APA for Online

8/4/2019 APA for Online

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Introduction toAPA StylePamela May

State University of New York at Geneseo


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What is APA?

American Psychological Association oversees publication of books andjournals

provides a standard editorial style formanuscripts

Without APA style conventions, the time

and effort required to review and editmanuscripts would prohibit timely andcost-effective publication and would makeclear communication harder to achieve

(APA, 2001, pp. xxi).


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Learning the Basics

GeneralCharacteristics

Tone

Spacing andmargins

Font

Page numbers

Headings

Citations

SpecificComponents

Title page

Abstract

Body

References


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Tone Scientific, not literary, writing

Be clear, concise, and formal

No long-winded sentences loaded with descriptivewords

Example:

Sally Richards is an unfortunate person afflicted with

bipolar disorder. Her emotions are like a rollercoaster,

sometimes shes really happy and sometimes shes down

in the dumps.

Sally Richards is diagnosed with bipolar disorder, a

disorder characterized by dramatic mood swings.


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Spacing, Margins, and Font

Always double space on title page, abstract, body

after headings

between and within references

1 inch margins Right, left, top, and bottom

12 pt. Times New Roman


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Page Numbers and Headers

Page Numbers start with the title page

number all pages on the upper RIGHTedge

Page Headers

first two or three words from the title inupper right hand corner, five spaces to leftof page number

Word- go to View Header and Footer


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Prosopagnosia: Addressing 1

Running head: PROSOPAGNOSIA: ADDRESSING LATERALITY

Prosopagnosia: Addressing the Problem of Laterality

Sara Summers


Page numberPage header


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Reference Citations in Text

One work by one author In a recent study of cigarette smokers,

40,000 reported withdrawal effects

(Walker, 2000). In the study by Walker (2000), 40,000...

One work by two authors

Cognitive pathways...are substantial (Earl& Whitter, 2004).

Earl and Whitter (2004) found...


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One work by three, four, or five authors For the first time it is cited-

In a recent study of cigarette smokers,40,000 reported withdrawal effects(Smith, Rapp, & Kurs, 1997).

Smith, Rapp, and Kurs (1997) found...

Second time cited and after-

(Smith et al., 1997)

Smith et al. (1997)


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One work with six or more authors- citeonly the first author followed by et al.

(Koenig et al., 1994)

Koenig et al. (1994)


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Two or more references within the sameparentheses

By the same authors

Chronological order by year

(Walls & Rine, 2000, 2003)

By different authors

Alphabetical order by the first authors lastname, and separate works by semicolons

(Coldwell, 1999; Massa & Abrams, 2003;

Moritz & Balmer, 2001)


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Title Page Running head

left justified at top, abbreviated title in caps.,below header and page number

50 characters max- including spacing and

punctuation Title

centered, half way down page

Your name and institutional affiliation centered, below title, different lines for each

Dont forget page number, header, and double

spacing!


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Prosopagnosia: Addressing 1

Running head: PROSOPAGNOSIA: ADDRESSING LATERALITY

Prosopagnosia: Addressing the Problem of Laterality

Sara Summers


Running head

format


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Abstract

Brief but dense summary of paper

Begin on a new page (p. 2)

Type Abstract at top, centered No indentation at beginning of abstract

Do not exceed 120 words

Leave the rest of the page blank, start therest of the essay on page 3


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Body

Begins on page 3

First line- Restate your title, centered

Start body one double-spaced line below title

Using a Double 3

Using a Double Span Task to Measure Working Memory

Performance on Recognition Tasks

The working memory is a system that underlies complex human thought processes by

maintaining and storing information in the short term (Baddeley, 2003). It keeps track of

what we are doing or where we are at the moment, and


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A little sidetracking...

If references are cited in the abstract, citethem in full form when they are cited again inthe body for the first time

In abstract for first time

(Smith, Rapp, & Kurs, 1997)

In body for first time

(Smith, Rapp, & Kurs, 1997) Second time in either abstract/body

(Smith et al., 1997)

*this applies to references with three or more authors only


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References

Not a bibliography! Cited references in your paper should be on

your reference page AND anything cited on

the reference page should be in your paper Be accurate and complete


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Reference Technicalities

On a separate page after the body Type References on first line, centered

List references in alphabetical order

First line is left justified, hanging indent (5spaces) for following lines within reference

Tip: Press Control T When listing authors use & not and


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Reference Form: Scholarly Journals

Last name, Initials of first and middlenames. (Publication year). Title of article.Journal Title, Volume, Page numbers.

Capitalize only first letter of article titleand after a colon if present

Italicize journal title and volume

Issue numbers are unnecessary Do not write pp. for pages


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Journal Examples

One to six authors- list all Keller, M. P., & Chance, P. F. (2003).

Inherited neuropathies: From gene to

disease. Brain Pathology, 9, 327-341. Seven or more- type first six and use et al.

for the rest

Krajewski, K. M., Lewis, R. A., Fuerst, D.R., Turanksy, C., Hinderer, S. R.,Garbern, J., et al. (2000)...


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Reference Form: Books

Last name, Initials of first and middlenames. (Publication year). Book title.Location of publisher: Publisher.

If there are more than 6 authors- followthe same rule for journals

Capitalize only first letter of book title

and after a colon if present Italicize book title


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Book Examples

Sosa, C. A., & Maley, D. D. (2002).Psychological theories. Newbury Park,CA: Sage.

Charr, J. S., & Young, L. N. (Eds.). (1988).Child psychology. New York: McGraw-Hill.

If book is edited put (Ed.) after editorsname

If city is well known (New York, Chicago,Philadelphia, etc.), do not include state


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Book Examples cont.

Referring to a chapter in an edited book Thomas, P. K. (2005). Charcot-Marie-Tooth

disease: Historical perspective and overview.

In G. J. Parry (Ed.), Charcot-Marie-ToothDisorders: A Handbook for Primary CarePhysicians (pp. 1-4). Chicago: The Charcot-Marie-Tooth Association.

Chapter author and date chapter title In editor (Ed.) of whole book Book titleand chapter numbers (pp.) Publisher

information


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Reference Form: Websites

Includes internet-only journals, websites,newsgroups, online discussion groups, etc.

General online document form

Last name, Initials. (Publication year). Title ofwork. Retrieved month day, year, from site

Capitalize only first letter of title and after a

colon if present

Italicize title

Always include Retrieved date and from

site


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Website Example

Crow, T. J. (2003). Being happy. RetrievedAugust 6, 2003, from

http://www.health.com/

_4a.html#1


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Reference Form: Motion Pictures

General form Producers last name, Initials (Producer), &

Directors last name, Initials (Director).

(Year). Title of video [Motion picture].Country: Movie Studio.

Identify primary contributors as directors,producers, or both (Producer/Director)

Capitalize only first letter of title and after acolon if present

Italicize title, identify it as a motion picture in

brackets immediately after


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Motion Picture Example

Thomas, T. (Producer), & Kine, D.(Writer/Director). (1980). Ten wonderfulthings about you [Motion picture].United States: Paramount Pictures.


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Note: This PowerPoint is only a basic

introduction to APA. For more specificguidelines, please refer to the latest

Publication Manual.


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References

American Psychological Association. (2001). Publication manualof American Psychological Association (5th ed.). Washington,

DC: American Psychological Association.

Tomczak, T.A students guide to American PsychologicalAssociation (APA) publication style. Unpublished manuscript,

Genesee Community College, Batavia.

APA for Online

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