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The Autonomic

Nervous System in The

Head & Neck

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NervousNervous

TissueTissue

CNSCNS PNSPNS

BrainBrain Spinal CordSpinal CordSomaticSomatic

(under control)

AutonomicAutonomic(no conscious

control)

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Autonomic Nervous SystemAutonomic Nervous System

Sympathetic (fromsympathy)

under dangeroussituations & stress

(Fight-or-Flightresponse)

Parasympatheticunder normal

situations & relaxation

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Anatomically

1. Preganglionic Neuronsfrom CNS autonomic ganglia,myelinated

2. Autonomic Gangliaganglion: aggregation of neuronalcell bodies & supporting cells

3. Postganglionic Neuronsfrom autonomic ganglia effector tissue

unmyelinated

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Parasympathetic Ganglia in Head & NeckParasympathetic Ganglia in Head & Neck

4 ganglia

Ciliary ganglion:

constrictionofpupilbycontractionofciliaryandsphincter papillaemuscles

Pterygopalatine ganglion:

lacrimal glandsecretion

Otic ganglion: inferiortoforamen Ovale

parotid glandsecretion

Submandibular ganglion:

submand. & sublingual gland

secretions

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Roots3 roots entering the ganglion and a variablenumber of exiting branches.

The motor root carries presynaptic

parasympathetic nerve fibers that terminate inthe ganglion by synapsing the postsynapticfibers traveling to target organs.

The sympathetic root carries postsynaptic

sympathetic fibers that traverse the ganglionwithout synapsing.

The sensory root carries general sensory fibersdo not synapse in the ganglion.

Dr. Shahira Samir

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PterygopalatinePterygopalatine GanglionGanglionLocation: Pterygopalatine

fossa

Suspended by maxillary n

Pregang. Parasymp.: comefrom the greater petrosalnerve from the facial nerve

Roots

Postgang. Parasymp.:

Zygomaticotemporal of V2Lacrimal of V1

DLacrimal gland increase the

secretion of the lacrimal

gland, makes you cry :(

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PterygopalatinePterygopalatine GanglionGanglion

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Postgang. Sympathetic:

From sup. Cervical ganglion

Deep petrosal nerveJoins greater petrosal n. at foramen lacerum

To form = vidian nerve (or nerve of the pterygoid canal )

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Otic GanglionOtic GanglionLocation: inferior to foramen Ovale

and medial to the mandibular nerve

Suspended by nerve to medialpterygoid

Pregang. Parasymp.:1- IX (from Jugular foramen)2-

Tympanic n. 3- Tympanic Plexus

4- Lesser petrosal nerve 5- leavesfrom foramen ovale, then, 6- inter

the otic ganglion.

Postgang. Parasymp.:

Auriculotemporal n. to the parotidgland

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Postgang. sympathetic.:

Sup. Cervical ganglionParotid g.reduce the saliva but rich in enzymes

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Submandibular GanglionSubmandibular GanglionLocation: lat. to Hyoglossus

Suspended by Lingual nerve

Pregang. Parasymp.:

VII

chorda tympanijoins the the lingual nerve

Postgang. Parasymp:

Distributed directly to

Submand. & sublingual glands

Postgang. Sympathetic:

From sup. Cervical ganglion.

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Dr. Shahira Samir

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Dr. Shahira Samir

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Dr. Shahira Samir

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THANK YOU

Dr. Shahira Samir