Antibiotic Use in Dog, Cat and Human

7/24/2019 Antibiotic Use in Dog, Cat and Human

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ANTIBIOTIC USE IN

DOG, CAT ANDHUMAN BITEKoay Khang Siean

Pharmacist


2/20

Dog ite

An a!"#t !og can e$ert%&& 'o"n!s 'er s("areinch )'si* o+ 'ress"re,ith some #arge !ogsa#e to e$ert -.& 'si/

S"ch e$treme 'ress"re may!amage !ee'er str"ct"ress"ch as ones, 0esse#s,

ten!ons, m"sc#e, an! ner0es/


3/20

Dog ites ty'ica##y ca"se '"nct"reo"n!s, #acerations an! cr"sh in1"riesca"se! y ro"n!e! teeth an! strong 1as/


4/20

Dog Bite 2 Microio#ogy

Staphylococcuss'ecies Streptococcuss'ecies Eikenellas'ecies Pasteurellas'ecies )multocida, canis* Proteuss'ecies

Klebsiellas'ecies Haemophiluss'ecies Enterobacters'ecies D42% or Capnocytophaga canimorsus Bacteroidess'ecies Moraxellas'ecies

Corynebacteriums'ecies Neisserias'ecies usobacteriums'ecies Pre!otellas'ecies Porphyromonass'ecies

Dog ites

contain Pasteurellamultocidain ao"t %.5 o+cases, other Paste"re##as'ecies in "' to %.5 o+cases, as e## as mi$e!anaeroes

an! Staphylococcusaureus


5/20

Cat ite

The shar' 'ointe! teeth o+ cats "s"a##yca"se '"nct"re o"n!s an!#acerations that may inoc"#ate acteriainto !ee' tiss"es/ In+ections ca"se! ycat ites genera##y !e0e#o' +aster than

those o+ !ogs/


6/20

Cat ite 2 Microio#ogy

4inger in+ection +rom cat ite/

Anima# an! H"man Bites o+ the Han!/ American Society +or S"rgery o+ the Han!/ Accesse! &67&.76. /A0ai#a#e on htt'877/assh/org7han!care7han!2arm2in1"ries7anima#2ites

Pasteurellas'ecies99"ctinomycess'eciesPropionibacteriums'eciesBacteroidess'eciesusobacteriums'ecies

Clostridiums'ecies#olinellas'eciesPeptostreptococcuss'eciesStaphylococcuss'ecies99Streptococcus species

Cat ites a#so ty'ica##y ca"se

'"nct"re o"n!s an!contain Pasteurella multocidainao"t .&5 to :.5 o+ cases, ase## as other aeroes an!anaeroes, inc#"!ing S aureus/%;5 to ;&5 o+ cat ites ecomein+ecte!


7/20

What Is the Role of Preemptive AntimicrobialTherapy to Prevent Infection for Dog or CatBites?

Preem'ti0e ear#y antimicroia# thera'y +or


8/20

Dog an! cat ites in'e!iatric

6/ Management o+ !og ites in chi#!ren/ Cana!ian 4ami#y Physician Octoer %&6% 0o#/ .; no/ 6& 6&@-26&@

%/ hen yo"r est +rien! ites8 A note on !og an! cat ites/ Can In+ect Dis/ %&&& Se'2Oct 66).*8 %%:=%%@/


9/20

What Is the Treatment for InfectedAnimal BiteRelated Wonds?

An antimicroia# agent or agents acti0eagainst oth aeroic an! anaeroicacteria s"ch as amo$ici##in2c#a0"#anate

sho"#! e "se! )strong, mo!erate*/

Practice G"i!e#ines +or the Diagnosis an! Management o+ S?in an! So+t Tiss"e In+ections/ C#in In+ectDis/ )%&6-*!oi8 6&/6&@


10/20

Ty'es o+ o"n!

Prlent!abscess

Us"a##y 'o#ymicroia# )mi$e! aeroes an!anaeroes*

Pasteurellas'ecies are common#y iso#ate! +romoth non'"r"#ent o"n!s ith or itho"t#ym'hangitis an! +rom ascesses/

"onprlent Sta'hy#ococci, stre'tococci, 'o#ymicroia#


11/20

Antiiotic o+ choice

Antibiotics CommentAmo$ici##in2c#a0"#anate Co0ers the most #i?e#y aeroes an! anaeroes

Secon!2generationce'ha#os'orins

'#"s anaeroic co0erage )c#in!amycin ormetroni!aFo#e*

Cara'enem

Mo$io$acin

Do$ycyc#ine

SM2TMP or #e0oo$acin '#"s anaeroic co0erage )c#in!amycin ormetroni!aFo#e*

Micro#i!es a0oi! !"e to 0aria#e acti0ity againstPasteurella multocidaan! +"soacteriaPractice G"i!e#ines +or the Diagnosis an! Management o+ S?in an!

So+t Tiss"e In+ections/ C#in In+ectDis/ )%&6-*!oi8 6&/6&@


12/20

San+or! G"i!e Antimicroia# Thera'y %&6.

#ensitive ResistanceP$ canis%dog&

Ce+tria$one,Ce+"ro$ime,4#"oro("ino#one

Dic#o$aci##in,Ce'ha#e$in,C#in!amycin,Erythromycin

P$multocida%cat&

Penici##in%n!2


13/20

H"man ite

Occ#"sion ites occ"r hen the teeth ares"n? into the s?in ith s"cient +orce toreach the integrity o+ the s?in/

C#enche! Lst in1"ries occ"r

hen a c#ose! Lst im'actsanother in!i0i!"a#s teeth,#ea0ing an in1"ry o0er the!orsa# as'ect o+ the thir!,+o"rth or L+thmetacar'o'ha#angea#

)MCP* 1oints, mostc#assica##y o0er the thir!


14/20

$cclsive bites

Occ"r hen thereis s"cient +orceto rea? the s?in/

Han!s ha0e ahigher in+ectionrate than simi#arites to other'arts o+ the o!yeca"se o+ thethinness o+ the

s?in in this area/


15/20

Clenched%&st in'ry

most common ,greater c#inica#signiLcance/

sma## o"n!, "s"a##y


16/20

H"man ite2 Microio#ogy Etio#ogy

Eikenella corrodens2


17/20

Antiiotic o+ choiceAntibiotics Comment

IDSA Amo$ici##in2c#a0"#anate

UnasynErta'enam

Ci'roo$acin '#"s Metroni!aFo#e Hy'ersensiti0itytoQ2#actams

Re0oo$acin '#"s Metroni!aFo#e

Mo$io$acin

NAG Amo$ici##in2c#a0"#anate

C#in!amycin Ci'roo$acin Hy'ersensiti0itytoQ2#actams

C#in!amycin Bactrim

San+or! Amo$ici##in2c#a0"#anate Ear#y, not yetin+ecte!

IJ Unasyn, TaFocinCara'enem can e "se! i+ IJ isre("ire!

Rater, sign o+in+ection

Practice G"i!e#ines +or the Diagnosis an! Management o+ S?in an! So+t Tiss"e In+ections/ C#in In+ect Dis/ )%&6-*!oi8 6&/6&@


18/20


19/20

Dose in San+or! G"i!e

Animal

(irst choice Alternative

Dog PO A"gmentin ;:.76%.mgBD or.&&76%. mg TDS

Adlt)PO C#in!amycin


20/20

Conc#"sion

Antiiotic 'ro'hy#a$is is arrante! i+ the o"n! is e#ie0e! to e at higher ris? +orin+ection )eg, signiLcant contamination is 'resent one, ten!on, or 1oint s'ace isin0o#0e! the ite is on the han! !ee' '"nct"re o"n!s are 'resent or itesocc"rring in high2ris? 'atients*/

The c#inician sho"#! e aare that the In+ectio"s Diseases Society o+ America )IDSA*c#inica# 'ractice g"i!e#ines state that a## h"man ite o"n!s re("ire antiiotic'ro'hy#a$is/

Hoe0er, a #arge c#inica# tria# shoe! that 'ro'hy#a$is o+ h"man ites that !o not'enetrate the e'i!erma# #ayer or are not in high2ris? areas is 'roa#y "nnecessary

C#o$aci##in, Ce'ha#e$in

Antibiotic Use in Dog, Cat and Human

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