AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500...

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AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 10 0 20 0 30 0 40 0 50 0 10 0 20 0 30 0 40 0 50 0 100 200 30 0 40 0 50 0 10 0 20 0 30 0 40 0 50 0 A: Bioche m B: Enzymes C: Cell Structure D: Cell Function E: Cell Respirat ion Final Jeopardy F: Photo- synthes is G: Cells Grab Bag 10 0 10 0 20 0 20 0 30 0 30 0 40 0 40 0 50 0 50 0

Transcript of AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500...

Page 1: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy

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A: Biochem

B: Enzymes C: Cell Structure

D: Cell Function

E: Cell Respiration

Final Jeopardy

F: Photo-synthesis

G: Cells Grab Bag

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Page 2: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

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Page 3: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

A-100• ANSWER: Monomers of carbohydrates,

proteins and nucleic acids, respectively?• QUESTION: What are monosaccharides,

amino acids and nucleotides?

Page 4: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

A-200

• ANSWER: cohesion, adhesion, surface tension, respectively

• QUESTION: What are the clinging of like molecules, the attraction/clinging of different molecules and a measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break a liquid surface?

Page 5: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

A-300

• ANSWER: dehydration and hydrolysis reactions, respectively

• QUESTION: What reactions bind molecules while removing a water molecule; and what reactions split molecules while adding a water molecule?

Page 6: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

A-400

• ANSWER: The 2 functional groups always found in amino acids

• QUESTION: What are the amino (NH2) and Carboxyl (COOH) groups?

Page 7: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

A-500• ANSWER: The 4 levels of protein

structure

• QUESTION: What are– A polypeptide (or amino acid) chain– A coiled or folded pattern of the chain– A unique 3-D structure from the coils/folds

resulting from side chain interactions– Interaction of 2 or more polypeptides into

one unique 3-D macromolecule

Page 8: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

• ANSWER: Free energy

• QUESTION: What is the portion of a system’s energy that can do work?

B-100

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QuestionAnswer

B-200

• ANSWER: Exergonic, endergonic and equilibrium reactions

• QUESTION: What are reactions that have a net release of free energy, absorb free energy and those that do no work?

Page 10: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

B-300

• ANSWER: The effect enzymes have on activation energy and free energy in a reaction

• QUESTION: What are 1) reduction, and 2) no change, respectively?

Page 11: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

B-400• ANSWER: Competitive inhibitor

• QUESTION: What type of molecule inhibits enzyme activity by binding at the active site, thus competing with the substrate?

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QuestionAnswer

B-500

• ANSWER: Allosteric regulation, activator and inhibitor

• QUESTION: In what type of enzyme regulation does the regulatory molecule bind to a separate site; and what are the terms for the molecules that stabilize the active and inactive forms of the enzyme, respectively?

Page 13: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

C-100

• ANSWER: The functions of smooth and rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

• QUESTION: What are– Lipid synthesis and toxin detox– Assistance in protein synthesis, respectively

Page 14: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

C-200

• ANSWER: The functions of lysosomes and peroxisomes, respectively

• QUESTION: What are

– Digestion of macromolecules by enzymes and an acidic environment; and

– Breakdown of various substances including some toxins and H2O2?

Page 15: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

C-300• ANSWER: Golgi complex (or apparatus)• QUESTION: What organelle receives

incomplete proteins from the ER, then completes their processing and packages them into vesicles for transport elsewhere in the cell or out of the cell?

Page 16: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

C-400• ANSWER: A jelly-like outer coating on

many prokaryotes

• QUESTION: What is a capsule?

Page 17: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

C-500

• ANSWER: Nucleoid and Nucleolus

• QUESTION: What is the region in a prokaryote where its DNA is located; and what is the region inside a eukaryotic cell where ribosomes are made?

Page 18: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

D-100

• ANSWER: The fluid mosaic model

• QUESTION: What model describes the cell membrane as a flexible phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins that can move somewhat?

Page 19: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

D-200

• ANSWER: The mechanisms for passive and active transport

• QUESTION: What are diffusion down a concentration gradient (passive) and use of energy to move solutes against their gradients (active)?

Page 20: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

D-300• ANSWER: Parts of a signal transduction

pathway

• QUESTION: What are reception, transduction and response?

Page 21: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

D-400• ANSWER: Paracrine, Synaptic and

Hormonal signaling• QUESTION: What types of cell signaling

involve 1) cells communicating with nearby cells, 2) nerve cell transmission, and 3) long distance cell communication via hormones?

Page 22: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

D-500• ANSWER: The mechanism by which signal

amplification occurs in a cell’s response to a signal

• QUESTION: What occurs during signal transduction when each molecule in an enzyme cascade activate numerous molecules in the next step before becoming inactive (may also involve scaffolding proteins)?

Page 23: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

E-100

• ANSWER: The purpose of cellular respiration

• QUESTION: What is the manufacture of ATP?

Page 24: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

E-200• ANSWER: The 3 steps in cellular

respiration and the 2 parts of the last step

• QUESTION: What are glycolysis, the Krebs (or citric acid) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation; and what are the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis?

Page 25: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

E-300• ANSWER: 2 types of fermentation, and

example organisms that have these processes

• QUESTION: What is alcoholic fermentation, done by yeasts and some bacteria, and what is lactic acid fermentation, done by animal muscles

Page 26: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

E-400

• ANSWER: The function of the citric acid cycle, and its waste product

• QUESTION: What is the breakdown of pyruvic acid (as Acetyl CoA) to the high-energy molecules NADH, FADH2 and ATP, and its release of CO2

Page 27: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

E-500• ANSWER: This is what occurs in the 2

processes of oxidative phosphorylation• QUESTION: What is the ETC, in which

electron transfer creates a H+ gradient, followed by chemiosmosis, a coupled reaction in which H+ moves thru ATP Synthase in the mitochondrial membrane, synthesizing ATP as H+ enters the mitochondrial matrix

Page 28: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

F-100

• ANSWER: The general purpose of photosynthesis and the term given to organisms that conduct it

• QUESTION: What is the conversion of light energy into chemical energy, and autotrophs?

Page 29: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

F-200• ANSWER: The 2 major processes of

photosynthesis and the 2 reaction centers of the first process (in the order they are active)

• QUESTION: What are light-dependent and the Calvin Cycle (or light-independent) reactions, and what are photosystems II and I?

Page 30: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

F-300

• ANSWER: the coupled process that uses the energy in a H+ gradient to drive the synthesis of ATP

• QUESTION: What is chemiosmosis?

Page 31: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

F-400

• ANSWER: Cyclic electron flow• QUESTION: What is the production of extra

ATP that uses PS I, the ETC and back to PS I to generate more ATP than NADPH?

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QuestionAnswer

F-500• ANSWER: The 3 stages and product of the

Calvin Cycle• QUESTION: What are Carbon fixation,

Reduction, and Regeneration (of RuBP), and sugar (G3P)

Page 33: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

G-100

• ANSWER: Cell junctions in plant and animal cells (respectively) that permit passage of some materials from one cell to another

• QUESTION: What are gap junctions and plasmodesmata?

Page 34: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

G-200• ANSWER: When a substance is pumped

across a membrane, then does work as it moves across the membrane by diffusion while another substance moves with the first against its concentration gradient

• QUESTION: What is cotransport?

Page 35: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

G-300• ANSWER: Substrate Phosphorylation• QUESTION: What is the formation of ATP by

directly transferring a phosphate group to ADP from another (substrate or intermediate) molecule

Page 36: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

G-400

• ANSWER: Photorespiration

• QUESTION: What is the process in which photosynthesis is reduced (CO2 is released, O2 is consumed, no ATP is made) as a result of hot, dry conditions?

Page 37: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

G-500

• ANSWER: Scaffolding protein and its function

• QUESTION: What is a large relay protein to which other relay proteins are attached, increasing the efficiency of signal transduction?

Page 38: AP Biology AP Test Review Cells Jeopardy 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 A: Biochem.

QuestionAnswer

FINAL JEOPARDY• ANSWER: The energy-carrying

molecules produced in cellular respiration vs. those produced in photosynthesis

• QUESTION: – In cellular respiration, what are NADH,

FADH2 and ATP– In photosynthesis, what are NADPH and

ATP


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