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ADAPTASI PERUBAHAN IKLIM DAN KETANGGUHAN (APIK) – PY3 ANNUAL REPORT

(OCTOBER 1, 2017 – SEPTEMBER 30, 2018) 1

ANNUAL REPORT PY3 OCTOBER 1ST 2017 – SEPTEMBER 30TH 2018

USAID ADAPTASI PERUBAHAN IKLIM DAN KETANGGUHAN (APIK)

CONTRACT NO. AID-497-C-16-00003

October 2018

This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by DAI.


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ANNUAL REPORT PY3 OCTOBER 1ST 2017 – SEPTEMBER 30TH 2018 USAID ADAPTASI PERUBAHAN IKLIM DAN KETANGGUHAN (APIK)

Program Title : USAID Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim dan Ketangguhan

Sponsoring USAID Office : USAID/Indonesia Office of Environment

Contract Number : AID-497-C-16-00003

Contractor : DAI

Date of Publication : October 31, 2018

Author : DAI

Cover photo: © Enggar Paramita/USAID APIK

Left: Mr. Mardianto (red shirt), sugarcane farmer who participated in CFS with Mr. Warimun, a seed buyer from Sumber Rejo Village, Malang District. Right: Ms. Anik, leader of women farmer group (KWT) Berkah Mandiri tending her vegetable garden. The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government.


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COVER STORY

Private Sector Engagement for Economic Resilience There is no doubt that every area of industry will be impacted, and in many cases is already being impacted, by climate change. Because of this inevitable reality, businesses need to start integrating strategies to reduce the risk of climate change into their business plans. In addition, through shared value partnerships to build climate resilience, businesses can also have an important positive impact on local community resilience. APIK sees this as an important opportunity to mobilize financial resources and technical skills, engage with the wider community, as well as ensuring sustainability of resilience building actions. Additionally, successful engagement with private sector will help catalyze greater investment and encourage replication by other companies.

Throughout PY3, APIK collaborated with multiple partners such as financial institutions, state-owned energy corporation, agriculture supply companies, and seed producers. Approximately 16,100 people are benefiting from these partnership with a total value of at least US$ 8,401,887 over the next five years. Example activities include climate field schools for climate smart agriculture, improved post-harvest processing and storage, introducing more resilient crop varieties, as well as development of climate resilient chicken sheds that meet international standards.

The climate field school (CFS) for corn in Laeya sub-district, Southeast Sulawesi commenced in December 2017 with the signing of memorandum of understanding (MoU) between APIK, Bank Sultra (regional development bank), ACA Insurance, and Syngenta. Completed in June 25, 2018, the crop yields from the demonstration plots were promising, with the non-organic plot yielding 9.88 tons/hectare; and the organic plot yielding 8.39 tons/hectare. These numbers far surpassed the district’s average production of 3-4 tons/hectare. Farmers stated that, through the CFS, they learned how to access and use weather information as well as how to make organic fertilizer that helps to cut expenses. The farmers have now entered another planting season for corn and they are continuing to use the learning gained during the climate field school as well as sharing the knowledge to other farmers. From the perspective of the private sector, the strong yield resulted in a commitment from Bank Sultra to allocate loans for farmers in South Konawe District while ACA Insurance developed a new “area yield” index insurance product that will be offered in the next planting season. A training booklet was also produced on climate smart agriculture to support other farmers. Jakub Nugraha, Senior Assistant Vice President for Micro Insurance of ACA, said that, through collaboration with APIK, farmers are more aware of crop insurance instruments and risk management concepts that will help them to develop strategies for managing uncertainty as weather-related hazards pose an increasing threat to their livelihoods.

In Maluku, APIK works with PT. Pertamina TBBM Wayame and the Hausihu community working group (Pokmas Hausihu) in Morella village, Central Maluku District. The alliance provided solar dryers which will help farmers process their clove and nutmeg yield more hygienically and efficiently. Training in grafting was also provided as well as the establishment of a plant nursery to introduce new varieties of clove and nutmeg. Solar dryers are practical, environmentally friendly, and highly beneficial, so much so that other villages started to replicate the approach. Farmer in Central Maluku district utilize solar

dryers for cloves. Photo: Danan Hadi/USAID APIK


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In Blitar District, East Java, APIK collaborates with PT. Cargill Indonesia and the national association of egg farmers (Paguyuban Peternak Rakyat Nasional or PPRN) to increase the resilience of chicken farmers. The collaboration consists of construction of chicken coops aligned with biosecurity standard in two locations in Suruhwadang Village (which will also serve as learning centers for farmers in the vicinity). Additionally, farmers will learn about the impact of climate change to egg production and ways to reduce their vulnerability and protect their livelihood. The partnership was reinforced through an MoU signing on August 29, 2018 which was

witnessed by the head of Blitar District who fully supported the initiative and encouraged government agencies to contribute to the effort. The team from PT. Cargill will discuss the technical specification for building the coops with PPRN, with construction beginning in November 2018. According to PT. Cargill, the chicken coop project serves as a pilot that will be replicated in other areas. Agung Baskoro, Corporate Social Responsibility Manager of PT. Cargill Indonesia, fully supported the joint-effort. “Cargill believes that multi-partner collaboration is the key to improve smallholder egg farmers’ livelihood and prosperity. Also, this partnership helps to guarantee the supply chain while, at the same time, contributing to the country’s food security,” said Baskoro.

Another example of private sector engagement during PY3 is the involvement of the Indonesian Sugar Research Institute (Pusat Penelitian Perkebunan Gula Indonesia or P3GI) in the climate field school (CFS) for sugarcane in Malang District, East Java. P3GI served as a primary resource during the sugarcane CFS and aided in analyzing the harvest quality. The CFS was a success with the promising harvest result and higher rendement index (sucrose content). The analysis done by P3GI revealed that the sugarcane in the demonstration plot had a 14.85% rendement, higher than the usual 13.77%. Furthermore, the CFS participants became certified seed breeders and have started to develop their sense of entrepreneurship by supplying seedlings to other farmers in the sub-district. The success of the sugarcane CFS inspired PT. Paiton Operation and Maintenance Indonesia –a power generation company- to replicate the CFS approach.

Building on the success of these partnerships, APIK is now collaborating with a host on new private sector partners to enhance community preparedness and resilience, including PT. Kalla Kakao Indonesia, PT. Multi Bintang Indonesia, PT. Greenfields Indonesia, and PT. Angkasa Pura to name a few.

Representative from P3GI measure the rendement index during harvesting event. Photo: Enggar

Paramita/USAID APIK

Rofi Yasifun, head of PPRN and Agung Baskoro, Corporate Social Responsibility Manager of PT. Cargill.

Photo: Enggar Paramita/USAID APIK


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TABLE OF CONTENTS COVER STORY .......................................................................................................................................................... II

TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................................................................................................... IV

LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................................................... V

LIST OF EXHIBITS ................................................................................................................................................... VI

LIST OF ANNEXES ................................................................................................................................................. VII

LIST OF ACRONYMS ........................................................................................................................................... VIII

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................................................................... X

RINGKASAN EKSEKUTIF .................................................................................................................................... XIII

SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 1

Report Objective.................................................................................................................................................... 1

Project Overview ................................................................................................................................................... 1

Approach .................................................................................................................................................................. 2

Working Area ......................................................................................................................................................... 2

Task Structure ........................................................................................................................................................ 3

Annual Report Layout ........................................................................................................................................... 5

SECTION 2: NATIONAL LEVEL ........................................................................................................................... 6

PY3 Highlights ......................................................................................................................................................... 6

Overview .................................................................................................................................................................. 6

Summary of Focus Areas and Activities ........................................................................................................... 6

SECTION 3: SUB-NATIONAL LEVEL ................................................................................................................ 11

PY3 Highlights ....................................................................................................................................................... 11

Overview ................................................................................................................................................................ 12

1. East Java ............................................................................................................................................................. 15

2. Southeast Sulawesi .......................................................................................................................................... 26

3. Maluku ................................................................................................................................................................ 35

SECTION 4: CROSS-CUTTING .......................................................................................................................... 44

Private Sector Engagement ................................................................................................................................ 44

Resilience Fund ..................................................................................................................................................... 47

Gender Mainstreaming........................................................................................................................................ 50

Communication, Outreach, And Knowledge Management ....................................................................... 51

SECTION 5: CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED DURING THIS REPORTING PERIOD ....................... 55

SECTION 6: PERFORMANCE MONITORING ............................................................................................... 56

Performance Monitoring .................................................................................................................................... 57

SECTION 7: MOST SIGNIFICANT CHANGE ................................................................................................. 66


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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Summary of APIK High Level Result Achievements ......................................................................... X Table 2: Rangkuman Capaian High Level Result APIK ...................................................................................... XIII Table 3: Status of the Engagement with Companies in PY3 ........................................................................... 46 Table 4: Resilience Fund Grants ............................................................................................................................ 47 Table 5: Communication Materials Developed in PY3 .................................................................................... 51 Table 6: Social Media Channels Information ...................................................................................................... 53 Table 7: Challenges, Impact and Action Taken .................................................................................................. 55 Table 8: Results Tables ............................................................................................................................................ 58


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LIST OF EXHIBITS

Exhibit 1: Place-Based Resilience ............................................................................................................................ 2 Exhibit 2: APIK Geographic Working Areas ........................................................................................................ 3 Exhibit 3: Binangun Spring Location and Catchment Area in Batu ............................................................... 14 Exhibit 4: Map Detailing Activities in East Java Province ................................................................................. 16 Exhibit 5: An Example of Geotagging in Malang ................................................................................................ 19 Exhibit 6: Map Detailing Activities in Upper Brantas ....................................................................................... 21 Exhibit 7: Map Detailing Activities in Lower Brantas ....................................................................................... 25 Exhibit 8: Map Detailing Activities in Southeast Sulawesi Province .............................................................. 27 Exhibit 9: Map Detailing Wanggu Watershed Flooding Issues ..................................................................... 29 Exhibit 10: Map Detailing Activities in Kendari City ........................................................................................ 31 Exhibit 11: Map Detailing Activities in South Konawe District ..................................................................... 34 Exhibit 12: Map Detailing Activities in Maluku Province ................................................................................. 36 Exhibit 13: Map Detailing Activities in Ambon City and Lease Islands ........................................................ 40 Exhibit 14: Map Detailing Activities in Aru Islands ........................................................................................... 43 Exhibit 15. Summary of APIK Private Sector Engagement .............................................................................. 44 Exhibit 16. APIK Collaboration with Cargill and PPRN .................................................................................. 45 Exhibit 17: APIK Website Analytics ..................................................................................................................... 53 Exhibit 18: APIK Result Framework ..................................................................................................................... 56 Exhibit 19: Graph Representation of HLR Achievement to Date Against the Life of Project (LOP)

Targets .................................................................................................................................................... 57


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LIST OF ANNEXES

Annex A National Level Activities PY3

Annex B Ministry of Village Decree No. 16 2018 on Priority Allocation of Village Funds and Facilitation Guidelines on Climate Change Control in Villages

Annex C East Java Province Activities PY3

Annex D Agreement between Malang Raya Disaster Management Agencies

Annex E Southeast Sulawesi Province Activities PY3

Annex F Maluku Province Activities PY3

Annex G Report on Aru Islands Scorecard

Annex H Media Coverage PY3


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LIST OF ACRONYMS

APIK Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim dan Ketangguhan Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience

APEKSI Asosiasi Pemerintah Kota Seluruh Indonesia Association of City Governments

APKASI Asosiasi Pemerintah Kabupaten Seluruh Indonesia Association of District Governments

BAPPEDA Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Regional Development Planning Agency

BAPPENAS Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional National Development Planning Agency

BMKG Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency

BNPB Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana National Disaster Management Agency

BPBD Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah Local Disaster Management Agency CCA Climate Change Adaptation COKM Communications, Outreach, Knowledge Management CSR Corporate Social Responsibility CWIS Climate and Weather Information Services DRR Disaster Risk Reduction EWS Early Warning System FGD Focus Group Discussion FY Financial Year GIS Geographic Information System GOI The Government of Indonesia KADIN Kamar Dagang dan Industri

Indonesian Chamber of Commerce and Industry Kemendes Kementerian Desa, Pembangunan Dearah Tertinggal, dan Transmigrasi Ministry of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions and Transmigration KKP Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries KLHK Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan

Ministry of Environment and Forestry LPPM UHO Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Halu Oleo

Research and Community Service Institution University of Halu Oleo IUWASH PLUS Indonesia Urban Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene PLUS M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MoU Memorandum of Understanding NCAR National Center for Atmospheric Research NGO Non-Government Organization OPD Organisasi Perangkat Daerah Local Government Working Unit P3GI Pusat Penelitian Perkebunan Gula Indonesia


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Indonesian Sugar Research Institute PDAM Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum Water Utility Company PIC Person in Charge PIRS Performance Indicator Reference Sheet Pokja Kelompok Kerja Working Group PPRN Paguyuban Peternak Rakyat Nasional National Layer Smallholders Group PY Project Year QPR Quarterly Progress Report PSE Private Sector Engagement RAN API Rencana Aksi Nasional Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim

National Action Plan for Climate Change Adaptation RCCC UI Research Center of Climate Change University of Indonesia RPJMD Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah

Local Medium Term Development Plan SCOPI Sustainable Coffee Platform Indonesia SIDIK Sistem Informasi Data Indeks Kerentanan

Vulnerability Index Data Information System USAID United States Agency for International Development USG United States Government VA Vulnerability Assessment


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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY APIK is a climate adaptation and disaster resilience project that works at national level and in three provinces of Indonesia. The three provinces, East Java, Southeast Sulawesi and Maluku were selected because they represent distinct landscapes that are common across Indonesia, specifically a large watershed, coastal areas and small islands. APIK is working to develop resilience building strategies in these areas in partnership with government, research institutions, businesses and communities that can then be replicated across the country.

During Program Year 3 APIK made significant achievements at national and regional levels as the project built on excellent working relationships with government, communities, businesses and research institutions. Notably, during PY3 APIK began to focus more on ensuring that all the prior work carried out on integrating climate and disaster resilience into government plans and budgets started to result in meaningful resilience building actions. While APIK continues to influence new planning documents and regulations, the focus is now on ensuring those plans are implemented appropriately to build local resilience. Please see Table 1 below for a summary of APIK achievements towards the high level results (HLR). As can be seen from the table below APIK is on track to achieve high level results with the exception of HLR1, the low number of people trained so far is because APIK has focused on more intense training for government officials and community leaders which requires a lot of effort but is limited in terms of people benefitting. In PY4 APIK will provide more training directly to the wider community to ensure this target is met.

Table 1: Summary of APIK High Level Result Achievements

Indicator Overall Project

Target Achievement

As of PY3

High-Level Result 1

Number of people trained in climate change adaptation or disaster risk reduction

30,000 people 7,072 people

High-Level Result 2

Number of institutions with improved capacity to assess or address climate change and natural disaster risks

40 Institutions

65 institutions

High-Level Result 3

Number of laws, policies, regulations, or standards addressing climate change adaptation or disaster risk reduction formally proposed, adopted, or implemented

50 laws/ policies / regulations

77 laws/ policies / regulations

High-Level Result 4

Amount of investment mobilized (in USD) for climate change or disaster risk reduction as supported by USG assistance

$3,000,000

$1,247,973

High-Level Result 5

Number of people supported by the USG to adapt to the effects of climate change or be more resilient to natural disasters

30,000 people 24,290 people

High-Level Result 6

Number of people using climate information or implementing risk-reducing actions to improve resilience to climate change or natural disasters

4,000 people

1,326 people

At the national level, APIK continued to lead the process of updating and refining the national climate adaptation plan for Indonesia (RAN API). APIK continues to manage this process and contributed scientific background and studies to the plan as well as inputs from lessons learned and best practices in all APIK regions. The RAN API is now being used as input for the new National Mid Term


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Development Plan 2020 – 2024. The strong partnership and collaboration with the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK) resulted in a new ministerial regulation on standardizing vulnerability assessments (VA) based on the VA work carried out by APIK. APIK also engaged the Ministry of Villages, Disadvantaged Regions and Transmigration (Kemendes) in partnership with KLHK to develop guidelines for village funds so these funds can be used for resilience building activities. Kemendes oversees the village fund process which allocates a budget of up to $100,000 per year per village. If this budget can be used more effectively for activities that build climate and disaster resilience at community level, there is the potential for huge impact.

APIK also worked closely with the Meteorological Agency (BMKG) during PY3, kicking off the partnership with the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) from the University of Colorado to support improved seasonal forecasting. In addition, APIK developed provincial websites with BMKG in the three APIK working areas which are now being used by BMKG to provide updated weather and climate information. APIK also finalized the installation several early warning systems for flooding consisting of automatic rain gauges, stream level sensors linked to an alarm, and alert systems which feed information to BMKG as well as the Disaster Management Agencies.

Partnerships with the private sector rapidly coalesced in PY3 with five ongoing partnerships and a growing pipeline. Ongoing partnerships with PT Cargill, Pertamina, ACA Insurance, Syngenta, and Bank Sultra will leverage an estimated $8.4 million over the next five years. Initiatives include climate smart agriculture, resilience building for poultry farmers, and weather information systems.

As part of its strategy to promote inclusive resilience, APIK has supported the development of women farmer groups (KWT) and as a result of advocacy, local government agencies in East Java have committed over $122,000 to support the KWT’s through training, marketing support, access to markets and equipment. In addition APIK has carried out gender budget tagging activities in all three regions to highlight where government funds can and should be used for gender equality activities.

The APIK Communications team supported multiple events at national and sub national level and were effective at sharing information about climate and disaster resilience to local audiences. To help this three videos on APIK activities were produced. In addition, APIK’s work was covered by local online and print media a total of 98 times in PY3 highlighting for example, community level project activities and events with local government. This allows APIK to share information regarding climate and disaster resilience more broadly.

At sub national level APIK continued to influence government budgets with approximately $700,000 of government funds confirmed for resilience building activities in the three regions. Specific examples of resilience building activities include: preparation of action plans, forming disaster preparedness teams, coastal protection activities and water resource management activities. As a follow-on to the vulnerability assessments completed in PY2, APIK worked with local governments on realistic climate resilience strategies and action plans for each province, city, and district. Climate Field Schools were carried out for corn and sugar cane in Southeast Sulawesi and East Java, with a significant increase in yields for both commodities. To ensure strong community participation and sustainability, APIK works to identify ways to build local economic resilience so that people can see an immediate impact on their livelihoods through activities that build resilience. This is one of the reasons Climate Field Schools have proven to be so popular as they have resulted in increased yields and increased income for farmers as well as important business linkages to technical specialists, financial institutions, suppliers and traders.

Landscape-level collaboration and activities commenced in each province during PY3. In Malang Raya, East Java (which consists of Batu City, Malang District, and Malang City), APIK has started working on water resource management issues including vulnerability assessments, identifying specific activities


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and also meeting with government officials in Batu City and Malang City. In South Konawe District and Kendari City (Southeast Sulawesi), APIK built local government capacity in disaster management, particularly related to the flooding in Kendari City as upstream issues in South Konawe District are one of the main causes of this flooding. As a result, the local governments are now working together to develop an action plan to address this issue. On Ambon Island, Maluku, the APIK team held workshops with Central Maluku District and Ambon City governments as flooding and landslides in Central Maluku impact water supply and infrastructure in Ambon City. APIK expects the two administrations to develop a clear action plan to address these issues in PY4. In addition, as a result of the strong relationship with local government in East Java, there has been a push from Sidoarjo District in the downstream of the Brantas watershed to develop a strategic partnership with Pasaruan District (as a neighboring, upstream municipality) on flood management using the tools and approaches developed with APIK. APIK does not work in Pasaruan directly but is providing technical support and facilitating meetings between the two administrations. It is a very positive sign that this work is being expanded out of APIK working areas using government resources and in response to local demand.

APIK awarded four resilience fund grants in PY3 with a total value of USD $156,855. There were two grants in Southeast Sulawesi and one each in Maluku and East Java. The grants funded a range of activities, including conservation agriculture and climate field schools, establishing and strengthening disaster preparedness teams, and weather information systems. In addition, APIK sub contracted the manufacture and installation of early warning systems for Mojokerto, East Java to a local company.

One of the main challenges to implementation during PY3 was the change in government personnel and leadership as a result of local elections in mid-2018. To a large degree APIK was able to mitigate the impact of this change by having strong relationships and partnerships with many government officials in each administration, many of whom were not affected by the elections.

In August 2018 the APIK team held an all staff workshop to develop the work plan for PY4 with the overarching theme of Action, Impact and Legacy. During PY4 the team are looking forward to increasing direct action at community level and in particular ensuring government funds are effectively used to build resilience, that there continues to be measurable impact from APIK activities and also that sustainability is ensured through productive government and private sector partnerships.


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RINGKASAN EKSEKUTIF APIK adalah proyek adaptasi perubahan iklim dan ketangguhan bencana yang bekerja di tingkat nasional dan tiga provinsi di Indonesia. Tiga provinsi yaitu Jawa Timur, Sulawesi Tenggara, dan Maluku dipilih karena mewakili lanskap berbeda yang umum ditemui di Indonesia, khusunya daerah aliran sungai yang luas, pesisir, dan pulau-pulau kecil. APIK bekerja mengembangkan strategi membangun ketangguhan di daerah-daerah ini melalui kemitraan dengan pemerintah, lembaga penelitian, pihak swasta, dan masyarakat untuk kemudian dapat direplikasi di seluruh wilayah Indonesia.

Dalam tahun ketiga ini, APIK mencapai hasil yang signifikan baik di tingkat nasional maupun daerah sebagai hasil dari hubungan yang terjalin baik antara proyek dengan pemerintah, masyarakat, pihak swasta, dan lembaga penelitian. Khususnya, selama tahun ketiga, APIK mulai fokus pada upaya memastikan semua pekerjaan yang telah dilakukan dalam mengintegrasikan ketangguhan iklim dan bencana ke dalam perencanaan pemerintah dan anggaran mulai menghasilkan aksi membangun ketangguhan yang berarti. Sementara APIK terus memperkuat dokumen perencanaan baru dan peraturan, maka kini titik beratnya adalah memastikan rencana tersebut diimplementasikan dengan tepat untuk membangun ketangguhan lokal. Lihat Table 2 di bawah untuk ringkasan capaian APIK untuk High Level Results (HLR). Seperti dapat dilihat di tabel di bawah, APIK sudah mencapai High Level Results terkecuali HLR1, yang jumlahnya rendah karena APIK menitikberatkan pada pelatihan lebih intensif bagi staf instansi pemerintah dan tokoh masyarakat, yang membutuhkan banyak upaya namun terbatas dalam jumlah penerima manfaat. Di tahun keempat, APIK akan memberikan lebih banyak pelatihan langsung kepada masyarakat luas untuk memastikan target ini tercapai.

Table 2: Rangkuman Capaian High Level Result APIK

Indikator Target

Capaian kumulatif

hingga tahun ketiga

High-Level Result 1

Jumlah orang yang dilatih dalam adaptasi perubahan iklim atau pengurangan risiko bencana (setidaknya 30% menunjukkan peningkatan kapasitas API/PRB)

30.000 orang 7.072 orang

High-Level Result 2

Jumlah lembaga dengan kapasitas yang meningkat untuk mengkaji atau mengatasi perubahan iklim dan risiko bencana alam

40 lembaga 65 lembaga

High-Level Result 3

Jumlah undang-undang, kebijakan, peraturan, atau standar tentang adaptasi perubahan iklim atau pengurangan risiko bencana yang secara resmi diusulkan, diadopsi, atau diimplementasikan

50 undang-undang/kebijakan/peraturan

77 undang-undang/kebijakan/peraturan

High-Level Result 4

Jumlah dana diinvestasikan (dalam dollar Amerika) untuk adaptasi perubahan iklim atau pengurangan risiko bencana, sebagaimana didukung oleh pemerintah Amerika Serikat

US 3.000.000 dollar

US 1.247.973 dollar

High-Level Result 5

Jumlah orang yang didukung oleh pemerintah Amerika Serikat untuk beradaptasi dengan dampak perubahan iklim atau lebih tangguh terhadap bencana alam (setidaknya 40% perempuan)

30.000 orang 24.290 orang

High-Level Result 6

Jumlah orang yang menggunakan informasi iklim atau menerapkan tindakan pengurangan risiko untuk meningkatkan ketangguhan terhadap perubahan iklim atau bencana alam

4.000 orang

1.326 orang


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Di tingkat nasional, APIK terus mendukung pembaruan dan penyempurnaan Rencana Aksi Nasional Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim (RAN API). APIK mengawal proses ini dan memberikan masukan berupa latar belakang dan kajian ilmiah serta pembelajaran dan praktik terbaik dari semua wilayah kerja APIK. RAN API kini digunakan sebagai masukan untuk Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional (RPJMN) 2020-2024. Kemitraan dan kerja sama yang kuat dengan Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK) menghasilkan peraturan menteri tentang standarisasi kajian kerentanan (VA) mengacu pada VA yang dilakukan APIK. APIK juga melibatkan Kementerian Desa, Daerah Tertinggal, dan Transmigrasi (Kemendes) dalam kemitraan dengan KLHK untuk mengembangkan pedoman Dana Desa agar dapat digunakan untuk kegiatan peningkatan ketangguhan. Kemendes mengawal proses penetapan Dana Desa yang mengalokasikan anggaran hingga US 100.000 dollar per tahun per desa. Jika anggaran ini dapat digunakan lebih efektif untuk kegiatan-kegiatan membangun ketangguhan iklim dan bencana di tingkat masyarakat, maka ada potensi manfaat yang sangat besar.

APIK juga bekerja sama dengan Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika (BMKG) selama tahun ketiga, dan memulai kemitraan dengan National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) dari Universitas Colorado untuk mendukung prakiraan cuaca musiman yang lebih baik. Selain itu, APIK mengembangkan situs tingkat provinsi dengan BMKG di ketiga wilayah APIK, yang digunakan BMKG untuk menyediakan informasi cuaca dan iklim terkini. APIK juga menyelesaikan pemasangan beberapa sistem peringatan dini untuk banjir yang terdiri dari penakar hujan otomatis, sensor tinggi muka air yang terhubung ke alarm, dan sistem peringatan yang memberikan informasi ke BMKG serta Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD).

Kemitraan dengan sektor swasta berkembang pesat di tahun ketiga dengan lima kemitraan yang sedang berjalan dan sejumlah lainnya dalam proses. Kemitraan yang tengah berlangsung dengan PT. Cargill, Pertamina, ACA Insurance, Syngenta, dan Bank Sultra diperkirakan memiliki nilai US 8,4 juta dollar dalam lima tahun ke depan. Inisiatif yang dilakukan termasuk pertanian cerdas iklim, peningkatan ketangguhan iklim untuk peternak ayam, dan sistem informasi cuaca.

Sebagai bagian dari strategi mempromosikan ketangguhan inklusif, APIK mendukung pengembangan kelompok wanita tani (KWT), dan sebagai hasil dari advokasi yang dilakukan, pemerintah daerah di Jawa Timur berkomitmen lebih dari US 122.000 dollar untuk mendukung KWT melalui pelatihan, aspek pemasaran, akses ke pasar, serta peralatan. Selain itu, APIK telah melakukan kegiatan penandaan anggaran gender di ketiga wilayah guna menyoroti di mana dana pemerintah dapat dan harus digunakan untuk kegiatan kesetaraan gender.

Tim komunikasi APIK mendukung berbagai acara di tingkat nasional dan daerah dan berperan serta efektif menyebarluaskan informasi tentang ketangguhan iklim dan bencana kepada pemirsa daerah. Untuk mencapai hal tersebut, APIK mengembangkan tiga video tentang kegiatan proyek. Selain itu, selama tahun ketiga, kegiatan APIK dimuat dalam media cetak dan online (daring) sebanyak 98 kali, di antaranya kegiatan di tingkat masyarakat dan acara dengan pemerintah daerah. Hal ini memungkinkan APIK untuk berbagi informasi mengenai ketangguhan iklim dan bencana secara lebih luas.

Di tingkat daerah, APIK terus berupaya memperkuat anggaran pemerintah dengan komitmen dana mendekati US 700,000 dollar untuk kegiatan pembangunan ketangguhan di tiga wilayah dampingan APIK, contohnya: penyusunan rencana aksi, pembentukan kelompok siaga bencana, perlindungan wilayah pesisir, dan pengelolaan sumber daya air. Sebagai tindak lanjut terhadap kajian kerentanan yang diselesaikan pada tahun kedua, APIK bekerja dengan pemerintah daerah tentang strategi ketangguhan iklim dan rencana aksi yang konkret untuk tiap provinsi, kota, dan kabupaten dampingan. Sekolah Lapangan Iklim (SLI) dilakukan untuk komoditas jagung dan tebu di Sulawesi Tenggara dan Jawa Timur, menghasilkan peningkatan panen yang signifikan untuk kedua komoditas tersebut. Guna memastikan


(OCTOBER 1, 2017 – SEPTEMBER 30, 2018) XV

partisipasi dan keberlanjutan masyarakat yang kuat, APIK mengidentifikasi cara-cara untuk membangun ketangguhan ekonomi lokal sehingga masyarakat dapat melihat dampak langsung pada mata pencaharian mereka melalui kegiatan tersebut. Ini merupakan salah satu alasan mengapa SLI sangat populer, karena SLI meningkatkan hasil panen dan pendapatan bagi petani serta membuka hubungan bisnis dengan para ahli, lembaga keuangan, pemasok, dan pedagang.

Kerja sama dan kegiatan tingkat lanskap dimulai di tiap provinsi dalam tahun ketiga. Di Malang Raya, Jawa Timur (terdiri dari Kota Batu, Kabupaten Malang, dan Kota Malang), APIK mulai bekerja pada isu pengelolaan sumber daya air termasuk kajian kerentanan, mengidentifikasi kegiatan perlindungan sumber air, dan berkonsultasi dengan pemerintah Kota Batu dan Kota Malang. Di Kabupaten Konawe Selatan dan Kota Kendari (Sulawesi Tenggara), APIK membangun kapasitas pemerintah daerah dalam penanggulangan bencana, khususnya banjir di Kota Kendari, di mana masalah di hulu di Kabupaten Konawe Selatan merupakan salah satu penyebab utama bencana ini. Hasilnya, pemerintah daerah kini bekerja sama untuk mengembangkan rencana aksi dalam mengatasi masalah tersebut. Di Pulau Ambon, Maluku, tim APIK mengadakan lokakarya dengan Kabupaten Maluku Tengah dan pemerintah Kota Ambon karena banjir dan tanah longsor di Maluku Tengah berdampak pada pasokan air dan infrastruktur di Kota Ambon. APIK berharap kedua daerah tersebut dapat mengembangkan rencana aksi untuk mengatasi masalah ini di tahun keempat kegiatan APIK. Selain itu, karena hubungan yang kuat dengan pemerintah daerah di Jawa Timur, pemerintah Kabupaten Sidoarjo yang terletak di hilir DAS Brantas mendorong pengembangan kemitraan strategis dengan Kabupaten Pasuruan (sebagai daerah yang berbatasan yang terletak di hulu) tentang pengelolaan banjir dengan menggunakan perangkat dan pendekatan yang dikembangkan bersama APIK. APIK tidak bekerja di Pasuruan secara langsung, namun memberikan dukungan teknis dan memfasilitasi pertemuan antara kedua wilayah. Ini adalah pertanda yang positif bahwa upaya membangun ketangguhan meluas di luar wilayah kerja APIK dengan sumber daya pemerintah dan sebagai respon atas kebutuhan setempat.

APIK menggulirkan empat program hibah dana ketangguhan di tahun ketiga, dengan total nilai US 156.855 dollar. Dua hibah diberikan di Sulawesi Tenggara, dan masing-masing satu di Maluku dan Jawa Timur. Hibah tersebut membiayai berbagai kegiatan termasuk pertanian konservasi dan sekolah lapang iklim, pembentukan dan penguatan kelompok siaga bencana, serta sistem informasi cuaca. Selain itu, APIK menggunakan jasa perusahaan lokal untuk mengembangkan dan memasang sistem peringatan dini untuk wilayah Mojokerto, Jawa Timur.

Salah satu tantangan utama dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan di tahun ketiga adalah pergantian personel dan kepala daerah sebagai hasil dari pemilihan kepala daerah di pertengahan 2018. Secara garis besar, APIK dapat meminimalisir dampak dari perubahan ini karena hubungan dan kemitraan yang kuat dengan pejabat pemerintah di setiap wilayah, yang banyak di antaranya tidak terpengaruh oleh pemilihan kepala daerah.

Di Agustus 2018, APIK mengadakan lokakarya semua staf untuk mengembangkan rencana kerja tahun keempat dengan tema “Aksi, Dampak, dan Peninggalan”. Di tahun keempat, tim APIK akan meningkatkan aksi langsung di masyarakat, dan khususnya memastikan dana pemerintah digunakan secara efektif untuk meningkatkan ketangguhan, bahwa ada dampak terukur dari kegiatan APIK, serta memastikan keberlanjutan melalui kemitraan pemerintah dan sektor swasta yang produktif.



SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION

REPORT OBJECTIVE This document represents the APIK Annual Report for year 3 of the implementation period from October 1, 2017 to September 30, 2018. It is submitted in accordance with Section F.5.7 and F.5.8 of the APIK Contract which states that the project shall prepare and submit to the COR regular quarterly and annual reports on the project’s interventions, issues, constraints, and progress toward goals and achievements.

PROJECT OVERVIEW USAID Indonesia’s “Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim dan Ketangguhan” (APIK) Project is a five year initiative supporting the Government of Indonesia to strengthen climate and disaster resilience, working in an integrated manner from the national level down to the regional and community levels. In support of this overall objective, APIK seeks to:

• Mainstream climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction into national and sub-national governance frameworks;

• Build the capacity of local communities and the private sector to address climate change and weather-related natural hazards; and

• Support the use of information for climate and disaster risk management among key stakeholders.

At the national level, APIK provides technical assistance to central government ministries to strengthen their understanding of climate change and the impact of weather-related natural disasters, and to mainstream tools and approaches that facilitate the systematic integration of climate and disaster resilience in their core planning, budgeting, and operations. Given the cross-cutting nature of climate and disaster resilience, APIK works with economy-wide agencies such as the National Development Planning Agency (BAPPENAS) and the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB), as well as technical ministries like Environment and Forestry (KLHK), Marine Affairs and Fisheries (KKP), Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM), Agrarian and Spatial Planning (ATR), and Agriculture (Kementan). At the subnational level, APIK seeks to build the capacity of local governments to address climate and disaster resilience through their planning and operations, communicate about climate change, and institutionalize resilience building practices in day-to-day activities. Further, the project works directly with communities on the front lines of climate change and disaster resilience in the targeted districts to implement measures and link those measures to the relevant government processes in a holistic systems approach. Cross-cutting the national and subnational level, APIK further seeks to mainstream climate and disaster resilience into the private sector as well as improve the uptake and utilization of climate and weather information (CWI) services. Private sector engagement is critical to addressing shared economic risks and livelihoods, while improved climate and weather information services empower public and private institutions alike to better prepare for and respond to climate and disaster risk. The issue of gender is a crosscutting issue that has to be mainstreamed into all APIK activities. Women are not only differently vulnerable to climate change but they are also crucial in implementing adaptation solutions and building resilience. Gender integration in APIK activities is internalized through systematic activities, aiming integration in public policies, programs, and budgets.



APPROACH The USAID APIK Project applies a technical approach centered on place-based resilience, which emphasizes that vulnerability to natural disasters and climate change are directly linked to each locale’s unique landscape, socioeconomic, and institutional characteristics. Place-based resilience moves beyond generalities to understand the climate story at the local government and community levels, while identifying how the national policy environment influences each community story. APIK builds an evidence base from landscape activities, and then uses it to influence governance frameworks (national/subnational/private sector) and enhance decision support tools for the people whose livelihoods are stressed by natural hazards and shifting climate patterns. Exhibit 1 presents the integrated components of APIK’s place-based approach: Institutional resilience: Under Indonesia’s decentralized system, place-based resilience requires that national ministries, as well as subnational governments, mainstream climate and disaster resilience principles into public planning and investments. Socioeconomic resilience: Place-based resilience also requires that climate and disaster resilience principles be incorporated into business models across different economic sectors, supporting livelihoods and green economic growth. Fostering sustainable incomes is particularly important among the poor, whose resource-based livelihoods often face the greatest exposure to weather stresses and climate shifts. Landscape resilience: The vulnerability of place is interconnected with the ecological, hydrological, and meteorological characteristics of the surrounding landscape. Sound land use decisions that safeguard ecosystem services protecting urban, rural, and island communities from extreme and changing weather are critical, and thus empowering local people to own and make those decisions will underpin landscape resilience. Climate and weather information services (CWIS): Finally, CWIS play an important enabling role in achieving place-based resilience, with the resulting information products informing sound, evidence-based decision making across all tasks and activities. Climate services are not, however, an end in themselves; rather they are a means for people, businesses, and institutions to better understand their place and how/if it is changing.

WORKING AREA APIK subnational activities are focused in three geographic areas – East Java, Southeast Sulawesi, and Maluku. The diverse landscapes in each region face different types of climate risks and are representative of the country writ large. In East Java, for example, APIK activities are centered in the population dense Brantas Watershed. In Southeast Sulawesi focuses on coastal landscapes, while Maluku represents remote small island landscapes. Exhibit 2 below highlighted the APIK working area geographies - detailed landscape maps are included in each section on the report.

Exhibit 1: Place-Based Resilience



TASK STRUCTURE The conceptual design of the APIK project is built around five core tasks. Each of the five tasks is integrated across our implementation approach, which is organized by the three levels of intervention (national, subnational, cross-cutting) discussed above. Sections 2-4 of this annual report follow our implementation approach structure. Here, we present a summary of the five tasks and 22 sub-tasks that comprise the APIK Project’s scope of work.

TASK 1: INTEGRATE CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION AND DISASTER RISK REDUCTION INTO NATIONAL-LEVEL POLICY AND COORDINATION

The underlying hypothesis of Task 1 is that: the integration of climate and disaster risk into national policies, the formation of national forums and networks to disseminate Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction (CCA/ DRR) knowledge amongst practitioners, and the incorporation of CCA/ DRR lessons learned into planning under the RAN API will collectively lead to the improved capacity of national public institutions to mitigate against climate and disaster risks, ultimately benefitting the Indonesian people. Task 1 is comprised of the following three sub-tasks:

• Sub-Task 1.1: Support national-level implementation of the RAN API and the integration of CCA and DRR into annual work plans of government ministries;

• Sub-Task 1.2: Develop national level tools, guidelines, analyses, and other knowledge products that facilitate mainstreaming of CCA and DRR;

• Sub-Task 1.3: Strengthen national CCA/ DRR coordination.

TASK 2: ENHANCE SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENT AND COMMUNITY RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND WEATHER-RELATED NATURAL DISASTERS

Task 2 focuses on local government and community capacity building, using entry-points such as local government working groups and community-based vulnerability mapping to convene stakeholders and facilitate planning and actions that strengthen landscape, socioeconomic, and institutional resilience. Task 2 consists of the following sub-tasks:

Exhibit 2: APIK Geographic Working Areas



• Sub-Task 2.1: Integrate CCA and DRR into local governance processes;

• Sub-Task 2.2: Build local capacity to support vulnerability/ risk assessments;

• Sub-Task 2.3: Strengthen landscape-level CCA and DRR mechanisms;

• Sub-Task 2.4: Improve provincial and district climate related disaster response capacity; and

• Sub-Task 2.5: Implement sustainable community level CCA and DRR measures.

TASK 3: STRENGTHEN TARGETED CLIMATE AND WEATHER INFORMATION SERVICES

Task 3 focuses on the collection, packaging, and dissemination of climate and weather information (CWI) services. Better climate and weather information systems are fundamental to fostering place-based resilience across the archipelago, saving lives in the near term (i.e. disaster risk reduction) while supporting better planning and public investment in the medium to long term (i.e. climate change adaptation). The principal sub-tasks of Task 3 are as follows:

• Sub-Task 3.1: Conduct CWI stakeholder consultations at all levels and develop roadmap;

• Sub-Task 3.2: Build capacity of CWI producers, communicators, and users to develop, disseminate, and apply climate and weather data;

• Sub-Task 3.3: Utilize media, communication campaigns, and social marketing to share CWI and raise awareness about climate change impacts.

TASK 4: AWARENESS AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT FOR THE PRIVATE SECTOR

Task 4 focuses on improving private sector awareness of climate change and weather-related natural disaster risks while strengthening the capacity of private sector partners to integrate CCA/ DRR into business models and plans and carry out sector-specific risk reducing activities. Our strategy emphasizes the engagement and mobilization of business associations and business networks around shared risks in key economic sectors, such as the fishing industry in the Maluku Islands or cocoa and rice production in Southeast Sulawesi. Task 4 is comprised of the following sub tasks:

• Sub-Task 4.1: Engage and enhance cooperation with relevant business associations;

• Sub-Task 4.2: Develop or strengthen forums, tools, and analyses to improve private sector understanding and integration of climate and disaster risks into plans and operations;

• Sub-Task 4.3: Engage private sector actors to promote awareness and build resilience among companies and communities in targeted districts/landscapes; and

• Sub-Task 4.4: Disseminate information and examples that promote actions by private businesses to strengthen resilience to natural disasters and climate change.

TASK 5: PROJECT COORDINATION AND DOCUMENTATION

Task 5 involves the documentation and dissemination of locally validated climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction practices to ensure the evidence base generated at APIK landscapes informs national and subnational CCA/ DRR decision making. Specific sub-tasks under Task 5 are as following:

• Sub-Task 5.1: Develop and disseminate models on the successful integration of local and national strategies for CCA and DRR mainstreaming; and

• Sub-Task 5.2: Facilitate broader coordination and collaboration and strengthen the capacity of other USG organizations including USAID projects to mainstream CCA/ DRR.



Exhibit 18 on page 56 details the results framework for the APIK project.

ANNUAL REPORT LAYOUT In line with APIK’s implementation approach, Section 2 covers National Level interventions, Section 3 details Subnational work, Section 4 addresses Cross-cutting activities, and Section 5 provides a brief snapshot of Challenges Encountered with the potential to impact implementation. Section 6 provides an overview of Performance Monitoring for PY3 and Section 7 provides detail on the Most Significant Change. In Annexes A, C, E, and F you can find national and provincial activities including the references to task level results, while Annex B includes the ministerial decree on village fund, Annex D contains the agreement between Malang Raya Disaster Management Agencies, Annex G details the Aru scorecard report, and Annex H provides detail on media coverage in PY3.



SECTION 2: NATIONAL LEVEL

PY3 HIGHLIGHTS • Supported the Ministry of Environment and Forestry with a new ministerial regulation on

standardizing vulnerability assessment processes across Indonesia. The regulation was formalized and adopted during PY3;

• Supported BNPB in the roll-out of the InAware online risk and hazard management system in the three APIK provinces;

• Provided input into the National Mid Term Development Plan for 2020-2024 in partnership with Bappenas through the revision of the National Climate Change Adaptation Action Plan;

• Developed a set of guidelines and tools for the Ministry of Villages, Disadvantaged Regions and Transmigration to support the funding of climate and disaster resilience activities. This regulation has the potential to impact all 70,000 villages across Indonesia;

• Created provincial-level websites for BMKG that can provide accurate weather forecasting down to village level; and

• Partnered with multiple businesses to build resilience through shared value partnerships, including food growers, oil and gas companies, beverage companies and financial institutions.

OVERVIEW During PY3 APIK strengthened the national enabling environment for climate reliance and disaster preparedness, working with key counterparts such as BAPPENAS (and specifically the RAN API Secretariat) and the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK) to build capacity and enact new policies. In partnership with BAPPENAS, for example, APIK took a leading role in the revision and updating of the national climate change adaptation action plan. Also, APIK worked with KLHK on the formulation of the Ministerial Decree for an Improved and Standardized Vulnerability Assessment Process, a policy which guides local governments on how to conduct vulnerability assessments as part of their local planning efforts. The new policy was formalized by KLHK in February 2018. In addition, APIK worked with the Ministry of Villages, Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration (Kemendes) and the Ministry of Home Affairs (Kemendagri) to advocate and support tools and guidelines that expands the eligibility of the Village Fund mechanism (government budget provided to each village on an annual basis) to activities that build climate and disaster resilience. APIK also partnered with BMKG to improve quality and access to climate and weather information systems. The detailed list of APIK activities carried out at the national level during PY3 can be found in Annex A.

SUMMARY OF FOCUS AREAS AND ACTIVITIES While most of the National Level work is anchored by Task 1—Integrate CCA/ DRR into National Policy and Coordination—it also includes support for climate and weather information services to national agencies such as BMKG (Task 3) and the engagement of national private sector partners (Task 4). The following section summarizes key PY3 activities at the National level.

Influencing Ministerial Regulation on Climate Vulnerability Assessments

The Ministry of Environment and Forestry formalized ministerial decree Number P.7 / MENLHK / SETJEN / KUM1 / 2/2018 on guidelines for vulnerability, risk, and impact of climate change assessments. In general, this guideline mandates government agencies conduct an assessment of the risks and impacts of climate change in their respective administration areas. The guidelines include information on the techniques needed to develop climate change adaptation strategies at different levels. In



addition, the guidelines are designed to be used by other technical ministries to identify vulnerabilities and risks and impacts in a specific sector, including anticipating the need for one-data management.

This ministerial decree is the output of APIK advocacy for strengthening the Vulnerability Index Data Information System (SIDIK). SIDIK is a database that provides vulnerability index and risk impact information visualized in maps. SIDIK takes into account national and regional characteristics, both of which can be modified by users directly. SIDIK is a national system that will be used as an indicator for development planning and monitoring and evaluation activities. The SIDIK system required improvement in various aspects such as improving guidelines for assessing vulnerability, risks, and impacts of climate change.

Improving Disaster Preparedness through Support to BNPB

APIK worked closely with BNBP during PY3. One of the main activities was supporting the roll out and use of InAware. The InAWARE system is an online hazard warning, analysis and risk evaluation platform that was created to support DRR activities in the regions, especially to facilitate decision making, early warning and documenting disasters. InAWARE was designed by the Pacific Disaster Center (PDC) with funding from USAID OFDA and is managed by the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB). However, at present, not all provinces and cities / districts can implement InAWARE. In cooperation with the BNPB Data and Information Center (Directorate of Pusdatin), training was conducted in Malang, East Java. In the training, APIK invited 19 BPBD officials from the seven districts and cities in APIK program areas with 68% of participants increasing their knowledge based on pre and post test scores. The training focused on how to input data and how to effectively utilize InAWARE. Pusdatin is keen to work with APIK to carry out ongoing InAWARE training.

In addition, in coordination with the BNPB DRR directorate, the results of the resilience assessment carried out by APIK in 12 cities and districts have been recognized by BNPB, and efforts are being made to replicate in the fourth year to other cities and districts in the three APIK provinces as part of the BNPB 100 Resilient Cities and Districts campaign. In addition, APIK is also working with BNPB to design risk assessment tools for micro and small/medium enterprises which will be finalized during PY4.

APIK's achievements are now recognized by BNPB both at national and regional levels and there is good coordination with the BNPB DRR director and APIK as well as between BNPB and other institutions. The improved coordination has a positive impact on planning for PY4 as well as for learning from previous activities.

Input for the National Mid-Term Development Plan RPJMN 2020-2024

During PY3 APIK supported the RAN-API review and revision which served as a means for influencing the national government budgeting process (RPJMN) 2020-2024. An APIK team member was embedded in BAPPENAS to lead this process. A major component of the RAN-API review is identifying climate change hazards based on atmospheric, models and oceanic models for four national priority sectors: i) agriculture, ii) water, iii) health and iv) fisheries / coastal and marine. During the earlier version of RAN-API there was minimal consideration given to the development needs of each sector with little communication between experts involved thereby resulting in a disjointed plan that did not reflect the realities of the subnational level. In addition, climate projections were not considered during the formulation of the plan, hence the need for a revised version.



Climate projection results and hazard studies are an important input for spatial simulation models and policy scenarios in the Strategic Environmental Assessment (KLHS) of the RPJMN 2020-2024. USAID-APIK, together with other development partners, are active in developing a greener future RPJMN policy by enhancing the sustainable development framework. This is in line with Article 3.4 of the UNFCCC which states that climate change policy must be integrated into national

development plans, where the Government of Indonesia must ensure the mainstreaming of climate change issues into national development planning, both in the long-term, medium-term development plans and their elaboration in the Government Work Plan annually. During PY3, APIK completed draft inputs on the impact of climate change in four sectors (water, agriculture, coastal and oceanic) leading to strategic and policy recommendations compiled in the technocratic design of the RPJMN 2020-2024. Climate change is a cross-cutting issue coordinated by the Directorate of Environment of the Ministry of National Development Planning (Bappenas). In the technocratic design, climate change is linked to hydro-meteorological disasters as an effort to converge climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction. Following the completion of the environmental planning and development module in 2016, the RAN

API Secretariat and Bappenas, implemented the training curriculum to improve planning by building capacity The original training modules were focused on supporting the Regional Greenhouse Gas Adaptation Climate Change Action Plan (RAD GRK). APIK worked with the RAN API secretariat to revise the module so that participants are trained to understand the concept and basic framework of the Green Economy and are able to support activities in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Regional Climate Change Adaptation Action Plans (RAD API).

This module has become an important RAN API tool in achieving the main objectives of climate change adaptation, that consists of (a) Increasing awareness and knowledge of the parties about the importance of using scientific data and information on the RAN API review into development planning and implementation. (b) Reducing vulnerability, risks and impacts of climate change and increasing resilience to climate change in four priority sectors and regions with climate change; and (c) Implementing the RAN API synergistically, especially the implementation of adaptation

efforts at national and regional levels.

Engaging the Ministry of Villages, Disadvantaged Regions and Transmigration (Kemendes)

An important focus of APIK is to conduct advocacy at the national level for mainstreaming climate and disaster resilience in villages through various instruments, both policies and supporting tools. The

Enviromental Planning in Development Module

Integration Process and Models for KLHS and RPJMN 2020-2024



process begins by identifying opportunities that can be utilized, compiling road maps, building communication and coordination with ministries / institutions that are partners and then preparing substantive content.

Village Law mandates that the village fund from the state budget (APBN) be used to improve welfare and village development. The law stipulates that the fund be allocated equitably based on the number of villages, accounting for village characteristics (population, poverty, total area, and geography). These funds, which are distributed directly to village governments, are an important potential resource for financing climate change adaptation and disaster resilience activities at the village level.

APIK's main partner in conducting advocacy with Kemendes is the KLHK Directorate of Regional Mobilization and Resources and Directorate of Climate Change Adaptation. The opportunities offered by Kemendes are through the implementation of climate change actions as examples of priority activities to be funded through the Village Fund (Dana Desa) and preparing guidelines for villages to implement climate change actions. APIK is working with Kemendes and KLHK to develop these guidelines. Furthermore, both will be followed by a pilot project in the village and the development of village facilitator capacity. Both instruments are now formalized and ratified by Kemendes. Examples of climate and disaster resilience activities are included in the annex of the Ministry of Village Decree No. 16/2018 concerning Priority Allocation of Village Funds and Facilitation Guidelines on Climate Change Control in Villages which will be disseminated by Kemendes. The formalized decree can be found in Annex B.

Enhancing Climate and Weather Information Dissemination

Within PY3, APIK assisted the BMKG Communication Network Center to develop Provincial website templates. The provincial level websites will help BMKG in the region to disseminate more focused, local-level information services. The websites can be accessed through the following links: http://jatim.bmkg.go.id/, http://sultra.bmkg.go.id/, http://maluku.bmkg.go.id/. The new website was socialized to every BMKG staff member in East Java, Southeast Sulawesi and Maluku in December 2017 and January 2018 with training provided in how to use and update the website. After training, APIK continued to monitor the

use of these products in the region. As a result, both the Climatology, Meteorology and Geophysics stations have started to utilize these products to disseminate weather and climate information services to the public and other stakeholders.

One of the most important features on the website is the inclusion of climate information to the sub-district and village level. This information is produced by utilizing Otoklim Software, one of the tools developed by APIK to be utilized by each Climatology Station in order to produce products that can visualize climate information down to the sub-district and village levels. In the process, APIK involved several divisions/units at BMKG, namely the Communication Network Center, the Climate Change Information Center, the Maritime Meteorology Center and the Public Meteorology Center. Every Climatology, Meteorology and Geophysics Station in East Java, Southeast Sulawesi and Maluku were also involved in the process of utilizing and evaluating these products. The website also supports the achievement of APIK in helping institutions to increase their capacity to develop, disseminate or apply weather and climate information services.

OTOKLIM Software Landing Page

http://jatim.bmkg.go.id/

http://sultra.bmkg.go.id/

http://maluku.bmkg.go.id/



Engaging Private Sector

In PY3 APIK approached many potential companies to collaborate in adaptation actions at the sub-national level to strengthen the resilience of the business and also support community resilience. Information about the impact and potential business opportunities resulting from climate change was shared with companies and the feedback was positive, with many businesses interested to collaborate with APIK. In addition, APIK actively collaborates with business associations to disseminate the results, best practices and lessons learned from existing APIK partnerships to encourage other companies to partner in support of community resilience and strengthen the resilience in their business operations.

At sub-national level, the engagement of private sector focused on accelerating the process for finalization of concept notes and formalization of partnerships with new potential companies (e.g. Greenfields Indonesia, Multi Bintang Indonesia, Angkas Pura II, Syngenta Foundation Sustainable Agriculture/SFSA). APIK also works to ensure the implementation and sustainability of ongoing collaboration activities with businesses (i.e. piloting climate smart agriculture (CSA) with Bank Sultra, ACA Insurance and Syngenta in South Konawe and with Cargill in Blitar). The quality of the collaboration actions and the potential for the scaling up will be the main consideration in the partnership with private actors. More detail on private sector partnerships can be found in each regional section below.



SECTION 3: SUB-NATIONAL LEVEL The following section summarizes Project Year 3 activities across APIK’s three prioritized landscapes. The first part of this section provides an overview of sub-national work across all provinces including PY3 highlights and a description of the climate resilience strategies and spatial planning advocacy which were carried out in all areas. Please see Table 8 in the monitoring and evaluation section for progress against sub-national indicators.

PY3 HIGHLIGHTS • There is strong buy-in from local government for policy development, regulations, planning,

and budgeting to build climate and disaster resilience. For example, the development of the mitigation and adaptation roadmap for Maluku Province is not only the first in Indonesia, but it also serves as a key reference for the planning that addresses adaptation issues. This is highlighted in High Level Result (HLR) 2 where APIK has improved capacity of 65 institutions (project target was 40) and also HLR 3 where APIK has supported 77 new policies, laws and regulations (project target was 50)

• The pilot projects implemented by APIK demonstrate to communities and government relevant actionable activities that can be carried out to build place-based resilience. These projects show how real actions help solve problems on the ground, e.g. conservation agriculture in Batu City is improving people’s livelihood and at the same time help reduce the flooding and erosion issues.

• APIK facilitated cross-boundary coordination in Maluku, East Java, and Southeast Sulawesi provinces to emphasize importance of the landscape approach. The collaboration of South Konawe and Kendari City on flooding issue, for example, has been initiated where the two administrations will develop a joint risk concept development on Wanggu watershed.

• APIK worked to increase economic resilience in the Segoro Tambak Village, Sidoarjo District. The main source of livelihood in Segoro Tambak is shrimp and fish farming which is very vulnerable to hydro-meteorological disasters. APIK supported the community with mangrove planting to reduce risk from coastal erosion and flooding while also increasing access to climate and weather information and introducing options for product diversification.

• In Jombang, East Java, APIK worked with the local government to draft a District Decree on Disaster Risk Management. The decree will increase Jombang’s resilience on disaster management by developing standard operating procedures for disaster response.

• APIK supported Malang District to develop the district’s Climate Change Adaptation Action Plan (RAD API). The action plan defines how climate and disaster risks will be addressed.

• In East Java, APIK and East Java provincial BNPB conducted an InAWARE training to increase BPBD staff capacity in the seven APIK cities and districts to utilize, access, and input the data into the InAWARE online risk management system.

• APIK conducted a series of training of trainers for fisherfolk in Batu Jaya, South Konawe, South East Sulawesi. The training is part of APIK collaboration with BMKG and the Fisheries Agency to increase fisherfolk knowledge on weather information.

• APIK completed the baseline and end line in 12 villages in Kendari and South Konawe. The baseline and end line are now formalized in the village action plan for climate adaptation and disaster risk management.

• In Maluku, APIK advocated for greater funding for programs that increase resilience, resulting in a total budget allocation of about $180,000 across six local government agencies.

• In Maluku, APIK is working with PT. Pertamina in Morella Village. An MoU was signed between PT Pertamina and the village of Morella with APIK. PT. Pertamina agreed to support Morella



village through their corporate social responsibility (CSR) program, to help the village address climatic and weather-related challenges.

OVERVIEW APIK activities at the sub-national level in PY3 included building awareness and capacity for communities, businesses and local government on climate and disaster risk. In addition, APIK focused on influencing planning and budgetary processes at province, city, district and village level and implementing pilot projects in partnership with local organizations and businesses to demonstrate approaches to build resilience in each location emphasizing the place-based approach.

In addition to the region-specific activities highlighted in this section there are a number of initiatives that occurred in all regions. These are summarized below and include spatial planning and GIS, climate resilience strategies, and water resource management.

Spatial Planning and GIS

Improved spatial planning is a critical component of resilience-building and reducing the risk from climate change and natural disasters. APIK works together with the Agrarian Spatial Planning Agency (ATR) and planning agencies at national and regional level to address this issue. The mainstreaming of climate resilience into subnational development plans is now being carried out within the APIK working area. APIK facilitates the planning for adaptation and resilience strategies in the form of regional action plan documents (RAD) which contain details on spatial planning. Likewise, the mainstreaming of resilience in spatial planning has begun in areas that are in the process of drafting and updating the spatial plan reviews, such as Mojokerto district, East Java province, and South Konawe, and Southeast Sulawesi Province.

In all regions, APIK continues to hold GIS workshops with disaster preparedness groups and relevant government officials. The goal of the workshops is both to build spatial data capacity and to make maps which are used in various assessments, including APIK’s VA. APIK supports using Quantum GIS, an open source platform, as well as incorporating data from local governments, USAID, and previous USAID projects. In addition, APIK encourages local government officials to set up data centers so that electronic spatial data is more accessible. These workshops are responding to local demand from government and researchers and are now taking place on a regular basis in each province.

Spatial planning and GIS is a critical component of the vulnerability assessment process. Following completion of vulnerability assessments in 3 provinces and 4 landscapes during PY2, during PY3 the work continued with the drafting of map books for each location; in total 258 maps were produced by APIK. In addition, the vulnerability assessment in Aru Landscape was started in January 2018 and is now almost complete.

Climate Resilience Strategy

Climate resilience is a multi-sector and multi-level issue. To be able to address the risk of climate change in comprehensive way, each and every subnational government agency needs to have a climate resilience strategy. Subnational governments are positioned at the front of climate actions. Climate resilience strategies or CRS (RAD - Adaptasi dan Ketangguhan Iklim) are multi-sectoral midterm plans to address the climate risk and build adaptive capacity. CRS is the basis for mainstreaming adaptation and climate resilience into development planning and spatial planning at the subnational level and is the synthesis of all assessments on climate issues in the region. CRS can also be used in strategic environmental assessment (KLHS). The prime objectives of the CRS are reduced number of victims and losses due to climate and weather-related disasters and increased regional resilience to climate change. It is expected that, from year to



year, the number of casualties and refugees due to floods and landslides will continue to decrease despite the likelihood of an increase in hydro-meteorological disasters. Likewise, the amount of property losses and loss of potential income can continue to be reduced. It is also hoped that there will be an increase in climate resilience, namely the ability of the community to return to normal and prosper after being hit by the impacts of climate change. In PY3, APIK supported the formulation of CRS in: East Java, SE Sulawesi and Maluku Provinces; and also at the district level in: Maluku Tengah, Konawe Selatan, Kendari, Batu, Malang, Mojokerto and Jombang. All of these documents are still in the drafting process. At the national level, APIK facilitated a workshop on CRS in KLHS with the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, and the Ministry of Home Affairs. The result is a recommendation on climate issues to be analyzed in KLHS. The CRS was prepared in a participatory manner through workshops with stakeholders ranging from local governments, private sector, universities and Non-Governmental Organizations up to community leaders. The first step is an audience with the District Head or Mayor to get their support in the process of preparing the CRS. Then initial workshops are held with stakeholders to agree on priority issues, objectives and adaptation strategies. After that a small team in each field compiles a draft strategy, action and performance indicators. The working group then presents the findings during the second workshop to complete the CRS. An important aim of the process is to build local ownership of the reports. In order to do this, APIK ensured local government officials led the process with technical support and facilitation. This takes more time and is an intense process but leads to greater sustainability and likelihood of leveraging local government budgets. The process also develops local capacity, identifies local experts, and connects the experts with government as potential future resources. Water Resource Management

In PY3 APIK finalized vulnerability and risk assessments (VA) in all three provinces and twelve districts/cities including several villages. Through the VA process, APIK identified that water security as one of the most prevalent climate risks, primarily due to prolonged drought in many areas. Examples of water resource challenges include the following:

• In Kunjorowesi village, Ngoro sub-district, Mojokerto district, in East Java, water has now become very scarce during the dry season. Hence, people must rely on water sent in tanker trucks by the water utility. This now occurs almost every year and is an increasing burden for the villagers as they cannot rely on a sustainable source of water.

• In the Greater Malang area of East Java, a spring called Binangun in Batu City, serves the downstream population center of Malang City. There is significant concern that poor spring protection and land conversion (forest to agriculture or building developments) will reduce spring output; meanwhile there is increasing demand in Malang City. Thus, conservation of the spring’s recharge is important as well as complicated given transboundary resource management.

• In Mata Wolasi village, Wolasi sub-district, South Konawe district in Southeast Sulawesi spring water has shown a reduction in capacity over recent years. The reduction is believed to be caused by a combination of two factors: climate change and illegal logging (conversion of forested area) at the spring recharge area thus reducing the infiltration rate to the aquifer.

• In Maluku Province, the people in Wamar Island, Aru Islands District can get water only from the PDAM. Prolonged drought caused by El Nino often hampers the PDAM’s capacity in serving its customer.



To address these issues, APIK works at the community level as well as with local government and water utilities. At community level, APIK facilitated the development of community action plans to address the water issues. For Kunjorowesi Village, for example, APIK initiated discussions with the village administration and the community to define their needs and develop options to more sustainably manage water resources. In parallel, APIK worked with the district administration and a private company association called the Water Alliance. The Water Alliance committed to support the community to obtain a more sustainable water supply, while APIK’s support includes community action planning, developing the private sector partnership, and ensuring that plans and activities to maintain water supply for these communities takes into account potential impact of climate change.

In Mata Wolasi, South Konawe, APIK is working with the community to develop a plan for land rehabilitation through planting bamboo and other vegetation. In addition, the village is developing a regulation for land conservation to limit the conversion of forested areas. It is expected that the flooding risk in the area may be reduced effectively with the bamboo planting and village regulation. And more importantly, the spring water availability will be more reliable throughout the year. For Aru Islands District, APIK initiated discussion with the water utility and Bappeda on development of options for alternative raw water source as a response to growing demand, particularly for domestic use in the district.

In Binangun spring, in collaboration with IUWASH PLUS, APIK is helping conduct a spring vulnerability assessment. The assessment will inform adaptation actions that related actors need to take to protect the water source. During the socialization, it was agreed that conservation of the spring recharge area is important as there is a significant risk that the quantity and quality of water availability may be hampered by climate risk as well as by human factors, e.g. land use that is not allowing water to infiltrate to the aquifer. Once the assessment and the action plan have been completed, APIK will focus on advocacy in mainstreaming the spring’s protection into village, local government, and PDAM planning and budgeting. Once budgeted, the pilot activities may include development of infiltration wells, better land use planning, and land conservation/rehabilitation in the spring’s recharge area. The location and the catchment area for the spring are detailed in Exhibit 3.

In the coming period, APIK will continue to engage communities as well as work with local government, water utilities, and other stakeholders to address water scarcity issues, spring recharge area conservation, and mainstreaming water resilience into planning and budgeting are. In particular, APIK will keep working with private sector to build local resilience through building and ensuring sustainable water supply so that people’s access to water is maintained if not improved and, at the same time, the spring recharge area is better managed.

Exhibit 3: Binangun Spring Location and Catchment Area in Batu



1. EAST JAVA

REGIONAL PROFILE

Covering approximately 17 cities and districts, the Brantas is a national government priority watershed for conservation and rehabilitation—and APIK’s target landscape in East Java Province. Approximately half of East Java’s 38 million people live in the basin, which contains a concentration of critical infrastructure, including eight dams, two major airports, two SEA ports, and multiple high-volume highways and rail connections. East Java has a large thriving economy, second only to Jakarta in terms of macroeconomic stability. Working in the Brantas Watershed also provides APIK with an opportunity to work in an upstream/inland landscape with strong hydrological linkages to one of the most densely populated areas in the country. APIK works in seven districts and cities across the watershed. A map of the Brantas Watershed and APIK working areas can be seen in Exhibit 4. During the period from January 2017 to August 2018, there were 597 hydro-meteorological disaster events in East Java (hydro-meteorological disasters made up 99% of total recorded disasters in East Java during this period) and 111 events in APIK working areas with medium to high impact. Tropical cyclone Cempaka in November 2017 was the worst disaster to date with 25 people dead, 4,888 houses damaged (3,212 flooded), 36 bridges damaged, 21 education facilities damaged, four worship facilities damaged, and two health facilities damaged resulting in an IDR 1 trillion loss (approximately $66 million) in economic activity and infrastructure damage. Unfortunately, an early warning regarding this disaster was not followed by immediate action. Of particular concern, there was no evacuation plan for residents in flood and landslide prone areas. In response, APIK engaged with the BPBD and the BMKG to continue to work on contingency planning and preparedness in this area to help ensure that the next disaster is met with an immediate and more robust response.

EAST JAVA PY3 ACTIVITY OVERVIEW

The following section provides details of the main activities carried out during PY3 in East Java. In addition, at the end of the section, in Annex C, there is a detailed list of all APIK activities in East Java carried out in PY3.



Exhibit 4: Map Detailing Activities in East Java Province



UPPER BRANTAS

The following subsection presents an overview of achievements for PY3 in the four targeted jurisdictions in the Upper Brantas Watershed, namely, Malang City, Batu City, Malang District, and Blitar District. Exhibit 6 on page 21 provides a snapshot of the geographic context for the Upper Brantas, including the specific villages where APIK works.

Climate Adaptation Action Plan

APIK believes the only way to reach sustainability in development is by integrating climate adaptation into regional action planning including: medium-term strategic plans, medium-term development plans, policies/regulations, and institutional structures. In Malang District, the climate adaptation strategies are documented in the local climate change adaptation action plan (RAD-API) facilitated by the APIK team working with local government. This plan reflects multi sector and cross-sector readiness in responding to and anticipating threats based on future climate projections.

The adaptation strategies that integrate climate impact and risk into regional development in Malang District include:

1. Adaptation strategy for the infrastructure sector (improving planning for new infrastructure developments to incorporate “climate proofing”)

2. Adaptation strategy for the environment and agriculture sector (strengthening the environmental supporting capacity for climate adaptation such as integrated water resources management; environmental and water damage mitigation; agricultural production improvement and strengthening food security through diversification)

3. Adaptation strategy for the socio-economic sector (improving community economic adaptive capacity in reducing climate impact; strengthening adaptive capacity and increasing preparedness for disaster risk; reducing vulnerability and risks on health and increasing adaptive capacity in tourism management).

As a result of APIK support the RAD API document is now being used to inform the development of the RPJMD for Malang District.

Sugarcane Climate Field School in Wonokerto

Sugarcane is the primary source of income for many farmers in the southern part of Malang District but increasingly farmers are seeing reduction in yield and quality of sugar as a result of climate change and weather-related disasters. A Sugarcane Climate Field School (CFS) was implemented in Wonokerto Village, Bantur Sub-district, Malang District. The CFS provided the community with an opportunity to learn improved cane production through integrating climate smart agriculture and other agronomic practices. Lasting from October 2017 to September 2018, the CFS was successful in building local knowledge on climate smart agriculture and led to increased yields and greater income for the farmers.

During the sugar cane CFS, farmers learned how to maintain plants, control weeds and pests, observe the environment around the fields, measure air temperature, and analyze soil conditions. For 10 months, farmers learned together onsite and immediately practiced what they learned in the demonstration plot. In addition, the CFS also encouraged farmers to produce quality sugarcane seeds. The farmers in Wonokerto claimed they were still using seeds from sources planted 7 years ago. In fact, according to the Pasuruan Sugar Plantation Research Center (P3GI), the use of seeds exceeding 3 harvest periods (3 years) can reduce productivity. In addition, the farmers learned how to practice share-cropping with sugar cane and peanuts thus increasing their incomes as well as improving soil



fertility as a result of the nitrogen fixing ability of peanuts. The increased soil fertility also helped the sugar cane mature more rapidly.

The farmers in the CFS plan to use the sugar cane for seed production and, following an inspection by P3GI, they received a seeds and business license certificate from UPT Balai Sertifikasi Benih Perkebunan and UPT Pelayanan Perizinan Terpadu Provinsi Jawa Timur to prove that the seeds meet the necessary quality standard and can be legally sold. By receiving this certificate (Izin Usaha Produksi Benih Tanaman Perkebunan Number: P2T/025//18/04/01/VII/2018), the seeds can be sold to neighboring farmers to address seed quality issues in drought prone areas. Based on sugar rendement1 test from the Center for Sugar Cane research (Pusat Penelitian Perkebunan Gula Indonesia (P3GI) Pasuruan), the sugar content of the cane produced in the CFS is14.85%. This represents an increase of more than 1% over previous rendement levels - typically 13.77%. As a result, the sugarcane in the CFS locations has a good sale value. In addition, the typical yield of sugarcane in this area is 90 tons per hectare but from the demonstration plot in the CFS the farmers were able to harvest the equivalent of 120 tons per hectare. When combining the increase in production with increased percentage of sugar this represents a significant boost in income for the farmers.

As a result, from the CFS demonstration plot 60 tons of cane seeds are being sold out to neighboring farmers within and outside the village. Several neighboring villages such as the village of Srigonco, has already committed to buy seeds from the Sugarcane CFS in Wonokerto Village.

Gender Budgeting for Climate Resilience

APIK worked on gender budgeting to increase women’s resilience in the face of climate change and natural disasters. Gender Budget Advocacy provides a way for governments to promote equality through fiscal policy. It involves analyzing a budget to identify differing impacts on men and women and allocating money accordingly, as well as setting targets and directing funds to meet them. APIK’s Gender Budget strategy aims to strengthen coordination on advocacy regarding gender and climate change. Specifically, APIK advocated for gender responsive policies and actions to address the impact of climate change and to strengthen sub-national level gender and climate change adaptation advocacy programs.

For example, APIK conducted a series of gender budget trainings in Batu City. Within the APIK training event, five local government agencies (Food Security Agency, Cooperation and Trading Agency, Women Empowerment and Child Protection Agency, Agriculture Agency, and Bappeda) agreed to sign a gender budget statement. Examples of activities included in the gender budget statement included: training on product diversification, and climate information dissemination. In total, those agencies agreed to allocate IDR 1.627.550.000 (equivalent to USD 122,833) for activities that promote gender-based climate resilience. This includes IDR 777.622.000 (USD 58,688) from the Dinas Ketahanan Pangan (Food Security Agency) in Batu City to support the important role of women in providing food as well as income for the family through kitchen gardens. Specific activities include training in good agricultural practices and small grants to procure tools and agricultural equipment. In addition, the Dinas Pertanian (Agricultural Agency) has allocated IDR 500.000.000 (USD 37,735) to support female farmers increase skills in organic farming, for example organic crop protection, climate field schools for vegetable production as well to strengthen collaboration between female and male farmers.

1 Sugar Rendement is a score used to determine the amount of pure crystallizable sugar which can be obtained from a sample of raw sugar.



Community Level Resilience

Bandungrejosari Urban Village is located in Sukun sub-district of Malang City and is one of the 11 Malang City pilot villages for Disaster Resilience (Desa Tangguh Bencana). Bandungrejosari is an area prone to landslides. BPBD and local government already acknowledge this problem and mitigate the risk though installation of evacuation signs along the high risk areas. APIK and BPBD conducted joint visit/survey to the areas and found that there are some aspects that can be improved in order to support Bandungrejosari to be more resilient towards disasters.

One of the key priorities is to mainstream disaster risk into the program planning and activities of the village. To do this APIK initiated community level capacity building by conducting workshops, focus group discussions, and disaster risk reduction training at the community level for Pokja member and volunteers in Bandungrejosari Village. APIK also conducted community-based disaster risk mapping and disaster reporting system utilizing a GeoTagging model. Geotagging is the process of adding geographical identification metadata to various media such as a geotagged photograph or video in the form of geospatial metadata. This data usually consists of latitude and longitude coordinates, though they can include altitude, bearing, distance, accuracy data, and place names. Geotagging can help users find a wide variety of location-specific information from a device such as laptop, GPS or cellular phone. For instance, someone can find images of a disaster event taken nearby, and determine the exact location by entering latitude and longitude coordinates into a suitable image search engine.

As the first step of geotagging training, APIK conducted a series of community-based, participatory mapping exercises to update locations which are prone to flooding and landslides in the village and the villages nearby. In collaboration with BPBD, APIK conducted a series of training especially in GIS and mapping. The geotagging will allow information to flow more quickly from the community to BPBD so that if a disaster occurs can be a more timely and efficient response. BPBD and APIK are continuing to test this system for Bandungrejosari before rolling out to more villages in the near future. Exhibit 5 shows an example of geotagging from the training in Malang in this case highlighting an issue with flooding and drainage in the city. Once tagged the photo and information is automatically sent to BPBD.

Transboundary Landscape Level Collaboration

The three administrations of Malang City, Malang District, and Batu City initiated inter-regional cooperation in Malang Raya. This cooperation will tackle some inter-regional issues that occur within the region such as waste management, disasters, water resources, and tourism.

Trans-boundary landscape level cooperation is essential, especially in areas vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and where water is already scarce. To deal with the potential impacts of climate change on water resources combined with the demands of increasing populations and economic growth requires an integrated approach to transboundary water resource management based on legal and institutional frameworks and shared benefits and costs. APIK is promoting better communication between all stakeholders, fostering a mutual understanding of risks and also potential benefits of landscape level collaboration and supporting the development of landscape level action plans.

Exhibit 5: An Example of Geotagging in Malang



APIK and IUWASH PLUS (IPLUS) continue to work together on pilot activities by conducting a spring vulnerability assessment for spring protection in Batu city. Based on the initial finding of the assessment, APIK and IPLUS will focus their work in Banyuning Spring (for PDAM Batu’s source), Binangun Spring (for PDAM Malang City), and Gemulo Spring (for a community-based water supply system HIPPAM Bumiaji’s source).

In August and September 2018 APIK facilitated workshops between local government agencies in Malang Raya to formalize transboundary collaboration and during that event the Disaster Management Agencies of all three jurisdictions signed an agreement to work together and coordinate on disaster preparedness. The agreement can be seen in Annex D.

Private Sector Partnerships to Build Resilience in Poultry and Livestock Industries

During PY3 APIK established a partnership with Cargill Indonesia which resulted in a commitment to strengthen the resilience of poultry farmers in Blitar district. Weather conditions impact egg production: if conditions are too hot or too wet, then production and the quality of eggs decline. This is in part due to the way chickens are housed which make them very susceptible to even small temperature or rainfall changes. In this partnership, Cargill provides support through improved chicken housing. Cargill agreed to build two demonstration chicken houses that comply with relevant international standards and will help farmers deal more effectively with rainfall and temperature changes. In addition, the new chicken housing will improve feeding and water systems which will lead to greater efficiencies in water usage. On August 29th, 2018, APIK, PT. Cargill and the Community Based Poultry Farmer Association (Paguyuban Peternak Rakyat Nasional -PPRN) signed the collaboration agreement. Project activities will begin in November 2018 by conducting a technical team meeting and building the chicken housing.

PT Greenfield Indonesia (GI) is keen also to collaborate with APIK, as they currently face two challenges related to climate impact: the fulfillment of corn requirements for livestock feed and ground water security for communities around farms and factories. Meeting the corn needs requires cooperation with farmers in Blitar District and Malang District. APIK will address this issue by increasing knowledge of weather and climate aspects in the cultivation of maize. Based on initial discussions, GI will consider working on initiatives to protect water resources in the area including reforestation and infiltration wells in the villages surrounding the factory thus minimizing the environmental impact of the company's operations. APIK will prepare a collaboration proposal to be discussed with the management of GI in early PY4.



Exhibit 6: Map Detailing Activities in Upper Brantas



LOWER BRANTAS

The following section presents an overview of PY3 achievements in three targeted jurisdictions in the Lower Brantas, namely, Sidoarjo District, Mojokerto District, and Jombang District. Exhibit 7 on page 25 provides a snapshot of the geographic context for the Lower Brantas, including the specific villages where APIK works.

Notably, in comparison to the Upper Brantas, downscaled climate projections suggest that temperature shifts will be more extreme on the Lower Brantas with the average daily temperature increasing by up to one degree Celsius by the year 2030. Further, the timing of the wet season is also likely to shift to earlier in the year, with the heaviest rainfall occurring from September through November. Precipitation levels are also projected to decline on average for the months of March, April, and May. The section below provides highlights from the recent achievements in the Lower Brantas.

Introducing Silvofishery to Increase Resilience

For effective community-based climate change adaptation (CBCCA), understanding the local context in building resilience towards climate change is very important. Following the CBCCA participatory assessment training, APIK collaborated with the local working group (Pokja) to develop a local vulnerability assessment in Segoro Tambak Village, Sidoarjo. On March 22, 2018, APIK and the Pokja started to implement silvofishery in two pilot ponds (0.5 ha each). Silvofishery enables farmers to cultivate fishes and shrimps in addition to conserving mangrove trees. The mangrove cover also protects the fish ponds from erosion, flooding, and gives protection from tidal surges.

On March 22nd, 2018, the Pokja and APIK conducted mangrove planting in two pilot areas. APIK and the Pokja planted 7,000 mangrove seedlings and 200 api-api (avicennia germinas) seedlings. The community planted these two trees along the dirt barriers between the fishponds to help strengthen the barriers.

Segoro Tambak is prone to tidal flooding and high wind especially during the rainy season. During the dry season, Segoro Tambak is also prone to drought. People in Segoro Tambak are mostly fisherfolk and shrimp farmers and are highly affected by those disasters. The fish ponds are separated from each other as well as from the river and sea by earth banks which are easily destroyed by flooding.

Integration of Climate and Disaster Risk into Regional Policies and Regulations

Integrating contextually relevant adaptation strategies in regional policy and regulation documents is a crucial step towards building resilience. APIK works on this across all project sites. It is essential to have realistic and actionable plans in place before a disaster strikes so that everyone is aware and understands how to act. If appropriate actions are not taken or if the response is delayed, then lives, resources, houses and livelihoods could be needlessly lost. Disaster risk management is a multi-disciplinary process involving stakeholders from both within and outside government.

In Sidoarjo, APIK has been able to integrate climate and disaster resilience into regional government policies and regulations. This is a crucial step towards building resilience, and a better development-planning program for the local government. The District of Sidoarjo formalized the Head of District Decree No. 3/2018 on Disaster Management Operating Procedures. The decree contains principles, regulations, and steps on the procedure and allocation of duties at each level. The purpose of the decree is to guarantee that a standardized and uniform set of procedures is applied within the entire system of Sidoarjo District to effectively support disaster management activities.



Early Warning System (EWS) Installation in Klorak River, Mojokerto

Kalikatir, Dilem, and Begaganlimo are villages located alongside Klorak River. Flooding is a common problem in these villages, and the frequency and severity of flooding has increased over the last 10 years. The most devastating flood occurred in March 2017 with flash flooding damaging key infrastructure, including a dam and a bridge. The flashflood caused about IDR 600.000.000 (approximately USD 45,300) in total damage. In addition to infrastructure the flooding impacts rice production and access to the villages. Approximately 2,000 people are now benefitting from this system.

Most of the villagers in Kalikatir depend on farming for their livelihoods. Farmers in this area typically plant rice three times a year. However, extreme weather events are now having a greater impact on rice production. Farmers notice that from January to May they are at risk of decreased rice production due to flooding. While from June to October, farmers are facing water shortages due to lack of rainfall.

Following a participatory rural appraisals (PRA) and flash flood mapping and modeling to prepare the community with a disaster mitigation and contingency plan, APIK installed

an Early Warning System in Kalikatir. APIK worked with Aplikasi Cerdas Indonesia, (the company that previously won the APIK weather station innovation competition in 2017), to implement a community-based early warning system alongside the Klorak River to increase villagers’ capacity to mitigate flash flooding. Other partners such as the state-owned forestry company (Perhutani) and the Forest Protection Agency (Tahura) collaborated with the village government in the implementation of the contingency plan, as it also helps to address land degradation issue in their jurisdiction.

The EWS consists of several components. In two upstream villages (Dilem and Begaganlimo) USAID APIK and BPBD installed Automatic Stream Level Gauges and Automatic Rain Gauges. Data obtained from these two kits is then transmitted to the data pool/server in Kalikatir Village using LoRa technology. The LoRa technology enables connectivity in remote areas with a weak or lack of signal. The data can be accessed by the Disaster Preparedness Team in the villages as well as the village administrations. In addition, this data is sent to BPBD for processing and further disseminated through SMS gateway system. The data from the EWS can be seen from the Kalikatir Dashboard at the following link: https://monitoringku.com/kalikatir/.

Building Resilience through Schools

APIK recognizes that students and youth play a key role in tackling climate change. One of the main entry points that APIK sees as an opportunity is empowering youth through building their knowledge and awareness towards climate change at school. Schools are important components of a community that can be empowered as disaster risk reduction and adaptation agents. There are four fundamental aspects of making schools/madrasah safe from disaster: (1) knowledge, attitude, and action; (2) policy; (3) preparedness planning; and (4) resource mobilization.

Automatic Rain Gauge Installation in Kalikatir as part of the early warning system



Recognizing students are one of the most vulnerable groups in the face of disaster and in celebration of the Earth Day, APIK and the Jombang Environment Agency conducted a youth camp entitled "School Campaign for Climate Change Adaptation Awareness & Disaster Risk Reduction" in Jombang. The youth camp aimed to enhance the capacity and reduce the vulnerability of students. The activity also aimed to raise youth and student involvement in environmental education as well in implementing disaster risk management through community action.

The idea was to make the camp a fun learning and experience-sharing event in DRR training, aimed at building resilience among children. At the camp, the students undertook training on what to do when disaster occurs. They also received basic first aid training for disaster victims. More than 100 students participated in the event, which took place on April 21-22, 2018. Upon joining the DRR camp program, students will be able to bring their knowledge of disaster management and environmental protection to action.

By conducting this event, students are more aware of the importance of Climate Adaptation in terms of how it affects their lives and also learning what they can do to reduce the risk. In the event, APIK stressed the importance of fighting problems presented by climate change and their role as the generation which inherits the responsibility to protect the planet. Youth education is a very effective way in combating the negative effects of climate change. This event will be followed up by additional workshops targeting youth in other APIK areas.



Exhibit 7: Map Detailing Activities in Lower Brantas



2. SOUTHEAST SULAWESI

REGIONAL PROFILE

Southeast Sulawesi Province consists of fifteen districts and two cities. Based on population projections, the population of Southeast Sulawesi in 2017 was 2,602,389 people consisting of 1,308,543 males and 1,293,846 females. The APIK Project works in Kendari City and South Konawe District. Kendari is the main city with a population of 370,728 people. South Konawe District has the second highest population with 304,214 people. Southeast Sulawesi's total area is 38,067 km2, with average population density of 68 people per km². Kendari has the highest population density with 1,232 people per km squared (Sultra Dalam Angka, 2018).

Kendari is located around the edges of Kendari Bay and is in the downstream of the Wanggu watershed. South Konawe District is situated in the southern part of the province, and the headwaters of the Wanggu River originate from this district. Both the coastal and watershed landscapes of Southeast Sulawesi have important influences on the region’s economic development, and thus the sustainable management of these landscapes in the face of climate and extreme weather risk is vital to engendering economic prosperity.

Southeast Sulawesi is especially prone to hydro-meteorological disasters such as flooding, landslides, drought, storms, and extreme waves. Floods and landslides are the most frequent and hazardous disasters. These conditions are exacerbated by poor environmental management, including upstream deforestation for plantations / agriculture, and mining which contributes to increased risk of landslide and flooding after intense rainstorms.

Major flooding in 2013 led to the displacement of 28,000 people. Another major flood occurred in May 2017, impacting Kendari City, Konawe, South Konawe, and North Buton districts. Furthermore, flood occurred again in May and June 2018, impacting Kendari City, North Konawe, South Konawe, Konawe, and North Buton districts. The flood had a serious impact on public infrastructure, human settlement, agriculture, loss of property, and evacuation. In North Konawe, the flood occurred on May 21-22, 2018, inundating 79 houses, including 7 houses that were completely wash away. In total, 96 households or 395 people were evacuated. The flood also inundated 100 Ha of rice field leading to crop failure. The floods also caused damage to the bridge infrastructure and inundated around 300 meters of the main road that connected the Southeast Sulawesi region with Central Sulawesi. On June 25, 2018, flooding again hit 4 districts in Southeast Sulawesi Province, namely North Buton, North Konawe, South Konawe, and Kendari City. The most significant impacts occurred in Kendari City and South Konawe. Flooding in South Konawe inundated 435 houses and caused 1,156 residents to be displaced, while flood in Kendari City caused 2,424 residents to be evacuated.

SOUTHEAST SULAWESI PY3 ACTIVITY OVERVIEW

The following section provides details of the main activities that were carried out during PY3 in Southeast Sulawesi in Kendari City and South Konawe. A full detailed list of all activities carried out during PY3 can be found in Annex E.



Exhibit 8: Map Detailing Activities in Southeast Sulawesi Province



KENDARI CITY

Building Community Resilience

APIK conducted a rapid risk assessment in Kampung Salo village, Kendari City. The assessment revealed that Kampung Salo is prone to flooding while the area is vital as it is located between the national oil and gas company (PERTAMINA) depot for Southeast Sulawesi and the city of Kendari gas stations. Within PY3, APIK finalized the Participatory Risk Assessments and village level vulnerability assessment in Kampung Salo. As a result of this assessment, Kampung Salo Head of Village then created a decree to form a DRR working group. APIK held discussions with PERTAMINA as well with BPBD Kendari on building community resilience in Kendari. PERTAMINA has Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) funds that can potentially be used to support municipal activities, including community resilience that is in line with APIK’s work plan. APIK prepared a proposal to PERTAMINA to work together on improving resilience to flooding in Kampung Salo which is now moving forwards. The APIK private sector advisor and the Kendari team conducted a meeting in Makassar with PERTAMINA, and PT. PERTAMINA agreed to support waste management in Kampung Salo and invested IDR 80.000.000 to support the activity. One of the reasons this area floods is because waste blocks the streams and drainage canals and so helping reduce waste will lead to reduced flooding.

On 26 June through 26 September 2018 APIK, PT. PERTAMINA and the Disaster Risk Reduction Working Group (KSB) implemented a Waste Bank Management project. The community, especially the mothers, were very enthusiastic and even before the waste bank workshop was completed, the women had collected household waste, especially non-organic, paper, and plastic waster to be processed in the waste bank. Improving Local Government Climate and Disaster Resilience through Local Policies and Regulations

Integrating contextually relevant adaptation strategies in regional policy and regulation documents is a crucial step towards building resilience. APIK works on this across all project sites. During an emergency, quick action is required; however, this depends on having plans in place before a disaster strikes so that everyone is aware of and understands what to do. If appropriate, actions are not taken or if the response is delayed, then lives, resources, houses and livelihoods could be needlessly lost.

In Kendari, flooding has become the most frequent disaster to strike the area. One of the major causes of the increased flooding is degradation of the upstream watersheds outside Kendari City combined with increased sedimentation in Kendari Bay (which is compounded by more intense rainfall and extreme storms). Just recently in 2017, the city

of Kendari was flooded for more than 7 days. Learning from that event, the local government and specifically BPBD Kendari requested APIK support to revise the Flooding Contingency Plan for 2018-2019, which was launched in February 2018. The revised plan includes a clear SOP and division of responsibilities between agencies in the city of Kendari to manage disaster events. In addition, the plan provides details on why the flooding is occurring more frequently, so the government can also put in place strategies to try and minimize them in the future.

Local Online News Coverage on City of Kendari Contingency Plan



Following the completion of and the socialization of the Urban Resilience Scorecard, APIK continues the effort to integrate the recommendations to public documents. On November 15, 2017, APIK and City of Kendari held a workshop focusing on APIK’s recommendation to RPJMD (Mid-Term Planning Document 2017-2022) for Kota Kendari. On March 28th, 2018, PERDA RPJMD No. 7/2018 was established and legalized by DPRD Kota Kendari. Based on the document, the City of Kendari has integrated APIK recommendations in the planning component for ecologically based landscape and city development planning.

Building Resilience in the Wanggu Watershed: Cross-Boundary Collaboration between South Konawe District and Kendari City

In PY3 APIK facilitated cross-administration landscape level collaboration between South Konawe District and Kendari City to build resilience at the Wanggu watershed landscape, particularly to address the issue of flooding. The two jurisdictions often experience flooding during wet seasons. In many cases, the issue of poor land use management in the upper part of Wanggu Watershed in South Konawe District contributes to the flooding downstream in Kendari City. This cause and effect correlation was also highlighted in the APIK VA results. Thus, collaboration is needed in order for there to be a sustainable solution to address the flooding issue. In facilitating the cross-boundary collaboration, APIK engaged the provincial government as it has a coordination role as well as capacity to help resolve cross-boundary issues. APIK facilitated the first discussion and the three local governments agreed to have a formal collaboration between South Konawe District and Kendari City. As an initial step, they agreed to develop a common concept on flood risk management that will form the basis of a joint action plan. Formal collaboration including and conceptualizing joint flood risk management will be the focus in the PY4.

Exhibit 9: Map Detailing Wanggu Watershed Flooding Issues

At the community level, APIK in collaboration with local NGO LePMIL worked in five villages to improve community resilience in Wanggu Watershed. Exhibit 9 details the flooding risk in the Wanggu Watershed with the upstream areas in the south of the map in South Konawe District and the source



of much of the flooding with the impact felt in Kendari City. Among the five villages, Mata Wolasi village (South Konawe District) is one of the sources of flooding in Baruga village (Kendari City) during the wet season. Mata Wolasi village has committed to help reduce the flooding risk by planting trees to address the flooding issue both locally in Mata Wolasi and further help address the flooding issue downstream in Baruga village.

Improving Strategic Planning through Integrating Climate and Disaster Resilience

As the VA is now completed, the results have been mainstreamed into key local government agencies in Kendari City. Notably, the strategic plans of BPBD, DKP, DLH, PUPR, and Dinas Pertanian have integrated relevant findings and recommendation from the VA so that their strategic plans are more climate resilient. Throughout the VA process, APIK involved the local government staff. This approach is helpful both as a way to build their capacity and further to make the integration of climate and disaster resilience issues into their strategic plan smoother. APIK provided technical inputs along the strategic planning process with the aim that the local government’s development plan aligns with the climate risks they are facing. The strategic plans are then elaborated into the annual local government work plan and budget that include adaptation actions. The integration of the climate and disaster resilience issues into local government agencies’ plans plus APIK activities implemented on the ground with good results, will pave the way for sustainability.

Exhibit 10 below details activities in Kendari City during PY3.



Exhibit 10: Map Detailing Activities in Kendari City



SOUTH KONAWE

Climate Field School

Corn is an important commodity for Southeast Sulawesi province; however, corn production is often constrained by extreme weather changes. Farmers’ limited knowledge on agriculture techniques also negatively affects corn production. To overcome this issue, USAID-APIK, PT. ACA Insurance, Bank Sultra, and PT. Syngenta Indonesia, conducted a joint Climate Field School (CFS) for corn farmers in Punggaluku village, Laeya sub-district, Konawe Selatan. Within this CFS, Bank Sultra provided funding for land/demo plot preparation, cultivation, and harvesting. PT. ACA Insurance provided the insurance covers, while PT. Syngenta Indonesia provided the corn seed. The CFS is aimed to demonstrate to farmers the benefits of good agricultural practices, improved seed, and using climate / weather information.

CFS for corn utilized demonstration plots as a learning medium, with each plot being given a different treatment. The first plot, set as a control, applied a typical farmer’s treatment that used chemical fertilizer, no pesticide, and limited weeding effort. The second plot, labeled as non-organic, utilized chemical fertilizer, with intensive weeding and no pesticide. The third plot, an organic plot, used only organic fertilizer, with intensive weeding and no pesticide. An analysis of the yield carried out by the statistics agency on June 21, 2018 revealed remarkable results: the control plot garnered 8.82 tons of wet kernels/hectare; the non-organic plot produced 9.88 tons of wet kernels/hectare; and the organic plot yielded 8.39 tons of wet kernels/hectare. These numbers look promising, as they surpass the district’s average production of 3-4 tons/hectare.

Initiating Climate Resilience Activities through Village Fund

To ensure the sustainability of resources to support efforts to build community resilience to the impacts of climate change and disaster risk, APIK encourages the integration of the climate resilience agenda into various policy documents, development planning and budgeting at all levels, including at the village level.

One of the main achievements in this period was the inclusion of climate resilience into the Head of District Regulation No. 06 of 2018 concerning Procedures for Distribution and Determination of Village Fund Details in South Konawe District. The South Konawe District Government through the Community and Village Government Empowerment Agency (BPMPD) succeeded in developing and establishing the South Konawe District regulation on the Procedures for Distribution and Determination of Village Fund Details in South Konawe District in 2018. This regulation is important in the effort to integrate climate and disaster risk reduction into village government planning and budgeting systems and thus achieve sustainability.

As a result the total amount of new village funds allocated for specific activities related to climate and disaster resilience in 2018 is IDR 1.070.179.800 in the eight APIK villages (Batu Jaya, Rumba-Rumba, Awunio, Lamokula, Wawatu, Tanjung Tiram, Puasana, and Bungin Permai). Specific examples of activities to build climate and disaster resilience covered by village funds included:

a. Village Development Sector, includes prevention of coastal erosion, environmental conservation, development of disaster evacuation roads, construction of evacuation buildings, post-disaster management, construction of natural disaster management facilities and infrastructure.

b. Village Community Empowerment, including strengthening the capacity of rural communities in dealing with disasters, among others: Provision of information on disasters (Early Warning



System), Community preparedness training in dealing with disasters, Training of volunteer workers for handling natural disasters.

c. Adaptation and mitigation efforts including; tree nurseries, reforestation, watershed maintenance and other environmental conservation activities are now budgeted.

Increasing Disaster Risk Reduction Management Capacity

With increasing frequency of hydro-meteorological disasters, the need for effective disaster resilience education is greater now than ever before. It is very important to engage youth in emphasizing the need to promote education and actions for risk reduction. All community development must include a risk management component for adequate and sustainable development. To support this, APIK and the South Konawe District government conducted a DRR Jamboree in Andolo, South Konawe on September 19-22, 2018.

APIK supported the activity by giving knowledge related to waste management, improving access to weather and climate information, as well as post-disaster management practices, such as how to operate public kitchens, basic first aid techniques and tent establishment practices. Within this event, the government also conducted a tree planting ceremony; 300 trees were planted by all participants around the Jamboree site.

The activity aimed to improve disaster management and organizational capacity for the disaster preparedness working group (KSB) members, build a resilient community against climate change and disaster risk, and build a culture of alertness within the community. Within this activity, all the participants agreed to form a disaster reduction forum in South Konawe District formalized by the South Konawe Regional Government. As a form of appreciation for this activity, the Konawe Selatan government is committed to establishing the Jamboree as an annual routine activity that will be facilitated by the local government. This is based on the reality of the condition of the southern Konawe region which has a high level of disaster risk (especially floods) spread across 15 sub-districts and 62 villages. The South Konawe government also agreed and has committed to forming 100 new KSB in South Konawe.

Exhibit 11 below details activities in South Konawe District during PY3.



Exhibit 11: Map Detailing Activities in South Konawe District



3. MALUKU

REGIONAL PROFILE

In Maluku, climate change is aggravating livelihood security and producing shifts in labor patterns—from fishing to farming (and back) as well as from rural work to urban employment. Since the conflict ended, Ambon city has developed rapidly which has reduced poverty in the city, but in turn, raised the demand for land and other natural resources leading to new developments on sloping and unstable land. In recent years, unpredictable and extreme weather, winds, and tides have run contrary to expected patterns. Traditional fishing has been adversely affected as fish have moved to deeper waters and fish stocks have declined. Many fisherfolk now work at least part time in manual labor, and a great many return to family-owned land and turn to farming as an alternative livelihood. Yet, farming has its own problems because of climate shifts. Farmers state that dry spells have been longer in recent years and productivity has declined.

In Maluku, APIK works in three areas: the City of Ambon, Central Maluku District (specifically the Lease Islands) and Aru District. Ambon and the Lease Islands are grouped into Island Cluster VII, comprising the administrative boundary of Ambon City and Central Maluku District (Sub-Districts Leihitu Barat, Leihitu, Salahutu, Haruku, Saparua, Saparua Timur, and Nusalaut). The island cluster has higher economic and population growth relative to other clusters given that Ambon City serves as an economic hub for transportation, financial services, education, trade, and industry in the province. Key commodities of the island cluster are characterized by capture fishery, contributing 136,000 tons of fish annually and 304 hectares of seaweed. Locations having the largest fish catch include Kecamatan Saparua (Saparua Island), Sirimau (Ambon City), Salahutu and Leihitu (Central Maluku District located in Ambon Island).

The Aru Island District represents Island Cluster IX (in the Gugus Pulau structure). The economy in Aru is dominated by fisheries, particularly from the Arafura Sea-WPP (Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan-Fisheries Management Area) 718 that contributes approximately two million tons of fish per year. Aru Islands District is prone to tidal flooding due to its flat and low land and vulnerable to water borne disease given its lacking water and sanitation. Coastal erosion, intense storm waves, and coral and sand mining in Wamar and other islands. Seawater intrusion into shallow ground water wells for household use is also an issue.

The map in Exhibit 12 on the following page shows Maluku province and highlights island clusters as determined by local government. The clusters are designed to support local development planning and each cluster includes islands with some interdependency. APIK is working in Clusters VII (City of Ambon and Lease Islands) and IX (Aru Islands).

MALUKU PY3 ACTIVITY OVERVIEW

The following section provides details of the main activities that were carried out during PY3 in Maluku. A detailed list of all activities carried out during PY3 can be found in Annex F. Within this section, APIK presents PY3 achievements for Maluku, divided in two subsections, Ambon City and Central Maluku District followed by the Aru Islands.



Exhibit 12: Map Detailing Activities in Maluku Province



AMBON CITY AND CENTRAL MALUKU DISTRICT (LEASE ISLANDS)

Adaptation and Mitigation Roadmap

Maluku Province is the first province in Indonesia to have a Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Roadmap as part of the implementation of Indonesian Determined National Contribution. The Roadmap for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation and Sustainable Development (MAPI-PB) contains information on projects in Maluku Island, Emissions, Resilience and Sustainable Island-Based Clusters. This document has been launched by the Minister of Environment and Forestry during the Climate Festival in Jakarta in January 2018 and has been launched by the Governor of Maluku in Ambon in February 2018. The process of developing the Maluku Province Climate Change Mitigation & Adaptation Roadmap initially began in PY2 and was completed in PY3. The roadmap was directly supported by the Directorate General of Climate Change, KLHK. The preparation process was carried out in Ambon which was facilitated by APIK and the Indonesian Forestry and Climate Change Experts Network (APIKI Network) for Maluku and North Maluku Region. The Directorate of Climate Change Mitigation at KLHK supported drafting documents in consultation with APIK. In addition to technical support, KLHK also facilitated public consultation activities to capture various parties in the region regarding the MAPI Roadmap draft of Maluku Province. As part of this process in Ambon, APIK facilitated 15 meetings of the constituent members as institutionalized through Governor's Decree number 255.a/2017. To operationalize the policy direction in the Roadmap into concrete programs and activities, the Maluku Provincial Bappeda facilitated the Maluku Province Mitigation and Adaptation Regional Action Process (RAD MAPI). APIK and APIKI are engaged as facilitators and formulators. This action plan, which will be mainstreamed in the Maluku Province RPJMD for the period 2019-2023, will be finalized in the PY4 of APIK implementation. Trans Boundary Coordination

In collaboration with the TATT’s program (a USAID OFDA Program for building the capacity of provincial higher education institutions to contribute to improved local DRR policy and practices), APIK Maluku collaborated with the Maluku Province Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) to facilitate a review and update of the 2012 version of contingency plans for floods and landslides. Within this updated contingency plan, focus was given to the administrative border region between Ambon City and Central Maluku District located on Ambon Island, namely Allang Village, which is also within the APIK working area. Flood and landslide disasters that often occur in the Central Maluku region on Ambon Island are often handled slowly by the District government because of its distant location from the government center in Masohi, Seram Island. In some cases, even though disasters occurred in the Central Maluku part of Ambon Island, the disasters also have an impact on Ambon City. Those effects include disruption of the supply of agricultural products in the Ambon City market and declining quantity and quality of water resources of Ambon City PDAM (since the water source for the PDAM includes springs in the Central Maluku region that are often affected by landslides). In improving preparedness, the contingency plans for floods and landslides in the border region are also an effort to build cross-border cooperation between Ambon City and Central Maluku District, related to disaster emergency management. The scenarios compiled for flood and landslide contingency plans primarily refer to information on the risk of flooding and landslides according to the climate risk and vulnerability assessment facilitated by APIK. The contingency plan review and renewal began in February 2018 and was tested through a spatial tabletop exercise (TTX) and posko (post exercise - CPX command) in August 2018. Besides contributing to the formulation of contingency plan



scenarios, the APIK DRR Specialist was involved in facilitating the finalization of contingency plans preparation until the implementation of contingency plan trials (both as resource persons and main facilitators). USAID Acting Mission Director Visit

In November 2017, USAID Indonesia's Acting Mission Director, Ryan Washburn, visited APIK sites in Maluku and had a chance to meet with the Governor of Maluku, Said Assagaff. During the meeting, Mr. Washburn expressed his appreciation to the Maluku Provincial Government for their cooperation with the USAID. Mr. Washburn—accompanied by APIK's Chief of Party, Paul Jeffery—also had the opportunity to submit several APIK documents to the Deputy Governor, Deputy Regent of Central Maluku, Deputy Regent of Aru Islands Regency, and Head of the Ambon City Planning Agency. The documents were the result of: (a) provincial-level climate risk and vulnerability studies; (b) vulnerability studies for Island Cluster no. 7 landscapes; (c) Resilience assessment of Ambon City; (d) Central Maluku Regency; (e) Aru Islands Regency; as well as (f) a study of the impacts of climate change on the productivity of cloves in a number of production centers, and the study of the impacts of climate change on the availability of clean water on Wamar Island - Aru Islands Regency. The Deputy Governor of Maluku, Zeth Sahuburua, stated that the Maluku Provincial Government greatly appreciated the support and cooperation that had been built through the APIK program. Engaging the Private Sector in Building Local Resilience

During this quarter an MoU was signed between PT Pertamina and the village of Morella with APIK as a counter signatory in an advisory role. APIK facilitated the partnership and the signing of the MoU. PT. Pertamina agreed to support Morella village through their corporate social responsibility (CSR) program, to help the village address climatic and weather-related challenges. PT. Pertamina is initially providing IDR 151.000.000 or equivalent to (USD 11,320) for adaptation actions in Negeri Morella.

Morella Village is a clove and nutmeg production area. However, nutmeg production is being impacted by unpredictable storms, torrential rainfall and more frequent flooding leading to increased risk of crop diseases during wet periods. Higher precipitation and higher wind intensity are a threat to trees with shallow roots like the nutmeg tree since it can uproot easily. Higher rainfall also impacts the nutmeg and clove drying process. Drying is a key factor in nutmeg and clove production since products that have less water content will have higher price in the market and are less susceptible to fungal diseases. Farmers in Morella still depend on sun to dry their product.

PT. Pertamina and the local working group conducted a series of activities to help increase nutmeg productivity. As the first step, PT. Pertamina invested in 20 solar driers for nutmeg. These driers were built locally and are easy to maintain. The solar drier is designed so it can also be used for other purpose like fish drier and salting.

Nutmeg Grafting Training, Morella, 18 March 2018



In addition, a training on nutmeg grafting was provided on March 18, 2018. The grafting helps ensure that the farmers get the correct ratio of male to female nutmeg plants to ensure they produce a crop.

The PT Pertamina support also helped the village set up a tree nursery to produce high quality seedlings and saplings of both nutmeg and clove trees.

Exhibit 13 below details activities in Ambon City and the Lease Islands during PY3.



Exhibit 13: Map Detailing Activities in Ambon City and Lease Islands



ARU ISLANDS DISTRICT

Increasing Resilience towards Hydro Meteorological Disasters

APIK conducted a series of training sessions on climate and weather literacy in Aru Islands District during the reporting period. Participants for this training were introduced to climate information and engaged in discussions on such topics as cloud and rain formation processes, meteorological instruments, and combining science with local knowledge. Following this training, APIK and the Aru government agreed to conduct follow up activities such as continuing to raise climate and weather information awareness and development of a flood early warning system.

Water resource management in Aru is a major issue. In the wet season, there is localized flooding and in the dry season they have water shortages. In addition, there is a risk of salt water intrusion into water sources

given extensive coastal erosion combined with tidal surges. Aru has a low drainage density/capacity and low absorption of surface water primarily due to the land type that is mostly clay and mudstone. This type of land leads to surface flow and shallow streamlines in heavy rain.

Following the training, APIK installed an automatic rain gauge in Aru. This is the first such device in Aru and the aim is to collate data regarding rainfall in Aru and use this as a training tool to help build climate and weather information awareness in the community. The rain gauge will also be used as an early warning system. The data from the rain gauge can be accessed from http://202.90.198.212/awscenter/index.php. Please note it is possible to sign in as a guest without a password.

Aru Vulnerability Assessment

Aru Islands District is predominantly flat, and it is difficult to catch and store water from rainfall. Wamar Island is the location of Dobo City, the capital of the district and center of the local economy. Given that the Island does not have any surface water, residents rely on 25 ground water wells as their main sources of water. These are mostly shallow wells with very low capacity and brackish water; many have already dried out. With the limited pumping capacity and depleted aquifer, the water utility can only serve about 60% of total population in Dobo City. Therefore, water resource management is very important. The government in Aru District has recommended two focus villages for the APIK Program, namely Wangel and Durjela villages in Wamar Island to improve water resource management.

An important aim of the vulnerability assessment process is to build local ownership over the whole assessment with local government “owning” and adopting the reports. In order to do this, APIK ensured local government officials led the process with technical support and facilitation from APIK. Carrying out the assessment in this way takes more time and is an intense process but leads to a greater chance of sustainability and of the results effectively influencing local government budgets. The process also develops local capacity, identifies local experts, and connects the experts with government as potential future resources.

ARG Installation, Aru, 14 March 2018

http://202.90.198.212/awscenter/index.php



The vulnerability assessment process for Aru Islands District was carried out through three stages of workshops and focus group discussions. In the first workshop on vulnerability and climate risk studies, participants discussed the impacts of climate change, strategic areas that have an impact on regional income and losses while reducing resilience in Aru Islands District.

At this first workshop participants from various agencies, community members and NGOs chose five strategic areas for the assessment, namely: (1) fishery, (2) agriculture, (3) transportation, (4) water, and (5) housing.

Access to clean water is still a major problem for the people of Aru Islands. This is due to lack of availability of raw water sources, especially in the dry season. There are even certain regions that do not have water sources, so that the need for clean water is only met through rain-fed water. Besides that, the lack of adequate infrastructure support is also an obstacle in the provision of clean water.

In the water sector, the influential climate stressors include an increase in air temperature and sea level, drought, and extreme rain as well as more frequent and unpredictable (out of season) extreme weather events. Impacts have already been felt in Aru, including seawater intrusion on water sources; during drought, the impact is dry water sources, decrease in water availability and decrease in water quality; during extreme rain, the water debit increases, and unprotected springs become cloudy as disease vectors multiply.

Aru Resilience Scorecard

Based on the resilience scorecard, Aru has an average score of 0.84 (scale of 0-5; where 0 is not at all resilient and 5 is well prepared); this shows that Aru is still highly vulnerable to disasters and has low capacity in disaster risk management. The results for each of the indicators shows that there are still many things that must be done in the Aru Islands District in terms of disaster risk management. This will include all participation from multi stakeholders ranging from legislation, academic, NGOs, businesses and others to improve the DRR management system. Based on the measurement, Aru had a particularly low score on Indicator 2 (knowledge on disaster risk) of 0.27, and in indicator 9 (Disaster Preparedness) of 0.33. The complete report on Aru Scorecard can be seen in Annex G. After finishing the indicator scoring, APIK will use the scorecard results to inform recommendations for program priorities. In Aru, APIK and the City Officials agreed to use scorecard results as inputs for the upcoming RPJMD formulation. The strong institutional buy-in shows that APIK is recognized as a strategic partner for the local government in building resilience towards climate impact and disaster risk reduction. Exhibit 14 below details activities in the Aru Islands during PY3.



Exhibit 14: Map Detailing Activities in Aru Islands



SECTION 4: CROSS-CUTTING

PRIVATE SECTOR ENGAGEMENT Establish and Leverage Private Sector Partnerships to Strengthen Local Resilience

During PY3 APIK has reached out, engaged, and maintained relationships with 25 companies including US-based companies. Specific multinational corporations include Cargill, Greenfields, Syngenta, Coca-Cola and also leading national companies like ACA Insurance, Multi Bintang Indonesia, Pertamina, Garuda Indonesia, Japfa, PLN, Bank Indonesia, Angkasa Pura, Pelindo, as well as local (regionally based) companies such as Bank Sultra, Bank Jatim, Kalla Kakao, Harta Samudera, PT Jatinom Poultry, Bank MalukuMalut. APIK also took the opportunity to reach out to business associations such as Amcham, SCOPI, KADIN, Ethical Tea Partnership and also private sector forums namely East Java and Mojokerto District CSR Forum, Water Alliance Mojokerto, Paguyuban Peternak Rakyat Nasional (PPRN) Blitar2. Exhibit 15 summarizes private sector engagement during PY3.

Exhibit 15. Summary of APIK Private Sector Engagement

Private sector partnership implementation is already underway with five companies in the three regional areas as follows:

Southeast Sulawesi The Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between APIK and three companies (Bank Sultra, ACA Insurance and Syngenta Indonesia) was signed on 12th December 2017. The aim of this partnership is to improve resilience of corn farmers in South Konawe District through piloting of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) combined with improved financial service access (loans and insurance). CSA for corn involves private sector actors whose businesses are focused on seed production, financial and insurance services as well as traders. Farmers not only acquired information about weather and climate, good cultivation practices, but also on financial services, business management and plant protection – also importantly, during the trainings the farmers make connections directly to representatives of the banks, insurance companies, agri-business companies and traders. The initial contribution of private partners is around US$ 12,830 consisting of providing high yield seeds, technical

2 Paguyuban Peternak Rakyat Nasional (National Layer Smallholders Group)



assistance for good agriculture practices, financial and insurance literacy. It is projected at least 5,000 farmers will improve their resilience during the next 5 years through the application of knowledge from Climate Field School (CFS), access to credit from Bank Sultra, and crop insurance. The value of partnership of this collaboration is around US$ 4,622,000 during the next 5 years.

East Java In East Java, APIK initiated a partnership with Cargill Indonesia, PT and Paguyuban Peternak Rakyat Nasional (PPRN). The Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between APIK and these two private actors was signed on 29th August 2018. The aim of the partnership with Cargill Indonesia and PPRN Blitar is to improve resilience of chicken farmers in Blitar District. Farmers will receive training in climate and disaster resilience, learn about the potential impact of changing climate on egg production and be provided with practical solutions to reduce this risk. The initial contribution of private partners is around US$ 30,189 (Cargill: US$ 22,642, PPRN: US$ 7,547) consisting of providing new chicken sheds built to international standards and designed to cope better with increasing temperatures and extreme weather events, technical assistance for good poultry management, chickens and chicken feed. It is projected at least 1,000 smallholders will improve their resilience during next 5 years through the application of new technology, good poultry management, and knowledge on weather and climate. The projected minimum value of this partnership is around US$ 3,735,000 during the next 5 years based on information from Cargill and PPRN. Exhibit 16 details the roles and responsibilities of the different partners in this collaboration.

Exhibit 16. APIK Collaboration with Cargill and PPRN

Maluku On 22nd February 2018 APIK signed a partnership agreement with PT Pertamina TBBM Wayame and Pokmas Morella to support local resilience in Negeri3 Morella Ambon, especially to increase quality and quantity of nutmeg and clove that are the main source of income of local people in Negeri Morella. The production of nutmeg and clove is being hampered by climate change and specifically increasing unpredictable weather events which are disrupting harvest, drying and storage of the nutmeg and cloves. In addition the availability of water and longer dry seasons are affecting production and so new improved varieties that are more tolerant to drought are being introduced. The initial contribution of

3 In Maluku villages are referred to as Negeri



private partners is US$ 11,321 consists of solar dryers, technical assistance for grafting, and providing greenhouse for quality seedling production. It is projected around 100 farmers in the village will improve their resilience during next 5 years through the application of proper post harvesting techniques, solar dryer utilization, new variety of seeds, and knowledge on weather and climate. The value of this partnership is at least US$ 43,000 during the next 5 years. Next Steps and Partnership Status

Following meetings with potential companies in each region there is a strong commitment to collaborate with APIK for specific adaptation actions in many sectors as can be seen in Table 3 below.

At the national level, APIK actively participates and provides inputs to the regular meetings of Private Sector Forum for Disaster Risk Reduction during December 2017 – August 2018. One of the forum’s mission is to increase capacity of businesses on disaster risk reduction (pre disaster, disaster response, and post disaster). There is a high demand from businesses with regards to practical guidelines on vulnerability assessment and business continuity management. To address this, the forum asked APIK to support the development of these guidelines. This practical guideline will be distributed to businesses in some private sector events, and prepared in collaboration with APINDO for more wider distribution. The development of the guideline will begin in November 2018.

Table 3: Status of the Engagement with Companies in PY3

Company Status 1. Bank Sultra, PT Continue the collaboration activities for Climate Smart Agriculture

(CSA) in Konawe Selatan, Southeast Sulawesi 2. ACA Insurance Continue the collaboration activities for Climate Smart Agriculture

(CSA) in Konawe Selatan, Southeast Sulawesi 3. Cargill Indonesia, PT Starting piloting activities for strengthening resilience of chicken

farmers in Blitar District 4. Pertamina TBBM Wayame Monitoring and evaluation for the immediate impact of the support

to farmers in Negeri Morella, Ambon. 5. Kalla Kakao Industri, PT Finalization of the concept note and draft of MoU for integrating

climate and weather information in the business operation of the company (cacao production) in South Konawe

6. Multi Bintang Indonesia, PT Finalization of the concept note and draft MoU for collaboration action water catchment area conservation in Pacet, Padusan, and Kemiri landscape, Mojokerto District

7. Water Alliance and CSR Forum Mojokerto

Finalization of the concept note and draft of MoU for collaboration actions to support the development of community based water supply system in Kunjorowesi and Duyung Village, Mojokerto

8. Greenfields Indonesia, PT Development of concept note and deal making for the collaboration actions to support resilience of local community to develop infiltration well in Ngajum Sub-district, Blitar District

9. Angkasa Pura, PT Finalization of the concept note and draft MoU fo the revitalization of mangrove in Kalanganyar Village, Sidoarjo District as an adaptation action to reduce the impact of sea level rising.

10. SYNGENTA Foundation Indonesia

Committed to having a joint effort with APIK for piloting of weather index insurance in East Java



RESILIENCE FUND

During PY3, APIK has channeled IDR 2.168.429.000 (equivalent to USD 156,855) through the resilience fund mechanism. The APIK Resilience Fund supports activities at all levels—national, provincial, city/district, and community—as the Project seeks to strengthen the ability of communities, local governments, and businesses to anticipate and/or respond to weather-related disasters or climate change. The Resilience Fund supports diverse partners in developing innovative new products and services, and/or actions and co-investments by NGOs and private businesses with local governments and local communities in climate and disaster resilience measures. In PY3 the Resilience Fund continued to focus on designing and making awards that are in alignment with the priorities detailed in each province and landscape.

Table 4 below provides a summary of resilience fund grants implemented during PY3.

Table 4: Resilience Fund Grants Grantees Working Area Brief Description of Grant

Pusat Kajian Teknologi Terapan (PKTT) Fakultas Teknik dan Ilmu Komputer (FTIKA), Yayasan Perguruan Tinggi Islam Raden Rahmat (YPTI), Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat (UNIRA)

Project duration: March 5 to November 5, 2018.

Sumberbrantas and Tulungrejo villages, Batu, East Java

Implementing the conservation agriculture as a farmers’ adaptation effort to the impact of climate change in Sumberbrantas and Tulungrejo villages, Batu, East Java.

Sumberbrantas and Tulungrejo villages are located in the highlands of East Java. Most of the people who live in the area are farmers. Today the main farming commodity is potato. Potato cultivation has led to soil erosion and causes landslide and flood especially in the wet season. APIK and PKKT UNIRA had come with two approaches, first is to introducing chayote as an environment friendly commodity that will not cause a soil erosion (the fruit is planted using trellis i.e. raised above ground) and using dripping irrigation methods to save water consumption and water loss. The Chayote absorbs heavy rainfall and so there is less run off and more soil water absorption, the ground under the trellis is not disturbed and so less susceptible to landslides. In addition the farmers are getting significant additional income from the Chayote.

Yayasan PATTIRO Malang

Project duration: April 9 to November 9, 2018.

Sitiarjo and Sukodono Village, Malang

Mainstreaming climate and disaster resilience issues through building disaster preparedness in Sitiarjo and Sukodono Village, Malang District. In Sitiarjo, PATTIRO and APIK have developed a contingency plan and will install Early Warning System (for flood) to reducing the flood risk and impact. APIK will also engage coffee producers in Sukodono, to map the coffee production problems within the area. APIK will try to overcome some existing issues such as productivity and disease risk as a result of climate issues. Based on APIK initial mapping, the main problem to coffee production is due to weather related problems during flowering and harvesting.



Wahana Edukasi Harapan Alam Semesta (WEHASTA)

Project duration: August 10, 2018 to June 9, 2019.

Banyulegi village, Dawarblandong subdistrict, in Mojokerto District and Plabuhan, Purisemanding, and Bangsri villages, Plandaan subdistrict, Jombang District

Introducing applied technology for building climate and disaster resilient village for Banyulegi village, Dawarblandong subdistrict, in Mojokerto District and Plabuhan, Purisemanding, and Bangsri villages, Plandaan subdistrict, Jombang District. These three areas are located in a drought prone area. To increase their resilience, WEHASTA and APIK will develop rain water harvesting (RWH) tools in Plabuhan Village, Jombang. This RWH will be built by modification of existing water supply infrastructure. WEHASTA also will conducted water infiltration conservation.

Lembaga Partisipasi Pembangunan Masyarakat (LPPM) Maluku

Project duration: August 6, 2018 to August 5, 2019.

Haruku, Wassu, and Ameth villages in Lease Islands, Central Maluku district.

Weather and climate information system and permaculture for climate change adaptation in Haruku, Wassu, and Ameth villages in Lease Islands, Central Maluku district. Most of the people who lives in the area are fisherfolk. They frequently face challenges because of bad weather (high waves, storms) during the fishing season. In order to overcome those issues and increase people knowledge and resilience, LPPM and APIK will work on development of fish finder tools and installing a CWI display in the three villages. Since those three villages are located in the islands, vegetables supplies is also an issue especially when stormy weather. LPPM will conduct a campaign in permaculture, supporting the planting of vegetables in backyards. By conducted permaculture, people will diversify production and overcome climate related issues as they will maintain a source of nutrition and income even when not able to go to sea.

Destructive Fishing Watch (DFW) Indonesia

Project Duration:

August 25, 2017 to December 24, 2018

Southeast Sulawesi, South Konawe

3 Villages (Rumba-rumba, Awunio, and Batujaya)

Build awareness and capacity of vulnerability communities in integration of climate adaptation and disaster risk reduction in village development and improve mangrove ecosystem. In addition implement climate weather information services to build resilience in South Konawe district. Awunio and Rumba-rumba have experienced flooding events that are intensifying over the recent years, while Batujaya has experienced coastal erosion. DFW worked with the 3 villages on the risk assessment and local resilience action planning. For example, given that there is aquaculture fishery in Awunio, DFW improved community livelihoods through working with fish farmers on how to reduce flooding of their fish ponds through mangrove reforestation. In the two other villages, DFW is working with the communities on economic resilience



through providing improved varieties of seaweed and also processing for local production of cashew nut.

Lembaga Pengembangan Masyarakat Pesisir dan Pedalaman (LePMIL)

Project Duration:

August 23, 2017 to November 22, 2018

Southeast Sulawesi, South Konawe, and Kendari

5 Villages (Matawolasi, Lamokula; Kelurahan: Poasia, Baruga, and Lapulu)

Increase awareness, integrate climate adaptation and build resilience of local government and communities in Wanggu watershed using a landscape approach. The two villages in South Konawe have high landslide risk, particularly during the wet season, while the three villages in Kendari have flooding issues. LePMIL is working in the five villages to rehabilitate the watershed through collaboration with key stakeholders, e.g. the watershed management agency and the forest management agency, including advocacy for planning and budgeting at village level as well as local government level.

Yayasan Walang Perempuan

Project Duration:

May 16, 2017 to October 30, 2018

Maluku, Ambon Island

6 Villages (Leihari, Passo, Soya, Hative Besar, Allang, Negeri Lima)

Building Community resilience in reducing the climate and disaster risks in Ambon Island, Maluku Province by improving traditional wisdom of Nanaku and Sasi with climate and weather information services. They identified local wisdom/knowledge in the six villages related to seasonal forecasting and worked with local BMKG office ways to integrate modern climate and weather information into these traditional systems. Solar dryers for clove and nutmeg production and building economic resilience were provided for three villages and disaster contingency plans were planned. The Nanaku system is now fully documented and aligned with BMKG. The project also successfully influenced village funds (dana desa). The final results for this project will be reported in Q1 PY4 as the grant will end in October 2018.

Yayasan PATTIRO

Project Duration:

June 16, 2017 to August 15, 2018

East Java, Blitar District

2 Villages (Semen and Sutojayan)

Improve capacity of community and local government in dealing with impacts of weather based natural disasters such as flood and landslide in Blitar District. Sutojayan often experiences flooding issue as the location is relatively low lying, while the catchment area upstream is degraded. The local resilience action planning indicated that land/forest rehabilitation is an important recommendation for a long term solution. As a result the village collaborated with forest management including the government agency Perhutani. Similarly, Sutojayan also has flooding issues caused by inadequate drainage system and exacerbated by more frequent storms with heavy rainfall. Specific activities carried out during this project were the installation of an automatic rain gauge in Desa Semen and providing handy-talky to disaster preparedness working group in Sutojayan as well as disaster contingency planning for flooding. In Desa Semen the project worked with village government to include



climate and disaster resilience into the village fund for supporting the disaster preparedness group and to maintain the rain gauge.

In addition to the abovementioned grants, an open source competition for climate and weather information systems launched in July 2017 continued to develop the Automatic Rain Gauges (ARG). APIK Project and BMKG agreed to take 1 out of 5 best prototypes to get the best and valuable prototype to be replicated to APIK project sites. For the initial phase, the winner of this competition, CV. Buana Karya Mandiri, has started to replicate and develop 3 ARG prototypes for villages in Klorak River, Mojokerto District since March 2018 with a budget of IDR 235.200.000 or USD 17,415. The ARG prototypes were installed in Dilem, Begagan Limo, and Kalikatir villages, Mojokerto District in mid-September 2018. APIK Project is in progress of installation of one ARG prototype in Semen village, Blitar District.

GENDER MAINSTREAMING Gender equality and female empowerment are central to achieving APIK’s objective of improving the management of climate and disaster risk in Indonesia. USAID’s initial gender analysis on the intersection of gender and climate change in Indonesia suggested that many of the issues related to climate change adaptation are due to pre-existing and sometimes historic inequalities.

Within this year, APIK mainly worked in strengthening Gender Budgeting and integration of gender strategies in to local climate resilience strategies. APIK provided inputs for Gender Mainstreaming in the Maluku local action plan, mainly focusing on the overview, priority and climate change control section as well as ensuring there is a gender sensitive implementation strategy. In general, APIK found that the roadmap document is still gender neutral.

Gender Budget Study

Throughout the planning and budgeting documents, APIK encouraged the importance of gender responsive policies and planning in every sector. APIK Gender Budget strategy aims to strengthen coordination on advocacy regarding gender and climate change. Specifically, APIK aimed to advocate for gender responsive policies and actions in addressing impacts of climate change impact and to strengthen sub national level gender and climate change advocacy program.

In Ambon APIK has finalized the Gender Action Plan and Gender Budget Statement (GBS) for several agencies in Ambon City and Maluku Province. Those agencies are (1) Disaster Risk Management Agency, (2) Fishery Agency, (3) Environment and Forestry Agency, (4) Bappeda Ambon and Maluku Province, and (5) Child and Women Empowerment Agency in Ambon and Maluku. As a result of this work the agencies listed above will include gender related activities in their next budget and planning cycle. This will continue to be monitored by the APIK team.

While in Batu, East Java, five local government agencies (Food Security Agency, Cooperation and Trading Agency, Women Empowerment and Child Protection Agency, Agriculture Agency, and Bappeda) agreed to sign the gender budget statement. Please see East Java section of this report for more detail on this activity.

Integrating Gender in Climate Resilience Strategy

In Maluku climate adaptation document (RAD API), program/activities are developed by referring to the result of gender budget training in Maluku. Programs/activities developed clearly mention the need to include women as active participants as well as considering gender specific needs and the training



for village facilitators includes gender issues. Specific needs included in the disaster management plan include: access for public meetings, segregated access to shelters and taking into account specific hygiene needs during a disaster.

Leveraging Local Gender Empowerment to Colombo Plan

The female farmer group (KWT) Berkah Mandiri in Batu city has received support from Batu City Food Security Office facilitated by USAID APIK. During PY3 APIK provided a training on gender responsive budgeting for several agencies including the food security office. The Ministry of Woman Empowerment and Child Protection (KPPPA) sees APIK intervention to KWT as a good example in how female farmers organize themselves and improve agricultural productivity and livelihoods. As preparation to conduct climate resilience training for Fiji Government in cooperation with Colombo Plan Secretariat, representatives from the KPPPA visited KWT Berkah Mandiri’s nursery field to gather lessons they intend to share at the training.

Ibu Ciput Purwiati, one of the KPPPA representatives, was impressed with KWT Berkah Mandiri’s work and how the village authorities support their work. KPPPA invited USAID APIK to participate in the development of training materials and has requested an APIK representative to be included as resource person for the training on Gender mainstreaming in Climate Adaptation that is scheduled to be held in November 2018. This acknowledgement from the KPPPA shows a good buy in and interest from the ministry.

COMMUNICATION, OUTREACH, AND KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT With many project activities in PY3, the Communication, Outreach, and Knowledge Management (COKM) team was also very active. In PY3, the team focused on developing project materials such as newsletters, brochures and press releases, utilizing social media channels more intensively, supporting the review of vulnerability assessments, assisting regional offices in events, as well as developing and maintaining relationship with media.

Communication materials produced in PY3 include a booklet on the reflection of project’s implementation, Maluku regional newsletter (4 editions), RCCC UI report booklet, policy brief for resilience fund grantees (PATTIRO and Yayasan Walang Perempuan), guideline for gender-responsive planning and budgeting, success stories, guideline for climate change facilitation on village level, factsheets (project, regional, activity), and videos (APIK profile, CFS in Southeast Sulawesi, and early warning system). The details of communication materials produced can be found in Table 5 below.

Throughout PY3, APIK was featured 94 times in the media. Details of media coverage during PY3 can be found in Annex H. The plan to visit other national-level media such as the Jakarta Post and Media Indonesia was postponed due to unavailability of the editor in chief and staff as they were fully-occupied with Asian Games event. However, communication with the editors are constantly maintained. APIK will continue carrying out media events and media trips to further build relationship and most importantly, showcase APIK achievements.

Table 5: Communication Materials Developed in PY3 Item Details Press release 2017: CFS rice in Baruga harvesting event (October 16), USAID

Acting Mission Director visit to Ambon (November 27), Business gathering in Southeast Sulawesi (December 12). 2018: Collaboration with Pertamina in Morella (February 22), Disaster Preparedness Day (April 26), CFS corn harvesting event (June 25), APIK collaboration with Cargill (August 29),



South Konawe Disaster Preparedness Group Jamboree (September 20); Sugarcane Harvest in Malang district (September 27)

Fact sheet Updated project factsheet, regional fact sheets (Southeast Sulawesi, East Java, and Maluku), village profile fact sheets (Sitiarjo, Sukodono, Plabuhan, Bareng, Tulungrejo, Semen, Sumberbrantas, Segoro Tambak, Morella, Haruku), gender budgeting and planning, Climate Field School (CFS) on sugarcane

Poster presentation For Southeast Sulawesi team presenting at the regional climate change workshop

Event-supporting materials Backdrop for events in the region, note books, photo props Book/guidance Reflection of project’s implementation, gender for gender-

responsive planning and budgeting, RCCC UI Report, guideline for climate change control facilitation on the village level,

Newsletter Maluku regional newsletter (4 editions) E-newsletter (2 editions)

Social media to commemorate events

2017: New year’s greeting 2018: International Forest Day (March 21), Fasting Month (May 17), World Environment Day (June 5), Ide Greeting (June 13), International Mangrove Day (July 26), National Technology Day (August 10), Independence Day (August 17), Ozone Protection Day (September 16), National Agriculture Day (September 24) International Disaster Preparedness Day (October 13)

Policy brief - Pattiro on climate change adaptation in Blitar - Yayasan Walang Perempuan brief on climate change

adaptation in Allang, Lima, Leahari, and Passo village in Maluku

Story Story on rice CFS in Southeast Sulawesi, women farmers’ group in Batu city (KWT Berkah Mandiri), chayote farmer who is involved in resilience fund activity with PKKT Unira, silvofishery in Sidoarjo, East Java.

Video APIK profile, CFS in Southeast Sulawesi, early warning system in Mojokerto district

Social Media and Website

In PY3, one of the main agenda is to better use social media channels to increase presence. Currently, APIK is utilizing Twitter, Facebook page, and Instagram as main channels and has been posting regularly. In the regions, Facebook and Instagram are more popular than Twitter, with most of the people have accounts on the two first apps. However, APIK is maintaining the Twitter account because many partner organizations including USAID Indonesia are active Twitter users. Additionally, tagging these organizations can help to increase visibility as they often retweet the feed to their followers.

APIK continues to utilize paid-promotion in order to grow presence and followers. During PY3, APIK promoted event-specific day on Instagram, such as International Mangrove Day (July 26), National Technology Day (August 11) and success stories such as on silvofishery and chayote farmer involved in resilience fund activity. The promotions usually run for a day with average budget of IDR 30.000 (USD 2), targeting audience of 20-55 year olds living in APIK working areas. These promotions successfully resulted in 736 likes and 90+ new followers.



The overall number of reach and impression for APIK social media channels continues to grow, however, the number of posts in Q4 is lower and less spent on paid-promotion. In Q3, the project posted 4-5 times a week, while in Q4 usually 3 times a week. The overall spent for paid-promotion in Q3 is IDR 260.000 (USD 17.1) compared to only IDR 63.000 (USD 4.1) in Q4. This is an interesting insights and will be useful for APIK’s future social media strategy. Although paid-promotion is promising, yet the project will try to encourage organic growth instead of relying on promotion. Complete social media metrics is provided in Table 6 below.

As for APIK’s website, it is still currently being revamped as due to malware embedded to the previous system, the website is unfortunately inaccessible. To prevent miscommunication, an ‘under construction’ sign is placed on the homepage. The revamping process will be completed approximately in Q1PY4. With the website not functioning, the number of viewers declined from 1,576 viewers with 3,445 page views in Q3 to 833 viewers and 1,786 page views in Q4. Overall in PY3, the number of users hit 5,750 with 13,503 page views. Website analytics for PY3 can be found below in Exhibit 17.

Additionally, with the non-functioning website, the project’s e-newsletter is also on hold, as the material is sourced from the web. When the web is on, e-newsletter will resume, and social media paid-promotion will be utilized to attract people visiting the revamped website.

Table 6: Social Media Channels Information Social media channels Metrics as of September 30 Facebook profile – USAID APIK Friends = 256 Facebook page – USAID Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim dan Ketangguhan

Followers = 7,076 (previous quarter 7,100) Likes = 7,060 (previous quarter 7,086) Reach/the number of people saw the content = 20,280 (previous quarter 31,755)

Twitter – @USAID_APIK Total tweets = 454 Tweets in the period = 123 Followers = 210 Impressions/the number of Twitter accounts reached by the tweet = 32,552 (previous quarter 47,790)

Instagram – USAID_APIK Total posts =175 Followers = 344 (previous quarter = 209) Likes = 1,866 (previous quarter 1,400)

Exhibit 17: APIK Website Analytics



Support on Events and Success Story Workshop

APIK maintained good relationship with RAN API secretariat and supported them on two events: Low Carbon Development Initiative launching on July 31 and Indonesia Climate Change Trust Fund (ICCTF) Day on August 8. RAN API secretariat was allocated with a booth and provided the space for APIK to showcase publication materials and videos together with them in the booth.

Another focus on PY3 is to develop more success story to highlight the project’s accomplishment. To do so, the COKM team conducted workshop with resilience fund grantees in Maluku: Yayasan Walang Perempuan and LPPM in August so that the organizations are able to develop stories and lesson learned according to their programs. At the same time, COKM team also carried out success story training for project’s staffs during annual work plan meeting in September and arranged an internal success story competition with cash prizes to encourage participation.

RAN API stand at ICCTF Day with APIK video playing on the screen



SECTION 5: CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED DURING THIS REPORTING PERIOD The following table summarizes challenges encountered by APIK during this reporting period and the proposed solutions implemented or planned to reduce the impact of these challenges.

Table 7: Challenges, Impact and Action Taken

Challenge This Period Impact Action Taken Within This Period The Director General (DG) of Climate Change in KLHK retired and it took a few months to have a new definitive DG.

Issues needing DG’s concurrence may be pending, e.g. the BAST (hand over report).

APIK maintained a good relationship with Director of Adaptation. Through consultation with Director of Adaptation, the BAST will be signed by Director of Adaptation.

The BAST issue continued while there had been discussions to address several items, e.g. whether the BAST is signed only by KLHK or also by other related ministries.

Delay of the BAST settlement.

APIK facilitated several discussions involving Ministry of Finance, the State Secretariat office, and other sections at KLHK to get clarity on the signatory, BAST reporting period, items to be described in the document, etc. It was agreed that the first BAST (covering PY1 and PY2) will be signed in first quarter of PY4.

Local elections (province, district, and city) that resulted in new leadership in 3 provinces and 2 district/city where APIK is working.

Possible delay/unclear commitment for resilience building efforts.

APIK initiated several discussions with the winning candidates’ team to re-introduce APIK. APIK also discussed with the development planning agencies to mainstream the climate and disaster resilience issues into the “technocratic” medium-term regional development plan RPJMD document.

Some turnover of staff at APIK. Slowing down activities that may hamper project achievements.

APIK was recruiting the replacement in advance so as to avoid time gap between the leaving staff and the new staff. At the same time, other related staff was helping during the transition.

Indictment of heads of local governments by the corruption eradication commission in some provinces, cities, districts where APIK is working.

Temporary leadership in the affected areas with lack of knowledge about APIK delaying some activities. Some disruption in government structures and decision making process

APIK maintained and strengthened relationship with other high ranking officials in the local government to ensure there is very limited impact to the work being undertaken.



SECTION 6: PERFORMANCE MONITORING Exhibit 18: APIK Result Framework



PERFORMANCE MONITORING

INDICATOR RESULT

The tables below detail APIK performance regarding High Level Results (HLRs) and Task Level Results (TLRs) during PY3. During this year, there have been a number of notable results achieved. For example the team surpassed the target for the PY3 overall achievement for HLR 2 (Number of institution with increased capacity) and HLR 3 (Number of Laws, policies, strategies, plans or regulations addressing CCA/DRR revised, proposed, or adopted at the national/subnational level). This achievement is because APIK expanded the approach from focusing in districts/city to strengthening villages directly through planning and budget advocacy.

In HLR 4 even though the achievement is still relatively low (less than 50%), but the projected minimum value generated by the partnership with five companies (Cargill, ACA, Bank Sultra, Sygenta, PT. Pertamina) over the next five years is USD 8,401,887.

As can be seen from Exhibit 19 below APIK needs to increase efforts with regard to HLR 1 and HLR 6 in particular. One of APIKs focus in the PY 4 work plan is to expand training activities to reach a greater number of people.

Exhibit 19: Graph Representation of HLR Achievement to Date Against the Life of Project (LOP) Targets

23.57%

100.00% 100.00%

42.00%

80.97%

33.15%

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%

80.00%

90.00%

100.00%

HLR 1 HLR 2 HLR 3 HLR 4 HLR 5 HLR 6

HIGH LEVEL RESULT

PY 3 Achivement



Table 8: Results Tables

HIGH LEVEL RESULT

HLR 1. People participating in CCA/DRR training programs and activities

Indicator Performance Q4 PY3 PY3 (Total) LOP (due

date) PY3 % LOP %

Number of people trained in climate change adaptation or disaster risk reduction (with at least 30% demonstrating increased CCA/DRR capacity)

Target:

10,000 30,000

People Trained

Target:

1,500 9,000 Increased Capacity

Achievement:

746 2,657 7,072 26.57% 23.57% People Trained

Achievement:

318 667 3,126 44.47% 34.73% Increased Capacity

HLR 2. National/subnational Institutions with improved capacity to integrate and address climate change and natural disaster risk


date) PY3 % LOP %

Number of institutions with improved capacity to assess or address climate change and natural disaster risks

Target

10 40

>100.00% >100.00%

Achievement 14 42 65

HLR 3. Laws, policies, strategies, plans or regulations addressing CCA/DRR


date) PY3 % LOP %

Number of Laws, policies, strategies,

Target

10 50 >100.00% >100.00%



4 This amount consists of current government and private sector contributions to resilience building activities. However, over a five year period the local economy will benefit from at least USD 8,401,887 in increased value as a result of the five private sector partnerships established during PY3 with Cargill, ACA, Bank Sultra, Syngenta, and PT. Pertamina.

plans or regulations addressing CCA/DRR revised, proposed, or adopted at the national/subnational level


HLR 4. Amount of investment mobilized (in USD) for climate change as supported by USG assistance


date) PY3 % LOP %

Amount of investment mobilized (in USD) for climate change or disaster risk reduction as supported by USG assistance

Target $

1,000,000.00 $3,000,000

76.63% 42.00%

Achievement $

66,763.86 $

766,289.03 $

1,247,973.094

HLR 5. People supported to adapt to the effects of climate change or be more resilient to natural disasters


date) PY3 % LOP %

Number of people supported by the USG to adapt to the effects of climate change or be more resilient to natural disasters (with at least 40% women)

Target:

7,500 30,000

People Supported

Target: 2,800 12,000

Women

Achievement:

2,070 8,372 24,290 >100.00% 80.97% People Supported

Achievement: 827 3,047 8,745 >100.00% 72.88%

Women

HLR 6. People using climate information or implementing risk-reducing actions to improve resilience to climate change or natural disasters




date) PY3 % LOP %

Number of people using climate information or implementing risk-reducing actions to improve resilience to climate change or natural disasters

Target 1,000 4,000

>100.00% 33.15%

Achievement 187 1,051 1,326

TASK 1

TLR 1a. Laws, policies, strategies, plans or regulations addressing CCA/DRR revised, proposed, or adopted at the national level


date) PY3 % LOP %

Number of national-level laws, policies, strategies, plans, or regulations

Target

3 10

>100.00% 60.00%

Achievement 2 4 6

TLR 1b. National forums, tools, or other approaches operationalized to strengthen coordination on CCA/DRR mainstreaming


date) PY3 % LOP %

Number of forums, tools, or other approaches operationalized to strengthen coordination on CCA/DRR mainstreaming among GOI ministries/agencies both horizontally (between sectors) and vertically (between levels of government).

Target

3 15

66.67% 26.67%

Achievement 0 2 4

TLR 1c. Changes made to the RAN-API based on lessons learned from the local level




date) PY3 % LOP %

Number of changes made to the RAN-API based on lessons learned from the local level

Target

2 10

>100.00% 70.00%

Achievement

3

7 7

TLR 1d. CCA/DRR practitioners access new or strengthened networks for sharing lessons learned and best practices at the provincial and local levels


date) PY3 % LOP %

Number of CCA/DRR practitioners that access new/strengthened networks for sharing lessons learned and best practices at the provincial and local levels

Target

150 500

>100.00% >100.00%

Achievement

325

532 0

TLR 1e. Increased awareness of national stakeholders of the economic and other impacts of climate change and weather-related natural disasters


date) PY3 % LOP %

Percent change of awareness of national stakeholders of the economic and other impacts of climate change and weather-related natural disasters

Target

35% 35%

0.00% 0.00%

Achievement 0 0 0

TASK 2

TLR 2a. Local government development plans, processes, budgets and/or operations reflect and address CCA and DRR


date) PY3 % LOP %

Target 10 30 >100.00% >100.00%



Number of local government plan, budgets, process that integrate CCA/DRR Best Practices


TLR 2b. Subnational government staff demonstrate improved capacity to address and mainstream CCA/DRR


date) PY3 % LOP %

Number of sub-national government staff who demonstrate improved capacity to address and mainstream CCA and DRR

Target 150 500

67.00% 88.00%


TLR 2c. Climate change and disaster risk assessments are completed to inform and prioritize risk reduction, and capacity to update and replicate them is institutionalized


date) PY3 % LOP %

Number of risk assessments completed with capacity to update/replicate institutionalized

Target 5 13

>100.00% 84.62%

Achievement 4 10 11

TLR 2d. Multiple districts coordinating implementation of CCA/DRR measures that improve climate and disaster resilience at the landscape level


date) PY3 % LOP %

At least 10 districts coordinating through the establishment landscape resilience strategies to address shared climate and disaster vulnerabilities

Target 1 2 2

100.00% 40.00%

Achievement 3 3 4

TLR 2e. Community CCA/DRR measures implemented with sustainable support from local government


date) PY3 % LOP %



: Number of CCA/DRR measures implemented with sustainable support from local government

Target 30 100

>100.00% 52.00%

Achievement 9 36 52

TASK 3

TLR 3a. Climate and weather information (CWI) services/systems/products improved or developed to respond to relevant climate and disaster risks


date) PY3 % LOP %

Number of climate and weather information (CWI) services/systems/ products improved or developed in response to relevant climate and weather risks

Target 2 10

>100.00% 70.00%

Achievement 2 5 7

TLR 3b.Institutions in targeted areas with improved capacity to develop, disseminate, or apply tailored weather and climate information services as a result of APIK activities


date) PY3 % LOP %

Number of institutions in targeted areas with improved capacity to develop, disseminate, or apply tailored weather and climate information services as a result of APIK activities

Target 15 65

73.33% 20.00%

Achievement 3 11 13

TASK 4

TLR 4a. Climate risk management actions implemented as part of business operations in companies across multiple sectors


date) PY3 % LOP %

Target 6 20 >100.00% 35.00%



1Number of companies, by sector, implementing climate risk management measures.

Achievement 2 7 7

TLR 4b. Private sector-related pilot activities contribute to local resilience


date) PY3 % LOP %

Number of private sector-related pilot activities designed to reduce climate/disaster risks and contribute to local resilience building

Target 3 10

>100.00% 50.00%

Achievement 2 5 5

TLR 4c. Awareness of the economic and other impacts of climate change and weather-related natural disasters improved among the private sector


date) PY3 % LOP %

Percent change of awareness of targeted private sector stakeholders of the economic and other impacts of climate change and weather-related natural disasters

Target 35% 35%

0.00% 0.00%

Achievement 0 0 0

TASK 5

TLR 5a. Models developed and disseminated on successful integration of district, provincial and national strategies for CCA and DRR mainstreaming


date) PY3 % LOP %

Number of models and examples of the successful integration of CCA and DRR by national and sub-national government agencies documented

Target 4 12

>100.00% >100.00%

Achievement 3 10 15



and disseminated to government agencies and donors across Indonesia.

TLR 5b. Tools/approaches/methodologies for integrating CCA and DRR vulnerability analysis and response/adaptation strategies used by other projects including USAID/OFDA


date) PY3 % LOP %

Number of tools or methodologies developed by APIK and used by other projects including USAID/OFDA resulting in increased capacity to integrate CCA and DRR into their respective project activity plans.

Target 2 10

>100.00% 60.00%

Achievement 0 6 6

TLR 5c. Number of APIK project update reports reviewed and approved/endorsed by technical team at semi-annual meetings


date) PY3 % LOP %

Number of APIK project report (progress/annual) reviewed and approved/endorsed by technical team in every semi-annual meeting

Target 2 10

>100.00%

>100.00% Achievement 2 4 11



SECTION 7: MOST SIGNIFICANT CHANGE

MSC Impact Monitoring will enable APIK to collect and analyze stories from the field detailing the broader impact of the project. The initial story collection method will be to meet with APIK stakeholders and beneficiaries at the national, subnational, and community levels and have conversations about climate change and natural disasters in their communities, discuss with them the strategies or initiatives that are being used to reduce risk or build resilience and identify the linkages with APIK activities. As one of the goals of the MSC is to capture any unintended impacts of APIK the questions will be as open as possible. A critical step in carrying out impact monitoring through MSC is to understand and document the causal chain from APIK actions to the broader impact. MSC is a form of participatory monitoring and evaluation tools with an underlying systematic processes that analyzes and selects the most significant stories from the field. MSC is a relatively new tool to capture the impact of a program that has complex and diverse outcomes and focused in social/behavioral changes that may not tangible for the project to measure through traditional indicators. The MSC process involves (1) the collection of significant change stories at the field level, and (2) the systematic selection of the most significant of these stories by panels of designated stakeholders and project staff Essentially, the process involves the collection of significant change (SC) stories emanating from the field level, and the systematic selection of the most significant of these stories by panels of designated stakeholders or staff. The designated staff and stakeholders are initially involved by ‘searching’ for project impact. Once changes have been captured, various people sit down together, read the stories aloud and have regular and often in-depth discussions about the value of these reported changes. When the technique is implemented successfully, whole teams of people begin to focus their attention on program impact.

APIK will conduct the MSC throughout project implementation, collecting stories of project impact on a regular basis. All team members will be encouraged by the M&E manager and communications team to initially put forward suggestions of where they feel the project is having broader impact and then get support as necessary to produce the story. Within PY3 implementation, APIK has focusing in collecting stories from east java as the pilot project for MSC implementation. There are some success stories that are already captured and highlight the impact of APIK contribution at the village/community level as detailed in the section below.

POTENTIAL SUCCESS STORIES FOR MSC

The section below highlights four success stories that demonstrate the broader impact of APIK in building sustainable resilience. These stories highlight economic resilience, leveraging government funding and replicability.

Strengthening Economical Resilience from Product Diversification

APIK conducted Climate Field School for sugar cane in Wonokerto, Malang District from October 2017 to September 2018. The CFS bring positive impact for the people. In terms of yield, through the CFS, farmers are able to increase the quantity of sugar produced by 1.08%, from 13.7% to 15.8% (this means in every 100 kg of sugar cane harvested, can produce 14.8 kg of sugar). Average district production for sugar is 100 kg sugar per ha. APIK through CFS has been able to produce 60 ton/0.5 ha, or 120 ton/ha. The main impact from the CFS is that farmers were able to get official certification



as sugar cane seed producers and so are able to produce new seedlings. This seedlings production is something that was not planned by APIK in the CFS design and results in even greater future income for the farmers. In addition as a result of the share cropping with peanuts the farmers were able to significantly increase their income.

Economic Resilience for Women

In most cases, women have less access to productive resources, services and employment opportunities than men. This gender gap is found for many assets, inputs and services such as land, livestock, farms, and technology, affecting their capacity to protect their communities from crises. To reduce the risk of food insecurity through agricultural extension service and building resilience for women to adapt with climate impact in their livelihood, APIK conducted a series of trainings for Women Farmer Groups (KWT). KWT Berkah Mandiri in Batu city has received support from Batu City Food Security Office facilitated by USAID APIK. In the previous quarter, APIK provided a training on gender responsive budgeting for several agencies including the food security office. As a result, the office is allocating budget (IDR 777.6222.000 or USD 58,688) to support the KWT activities, especially in strengthening institution capacity and training for good agriculture practices. Ministry of Woman Empowerment and Child Protection (KPPPA) sees KWT as a good example in how female farmers organize themselves. As preparation to conduct climate resilience training for Fiji Government in cooperation with Colombo Plan Secretariat, representatives from the KPPPA visited KWT Berkah Mandiri’s nursery field to gather lessons they intend to share at the training. Strengthening Village Resilience toward Public Funding Allocation

Village fund is one of the programs from the Ministry of Villages, Disadvantaged Regions and Transmigration of Indonesia as regulated by Village Law Number 6 of 2014. It is a part of a national program, and dedicated to help accelerate the development of disadvantaged villages in Indonesia. Village administrations have a great degree of autonomy over how these funds are used and so there is an opportunity for APIK to work closely with village officials and communities to influence how these funds get used especially to be allocated towards resource management, economic development, and/or environmental protection (including Climate Change).

During PY3 implementation in 14 villages in East Java, APIK has manage to help villages to access the village fund for disaster risk management, climate impact reduction and environmental protection. In total APIK and the villages in East Java has been able to access IDR 4.888.847.622 (USD 368,969.6) within PY3 implementation. In Semen, Blitar, APIK has been able to allocate funding for POKJA’s operational budget and maintenance budget for the ARG installed in the village. While in the Tulungrejo, APIK had helped the female farmers group to gained access for village fundings for buying seeds and tools.

Expansion of Landscape Level Collaboration

APIK works closely with the local government of Sidoarjo in the downstream of the Brantas Watershed in East Java. Sidoarjo is often hit by severe floods. The Brantas river is a prime source of this flooding and APIK is working together with relevant authorities to reduce this risk. However, Sidoarjo is also impacted by flooding that originates from the neighboring Pasaruan District. Pasaruan District is not in the Brantas Watershed and not a working area for APIK. The local authorities in Sidoarjo and Pasaruan have agreed to work together on flood mitigation using tools developed by APIK such as the vulnerability assessments, risk and hazard assessments, contingency planning, development of action plans and spatial planning / GIS. It is a very positive development that the local governments are independently replicating approaches developed by APIK to broaden landscape resilience. APIK is providing technical support to this process and will continue to monitor the results.



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ANNUAL REPORT PY3 - apikindonesia.or.id · Indonesia, PT. Multi Bintang Indonesia, PT. Greenfields...

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