ANNUAL REPORT Based on 2019 Grand List Data - Vermont · 2020. 1. 15. · Assessment practices in...
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES A1JANUARY 2020
DIVISION OF PROPERTY VALUATION AND REVIEW
VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES
ANNUAL REPORTBased on 2019 Grand List Data
Published Jan. 15, 2020
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 A2
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES A3JANUARY 2020
State of Vermont Department of Taxes 133 State Street Montpelier, VT 05633-1401
Agency of Administration
To: HonorableMitziJohnson,SpeakeroftheHouse HonorableTimAshe,SenatePresidentProTem
From: JillRemick,Director,PropertyValuationandReviewDivision VermontDepartmentofTaxes
Date: January9,2020
Subject: AnnualReportofPropertyValuationandReviewDivision
IampleasedtopresenttheDepartmentofTaxesPropertyValuationandReviewDivision2020AnnualReportofthe2019GrandListYear.Thisdocumentfulfillstherequirementsof 32V.S.A.§3412.
cc: GovernorPhilScott
CraigBolio,CommissionerofTaxes
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES A4JANUARY 2020
Table of ContentsProperty Tax Administration for 2019 Tax Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Equalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Figure 1. Grand List Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Property Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Figure 2. Reappraisals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Equalized Education Property Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Figure 3. U.S. Census Bureau Annual Survey of Building Permits (Vermont) by Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Figure 4. Education Property Listed Values by Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Figure 5. State Total Equalized Municipal Property Values by Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Figure 6. Personal Property on Municipal Grand List by Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Figure 7. Change in Education Equalization Property Values by County (2018-2019) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Figure 8. Education Spending by Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Figure 9. Education, Municipal, and Total Taxes Assessed (Before Income Sensitization) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Figure 10. Education, Municipal and Total Effective Tax Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Assessment practices in Vermont . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Figure 11. Statewide CLA by Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Figure 12. CLA Levels Grouped by Municipalities Above/Below CLA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Distribution of grand list CODs over time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Figure 13. Municipalities and COD by Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Payments to municipalities from state funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Figure 14. Payments to Municipalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Appeals to the Property Tax Hearing Officers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Figure 1. 2018 Appeal Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Figure 2. Appeal Activity, 2008-20181 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Computer Assisted Mass Appraisal System (CAMA) and Grand List Management Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2019 Real Estate Transaction Taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Property Transfer Tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 1. Revenue from Property Transfer Tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Land Gains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 2. Revenue from Land Gains Tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Real Estate Withholding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figure 3. Real Estate Withholding Tax Collected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Real Estate Withholding Income Tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2019 Current Use (Use Value Appraisal) Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Figure 1. Annual Current Use Enrollment 1980-2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Figure 2. Current Use Annual Enrollment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Figure 3. Recent Farm Building Enrollment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Annual Agricultural Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Use Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 4. Recent Use Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Program Costs and Tax Savings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Figure 5. Tax Savings to Landowners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Land Use Change Tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 6. Development and Withdrawal of Enrolled Land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Figure 7. Participant Tax Savings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES A5JANUARY 2020
Equalization Study Based on 2019 Grand Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Figure 1. Change in CLA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Figure 2. Equalized Education Grand List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Figure 3. 2019 Summary of Listed Values and Equalized Education Values by Category . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Figure 4. 2019 Summary of Education Equalized Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Figure 5. 2019 Summary of Listed Values and Equalized Municipal Values by Category . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Figure 6. 2019 Summary of Municipal Equalized Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Statutory Exemptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Figure 1. 2019 Statutory Exemptions—Parcel Counts and Total Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Property Tax Reduction Payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Figure 1. Education Property Tax Adjustments by Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Figure 2. Tax Year 2019 Property Tax Reduction Payment Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Actual Taxes and Tax Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74Figure 1. Education Base Rates for Homesteads and Nonresidential Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Figure 2. 2019 Actual Taxes and Tax Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Acronyms and Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 A6
JANUARY 2019
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 1
Property Tax Administration for 2019 Tax Year
EqualizationTheDivisionofPropertyValuationandReview(PVR)oftheVermontDepartmentofTaxesannuallydeterminestheequalizededucationpropertyvalue(EEPV)andcoefficientofdispersion(COD)foreachmunicipalityinVermont.TheEEPVsdeterminedaspartofthe2019equalizationstudyareameasureofthepropertydollarvalueofamunicipality.TheyareusedasanimportantdataelementinthesettingofeducationtaxratesforallVermontschooldistricts.
Themeasureofamunicipality’stotaltaxableeducationpropertyvaluetothetotaltaxableEEPVisthecommonlevelofappraisal(CLA).TheCLAisusedtoequalizetheeducationpropertytaxratesthroughoutthestate.Thisyear’sequalizationstudywasbasedontheassessedvalueofpropertyasestablishedbyeachmunicipalityasofApril1,2019.
Theproceduresforcompletingthestudymaybegenerallydescribedasfollows:
1)Dataforeachsaleoccurringineachmunicipalityiscollected,usinginformationextractedfromthePropertyTransferTaxReturnsfiledwiththeDepartment.Informationfromsalesforthecurrentyearandthetwoprioryearsisusedinthestudy.
2)Therecordsofthesalesaresenttothemunicipalitywherethesalesarerecordedforverification,andareviewisconductedofthecircumstancesofeachsale.Theverificationprocessresultsareusedtoeliminatesalesthatdonotrepresentarm’slengthsales.SpecialattentionisgiventothosesalesthatareidentifiedasoutliersorextremesbytheStatisticalPackagefortheSocialSciencesanalyticalsoftwarethatgeneratestheratios.
3)Whenthereareinsufficientsales(fewerthanfive)forareliablesampleatthetownlevel,supplementalappraisalsareobtainedtoensurethatareliablesampleisavailableforequalization.
4)Allsalesthatareapprovedforinclusioninthestudyareequalizedatthecategory,class,ortownleveldependingontheconfidencelevelpresentandarethenaggregatedtoachieveaCLA.
5)Theratiooflisted-value-to-sales-priceiscalculatedforallincludedsales.Individualratiosareexaminedforunusualvaluesandareflaggedforinvestigationandpossibleexclusionfromthesample.
6)Theratiosfortheincludedsalesareaggregatedatthegrandlistcategory,class,andforthemunicipalityasawhole.Inaddition,astatisticalanalysisisappliedtodeterminewhethertheaggregatedratiosarewithina10%marginoferrorata90%confidenceintervalforeachgrandlistcategoryanduseclass.Iftheaggregateratioofthesampleisreliableatthecategoryorclasslevel,thatratioisappliedtoequalizethecategoryorclass.Iftheratiosarenotreliableatthecategorylevel,theclasslevelisused.Iftheaggregateratioisnotreliableattheclasslevel,theratioiscomputedatthemunicipallevel.
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 2
PROPERTY TAX ADMINISTRATION FOR 2019 TAX YEAR
Figure 1. Grand List Categories
7)Theresultingreliableratiosareappliedtotheaggregategrandlistvaluefortheappropriatecategory,class,orthemunicipalitytocomputetheEEPVforthemunicipality.Theequalizededucationpropertytaxgrandlistis1%oftheEEPVforthemunicipality.
8)TheCODisalsocalculatedfromtheresultsoftheequalizationstudytoassesstheinternalfairnessofeachmunicipalgrandlist.TheCODrepresentsthedegreetowhichindividualpropertyvaluationsvaryfromtheaveragelevelofappraisalinthatmunicipality.AhighCODalsoindicatesaneedforareappraisal.
MoreinformationontheEqualizationStudycanbefoundstartingonPage33,including town-by-townresults.
Property ValuesStatewide,thetotallistedvaluewentupabout0.98%.Twofactorsgenerallyaffectthechangeinlistedvalues:newconstructionandreappraisals.
Forthe2019taxyear,therewerereappraisalsin22towns(seeFigure 2).In12ofthetowns,thereappraisalresultedinasmallergrandlistfor2019.
Newconstructionhasalmostfullyrecoveredfromthe2007peakandsubsequenthousingrecession(seeFigure 3).
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 3JANUARY 2020
PROPERTY TAX ADMINISTRATION FOR 2019 TAX YEAR
Figure 2. Reappraisals
Equalized Education Property ValuesThestatetotalequalizededucationpropertyvalueincreasedbyabout2.7%thisyear.Thiscomparesfavorablytoanincreaseofabout2.1%intheprioryear,indicatingthatVermont’srealestatemarketcontinuestorecoverfromthedownturnthatbeganin2008-2009.
Theequalizedmunicipalpropertyvalueisderivedfromthegrandlistthatmunicipalitiesusetoassessmunicipal(i.e.,non-education)propertytaxes.Someofthedifferencesbetweentheequalizedmunicipalpropertyvalues(seeFigure 5)andtheequalizededucationpropertyvaluesresultfromtheinclusionofbusinesspersonalproperty(machineryandequipment,inventory)intheequalizedmunicipalpropertyvalues.Therearealsodifferencesintheallowableveterans’exemptions ($10,000limitforeducationpropertyvalueandupto$40,000formunicipalpropertyvalue).
Figure 3. U.S. Census Bureau Annual Survey of Building Permits (Vermont) by Year
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 4
PROPERTY TAX ADMINISTRATION FOR 2019 TAX YEAR
Figure 4. Education Property Listed Values by Year
Figure 5. State Total Equalized Municipal Property Values by Year
Thetotaltaxablepersonalproperty(machinery/equipmentandinventory)valuethisyearincreasedto$970million.BothMunicipalandEducationPropertytaxesareleviedonCable(Cabletelevisionassets).However,EducationPropertytaxesarenotleviedonmachinery/equipmentnorinventory.Thisyear,45municipalitiestaxedmachineryandequipment,and9taxedinventories.
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 5JANUARY 2020
PROPERTY TAX ADMINISTRATION FOR 2019 TAX YEAR
Figure 6. Personal Property on Municipal Grand List by Year
Thisyear,allcountiesshowedanincreaseinequalizededucationpropertyvalue.Chittendensawthegreatestpercentageincreaseover2018(seeFigure 7).
Figure 7. Change in Education Equalization Property Values by County (2018-2019)
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 6
PROPERTY TAX ADMINISTRATION FOR 2019 TAX YEAR
PROPERTY TAX ADMINISTRATION FOR 2015 TAX YEAR
Notethatthevaluesfortheequalizationstudyarebasedonresultspriortoanyappeals.Appealsbymunicipalitiesmayresultinaslightreductioninthe2019equalizedvalues.Inpastyears,appealshaveresultedinlessthanhalfofapercentdecreaseinthestatewidetotalvalue.
Taxes and Tax Rates
Thehomesteadbaserateissetto1.00.Thisyear’spropertydollarequivalentyieldis$10,648.Figure 8. Education Spending by Year
1Educationspendingdefinedin16V.S.A.§4001(6)
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 7JANUARY 2020
Thefollowingaresummarynumbersconcerningthechangeintaxesassessedandeffectivetaxrates(ETRs):
Figure 9. Education, Municipal, and Total Taxes Assessed (Before Income Sensitization)
1Doesnotincludeapprox.$5.6millionineducationtaxesleviedon“increment”intaxincrementfinancing(TIF)districts.2Municipaltaxesincludetown/cityleveltaxesplustaxesofvillagesandspecialdistricts.
Figure 10. Education, Municipal and Total Effective Tax Rates
1Municipaltaxesincludetown/cityleveltaxesplustaxesofvillagesandspecialdistricts.
PROPERTY TAX ADMINISTRATION FOR 2019 TAX YEAR
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 8
Assessment practices in VermontTherearetwowidelyusedmeasuresforevaluatingassessmentpracticesinVermont—thecommonlevelofappraisal(CLA)andthecoefficientofdispersion(COD).TheCLAistheratioofamunicipality’stotalgrandlistvaluetoitscorresponding“equalized”valuederivedthroughPVR’sequalizationstudy.ThestatewideCLAwas95.6%thisyear.
Figure 11. Statewide CLA by Year
TheCLAmayalsobeusedtoevaluateassessmentpracticesbyconsideringthechangeinthenumberofmunicipalitiesthathaveextremelylowCLAs,andarethereforefarfromVermont’sstatutorilysetstandardof100%offairmarketvalue.AstheCLAdecreases,indicatingvaluationsthatarefurtherawayfromtruemarketvalue,themoredifficultitisforpropertyownerstoanalyzewhethertheirvaluationisequitable.In1981,41municipalitieswereappraisingpropertyatlessthan30%offairmarketvalue.In2007,therewereonly26districtswithaCLAlessthan60%.By2014,therewerenolongeranydistrictsthathadaCLAunder80%,thestatutorythresholdbelowwhichadistrictwouldreceiveareappraisalorderfromPVR.However,in2017,2018,and2019,Burlington’sCLAcameinlessthan80%.
WhiletheprobleminthepasthadbeenmunicipalitieswithlowCLAs,theissuenowismoreappropriatelyframedintermsofthenumberofmunicipalitieswithCLAsgreaterthan100%.In2019,atotalof105municipalities,or41%ofVermontmunicipalities,hadaCLAover100%.Thisisaconcernnotonlyintermsofappraisalaccuracy,butalsoasapotentiallegalissue.Grandlistvaluationsshouldnotexceed100%offairmarketvalue.Itisreasonabletoseesomeminorvariationaroundthe100%markbecausemarketsaredynamic,andtheevaluationandreportingofthegrandlistisasnapshotataspecifictime.Giventhesignificanceoftheissue,itwasespeciallyconcerningthatin2018therewere17municipalitieswithCLAsmorethan110%.In2019thenumberofmunicipalitiesinthiscategorywasreducedtoeight,potentiallysignalinganimprovementinfairmarketassessment.
Duringthe2019legislativesession,thelegislaturechangedtherequirementssothatmunicipalitiesmustreappraiseiftheCLAisbelow85%orabove115%(Act51of2019,Section24).Before2019,therewasonlythelower80%threshold.
PROPERTY TAX ADMINISTRATION FOR 2019 TAX YEAR
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 9JANUARY 2020
PROPERTY TAX ADMINISTRATION FOR 2019 TAX YEAR
Figure 12. CLA Levels Grouped by Municipalities Above/Below CLA
TheCODisameasureoftheequityacrossassessmentsinasinglemunicipality’sgrandlist.Inessence,theCODmeasuresthedegreetowhichindividualpropertyvaluationsvaryfromtheaveragelevelofappraisalinamunicipality.Assuch,itisaprimaryindicatoroffairnesswithinamunicipality.ThehighertheCODinamunicipality,themorelikelyitisthatsimilarpropertiesarebeingassessedatdifferentlevels,resultingininequitiesinassessmentswithinagrandlist.
AssessmentequityisimportanttomeettheequalprotectionrequirementsoftheVermontandUnitedStatesconstitutions.Ifatown’sgrandlistshowsacommonlevelofappraisalof90%andallpropertiesareassessedrelativelycloseto90%oftheirmarketvalue,thereisahighdegreeofequity,andthemunicipalitywillhavealowCOD.AssessmentstandardsgenerallyholdthatCODsof15%orlessaregoodandthatfornewer,homogenouspropertytypeslikecondominiums,aCODof10%orlessisconsideredgood.If,ontheotherhand,individualpropertiesrangeinassessmentfrom50to150%ofmarketvalue,thenpropertyownersarenotbeingtreatedfairlyintermsoftheresultingtaxburdens.Maintainingtheequityoruniformityofassessmentsismoreimportantthanmaintaininganoveralllevelofassessmentthatisclosetothe100%valuationstandard.
ExtremelylowCODscanalsoraisearedflag.LowCODscouldindicatemunicipalofficialsareassessingpropertiesbasedonrecentsaleswithoutconsideringtheimpactonsimilarpropertiesthathavenotrecentlysold.Thisisalsoknownas“saleschasing.”
The objective of ratio studies is to determine appraisal performance for the populations of properties—both sold and unsold parcels. If standardized schedules and formulas are used in the valuation process, there is little reason to expect any significant difference in appraisal performance between sold and unsold parcels. If, however, sold parcels are selectively reappraised based on their sales prices or other criteria, the appraised values used in ratio studies will not be representative and ratio statistics will be distorted. In all probability, calculated measures of central tendency will be artificially high and measure of dispersion will be artificially low.1
1PropertyAppraisalandAssessmentAdministration,page601,JosephK.Eckert,Ph.D.,GeneralEditor,IAAO
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 10JANUARY 2020
Distribution of grand list CODs over timeFigure 13belowindicatesthenumberofmunicipalities(usingabaseof254municipalities)withCODsfallingintotherangeslistedatthetopofeachcolumn.ACODnear20%isconsideredhigh.ACODunder10%isreasonable.Figure13showsthatmostmunicipalitiesfallintothegreaterthan10%yetlessthan20%category,whichindicatesreasonableoverallassessmentequity.Figure 13. Municipalities and COD by Year
Under32V.S.A.§4041a(b),asamendedinthe2019legislativesession,amunicipalitywithacommonlevelofappraisal(CLA)lessthan85%orhigherthan115%,oraCODgreaterthan20%,mustreappraise.AmunicipalitythatfailstoconductavoluntaryreappraisalwillbeorderedtodosobythedirectorofPVR.Ifamunicipalitydoesnotmakeareasonableattempttoreappraiseitsgrandlist,allstatefundingtothemunicipalitycanbewithhelduntilitcomplieswithitsreappraisalrequirement.In2019,PVRissuedreappraisalorderstofivetowns.
Payments to municipalities from state fundsTheVermontDepartmentofTaxesassiststheAgencyofAdministrationinissuingpaymentstoVermonttownsandcitiesforseveralprograms.ThebreakdownofallpaymentsmadebytheDepartmentinfiscalyear2019isdescribedinFigure 14.
Figure 14. Payments to MunicipalitiesPROPERTY TAX ADMINISTRATION FOR 2019 TAX YEAR The largest of the Department programs is the municipal Hold Harml
PROPERTY TAX ADMINISTRATION FOR 2019 TAX YEAR
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 11JANUARY 2020
persons enrolled in the Current Use Program. The Current Use Program is described in detail starting on page 18.TheDepartment’ssecondlargestpaymentprogramisPayment-In-Lieu-Of-Taxes(PILOT).AnnualPILOTpaymentsaremadetomunicipalitiestocompensateformunicipaltaxesnotcollectedduetothepresenceofstate-ownedbuildingsinamunicipality.ThesepaymentsaremadeannuallyonorbeforetheendofOctober.Paymentisbasedonthevalueofstate-ownedpropertyunder32V.S.A.§3701.In2019,StateBuildingsPILOTpaymentstotalednearly$8.75million.
Forthemostpart,theremainingprogramsprovidepaymentstomunicipalitiestoassistthemwiththecostofgrandlistmaintenanceandtohelppayforthecostofreappraisals.Theseprogramsmakeannualpaymentstomunicipalitiesforthefollowing:
• Paymentsthatmustbeusedbyamunicipalityforgrandlistmaintenanceandreappraisalcosts
• PaymentstoreimbursemunicipalitiesfortheassistancetheyprovidetoPVRinconductingthe annualequalizationstudy
SincethepassageofAct60andAct68,fundingonaper-parcelbasishasbeenavailableforeachmunicipalityforcostsrelatedtoacquiringassessmenteducationformunicipalassessmentofficialsunder32V.S.A.§3436.ThesefundsareusedbyPVRtoofferthesecoursesatnocosttoVermontlistersandassessors.Thegoalisthatthefundsareusedasintended;thatalllistersregardlessoflocationorfinancescanaccessthesecourses;andtoensureconsistentandwidespreadeducationofassessingofficialsfortheprotectionofthegrandlistandsubsequenttaxationimplications.
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 12JANUARY 2020
Education and Training
PVR’sstatutorymissionistoencourage,promote,andprovideeducationalopportunitiesandadvancementforlistersandassessorsthroughoutthestate.PVRaccomplishesthismissionby:
• creatingandpromotingrelevanteducationalopportunitiesfortheassessmentcommunity;
• developingcooperativerelationshipswithassessmenteducationentities;
• communicatingwithVermontofficialsandthepublic;and
• publishingandprovidingguidelinesforfairandequitablestandards.
In2019,PVRprovidedlisters,assessors,andothervaluationprofessionalswithtraininginmanyaspectsofpropertyvaluation,taxadministration,andassessment.Arangeofofferingswasprovidedsothatlistersandassessorswithvaryingdegreesofexperiencecouldtakeaclassappropriatetothelevelsoftheirexperienceandunderstanding.Therewere11topicspresentedduringtheyearatvariouslocationsaroundthestate,totaling610participants.
PVRstaffpresentedthefollowingclasses:
• CurrentUse(2classlocations)
• NewandSeasonedListerTraining(3classlocations,2-dayclass)
• DataCollection(4-daypresentation)
• Grievance,Appeals&BestPractice
• myVTax/SalesStudyforEqualizationStudy
• Equalization/CertifiedSales
• ReappraisalProcess
• LandSchedule
PVRalsosponsoredtheInternationalAssociationofAssessingOfficers(IAAO)courseUnderstandingRealPropertyAppraisal(IAAO100-2-daycourse).
Therewerealsoindividualtrainingsessionsfortown-specificissues:
• SolarandCellTowers
• TipsandTricksforOfficeOrganization
PVRcontinuesitscollaborationwiththeUniversityofVermontExtensionServicetoprovideseminarsattheTownOfficersEducationConference(TOEC).Listersagainwerethelargestaudienceatthe2019springsessionsheldatmultiplelocationsaroundthestate.
ThefundsappropriatedtoPVRforlistereducationprovideopportunitiesforlisterstoattendclassesatnocharge.Otherwise,listerswouldfrequentlynothavetheresourcestoattendclasses.
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 13JANUARY 2020
EDUCATION AND TRAINING
PVRiscontinuouslylookingtointroducenewwaysofpresentingcourseswhichwillbetterreachthetargetaudienceandenablemoremunicipalofficialstoparticipateineducationprograms.Tothatend,PVRhasbeencollaboratingwiththeVermontAssessorsandListersAssociation,VermontLeagueofCitiesandTowns,VermontStateArchivesandRecordsAdministration,andtheNewEnglandMunicipalResourceCentertoofferanassortmentofcollaborativeopportunitiesandexpandedaccess.
PVRisnowinthesixthyearoftheVermontPropertyAssessorCertificationProgram(VPACP)forlistersandassessors.VPACPcreatesfourlevelsofdesignation.Eachlevelhasprerequisitesandrequirements,includinglevelsofworkexperienceandtraining.Thiscertificationisdesignedtoencouragebeginninglisterstoparticipateandacquireessentialknowledge.Thisisparticularlyimportantsincetheirworkheavilyimpactsgrandlistsineverymunicipalityinthestate.
Theprogramhasawarded109designationssinceitsinception:
• VermontPropertyAssessorlevel1(VPA1)–49
• VermontPropertyAssessorlevel2(VPAII)–27
• VermontPropertyAssessorlevel3(VPAIII)–24
• VermontMasterPropertyAssessorlevel4(VMPAIV)–9
InadditiontotheVPACPProgram,PVRisresponsiblefortheaccreditationandapprovalofVermontappraisalfirms.Thesefirmscomprisesupervisors,appraisers,andappraisertraineeswhoareavailabletoworkforandwithmunicipalitieswhosecitiesortownsrequireassessmentservicesormaybeundergoingreappraisals.TheDepartmentmaintainsandregularlyupdatesthislistontheDepartment’swebsite.
• AppraisalFirm–18
• ProjectSupervisors–51
• Appraisers–9
• AppraiserTrainees–15
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 14JANUARY 2020
Appeals to the Property Tax Hearing Officers
Under32V.S.A.§§4461-4469,propertyownershavetherighttoappealdecisionsofthelocalboardsofcivilauthoritytoeithertheSuperiorCourtorthedirectorofPVR.Thedirectorappointsstatehearingofficerstoholdahearinganddecidesappealsbasedontheevidenceprovided.Currently,therearesevenhearingofficers.PVRisactivelyrecruitingtoincreasethenumberofhearingofficers,toensurehearingsareconductedinatimelymanner.
AsofDecember2019,PVRreceived65appealsbasedon2018grandlistactivity.Theresultsareasfollows:
Figure 1. 2018 Appeal Activity
Oftheclosed2018appeals,5%oftheappellantswithdrewtheappeal;4%ofappealsweredismissed;18%resultedintheparcel’sFairMarketValue(FMV)beingraisedorunchanged;55%resultedtheFMVbeingreducedlessthan20%;and18%resultedintheFMVbeingreducedmorethan20%.Theremaining13activecasesinclude(10)2018appeals,(2)2017appeals,and(1)2016appeal.Figure 2. Appeal Activity, 2008-20181
1“Openappeals”weredistinguishedfromtotalappealsbeginningin2015.
AsofDecember2019,PVRhasreceived59appealsbasedon2019grandlistactivity.Currently, fourappealshavebeenwithdrawn,threehavebeendismissed,twoarependinghearing,twoarependingfinaldecision,and20arependingassignment.
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 15JANUARY 2020
Computer Assisted Mass Appraisal System (CAMA) and Grand List Management Software
UnderVermontlaw,theDepartmentofTaxesmustmaintainastatewideeducationGrandList.TheDepartmentmustcollectgrandlistdataoneachparcelineachmunicipalityinthestateandmakethisdataavailabletothepublic.Thissolutionplaysacriticalpartinthecollectionofover$1.3billioninEducationFundRevenue.Thisprogrammustcarryoutrelatedcriticalfunctionsforthiswork,suchastaxbillingbetweenthestateandeachmunicipality,homesteaddeclarations,CurrentUse,andTaxIncrementFinancingmodules.
PVRiscurrentlytransitioningtoareal-time,onlinesystemfollowinganationwiderequestforproposalsandseveralmonthsofdemonstrations,sitevisits,andlisteningtoursaroundthestate.Thisnewsystemwillensuretimely,accurate,andtransparentaccesstotheGrandListandwillleverageGIStechnologyandothermodernfeaturesinpropertytaxadministration.TheanticipatedtimelineoftransitionbeginsinJanuary2020andwillincludeamulti-yeartransitionofconversionfromthecurrentsystem,whichhasbeeninplacesince1995.
TheDepartmentcurrentlyhostsMicroSolve,aCAMAproductthatissuppliedbytheNewEnglandMunicipalResourceCenter(NEMRC).Townsarenotrequiredtouseaparticularsystem.ManytownsuseadifferentCAMAsystemtocarryouttheirworkandthenmigratethatdataintotheNEMRCGrandListprogram.Goingforward,PVRwillnolongerhostanindividualCAMAvendor.Instead,PVRwillsupporttownsinensuringtheautomaticuploadingofthenecessarygrandlistdatafromtheirCAMAsystemintothenewIntegratedPropertyTaxManagementSystem.
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 16JANUARY 2020
2019 Real Estate Transaction TaxesProperty Transfer TaxPropertyTransferTaxisataxonthetransferbydeedofrealpropertyor,effectiveJuly1,2019,atransferoracquisitionofacontrollinginterestbyanypersonwithtitletopropertyinVermont.ThePropertyTransferTaxisbaseduponthevalueoftheproperty,althoughexemptionsexistthatmayreduceorwaivethistax.APropertyTransferTaxReturnmustbefiledevenifnotaxisdue.ThereturnandpaymentswereintegratedintotheVTaxonlinesystemin2016.Paperreturnsareonlyacceptedforthosewhofilefewerthanfivereturnsperyear.AllotherreturnsmustbefiledonlineinmyVTaxandareprocessedbytheTaxpayerServicesDivision.
PropertyTransferTaxreturnsprovidecriticalinformationthatisusedbytheDepartmentofTaxes,realestateprofessionals,andthepublic.Usesofthedataincludetrackingrealestatetrends,identifyingchangestotheCurrentUseProgramenrollments,andprovidingthemaindatasetfortheDepartment’sEqualizationStudy.ThenumberofreturnsfiledwithVermont’sTaxDepartmentin FY2019exceeded29,500,withapproximately16,500“TaxDue”returns.
Figure 1. Revenue from Property Transfer Tax
Land GainsLandGainsTaxisataxonthegainfromthesaleorexchangeoflandthathasbeenheldforfewerthansixyears.ThemainpurposeofaLandGainsTaxistodiscourage“speculation,”theholdingoflandforashortperiodandsellingataprofit.Thus,thetaxrateisonaslidingscalebasedontheseller’sholdingperiodandthepercentageofthegaintothebasis.Thelongertheholdingperiodandthesmallerthepercentage,thelesstaxispaid.
Thetaxistypicallypaidbytheseller,thoughincertaincircumstances,thisliabilityistransferredtothebuyer.Ifthereisn’tanexemptiontowaivefilingthetaxreturn,thebuyerisrequiredtowithhold10percentofthepurchasepriceofthelandatclosingandsendthismoneytotheDepartment.Boththebuyerandsellerarerequiredtofilereturnstoreportthetransferwithin30daysoftheclosing,andthewithholdingiscreditedtowardsanytaxdueasshownonthereturns.Thesellermayavoidthe10%withholdingpaymentbyeitherobtainingaCommissioner’sCertificatefromtheDepartmentorbypayingtheactualtaxdueatclosing.ThenumberofreturnsfiledwiththeDepartmentin FY2019exceeded5,750returns,includingbothbuyerandsellerreturns,withapproximately 550“TaxDue”returns.
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 17JANUARY 2020
REAL ESTATE TRANSACTION TAXES
Figure 2. Revenue from Land Gains Tax
Real Estate WithholdingRealEstateWithholdingTaxisapaymentbasedonthesaleorexchangeofrealestatebynonresidentsofVermont.Althoughthebuyerisresponsibleforretainingtherealestatewithholdingatclosing,thesellerreceivesacredittobeusedontheseller’sincometaxreturn.Sinceagainfromthesaleofrealestateistaxabletoanonresident,thewithholdingprovidesassurancethatanincometaxreturnwillbefiledwithVermont.
Therateofwithholdingis2.5%ofthesalesprice.TheDepartmentmayissueaCommissioner’sCertificateforreducedwithholdingwhenthesellercanestablishthe2.5%withholdingexceedstheseller’smaximumtaxliability.ThenumberofreturnsfiledwithVermont’sTaxDepartmentinFY2019exceeded2,500.Figure 3. Real Estate Withholding Tax Collected
Real Estate Withholding Income TaxAtaxderivedfromcapitalgainsonthesaleofrealestatebynonresidentsiscalledtheRealEstateWithholdingIncomeTax.AnincometaxreturnisrequiredwhennonresidentssellrealestatewithinVermont.Therealestatewithholdingretainedatclosingisacreditagainstthistaxandanoverpaymentisrefundedtothetaxpayer.Ifthewithholdingdoesnotcovertheliability,thesellerisresponsibleforpayingthedifference.Approximately1,800incomereturnswithrealestatewithholdingwerefiledforcalendaryear2018.Revenuefiguresfromthistaxareincorporatedintotheoverallincometaxfigures.
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 18
2019 Current Use (Use Value Appraisal) Program
Vermont’sCurrentUse(UseValueAppraisal)Programbeganin1980withtheenrollmentoffewerthan120,000acres.Asof2019,thisnumberhassoaredto2,517,911acresandincludes15,490landownersand19,086parcels(seeFigure 1andFigure 2fordetails).BaseduponZIPcodesoftheowners,4,362oftheenrolledparcelsareownedbyout-of-statepersons(23%).TheVermontstatuteregulatingtheCurrentUseProgramisfoundin32V.S.A.Chapter124.
Figure 1. Annual Current Use Enrollment 1980-2019
Thepurposesoftheprogramasdefinedby32V.S.A.§3751areto:• EncourageandassistthemaintenanceofVermont’sproductiveagriculturalandforestland;
• Encourageandassistintheirconservationandpreservationforfutureproductiveuseandfortheprotectionofnaturalecologicalsystems;
• Preventtheacceleratedconversionoftheselandstomoreintensiveusebythepressureofpropertytaxationatvaluesincompatiblewiththeproductivecapacityoftheland;
• Achievemoreequitabletaxationforundevelopedlands;
• EncourageandassistinthepreservationandenhancementofVermont’sscenicnaturalresources;and
• EnablethecitizensofVermonttoplanitsorderlygrowthinthefaceofincreasingdevelopmentpressuresintheinterestsofthepublichealth,safetyandwelfare.
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 19JANUARY 2020
2019 CURRENT USE (USE VALUE APPRAISAL) PROGRAM
Landownersmayapplytohaveeligiblelandandfarmbuildingsenrolledintheprogram.Inreturnforagreeingtokeepthepropertyinagriculturalandforestproduction,thelandownerpayspropertytaxesbasedonuse value rather than fair market value.Enrolledfarmbuildingsareexemptfromtaxes.
Municipalitiesreceiveanannualpaymentfromthestate,calledthe“HoldHarmlessPayment.”Thispaymentfromthestateismeanttomakeupthedifferencebetweenthemunicipaltaxespaidatusevalueandthemunicipaltaxesthatwouldbepaidonthefairmarketvalueofenrolledlandandbuildings.
EnrolledlandisencumberedwithacontingentlieninfavoroftheStateofVermonttoensurepaymentoftheLandUseChangeTax(LUCT)shoulditeverbecomedue.TheDepartmentofTaxesnolongersubordinatesthestate’slieninfavorofamortgageduetostatutorychangesthatbecameeffectiveinJuly2019.Figure 2. Current Use Annual Enrollment
Farmbuildingsinactiveagriculturalusemaybeenrolledintheprogram.Toenrollfarmbuildings,ownersmustearn50%oftheirgrossannualincomefromthebusinessoffarmingorleasetoapersonwhoearns50%oftheirgrossannualincomefromthebusinessoffarming.Thisincludesdwellingsusedforfarmemployeehousing.
Bystatute,theusevalueonfarmbuildingsisestablishedat0%offairmarketvalue,whichmeansthelandownerpaysnopropertytaxonthesebuildings(32V.S.A.§3752(12)).For2019,thevalueoffarmbuildingsonaparcelenrolledintheprogramrangedfrom$500toover$5.36millionforthe1,824parcelsthathadenrolledfarmbuildings(Figure3).Thetotalassessedvalueofenrolledfarmbuildingsforthe2019taxyearwas$303,037,074.
Forthe2020taxyear,theCurrentUseProgramreceived370applicationsfornewenrollmentsand229applicationstoaddtoexistingenrollments.AsofDec.30,2019,thenumberoftransferapplicationsis661.TransferapplicationswillcontinuetobesubmittedforenrolledlandandbuildingsthattransferbeforeApril1,2020.
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 20
2019 CURRENT USE (USE VALUE APPRAISAL) PROGRAM
Figure 3. Recent Farm Building Enrollment
Annual Agricultural Certification Inthe2015Vermontlegislativesession,Act57,Section57,addedtherequirementforlandownerstocertifyagriculturallandandbuildingeligibilityannually.Unlikeforestland,agriculturallanddoesnothaveaninspectionormanagementplanrequirements,sothiscertificationprocessisdesignedtoensurecompliancewithagriculturaleligibility.The2018taxyearcertificationshadaninitialreturnrateofaround83%.Forthe2020taxyear,theinitialreturnratewas86%.
Whenaparcelistransferredfromoneownertoanother,theoriginalownerdoesnothavetosubmitanagriculturalcertification.Therefore,thereturnratedoesnottakeintoaccountparcelsthathavebeentransferred.
Use Values TheCurrentUseAdvisoryBoard(CUAB)ischargedwithadoptingrules,providingadministrativeoversight,andestablishingusevalues.TheCUABmeetsannuallytoreviewdatapresentedbytheAgencyofAgriculture,FoodandMarketsandbytheDepartmentofForests,ParksandRecreationregardingtheappropriateusevaluestobeassignedforthenextpropertytaxyear.
Thedataisusedtoestablishtheusevaluesforcomputingthetaxesonenrolledland(seeFigure 4).Thenetannualstumpagevalueperacreisakeycomponentforforestlandusevaluerate.Pastureandcroplandrentalvaluesarethekeycomponentforagriculturalland.
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 21JANUARY 2020
2019 CURRENT USE (USE VALUE APPRAISAL) PROGRAM
Figure 4. Recent Use Values
Program Costs and Tax SavingsTaxsavingstolandownersincreasedfrom$60.89millionin2018to$64.1millionin2019 (seeFigure 5).AsshowninFigure 1(page18),enrollmentintheprogramhadasteadyincreaseinparcels,owners,andacresenrolledexceptforthe“easy-out”yearsinthe1990sandtheslightdeclineinagriculturallandenrollmentfor2015,2017,and2018.
The“MunicipalTaxSavingstoEnrolledLandowners”columninFigure 5isthetotalmunicipaltaxessavedbyenrolledlandownersandconversely,thetaxesnotpaidtothemunicipalitybythelandowner.Thestateprovidesa“HoldHarmlessPayment”tothemunicipalityeachyearwhichmakesupforthedifferenceinthelostmunicipalpropertytaxesduetotheprioryear’scurrentuseenrollment.
TheHoldHarmlessPaymentin1980wasjustover$400,000.In2019,itwas$16.54million.Thecalculationsforeachmunicipality’sHoldHarmlessPaymentareavailableontheDepartment’swebsiteathttp://tax.vermont.gov/municipal-officials/town-treasurer/hold-harmless.
Fortheentirestate,theassessedvalueofpropertywasreducedby$3billionduetoenrollmentoflandandbuildingsintheprogram.The“EducationTaxSavingstoEnrolledLandowners”columninFigure5isthetotalstatewideeducationtaxessavedbyenrolledlandownersandconverselytheforgonerevenuetothestate’sEducationFund.“Forgonerevenue”meansthatthesetaxesareneverpaidintotheEducationFund.
In2019,theforgonerevenuetotheEducationFundwas$47,594,302.Thebreakdownofthesenumbersforeachmunicipalityisfoundattheendofthissection.ThevalueoftheprogramtoVermont’sworkinglandscape,relatingindustries,andenvironmentalqualityarenotquantifiedhere,butareviewedassignificant.
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 22
2019 CURRENT USE (USE VALUE APPRAISAL) PROGRAM
Figure 5. Tax Savings to Landowners
Land Use Change TaxAone-timeLandUseChangeTax(LUCT)isleviedwhenenrolledlandis“developed”asthattermisdefinedin32V.S.A.§3752(5).TheLUCTbecomesduewhenenrolledlandorpreviouslyenrolledlandbecomesdeveloped,ortheownerwishestoremovethelien.Alternatively,landownersmaywithdrawfromtheprogramwithoutpayingthetaxprovidedtheyhavenotdevelopedtheland,andtheliencontinues.ThelienremainsonthelanduntiltheLUCTispaid.
Bystatute,developmentincludes:
• Theconstructionofanybuilding,road,orotherstructureexceptthoseusedforfarming,logging,orforestrypurposes;
• Theuseofabuilding,road,orotherstructureforusesotherthanfarming,logging,orforestrypurposes;
• Anymining,excavation,orlandfillactivity;
• Creationofaparceloflessthan25acresunlessthetransferistoanimmediaterelativeandthenewparceliseligibleforcontinuedenrollment;
• Cuttingoftimbercontrarytoaforestorconservationmanagementplan;
• Achangeintheparceloruseofparcelinviolationoftheconservationmanagementstandards;or
• Agriculturallandandbuildingsthathaveviolatedthewaterqualityrequirementsororderunder6V.S.A.Chapter125andtheSecretaryofAgricultural,FoodandMarketshasreportedthistotheDirectorofPropertyValuationandReview.
Landcanbediscontinuedfromtheprogramwithouthavingbeenassessed.Theseacresareshowninthe“AcresWithdrawn(LUCTNotDue)”column.Ifthelandisthendevelopedinthefuture,theprogrammightfindoutaboutthedevelopmentthrougha1)titlesearchwhenaparcelisbeingtransferred,2)throughthelisterswhoareawareofthepreviousenrollment,or3)itmightgoundetectedforyears.
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 23JANUARY 2020
InNovember2017,theLUCTprocesswasmigratedintoVTax,theDepartment’staxprocessingsystem.Thisprocesshastransformedasystemthatwasheavilydependentonthepostalserviceandspreadsheetstoasystemthatallowsquickerandsmoothersubmittalofinformationbythelandowner,foresters,staff,localassessingofficials,andmunicipalclerks.AfterreceiptoftheLUCTpaymentfromthelandowner,theTaxDepartmentdistributesashareoftheLUCTcollectedwiththemunicipalitywerethelandislocated. Figure 6. Development and Withdrawal of Enrolled Land
2019 CURRENT USE (USE VALUE APPRAISAL) PROGRAM
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 24JANUARY 2020
2019 CURRENT USE (USE VALUE APPRAISAL) PROGRAM
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 25JANUARY 2020
2019 CURRENT USE (USE VALUE APPRAISAL) PROGRAM
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 26JANUARY 2020
2019 CURRENT USE (USE VALUE APPRAISAL) PROGRAM
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 27
2019 CURRENT USE (USE VALUE APPRAISAL) PROGRAM
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 28JANUARY 2020
2019 CURRENT USE (USE VALUE APPRAISAL) PROGRAM
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 29
2019 CURRENT USE (USE VALUE APPRAISAL) PROGRAM
Scho
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![Page 36: ANNUAL REPORT Based on 2019 Grand List Data - Vermont · 2020. 1. 15. · Assessment practices in Vermont There are two widely used measures for evaluating assessment practices in](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062606/5fe15c4492c4ce5019450a4a/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 30JANUARY 2020
2019 CURRENT USE (USE VALUE APPRAISAL) PROGRAM
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8
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 31JANUARY 2020
2019 CURRENT USE (USE VALUE APPRAISAL) PROGRAM
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5
![Page 38: ANNUAL REPORT Based on 2019 Grand List Data - Vermont · 2020. 1. 15. · Assessment practices in Vermont There are two widely used measures for evaluating assessment practices in](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062606/5fe15c4492c4ce5019450a4a/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 32JANUARY 2020
2019 CURRENT USE (USE VALUE APPRAISAL) PROGRAM
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 33JANUARY 2020
Equalization Study Based on 2019 Grand Lists
Thestateeducationpropertytaxisbasedoneachmunicipality’sgrandlistofproperties.PVRconductsanannualEqualizationStudyofallthemunicipalgrandlists.TheprimarypurposeoftheEqualizationStudyistoassesshowclosethegrandlistsaretofairmarketvalue.Thereferenceto“equalization”stemsfromthefactthatmostmunicipalities’grandlistsarenotat100%offairmarketvalueinanygivenyear.ResultsofthelatestEqualizationStudyareathttp://tax.vermont.gov/research-and-reports/reports/equalization-study.
TheresultsofthestudyhavelongservedasakeyfactorinthedistributionoftheEducationFund.WiththepassageofAct60(1997)andAct68(2003),theresultsofthestudybecamemorecriticaltothecalculations.
In2018and2019,PVRbeganafull-scalereviewoftheprocessoftheEqualizationStudy.Thereviewwasdesignedtoidentifyopportunitiestomodernizetheprocess,bestusestaffandresources,andensureaccuracyandequityusingcurrenttechnology.Manyofthesechangeshavebeenimplemented,includingconversiontothemyVTaxmoduleforsalesverification.PVRwillcontinuetocollaboratewiththeVermontAssociationofListersandAssessorstoensurethatthestudyservesthechangingneedsofVermontmunicipalities.
TheeducationCommonLevelofAppraisal(CLA)isonefactorusedinthecalculationofactualeducationtaxrates.
Figure 1. Change in CLA
FortownsthathaveactiveTaxIncrementFinance(TIF)districts,theeducationgrandlistfigureusedinthedeterminationoftheCLAsincludesthevalueofthe“increment.”However,theeducationgrandlistfigurereportedtotheAgencyofEducationforthosemunicipalitiestodeterminetheeducationtaxliabilitydoesnotincludethevalueofthe“increment.”
Thestudymethodologyiscoveredinthefirstsectionofthisreport,“PropertyTaxAdministrationfor2019TaxYear,”andisalsodescribedindetailinthedocumenttitled“IntroductiontoVermont’sEqualizationStudy,”availableathttps://tax.vermont.gov/research-and-reports/reports/equalization-study.
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 34JANUARY 2020
EQUALIZATION STUDY BASED ON 2019 GRAND LISTS
Figure 2. Equalized Education Grand List
2020Equalized Education Grand List
Addison
Effective January 1,
Town Name Education CLA
Total Equalized Education Grand List
Education Grand List COD
Total Taxable Parcel Count
Addison 2,078,258 103.35 10.80 2,010,960815
Bridport 1,448,497 95.93 9.95 1,509,950655
Bristol 3,352,427 96.60 7.38 3,470,3001,559
Cornwall 2,146,645 97.24 17.33 2,207,630624
Ferrisburgh 5,348,426 99.52 14.20 5,374,2601,547
Goshen 261,887 88.85 10.99 294,760139
Granville 402,970 98.52 9.68 409,010313
Hancock 338,141 106.93 8.40 316,220254
Leicester 1,778,680 99.68 13.44 1,784,460772
Lincoln 1,763,053 105.85 12.44 1,665,540720
Middlebury 9,585,698 103.06 6.61 9,301,3302,754
Monkton 2,537,888 96.11 8.76 2,640,710958
New Haven 2,908,954 93.51 12.75 3,110,980889
Orwell 1,483,929 102.11 6.43 1,453,280744
Panton 1,035,922 93.25 12.40 1,110,880320
Ripton 645,690 89.39 10.81 722,310399
Salisbury 1,940,245 93.29 12.41 2,079,870760
Shoreham 1,450,284 97.76 11.16 1,483,560723
Starksboro 1,682,772 94.74 12.94 1,776,260923
Vergennes 2,270,171 96.01 12.86 2,364,610960
Waltham 532,386 102.85 5.42 517,630223
Weybridge 1,341,076 96.21 19.91 1,393,880386
Whiting 368,390 103.90 10.16 354,550214
County Totals 46,702,389 47,352,94017,651
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 35JANUARY 2020
EQUALIZATION STUDY BASED ON 2019 GRAND LISTS
2020Equalized Education Grand List
Bennington
Effective January 1,
Town Name Education CLA
Total Equalized Education Grand List
Education Grand List COD
Total Taxable Parcel Count
Arlington 3,140,309 109.71 14.05 2,862,4901,374
Bennington 9,484,114 93.62 15.32 10,130,2905,293
Dorset 6,945,956 108.49 17.01 6,402,2101,481
Glastenbury 33,805 93.60 3.38 36,1209
Landgrove 1,039,311 105.39 17.55 986,200200
Manchester 11,826,577 104.30 16.15 11,339,1902,823
North Bennington 709,945 93.67 15.32 757,920417
Peru 2,140,313 103.95 14.32 2,059,040733
Pownal 2,714,855 101.07 12.59 2,686,0601,709
Readsboro 1,039,969 108.02 22.35 962,800710
Rupert 1,329,326 99.78 5.51 1,332,310555
Sandgate 634,902 110.08 12.89 576,760347
Searsburg 420,590 100.72 20.33 417,600160
Shaftsbury 3,461,129 107.27 13.43 3,226,7001,488
Shaftsbury ID 598,884 105.99 13.43 565,050293
Stamford 951,379 94.83 21.87 1,003,190692
Sunderland 1,505,481 98.98 13.43 1,520,930676
Winhall 7,001,649 96.94 13.14 7,222,5601,886
Woodford 577,581 101.84 13.31 567,130460
County Totals 55,556,075 54,654,55021,306
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 36
EQUALIZATION STUDY BASED ON 2019 GRAND LISTS
2020Equalized Education Grand List
Caledonia
Effective January 1,
Town Name Education CLA
Total Equalized Education Grand List
Education Grand List COD
Total Taxable Parcel Count
Barnet 2,468,166 103.85 17.23 2,376,6101,119
Burke 2,656,657 98.39 15.63 2,700,2501,239
Danville 2,983,480 100.62 21.25 2,965,0901,535
Groton 1,276,710 101.68 11.85 1,255,630747
Hardwick 1,872,510 95.33 13.82 1,964,2901,472
Kirby 564,396 102.58 4.36 550,180351
Lyndon 3,699,546 100.28 15.05 3,689,0602,239
Newark 949,230 106.60 22.28 890,440705
Peacham 1,364,595 99.83 10.06 1,366,890671
Ryegate 1,316,647 100.25 18.21 1,313,340732
Sheffield 573,278 94.17 25.79 608,780506
St. Johnsbury 5,482,700 106.04 18.40 5,170,2102,878
Stannard 183,578 91.52 14.29 200,600172
Sutton 1,009,255 107.67 16.50 937,370590
Walden 939,009 104.91 18.91 895,060729
Waterford 1,853,783 99.26 15.63 1,867,520810
Wheelock 619,485 99.49 7.13 622,670566
County Totals 29,813,025 29,373,99017,061
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 37JANUARY 2020
EQUALIZATION STUDY BASED ON 2019 GRAND LISTS
2020Equalized Education Grand List
Chittenden
Effective January 1,
Town Name Education CLA
Total Equalized Education Grand List
Education Grand List COD
Total Taxable Parcel Count
Bolton 1,281,998 93.73 9.93 1,367,710757
Buels Gore 30,756 80.34 16.61 38,28027
Burlington 37,379,829 74.77 11.73 49,995,40010,437*Charlotte 9,274,630 95.72 11.16 9,688,8901,774
Colchester 21,704,490 89.40 9.70 24,277,8806,919
Essex Town 26,499,648 91.86 6.99 28,846,9607,845
Hinesburg 6,238,615 97.76 8.71 6,381,5301,981
Huntington 2,158,164 93.54 8.90 2,307,170902
Jericho 6,699,923 97.00 6.40 6,907,1602,076
Milton 11,709,030 95.22 9.72 12,296,5504,387*Richmond 4,698,010 89.53 13.89 5,247,5101,715
Shelburne 15,498,865 92.66 11.75 16,727,3902,908
South Burlington 30,227,878 89.92 7.92 33,614,7007,603*St. George 787,915 87.74 17.83 898,030349
Underhill 3,968,357 96.33 8.39 4,119,6001,324
Westford 2,441,306 91.34 12.48 2,672,810940
Williston 20,165,517 92.80 7.33 21,729,6304,144
Winooski 5,651,153 83.75 11.48 6,747,9701,781*
County Totals 206,416,084 233,865,17057,869
Municipality has active TIF district. For more information, refer to introduction preceding this report.*
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 38JANUARY 2020
EQUALIZATION STUDY BASED ON 2019 GRAND LISTS
2020Equalized Education Grand List
Essex
Effective January 1,
Town Name Education CLA
Total Equalized Education Grand List
Education Grand List COD
Total Taxable Parcel Count
Bloomfield 297,758 105.97 8.29 280,990262
Brighton 1,396,476 106.34 15.13 1,313,1801,050
Brunswick 121,013 95.10 6.70 127,250126
Canaan 904,024 112.68 16.92 802,290657
Concord 1,135,419 98.29 8.81 1,155,2301,000
East Haven 259,721 95.04 12.93 273,290228
Essex County Unified UTG 662,570 95.79 10.94 691,670439*Granby 190,456 102.28 9.02 186,200136
Guildhall 358,377 105.62 16.14 339,310270
Lemington 170,600 105.06 11.96 162,390128
Lunenburg 1,071,024 103.48 14.56 1,034,970976
Maidstone 658,539 98.72 3.57 667,100364
Norton 310,271 93.95 16.66 330,240271
Victory 188,816 103.79 8.71 181,920142
County Totals 7,725,064 7,546,0306,049
* Six UTGs of Essex County are reported as a single unified entity as described in the introduction preceding this report.
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 39
EQUALIZATION STUDY BASED ON 2019 GRAND LISTS
2020Equalized Education Grand List
Franklin
Effective January 1,
Town Name Education CLA
Total Equalized Education Grand List
Education Grand List COD
Total Taxable Parcel Count
Bakersfield 1,173,365 94.90 11.66 1,236,460705
Berkshire 1,281,436 100.56 11.11 1,274,360730
Enosburgh 2,105,759 101.07 13.01 2,083,4501,307
Fairfax 4,487,511 89.19 8.85 5,031,4101,911
Fairfield 1,788,248 89.64 20.07 1,994,9401,014
Fletcher 1,242,203 86.17 14.25 1,441,560714
Franklin 1,587,173 96.89 15.23 1,638,120964
Georgia 5,962,833 93.99 9.76 6,344,0002,103
Highgate 4,045,660 102.89 11.95 3,931,9701,705
Montgomery 1,615,796 103.40 13.86 1,562,710941
Richford 1,639,834 113.47 20.19 1,445,1201,119
Sheldon 2,346,873 96.54 13.51 2,431,090906
St. Albans City 5,066,777 88.91 13.39 5,698,8502,247*St. Albans Town 8,985,776 101.16 10.74 8,882,8103,226
Swanton 6,570,098 100.76 9.47 6,520,6203,292
County Totals 49,899,342 51,517,47022,884
Municipality has active TIF district. For more information, refer to introduction preceding this report.*
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 40JANUARY 2020
EQUALIZATION STUDY BASED ON 2019 GRAND LISTS
2020Equalized Education Grand List
Grand Isle
Effective January 1,
Town Name Education CLA
Total Equalized Education Grand List
Education Grand List COD
Total Taxable Parcel Count
Alburgh 2,822,863 102.56 18.06 2,752,3601,827
Grand Isle 4,337,173 99.36 13.07 4,365,2101,282
Isle La Motte 1,259,881 100.73 6.20 1,250,700861
North Hero 2,996,200 94.99 11.48 3,154,2701,052
South Hero 4,844,080 98.63 7.76 4,911,3801,226
County Totals 16,260,197 16,433,9206,248
2020Equalized Education Grand List
Lamoille
Effective January 1,
Town Name Education CLA
Total Equalized Education Grand List
Education Grand List COD
Total Taxable Parcel Count
Belvidere 301,466 96.78 23.51 311,490278
Cambridge 5,389,992 97.98 12.07 5,501,0901,966
Eden 1,261,537 95.49 20.26 1,321,120873
Elmore 1,614,702 100.21 14.38 1,611,270634
Hyde Park 2,746,262 97.43 7.28 2,818,6701,479
Johnson 2,177,406 93.50 15.83 2,328,8001,327
Morristown 6,374,555 99.62 15.67 6,398,5802,391
Stowe 22,346,816 90.87 15.88 24,591,4903,833
Waterville 536,133 96.48 15.20 555,710373
Wolcott 1,522,463 95.51 12.40 1,594,110949
County Totals 44,271,332 47,032,33014,103
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 41JANUARY 2020
EQUALIZATION STUDY BASED ON 2019 GRAND LISTS
2020Equalized Education Grand List
Orange
Effective January 1,
Town Name Education CLA
Total Equalized Education Grand List
Education Grand List COD
Total Taxable Parcel Count
Bradford 2,249,354 97.90 6.62 2,297,6401,277
Braintree 1,015,813 102.29 9.77 993,070697
Brookfield 1,627,401 102.33 14.11 1,590,400871
Chelsea 1,304,560 95.85 14.60 1,361,100784
Corinth 1,494,561 105.30 13.70 1,419,350996
Fairlee 2,093,135 93.07 10.20 2,249,050670
Newbury 1,990,898 101.63 12.49 1,959,0001,380
Orange 1,013,017 98.86 17.40 1,024,690610
Randolph 4,478,281 103.45 12.41 4,329,1002,052
Strafford 1,839,402 101.65 16.25 1,809,630681
Thetford 3,510,316 92.06 12.19 3,813,1701,395
Topsham 1,087,828 102.79 14.73 1,058,280840
Tunbridge 1,630,357 102.23 16.34 1,594,770869
Vershire 696,547 94.27 9.43 738,910497
Washington 1,033,467 99.44 3.45 1,039,250684
Wells River 279,967 103.62 12.49 270,190179
West Fairlee 703,320 101.06 15.36 695,910428
Williamstown 3,643,203 103.64 9.60 3,515,2801,597
County Totals 31,691,427 31,758,79016,507
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 42
EQUALIZATION STUDY BASED ON 2019 GRAND LISTS
2020Equalized Education Grand List
Orleans
Effective January 1,
Town Name Education CLA
Total Equalized Education Grand List
Education Grand List COD
Total Taxable Parcel Count
Albany 1,005,538 108.47 16.02 927,040646
Barton 1,570,137 95.39 17.03 1,646,1001,203
Brownington 838,831 103.96 13.91 806,850665
Charleston 1,112,181 100.09 4.41 1,111,180741
Coventry 1,287,339 109.82 11.56 1,172,190586
Craftsbury 1,372,973 97.22 10.46 1,412,250757
Derby 5,285,915 97.94 12.12 5,397,1202,578
Glover 1,412,532 98.82 14.38 1,429,370864
Greensboro 2,497,657 99.19 13.20 2,517,940901
Holland 570,209 92.78 12.24 614,570509
Irasburg 1,083,903 101.70 15.96 1,065,790668
Jay 3,217,775 102.46 9.92 3,140,510901
Lowell 819,412 97.81 19.01 837,780687
Morgan 1,651,412 99.08 7.16 1,666,670851
Newport City 3,215,272 96.78 11.14 3,322,4102,010
Newport Town 1,941,690 108.70 16.12 1,786,200972
Orleans ID 507,563 94.97 17.03 534,450385
Troy 1,364,113 100.11 14.19 1,362,680989
Westfield 718,411 104.23 13.04 689,280453
Westmore 1,533,066 110.30 10.00 1,389,930691
County Totals 33,005,929 32,830,31018,057
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 43JANUARY 2020
EQUALIZATION STUDY BASED ON 2019 GRAND LISTS
2020Equalized Education Grand List
Rutland
Effective January 1,
Town Name Education CLA
Total Equalized Education Grand List
Education Grand List COD
Total Taxable Parcel Count
Benson 1,060,914 103.14 14.95 1,028,640629
Brandon 3,305,101 98.77 13.49 3,346,3401,928
Castleton 4,816,689 94.78 12.55 5,082,0302,351
Chittenden 1,719,660 98.99 8.51 1,737,200727
Clarendon 2,509,510 100.98 5.38 2,485,1701,242
Danby 1,778,635 111.46 20.10 1,595,800799
Fair Haven 1,834,501 108.59 11.16 1,689,4201,158
Hubbardton 1,087,423 93.21 14.11 1,166,640698
Ira 452,980 97.14 10.45 466,310277
Killington 7,288,607 97.40 17.22 7,482,8802,926
Mendon 1,763,313 95.83 13.90 1,840,050806
Middletown Springs 892,945 99.54 8.21 897,050477
Mount Holly 2,747,155 107.28 17.42 2,560,6701,201
Mount Tabor 228,146 102.15 4.31 223,350142
Pawlet 1,721,729 106.32 13.28 1,619,330797
Pittsfield 1,021,161 108.16 14.42 944,140499
Pittsford 3,229,223 97.26 10.35 3,320,1201,421
Poultney 3,292,497 98.15 15.84 3,354,4501,689
Proctor 1,135,881 98.48 7.50 1,153,440735
Rutland City 9,552,458 95.89 14.94 9,962,3205,870
Rutland Town 6,341,718 99.75 9.76 6,357,4801,896
Shrewsbury 1,547,272 102.25 8.22 1,513,280684
Sudbury 952,154 111.60 12.78 853,150480
Tinmouth 790,939 93.08 12.10 849,770445
Wallingford 2,296,170 102.52 6.47 2,239,6901,153
Wells 1,809,312 97.46 18.22 1,856,420972
West Haven 315,863 97.20 9.57 324,950167
West Rutland 2,091,224 107.33 3.79 1,948,3601,005
County Totals 67,583,180 67,898,45033,174
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 44
EQUALIZATION STUDY BASED ON 2019 GRAND LISTS
2020Equalized Education Grand List
Washington
Effective January 1,
Town Name Education CLA
Total Equalized Education Grand List
Education Grand List COD
Total Taxable Parcel Count
Barre City 5,025,329 96.37 11.89 5,214,7703,137*Barre Town 6,361,291 83.48 15.70 7,620,2503,540
Berlin 4,632,727 103.09 13.20 4,493,7101,465
Cabot 1,606,538 99.26 27.47 1,618,570850
Calais 2,024,324 95.61 15.49 2,117,210966
Duxbury 1,656,907 92.67 11.07 1,787,970725
East Montpelier 3,054,099 93.82 10.58 3,255,4401,190
Fayston 3,731,643 97.15 7.62 3,841,2901,174
Marshfield 1,211,873 89.58 13.35 1,352,880797
Middlesex 2,266,761 98.93 10.08 2,291,280910
Montpelier 8,392,015 86.86 10.05 9,661,7002,918
Moretown 2,247,958 94.87 14.66 2,369,500918
Northfield 3,258,823 94.78 16.34 3,438,2901,876
Plainfield 1,157,040 93.87 10.88 1,232,650585
Roxbury 758,824 97.64 19.89 777,200575
Waitsfield 3,764,569 98.92 19.19 3,805,8101,081
Warren 7,263,227 97.13 15.47 7,477,7003,168
Waterbury 7,563,900 94.03 10.55 8,043,7602,234
Woodbury 1,312,360 101.68 15.70 1,290,660861
Worcester 934,461 100.35 12.90 931,170476
County Totals 68,224,669 72,621,81029,446
Municipality has active TIF district. For more information, refer to introduction preceding this report.*
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 45JANUARY 2020
EQUALIZATION STUDY BASED ON 2019 GRAND LISTS
2020Equalized Education Grand List
Windham
Effective January 1,
Town Name Education CLA
Total Equalized Education Grand List
Education Grand List COD
Total Taxable Parcel Count
Athens 367,318 111.88 6.82 328,310252
Brattleboro 11,166,513 101.31 13.38 11,022,2004,294
Brookline 717,271 105.83 15.59 677,760329
Dover 9,828,274 102.58 14.00 9,581,3703,427
Dummerston 2,650,798 104.08 12.25 2,546,8201,004
Grafton 1,609,523 107.26 15.54 1,500,550604
Guilford 2,404,862 98.68 9.05 2,437,0301,078
Halifax 1,293,990 103.69 26.83 1,247,900644
Jamaica 2,557,351 99.46 8.12 2,571,2201,242
Londonderry 4,062,755 99.39 6.11 4,087,7901,538
Marlboro 1,517,300 101.11 9.28 1,500,660654
Newfane 2,473,568 96.86 12.41 2,553,8101,285
Putney 2,413,122 98.03 11.63 2,461,5001,005
Rockingham 4,548,024 97.88 13.53 4,646,3202,096
Somerset 133,235 99.13 8.42 134,41033
Stratton 7,773,531 95.96 14.13 8,101,1101,591
Townshend 1,859,026 99.41 13.16 1,870,1201,005
Vernon 3,955,253 104.48 3.46 3,785,530889
Wardsboro 1,516,006 98.40 10.49 1,540,6201,007
Westminster 2,851,319 98.06 19.81 2,907,6901,559
Whitingham 2,704,356 105.25 12.20 2,569,4101,134
Wilmington 7,551,322 89.22 17.77 8,463,3603,071
Windham 978,144 102.23 17.68 956,800523
County Totals 76,932,861 77,492,29030,264
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 46
EQUALIZATION STUDY BASED ON 2019 GRAND LISTS
2020Equalized Education Grand List
Windsor
Effective January 1,
Town Name Education CLA
Total Equalized Education Grand List
Education Grand List COD
Total Taxable Parcel Count
Andover 1,506,807 101.71 8.63 1,481,420561
Baltimore 200,062 97.08 3.75 206,070113
Barnard 2,731,774 97.97 6.70 2,788,440810
Bethel 1,964,093 104.29 8.63 1,883,3401,116
Bridgewater 1,792,952 98.21 5.90 1,825,660727
Cavendish 2,635,701 101.31 5.95 2,601,6701,131
Chester 4,200,760 115.41 17.50 3,639,7901,815
Hartford 13,784,948 95.28 10.81 14,468,2705,494*Hartland 4,543,594 100.77 11.79 4,508,6701,545
Ludlow 13,455,919 96.26 16.55 13,978,2503,497
Norwich 7,504,858 94.16 10.96 7,970,4101,564
Plymouth 2,337,177 99.18 7.96 2,356,4101,176
Pomfret 2,490,715 105.22 12.36 2,367,200587
Reading 1,262,576 105.42 8.74 1,197,640511
Rochester 1,656,509 109.89 14.90 1,507,370914
Royalton 2,597,607 99.20 13.81 2,618,5601,299
Sharon 1,554,158 102.39 10.40 1,517,890762
Springfield 5,342,544 97.90 7.94 5,457,1803,744
Stockbridge 1,099,081 100.70 17.21 1,091,470745
Weathersfield 3,294,746 93.94 17.43 3,507,2201,614
West Windsor 2,618,432 97.76 14.19 2,678,330886
Weston 1,990,833 96.79 13.47 2,056,830632
Windsor 2,457,809 101.52 15.49 2,421,1101,349
Woodstock 8,945,902 94.56 15.23 9,460,1401,879
County Totals 91,969,557 93,589,34034,471
Municipality has active TIF district. For more information, refer to introduction preceding this report.*
826,051,131STATE TOTALS: 863,967,390325,090
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 47JANUARY 2020
EQUALIZATION STUDY BASED ON 2019 GRAND LISTS
Figure 3. 2019 Summary of Listed Values and Equalized Education Values by Category
2019 Summary of Listed Values and Equalized Education Values by Category
CategoryListed Value Equalized Values
Property Count
R1 154,563 35,299,544,990 37,786,059,258
R2 53,930 17,999,982,051 18,068,010,771
MHU 10,019 263,406,811 267,453,639
MHL 10,475 1,084,091,843 1,093,125,188
S1 10,705 1,979,764,828 2,015,928,775
S2 5,904 969,486,480 966,722,677
COMM 14,579 9,208,694,811 9,756,942,430
CMA 2,181 1,562,564,200 1,801,499,275
IND 877 1,244,305,730 1,303,081,921
UE 982 3,270,049,030 3,284,201,024
UO 176 330,633,640 331,930,450
FRM 2,664 871,345,280 879,140,009
OTH 23,589 5,902,540,516 6,188,290,491
WOOD 6,957 509,613,897 508,871,298
MISC 27,489 1,999,334,669 2,035,726,884109,754,103109,754,103CABLE
INVENTORYMACH and EQUIP
ExemptExempt
ExemptExempt
325,090STATE TOTALS: 86,396,738,19482,605,112,879
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 48JANUARY 2020
EQUALIZATION STUDY BASED ON 2019 GRAND LISTS
Figure 4. 2019 Summary of Education Equalized Values
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 49
EQUALIZATION STUDY BASED ON 2019 GRAND LISTS
Figure 5. 2019 Summary of Listed Values and Equalized Municipal Values by Category
2019 Summary of Listed Values and Equalized Municipal Values by Category
Category Listed Value
Equalized ValuesProperty Count
R1 154,563 35,240,303,579 37,724,166,660
R2 53,930 17,974,674,544 18,042,317,004
MHU 10,019 261,969,301 265,994,998
MHL 10,475 1,079,713,243 1,088,725,013
S1 10,705 1,979,249,878 2,015,409,342
S2 5,904 968,488,980 965,742,073
COMM 14,579 9,349,614,088 9,901,824,343
CMA 2,181 1,587,773,787 1,828,113,769
IND 877 1,242,529,784 1,301,854,390
UE 982 3,474,013,420 3,494,842,976
UO 176 351,731,998 353,263,448
FRM 2,664 862,275,882 869,769,525
OTH 23,589 5,901,277,816 6,186,945,656
WOOD 6,957 508,369,217 507,701,111
MISC 27,489 1,999,521,970 2,035,929,43937,498,15537,498,155CABLE
INVENTORYMACH and EQUIP
119,429,803119,429,803851,193,925851,193,925
325,090STATE TOTALS: 87,590,721,62983,789,629,370
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 50JANUARY 2020
EQUALIZATION STUDY BASED ON 2019 GRAND LISTS
Figure 6. 2019 Summary of Municipal Equalized Values
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 51JANUARY 2020
Statutory Exemptions
Figure 1showsthenumberandvaluesofpropertiesexemptfrompropertytaxationper32V.S.A.Chapter125.Thedataisreportedforeachtown,organizedbycounty.Bystatute,severaltypesofpropertiesareexempt,includingthefollowing:
• PropertyownedbytheUnitedStates
• Stateandmunicipalgovernments
• OrganizationscharteredbyactofCongressincludingveterans’organizations
• RedCross
• BoyandGirlScoutorganizations
Alsocoveredunderthisstatutearerealandpersonalestatethatis:
• Usedforpublic,pious,andcharitableuses
• PropertyownedandoccupiedbyaYoungMen’soraWomen’sChristianAssociation
• Landandbuildingsusedforcemeterypurposes
• Groundsandpropertyownedbyagriculturalsocietiessolongasthesameareusedannuallyforagriculturalfairs
Townsshouldlistthestatutorilyexemptpropertiesintheirgrandlistsusingafairmarketvalueassessment.
Statestatute32V.S.A.§3802(a)1requirestheownersofexemptpropertiestoreporttheinsurancereplacementcostofcertaintypesofexemptproperties.
Figure1showsthenumberofexemptpropertiesreportedinlastyear’sAnnualReportandthenumberofexemptpropertiesreportedthisyear.Inaddition,Figure1indicateshowmanypropertiesarevaluedatanappraisedvalueandhowmanyareusingtheinsurancereplacementvalue.Thelastcolumnindicatestheaggregatevalueoftheexemptproperties.
1(Added2013,No.73,§29,eff.June5,2013.)
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 52
STATUTORY EXEMPTIONS
Figure 1. 2019 Statutory Exemptions—Parcel Counts and Total Value
2019 Statutory Exemptions
AddisonParcel Counts and Total Value
Parcel Counts by Tax Year
Town Name Total Value2018 2019Assessed
Value Insurance
Value
Counts by Valuation TypeUndeter-
mined
33 13,209,900Addison 33 033 0
22 4,665,800Bridport 23 021 1
118 49,449,800Bristol 120 11107 0
15 5,676,520Cornwall 15 68 1
52 23,949,100Ferrisburgh 51 942 1
5 916,700Goshen 5 05 0
11 1,296,800Granville 11 110 0
7 692,600Hancock 8 07 0
15 4,547,400Leicester 15 69 0
18 4,875,600Lincoln 18 018 0
218 467,808,800Middlebury 206 7168 43
29 3,135,200Monkton 29 128 0
25 6,297,200New Haven 26 421 0
34 7,301,960Orwell 34 034 0
15 3,894,700Panton 15 015 0
28 43,313,100Ripton 27 226 0
17 7,637,000Salisbury 17 017 0
33 8,535,500Shoreham 33 924 0
37 7,055,500Starksboro 36 037 0
46 66,142,671Vergennes 45 424 0
3 2,954,000Waltham 3 12 0
22 5,915,420Weybridge 22 121 0
14 4,777,000Whiting 11 67 1
County Totals 817 $744,048,271803 106664 47
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 53JANUARY 2020
STATUTORY EXEMPTIONS
2019 Statutory Exemptions
BenningtonParcel Counts and Total Value
Parcel Counts by Tax Year
Town Name Total Value2018 2019Assessed
Value Insurance
Value
Counts by Valuation TypeUndeter-
mined
48 23,853,400Arlington 46 048 0
235 218,981,000Bennington 238 2230 3
58 26,662,200Dorset 55 058 0
0 0Glastenbury 0 00 0
19 5,345,300Landgrove 19 217 0
83 75,251,320Manchester 84 082 1
29 5,431,500North Bennington 29 029 0
18 7,644,000Peru 18 117 0
50 13,995,600Pownal 50 1831 1
73 13,492,600Readsboro 74 073 0
24 8,130,000Rupert 21 024 0
7 388,400Sandgate 8 07 0
5 140,000Searsburg 5 05 0
36 11,272,600Shaftsbury 36 035 1
2 48,800Shaftsbury ID 2 02 0
17 4,689,500Stamford 20 215 0
22 2,566,400Sunderland 21 120 1
108 37,523,000Winhall 108 0108 0
13 31,224,800Woodford 13 112 0
County Totals 847 $486,640,420847 27813 7
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 54
STATUTORY EXEMPTIONS
2019 Statutory Exemptions
CaledoniaParcel Counts and Total Value
Parcel Counts by Tax Year
Town Name Total Value2018 2019Assessed
Value Insurance
Value
Counts by Valuation TypeUndeter-
mined
44 11,625,300Barnet 44 042 2
28 16,710,400Burke 28 028 0
51 12,845,036Danville 52 048 3
47 11,322,600Groton 47 046 1
66 27,066,800Hardwick 67 066 0
6 351,800Kirby 6 06 0
120 143,580,498Lyndon 120 0120 0
13 5,543,700Newark 13 210 1
35 10,394,400Peacham 35 035 0
28 2,594,800Ryegate 28 523 0
13 8,516,900Sheffield 12 211 0
185 216,546,350St. Johnsbury 184 23161 1
8 3,101,200Stannard 8 08 0
19 7,808,100Sutton 19 019 0
12 9,015,500Walden 12 012 0
19 10,190,900Waterford 19 613 0
17 3,565,800Wheelock 16 017 0
County Totals 711 $500,780,084710 38665 8
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 55
STATUTORY EXEMPTIONS
STATUTORY EXEMPTIONS
2019 Statutory Exemptions
ChittendenParcel Counts and Total Value
Parcel Counts by Tax Year
Town Name Total Value2018 2019Assessed
Value Insurance
Value
Counts by Valuation TypeUndeter-
mined
20 16,640,900Bolton 20 020 0
0 0Buels Gore 0 00 0
392 1,675,329,300Burlington 405 0390 2
32 24,791,500Charlotte 26 032 0
166 191,251,200Colchester 163 0166 0
143 177,759,200Essex Town 144 0143 0
55 19,481,300Hinesburg 55 055 0
20 8,949,100Huntington 20 020 0
48 99,072,900Jericho 47 1038 0
71 38,338,600Milton 59 368 0
36 27,852,900Richmond 35 333 0
72 115,419,900Shelburne 72 071 1
144 216,493,000South Burlington 139 30113 1
8 1,025,300St. George 8 26 0
38 23,924,600Underhill 38 830 0
20 5,581,800Westford 21 020 0
116 99,682,239Williston 115 4112 0
43 44,229,600Winooski 43 2221 0
County Totals 1,424 $2,785,823,3391,410 821,338 4
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 56JANUARY 2020
STATUTORY EXEMPTIONS
2019 Statutory Exemptions
EssexParcel Counts and Total Value
Parcel Counts by Tax Year
Town Name Total Value2018 2019Assessed
Value Insurance
Value
Counts by Valuation TypeUndeter-
mined
0 0Averill 0 00 0
0 0Averys Gore 0 00 0
22 3,255,900Bloomfield 22 022 0
45 11,581,722Brighton 45 439 2
22 2,854,600Brunswick 22 022 0
43 13,850,100Canaan 43 043 0
32 4,206,100Concord 32 032 0
10 1,292,700East Haven 10 010 0
7 13,260,100Ferdinand 7 07 0
10 915,000Granby 11 010 0
16 1,454,800Guildhall 16 115 0
13 1,365,700Lemington 13 013 0
10 4,748,100Lewis 10 010 0
37 8,618,200Lunenburg 35 037 0
12 5,244,600Maidstone 12 111 0
12 4,200,300Norton 12 210 0
24 12,774,200Victory 24 024 0
0 0Warners Grant 0 00 0
0 0Warren Gore 0 00 0
County Totals 315 $89,622,122314 8305 2
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 57
STATUTORY EXEMPTIONS
2019 Statutory Exemptions
FranklinParcel Counts and Total Value
Parcel Counts by Tax Year
Town Name Total Value2018 2019Assessed
Value Insurance
Value
Counts by Valuation TypeUndeter-
mined
20 7,978,600Bakersfield 20 119 0
17 2,658,700Berkshire 17 98 0
63 39,821,500Enosburgh 62 2934 0
46 13,917,100Fairfax 47 145 0
38 8,159,421Fairfield 35 1127 0
15 2,920,900Fletcher 17 510 0
20 8,545,600Franklin 20 911 0
37 12,047,800Georgia 37 037 0
56 43,739,400Highgate 56 1343 0
28 13,276,000Montgomery 28 1414 0
62 43,145,200Richford 62 059 3
24 7,544,700Sheldon 26 1212 0
69 220,272,700St. Albans City 66 3336 0
46 62,475,700St. Albans Town 47 2421 1
62 67,755,300Swanton 61 1151 0
County Totals 603 $554,258,621601 182417 4
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 58JANUARY 2020
STATUTORY EXEMPTIONS
2019 Statutory Exemptions
Grand IsleParcel Counts and Total Value
Parcel Counts by Tax Year
Town Name Total Value2018 2019Assessed
Value Insurance
Value
Counts by Valuation TypeUndeter-
mined
49 16,248,800Alburgh 48 1831 0
32 30,493,500Grand Isle 33 626 0
22 5,570,700Isle La Motte 22 022 0
30 20,396,300North Hero 30 228 0
31 14,139,700South Hero 31 1021 0
County Totals 164 $86,849,000164 36128 0
2019 Statutory Exemptions
LamoilleParcel Counts and Total Value
Parcel Counts by Tax Year
Town Name Total Value2018 2019Assessed
Value Insurance
Value
Counts by Valuation TypeUndeter-
mined
15 5,061,700Belvidere 15 510 0
55 39,609,693Cambridge 56 943 3
31 8,346,590Eden 33 031 0
12 5,355,600Elmore 12 111 0
43 73,345,200Hyde Park 42 835 0
62 97,467,200Johnson 61 259 1
98 56,836,500Morristown 97 197 0
68 58,926,200Stowe 67 067 1
12 5,823,300Waterville 12 111 0
44 7,218,400Wolcott 44 539 0
County Totals 440 $357,990,383439 42393 5
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 59
STATUTORY EXEMPTIONS
2019 Statutory Exemptions
OrangeParcel Counts and Total Value
Parcel Counts by Tax Year
Town Name Total Value2018 2019Assessed
Value Insurance
Value
Counts by Valuation TypeUndeter-
mined
53 17,692,300Bradford 53 053 0
18 4,279,400Braintree 18 414 0
23 7,180,500Brookfield 23 815 0
26 15,912,400Chelsea 26 1115 0
23 1,897,100Corinth 22 023 0
22 12,454,000Fairlee 22 022 0
60 8,118,200Newbury 60 060 0
21 7,537,400Orange 21 318 0
90 208,374,620Randolph 90 2859 3
24 8,980,800Strafford 24 222 0
58 52,448,452Thetford 58 2136 1
11 10,027,100Topsham 11 110 0
39 7,998,700Tunbridge 39 138 0
13 4,875,800Vershire 13 012 1
27 6,257,800Washington 27 225 0
27 2,779,200Wells River 27 027 0
24 2,935,100West Fairlee 23 420 0
35 32,132,550Williamstown 36 726 2
County Totals 594 $411,881,422593 92495 7
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 60
STATUTORY EXEMPTIONS
STATUTORY EXEMPTIONS
2019 Statutory Exemptions
OrleansParcel Counts and Total Value
Parcel Counts by Tax Year
Town Name Total Value2018 2019Assessed
Value Insurance
Value
Counts by Valuation TypeUndeter-
mined
20 4,465,400Albany 20 020 0
43 17,077,800Barton 42 043 0
20 3,881,400Brownington 21 019 1
22 5,752,900Charleston 22 022 0
32 4,513,900Coventry 31 1418 0
29 2,830,300Craftsbury 27 227 0
78 42,557,700Derby 74 078 0
29 5,591,700Glover 25 128 0
27 10,149,400Greensboro 24 224 1
7 5,015,900Holland 7 43 0
14 5,736,900Irasburg 21 311 0
20 5,060,700Jay 20 020 0
18 4,937,400Lowell 18 018 0
18 1,894,700Morgan 18 018 0
82 71,041,040Newport City 82 081 1
19 3,360,100Newport Town 19 019 0
19 7,207,100Orleans ID 17 019 0
49 5,509,500Troy 48 049 0
17 7,979,500Westfield 17 610 1
23 7,940,300Westmore 23 022 1
County Totals 586 $222,503,640576 32549 5
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 61JANUARY 2020
STATUTORY EXEMPTIONS
STATUTORY EXEMPTIONS
2019 Statutory Exemptions
RutlandParcel Counts and Total Value
Parcel Counts by Tax Year
Town Name Total Value2018 2019Assessed
Value Insurance
Value
Counts by Valuation TypeUndeter-
mined
20 6,820,800Benson 20 019 1
59 42,042,600Brandon 61 1643 0
90 119,603,500Castleton 90 088 2
31 31,111,300Chittenden 31 524 2
36 13,501,900Clarendon 36 036 0
27 2,296,800Danby 27 126 0
65 35,034,000Fair Haven 65 064 1
26 3,487,800Hubbardton 26 521 0
9 2,149,100Ira 9 09 0
59 17,493,670Killington 58 059 0
41 8,776,600Mendon 41 041 0
14 2,289,100Middletown Springs 14 014 0
25 4,749,956Mount Holly 25 025 0
10 26,082,800Mount Tabor 9 010 0
21 5,428,310Pawlet 20 021 0
18 23,723,800Pittsfield 15 315 0
46 22,508,100Pittsford 46 045 1
38 83,637,700Poultney 37 038 0
39 27,723,780Proctor 39 039 0
236 314,877,325Rutland City 247 0226 10
34 26,290,500Rutland Town 33 529 0
19 9,231,700Shrewsbury 19 019 0
14 2,982,372Sudbury 14 68 0
10 2,017,900Tinmouth 10 010 0
35 11,929,500Wallingford 36 133 1
17 2,412,200Wells 17 017 0
13 681,400West Haven 13 013 0
54 22,147,000West Rutland 55 054 0
County Totals 1,106 $871,031,5131,113 421,046 18
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 62
STATUTORY EXEMPTIONS
2019 Statutory Exemptions
WashingtonParcel Counts and Total Value
Parcel Counts by Tax Year
Town Name Total Value2018 2019Assessed
Value Insurance
Value
Counts by Valuation TypeUndeter-
mined
221 208,789,030Barre City 220 3216 2
131 111,944,100Barre Town 130 1129 1
84 109,542,100Berlin 85 084 0
41 5,448,900Cabot 39 239 0
26 2,917,500Calais 26 026 0
20 33,291,800Duxbury 20 020 0
46 48,437,200East Montpelier 45 1234 0
20 11,750,800Fayston 20 020 0
37 13,156,000Marshfield 37 035 2
34 9,623,000Middlesex 34 133 0
109 200,435,300Montpelier 106 0109 0
29 6,412,200Moretown 28 127 1
106 404,204,300Northfield 106 7135 0
33 32,603,700Plainfield 32 1220 1
21 8,887,200Roxbury 21 714 0
45 13,634,900Waitsfield 43 045 0
38 10,058,700Warren 39 632 0
48 246,920,300Waterbury 48 048 0
21 7,172,700Woodbury 21 615 0
20 13,645,200Worcester 20 416 0
County Totals 1,130 $1,498,874,9301,120 126997 7
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 63JANUARY 2020
STATUTORY EXEMPTIONS
2019 Statutory Exemptions
WindhamParcel Counts and Total Value
Parcel Counts by Tax Year
Town Name Total Value2018 2019Assessed
Value Insurance
Value
Counts by Valuation TypeUndeter-
mined
11 2,005,800Athens 11 011 0
230 205,198,066Brattleboro 231 0216 14
9 764,840Brookline 9 09 0
40 15,480,220Dover 40 040 0
30 9,555,800Dummerston 29 030 0
16 6,254,200Grafton 17 016 0
24 7,752,670Guilford 24 123 0
17 1,956,100Halifax 17 017 0
61 5,761,600Jamaica 62 061 0
39 13,776,700Londonderry 38 039 0
19 4,156,800Marlboro 19 017 2
46 8,367,900Newfane 45 046 0
51 123,473,700Putney 50 150 0
89 97,301,046Rockingham 90 187 1
0 0Somerset 0 00 0
19 28,178,400Stratton 17 019 0
36 23,460,300Townshend 37 135 0
34 21,849,200Vernon 34 430 0
30 3,873,280Wardsboro 29 426 0
36 69,288,300Westminster 36 1421 1
27 7,118,800Whitingham 28 027 0
82 25,644,221Wilmington 80 2457 1
12 1,466,600Windham 12 111 0
County Totals 958 $682,684,543955 51888 19
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 64JANUARY 2020
STATUTORY EXEMPTIONS
2019 Statutory Exemptions
WindsorParcel Counts and Total Value
Parcel Counts by Tax Year
Town Name Total Value2018 2019Assessed
Value Insurance
Value
Counts by Valuation TypeUndeter-
mined
26 3,178,500Andover 26 026 0
3 147,800Baltimore 3 21 0
42 8,739,100Barnard 42 042 0
65 13,538,100Bethel 65 065 0
25 4,376,900Bridgewater 25 025 0
37 7,327,900Cavendish 38 631 0
55 29,542,600Chester 55 055 0
192 128,334,300Hartford 192 1191 0
39 20,168,800Hartland 40 1028 1
58 22,897,800Ludlow 54 058 0
56 38,241,600Norwich 55 056 0
42 14,577,700Plymouth 45 042 0
20 10,682,541Pomfret 19 019 1
33 12,230,896Reading 33 00 33
39 15,945,700Rochester 40 1128 0
62 17,215,300Royalton 62 061 1
32 12,248,155Sharon 31 131 0
146 108,589,769Springfield 144 12133 1
53 7,286,100Stockbridge 53 350 0
46 19,576,700Weathersfield 45 244 0
26 8,890,000West Windsor 26 026 0
22 9,541,320Weston 20 021 1
57 96,088,044Windsor 56 1938 0
75 60,107,500Woodstock 75 075 0
County Totals 1,251 $669,473,1251,244 671,146 38
STATE TOTALS: 10,946 $9,962,461,41310,889 9319,844 171
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 65
Property Tax Reduction Payments
Householdswithincomein2018oflessthan$136,500wereeligibletoreceivepropertytaxcreditsappliedtotheir2019-2020(FY20)propertytaxbills.Almost70%ofVermontresidenthouseholdsreceivedacreditthisyear.
Theeducationcreditamountisequaltothedifferencebetweenthehousesite(houseanduptotwosurroundingacres)educationpropertytaxesfortheprioryearandeducationtaxesbasedonincome,bothofwhicharetiedtoper-pupileducationspending.Householdswithincomeunder$47,000mayalsoreceiveanadditionalcredittotheireducationpropertytaxesbasedonincomeasprescribedinstatute,regardlessofper-pupilspendingamounts.ThetotalamountofforegonerevenuetotheeducationfundinFY20forthesecreditsisinthe“EducationPropertyTaxCredit”columninFigure 1.Householdswithincomeof$47,000orlessarealsoeligibleforamunicipaltaxcreditifthehousesitemunicipalpropertytaxesfortheprioryearexceededtheapplicablepercentageofincomeprescribedinstatute.Thestategeneralfundreimbursesmunicipalitiesfortherevenuelostduetothemunicipaltaxcredit.
Act11of2018splitboththecalculationandtheappearanceonthebillofpropertytaxcreditintoitseducationandmunicipalcomponentstomakepropertytaxbillseasiertounderstand.Thepresentationofthecredittotalsinthetablebelowwasrevampedtoreflectthatchangeandalsotoprovidetotalsconsistentwithotherstateaccountingdocuments.
Figure 1. Education Property Tax Adjustments by Year
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 66
PROPERTY TAX REDUCTION PAYMENTS
1
Notes:
1.PropertyTaxAdjustmentsareappliedforatthesametimeasPersonalIncomeTaxreturnsforTaxYear2018andareappliedto2018-2019(fiscalyear2019)propertytaxes.BothSchoolPropertyTaxAdjustments(Prebates)andCircuitBreakerAdjustments(HomeownerRebates)arecalculatedonprioryearhouseholdincomeandhousesitepropertytaxespaid.
2.Ahousesiteistheowner-occupiedresidenceandsurroundingland,uptotwoacres.ThiscolumnreportsthenumberofhousesitesinatownasreportedonHomesteadDeclarationsreceivedbeforeOctober16,2018.
3.CircuitBreakerAdjustmentiscalculatedoneducationpropertytaxesremainingaftereducationfundadjustmentandmunicipaltaxesforclaimantswithHouseholdIncomeof$47,000orless.Alsocalled,"HomeownerRebate,""Rebate,"or"AdditionalAdjustment."
Figure 2onthisandthefollowingpagesorganizespropertytaxpaymentsbycountyandmunicipality.Figure 2. Tax Year 2019 Property Tax Reduction Payment Summary
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 67JANUARY 2020
PROPERTY TAX REDUCTION PAYMENTS
*Indicatessuppresseddata(cellsof10orfewerreturns).Statetotalsincludesupresseddata.
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 68JANUARY 2020
PROPERTY TAX REDUCTION PAYMENTS
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 69
PROPERTY TAX REDUCTION PAYMENTS
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 70JANUARY 2020
PROPERTY TAX REDUCTION PAYMENTS
Notes:
*Indicatessuppresseddata(cellsof10orfewerreturns).Statetotalsincludesupresseddata.
1.PropertyTaxAdjustmentsareappliedforatthesametimeasPersonalIncomeTaxreturnsforTaxYear2019andareappliedto2019-2020(fiscalyear2020)propertytaxes.BothSchoolPropertyTaxAdjustments(Prebates)andCircuitBreakerAdjustments(HomeownerRebates)arecalculatedonprioryearhouseholdincomeandhousesitepropertytaxespaid.
2.Ahousesiteistheowner-occupiedresidenceandsurroundingland,uptotwoacres.ThiscolumnreportsthenumberofhousesitesinatownasreportedonHomesteadDeclarationsreceivedbeforeOctober16,2019.
3.CircuitBreakerAdjustmentiscalculatedoneducationpropertytaxesremainingaftereducationfundadjustmentandmunicipaltaxesforclaimantswithHouseholdIncomeof$47,000orless.Alsocalled,"HomeownerRebate,""Rebate,"or"AdditionalAdjustment."
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 71JANUARY 2020
PROPERTY TAX REDUCTION PAYMENTS
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 72JANUARY 2020
PROPERTY TAX REDUCTION PAYMENTS
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 73JANUARY 2020
PROPERTY TAX REDUCTION PAYMENTS
Notes:
Statetotalsincludesupresseddata.
1.PropertyTaxAdjustmentsareappliedforatthesametimeasPersonalIncomeTaxreturnsforTaxYear2019andareappliedto2019-2020(fiscalyear2020)propertytaxes.BothSchoolPropertyTaxAdjustments(Prebates)andCircuitBreakerAdjustments(HomeownerRebates)arecalculatedonprioryearhouseholdincomeandhousesitepropertytaxespaid.
2.Ahousesiteistheowner-occupiedresidenceandsurroundingland,uptotwoacres.ThiscolumnreportsthenumberofhousesitesinatownasreportedonHomesteadDeclarationsreceivedbeforeOctober16,2019.
3.CircuitBreakerAdjustmentiscalculatedoneducationpropertytaxesremainingaftereducationfundadjustmentandmunicipaltaxesforclaimantswithHouseholdIncomeof$47,000orless.Alsocalled,"HomeownerRebate,""Rebate,"or"AdditionalAdjustment."
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 74JANUARY 2020
Actual Taxes and Tax Rates
Thetaxyear2019(FiscalYear2020)actualtaxesandtaxratesareshowninFigure 2.TheserateswereleviedontheApril1,2019grandlists.StateeducationpropertytaxratesaresetbytheCommissionerofTaxesunder32V.S.A.§5402.Municipalratesare,forthemostpart,setbythemunicipallegislativebodyunder17V.S.A.§2664.
Somemunicipalitiesalsosetalocalagreementrateunder32V.S.A.§5404a(d).Thisrateisleviedonthemunicipalgrandlisttoraisefundstopaytheeducationtaxobligationofthemunicipalityresultingfromlocalagreements,e.g.,votedexemptions,stabilizationagreements,etc.ThelocalagreementratesarebrokenoutseparatelyfromthemunicipaltaxrateinFigure2.Thetaxesleviedbythelocalagreementratesareincludedintheeducationhomesteadandnonresidenttaxes.
Thehomesteadbaserateremainedthesameat1.00.However,startingintaxyear2016theprimaryfactorforcalculatingthehomesteadtaxratebecamethehomesteadpropertyyield.Fortaxyear2019thehomesteadpropertyyieldwassetat$10,648.
Thenonhomesteadrateincreasedto$1.594per$100ofpropertyvalue.
Figure 1. Education Base Rates for Homesteads and Nonresidential Properties
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 75
ACTUAL TAXES AND TAX RATES
Figure 2. 2019 Actual Taxes and Tax Rates
2019 ACTUAL Taxes and Tax Rates
Town Name
Education Homestead
Tax Rate
Municipal Tax Rate
Education Homestead
TaxesMunicipal
Taxes
Addison Education
NonResidential Taxes
Education Nonhomestead
Tax RateNonhomestead
Local Agreement
Tax Rate
0.44151.7157920,252Addison 1,411,932 1.5740 0.00152,026,626
0.59681.5977888,575Bridport 981,969 1.6085 0.00401,338,888
0.21271.6096711,552Bristol 1,859,049 1.5824 0.00373,505,062
0.31350421,305Bristol Police Distr 0 0 00
0.05790193,792Recreation 0 0 00
0.22960768,475Special Articles 0 0 00
0.20180675,428Highway 0 0 00
0.47021.58441,009,168Cornwall 1,372,952 1.5951 0.00092,037,402
0.31301.69911,689,533Ferrisburgh 4,232,002 1.5588 0.00044,474,607
1.09691.5276286,935Goshen 250,661 1.7764 0184,505
0.70211.6397282,478Granville 411,354 1.6023 0239,795
0.62751.6123223,510Hancock 324,613 1.5756 0213,011
0.30841.2881546,711Leicester 1,535,325 1.4980 0.0011970,922
0.64871.49301,139,441Lincoln 975,427 1.4678 0.00141,640,065
0.80141.53797,703,940Middlebury 8,057,673 1.5483 0.00126,738,295
0.41191.65471,041,258Monkton 1,222,880 1.6267 02,955,514
0.41881.69781,256,834New Haven 2,410,467 1.6691 0.00052,486,909
0.53091.4408794,721Orwell 933,983 1.5711 01,281,522
0.57761.7949624,968Panton 713,074 1.6467 0.00101,082,127
0.59171.7579379,942Ripton 482,767 1.7697 0.0099655,510
0.35251.6329685,138Salisbury 1,833,452 1.6440 0.00201,347,153
0.63281.5927922,502Shoreham 1,011,865 1.6035 0.00201,304,816
0.59991.64131,006,064Starksboro 782,522 1.6135 0.00121,965,929
0.92001.73562,099,707Vergennes 1,650,872 1.5922 0.00372,140,553
0.32001.5212172,105Waltham 206,802 1.3956 0584,453
0.46211.6131619,347Weybridge 794,248 1.6240 0.00041,374,373
0.73861.3167277,550Whiting 190,631 1.5312 0.0023321,133
County Totals 40,869,170 27,341,23033,646,519
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 76JANUARY 2020
ACTUAL TAXES AND TAX RATES
2019 ACTUAL Taxes and Tax Rates
Town Name
Education Homestead
Tax Rate
Municipal Tax Rate
Education Homestead
TaxesMunicipal
Taxes
Bennington Education
NonResidential Taxes
Education Nonhomestead
Tax RateNonhomestead
Local Agreement
Tax Rate
0.36501.52861,140,637Arlington 2,218,341 1.4331 0.00502,434,107
0.71091.47056,749,516Bennington 8,411,474 1.6871 0.00316,614,831
0.2299079,652Benn Dwntwn Improve 0 0 00
0.08420344,537Benn FD Inside 0 0 00
0.08610465,150Benn FD Rural 0 0 00
0.3074098,370Old Benn Village 0 0 00
0.405403,719,270Benn Highway 0 0 00
0.28661.42481,986,661Dorset 6,729,292 1.4735 03,389,713
0.87001.040929,410Glastenbury 46,119 1.6592 06,255
0.31711.5611329,566Landgrove 1,171,115 1.6145 0490,089
0.28501.47693,364,395Manchester 12,455,376 1.5274 0.00235,423,105
0.80131.5689568,963North Bennington 594,762 1.6843 0.0026559,821
0.26041.5306580,712Peru 2,700,951 1.5829 0664,253
0.54861.33581,512,186Pownal 1,640,117 1.5314 0.00322,195,872
0.85851.14771,054,395Readsboro 988,116 1.4896 0.0104432,254
0.44111.4129585,924Rupert 1,167,689 1.5962 0.0484844,608
0.76021.1236481,955Sandgate 547,330 1.3997 0.0032274,010
0.51961.5044370,653Searsburg 578,235 1.5675 0.001077,777
0.42111.29411,449,624Shaftsbury 1,942,568 1.4828 0.00452,783,688
0.42111.3960252,105Shaftsbury ID 222,400 1.4987 0.0045628,883
0.74781.3106711,441Stamford 592,200 1.5678 0751,828
0.44361.1265707,917Sunderland 1,108,948 1.6287 0.0030928,914
0.41221.71022,883,556Winhall 10,319,998 1.6458 01,250,402
0.11871.302968,123Woodford 559,671 1.4947 0.0022264,676
County Totals 30,015,087 29,534,71953,994,702
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 77
ACTUAL TAXES AND TAX RATES
2019 ACTUAL Taxes and Tax Rates
Town Name
Education Homestead
Tax Rate
Municipal Tax Rate
Education Homestead
TaxesMunicipal
Taxes
Caledonia Education
NonResidential Taxes
Education Nonhomestead
Tax RateNonhomestead
Local Agreement
Tax Rate
0.64171.44621,580,490Barnet 2,116,370 1.4976 0.00261,525,728
0.057504,595Barnet FD #1 0 0 00
0.0791011,119Barnet FD #2 0 0 00
0.050006,747Barnet FD #3 0 0 00
0.020003,869Barnet FD #5 0 0 00
0.58941.43781,603,302Burke 2,732,400 1.5869 0.00081,344,070
0.51451.55921,532,643Danville 2,113,098 1.5489 02,524,693
0.58521.4336747,545Groton 1,037,134 1.4770 0.0030823,633
1.25451.70922,331,762Hardwick 1,246,937 1.6099 0.01051,876,645
0.64611.5939364,336Kirby 376,431 1.5214 0.0009505,222
0.43091.42181,594,928Lyndon 2,733,945 1.5902 0.00382,815,590
0.83980579,877Lyndonville Village 0 0 00
0.32590981,387Lyndon Highway 0 0 00
0.65011.3669615,729Newark 876,727 1.4842 0.0031490,065
0.62621.6036853,262Peacham 1,061,270 1.4869 01,043,700
0.65121.5292855,311Ryegate 1,037,476 1.5756 0.00311,006,493
0.0700049East Ryegate Lightin 0 0 00
0.0300043South Ryegate Lighti 0 0 00
0.27851.5158280,937Sheffield 487,821 1.6083 0409,210
0.90641.30534,961,965St. Johnsbury 4,553,462 1.4737 0.00193,123,432
0.484401,161,421St. J Spec Serv Dist 0 0 00
0.92001.4222168,616Stannard 148,071 1.6285 0131,771
0.64241.4242645,736Sutton 599,365 1.4315 0.0014841,073
0.61841.4141578,828Walden 681,780 1.5452 0.0047703,917
0.44221.5694847,567Waterford 1,544,731 1.6252 0.00251,417,633
0.72131.4957443,954Wheelock 374,250 1.5870 0.0063573,845
County Totals 21,156,720 22,756,01723,721,268
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 78JANUARY 2020
ACTUAL TAXES AND TAX RATES
2019 ACTUAL Taxes and Tax Rates
Town Name
Education Homestead
Tax Rate
Municipal Tax Rate
Education Homestead
TaxesMunicipal
Taxes
Chittenden Education
NonResidential Taxes
Education Nonhomestead
Tax RateNonhomestead
Local Agreement
Tax Rate
0.65711.5463853,806Bolton 918,276 1.6592 01,126,562
01.23210Buels Gore 39,804 1.9640 012,923
0.87141.936833,773,631Burlington 42,320,299 2.0528 0.002730,265,698
0.20211.48311,881,345Charlotte 5,435,379 1.6322 0.00058,816,342
0.54291.548611,776,702Colchester 17,065,860 1.7426 018,445,619
0.52671.538513,948,151Essex Town 17,265,867 1.6930 0.001925,079,491
0.01100168,829Essex Highway 0 0 00
0.330603,680,980Essex Jct Village 0 0 00
0.52881.45133,298,621Hinesburg 2,832,814 1.5972 0.00086,480,059
0.77681.52581,672,271Huntington 739,720 1.6372 0.00182,603,540
0.45081.47773,008,258Jericho 2,343,716 1.5856 0.00417,716,249
0.53601.46226,270,923Milton 6,437,888 1.6625 0.002510,965,929
0.69431.59473,263,302Richmond 1,899,280 1.7112 05,721,941
0.44161.52356,856,167Shelburne 10,583,640 1.6767 0.000613,995,907
0.54201.603016,449,601South Burlington 25,859,165 1.7088 0.000724,084,491
0.29261.5564233,488St. George 430,983 1.7129 0834,705
0.47641.51291,861,192Underhill 1,127,653 1.6234 0.02054,952,831
0.70131.50821,697,453Westford 840,431 1.6597 0.00612,918,263
0.26891.52625,439,734Williston 17,040,940 1.6797 0.000615,292,966
1.12951.61826,456,462Winooski 5,221,779 1.8009 0.00323,189,383
County Totals 182,502,900 122,590,916158,403,493
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 79JANUARY 2020
ACTUAL TAXES AND TAX RATES
2019 ACTUAL Taxes and Tax Rates
Town Name
Education Homestead
Tax Rate
Municipal Tax Rate
Education Homestead
TaxesMunicipal
Taxes
Essex Education
NonResidential Taxes
Education Nonhomestead
Tax RateNonhomestead
Local Agreement
Tax Rate
0.34000.9758125,450Averill 545,415 1.5554 018,161
0.34000.97587,604Averys Gore 34,787 1.5554 00
0.40061.5263118,921Bloomfield 298,810 1.5022 0.0046150,864
0.53101.4373739,827Brighton 1,411,044 1.4862 0.2924642,538
0.03001.27453,612Brunswick 114,927 1.6703 066,538
0.80351.5062726,270Canaan 711,105 1.3681 0578,754
0.72201.6222822,365Concord 1,147,154 1.7077 0.0054752,157
0.80511.6236208,377East Haven 209,936 1.5498 0201,750
0.34000.975843,639Ferdinand 188,546 1.5554 06,957
0.36431.093869,130Granby 236,117 1.5813 044,996
0.71891.0054256,559Guildhall 280,215 1.4536 0166,498
0.40861.511569,582Lemington 180,138 1.5785 085,370
0.34000.975821,737Lewis 99,440 1.5554 00
0.63991.3651698,429Lunenburg 963,403 1.5268 0.0062600,684
0.34051.0535224,028Maidstone 706,099 1.5232 0205,407
0.35001.7731108,175Norton 413,683 1.6925 0116,759
0.08561.898916,111Victory 219,880 1.5331 0.006286,199
0.34000.9758696Warners Grant 3,182 1.5554 00
0.34000.975826,046Warren Gore 113,480 1.5554 03,560
County Totals 3,727,190 4,286,5587,877,361
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 80JANUARY 2020
ACTUAL TAXES AND TAX RATES
2019 ACTUAL Taxes and Tax Rates
Town Name
Education Homestead
Tax Rate
Municipal Tax Rate
Education Homestead
TaxesMunicipal
Taxes
Franklin Education
NonResidential Taxes
Education Nonhomestead
Tax RateNonhomestead
Local Agreement
Tax Rate
0.48711.3451570,402Bakersfield 559,861 1.6150 01,111,997
0.51271.2901655,966Berkshire 634,042 1.5489 0.00391,125,078
0.38101.2490802,843Enosburgh 1,415,777 1.5158 0.00641,463,511
0.54250522,132Enosburgh Falls Vill 0 0 00
0.52100596,412Enosburgh Highway 0 0 00
0.54691.33772,447,093Fairfax 1,723,872 1.7302 0.00314,670,135
0.65331.56621,172,349Fairfield 893,123 1.7463 0.00291,999,740
0.83521.76341,035,233Fletcher 533,875 1.7977 0.00351,666,811
0.39001.4148618,574Franklin 1,128,801 1.5763 0.00201,232,383
0.29701.42901,837,218Georgia 3,282,894 1.6682 0.00265,708,723
0.36821.34621,485,633Highgate 2,844,376 1.5000 0.00292,893,534
0.50661.2816816,710Montgomery 1,269,511 1.5388 0.00251,013,483
0.84311.19311,380,499Richford 1,261,393 1.4480 0.0026917,144
0.41681.32321,087,786Sheldon 1,651,985 1.5888 0.00201,729,560
0.98001.56985,404,538St. Albans City 4,454,362 1.7503 0.00343,377,147
0.36291.40343,630,913St. Albans Town 6,865,673 1.5647 0.00216,452,725
0.07121.3915481,968Swanton 3,817,958 1.5504 0.00345,715,635
0.19020982,470Swanton Police/Hwy 0 0 00
0.04600237,611Swanton Fire 0 0 00
0.0140094,764Swanton Recreation 0 0 00
0.05550375,670Swanton Rescue+Libr 0 0 00
County Totals 41,077,607 26,236,78432,337,503
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 81JANUARY 2020
ACTUAL TAXES AND TAX RATES
2019 ACTUAL Taxes and Tax Rates
Town Name
Education Homestead
Tax Rate
Municipal Tax Rate
Education Homestead
TaxesMunicipal
Taxes
Grand Isle Education
NonResidential Taxes
Education Nonhomestead
Tax RateNonhomestead
Local Agreement
Tax Rate
0.23561.5254664,189Alburgh 2,454,533 1.4963 0.00301,803,727
0.0369017,445Alburgh Village 0 0 00
0.21850617,500Alburgh Highway 0 0 00
0.29431.51121,284,558Grand Isle 3,474,273 1.5086 03,074,074
0.34761.5601437,226Isle La Motte 1,304,548 1.5637 0.0028663,996
0.29941.6350893,521North Hero 3,224,656 1.6322 0.00101,668,599
0.36861.64351,784,422South Hero 3,821,063 1.6305 0.00104,109,716
County Totals 11,320,113 5,698,85914,279,073
2019 ACTUAL Taxes and Tax Rates
Town Name
Education Homestead
Tax Rate
Municipal Tax Rate
Education Homestead
TaxesMunicipal
Taxes
Lamoille Education
NonResidential Taxes
Education Nonhomestead
Tax RateNonhomestead
Local Agreement
Tax Rate
0.61451.6348185,066Belvidere 236,503 1.7105 0266,799
0.47601.51022,576,260Cambridge 4,987,148 1.6048 0.00283,446,800
0.1580082,211Jeffersonville Vill 0 0 00
0.1700024,994Cambridge Village 0 0 00
0.00381.58224,782Eden 1,146,414 1.6554 0.6682900,284
0.43001.5160693,677Elmore 1,246,479 1.6611 01,310,291
0.76901.54002,111,244Hyde Park 1,545,070 1.6112 0.00322,752,451
0.0820033,413Hyde Park Village 0 0 00
0.86121.56001,863,122Johnson 1,643,196 1.6322 0.00491,826,244
0.18820111,832Johnson Village 0 0 00
0.90461.44795,842,617Morristown 4,888,356 1.5864 0.00174,768,139
0.0110016,785Morrisville Village 0 0 00
0.42531.54039,542,810Stowe 28,646,750 1.6877 0.00498,275,995
0.58221.7346311,787Waterville 249,516 1.8149 0691,499
0.75971.60601,154,300Wolcott 952,121 1.5858 0.00251,480,826
County Totals 25,719,329 24,554,90145,541,554
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 82JANUARY 2020
ACTUAL TAXES AND TAX RATES
2019 ACTUAL Taxes and Tax Rates
Town Name
Education Homestead
Tax Rate
Municipal Tax Rate
Education Homestead
TaxesMunicipal
Taxes
Orange Education
NonResidential Taxes
Education Nonhomestead
Tax RateNonhomestead
Local Agreement
Tax Rate
0.91281.57562,059,758Bradford 1,628,976 1.5905 0.00651,930,367
0.013605,695Bradford Street Bond 0 0 00
0.38111.5486386,502Braintree 585,922 1.5712 0995,593
0.50021.4649811,701Brookfield 963,741 1.4862 0.00381,434,051
0.70691.5940917,991Chelsea 1,111,923 1.6221 0.0060986,809
0.0750097,428Chelsea FD 0 0 00
0.0181023,512Chelsea Appropriatio 0 0 00
0.67831.31401,009,912Corinth 1,030,358 1.4682 0.00541,041,710
0.58131.85611,220,231Fairlee 2,278,735 1.6095 0.00041,257,196
0.28001.5571559,839Newbury 1,641,060 1.5718 01,474,315
0.1300044,141Newbury Village 0 0 00
0.36000719,770Newbury Highway 0 0 00
1.17000335,235Newbury (WR town) 0 0 00
0.3600034,383Newbury (1/3 WR 0 0 00
0.3600068,766Newbury (2/3 WR 0 0 00
0.58291.3629595,368Orange 495,342 1.5728 0.0058951,406
0.77341.52793,408,642Randolph 3,339,207 1.5501 0.00353,550,981
0.21630311,235Randolph Police 0 0 00
0.0400011,453Randolph FD (VTC) 0 0 00
0.65851.53111,226,838Strafford 1,120,316 1.5465 0.00151,707,149
0.77371.95052,735,195Thetford 1,934,061 1.6877 0.00334,611,649
0.69331.3187750,911Topsham 733,972 1.4735 0.0212777,655
0.68431.47821,111,443Tunbridge 1,035,287 1.5042 0.00701,392,602
0.78231.9476543,735Vershire 528,490 1.6887 0.0042747,080
0.59001.3892607,719Washington 576,995 1.6031 0.0029935,685
1.81001.5013518,264Wells River 286,939 1.5468 0141,816
0.82111.8674595,268West Fairlee 542,242 1.6193 0688,058
0.55501.28562,070,511Williamstown 2,459,237 1.4664 0.00452,527,677
County Totals 27,151,799 22,781,44422,292,803
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 83JANUARY 2020
ACTUAL TAXES AND TAX RATES
2019 ACTUAL Taxes and Tax Rates
Town Name
Education Homestead
Tax Rate
Municipal Tax Rate
Education Homestead
TaxesMunicipal
Taxes
Orleans Education
NonResidential Taxes
Education Nonhomestead
Tax RateNonhomestead
Local Agreement
Tax Rate
0.52541.1938526,433Albany 627,711 1.4440 0681,463
0.050005,101Albany Village Corp 0 0 00
0.32481.3826519,971Barton 1,350,531 1.6596 0.00221,045,755
0.1535065,016Barton Village 0 0 00
0.76740980,564Barton Highway 0 0 00
0.1128057,159Barton Sewer 0 0 00
0.1245065,579Barton Water 0 0 00
0.70051.2300585,710Brownington 513,519 1.4869 0.0045606,967
0.64671.3379713,093Charleston 804,606 1.3968 0.0041717,310
01.37080Coventry 1,121,399 1.5547 0.0041775,931
0.51701.6678709,931Craftsbury 1,018,255 1.5383 0.00301,185,869
0.43951.30072,316,818Derby 4,281,291 1.5985 0.00353,391,701
0.29280127,464Derby Line Village 0 0 00
0.0839048,538Derby Ctr Village 0 0 00
0.61011.3318859,548Glover 1,203,845 1.6073 0.0021883,711
0.64791.64221,617,571Greensboro 3,005,302 1.5435 0.0008904,174
1.00741.6456573,824Holland 482,980 1.7586 0.0018486,389
0.54791.3231591,442Irasburg 772,082 1.5974 0794,609
0.29661.4751982,984Jay 4,531,099 1.5632 0.0003470,808
01.37050Lowell 686,489 1.6279 0545,062
0.24901.3818411,745Morgan 1,870,487 1.6027 0.0032669,243
1.23721.39923,957,881Newport City 3,192,025 1.6384 0.06681,772,806
0.51841.44971,004,070Newport Town 1,343,856 1.4791 01,497,724
0.32481.3670164,375Orleans ID 465,635 1.6578 0.0022309,882
1.25890513,668Vil-St/Hl/Fr/Wa/Swr 0 0 00
0.17881.5091241,526Troy 1,017,160 1.6028 0.00941,100,886
0.37810401,853Troy Highway 0 0 00
0.0123013,073Troy Sheriff 0 0 00
0.70311.3900511,518Westfield 550,133 1.4683 0.0034477,794
0.45631.2372698,717Westmore 1,760,012 1.5136 0.0015458,096
County Totals 18,776,180 19,265,17130,598,419
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 84JANUARY 2020
ACTUAL TAXES AND TAX RATES
2019 ACTUAL Taxes and Tax Rates
Town Name
Education Homestead
Tax Rate
Municipal Tax Rate
Education Homestead
TaxesMunicipal
Taxes
Rutland Education
NonResidential Taxes
Education Nonhomestead
Tax RateNonhomestead
Local Agreement
Tax Rate
0.68481.3294739,389Benson 834,837 1.4635 0.0004652,037
0.80261.33432,652,096Brandon 2,118,230 1.5516 0.00772,588,423
0.08670286,550Brandon FD #1 0 0 00
0.06600218,135Appropriation 0 0 00
0.42381.48862,031,270Castleton 4,552,337 1.6387 0.00533,034,767
0.35760134,165Castleton FD #1 0 0 00
0.0500016,952Castleton FD #2 0 0 00
0.50551.3915865,824Chittenden 1,100,433 1.5831 01,425,659
0.50271.54121,317,287Clarendon 1,522,431 1.5589 0.00252,362,512
0.55211.27091,018,065Danby 1,271,276 1.3143 0.00181,031,170
1.01361.34051,856,962Fair Haven 1,163,485 1.4757 0.00141,402,260
0.81901.4850889,187Hubbardton 1,066,178 1.6347 0646,281
0.47251.3570214,088Ira 222,860 1.5793 0423,204
0.46651.62413,663,284Killington 10,519,415 1.6031 0.00011,180,211
0.57741.36651,015,447Mendon 1,268,760 1.5547 0.00141,294,394
0.73101.4514648,181Middletown Springs 518,583 1.5785 0819,193
0.39691.55091,085,800Mount Holly 2,613,682 1.5031 0.00141,563,763
0.10001.389523,150Mount Tabor 173,400 1.5070 0157,129
0.49211.3800842,501Pawlet 1,192,517 1.5591 0.00601,320,459
0.53531.1708546,306Pittsfield 925,730 1.4415 0443,689
0.62561.41312,267,559Pittsford 2,671,224 1.6433 0.00252,266,187
0.3620015,535Pittsford Vill Dist 0 0 00
0.35641.44741,185,064Poultney 3,098,512 1.5611 0.00691,892,723
0.49550316,238Poultney Village 0 0 00
0.27510740,278Poultney Highway 0 0 00
1.10161.47551,249,286Proctor 718,077 1.5915 01,010,254
0.0268027,250Proctor Street Light 0 0 00
1.77161.457717,900,526Rutland City 8,129,836 1.6033 0.00476,533,073
0.50950279,975Rutland Special Bene 0 0 00
0.17871.46261,564,562Rutland Town 5,305,714 1.5756 0.00094,350,201
0.42871.4850659,991Shrewsbury 1,033,251 1.5021 0.00031,276,210
0.29931.2345292,783Sudbury 655,662 1.4356 0.0032611,617
0.75701.5894595,780Tinmouth 650,414 1.6077 0.0016614,108
0.36731.5279840,439Wallingford 1,468,143 1.5455 0.00552,056,894
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 85JANUARY 2020
Rutland, continued
2019 ACTUAL Taxes and Tax Rates0.0696043,799Wallingford FD 1 0 0 00
0.0682030,381E Wallingford FD 2 0 0 00
0.0696067,513Wallingford FD 3 0 0 00
0.44451.3748803,315Wells 1,676,412 1.5669 0.00131,016,556
0.89581.3296284,643West Haven 225,053 1.5314 0224,575
0.66061.25211,378,667West Rutland 1,492,148 1.3505 0.05901,234,995
County Totals 43,432,543 50,608,22358,188,603
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 86JANUARY 2020
ACTUAL TAXES AND TAX RATES
2019 ACTUAL Taxes and Tax Rates
Town Name
Education Homestead
Tax Rate
Municipal Tax Rate
Education Homestead
TaxesMunicipal
Taxes
Washington Education
NonResidential Taxes
Education Nonhomestead
Tax RateNonhomestead
Local Agreement
Tax Rate
1.85521.30029,174,726Barre City 4,316,955 1.6274 0.02613,024,768
0.94381.49266,156,942Barre Town 3,502,891 1.8683 0.00366,696,375
0.56641.71552,870,754Berlin 4,561,900 1.5606 0.00122,932,745
0.60361.73051,059,887Cabot 1,158,256 1.5966 0.00441,524,720
0.71071.81521,430,610Calais 1,115,033 1.6513 0.00642,448,847
0.57171.6817945,634Duxbury 948,991 1.6481 0.00181,818,082
0.61551.83821,880,844East Montpelier 1,512,490 1.6723 0.00273,951,508
0.26501.63041,006,615Fayston 3,732,487 1.5978 0.00022,275,430
0.70891.9275856,501Marshfield 748,330 1.7916 0.00611,530,792
0.2121024,923Marshfield Village 0 0 00
0.47001.80081,062,794Middlesex 1,008,408 1.6382 0.00242,973,485
1.11941.64559,740,927Montpelier 7,248,128 1.7776 0.00967,099,568
0.07000584,982Montpel Swr Separat 0 0 00
0.02000167,138Montpel Swr Benefit 0 0 00
0.43941.6998987,102Moretown 1,359,397 1.6658 02,433,935
0.95201.45293,082,543Northfield 2,288,878 1.6573 0.00822,728,161
0.78591.8267907,181Plainfield 608,132 1.6979 0.00431,459,301
1.06111.7034804,551Roxbury 601,077 1.6414 0668,799
0.43081.65481,617,001Waitsfield 3,388,977 1.6217 0.00352,771,461
0.40001.67842,938,923Warren 9,322,489 1.6448 0.00022,677,671
0.51001.68203,857,715Waterbury 5,615,287 1.6484 0.00186,992,735
0.56101.6361734,205Woodbury 1,065,921 1.5443 01,017,869
0.61171.7909570,766Worcester 482,756 1.6292 0.00051,142,856
County Totals 58,169,109 52,463,26354,586,783
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 87JANUARY 2020
ACTUAL TAXES AND TAX RATES
2019 ACTUAL Taxes and Tax Rates
Town Name
Education Homestead
Tax Rate
Municipal Tax Rate
Education Homestead
TaxesMunicipal
Taxes
Windham Education
NonResidential Taxes
Education Nonhomestead
Tax RateNonhomestead
Local Agreement
Tax Rate
1.27001.5757465,227Athens 230,604 1.4580 0329,562
1.25851.646314,711,413Brattleboro 10,255,409 1.5368 0.00097,397,303
0.1305079,465Bratt Downtown Dist 0 0 00
0.44071.7924313,596Brookline 609,216 1.5888 0598,352
0.40451.53864,051,101Dover 13,681,989 1.5479 0.00011,521,996
0.33301.6469878,960Dummerston 1,643,650 1.5374 0.00602,604,881
0.63891.53511,017,446Grafton 1,484,807 1.4269 0.0111873,380
0.78451.69341,895,492Guilford 1,496,740 1.5809 02,469,142
0.86381.16821,113,785Halifax 1,034,337 1.5161 0.0056714,652
0.42651.82351,090,079Jamaica 3,073,360 1.5706 0.00321,095,093
0.37941.52511,537,409Londonderry 4,329,472 1.5773 0.00252,009,917
0.42001.6948636,827Marlboro 1,249,422 1.5842 0.00131,234,870
0.59431.83471,464,331Newfane 2,160,741 1.6250 02,098,680
0.76801.71261,846,651Putney 1,806,060 1.5988 0.00572,198,100
1.07161.65875,003,204Rockingham 4,699,592 1.6022 0.00612,678,489
0.655401,741,343Bellows Falls Vill 0 0 00
0.0800023,913Saxton River Village 0 0 00
0.53941.090371,867Somerset 229,995 1.7379 0975
0.12081.9020965,766Stratton 12,575,405 1.6756 0.0002510,716
0.51961.8694965,952Townshend 1,791,043 1.6001 0.00101,382,784
0.55041.41321,769,454Vernon 3,957,981 1.4817 0.00281,814,562
0.58971.6270893,458Wardsboro 1,777,230 1.6367 0699,844
0.70261.69041,999,277Westminster 1,949,847 1.5660 0.00322,715,131
0.66701.98671,801,185Whitingham 2,921,903 1.5597 0.00301,650,910
0.56752.25324,307,928Wilmington 11,191,051 1.7689 0.00172,759,636
1.02172.1510998,954Windham 1,052,082 1.5229 0.0039617,989
County Totals 39,976,961 51,644,08185,201,938
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES JANUARY 2020 88
ACTUAL TAXES AND TAX RATES
2019 ACTUAL Taxes and Tax Rates
Town Name
Education Homestead
Tax Rate
Municipal Tax Rate
Education Homestead
TaxesMunicipal
Taxes
Windsor Education
NonResidential Taxes
Education Nonhomestead
Tax RateNonhomestead
Local Agreement
Tax Rate
0.47001.4210707,867Andover 1,574,968 1.5803 0724,967
0.41691.475182,780Baltimore 79,000 1.6404 0.0111224,072
0.48221.73981,316,972Barnard 2,685,637 1.6264 01,879,847
1.02171.55412,001,695Bethel 1,371,759 1.5178 0.00391,647,831
0.38181.7425696,271Bridgewater 2,102,792 1.7201 0.0022994,043
0.42681.34651,128,399Cavendish 2,810,994 1.4974 0.00651,021,254
0.000801,179Cavendish FD #1 0 0 00
0.00070820Cavendish FD #2 0 0 00
0.74031.21753,124,673Chester 3,115,360 1.3539 0.00482,312,926
0.98951.657513,705,661Hartford 13,187,469 1.6663 0.00209,402,262
0.49151.58572,212,168Hartland 2,634,418 1.4892 0.01734,399,650
0.31381.69564,229,808Ludlow 20,086,986 1.6433 0.00632,089,578
0.22760320,401Ludlow Village 0 0 00
0.51411.80683,847,645Norwich 4,200,025 1.6250 0.00248,889,866
0.07000128,484Norwich Fire Dist 0 0 00
0.52001.65721,215,464Plymouth 3,084,943 1.6359 0.0078748,060
0.36161.6586902,969Pomfret 2,427,205 1.6372 0.00041,672,168
0.52721.5691670,870Reading 1,134,237 1.5489 0832,079
0.55981.4999920,397Rochester 1,383,035 1.4451 01,049,117
0.74151.60031,930,524Royalton 2,178,512 1.5937 0.00341,969,417
0.75861.48421,230,138Sharon 1,022,912 1.5281 0.00221,313,156
1.93011.745310,658,114Springfield 3,711,664 1.6060 0.00885,290,739
0.54661.6481599,938Stockbridge 1,065,703 1.5880 0.0040705,360
0.61991.63962,045,394Weathersfield 2,711,357 1.6696 0.00542,739,427
0.47301.46481,239,089West Windsor 2,142,250 1.5851 01,855,813
0.53581.62141,062,417Weston 2,281,341 1.6768 0.00171,021,968
1.55321.41963,802,321Windsor 1,649,573 1.5362 0.00821,964,738
0.43231.65153,830,136Woodstock 9,423,688 1.6302 0.01455,227,339
0.19760565,527Woodstock Village 0 0 00
0.06540392,206Woodstock Police Dis 0 0 00
County Totals 59,975,678 64,570,32788,065,828
STATE TOTALS 603,870,385 524,332,492708,735,845
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 89JANUARY 2020
Arm’s Length Sale Inrealestate,anarm’slengthtransactioniswhenthebuyerandsellereachactindependentlyintheirownself-interestandhavenorelationshiptoeachother.
Average Circuit Breaker TheCircuitBreakerAdjustmentforaspecifictowndividedbythenumberofCircuitBreakerRecipients
Average Educational Fund Adjustment ThetotalEducationFundTaxAdjustmentsdividedbythenumberofrecipients
CLA or Common Level of Appraisal Theratioofaschooldistrict’stotaltaxableunequalizededucationpropertyvaluetothetotaltaxableEEPVisthecommonlevelofappraisal(CLA).TheCLAisusedtoequalizetheeducationpropertytaxratesthroughoutthestate.
CAMA or Computer Assisted Mass Appraisal System Atoolusedbylistersandappraiserstostandardizepropertyassessment.TheDepartmentusesandsupportsMicroSolve,asoftwareapplicationdevelopedbytheNewEnglandMunicipalResourceCenter(NEMRC).ItislinkedtotheGrandListAdministrationModule,ataxadministrationsoftwareapplicationalsoproducedbyNEMRC,sothatvaluesgeneratedinMicroSolveareautomaticallytransferredtotheGrandListAdministrationModule.
Circuit Breaker Adjustment Theadditionaladjustmentprovidedtohouseholdswithincomeunder$47,000peryearthatcapsthetotalpropertytaxliabilityatthespecifiedpercentageofincome.
Circuit Breaker Recipients ThenumberofhousesiteclaimantsqualifyingfortheCircuitBreakerAdjustment
COD or Coefficient of Dispersion Measureoftheequityacrosspropertyassessmentsinagivencategoryandthemunicipality’sgrandlist.TheCODrepresentsthedegreetowhichindividualpropertyvaluationsvaryfromtheaveragelevelofappraisalinthatparticularmunicipality.AhighCODindicatesaneedforareappraisal.
CUAB or Current Use Advisory Board Chargedwithadoptingrules,providingadministrativeoversight,andestablishingusevaluesfortheCurrentUse
Current Use Program (also known as the Use Value Appraisal Program) ThepurposeoftheCurrentUseProgramistoallowthevaluationandtaxationoffarmandforestlandbasedonitsremaininginagriculturalorforestuseinsteadofitsvalueinthemarketplace.TheprimaryobjectivesoftheprogramaretokeepVermont’sagriculturalandforestlandinproduction,helpslowthedevelopmentoftheselands,andachievegreaterequityinpropertytaxationonundevelopedland.
Education Fund Tax Adjustment TheamountofrevenueforegonebytheEducationFundtopayforthepropertytaxadjustmentcredits,excludingtheCircuitBreaker
EEPV or Equalized Education Property Value Theequalizationstudy’sestimateofmarketvalueforamunicipality
Acronyms and Terms
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 90JANUARY 2020
EFT or Effective Tax Rate Ratesthatwouldbeineffectifalltownswereappraisedat100%ofmarketvaluewithnoequalizationadjustment
Fair Market Value Thevalueatwhichapropertywouldbeexpectedtosellinanarm’slengthsale
Grand List Sumtotalofpropertyvalueinamunicipalitydividedby100
Grand List Administration Module AtaxadministrationapplicationdevelopedbytheNewEnglandMunicipalResourceCenter(NEMRC).ItislinkedtoMicroSolve,alsoaNEMRCsoftwareapplication,sothatvaluesgeneratedinMicroSolveareautomaticallytransferredtotheGrandListAdministrationModule.
Housesite Aresidenceincludingsupportingbuildingsandthesurroundingland,uptotwoacres
IAAO or International Association of Assessing Officers IAAOisanonprofit,educational,andresearchassociation.Itisaprofessionalmembershiporganizationofgovernmentassessmentofficialsandothersinterestedintheadministrationofthepropertytax.Seehttps://www.iaao.org.
LUCT or Land Use Change Tax AtaxthatisassessedtoparticipantsintheCurrentUseProgram(alsoknownasUseValueAppraisalProgram)whenanyportionofenrolledlandleavestheprogram
NEMRC or New England Municipal Resource Center Developscomputerproductsandservicesformunicipalgovernments.Seehttp://www.nemrc.com/generalInfo.php.
Nonhomestead Allpropertyisconsidered“nonhomestead”(formerly“nonresidential”),unlessitisdeclardasahomestead.
PILOT or Payment-In-Lieu-Of-Taxes Annualpaymentsmadetomunicipalitiestocompensatethemforlostmunicipaltaxrevenueduetothepresenceofstate-ownedbuildingsinamunicipality
PVR or Property Valuation and Review AdivisionoftheVermontDepartmentofTaxesthatoverseesassessmentandassessmentpractices,forthepurpposeofadministeringthestatewideeducationpropertytax
R1 or Residential property, under 6 acres ApropertycategorycodeusedinidentifyingcategoriesofpropertiesontheGrandList
S1 or Seasonal property, under 6 acres ApropertycategorycodeusedinidentifyingcategoriesofpropertiesontheGrandList
TIF or Tax Increment Financing district AspecialprogramthroughtheVermontEconomicProgressCouncilthatallowstownstoholdbackaportionoftheirtown’seducationpaymentobligationtopayforinfrastructure
Use Value Program SeeCurrentUseProgram
ACRONYMS AND TERMS
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VERMONT DEPARTMENT OF TAXES 91JANUARY 2020
UTG or Unified Towns and Gores of Essex County ThemunicipalgovernmentthatconsolidatedadministrationforAverill,Avery’sGore,Ferdinand,Lewis,Warner’sGrant,andWarrenGore
VALA or Vermont Assessors and Listers Association VALAisatradeassociationforVermontlistersandassessors.ItsmissionistoadvocatefortherecognitionofListersandAssessorsasqualifiedpropertyvaluationauthoritiesthroughoutVermont.Seehttp://www.valavt.org.
VTax TheVermontDepartmentofTaxes’modernintegratedtaxsystem,whichstreamlinesfilingandpayingtaxes.Taxpayerscanaccessthesystemthroughtheonlineportalat myVTax.vermont.gov.TheconversiontoVTaxandmyVTaxwasafour-yearprogramfrom2014-2017.
ACRONYMS AND TERMS