ANSYS Maxwell + CFD + structuretechlink.cadmen.com/song/sd/20120516_4_max.pdfVibration Analysis...

© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. 101年5月16日星期三

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ANSYS Maxwell + CFD + structure

虎門科技股份有限公司

CAE事業部

李奇錄

2012 / 05 / 16


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Electrical Magnetic Fluid Mechanical Thermal Acoustic

Circuit

System

Component

ANSYS Workbench

ANSYS機電 – 系統解決方案


3

Maxwell 2-D/3-D 電磁元件

場域求解

模型生成

HFSS

ANSYS

Mechanical 熱/應力

ANSYS CFD Fluent

PExprt 磁力

RMxprt 馬達設計

Maxwell 設計流程 – 場域耦合


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ANSYS Multiphysics Workflow

FE Motor Analysis • Efficiency • Inductance, Torque • Optimization

Analytical Motor Design • Geometry • Winding • Materials

CFD Analysis • Temp Distribution • External Cooling

Thermal FE Analysis • Temp Distribution

Structural Analysis • Stress • Deformation

Vibration Analysis • Modal • Harmonic

AutoSetup For FEA

Losses

Convective Coefficients

EM Losses Temp. Feedback

Electromagnetic Forces

Electromagnetic Force - FFT

Temperature

Temp.


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ANSYS Multiphysics Simulation Example

• From electromagnetic fields to heat, cooling, and stress

Electromagnetic field Thermo-fluid

Heat transfer

Stress


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•Resistance loss – Copper loss

– Eddy current loss

– Stray load loss

•Magnetic loss – Hysteresis loss

•Mechanical loss – Friction loss

– Windage loss

•Coil – Copper Stranded loss

– Stray load loss

•Electrical steel sheet (core) – Hysteresis loss

– Eddy current loss

•Permanent magnet – Eddy current loss

•Other – Friction loss

– Windage loss

Loss of Motors

Classified by loss causes Classified by parts


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Coupled Thermal Analysis


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Loss Mapping and Thermal Analysis


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馬達噪音


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Introduction

• Low noise regulation

– Aimed at reduction in noise pollution

• Comfort Criteria

– Noise causes discomfort and fatigue

– Noise suppression demonstrates technological/marketing edge

• Component Failure

– Sensitivity of structure to acoustic resonances

• The above Applies to many Industry sectors:

– Transportation, Power, Environmental, Building services


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• 在電機中噪聲和振動有許多來源.

• ANSYS 提供了優良的電機設計和分析能力： :

– 電磁性能

– 電氣驅動性能

– 結構分析

– 熱分析

– 聲學分析

• ANSYS 耦合技術允許映射

電磁力於多物理場域分析

簡介


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Noise Sources [1]

Magnetic

Radial

Slot Harmonics

Magnetic Unbalance

Mechanical

Self

Stator

Modes of Vibration

Rotor

Bearings Balancing

Dynamic Eccentricity

Unbalanced Rotor

Elliptical Rotor Surface

Static Eccentricity

Auxiliaries Load Induced

Couplings

Foundation

Aerodynamic

Fluid Cooling Phenomena

Electronic

Switching Harmonics

[1] P. Vigayraghavan, R. Krishnan, “Noise in Electric Machines: A Review,” IEEE, 1998

Audible Frequencies

20 Hz 20 kHz 5 kHz 261.63 Hz 60 Hz 4.186kHz


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• ANSYS Machine Design Methodology

– RMxprt：計算額定機械性能

– Maxwell：在時域計算磁有限元分析

– Simplorer：耦合RMxprt及 Maxwell協同模擬驅動設計.

電磁設計與分析

0

IGBT3

IGBT2

D10

D11

D8

IGBT1

IGBT4

IGBT5D7

D12

D9

IGBT6

SINE2SINE1 SINE3

TRIANG1

+

VV

M1

E1

E2

RphaseA

RphaseB

RphaseC

w+

V_ROTB1

PhaseA_in

PhaseB_in

PhaseC_in

MotionSetup1_in

PhaseA_out

PhaseB_out

PhaseC_out

MotionSetup1_out


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Maxwell – Simplorer 模擬模型 2D IPM (Interior Permanent Magnet) motor model created from RMxprt and Maxwell UDP (User Defined Primitive) for rotor

• 4 pole, 1500 RPM, 220 Volt DC bus. • Two Control Strategies used:

• 6 step inverter – In Maxwell • PWM current regulated – Cosimulation

Maxwell with Simplorer

0

0

LPhaseA

LPhaseB

LPhaseC

2.00694ohm

RA

2.00694ohm

RB

2.00694ohm

RC

0.000512893H*Kle

LA

0.000512893H*Kle

LB

0.000512893H*Kle

LC

LabelID=VIA

LabelID=VIB

LabelID=VIC

+ -11VLabelID=V14

+ -11VLabelID=V15

+ -11VLabelID=V16

+ -11VLabelID=V17

+ -11VLabelID=V18

+ -11VLabelID=V19

100ohm

R20

100ohm

R21

100ohm

R22

100ohm

R23

100ohm

R24

100ohm

R25

LabelID=IVc1 LabelID=IVc2 LabelID=IVc3 LabelID=IVc4 LabelID=IVc5 LabelID=IVc6

-

+ 110VLabelID=V32

-

+ 110VLabelID=V33

D34

D35

D36

D37

D38

D39

D40

D41

D42

D43

D44

D45

V

S_46

V

S_47

V

S_48

V

S_49

V

S_50

V

S_51

Model

DModel1

ModelV

SModel1

0

IGBT3

IGBT2

D10

D11

D8

IGBT1

IGBT4

IGBT5D7

D12

D9

IGBT6

SINE2SINE1 SINE3

TRIANG1

+

VV

M1

E1

E2

RphaseA

RphaseB

RphaseC

w+

V_ROTB1

PhaseA_in

PhaseB_in

PhaseC_in

MotionSetup1_in

PhaseA_out

PhaseB_out

PhaseC_out

MotionSetup1_out

20.00 22.50 25.00 27.50 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00Time [ms]

-1.10

-1.00

-0.38

0.25

0.88

1.10

Y1

Basic_Inverter1Sine Triangle ANSOFT

Curve Info

SINE1.VALTR

SINE2.VALTR

SINE3.VALTR

TRIANG1.VALTR


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Maxwell – Simplorer 模擬模型

20.00 22.50 25.00 27.50 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00Time [ms]

-20.00

-15.00

-10.00

-5.00

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

Y1

[A

]

SAS IP, Inc. Basic_Inverter1Currents ANSOFT

Curve Info

RphaseA.ITR

RphaseB.ITR

RphaseC.ITR

20.00 22.50 25.00 27.50 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00Time [ms]

0.00

2.50

5.00

7.50

10.00

12.50

15.00

FE

A1

.TO

RQ

UE

SAS IP, Inc. Basic_Inverter1Torque ANSOFT

Curve Info

FEA1.TORQUETR


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力的計算

• 用氣隙磁通密度計算力

• Maxwell Stress Tensor – Force calculation at a point on the stator.

– Force on a line in the airgap

– Force on a line co-linear with the stator tooth

• Edge Force Density – Default field quantity available in Maxwell

– Can be used for creating lumped force calculations on tooth tips

• Automatic Force mapping from Maxwell to ANSYS Mechanical. (2D-2D, 2D-3D, 3D-3D)


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Edge Force Density in Maxwell

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00Time [ms]

-250.00

-200.00

-150.00

-100.00

-50.00

-0.00

50.00

Fo

rce

(N

ew

ton

s)

02_DC-6step_IPMRadial Force on Tooth Tips ANSOFT

Curve Info

ExprCache(ToothTipRadial_Full1)

ExprCache(ToothTipRadial_2)





0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00Time [ms]

-30.00

-25.00

-20.00

-15.00

-10.00

-5.00

0.00

5.00

10.00

Fo

rce

(N

ew

ton

s)

02_DC-6step_IPMTangential Force on Tooth Tips ANSOFT

Curve Info

ExprCache(ToothTipTangent_Full1)

ExprCache(ToothTipTangent_2)






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偏心模型

Right Side Tooth

Left Side Tooth


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偏心之電磁力的參數研究

• 轉子偏移 0%, 25%, 50%

• 可用多核心求解模型

• 呈現: 於右方齒型上之徑向力

• FFT of 徑向力


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邊端受力密度, 50% 偏心


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50% 偏心: 徑向和切線力在左邊及右邊

20.00 22.50 25.00 27.50 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00Time [ms]

-300.00

-250.00

-200.00

-150.00

-100.00

-50.00

0.00

Forc

e (

N)

Radial Tooth Tip Forces ANSOFT

Curve Info

Radial Force Small Gap

Radial Force Large Gap

20.00 22.50 25.00 27.50 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00Time [ms]

-30.00

-25.00

-20.00

-15.00

-10.00

-5.00

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

Forc

e (

N)

Tangential Tooth Tip Forces ANSOFT

Curve Info

Tangential Force Small Gap

Tangential Force Large Gap


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ANSYS Force Mapping


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• Direct Force Mapping

– Electromagnetic forces from Maxwell to

Mechanical by linking systems in Workbench

– Transient Analysis for Stress prediction

Force Mapping


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– Case 1: 0% Eccentricity

• No misalignment

– Case 2: 50 % Eccentricity

• Eccentricity amount is set to

50% of gap width

• Creates unbalanced

electromagnetic forces

Direct Force Mapping

Scenario: Study the effect of Rotor Eccentricity

Peak Edge Force Density 1.5e6 N/m2

Peak Edge Force Density 1.9e6 N/m2


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Directional Deformation Radial

• Case 1 0% Eccentricity

• Case 2 50 % Eccentricity

Max Deformation vs time


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Von Misses Stress

• Case 1 0% Eccentricity

• Case 2 50 % Eccentricity

Max Stresses vs time


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ANSYS Harmonic Analysis


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模態分析：共振頻率

Mode #1, 8502 Hz Mode #2, 8708 Hz Mode #3, 8708 Hz

Mode #4, 9080 Hz

前四個自然頻率，相應的模式形狀


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• 確保可以在不同頻率的正弦負載的設計

• 必須要可避免共振響應

• 確認聲音響應

Boundary Conditions

Input Forces

Appling harmonic forces from Maxwell into ANSYS Mechanical

Why Harmonic Analysis


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Harmonic Response – Bode plot

Helps determine that Max Amplitude (1.7mm) occurs at 8710 Hz on the selected vertex

Frequency response at a selected node location of the model.


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Amplitude distribution of the displacements at a specific frequency,

Deformation plot at 8710 Hz

Harmonic Response – Contour plot


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ANSYS Acoustics


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ANSYS中的聲學功能

• 聲學研究為聲波在介質中的產生、傳播、吸收、反射.

• 聲學問題可以認定義為：

– Vibro-Acoustics: 結構產生的聲音 (ANSYS Mechanical)

– Aero-Acoustics : 空氣動力學產生的聲音 (ANSYS CFD)


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Modeling Aero-Acoustics (ANSYS CFD)

• Free-Space Problem with no solid surfaces:

– sound generated from turbulence, jet noise

• Free-Space Problem with solid surfaces:

– Fan noise, airframe noise, rotor noise, boundary layer noise, cavity noise

• Interior problem:

• Duct noise, mufflers, ducted fan noise

Sound pressure fluctuations


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Vibro-Acoustics (ANSYS Mechanical)

Computing the acoustic field radiated by a vibrating structure

• Structure modeled in ANSYS Mechanical where vibration patterns are calculated (Modal, Harmonic Analysis). Applied loads are obtained from Maxwell.

• Vibration patterns used as boundary conditions to compute acoustic field radiated by structure (ANSYS MAPDL, ANSYS Acoustic Structures-ACTRAN)


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Acoustic Analysis – Pressure Plot


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Acoustic Analysis – Pressure Plot

0.5 m

Pres_1 Pres_2 Pres_3

Freq(Hz)

Pre

ssu

re (

Pa)

Pressure vs Freq


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Appendix: ANSYS 14版場域映射能力

Maxwell 2D/3D ANSYS Static/Transient Structural(Two-Way Link)

ANSYS Static/Transient Structural One-Way Link (Maxwell upstream)

Electrostatic

Magnetostatic

Eddy Current

Magnetic Transient

Electric Transient

Maxwell 2D/3D ANSYS Static/Transient Thermal Two-Way Link

ANSYS Static/Transient Thermal One-Way Link (Maxwell upstream)

Electrostatic

Magnetostatic

Eddy Current

Magnetic Transient

Electric Transient


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Appendix: ANSYS 14版場域映射能力

Maxwell 2D/3D Fluent Steady State (Thermal link) Two-Way Link

Fluent Transient (Thermal link)

One-Way Link (Maxwell upstream)

Electrostatic

Magnetostatic

Eddy Current

Magnetic Transient

Electric Transient


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Thank You

ANSYS Maxwell + CFD + structuretechlink.cadmen.com/song/sd/20120516_4_max.pdfVibration Analysis...

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