kasra: 6sr,ro nepecereuo Ao 25o% o6ueroqHCJIa HacefleHHc.

Teu caulnt pyccKa, l.rMnepH, npoAonxaer cBoro KoJtoHH-

:rnbHyro [onHTHKy, ycraHaBnr.{Ba, Ha Kasrcate cBor noprAKH.lpa$ BopoHqos He aaBiur pa3peueHHrr MecrHoMy HaceJreHrro

craBHTb rpaHuubr Ha 3eMJrrx nepeceneHueB. 3ro npuso4lrlo xHe3aKOHHOMy 3aXBary 3eMenb.

zo

**t

JIrcrrsas H nxqeMepHat [onurllKa apMrH He nPUHocHna

HM yBaxeHHr. 14 ouu cauu xopotllo rIoHI.rMilJIn:ro t{ro6ut na-

npaBHTb npoBoaHMyo nonHTuKy a o6uee pyc.ro. seo6xoaNt'lo

6ur,ro co:,la.ru HoBylo oPraHh3auxro. Co:,qasne naprnr .{aur-HaKuortoH s roHqe XIX BeKa ,Bu,qocb pe3ynbraroM l.rMeHHo

erofi seo6xo,[t.rt'rocru. B uaqa-ne XX aexa 3Ta naprus aKTHBn3H-

poBana cBoro aerreJrbHocrb. f[oc,'re a:ep6afi1xaHo-apMrHcKHx

cror'rKHoBeHH[ a 1905 rogy apMrHe, eue 6onee arrtreno pa6o-

Tac. yMeno Hcnonb3oB:IrH TeppopHcrllqecKHe aKTbl.

B uaqa,re BeKa aa[uHaKH ua Kagrca3e 6ut,1a peBonrcuHoHHo

HacrpoeHbr. C)HH nocrorHHo Bt'IHaIIJHBaiII.i llael.l o cBepxeHHH

MeCTHOTO [paBHTeabcTBa Ha MecTax npoxt{BaHH, Ll co3,.aHulj

ceoeI co6crgeHHo[ Apu.rucroi,{evorparnvecrofi Pecrry6,rn-

xu. fur rroro 6st,rlt couaHst pa3nflqHble xovlrterul. gqeixH.

Tax, n Eaxy 6sr.r corgax <<Bocrcananaa>>, s T6xJHcH - <<Bercx

urexep> (<,rBo.nsuro[ ropo4>), <<Mege Kavan>, s Baryuu -<<IlusaraHxxcn>, e Kapce - <<,{unpaneo>, n llpeeaue <<Mnp-

KacraH>>! o A,rexcangpono,re <<Kap>>, s IIIyure <<Anapal>> u

ap. Bce 3Th KoMurerbr noAqxHIJIHcb <Btopo BocrovHoe>, pa:-

MerueHHoe a TaSnuce.flaprar utte.na cepbe3Hyto $nxaucoeyro cncreuy Tax,

raxarrfi qlex naprun 6st,r o6r:aH nepeuac,trrs s 6ro.qxer nap-

ry,u 2%o exeuecsvHo :aprurarlt. C6op T aexcxux B3HocoB Ha-

xorHnc, noa crpoxafiurnr't KoHTporeM. Be:yc,rosHo, 6toaxernapTrlH rtoflonHflJlcl He TOJIbKO 3a CqeT qneHcKux ggHocos. B

$oHa naprnu nepeqncfltnHcL cpeacrBa, nonyqeHHlle B pe3yrlb-

Tare orAeJlbHbtx lerunfi, xouueproB, c[eKTax,'Ief , norepeiHLlxarp, 6,raroraopnreJlbHbtx Meponpngrufi . Cnleu 6un rorrrpolura.q naprrfiHrnt 6toAxerou. Tax, no cseAeHnrM 3a nepnoA c

orrr6pr )907 rona no 3l aera6ps 1908 roaa exeMecrqHbleqJreHcKHe gsHocst 6sult4 rIofauIeHLI MecrHbtMH c'lefiravH g gu-

xecneAyloueM noprAKe: <Capu> - 29 uaH. 90 ron, <Ercper> -

ll ruau. 12 xon., <Anapafi> - ll uax. 49 xon., <Mpaa> - 4 uaH.

l0 ron., <9aftp> - l 9 rraas. 50 xon., <<Kpar<> - 16 ruan. 99 ron ,

<3aipyrr> - 85 lran.35 ron. n t.a. To.lrxo exeMeccqHas npH-

6r,rrr, cocras,'rs,ra 926 Malar 85 rconeex. 893 ruaHara 2 ron. us:rofi cyvlrr,r 6u.ro uspacxoloaaHo Ha rrponaraHAucrcKyro pa-6ory.

***Ara4euux A.Aran6eKqH, Bbrcryna, nepeg apurHcroi

a,rkroE s flapnNe s 1987 roAy 3aMerHJl! qro cfleAyer orHrrr, yArep6afia;xana Haropusrfi Kapa6ax n nepe.qarf, Apuexuu. H3To, rlo ero MHeHHto, 6y,aer sno,rne raroHoMepHo, c 3KoHoMHqe-cKofi To'tK[ rpeanr. flpexae qeM aHzrnx3HpoBarr, H3BecrHoe 3a-,BJreHHe aKaAeMHKa, He nnoxo 6ruro 6rt o6parurbctr B rrpornrroe.B 1985 r. I-euepa,rrxufi ceKperap; IIKI{ICC M.C.fop6aveso6r,rsa,'r o nepecrpofiKe. lllupoxnnr pa3MaxoM B crpaHe npoBo-,4unacs pe$oplrsl.

Esr,ru yso,rexu pa6orHuxa flaeolrorHqecKoro $poHra r.r, s[epBylo oqepeAb, MHorHe pe/laKropbr cpe4cra uaccoaofi uH_

$opuaqut. Hx uecra 3aHrrMirnH par[KaJr6Hble cHr'Ibt! 3aBy&.lli-poBaHHbre AeMoKparnefi. flosghracr HAe, HoBoro Mr,rureHHc,ycx,'rHrocb.'crpeMneHHe K leMoKpa.ruu. O4Harco HauJJlHcr, n re,KTO I,ICnOJI63OBZIJI nepeCrpO ry H aeMoKpaTHIo B CBOHX rleJtflx.He ro,rrxo BHyrpeHHHe cnnLl, Ho t.j BHeluHHe cHrLI crapaJlucbBocfloJlb3ooarbc, An, ce6g 3Tr.tM [raHcoM. I4lreHuoM.C.fop6avea BcrqecKH rroAAepxuBzrrr 3TH cHJr6t, 3arrtau.tzt-rrpa3rHvHLre [o3HTrlBHLre H Heno3HTHBHsle crpeu,reuux. 3anagoto6pr.r lu4epa CCCP u oxa:srsan euy 6.nuxafiuyro noMorr-(b 8ocyutecrueHuu pe$opnr.

***ApurHe u r.rx sapy6exuoe ro66u, aocnorr:oBaBrxrlcb [e-

pecrpoftrofi, c uerblo opraHH3oBaTb npo6,reruy HaropHoro Ka-pa6axa xa IoJtxHoM ypoBHe, 3aAyMzrnH co3Aarb ,[oBonbHonpoqHyto nor [lrl.{'lecKyro a coqna,rrryxt 6a:y.

I-ocyaapcrseHnsre, o6rqecrreuHo-noJrHTHqecKHe Ae{TenHHaropuo-Kapa6axcrofi Agrosol.rtrofi O6lacru, a raxxe Apue-Hr.rlr qacTo nof,Bjr.,lroTc, cpeAH HapoAa, cTaparoTc, npeTBoplrTb B

xH3Hr, CBOTO npeCnoB)"Tyto noJlrrT[..rKy, cTpeMf,Tcf, H3MeHr,tTr,

h,qeoJrorulo lroae . B KaqecrBe rrplMepa [prrBeAeM HeKoro-

28

pLIe MOMeHTr,l ll3 BLICTyTIJTerlItq no llaqllolranbHoMy reJ'IeB[_

aeHfirc ApMeHHH KaraJrlrKo3a Apunucxoii fplroplucxoiiuepxnu Barreua 25 r[enpa,rr 1988 roaa:

<<Cqnraro lplcoe,qnHeule Haropxoro Kapa6axa xApuexulr BnoJIHe SaKoHHbIM! ecrecrBeHHblM lI coorBercr-BymrurrM Koncrnryuux... B rrn ann fl flonyqaro MHoro rr[-ceM or Hal[lrx rapy6exnslx uepnoBHr'lx oprannraunf,' Ouu

3BoHqr MHe H flpocqr! qro6bt c o6paru,rcr n CosercxonynpaBnTenbcTBy c uerr'ro c]IpaBeaJrHBoro peureHnfl BoIIpOCa

Haropnoro Kapa6axa Ha ocHoBe Koucruryunx CosercxoroCoo:a n perneHnfl coBera HapoaHr'Ix aellyraroB Haropxo-Kepa6axcrofi ABToHoMHof, O6lacru. Yqurulsac frfl 3arB-

reHur, q ornpaBl{,'I TeJIerpaMMy HaIIreMy ynaxaeuouy Mn-xau.ny fop6avesy c npocs6ofi, qro6sI oH rloMor pelneHflIt)

Botrpoca B no,rb3y apMsHcroro Haceneulc Haropuo-Kapa6axcxoii AsroHon Ho[ O6,racrn (HKAO)... Yneprro

Bac, qro nonpoc Haropno-Kapa6axcroii AsroxoMHofi 06-.nacrn 6yaer perrrer B Mocrne, Ha ocHoBe npan uauuf, na

caMoorrpeaeJrexfle s CCCP.., Bo xrrrn peurexnc Boflpoca B

Haury [onr,3y' Mr,I AOnXHbl Cnorofino, yMHo H TepneJruBo

xaarb r(oHIIa 3TOrO .[ena.B raxoe onacHoe BpeMc MbI AoJrxH bt rlpareMoHcrp[-

poBarb, B rIoJlHoM cMblcJr€ cnoBa! rloanrrHHoe cnoroiicrgHe u

aanbHoBuaHocrb, 6epe'rs, KaK 3eH lry oxa apunno-arep6a[-

axancnoe 6parcrno c uenbro HeaoflyureH[q n Apuennn uA3ep6af,AxaHe Ha[HoHaJbHofi pouu. Eyasre cnorofinu,TaKoBa Bors H apMrH 3a py6e)I(oM' xenarc[l[x Bcqqecx[

rroMoqh BaM B perxeHlttr Bonpoca Haropuo-Kapa6axcrofiAsronoltaofi o6nacrn. B npornnnou cryqae MbI norepnuM

nopaxeHlle. Hanra ue.ns He npenqrcrBoBars cso[]uH aeficr-BHcMH c[paBeArrrBocrn' a ao6nrscs rro6eabl.'. Byasre ocro-

poxHbI, IlplrcJlyruafirecs K MoIIM IIpH3rtIBaM H oruoBcrlrM

HacraBreu flM. Kax narpnapx Bcero apMflHcrtoro Hapora' c

c qyBcTBOM Be,'IHKOH nepea cnoefi Poau-

nof, n naqnefi o6paualocb K BaM or IrMeHrr cBflToro Esaure-

,rug, Bor c gaM[)).

29

26 $esparr 1988 roaa rro3recca Culraa Kanyrnr.an aur_cryn[na [o HauHoHarbHor\.ry reneBHAeHHrc Apueuun. O6paura_,cb K cBoeMy uapo4y, Cu,rrea cxa3afla, qro no3aBr{epa g Mocraeueu.r n 3opu Ea,ra.rua npnHr.l ceKpsrapb I_IKKIICC A.H.ixoa_,reB, a Bqepa - M.C.fop6avee. Msr craganu ,lM, qro B HayaJreBeKa B pe3yrbrare HauHoHarxcrHqecxoii nonuruxu CrannuaHaropxufi Kapa6ax 6u.l nepeaau A:ep6aE1xany. Htrxe ouru6-Ka, AonyrueHHa, B acroprlg, aonxsa 6srrs xcnpaeleua. Muqacro npox3HocHru c,roao HaropHlrfi Kapa6ax. fop6aver salre_Tr..rJr! Lrro B ApeBHeM Kapa6ax Ha3brBztflc, <Apuaxou>. IZx srorocraHoBHTc, ,cao! qro fop6avea xoporxo 3Haer He ronbKo pe-zrJrbHoe nofloxeHHe, Ho r,r ucroprrro Kapa6axa. 9ro6sr 4oxa:arscBolo npeAaHHoct fop6aveay, Mbt cKa:)alrr,r eMy, t{To HaceJreHHeHaropHo-Kapa6axcxofi AsroHor,,tHofi O6lacu noAAepxfiBaernonr-rrrKy nepecrpoExx. HaaNqne ero fiopl?eroB Bo BpeM, npo_BOIHMbIX MHTI.THIOB Ha nnorlalH cayxHT aoKzBaTe,,.tbcTBoM.nro6sh x neuy. fop6a,ree orMerHJI, qro B crpaHe HaKontlrc, qe-nbrii pr.q HaunoHzllrr,Hbrx npo6,reu, Koropbte BcKope aonxHbr6srrr peureulr Ha n;reHyMe I_{eurpa-lruoro Kouurera u Harop-uo-Kapa6axcrar AsroHolrxac o6lacrs 6yger nor ero nocro.sH-Hr,rM KOHTpOJTeM.

Mrr ssrpaauln eMy cBoro 6,raroAapuocru :a npreu. pyro-BoaHTenb cavoro 60,'rturoro rocyAapcTBa r uupe o6uvao yae-nrer npe3rrAeHTau crpau 10-15 MHHyr BpeMeHH, a c HaMH oH6eceaosa,'r B TeqeHHe qaca.

O6pautagcu B cBoeM BbrcrytrJreHr,rg Ko BceN4y apMflHcKoMyHaceneHllo, K Monorexfi, Crl.lrra Kanyrrxru crataaa, qro Ka-pa6ax ucropu'recKn npHHaA;rexzur ApueHnx. OcHosHa.s HauaueJlb He I rolt, .t,l.o6sr coe,qHHHTb o6e reulri, a a tou, vro6u u:-neql.rrb paHbr, HaHeceHHbte xau ucropuefi. I4croplvecxar ue_cnpaBegnBocrb lolxHa 6rrrs BoccraHoBJreHa. Haur gapoA ne-pexuBaer 6olrruyro rparc,4Hro, Ho, HecMorpc Ha 3ro, He reprrercBoro MyApocrb. Mrr go,rxnrr nporBHTb MyApocrb B aeJre oKa-3aHufl noMou1r fop6aueay. H6o c.lnurrcov MHoro [porrrBHHKoBnepec'rpofixu, aeMoKparuri! Bbrcryna.s c err.tHofo r[poHra, oHrMofyr Hapyur.rrb Halrrx n)'IaHLr. floerouy aceur uepauu aeo6_xoar{Mo noMoqb eMy H BepHyTb r4cTopr{qecKHe 3eMJrrr.

30

***B noarorogxe r,t rIperBopeHHH e xuruu ClltlanrcKux co-

6srrui 6sr,ra pyKa apMrHcKxx HauaoHzL'lHcroB H Hx MocKoBcKl.lx.

HHocrpaHHbrx noxpoaare,le . flpo,rarar xpoas a Cyvrarre. oHa

xore,lr.r pacrpy6NTb Ha Becb MHp. ero arep6aii,axauuul npenrr'crByror MHpHoMy rIpoxHBaHHto apuru. SnrnuecxH H HpaBcr-

BeHHo yHrqroxaror ax. HaxaHyue co6strufi apvrue B MaccoBoM

nopraKe noKh,Ila,rN Cyvraur. Bt|HHMaJIH neHbrll H3 c6epera-

Te,lbHt lX KaCC-

]rr.qeficrgxr apltrH 6ut,ru orvetteHbl B HHrepeeHt]i aHa-

ruruqecxoI crarse noroiHoro aKaAeMHKa 3.EyHslAoaa nol Ha-

:gasseu <<f]oqeuy Cyuraltr?>. I4HrepeceH $axr- raxull o6pa-

3ov B rrri trHH Ha )-tl.iuax Cluraura pa3l).lHBas co eBoeE Bu-

aeoKaMepoi Aprauec l-a6puanrx, nprexasurufi H3 [IlBeuHH?

3navur, CyuraurcKue co6btrxc 6stlr rapaHee 3annaHHpoBaHbl

<<Hapoaxar rasera)) (<<Xanr rerern>>) or 28 cenrr6pr 1989

roAa nrrcaJra: Apunnnx rIo HalrrloHa,'Ir,Hocru, Apraurec fa6-p[frqH raK Ha3Bar'I CO66IT[C, Cllfrble Ha neHTy: <Cnacure

Hac or ro,'IoBope3oBD. O[,'Ib]t 6tt,r npe4nalnav€H a-qs ap-

MCHCKIiX IIeHTpOB'.qeIcTByIoulHx B Sapy6exHbIx cTpaHax'

flcso, rarue uenu npecneaoBan $n.nrna. currsril [-a6pn-

3nrHoM. KaK 6uuro yraraHo Bblue. qro6bl rlpeacraBHTb BceMy

Mxpy A3ep6aftaxaH, ,Bep6afaxaHcrn uapo.l, KaK uafiKy Kpo-

BonHfiu. flocne Bcex 3rnx co6LlrHil Haqaflacb 6o,rsuar npona-

TaHAHCTCKa' KOMnaHUt.

HoBr,rf (reHoua.[), Ha[pa8,'IeHHbrii nporgB apNlsH Hau]eJI

cBoe Mecro H Ha crpaH[uax rapy6eNuoii neuaru. f,raaHutiri pe-

.rIaKTop apMfl HcKoii pe,taxuar palaocraHunH <Aralrstr> 1)1y-

ap,[ OraHecflH BbrJle3ar H3 KoxH Bo Bpe\1, rrltx co6utrui. npe:-craBJrrfl cyMfaHTcKHfi ((feHoul4a) KaK HeBH.[aHHytO B I,lCTOplrH

qefloBelrecraa aruao. ouu 3axRllfl v, tlro KonHqecTBo yl\lepurHx

6urao xe 32, a 500. CrpetrurersHo pacflpocrpaHrnxcb Jlox(b,

K,'teBera. B Epeeaxe cpovno 6ruIa l,lgrasa H pacflpocrpaHeHa rto

Bcei c'rpaHe KHHra rloa Ha3BaHheM (CyMfaHTcKHi reHourr,q.

TJIaCHOCTt')).

31

<[lpacda>. I tapmu ]988 zoda.l-pynna xytuzaruta opzaHujo\aTa 1ecnopnoxu s ?opode

()y.vzaume. Ewlttt ctyuau 6ecyuncmca u Hactaut. B ryetnx xop-,uatu3aquu Jft:tBHu a zopode, aoccmanoeteuun ducqunnuuw uoOulecmeeuuott nopndxa Sutu npuHnmbt,vepbt. Ctedcmcer mtteop,:a t t u npoa oinm u<:cte d oao met tcxue jtepon puumun.

B Hoqt c 28 aa 29 Qespa-nr s Cyuraure 6sr,ra npo.nuraKpoBb. I Mapra e CyuraNre 6rr,r o6r,gs,reu rcoueuaaurcrcui vac.feuepa,r-.lefirenaur Muuncrepcrsa 06opousr CCCp B.B.Kpaea6st,r Ha:aa.{eH KoMeHAaHToM Cynr am.a.

***B CylrraHrcrrx co6brrarx apM{He cLrrpar,lH oco6yto

polt. O4xaro oHH Bbtcryfla:ll B 3THx co6brrafix B Kaqecrae HH_crpyMeHTa. Bo:uoxHo, oHH He raK my6oKo noHuMa,'rH 3To, no_ToMy qro r.rgeo,roravecrn rrcHxo3, roAaMH axeapreusrfi ap_M.flHCKI]MH HAeOJTOfaMH! OTpaBIrn ax co3HaHHe. Kaxgrtfi ap[{r_HHH aonxeH 6tr,r 6strs HacrorulHM rrarpHoroM Bo l.rM, BenHKoEApueuuu. Heaashct.lvo or Mecra, rrpocrpaHcrBa, HacJIeAHr! pe_,rnrnr xaxgufi apMrHHH Ha aene AonxeH 6sr,r aol<asarr cgoinarpxorrr3M. B :ror nepno4 u Cyuraure 4eficrBoBa;rH OHnnanblKapa6axcxoro KoMHTera. MoxHo cra:arl, qro Bo Bcex KpynHbrxnpernpnrrrrrx 6rr,rN co:aasur raxne $lr,rna,rsr. CeoeapeneuHoco6apa,rncr qJreHcKHe e:uocst. Cyvwa s:Hoca cocraB,,lrJra l0[4aHar, flpur]eM 3To 3aBHceJIo or gornroxgocrefi Kalr(Iofo.

C,rerogare,rr cneAcrBeHHof rpynnsr feHepa,rsxofi npo_Kyparypbr CCCP, yrparirieu fplroplrfi Korexro roBopHn B cBo_efi 6ece1e:

- ,[o Cy.vzauntcxur coSumuit e cansu c Kapo1axcxo.i npo-6texoi uepes dena a RapaSax, a ommyda r: Epeaau nocmyn[uauur)opuo4un o peaK4uu MecmHozo HaceleHun a .yupecri)exuLx uop?aHu3dqunx. Rmo docmaetm uu emy unQtop_ua4un? Asep-6audtrun4or? Hem. Pyccxue'? Ha ,!mo uu snto uytrcuo 6arto?Ko e,luo ap,MflHe, mo\Hee opMtHcKue decytuxu. A eo znaee uxcmouiru )reHt4utq no uveHu Cmetin. Bcn uur)opua4un doc-mollflJncb eit, a ma.6 c,soto o\cpeob, \epeJ ap.unHcKtlx centu-cmoc, pa6omaxxtlux e omdetar cemu, nepedaauta emy unfuop-

32

l.

.ua4un 1-Cnenauaxepnt u Epaeun. 1tr nruxue yc_,r1,,,u C,mettu rut-tyuana 6o,:tt utoi ,,orropctSt. Cpedcm,tq sbbetewb,ra eit, ouu de_,rtr__to Me)rdy OeswKu_r.tu. lloc:te ycnrutocteuun ros,tettdttumcxotouaca eoeuuate y(tptLtu Cnteltv ul ('.y.ttzuumct u nld uctle3.tu (J He_lBcecmHo.u rnnpoore uu. Cua,lala.ubl xome.ut ombrcKanb eec.tedu, xo u3.-]d Ao:tbtaou sozpy)ttettuocmu a pa6onte :ttt .tadt utuo Cme-t.le. C:edyem omyemumb, qmo Cnte:L,tu 3(lHuuLutctcb uernotaxo c6opo.u uuQop;ttu4uu. B C1,.u:aunc oHq utrcrta HecKo16,_xo ny6luuuou iadedeHui. Ku:tcdt ti rseuep l5_25_tcntue uplrtrit_cxue iecyruxu npuHtluuttu puj:tu.!Hbtx KtuelLtoe.

- 0r:! u3 Hux. Houpu tar donpocuttr. IIo ee ctocav, ortu

6outuct (lmeuty, nomo y ttmo oHe y?poJt(tto uv, ycmpuuun.uutu4ue . H{euu1uuc. nHuvaeutaitcg nulurtu .,pn3Hbt.r;u or tu_.uu, HtrKmo ue detat sctue\auui. Mrutzue c Cy.viaume yrutu o6)nto,l, Ho npedno\umatu _uo.t,tonru. K no:ry ctte. no poJ?ocofaucmato tcHo, ,tnto Cnte a runasyentca 1o,tuurtut aamopumemojv.B xaxoe 6u yupe)tdeHue oHa u'e xodttn,

"n ,purrrrr[ru ,-p,uio_

cmbo. OdHaM ctoeo.u, iuo_todarc nup u u desyutKu tEpa;u no_cpednutecxyn po:tb yemdy npaenulei cltoi u Rop;6oxcKtwKO.UUmemo.u.

Kax mon xo 6o3HuKata npo6jte,ua, otlt ;vo,ueHmartbHopu3peru tdcb. Ec:tu eodumett, nepco?o ccKpemapn Cynzaum-cKo..o Ko.Munema napmuu u ceKpemoprua ?opoocKoit npoKyp7_mypbt Ho.ttlluch.Tu\Ltuu ctp.uzHcKOit ttOtptottu. ruux,mu, mo o.19donoluume.tuuo.,o po3bnctrc ufl uem ueodtoduvocnru

,,{a, u caoaax Korexrosa ecrb npaBAa. <Kapa6axcrui ro_MHTeT) nOCpeacTBoM TaKHX, Xar Cre,t,ra, cMof oTpefynHpoBaTbcBoto Aerrenl,Hocrr a Cyuraure. Kar 6sl oult He crap:ulHcs co_BepueHHo ceKperHo rrpoBonuTb cBoH rp,l3HLte lena, CyMtaHT_cKHe co6brrH, c6pocHnH vacKy c l..ix nHua. O,4HaKo. ar.iy"., or-Merurb H Tor $aKT, rlro 06 3ToM 6sr,ro ony6,rrxoeaHo B neqarH.

Bo,rrrtlt-lHcrso aplrrH, y6rrsrx u pa3rpa6lreHHbrx Bo BpeMflCyuranrcrcux co6r,rrfi, 6srln re, Kro orra3alrc, corpyAHHqarhc (Kapa6axcKaM KoMHTeroM)). HueuHo our na,ru xepraofi ap-ura n Cyuraure.

9,reusr <Kapa6axcKoro KoMHTera) 3a aBa r\4ecrua Ao co-6uttnq g NraccosoM nopraKe cra"rrh BbrHaMarb geurrl co c6epe-tarenr,Hbrx xacc. 9ro 3acraBHr,lo rx cAenarb 3To?,rllo^qr{. ronaMu

a.r

- npHHaAnexHocru H TexHHKa cBs3t[ - 15917 KoMrrr,leKToBcBr3l4 H 41003 Kr.jjroMeTpa rroreBoro Ka6enr...

Taxar ueo6yrlauHocrb, BoopyxeHlre apurncxofi apulrlcoBrraaaK)T co BpeMeHeM pa6oru llar,ra fpaveaa e Ao;rxHoct.tMHH14crpa o6opoHsr. pa6orrr Mnxan,ra Ko,recHlrxosa a aoflxHo_crH Ha.ta.JrbHHKa l eHu.ra6a. pox,rau yaepex, vro <pa6ora> 6sr,raxpeTBopeHa n xr.13Hb rroa HenocpencTBeHHbtM pyKoBo,4cTBOM Hnpa yrac'rau o6oux.

Ta6,rnqa opylxuii, rr€3aKoHno npoqarusrx Apuenru4eHd (no cpedte xoNvepqecKiM 4eHau) Auepuiaucxttuu do,z_

.ttctpauu c ,trcap, 199 j rcda do nnaapn 1996 zoda

HarsaHrre Ko,ru'f ecrso O6ruaq ueuaPIJ OTR 8 1.680 000Qruq ZRK 27 8.100 000Paxertr ZRK 349 104.700 000Par<ersr "OSA" 40 8.000 000Taaxu T -'72 40 8.000 000BMP-2 50 14.000 000r22 MM-MK QD_30 36 r.812 000r52 MM-MK QD_l 18 900.000152 MM-MK QD-20 18 720.000"QRAD"

18 4.500 000MrHovetst 26 312.000"Llrr'a 40 1.600 000lpaHalouerll 20 50.000AsroNrar 306 t22.400A eroN,,ar 7910 942.200f[ ]t clo,l er' 1941 110.820Pa:l,1,tusre 6oenpHnacbr 489. 160 195.664 000EMP-2 6oenprznacsrJ0 41 880 14.354.400BM PQLIR 4 1.320 000Py,rro,e.pu,rarii-Il)nu ( palHble )

345 800 27.253 UJO221.253.000 27.253 000

Apy.r" u,rAo, olyrnnr- 270 270 000 000Uror, npr6rnznierii-1.000 000 000

38

B anpe,'re.,|997 rora ra3era <Filodelfiya inkuayrer>. u:ga-

BaeMa, B Huro-Hopxe. nuca,ta: <Eo,tsuroE no,tltrt4 'recrt{fi crau-

,nan. Bo3HHKtuI-ii s Mocrse B cBc3H c ceKperHbll\l orflpaBneHHeM

e ApueultN opyxH, Ha cyMMy B o,rHH MlinnHap,r rojlnapoB H

Aorue,qurufi ao 6eperos AltepnxN, att:sa,'r 6ypuyto peaKuuto '

...3ro co6urue orpaxaer Bce urtHoHcKHe 3r']eMeHTbl

TpHnnepa B nepuoa ((xo'lonHo Bo Hbl). oT,'IHqaeTcq oT Hee

ronbKo reM. t{To Mecro <xo:ro.{no[ BofrHbl) HblHe 3aHI-iMaer

6ops6a uex,ry Aueplxoii n Poccaei, fipoHcxo.il'luas 3a Mt'po-

BOe rocrloacTBo Ha,I HOBbIMI.] re$rrHtluu t'tctoqHarauu Ave-

pHKaHCKHe KOMIaHI1H B.]IOXHJ'IH Ml.jnnHapabl .fonnapoB B KOH-

"opury", uanepesaxlulr cr .qo6LIrb A3eP6a[.qxaHcxyrc He$ru'

Olxaro estxoa:ro HeQru Ha pblHor:aaucur or Ao6pstx Haue-

pennii Pocctlll...B Cyruranre cnexcrBHe npoaonxanocb Apvrucxar nevars

nolHcna ulMt{x) o roM. tlro qKo6lt crercrsNe a Cytlraltre se-

IeTC' HenpaBr,'lbHo I.t rlTo trpecTytlHxKll Cttpltearorcr' N r'I B

IjccneaoBaHhH c06blTuI s C.vt'lraare yqacTBoBanH OnbITHLle CJ]e-

,qoBaTer'IH, KpHMHHaJIl4cTbl, ncHxonorll MoNuo cxa:ars, lro ace

npuexanH rIO JTHHHI.I npoKyparypLl cccP B 3TH 'lHIl B fa3ere

<<Uru""t"rr, 6sl,ra ony6.T uronaHa 6eceAa c 3aMecrHTeneu fe-Hepiull,Horo [poKypopa CCCP A'@'Kar-vceBbIM' AneKcaHAp

or,runnoun, itrtiru", Cyuraurcxue co6slrns c co6r'Iruq-

uu n Haropuon Kapa6axe. On orueual, 'rro ltracconste 6ec-

lopqaKH',rir""urn"", 22 r[eepa'rr e Haropno-Kapa6axcxoii

AsronoruHo[ O6nacru, o6ocrpu'ru tro.lloxeHlIe a Cylrraure'

oAHollr s3 caMbtx KpyIIHr,lx npoMLlurneHlrblx UeHTpoB A3ep-

6afiaxana. Pe:y,rsrar H3BecreH' 32 noru6ulux' Br't.tro apecro-

aauo 94 noacrpexarerr H yqacruura' [a'ree oH npo'Donxaer:

pa3rnqHbre Bbl/lyr'IKH, cryxu BoKpyr Cyvraurcxoro re;la Nteua-

ror, npen,ITcr8ytor cr'leacrBHIo. Hanpxltep' pacnp,ocrpaHflJIllcb

ary*r, ,lo ro ,uaaouo,t 6ecnopuxoa a ropo'le rxo6lt cocraB'qc-

,rao anr"*, JIt-rU apMcHcKoi Haut4oHa'bHocrH I'rr ux $u:uve-

cKoro yHurtroxeHHq .fxo6st B p'lae fipeanpnsrltI cneuua'qsuo

n3rOTaBJrttBaJIHCb lr{eTaJInHqeCKLe np}'rb' H'qpyrHe fipe'llMeTbl'

pa6orHurctt y3noB c8r3l4 HaMepeHHo orKnoqaflI4 re'reSoHsl e

'*uuptrpu* apvrn 4,',, npoBepKr 3rrx H Apyrux no'fo6sstx c'ry-

xoB cjreaoBarejlu AonpocHnn usorax Nurele cyuraNra', pa6o-

39

er.lx lt coTpy,qHHKoB t]pelrrpHrTHii. xl.{r,lrruIHo_3KcnnyaTaur..toHHbrxKoHrop. y3roB cBr3a H ltpyrtx cnyxe6Hbtx orAelroB. Hn o4uo N::rux coo6ulesuii ne 6slro noAreepNAeHo. Ha axrx B c;rercrBeH_

ly* rpyrly [ocrynHno rrHcbMo xHreff ApueHaaf .E.Y,ry6a6rHa. K nlrcsuy oH rrpHnoxxJr H 3arBJ.reHHe rparraaHH_ua B.[-.fpr.roprHa, npoxHBanurero a Cyvnanre. B saqs,reHh,roBopr.rrc, o rn6e,ra ero 7r(eH;r H TpoHx Aerefi Bo BpeM, Macco_BLtx cro;rKHoBeHH[. B cas:]a c JTHM nonoxeHne,v 4 ao,rr l-pnro-pqH npe,qcTaBHrr cjreloBarero npoKyparypbt CCCp roqr_e_roqrHrxecreavroulee o6rqcHegne: <Msr gce: a, xeHa, cltH llaae,t r.qoqb EneHa xaBbt H 3AopoBhI. Y ueul Ht-txorga ge 6srlo curga noanreHn B,raaauup. -8rco6u xeHa r Aeru nory6,ru. .f Hurcoma. slr_rony o6 arov He roBopaJ,l a He 6sleal s Mocxse B cBr3r,r c 3THM.Konrlq larrg,'1exrl. HarIHcaHHofo or Moero HMeHI,t, MHe AocraBJIc-Ha. Oluaxo. rlolnucb Hc Moq. ,, noanuculgarccr ue rax. Bce yra_3aHHOe B 3arB,'leHuH - BbtnyMKI_r)).

***

_ B naae 1988 roaa 3aBepuranocb nepsoe cy4e6uoe 4e,ro.Ta,re HcuaN,roey :a y6N[creo 6rr,ro npncyN4euo l5 ,rer. flpeg_cTaBJ'lreM qHTaTenrM c HeKoropbrMH COKparIeHarMH CTaTbto,ony6luxosauuyro s ra3ere (BbruKa)), nor Ha3BaHHeM <flpoao_KaTOpbt H coy qa cTH l.{ K r.t ).

Ca$apoa Hnrauu Cylr6ar or.ny. po4r,rcr a 1962 rogy elrsoroletsoil celrse s Cynraare. B nepsoro 4ur ara4ar""n"o,,opraHaM fipencraaN,r Heo6xo4Nvsre noKa3aH , (cae4eHrr). BcyAe6uov flpouecce HecKorbKo pa3 H3Met{rn csot noxa:auHq. BoAHoM rr3 nora:auui n noc.negHa pa: coo6u1r.n, qro oKJreBerzurcaoux rosapnqeil! 3a acK,rrroeeHHeNr E.f paroplHa.

ManreAoa farrrl6 fa4tpurax or.ly. po,tr.ulct s 1967 ronvs ll]evare s cevse pa6overo. flocre oxtH,rar]J, cpeanefi ur-J_.nsr a Cynrraure nocryfla,r a npo(teccroua,,loro_ra*rrra"noa)qrrnHUle. B rHaape 1988 ro1a 6st,r 4elro6n,ra:o uun

^, uprr^,.

lloratauu.r, aaHHbre B xoae c,rel1cl.Bl.1.s l.{ Ha cyAe, MeHrJrHch He_cKonbxo pa3. To,rsro npa nocnerHeM noxa3aHliu orHocaTenbHoE.l-paroprua oH cxa3aJ,r npaBly.

40

I-yceinoa BaruQ Baxa6a,ru or.'ry. PorNLrcq e 1963 ro:ty

s ceuse pa6overo. Ha cyae orxajucr or tloKa3aHuX aaHllbl\ Bo

apeNlrl c,leacTB q-

HaAxaQon Aru,'r Axueaxau or,ry. Polurcr e 1963 roay'

PaHee 6sl,r cy.{uv. Ha cy,qe orKa3a,lcs or noxa:auufi, 'qaHHLIx Bo

BPeMfl cneacrBl4r.Inuaxannea 3nqrrH A,r[ or,'Ibl' Poanlcg a t965 roay'

C AercrBa crPaaall caxapHbltu ;rua6erot'l' no:xe:a6one'l ly6ep-

K)/ne3oM nerKux. fl.elsercs I.IHB;LTHAoNI eropofi rpynlst' O6eu-

Hrelrsti s yqacrlllt B MaccoBbl\ re\'loHcrpauasx' 6ut'r apecroaaH

22 ceart6pt 1988 roaa. Bo speur c'tre,lcrBl.{' 6sI:to ycrauor're-

HO. rrro oH yLlacrBoBar B cyMrat'ircKt x co6ltrHsx 28 Qeapa'rr

lg88 ro,qa. B orrr6pe 1989 rola cxoHqa,'lc' B xo.qe cyile6Horo

npouecca. (flo cst{aere,lscrBy roBapxueii no KaMepe - rIoKoH-

.rnn c co6oii).I,Icaee AQcap llc.rau or,ry. PoAuncs e 1962 roay n Cyru-

rarTe B MHoro.qerHoii cel{be. B 1985 rony ocyxreH 3a BopoBCT

ro. Hveer rpex M:LrlonerHl'lx llerei Bo BpeNl' cr'IejlcrBH' He-

cKo,lbKO pa3 AaBan pa3nHqHble floKa3aHufl' Ha cy'qe ocTaHoBHICq

Ha oaHoM t43 Hl.lx.

f pnropnu 3ayapa Po6eprosHq' Po.xl.l;Ics e '1959 roay s

Cyurauie e ierute pa6o'rero. ,(aa 6para ocyxAeHbl A cav rpu

oa3a, s 1916, l98l n 1982 rorax cl,qer Ha cKaMLe noacyanMblx'

lun ,p"r npecrynHHK 6lt,r ,rurueH cao6oatl cpoxoru Ha 9 'rer 2

necsua N l3 .lueii.14cno,rsure,rrttr cy\lraHTcKHx co6ltrnii pyKoBo;lln

rrreHHo fpuropru. On 6lt,'I caoeo6parHlrlt I'IHcrpyMeHToM B py-

Kax apMtHcKHX HaqHoHa,'IhcroB, BpauaouHxc' B BblctxHx Kpv-

rax. I pnropru MacrepcKn Bblllo'Hh'l nopyqeHHoe euy ae'ro B

TeqeHl.{e HecKolt,KHx AHef ou cmor co6pars aoxpyr ce6r:pe-

Jryto MonoAexb Pa'rAa,l ut't AeHbrH' HapxorHrlecK[e Beurec] Ba''' - -l4nr.p..ro,

orx)ta ) l-pnroprHa noA nces'qoHaMoM ([Ia-

Ua)) CTOllt'KO IeHeI A HapKOTt4qeCKHX BeIUeCTB' B TO BpeM''

*-ou on HHI're He pa6ora'r a Ber IIapa3HTHLlecKui o6par xl:-Hu? Ee:yc,rosuo. ero o6ecneqneanu apMcHcKl.le HauHoHaruc'rhl'

Ho <flauta> He cMor Ao KoHua cblrparb cBolo ponb B l'lou no:Ix-

tllqecxoii aruuu. Tax, tlocne KpoBonponllTl4g oH rorxeH ot'|fl

y6eNars r rev caMblM norepcrb cfle'[bl' a raKxe aoKa3arb' qro R

41

?r\)M ;tcjte uer pvKH apMrHcxHx HauaoHilJrhcroB. Ho oHu rrpo_c q HTaJ.t Hc h. B l_.ula Mo. L'Ie_To rlonycrx,l l_.t orurz6 r.ty. f pn ropl n no_naitc, a pyxH H oH BblHyxAeH 6r,r,r rlepNarr orBer rrepel cyAoM.Apu.rucroe ,ro66a e Apueualr. Mocxse nogrrro uryrn*y,o_xpyr I-pxroprHa. OHo rpe6oea,ro orHrrb ero y Asep6aiDKal_cKofo cyAa H nepeAaTr Poccna. Ho 3To 6brno HeBo3MoxHo.I-paroprn rorxeH 6sr,r oreerurs ga cBoH rrocrvnKr.r.

Apturucxue HauaoH:urHcrbt saee,qH N{oruHtIfi MexaHH3MarhlarlaH o fpuroprne. _8Ko6tr e Arep6afilxaue Ha Heto oKa_3btBaerc, llaBreHxe. K HeMv [pHMeHrrorcfl IIbtrKH. Ee3 coMHc_Hll{. BCe ITO 6tr,ro cn,rourHofi jtoxlro. 3a coBepueHHbre flpecTy_tr-reHX, I pnropru 6sr,r ocyxaeH BepxonHsrlr Cyao, nu i2 ,".,irHrlteHH, cBo6o.rlbr. Ho 6tuto rrp, ro pr uy, q en o Be Ky. y6,

",, :il1::"r";;:r:TX#:#XXffJ

My Hect(onbKo apMcHcKfix aeByuex, 6r,l,to nprcy44euo l2 ,rer?3a y6uilcreo oaHofo tier,toBeKa (aaxe a :ro no;rHocrbto He

6u,ro ycranos,teuo). Ta,re Hcvaa,roBa ocyAanr{ Ha l5 ,ler.B nepesrii par 6sr,r asrueceu cuepruui npHroaop. Ageo_

xarou'Ia,re 6sr,r c1,r,rrameq AneKcaH.Ip l4eaHoBr.rq l4saH,Jnros.I4r pa:r'oeopa c HuN, cra;ro rcHo. rl.l.o cyls6a Ta,1e MHorHx hH_repecoBana. xax a Arep6a[1](aHe, TaK a s Mocxee. Ha cya ucreACTBHe oKa3brBiurocb cnnbHoe IaBneHHe. B cgrst c STHt\,r rornpaBHrr s feHepa,rsuyr.o flpoKyparypy CCCp xaro6y H s xoH_ue HarIucaJI, qro ecJru 3TH AaBfleHlr.s 6y4yr npo4orNarLcr., or_xaNycs or pa6orsr.

Caua :aaere, KaK B 3Tor rrepxoa cpe.qcrBa uaccogofi uH_Sopvaura rHrepecoBarHcb n"pu",n ay.r"bn",, g.ro". Mol o;_xas cra, 6lr rlpH,]rrHofi 6o,ruuroro cKaHAaJra. J1o:xe lasaeHHlHecfttio,,rhKo 3aruxJtu. CueprnurE rtpnroBop 6sr,r :aueueH ]5 ro_AaMll nHtrreHr.l, ceo6onsr.

C nouoqlro MocKoBcKHx noKpoBHTenefi apMrucxlre Ha_qaoua,rncrsr lo6rnlrcb [repeBoAa fpNrop.rHa uz Arcp6a pxanaI Poccuro. ( Boe Haka3aHhe oH Hec B ropoAe EyneHoBcxe Craa_pononbcxoi o6,racrr.

42

FOREWORD

There are few people who do anything to inlbrrn thc

world public and iniernitional organization of the bloodyevcnts happened in Sumgayit in Fchruary 1988 Eyruz

Mammadov? The journalist has donc a lot invcstigating the

Sumgayit events and revealing the activity ol the Armeniar.t

ter.oiiit o.ganirations. He invcstigated the esscnc-e ol those

events in detail and basing upon his observations he wrotc a

documentary journalistic book ''At night lrom 28rh to 291h"

The you are holding in your hands is a short variant ol that

documentary work namcd " An Armenian Diversion"'From the very bcginning of the Sumgayit events his

works of various style were published in the newspapcrs antl

magazines of thar period He is the author of thc " Echo ofSuigayit 2" lilm scripts (5 scrial documcntary lilms)

fhesi fitms reveal that the Sun.rgayit cvcnts wcrc planned by

the Armenians and thcir supportors abroad This book is ofthe great importance for its informing the peoples of thc

worlt olthe betrayal against the Azcrbaijanian people lt will

he very useful for the auture too. I appreciate his work lt is

one of his successful stePs.

Avz Muhmud I'aladug

43

In 1 9g 5 ,'1",#-,:l'fJ. i8sil.'+i"i"Sil- - tcy roused a lot ofpeoples.

. _We rcvalued our garbled past, the persons and ideaswc believcd and admired. The social and political processeswerc under way. The dcmocratio forceJ and mass mediawere attacking the Communist party demanding to rootout incrtia, conservatism, limitcdness, bias

. Insulation reigned in the country. The number ol.politicians.was increasing. Everybody was criticizing andgiving advicc. There werc a fcw who wanted to work] Th"country was slowly lalling into deoay. The foreign invcsti_gation centers, institutions, the congrcssmen wer-e carrvinoon thcir destruclivc policy defending uarious demociatifinancing and rnstructing them and iven buying them ifnccessary. Relations betwcen nations were the realpossibilil.y in. strengthening their destructive position.Sowing hostilily in such a mullinational count+ as theSoviet Union could cause mass discord. Aiter th.rebuilding had been announced such discord took place inAlma-at11.t 986 )., in Sumqayit (1988), in Tiuitisi (r'qsq), inttaki (1990), in Vilnus (1991). Thc evcnrs happencd iniheabovc rncntioncd citics ehangcrl thc mind of the oeooie.Thcir h-arred to rhc country itsclf antl to thc central

'ica jer..nrtensrlred. Participaring in thc meetings held in thevafols

1cn1r.b^lic1 rhc people declared their-republic,s going

out of the USSR. Taking the opportunity oi tir... ""u.r,t',thc Armenians declared the ficiiiious problem of U;o;;

Garabag to the whole world. Rebuildirg *u, u hi.;;[;ichance to them. The Armenian lobby geierously finun".Jthcir compatriols. Thcy dcolarcd the cvents n"lpp"r"J l"Surnqayit the "genocide" ol' the Arrneniaor. if,.y ,"..doing thcir best 1o present the Azeris to thc world p,iUfi. u,

44

best to prescnt the Azcris to thc world public as cutthroats

anr.l bandirs. Ol coursc onc ooultln't keep silcncc in sr'lch an

injust and immoral gatnc. Bccausc the Sumqayit evcnts

werc closcly conncctcd with those happcncd in Uppcr.Ga-rabag. Bui thc roots ol' the Garabag problcm arc decp'

Layiig clairrs to the territory of Uppcr -Garabag thc Ar-

m"nia-ns have repeatedly put this problcm forward- and

managcd to achieve thcir aims in various periods of his-

tory. "Bclore analyzing the Sumqayit events let's make. an

exoursion into thi history of risc of the Uppcr Garabaq

problem.

***It is impossibte to win history' ln various.periods of

historv differcnt persons in differcnt stales tried to distort

in. nistori.at laits. But thrs drstortion didn't last long'

iilr-r" cpoch and sense gave real estimation to eaoh event'

Giring^reul estirnalion io the historical events needs cour-

^*.. i-rr" historical pcrsonalities who can do it without bias

"i" *,,rth ol rcspcci. Unlortunatcly therc arc l'eu such.pcr-

sonalitiet in hislory. lt oan't be said about thc Arme nians

ih" ,.uron of thcir greatest error and defeat is that their

;;ii";;l ideology bises upon falsil-rcation and slander'

Ir"t iJ.rfogv icp.iu"t thc Armcnians of authority and rc-

."*i "i,ft."*"tli public which docsn't accepl falsillcatio.n'

{rr. '.q.i^.niont

havc always concealed the essence ol the

iirr..i""i """",t and facts lrom thcir own pcople as well'

e"i".Jirg to thc history the Armenians are an ethnic

o'.,t,r.l tnovcd to Garabag froln Iran"' '"'ti it

" letter written- to Sisianov in 1805 the archbishop

of tlre .qrmenian church stated that the Armenians suffered

;;;rti"" and pressure and asked him for his permission to

move to YelizavetPol and lravan'Afte r thc wir betwcen Turkey and Russia ended .in

1877-79 lhcre began a new rush of thc Armcntans to the

Cuucu.rs. 50 thousand Armcnians scttlcd the Gars prov-

*.;. On" million Anncnians out o[ onc nrillion 300 thott-

45

sand living in thc Caucasus those years wcrc scttlers.The list below show the number of thc se ttieis rnoreato thc Caucasus wirhin I 3 years (lrom I tt96 1; i90gj

'^'"'"-

1.000.00017.26420414561)11A

82.04330.890524t502lt

I . Thc Annenians2. The Polish3. Thc Czechs4. Thc Latvians5. The Moldavians6. Thc Qrecks7. The Jewsli. Thc Estonians9. The Aysors

. Thcsc figurcs lelcr to 1g97. In l9l7 the number of!h-c peoplc cvacuated to thc Caucasu.' ;;;;;;;;' to6 318 000. Wjthin thcse years 25%

"iih;;h"il;;;;;h,werc evacuatcd to the Caucasus. So Russian gIrlpli.'*"r;carrrying_on its eolonill poliey and strengrhcninl'iis nosr_trons rn (hc (-rruelrsus. Count Voronls_ov a-i.tn,r ati,.rw fi tayboundary bcrwec, thc lands of tl. to*f-pop;i;;i;;;.lhose of thc scrrlcrs. Il carrsed illcgal ."p;i;i;;;'i;;..

***..The hypooritioal and llattering policy of the Armeni_a.ns didn'r gain them rcspecr. They ;;a".ri""a'ii"*.v *.rrthemselves. Therc arose neccssrty to sct on organization inorder ro..dircct up (hc work into thc righich;;ffiH;I.

rn.lhe XIX ccntury rhe Dashnaktsutyu'n p;il';;r;tab_lished..And carly in lhc XX ccnlury it'intensifiJd i;;;.. Alrer the clash bcrween thc Azeris ";J;;;i;;,happencd in 1905 rhe Dashnaktsutyu; il;H:fl;more active and resorted to tcrror.

Thosc ycars the dashnaklsulyuns werc in revolution_ary spirirs. Thcy aimcd ar ovcrlhr;wrng ;; i;;i;;r.;;mcnr and building rheir Arrnenian o.ino.roii.l'n..J, ii,..Thcl' bcgan \ctting up variorrs cornmit,.", "nj ;'.il;';.

46

"Voskanapad" in Baki' "A big citv" and^" \ lede,Rachak " -in

Tibilisi. ';Pivagankist" in Batumi' "Garapet" ln uars';u1rii""i; r,iiiavan, "Kar"in Alexandropol' "Aparat " in

s'rrwi, "i.. ,qir these commitlees subordinated to thc "East

Bureatt" locarcd in Tibilisi"' '-- itt" Part-v had a strict s.vsteln ol' llnancc Evcry mcm-

u., .f ii'r,,J i" pay 2'l'" ol' hit *og" to thc budget ol' thc

il;;. i;;;;.;"..''"ut under stricico'trol ol'course' the

i;;";;;l-,h. onlv source of thc Parrl"s income Funds

were allocated lrom various lcctures' concerLs' per-

i**^^;;;. i;,i.ry gamcs Thc budget was scriouslv con-

;;iifi;.ili;'g i., tr'" inforrratiJn frorn oetober re07

iil';;";;;; rt.-1e08 the rnonthlv fccs wcre paid bv the

local cells in the following waY

"Sari""Burcg""Aparaj""Mrav""ChaYr""Krak""ZaYruit"

29 manatsI I manats1 I manats4 manatsl9 manats16 manats85 manals

90 gapiksl2 gapiks49gapiksl0 gapiks50 gapiks99 gapiks35 gapiks

That sum was spcnt on ProPaganda'

*i*

ln l9t(7 Acadcmician A Aga-nbcky.an matlc i,:fT*ro thearmenian clitc stating that from thc economtc potnt

;i ffi'u;;;;'ilbag sh"ould bc joined 1o Armcnia Hc

thousht it to be natural'"'"'1:i;;; onolv'ing that statement of the acadcmtc'tan

r.i, ?o'r" "'on'-'lit"tion to history ^ln

lt'}l:

ui 'S.Corfn.f

,o". thc Secrctar) General of the.Communtsl

P.;;"i;;i;;l Comrnittec ieclarcd rcbuilding {"pere-

1,1'"ir.;i'n.i"ttn, b.gun in the country' Those working in

Ii."'r;id'"i'i;;"i"ev. ";^i"lv a lot ol cditors-in-chie.r rverc

;h;"* [i'ii"''u?i.,"t lorics under the cloak of democ-

47

IaC] . Thc idca ol' a ncw thinking was pu r tbrward. Thatidca ctominarcd over cverybodv in the cOUtitN, BUt thgigappear-cd thosc who madc hrli use of rebuiltling and dc_rnocrac) tbr rheir. own sakc. Nor onlf ,ir. 1n".r'F.Lll ur,also thc lorcign ones took- adr,/an tagc of that opportuntry.Ir was M.S.CorbaehUv who.bac.kcd thcm and hc himscll.antl his r.elirrms r.r crc hlckcd Uy tt" *".t.,:n *.ifi'

,,,,,,

, .T_aking advantagc ., *Orr,O-* thc Arrnenians andthcir lohby abroa,j dcfiJeri ro ha\c a rich political and so-cial hirsc to protnote thc uppcr Garbag nroblem.r nc slate . social and political figurcs of Uppcr Ga_rabag A u tonomous Renu

*,rr-'in. p""pi.'r"., jii'r',"": and Armcnia as wcll merlul policy ancl inllucncc ,h.;:',Ti*rj:

t"t'y on lheir disgrace-

I'd like to give some episodes l.rom the speech ofYazgen. the Catholicos of th

;u,',i,Tf t[*Ttifli,#i;iI* sl fi rlffi .x1i

[ii''1 t#""* liii tnirn.t l*"i,'"i##,jti+lgovernment and ask to settlunderthe"*,ir,*r",""i'i;T$-,,!,rr.il,"?nT-,XJ""11"flresolution of the Board of th

f.til';*,fl,iT,"*it'..3,,*,,.*T"]lr;il^l;'J,li:;;,'Hl'x,T

*r*ttn+*m*'iffithis problem being settled intime and "" ,r;i;*;;

ru our lavour' It is a danserorrs

order not .o ru ir't [""ii1., ii'r"-1t]'"1iu*ozeri frater;tv in

sure vou that it is tt* *iu nllln between the nations' ias-

;lnl jir*"*tl:#[ir:,#t{#_rr$,iiillffi iiffil.tm rs not to hinder justice but

aclueve rts Yrctory. be CaIelUl. lOllOW my Call. AS tne patn-arch ol the Armenian pcople I feel responsibility for mymotherland and my nation. I address you in the name of theHoly Bible. God bless you!

On Fcbruary 26. 1988 poetcss Silva Kaputikyanmadc a speech on Armenian National television. Address-ing her people she said that Zori Balayan and shc had becnrcceived first by N.Yakovlcr'. the Secretary of thc Com-munist Party Central Committec and thcn byM.S.Gorbachov. S.Kaputikyan and Zori Balayan toldthem that as thc result o[ the nationalistic policy of StalinUpper Garabag joined Azerbaijan. That historical mistakeoLrghl to be correoted. She said that during thc talk theyhad used the word Upper Garabag very often. Gorbachovcorrected thcm saying that thc old name of Garabag was"Artsax". That fact madc i1 clear that Gorbachov kncw nolonly the real state of aflairs but also the history of Cara-bag very well. In ordcr to prove our backing him wc toldthat thc population ol U.G.A.R. likcd and dclended his

policy of rebuilding and carricd his portrails a1 the mect-

ings. It testified their love to M.S. Gorbachov. Gorbachovstatcd that there were a numbct of nalional problems to be

scttled by thc central Committcc Plenary rnecting in the

near future and thc problern ol U.G.A.R. would always be

undcr his control. We expressed our gratitlldc to him lorrcceiving us. As a rulc the presidcnt of thc biggcst state in

the world spcnds l9-15 minutcs recciving thc presidcnts ofthe oountrics ol thc USSR. But wc lalkcd nearly an hour'

Addressing thc rvholc Armenian population includ-

ing thc young S.Kaputikyan said that Garabag had his-

toiically belongcd to Armcnia. She said they intended not

to unitc the lands but to restorc the historical rnjusticc Oulpcople have suflered grcat tragedtes Our people arc wise

We rnust cxpress oLlr wisdom backing Gorbachov Becattse

those againit rebuil<ling and democracy can unite and- frus-

lratc o;r plans. So we musl hclp him and take back our

hislorioal Iands.

49

Itrl

The Armenian nationalists and their delenders

l,tor"o* and abroad were involved in prcparing and. ir

"[-t".ntin* rhc Surngalit events' SheJding blo-od .

I"t "rti,

irr* *unt..l-to announce thc whole world tlil; X;;;it J"i"'t let Armenians live silentlv and wanted

annihilate them both physically and morally'ln his analytical article "WhY Sumgayit" latc Aca.(

mician Ziya Bunyadov tried to analyze the events talniu." in s'u,ngoyii wfry \ ere the mass of thc Armenii

i"n".g su.g"uiit those-days taking their mcans-out. fn

ifr" .uii"g. b-anks? What was a certain Arteshes Gabrie\from SwJden rloing with his videocamera in the streets

Sumgayit? Was he making a film? This fact testifies that

Sum[ayit events were arranged beforehand' On Septem

ZS, t"SS"9 the newspaper "Xalg gazeti" vrotq "Armenian 'tashes Gabrielyan named the film made by him in Sumg:

as "Save us from the cutthroats ". The ltlm was planned

the armenian centers in the foreign countries Making thlm they aimed at prcsenting Azerbaijan and the A:

neoolc is a blood-thirsty nation to the whole world

compoign of propaganda lollowed those evenls A r

"genociie" agiinsi the Armenians was presented in the-1

.Ig, n.*rpop"t. Those days Eduard Oganesyan the-edj

irictriei of thc Armenian editorial stalf of the "Azadlig"dio station was doing his best in presenting thc Sumgr

"genocide" as an unpreoedental action in the history

mankind. They announced that 500 people (not 32) J

been murdercd. A book "sumgayit, gcnocide, glasnt

was urgently published in Yerevan and spread throughthe country.

Here is given an exlr(Lct from the article published

Pravda" on March, 1. 1988.

A group of hooligans roistered irt Sumgayit They u

furious and violent. Measures lnve been taken lo norma

the siluation and restore peace. The investigalion serv

are carrying on an investigation.

50

. !!ood was shed in Sumgayil on February 2g_29 tinight. V.V.Krayev lieutenanr general of the USSi{ D";;";;Ministly was appointed the commandant.

The Armcnians were closely involvcd in Sumgavitevents. But like an instrument. They _ignt fruu.

"oi"ria"._stood that. Their minds were poisoned-by ia".f.gi"^i-J.v_chosis of the Armenian ideologirr,.. Eu".y A;;;r-ii, fr.i".bc a real parriot fbr Grear Aimenia. R;s;;Ji;;;';i;i;"",race, religion every Armenian had ro pri,e ni, p"t.i".'t'"_in his actions and work. During that p"ri.a ifr"'rr-Uriji"._ies_.of .Garabag Commitrce worf ed in

-Sumg"vi,. ir"il .rt_

sidiaries .werc set up almost in all big *t".pri.* ifr"membership fees were paid regularly.

. - 9_tggti Korenko, Ukrainian, the examining Judge ofthe USSR Head Public prosecutor's Ofhce said.

- Bqfore the Sumgalit events in/brmation on lhe reac_lion o/ the population on Garabag problem was .rrn, tu Crurabag and then Io yeretan eveiy otheulnv A qrrstionalnes-Wlo tyas tlnt information sent by? BI Azerisi No. BvRussians? Whlt did they need it? hdeei thel,ruere tne *mi,-nians t,lto did it nanely lhe Arnenian'girls. Thev n,ereheaded by Stelh. Atl the inJbrnation t,r,i ,"ceired'bv lte,and then giyen to Steponakert and yerevan h1.tlrc Armeniantonmtun.it.tt tors in the post o./fices. Stetto A,ri ltigltty paid/brthat activit).and she devided nlone)t y,it11 the giits.'tihen'theSumgol,it events hegan Stella was rescued by the mililar vnten. Then slte disappeared. At lirsl we wanied to firut hirbut soon .fbrgot ctbout lw lruving roo much yyork ti Ao. fAlike to stne that Sletla not only garhered informarion. Slrchad a .fe_t+' brothels in Suntgayit. The Armenian girls at theage of 15-25 received there clients et,ery eveningl We inler_rogaled one of the girls named Nairini. She sairt thev wereafraid of Stella. She thremened thent. A lot of peopi kneu.ab.out it, but nobody tried to stop lrcr. They pri/irretl to keepsilence. Stella was saitl to have a great respicr. Wiwever slie

5'1

:* ln$ tnryq}ll'H:) Y: ill-]-ffi;;,;;';:;;',;;do,oiog.co*ii1tn",,o.yn!,1.:::i':::y::,i;;;;;;;;;';,,;; 1i'iti trt atttt ttut ine arnel

i111e^111-1-t';;::;;,"';' '"i ;i"' i,'''in'i' Port v ct'nlmit te: ::!..:1.::.*';:,-.

iii i ii i 17,',ii "P;";Z;;;

" ;'' ti11i" n" "

Ar menian s r ttislar'l needs no clnlmenls''"" "iir"." *ns truth in Kotenko's words With the help

"r ."J'o.onf" as Stella rhe Garabag Committee could

I"r"i^.'1,! *,i"iif. rhougl.' they were carrying on their a.c-

i;:;j:'#;';;;'1,r, *Jy weie unmasked during. the

Ir"i"";n .,..,.,"e-n-tt.'

rtlo"' of murdcred and robbed .ini;ffi;ii; ;;;-;h"; *no hud rerused to cooperate with

"Garabas Committee".- l;"" month, bcfore thc Surngayit evenls- thc mem-

b"., oi' tt "

Cu.obag Committee began to take.their means

;;;J,h" savingsianks What made them do it? It-was

.-""*". it "

n."-pt" who had been saving money for a long

iir" !raa."fv took it and went away ll proves that. it was

an action ariangcd beforehand For ref'erence we glve tne

il;;;ih; o*r"i, *rro took their means out of the savings

banks.

1. N.AqajanYan2. S.GevorkYan3. K.MartirosYan4. Z.MclkumYan5. A.Tanyan6. S.Kaprielova7. R.MilkaelYan8. V.Avanesova

16765 rouble1 1244 rouble8730 rouble13580 rouble5619 rouble5619 rouble7610 roublc13760 rouble

During December 1987 and January and February

19118 more tlan one thousand Armenians took their means

out from thc savings banks and left Sumgayit What made

thcm do it'l

52

During the Sumgayit evcnts most of the populationof Sumgayit did their dutics as citizens . Much morc bloodcould have bcen shed. But most ol' thc inhabitants prc-vented it. .

Bcing a rcsult of grcat ambitions and wcakncss bc-

lbre the rcatity bloodshcd has ncver donc anybody honour'Much has bcen said about courage and vigilance of the in-habitants ol Sumgayit. In his interview to the newspaper"Pravda" on March.21. 1988 Kruyev. the tonuttuntkm ofSumguf ir saitl. "Mrch ntorc people t:ould hove heen n-tur-

derei tf rhe lot'al populorion hadn'r helped A driw.r of rltebus toik 10 arnenitm lantilies to his nulit'e distritt Shuki An

Azeri.lantil.v .stopped the hooligans v'ho uttukked their hu-ikl-

irg. ) t'orke, ias going v ith his arntenian lriend on a bus

Tile lnoligans slopped llrc bus and demonded thb Armenian'

The Azeii resruei his orntenian Jriend but lte hinrself vas

i,ow1ded."On June 29, 1989 thc ncwspapcr "Yurmala",(#26)

was dcvoled to Armcnia and the Armenian pcople Herc

arc given some episodes from dilferent articles:

Sylvia Kaputikyan :"We are in difficult situalion We

hav" no wuy out. We border with Turkcy and Azcrbaijan

havc no air to breathc with. We arc going to dic lt is pity'

Most of the intclligensia in Azcbaijan consider Garabag as

an intcgral Part of Azcrbaijan"'S"e.o Xanzadyan- a writer: "ti50 thousand Armcnians

livcd in Garabag in te f O This numbcr rcduced twioc carly

ii, iqag ln 192? 40920 o[ thc populatitrn in Nakhe hivan

*a," A.,r"riont. Now no Armenian lives there Hc atldt'<l:;M;rd.r of the Armenians in Sumgayil was adjusted by

the leaders of Azerbaijan. About 450 Armenians werc

.rra"r.A in Sumgayit. but thc central media inlorm of 32

killed".

E4I

***The Armenians presented their foul campaign not

only in the rnedia of the lbrcign countries but atso in theirlocal rnedia. The book" Sumgayit, genocide, glasnost"published in Ycrevan is an cxample to it. This book-is fullol slander and lies. It says; "We have documents which tes-tily that more than 100 people were murdered inSumgayit". Exaggerating the hgures they were trying to at-tract the attenlion of the rvorld public. That is a feature pe-culiar to thc Almcnians.

On March, 30, 1988 the newspaper "Izvestiya" wrote:"In the article Sumgayit: rumours hinder the investigation"V.Galkin, the head ol the investigation group on Sumgayitevents was asked a question: " Does anything hinder the in-vestigation?" He answered that rumours hindered it. The in-vestigation revealed that no child died. The number of thosewho died was neither 400 nor 500. Only 32 persons died.

***The Armenian Diaspora helped them greally. They

provided thcm with weapons, food, medicine. Thc weilknown singel o1'France Sharl Aznavur had been to Arme_nia for a l-cw tirncs. Hc hiurself allocale<i 2 million US dol-lars and aftcr returning to paris he established an " Azna_vur-Armenia" lund from the acoount of which he allocated7 million US dollars to Armenia. All the aids aimed atmilitary aggression. The population of Stcpanakert was nolnorc than 200 thousand. Whcrc did they buy the weap_ons'l But olllcial Annenia denied this laot.

On January 24,, 1990 the newspaper "Jurnal dyu di-mansh" published in Paris wrote: "Submichine guns and mi-nethrowers have been coming by plane from Le6anon in theIast few days.

They are unloaded at nights under the control of thecustomers. officers. They are free of any outside patronageand have joined the extremist Armenians. No Russian hisbeen working in the airport customs in the last few arr.. ff,"

54

delivery of weapons may have begun in September' Since the

civil war began in Upper Garabag many armed people espe-

cially the youngs have been met in Yerevan and villages, on

the -boundary

between the capital and Azerbaiian' These

groups are mainly headed by the Armenians who have come

irorn Beirut and Damascus. Some of them are close to the

terrorists from Lebanon and armed Christian formations'

Hundreils of Lebanese of Armenian birth have come here

without any visas. They are good at street battles tactics'

Some of them are in Yerevan, but most have left for Gorus

and Khanlar (the boundar"v regions). The Garabag Commit-

tee has become a real military committee' Only it can place

a heticopter at your disposal to go to the East of the country'

Tiere ari some forccs in Russia. mainly in Moscow

who back the Armenians and provide them with linancial

and technical aid. Early in 1997 Russia sent Armenla

*"opoo, worth I billion US dollars lree of chargc That

fact was rcveale<l by Aman Tuleyev, the former acting min-

lste. of th" Union of Independent S1a1cs of Russia and

c'onfirmed by late Lev Rokhlin , thc ohairman of the

Committee oi D"f.n.. ol Russian Statc Duma, lie utcnant-

"*.ioL. f n April 1997 the ncwspapcr "Trud" wrotc: " Di'''i-

iicn ol the piopcrty of the 7'h army of the Jormer USSR

iocated in Aimenia came to an end in l gg2 Howevcr' dur-

ing 1993-1996 plenty ol additional weapons were given to

i8r"uon. At fiist sight there is nothing unusual aboul it as

th. *.opon, tradels thc most profltable business in. thc

world. The special casc is that Russian weapons were glven

to thc ermenians without any conditions ln shorl they

werc given secretlY.'''-- -n."oiaing to the appropriate deed oI General

Rokhlin in 1gi2-1994 the wcapons and mrlitary technics

*".. gir", 1o the Caucasus from thc ammunition dumps of

the army without any instructions'mi.site and aitillery guns more than 9'5 thousand

units600 waggons ot hghting suPPlY

55

72 units of anti-tank guns and cquipment64,2 thousand tons of [Iclliaison applianccs and equiprnent 15977 liaison

sets and 41(X)3 kilornetcr ofdesert cable...

Such arrning ol' thc Ar.rnerrian ar.ml sl nchrorrizeswith Pavel Grachov's being Dcfenoc Ministcr andM.Kolesnikov's being the chief of the headquarters.Rokhlin is sure that both thcse persons were involved inthosc acts and even led then.r.

The list of the arms illegally sold to arnrenia

Pricc / h ateruge tontnerciul prites/ irt I_tS dollar.r.From Januon, l99l to.Ianuqry lg96

Name Number Total pricePU OTR 8 r-680.000GRUG ZRR 27 8. r00.000ZRK MISSILES 349 I04.700.000.'OSA" MISSILES 40 8.000.000T-72 TANKS 40 8.000.000BMP-2 50 14 000.000I22 MM-MK GD 30 36 1.872.000152 MM-MK GD-I l8 900.000I52 MM-MK GD 20 t8 720.000"GRAD" l8 4.500.000MINETHROWER 26 3 12.000.,IGLA"

40 1.600.000QRENADE CUPDISCHARGER

20 50.000

SUBMAC]{INE GUNS 306 122.400SUBMACHINE GUNS 7910 942.200PISTOLS 1947 110.820DIFFERENT SUPPLY 489. 160 195.664.000BMP-2 S SUPPLY-3O 47880 14.54.400

56

BM PGUR 4 1.320.000

HAND.GRENADE 345800 21 .253.000

BULLETS 227.253.000 27.253.000

6rupR wEAPoNS 270 270.000.000

TOTAL 1.000.000.000

In April 1997 thc newspaper "Philodelphia inquirer"nuhlishcd in Neu York urolc: "A scrious political scan.Jal

iras burst r)ut in Mosco\\ in conncelion with the lact that I

billion US dollars rvorth arms were secrctly sen( to Armc-

nia. This scandal has provoked a rcaction which has

rcachcd thc US....This slory reflects all the clements of the cold war"

pcriotl thlillcrs. ihe only difference is that thc cold war is

icplaced by the struggle betwcen thc US and Russia fbr the

ne'* oil .es".*'"s. ftri US firms havc invested billions ofJollars in the consortium which is going to extract oil inAzerbaijan. But this oil's presentation to the world markets

depends on the desire of Russia.

Investigation in Sumgayit rvas untler way .Rut the

Armenian iedia aroused a scandal saying that the

investigation was not imbiascd and thc criminals were

hidden- ctc. Experienccd investigators, criminals'^psy-

chologists rverc involved in the investigation of thc

ir"U^yit cvents. Almost all of them were sent to Azcbaijan

f,, t"n" USSR Public Prosecutor's Office' An interview with

,l.F.Ku,rt.", deputl' General Prosecutor of the USSR was

pontitn"O in "Iiveitiya" Alexander Philipovich connected

[h" -Sumgayit events with those of Upper Garabag' He noted

tt "t ttre-.at. disorders began in UGAR on February 22

tensified the circumstances in Sumgaf it. one of the biggest

inJr.i.iuf cities of Azerbailan' The results are known - 32

people diett. 94 instigators and participants of those events

i,u"" b"an arrested. Katusov noted that various rumours

uiouna tn.t" events hinder thc investigation For example

,traaa *"ra spread rutnours that before the mass disorders

rumours that before the mass disordcrs began in Sumgayitthere had been drawn up a list of the Armenians to bekillcd: al some cnterprises therc had been made specialmelal things to be used during the future events; the work_crs of the communication centers intcntionally cut off thetclephones in the Armenians apartments. In order 1o oheckall these rumours the investigators interrogated a lot ofin_habitants of Sumgayit, the workers of the enterprises,communication centers and other service centers. Nine ofthose rumours wcre proved. The investigation group hasreccntly got a letter from the Armenian cltizenG.B.Ulubabayan. An application of the Sumgayit citizenA.G.Grigoryan was attached to thar lertcr. Inlii applica-tion Grigoryan srarcd thar his wile and thrcc childrin haddicd during those mass disorders. In connection with if onJuly 4 hc was interrogaled at thc USSR public prosecutor,sOlficc and told rhe following: ,, We all, I mean mv wifeson Pavel daughter Yelena a"ni -" "* "fir".i'fr*J r;;;;had a son named Vladimir. My wife and children are saidto be dead. I have never lold such a thing 10 anybody andhavc ncver gone to Moscow in connection with this. ihavencither written nor signed this application. I <lon,t sign insuch a way. What is writtcn in the ipplicatio, is nonseirse.

***In may l98tl thc first trial oame to an end. Tale Is_

mailov was sentenced to I 5 years of imprisonment formurder. I'd likc to give some extracts fr-om the articie"Provocateurs and sharcholders" published in the newspa_per "Vishka".

^ . Nizami Sumbat ogli Safarov. He was born in a larsefamily in Sungayit in 1962. He gave ttrc inv"stigatio'ngroup thc necessary testimony. During the trial he ch"angedhis testimony seveial rimes. in his la-st r.ril";t-i;;';?;;S{ h" had casted aspersion upon his f.i"nd, .*".piE.Grigoryan.

58

Galib Gadirshah ogli Mammadov. Was born in the

family of workers in Shamaxi in 1967. Al'ter living rhe sec-

ondaiy school he entered the Sumgayit Trade School. lnJanuaiy 198tt he was demobilized from the army He also

changed his testimony during thc investigation and trial."r"*l ti-"t. Only in his last testimony he told the truth inrcspect to E.GrigorYan.

Vagif Vahabali ogli Huseynov. Was born in the fam-

ily ol'woikers in 1963. He rejectcd his testimony given at

the trial.Adil Ahmadkhan ogli Nalafov. Was born in 1963'

Had been judgcd beforc. At thc trial rejected his testimonygiven during the investiga tion.-

Elchin Ali ogli Ganlaliyev. Was born in 1965 He had

becn sulfcring lrom diabetes since his childhood Then he

lell ill with rubcrculosis. He rvas II group invalid He was

accused with participating in thc mass disorders and ar-

rested in September, 22. In the course of the investigation

it was reveaied that he took part in the Sumgayit evcnts on

February 28. When the trial was under way in Oclober

1989 he died.Afsar Islam ogly Isayev. Was born in a large family in

Sumgayit in 1962. in 1985 was sentenccd for theft Hc has

threc-little childrcn. During the investigation he gave vari-

ous testimonies.Eduard Robertovich Grigoryan. Was born in the fam-

ily of workers. His two brothers had bcen scntenced He

himsell had been under trial three timcs: in 1976' 1981 and

1982 and was sentenced to 9 years,2 monlhs and l3 days

of imprisonrnent.It was Grigoryan himsclf who hcaded the partici-

pants ol Sumgayit ivcnts. He was an instrumenl in the

irands of the Armenian nationalisls. Hc could cope with

the task he had been given. Within a fcw days he could get

logether with thc youngs. gave them money, drug Il is in-

teisting how he iould get so much money and drug He

didn't w:ork anywhere and was a parasite' It is obvious that

59

hc was providcd b-v the Armenian nationalists. His sobn_quet \4,as "Pasha". "Pasha" couldn,l play his role in the po_litical action ro the end. Becausc iftei the bloodshed hehad to disappear. It could prove that the Armenians werenot involved in those evcnts. But Grigoryan was arrestedand had to stand a trial. The Armenian lobby living inArmenia and Moscow tried to make a scandal in

"ori""_tion with his arrcst. They dcmanded to reler his casc tcrRussia. But it rvas irnpossiblc. Hc had to answer for whathe had donc.

Thc Armenian nationalists bcgan to propagandizc inhisfavour. They tricd to assurc cveiybodythat 6rigoryanunderwent pressure and torture. It was outrageoua i". Fo.the crirne hc had committcd he was ."nt.n."i to l2 yeaisof imprisomlent. Somcthing was wrong with that sen_lence. Becausc Grigoryan murdered 5 perions, raped a fewarmenian girls. How could he bc scntenced to only l2 yearst,f imprisonmcnt., For murdcring only one p"rron Toi. l.-mayilov was sentcnced to l5 years of impiisonment. Butfirstly he had been sentenced to death. ffre tawyer oifJ"Alexander Ivanovich Ivannikov told that u foi of p.ooi"wcre in(eresred in his lortune both in Azerbaiju, onj Mlr_cow. Thc court as well as thc invcstigation we.e unde.p_ressure.

.Seeing it A.I.lvannikov compliined to the USSRHead Public Prosccutors Officc saying that he would re_lirsc-nrotccring Talc lsmayilov il thc ircssure diJ;,i';;;.-But those ycars mass media was vcry interested in the firsttrial. The lawyer's rejection could cause u r"unaof. eiGi_wards the pressure became weak and Talc was ,"","n".J tol5 years ol' irnprisonrnent.

Backed by rheirs support.crs in Moscow the Arme_nlan natlonalrsls tnanaged to takc Grigorlan to Russia. Hewas sclving his scntenec in Budyonovsk city of Stavro.r,riregion. But ir will bc lhc rhernc oi anorher taik.

60

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