Anthropometry Calculations in Nutrition

Nutrition: NURS 1115

ConversionLarge Unit Small Unit

1 inch 2.54 cm

1kg 2.2 lbs

1 foot 12 inches

1 kcal 4.184 kj

1 m 100 cm

NB: From a larger unit to a smaller unit multiple.From a smaller unit to a larger unit divide.

BMI calculationsWeight (kg)/Height(m2)

John weighs 5 kg and is .5 m tall. What is his BMI?

Answer= 5/ .5 * .5= 5/ 0.25= 20kg/m2

BMI calculationsWeight(lbs)/ Height (inches2) * 703Peter weighs 180 lbs and is six feet tall.

Calculate his BMI?Answer

=180/ (72 *72)* 703= 180/5184 * 703= 0.0347* 703=24.39 lbs/inches2

http://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/adult_bmi/index.html

Caloric Requirements- BMRHarris Benedict FormulaWomen: BMR = 655 + ( 9.6 x weight in

kilos ) + ( 1.8 x height in cm ) - ( 4.7 x age in years )

Men: BMR = 66 + ( 13.7 x weight in kilos ) + ( 5 x height in cm ) - ( 6.8 x age in years )

Calculating BMR for Women: An Example20 year old Shuana weighs 54kg, and is 1.2 m

tall. Calculate her BMR.BMR= 655+ (9.6 * 54) + (1.8 * 120) – (4.7 *

20)655+ (518.4)+(216)- (94)= 1389.4-94=1295.4 calories

Calculating BMR for Men: An Example22 year old Shuan weighs 68kg, and is 1.6 m

tall. Calculate his BMR.BMR= 66 + (13.7 x 68) + (5 x 160) - (6.8 x

22)= 66+ (931.6)+ (800)-(149.6)=1797.6-149.6=1648 calcories

Calculating Physical Activity LevelTotal daily energy expenditure (TDEE)/ Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

Category PAL DescriptionSedentary 1.2 (little or no exercise, desk job)

Lightly active 1.375 (light exercise/sports 1-3 days/wk)

Moderately active 1.55 (moderate exercise/sports 3-5 days/wk)

Very active 1.725 (hard exercise/sports 6-7 days/wk)

Extra Active 1.9 (hard daily exercise/sports & physical job or2 X day training, marathon, football camp,contest, etc.)

Calculating Physical Activity LevelIf Sharon total energy expenditure for the

last 24 hours is 1836.5 kcal and her BMR is 1479.8 kcal what is her PAL? Categorise her PAL.

PAL= TDEE/BMR= 1836.5/1479.8= 1.24PAL category: Low active

Calculating Total Daily Energy Requirement Caloric Requirement- BMR * PALShari has a BMR of 1524 kcal/day and is moderately active. How much calories must she take in per day to meet her caloric requirementsTER= 1524*1.55= 2362.22 kcal

Atwater factorsMacronutrients and Alcohol Energy contributionProtein 4 kcal/gCarbohydrate 4 kcal/gFat 9 kcal/gAlcohol 7 kcal/g

Calculating energy contributions- Macronutrients

Each 2gram dumpling consists of 0.5 g of carb and 0.3 g of protein and 0.1 g of fat.

Kerry consumes 3 ½ dumplings, 2 grams of salt fish prepared in 2.25 grams of oil.

She drinks a bottle of “Sprout juice” which reads 25 grams of carbs and 30 grams of protein, and total fat is 13g per serving.

Calculating energy contributions- MacronutrientsEach bottle contains 1.5 servings.

Calculate the number of calories Kerry receives from fat, carbohydrates, and protein and the total caloric intake for that meal.

Energy from carbohydratesAnswer

Carb= 3.5 * 0.5 from dumpling= 1.75 gFrom juice= 25 * 1.5= 37.5 gAdd all carbs consumed= 1.75 + 37.5= 39.25 gEnergy from carb= 39.25g * 4kcal/ 1 g= 157 kcal/g

Energy from FatsFat from dumpling= 3.5 * 0.1= 0.35gFat from oil= 2.25 gFat from juice= 13gAdd all the fat contribution= 0.35g + 2.25g+

13g= 15.6gEnergy from fat = 15.6g * 9kcal/1 g= 140.4

kcal

Energy from ProteinProtein from dumpling = 3.5 * 0.3g= 1.05gProtein from juice = 30g* 1.5= 45gAdd all the protein contribution= 1.05g + 45

g= 46.05gEnergy from Protein= 46.05g * 4Kcal/1 g=

184.2 kcal

Total Energy consumedTotal energy consumed= sum of fat, protein

and carbohydrate energy contribution= 184.2kcal+ 140.4 kcal+ 157kcal= 481.6 kcal

Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) for adults

Step 1. BMI Score 0= > 20 1= 18.5 -20.0 2=< 18.5Step 2. Unplanned weight loss score 0=<5% 1= 5-10% 2=>10%

MUSTIf wt or ht cannot be established, use

documented or recalled values.

If none of the values can be obtained: Use clinical impression (very thin, thin,

obese) and mid-upper arm circumference (<23.5 cm- thin) & (>32 cm = obese)

MUSTWt change: clothes, jewelry loose-fitting =wt

loss, or too tight=wt gain

History of decreased food intake, loss of appetite or dysphagia over 3-6 months

MUSTUnderlying disease or psychosocial/physical

disabilities likely to cause wt change

Acute disease with negligible intake

MUSTStep 3. Acute disease score: 2 = none or negligible intake for >5 days

Step 4. Add the scores to calculate overall risk of malnutrition0 = low risk: routine clinical care1 = medium risk: observe2 or more= high risk: treat

Calculations of MUST scoreJemma is 20 years old and weighed 45kg last

month and now weighs 41 kg. He is 155 cm tall. He has had little appetite for the last month and has stage 3 cancer. Calculate his MUST score.

Step 1BMI= 45/1.55 * 1.55=45/2.402518.73kg/m2

Calculations of MUST scoreStep 2

Percentage weight loss: Current percentage of usual weight- 41/45 *100= 91.11Percentage weight loss- 100- 91.11= 8.89 %

Step 3Disease score= 2

Step 4 compute the scoresBMI score= 1Weight loss score= 1Disease score= 2Total score= 4

RecommendationHigh Risk-Treat

Calculating Waist Hip RatioWaist (unit)/hip (unit)NB units must be the sameWHR is the ratio of the circumference of the

waist to that of the hipRecommendationsWHO STEPS states that abdominal obesity is

defined as a waist–hip ratio above 0.90 for males and above 0.85 for females and increased cardiovascular risk

Calculating Waist Hip RatioFreta has a waist circumference of 32 cm and

a hip circumference of 14.96 inWhat is her WHR and your recommendations

for her?WHR = WC/HC in same unit

Convert HC- cm= 14.96 in* 2.54cm/ 1 in= 38 cm

Divide WC by HC=32/38= 0.84Low cardiovascular risk (normal)

Caloric intake from IV administrationNurse Joy is caring for critically ill Koju. Koju is ordered to receive 20% DW in 500 mls and 1L requirement.How many calories is Koju receiving daily? How many

bags of fluid are needed to meet a requirement of 1600 kcal?

Volume of Dextrose in 500ml bag- 20/100 * 500= 100mls 1ml = 1g Thus 100mls dextrose = 100g dextroseNumber of calories provided by each bag of DW= volume

of dextrose per * 4kcal= 100 * 4kcal= 400kcalNumber of calories in 1L= conversion of L= mls1L = 1000mls

Caloric intake from IV administrationNumber of 500ml bag in 1L= 1000/500= 2Multiply number of bags by kcals per bag= 2* 400kcal=

800 kcalsAnswer to number of calories that Koju is receiving

daily= 800 kcals

Ques 2.- Bags of fluid needed to meet 1600 kcal requirement

Divide TEE by calories per bag= 1600kcal/ 400kcal *1 bag= 4 bags

Convert bags to mls= 1 bag = 500mlsThus 4 bags = 500 mls* 4bags/ 1 ml= 2000mls Convert to L= 2000ml/ 1000ml * 1L= 2L

Caloric Intake_ MacronutrientsSquare has a TEE of 1850 kcal per day?

What is the expected contribution of the three macronutrients; using the ratio of carbs – 55%, protein- 30%, fats- 15%.

Carb= 1850* 55/100= 1017.5 kcalProtein= 1850 * 30/100= 555 kcalFats= 1850 * 15/100= 277.5 kcalTotal= ( 1017.5 + 555 + 277.5) kcal= 1850

Kcal

Caloric Intake_ MacronutrientsPaige has a TEE of 1920 Kcal/d? What mass of

macronutrients should she consume to meet RDA; using RDA values of 55% carb, 30% protein & 15% fats.

Mass of Carbs required for 1 dayCarb= 1920 kcal * 55/100= 1056 kcalKcal to gram= 1056/ 4 kcal * 1 g= 264 g

Mass of Protein required for 1 dayProtein= 1920* 30/100= 576 kcalKcal to gram= 576/ 4kcal * 1g= 144 g

Mass of Fats required for 1 dayFat= 1920 * 15/100= 288 kcalKcal to gram= 288/9 kcal * 1g= 32 g

Calculating Ideal weightUsual

Frame size can be estimated using wrist circumference, or elbow breadth measurement.

Growth charts and assessment of childrenJames is 6 months old and weighs 6.5 kg and

is 22 cm tall. Using the growth chart for boys identify his percentile:Weight for ageWeight for lengthLength for ageBMI for age – weight for length for ageGrowth Charts\L_A and W_A growth charts (Bo

ys).pdfGrowth Charts\W_L growth charts.pdf

ReferencesRetrieved from

http://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/adult_bmi/index.html

Xuereb, G. C. (2004). Healthy eating for better living: A manual on nutrition and HIV/AIDS for healthcare workers in the Caribbean. Cajanus, 37(4): 171-224. Retrieved from www.paho.org/cfni

Retrieved from http://www.who.int/childgrowth/en