SEMINAR PRESENTATION

TOPIC : ANTI TAMPER ENERGY METER

BY : SANCHITA DWIVEDI

EN – IIIrd YEAR

ROLL NO : 0202921043

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

ANTI TAMPERANTI TAMPER ENERGY METERENERGY METER

ETHICAL CODE TECHNICAL ASPECTETHICAL CODE TECHNICAL ASPECT

RED ALERT !RED ALERT !

ELECTRICITY / ENERGY THEFTELECTRICITY / ENERGY THEFT

1) Stealing by means of illegal / 1) Stealing by means of illegal / unlawful connections from the unlawful connections from the

main supply.main supply.

2) By tampering with the meter 2) By tampering with the meter readings i.e. readings i.e. meter tamperingmeter tampering ..

WHAT CAN WE DO TO WHAT CAN WE DO TO PREVENT ENERGY THEFT ?PREVENT ENERGY THEFT ?

1) 1) BE ALERTBE ALERT : :

Keep your eyes and ears open Keep your eyes and ears open and alert the authorities if you happen to and alert the authorities if you happen to come across any illegal connection , come across any illegal connection , provided you aren’t going for one !provided you aren’t going for one !

2) 2) GET SMARTGET SMART !! Use Use Anti Tamper Energy Anti Tamper Energy

Meters Meters ..

WHAT IS AN ENERGY METER ?WHAT IS AN ENERGY METER ?

TYPES :TYPES :

(a) Electrolytic Meters(a) Electrolytic Meters (b)(b) Motor MetersMotor Meters (c)(c) Clock MetersClock Meters

These meters essentially consist of the These meters essentially consist of the following parts :following parts :

i) An Operating System : To develop thei) An Operating System : To develop the. . DRIVING TORQUEDRIVING TORQUE ii) A Braking Device : To produce a ii) A Braking Device : To produce a

BRAKING TORQUEBRAKING TORQUE . .iii) A device for registering the number of iii) A device for registering the number of

revolutions made by the rotating elementrevolutions made by the rotating element..

INDUCTION TYPE ENERGY INDUCTION TYPE ENERGY METERMETER

INDUCTION TYPE ENERGY METERINDUCTION TYPE ENERGY METEREssentially consists of :Essentially consists of :

(a) (a) DRIVING SYSTEMDRIVING SYSTEM :: Comprises two Comprises two electromagnets called the electromagnets called the

SHUNT MAGNETSHUNT MAGNET

SERIES MAGNETSERIES MAGNET

(b) (b) MOVING SYSTEMMOVING SYSTEM : : Consists of a rotating Consists of a rotating Aluminium DiscAluminium Disc mounted on a vertical spindle & mounted on a vertical spindle & supported on a sapphire cup contained in a bottom bearing supported on a sapphire cup contained in a bottom bearing screw .screw .

(c) (c) BRAKING SYSTEMBRAKING SYSTEM : : Consist of a permanent Consist of a permanent magnet called themagnet called the BREAK MAGNETBREAK MAGNET ..

(d) (d) REGISTERING/COUNTING SYSTEMREGISTERING/COUNTING SYSTEM : : Consists of a train of gears driven by a Consists of a train of gears driven by a pinion gearpinion gear on the on the disc shaft which turns pointers & indicates on the dial disc shaft which turns pointers & indicates on the dial ,,the the number of times the disc has turnednumber of times the disc has turned . .

INDUCTION TYPE ENERGY METERINDUCTION TYPE ENERGY METEREssentially consists of :Essentially consists of :

(a) (a) DRIVING SYSTEMDRIVING SYSTEM :: Comprises two Comprises two electromagnets called the electromagnets called the

SHUNT MAGNETSHUNT MAGNET

SERIES MAGNETSERIES MAGNET

(b) (b) MOVING SYSTEMMOVING SYSTEM : : Consists of a rotating Consists of a rotating Aluminium DiscAluminium Disc mounted on a vertical spindle & mounted on a vertical spindle & supported on a sapphire cup contained in a bottom bearing supported on a sapphire cup contained in a bottom bearing screw .screw .

(c) (c) BRAKING SYSTEMBRAKING SYSTEM : : Consist of a permanent Consist of a permanent magnet called themagnet called the BREAK MAGNETBREAK MAGNET ..

(d) (d) REGISTERING/COUNTING SYSTEMREGISTERING/COUNTING SYSTEM : : Consists of a train of gears driven by a Consists of a train of gears driven by a pinion gearpinion gear on the on the disc shaft which turns pointers & indicates on the dial disc shaft which turns pointers & indicates on the dial ,,the the number of times the disc has turnednumber of times the disc has turned . .

WHAT ARE THE MOST COMMON WHAT ARE THE MOST COMMON TAMPERING CONDITIONS AND TAMPERING CONDITIONS AND HOW CAN THEY BE DETECTED HOW CAN THEY BE DETECTED AND SUBSEQUENTLY KILLED ?AND SUBSEQUENTLY KILLED ?

i)i) Earth Fault ConditionsEarth Fault Conditions

ii) Missing Neutral Conditionsii) Missing Neutral Conditions

iii) Reverse Power Conditionsiii) Reverse Power Conditions

NORMAL SINGLE PHASE NORMAL SINGLE PHASE 2-WIRE CONNECTION2-WIRE CONNECTION

EARTH FAULT EARTH FAULT CONDITIONCONDITION

EARTH FAULT CONDITIONEARTH FAULT CONDITION

CONTINUEDCONTINUED…..….. Results in mismatch b/w the phase & neutral Results in mismatch b/w the phase & neutral currents currents .. Load is connected to the earth Load is connected to the earth .. Phase & neutral wires are swapped Phase & neutral wires are swapped .. ADE7751 ADE7751 , , ADE7760 & ADE7761 indicate this ADE7760 & ADE7761 indicate this earth fault condition & allow the meter to continue earth fault condition & allow the meter to continue billing accuratelybilling accurately..

DETECTION & BILLINGDETECTION & BILLINGTo chip measures the current on both energy wiresTo chip measures the current on both energy wires –– PHASE PHASE && NEUTRAL NEUTRAL ;; & compares them & compares them ..

If they differ significantly If they differ significantly , , the chip uses the larger the chip uses the larger of the two currents to bill the energy of the two currents to bill the energy ..

MISSING NEUTRAL MISSING NEUTRAL CONDITIONCONDITION

CONTINUED……CONTINUED……

Voltage input & return current are missing Voltage input & return current are missing

- - condition is called MISSING NEUTRALcondition is called MISSING NEUTRAL.. In this condition ,power supply is provided In this condition ,power supply is provided by a separate circuitryby a separate circuitry..

DETECTION & BILLINGDETECTION & BILLING

Condition detected by continously Condition detected by continously monitoring the input voltage monitoring the input voltage .. Since no voltage input is present Since no voltage input is present ,,billing is billing is done using only the current signaldone using only the current signal ..

REVERSE POWER REVERSE POWER CONDITIONCONDITION

Phase & neutral are wired to wrong Phase & neutral are wired to wrong inputs inputs .. Current flows in the opposite direction of Current flows in the opposite direction of the norm the norm ..

DETECTION & BILLINGDETECTION & BILLING

Single phase pulsed output Energy Meter Single phase pulsed output Energy Meter continues to bill accurately & also indicates continues to bill accurately & also indicates to show that it is reverse power.to show that it is reverse power. Pulsed output polyphase product indicates Pulsed output polyphase product indicates if any or all of the 3-phases have reverse if any or all of the 3-phases have reverse power.power.

ADDITIONAL ANTI-TAMPER ADDITIONAL ANTI-TAMPER SAFEGUARDSSAFEGUARDS

(a) ABSOLUTE VALUE ACCUMULATION(a) ABSOLUTE VALUE ACCUMULATION Signed addition of each phase’s energy can be set to Signed addition of each phase’s energy can be set to

accumulate based on the absolute value of each accumulate based on the absolute value of each phase’s energy.phase’s energy.

This option is configured digitally through the serial This option is configured digitally through the serial port interface of the ADE7754 or ADE7758 port interface of the ADE7754 or ADE7758 ..The The ADE7752 has logic input to configure absolute value ADE7752 has logic input to configure absolute value accumulation accumulation ..

(b) MAGNETIC INTERFERENCE(b) MAGNETIC INTERFERENCE Large magnetic fields can cause mechanical failures.Large magnetic fields can cause mechanical failures. Installing electronic meters with LCD displays helps Installing electronic meters with LCD displays helps

avoid losses due to this type of tamperingavoid losses due to this type of tampering.. ICs can be interfaced to a microprocessor to create ICs can be interfaced to a microprocessor to create

robust LCD display energy metersrobust LCD display energy meters..

ANTI TAMPER FEATURES

PULSED OUTPUT

ADE7751 ADE7755 ADE7757 ADE7760 ADE7761 ADE7752

Reverse power detection

* * * * * *

Reverse power billing

* * * * * *

Absolute value accumulation

*

Missing neutral condition

*

Missing neutral billing

*

Earth fault condition detection

* * * *

Earth fault condition billing

* *

SELECTION GUIDE : PULSED OUTPUT

Single phase

 

ADE7751 H/w calibration+anti tamper(watt only)

 

ADE7757 H/w calibration+(watt only

ADE7757 H/w calibration+(watt only)with integrated oscillator

ADE7760 H/wcalibration+anti tamper(watt

only)with integrated oscillator

ADE7761 H/w caliration+anti tamper(watt only)with integrated

oscillator+missing neutral billing

Poly phase ADE7752 H/w calibration(way only)

SELECTION GUIDE :SERIAL-PORT-INTERFACE

Single phase ADE7753 S/w calibration(watt+VA+VAR+Vrms+Irms)with di/dt integrator

ADE7756 S/w calibration +(watt only

ADE7759 S/w calibration+(watt only)with di/dt integrator

ADE7759 S/w calibration+(watt+VA+Vrms+Irms)with di/dt integrator

Poly phase ADE7754

ADE7785

S/w calibration watt(watt+VA+Vrms+Irms)

S/w calibration(per phase watt+VA+VAR+Vrms+Irms)with di/dt integrator

CONTINUED……..

SERIAL PORT INTERFACING

ADE7751 ADE7755 ADE7757A ADE7760 ADE7761 ADE7752

Reverse power detection

* * * *

Signed energy registers

* * * * * *

Absolute value accumulation

* *

SOME ADDITIONAL INFORMATIONSOME ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Greater efficiency & reduction in number of components by Greater efficiency & reduction in number of components by choosing chips that feature second-order sigma-delta ACDs & an choosing chips that feature second-order sigma-delta ACDs & an internal oscillator .internal oscillator . ADE7760 & ADE771 have low anti-tamper theshold of 6.25% ,half ADE7760 & ADE771 have low anti-tamper theshold of 6.25% ,half that of comparable solutions ,enabling more precious readings that of comparable solutions ,enabling more precious readings during Earth fault tamper conditions .during Earth fault tamper conditions . The missing neutral mode can be calibrated in the ADE7761 by The missing neutral mode can be calibrated in the ADE7761 by adjusting a DC analog input during manufacturing of the meter.adjusting a DC analog input during manufacturing of the meter. ADE7760 & ADE7761 provide highly accurate active energy ADE7760 & ADE7761 provide highly accurate active energy measurements with < 0.1% gain error over a current dynamic measurements with < 0.1% gain error over a current dynamic range of 500:1 .range of 500:1 . Can operate over a range of 40`C to 85`C .Can operate over a range of 40`C to 85`C . Walt hour pulse o/ps from both devices allow direct interface to Walt hour pulse o/ps from both devices allow direct interface to stepper motor display .stepper motor display . They are pin to pin compatible .They are pin to pin compatible . Chips are designed to ensure that the meter is able to operate Chips are designed to ensure that the meter is able to operate under most adverse tamper conditions .under most adverse tamper conditions . All possible measurements including active ,reactive & apparent All possible measurements including active ,reactive & apparent energy can be performed in more sophisticated devices .energy can be performed in more sophisticated devices .

APPLICATIONSAPPLICATIONS

SINGLE PHASE METERS

Our line of electronic and electomechanical single phase meters give you a choice of cost-effective meters for measuring kilowatt-hour energy usage.

provide a cost-effective solution for tariff applications

A100 - ADVANCED DOMESTIC METERING

provides comprehensive tariff structure with the very latest in design of solid state electricity metering

A120/A140 ELECTRONIC SINGLE PHASE METER

CONTINUEDCONTINUED…………

A1520 ALPHA (ARM500) METER

AB1 SINGLE PHASE METER

E100 (SCORPION) METER

E110 (ME21/NE21) METERS

Meter for railway applications

A Elster Electricity's electromechanical meter is the most cost-effective meter for measuring kilowatt-hour energy usage

characteristics remain unaltered in the most adverse operational and environmental conditions

These modern, lightweight meters feature a number of improvements in component and enclosure design, creating a precision and stable instrument with special anti-tampering characteristics.

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

Anti tamper energy meters have brought about a revolution in Anti tamper energy meters have brought about a revolution in energy production & energy consumption practices .energy production & energy consumption practices .

There are various There are various advantagesadvantages which have been listed below which have been listed below ::   Detect tamper conditions Detect tamper conditions .. Continue billing uninterrupted Continue billing uninterrupted .. Have put an end to energy theft (to a certain extent) Have put an end to energy theft (to a certain extent) .. Are much more convenient to use than their Are much more convenient to use than their electromechanical counterparts electromechanical counterparts .. Are more efficient than electromechanical energy meters Are more efficient than electromechanical energy meters .. Are easier to maintain Are easier to maintain .. Are not easily damaged by strong magnetic fields Are not easily damaged by strong magnetic fields ..

In short , it is not just a great technical find but can be termed as weapon to curb the malpractice of energy theft presently prevalent in the power sector.Hence it also acts as an ethical code enforcer which keeps illegal and unlawful activities associated with the energy sector in check to an extent .

THANK YOU !

ANY QUERIES ? ? ?