Annual Progress Report...NPPC Annual Report 2011-12 Page 4 Annual Progress Report National Plant...

Annual Progress Report National Plant Protection Centre

2011-2012

NPPC Annual Report 2011-12

Table of Contents 1.0 CITRUS .................................................................................................................................. 4

1.0.1 HLB disease monitoring and detection survey .................................................................. 4

1.0.2 Study on transmission of HLB pathogen by Diaphorina communis Mathur (Black Psyllid)

..................................................................................................................................................... 4

2.0 GINGER ...................................................................................................................................... 4

2.0.1 Ginger rhizome rot solarization observation trial .............................................................. 4

3.0 CABBAGE ................................................................................................................................... 5

3.0.1 Crucifer Club root survey ................................................................................................... 5

4.0 PADDY ....................................................................................................................................... 6

4.0.1 Weed diversity study in transplanted rice in Western Bhutan (Paro, Punakha and

Wangdue) .................................................................................................................................... 6

5.0 CHILLI CROP ............................................................................................................................... 7

5.0.1 Mass Trapping of Helicoverpa armigera (Chilli Pod Borer) using pheromone traps ......... 7

6.0 POTATO CROP ........................................................................................................................... 8

6.0.1 Field control trial of Red Ant, Dorylus orientalis Westwood (Formicidae: Hymenoptera)

using plastic barriers ................................................................................................................... 8

6.0.2 Field evaluation of Neem and Chlorpyrifos against Red ant ............................................. 8

6.0.3 White grub (WG) abundance and diversity study in potato through molecular marker

techniques ................................................................................................................................... 9

7.0 MANGO ................................................................................................................................... 10

7.0.1 Observation trial on mango Scale management using TSO, Lastraw and Dimethoate ... 10

8.0 REFERRAL COLLECTION ........................................................................................................... 11

8.0.1 Addition of insect specimens to the referral collection ................................................... 11

9.0 Human-Wildlife Conflict Mitigation ........................................................................................ 11

9.0.1 Demo-electric fencing sites in Mongar Dzongkhag ......................................................... 11

9.0.2 Demo-electric fencing in Haa Dzongkhag ........................................................................ 12

9.0.3 Demo-electric fencing in Trashigang Dzongkhag ............................................................. 13

9.0.4 Demo-electric fencing in Trashiyangtse Dzongkhag ........................................................ 13

10.0 Production of field identification guides for pest and disease of rice, maize and potato ... 14


11.0 Surveillance of stem rust in collaboration with Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat (DRRW)

....................................................................................................................................................... 14

12.0 Trainings and awareness campaign ...................................................................................... 15

12.0.1 Clubroot disease awareness campaign at Naja Gewog, Paro ........................................ 15

12.0.2 Trainings ......................................................................................................................... 16

13.0 DIAGNOSTIC AND ADVISORY FIELD VISITS/LABORATORY ACTIVITIES .................................. 17

14.0 Plant protection products supply and distribution (2011-12) .............................................. 17

15.0 HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT ..................................................................................... 18

16.0 FINANCIAL REPORT ............................................................................................................... 19

17.0 Appendices ............................................................................................................................ 20


Annual Progress Report

National Plant Protection Centre 2011-12

Summary of activities

1.0 CITRUS

1.0.1 HLB disease monitoring and detection survey

About 140 citrus leaf samples tested for Huanglongbing (HLB) pathogen from citrus growing

areas of Chukha, Pemagatshel and Wangdue Dzongkhag. Samples from Baychu in Wangdue

showed the highest positive HLB samples followed by Pemagatshel and Chukha.

Dzongkhag Positive Negative Total

Pema Gatshel 5 55 60

Chukha 1 59 60

Wangdue 17 3 20

Total 23 117 140

1.0.2 Study on transmission of HLB pathogen by Diaphorina communis Mathur (Black

Psyllid)

D. communis and the Asiatic citrus psyllid, D. citri , were collected from Lower Suntolay and near Changchay bridge under Tsirang dzongkhag in order to study and confirm the transmission of HLB pathogen by D. communis. As transmission of HLB pathogen by D. communis is not yet established, this study will be taken up as a Phd research topic by one of the NPPC staff . These insects will be reared in the NPPC rearing facility and concurrent studies on HLB pathogen transmission will be conducted through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) tests.

2.0 GINGER

2.0.1 Ginger rhizome rot solarization observation trial

Ginger rhizome rot is the most destructive disease of ginger which results in total loss of

affected clumps. The disease is soil-borne and the fungus multiplies with buildup of soil

moisture. The ginger rhizome rot soil solarization observation trial is being conducted at RDC

Bhur and in the farmer’s field in Dekiling geog under Sarpang Dzongkhag. The soil was


solarization for three months using thin (transparent) plastic sheets. In the treatment plot, the

ginger rhizomes were also treated with Bordeaux mixture for 30 minutes and shade dried

before planting. The trial is ongoing and based on the results this year it will be continued in the

next season.

3.0 CABBAGE

3.0.1 Crucifer Club root survey

The National Plant Protection Centre (NPPC) was requested by Dzongkhag Agriculture Officer of Paro Dzongkhag to investigate plant protection problems in cabbage in Naja geog. A team from NPPC visited the area and found out that the major problem associated with cabbage was the club root disease. Subsequent to this visit, the NPPC decided to conduct a preliminary survey to detect the presence of club root in Thimphu and Chukha Dzongkhags.

Clubroot is caused by a soil borne organism, Plasmodiophora brassicae. The organism is a member of the slime mold group and not a true fungus. It can live in the soil for many years as resting spores.

The survey area included Chang, Dagala, Mewang and Kawang geogs of Thimphu Dzongkhag, and Japchu, and Chapcha geogs in Chukha. Fields were identified through the respective extension agents prior to the field survey. Three different teams surveyed the preselected major growing areas in these two Dzongkhags. During the survey, fields with standing crops were visited to confirm the presence of the disease.

The survey findings showed that all fields in Hongtsho and Yusipang of Thimphu Dzongkhag had clubroot disease. Additionally, clubroot symptoms were observed in Badazam and Thangwom (Chamgang area) of Dagala geog, and Thongphotsawa (Kabesa area) of Kawang geog. However, clubroot was not observed in Silidraphu, Nyshophakha, Siluna of Mewang geog(Gemina areas).The results of the survey conducted in Chukha Dzongkhag. Clubroot was not observed in both Chapcha and Jabchu geogs of Chukha Dzongkhag.

Club root problem in Naja Geog


Alternaria leaf spot and aphid infestation were found to be very common in almost all fields. In Jabchu geog of Chukha, red ant infestation was reported by the farmers as one of the plant protection problems in crucifers, especially cabbage and cauliflower.

Results APPENDIX:1

4.0 PADDY

4.0.1 Weed diversity study in transplanted rice in Western Bhutan (Paro, Punakha

and Wangdue)

In Bhutan, weed management in rice is very poor. Butachlor is the only herbicide available and

used extensively to control weeds, which is supplemented by 2-3 hand weeding. Butachlor is a

pre-emergence herbicide which only controls grasses, but does not control broadleaves and

sedges. Further, repeated application of single herbicide for long time leads to weed shift and

development of herbicide resistance. This study was undertaken to investigate weed diversity

in transplanted rice system in western Bhutan. The aim of the study was to determine

dominant weed types present in rice where hand weeding and chemical are both applied. The

study can also help determine the type of herbicides that requires to be evaluated and

introduced. In total, 18 species have been found infesting transplanted rice. The broadleaves

dominate the rice fields followed by sedges and grasses indicating a possibility of weed shift as

a result of repeated use of single herbicide. The presence of grasses also indicates that they

may have developed resistance to butachlor and this warrants further investigation. A new

weed species, Blyxa aubertii , which dominantly infested transplanted rice fields in Paro and

Punakha was also recorded. It is a submersed aquatic weed with an annual life cycle. The study

is ongoing this season.

New weed, Blyxa aubertii, identified and recorded for the first time in transplanted rice

Weeds list, APPENDIX:2


5.0 CHILLI CROP

5.0.1 Mass Trapping of Helicoverpa armigera (Chilli Pod Borer) using pheromone

traps

Chilli pod borer mass trapping was carried out in Woku-Damchi village at Kabjesa geog, under

Punakha dzongkhag.. From Woku-Damchi village 50 chilli growing farmers were gathered were

briefed on the use and deployment of the pheromone traps, identification of the adult moth,

trap maintenance, and record keeping. This trial on the use of pheromone traps has been

ongoing since the last season and critical information on the biology of pest have been generated

which will assist in devising appropriate control strategies:

A) Adult male moths starts to emerge in the field in the third week of March B) The peak activity of

the adult male moths starts from the beginning of April and continues till mid May. C) The adult

male moth activity starts to decline from the end of May D) Egg laying commences from April and

declines after the third week of may. The pod borer control trial will be continued this season in

Punakha with incorporation of trap crops and NPV treatment. Chilli pod borer monitoring study

using pheromone traps will also be initiated this season in Trashiyangtse.

Moths trapped in the trap

Briefing on the use of pheromone

traps to the farmers


6.0 POTATO CROP

6.0.1 Field control trial of Red Ant, Dorylus orientalis Westwood (Formicidae: Hymenoptera) using plastic barriers

Red Ant has been a major pest in Potato in Bhutan for which appropriate management strategy is not available up till now. In order to devise appropriate control strategy a study using simple plastic barrier was evaluated in farmer’s field of Goshi geog, Dagapela dungkhag in collaboration with the Dzongkhag Agriculture, Dagana.

Simple plastic barrier have been shown to be very effective in controlling the Andean Potato

weevils, Premnotrypes suturicallu in the Andean regions. This technique employs simple plastic

sheet that is 50 cm high with 10 cm into the ground through which weevil migration into potato

fields are checked. If red ants do not nest within the fields and invade fields from outside, this

technique can potentially prevent ants from invading potato fields. The barrier was improvised

by applying a band of insecticide (chlorpyrifos) + sticky compound around the plastic barriers to

check ants climbing through the barriers. Further pitfall traps were placed inside, on the

periphery and of the fields to determine the appearances and presence or absence of ants

within the fields.

This trial however will be discontinued this season as alternate techniques which are easier to adopt in the field will be evaluated against this pest.

6.0.2 Field evaluation of Neem and Chlorpyrifos against Red ant

Efficacy of two products in controlling red ants were evaluated in the farmer’s field in Goshi

geog in Dagana. Potato field with previous history of red ant infestation were selected. The trial

was established in two farmers’ field with four replication each. The experimental plots were

Plastic sheet barrier against red ants


designed in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The experimental plots were

randomly assigned with one of the four treatments: Neem Baan (3ml/l water), Neem baan

Neem Baan (5ml/l water),Chlorpyrifos (2ml/liter of water) and Control with no treatment. The

potato plants in the treatment blocks were drenched with approximately 100 ml of treatment

solution. The application was repeated after three weeks.

Sampling for red ant infestation was carried out during two periods, i.e. before treatment and

at tuber harvest. During harvest, potatoes were sampled for red ant infestation from both

treated and control plots. Further, potato tubers were sampled for tuber damage intensity. The

data has been collected and the trial will be repeated this season.

6.0.3 White grub (WG) abundance and diversity study in potato through molecular

marker techniques

The National Plant Protection Centre in collaboration with the National Potato Program (NPP)

with financial support from the Austrian Development Project (ADA) carried out a study on WG

species diversity and abundance.

White grub has recently been reported to be a major pest in potatoes in India and Nepal. In

Bhutan apart from sporadic attacks by this pest, it has not been reported to cause significant

damage. However, as the identity of these pests remains unknown, this study was designed to

determine the identity of the most abundant WG grub species that prevail in potato growing

areas in Bhutan. As WG takes numerous years to turn to an adult, determining the identity of

these species through the adult morphological characters is not possible. Hence, the identity of

the WG, collected from the field, will be determined through molecular marker techniques in

which the DNA of the WGs will be matched with the adult scarabid beetles(collected in the light

traps).

WG with damaged tubers

WG sampling

White grub infesting

potato

Light Trap installed in potato fields


The study was conducted in Kanglung and Khaling geog in Tashigang and three locations in

Chapcha geog under Chhukha district .WG larvae were collected from soil samples within a

potato field 1 day after harvest. In total, 25 potato fields were sampled and each of these fields

was sampled in 12 points, each point measuring 30x30x30 cm, for the presence of WG. Adult

scarab beetles were collected using light traps. Samples of adult scarabids and WG larvae have

been sent to University of Innsbruck, Austria where the identity of these specimens will be

determined.

7.0 MANGO

7.0.1 Observation trial on mango Scale management using TSO, Lastraw and

Dimethoate

In order to study the efficacy of three PP products against scale insects and sooty mould

development, three products (Lastraw, Tree Spray Oil and Dimethoate) were evaluated in

Sonagasa, Punakha on mango trees. Lastraw is an organic salt formulation specially formulated

concoction for control of all soft-bodied sucking pests such as mealy bugs, thrips, white flies,

mites, aphids, scale insects and plant hoppers.

These products were evaluated against its efficacy to control mango scale. In total 20 trees

were selected for the trial. Five trees were sprayed with one of these products with five trees

kept as control. Lastraw was sprayed @ 5m/ liter of water, at an interval of 7 days. TSO was

sprayed @30 ml/liter of water, only once while Dimethoate was sprayed @ 2ml/liter of water,

at an interval of two weeks (14 days).

Before Spray of TSO

After spray of TSO


The results indicate TSO to be effective in removing the sooty mould with no phytotoxic effect

observed on the trees. However, lastraw and dimethoate did not provide satisfactory scale

control. The study needs to be revalidated to determine the efficacy of these products.

8.0 REFERRAL COLLECTION

8.0.1 Addition of insect specimens to the referral collection

The entomology division updated the insect referral collection through field collection and

laboratory rearing in the centre. Specimens were pinned, labeled and added to the referral

collection: Insect list, APPENDIX:3

9.0 Human-Wildlife Conflict Mitigation

Measures to mitigate HWC have remained a priority in order to reduce losses due to wild life

crop depredation. In order to address this issue practically Mr Tshering Penjor, Dy. Chief

Research Officer, RDC -Wengkhar developed an affordable Electric Fencing System (EFS) with

the use of locally available resources. However, mass production of one of the component of

this EFS energizer was not possible and remained to be a major constraint. Therefore, NPPC

assisted in procuring cheap and affordable energizers from China. In collaboration, RDC-

Wengkhar and NPPC has successfully established demo-EFS in various Dzongkhags with the

following objectives:

I. To address safety and standard issues concerning the EFS

II. To showcase electric fencing system as a community based participatory approach in

successfully mitigating HWC and consequent losses to agriculture crops

III. To serve as demonstration sites where farmers from other regions will be trained in the

EFS

IV. To validate the effectiveness of the new energizers

9.0.1 Demo-electric fencing sites in Mongar Dzongkhag

a. Geog: Kengkhar

b. Location: Shajula (27°8’26.58”N, 91°16’53.64”E)

c. Fencing perimeter: 1.4 km

d. Area covered: 12 ac

e. Beneficiaries: 8 HHs


Shajula – demo-electric fencing site

9.0.2 Demo-electric fencing in Haa Dzongkhag

a. Geog: Katsho

b. Location: Katsho (27°23’36.75”N, 89°16’11.28”E)

c. Fencing perimeter: 4.6 km

d. Beneficiaries: 91 HHs

Katsho – demo-electric fencing site


9.0.3 Demo-electric fencing in Trashigang Dzongkhag

a. Geog: Kanglung

b. Location: Yongphu Pam (27°15’45.20”N, 91°29’43.38”E)

c. Fencing perimeter: 8 km



Yongphu Pam – demo-electric fencing site

9.0.4 Demo-electric fencing in Trashiyangtse Dzongkhag

a. Geog: Lechen

b. Location: Zadi

c. Fencing perimeter: 3 km



Preliminary reports of the demo –electric fencing

The effectiveness of EFS in protecting crops from wildlife damage is being validated. Since the

EFS was established 4 months ago, the actual field data is not yet available for analysis.

However, baseline information on the estimated yield loss and current production of crops has

been collected for future analysis and comparison. Informal feedback has been collected and

feedbacks from Haa Dzongkhag indicate that the EFS has been successful and has effectively

checked wildlife, such as wild pigs, from entering agricultural fields. Reports indicate that


farmers are no longer required to guard their crop at night. Feedbacks from rest of the

Dzongkhags are being compiled.

10.0 Production of field identification guides for pest and disease of rice, maize and

potato

One of the main difficulties faced by the extension agents in the field of plant protection is the

easy and accurate identification of a pest or a disease on a crop. Often yields are lost before a

pest or disease is identified and curative action could be initiated. In order to facilitate easy

identification of major pest and disease, pictorial field identification guides for pest and disease

of Rice, maize and potato were developed and published by NPPC for distribution to farmers

and extension agents.

11.0 Surveillance of stem rust in collaboration with Durable Rust Resistance in

Wheat (DRRW)

Cereal rust surveys were undertaken by the NPPC and RDC, Bajo, in collaboration with the Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat (DRRW) project from 17th -21st April, 2012. Surveys were undertaken in the wheat/barley/oat growing areas of five Dzongkhag's in western Bhutan (Haa, Paro, Punakha, Gasa, Wangdi Phodrang). A total of 26 individual sites were visited, with several cereal fields surveyed for diseases at each location using standard BGRI survey methodology. Surveys were conducted in agricultural areas with bread wheat, barley and oats included in the survey. The primary focus of the surveys was to assess the status of cereal rusts in Bhutan and to monitor the potential spread of new virulent races of stem rust (Ug99 race lineage) into the South Asian region. The role of Berberis sp. as a potential alternate host for cereal rusts (stem and stripe rust) was also investigated. Berberis sp. bushes in close proximity to cereal crops and along the roadside were checked for aecial infections . No stem rust was observed at any of the survey sites visited. Stripe (yellow) rust was the most widespread cereal rust, being observed at 13 out of the 26 sites visited. Highest incidence and severity of stripe rust was observed in Punakha Dzongkhag. The commonly grown cultivar "Sonalika" was susceptible to stripe rust. Both bread wheat and barley were infected with stripe rust.


Leaf rust was observed at 11 out of the 26 sites visited. Berberis spp. was common in the survey areas. Berberis spp. infected with rust aecia were observed at three distinct locations – one location in southern Punakha (Omtekha village) and two locations in Paro (Shabdrujedingkha and Susuna) .

12.0 Trainings and awareness campaign

12.0.1 Clubroot disease awareness campaign at Naja Gewog, Paro

Clubroot disease outbreak on cabbage crops was confirmed by the plant protection team from NPPC on the 22nd of August, 2011. The presence of clubroot was confirmed in the following places namely Lingzhi, Bjomaykha, Omchakha, Wokolumpa under Naja Gewog and Sali under Dogar Gewog.

To address this, a training and awareness campaign was conducted to the farmers of Naja and

Dogar Gewogs, Paro on the significance and management of club root disease on the brassica

crops. The training and awareness campaign was held in Naja Gewog centre on 18th of August

2011 with a total of 66 farmers attending the training.

Field survey on stem rust

Strip rust


12.0.2 Trainings

The NPPC organized and completed 5 plant protection training programs for the EAs and

farmers. In total 96 EAs, 2 RAs and 118 farmers were trained.

Slno. Training Topic Target Dzongkhags

Training venue/ date Total no. of people trained

1 Training on pest surveillance

Tsirang, Wangdue, Chhukha, Punakha, Paro and Dagana dzongkhags

Lobesa, 26th – 30th September, 2011

34 Eas

2 Training on Integrated Pest Management (IPM) of Rice

Sarpang, Samdrupjonkhar , Samtse

RDC Bhur, 18th – 20th of October,2011

25 Eas,2 Research asst.

3 Integrated Pest Management (IPM) of rice, citrus, vegetables, cardamom, ginger and weed management

Chukha and Samtse

Phuentsholing, 20 – 23 March 2012

22 Eas

4 Training on pest surveillance and IPM on apple, rice and vegetables

Haa,Paro and Thimphu

AMC Paro,29th -31st May 2012

15Eas

5 Awareness training on Integrated Pest Management of Citrus and Cardamom

Chukha

Dzongkhag Phuentsholing and

Gelling Gewog, 21st 22

November 2011

118 Farmers

Grand Total 96 EAs 2 RAs 118 Farmers

EAs training Farmers training


13.0 DIAGNOSTIC AND ADVISORY FIELD VISITS/LABORATORY ACTIVITIES

The NPPC carries out regular advisory field visits based on requests from farmers, extension,

research centers or agencies in relation to plant protection. Advisory services are also provided

for farmers and Extension personnel visiting the center with or without samples. Ad hoc

request for provision of training, lecture or participation in workshops, seminars, or meetings

are also entertained based on the relevance and time available. Laboratory diagnostic services

are provided regularly by all the 3 divisions.

14.0 Plant protection products supply and distribution (2011-12)

Sl.

No.

Particulars Quantity

Indented

(Kg or L)

Quantity

Supplied

(Kg or L)

Value (Nu.) Comments

1 Insecticides 3160.00 3645.90 717,202.00 Dzongkhags lift

less than they

actually indent

as actual

requirement

can only be

confirmed after

tendering and

price fixation

and upon cash

payment by

farmers

2 Fungicides 2610.00 2858.20 1,210,873.00

3 Herbicides 2400.00 3781.60 3,177,556.00

4 Rodenticides 55.00 40.49 38,956.00

5 Acaricides 0.00 0.00 0.00

5 Others – non-toxic 10870.00 10813.00 1,124,552.00

Total Amount (Kg or L) 19,095.00 21,139.24 6,269,139.00


15.0 HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT

Trainings undertaken by NPPC staff:

1. A team, comprising of NPPC staff and extension agents, was trained on of pest

surveillance in Bangkok, Thailand under the Agriculture Cooperation Framework

between Thailand and Bhutan- 19th February- 7th march, 2012

2. One staff undertook training on disease free citrus nursery management and mother

tree propagation- Bangkok, Thailand- 26th April -3rd May, 2012

3. Four staff completed the training on bio control rearing and mass production

techniques-Banglore, India-April 30-15th May,2012

4. Three staff were trained on office management in CMI, Phuntsholing- 15th -30th

April,2012

5. One staff is being trained on post harvest disinfestations techniques for fruit flies,

funded by JICA-Okinowa, Japan May-18th –August 30th 2012

6. Five staff were trained on Project management and e-governance ( Chiphen Riphen) in

RIM, Semtokha.

Meetings/Seminars/Workshops/Study tours attended by NPPC staff

Three staff attended the Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat (DRRW) meeting in Nepal in

September, 2012 for S-Asia funded and organized by Cornell University, USA.

One staff undertook an institutional visit to Australia from 11th-26th May,2012

Two staff attended the Austrian Development Agency(ADA) project review and planning

meeting in Nepal-March,2012

One staff attended a collaborative research work on wheat rust surveillance, data

collection and monitoring-Conducted in India- from 25th February- 10th March, 2012


16.0 FINANCIAL REPORT

Financial progress of the NPPC (2011-2012)

Description

Spent Amount (Nu. In Million)

RgoB

Current 9.027

Capital 0.854

Sub-total (A) 9.881

DRDP

Current 0.058

Capital 1.385

Sub-total (B) 1.443

KRII

Current 0.400

Capital 1.402

Sub-total 1.802

Grand total (A+B+C) 13.126


17.0 Appendices

Appendix 1: Results of the club root survey in Thimphu and Chhukha dzongkhag Thimphu Dzongkhag

Geog Village Clubroot presence

Yes/No

Chang Hongtsho Yes

Chang Yusipang Yes

Dagala Badazam Yes

Dagala Thangwom Yes

Dagala Thanggom No

Kawang Kuchuchan No

Kawang Begana No

Kawang Thongphotsawa Yes

Mewang Silidraphu No

Mewang Nyshophakha No

Mewang Siluna No

Chukha Dzongkhag

Geog Village Clubroot presence

Yes/No

Jabchu Jabchu No

Jabchu Tsimakha No

Chapcha Chapcha No

Chapcha Rimtokha No


Appendix 2: Weeds diversity survey: Dominant weeds recorded and identified in transplanted

rice in Paro,Punakha and Wangdue

Scientific name Family Type

Potamogeton

distinctus

Potamogetonaceae Broadleaf

Blyxa aubertii Hydrocharitaceae Broadleaf

Monochoria vaginalis Pontederiaceae Broadleaf

Alternanthera sissilis Amaranthaceae Broadleaf

Acmella uliginosa Asteraceae Broadleaf

Bidens tripartita Asteraceae Broadleaf

Commelina diffusa Commelinaceae Broadleaf

Rotala densiflora Lythraceae Broadleaf

Scripus juncoides Cyperaceae Sedge

Cyperus difformis Cyperaceae Sedge

Cyperus iria Cyperaceae Sedge

Fimbristylis littoralis Cyperaceae Sedge

Fimbristylis aestivalis Cyperaceae Sedge

Cyperus rotundus Cyperaceae Sedge

Paspalum distichum Grammineae Grass

Echinochloa spp Grammineae Grass

Cynodon dactylon Grammineae Grass

Anthraxon

quartinianus

Grammineae Grass


Appendix 3: Insect specimens collected and added to the referral collection in NPPC

Common Name Scientific Name Numbers

Green Plant Hopper Nephotettix spp. 30

Green Horned Caterpillar Melantis leda ismene 10

Gall midge Orseolia oryzae 20

Short- horned grass hopper Oxya spp.? 10

Brown plant hopper Nilaparvata lugens 20

Southern green stink bug Nezara viridula? 15

Chilli pod borer Helicoverpa armigera 20

Fruit fly (Dolay chilli) unidentified 10

Fruit fly (Slippers Guard) unidentified 100

Beetle (weeping willow) unidentified 20

Green Apple Weevil Hyperstylus sp. 10

Apple beetle Cleorina sp. 25

Two-spotted Apple Beetle Microserica sp. 5

Butterfly (Dogwood) unidentified 50

Apple fruit beetle Protaetia neglecta 5

Apple fruit beetle Popillia pilicollis 5

Spiders unidentified 10

Bugs unidentified 10

Citrus Psyllid Diaphorina citri 15 Citrus Psyllid D. communis 50


Appendix 4: Work Plan NPPC 2011-12

Activity & subactivities Time frame (indicate your start and end date within the specific quarter)

Budget code & amount

Funding source

Remarks

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

Subactivity001: Field trial on chill pod borer control and monitoring using pheromone traps

March 2012

June 2012

Subactivity002: Psyllid detection survey

March 2012

Subactivity003:Trial on control of sucking pest in citrus using TSO and biopesticide

February 2012

Subactivity004 Red ant control trial

April 2011 July 2011 This is carried over from the previous year (2010-2011)

Subactivity005 Update and develop the national referral insect collection for Citrus & Apple

March 2012

June 2012

Subactivity006 Distribute and evaluate the effectiveness of modified silo bins for seed storage

October 2011

June 2012

Subactivity 007:Ginger rhizome rot management using soil solarization

Start: December 2011

End: June 2012

This activity will carry over to the next FYP


Subactivity 008: Continuation of ginger rhizome rot using fungicide

End: Dec 2011

This is carried over from the previous year (2010-2011)

Subactivity 009: Citrus HLB detection and monitoring survey

Sept 2011 End: June 2012

Subactivity 0010 club root management trial using lime

February 2012

June 2012

Sub-activity 0011: Delimiting survey on Club root disease

September 2011

Sub-activity0012: Weed succession study Jun 2011 Nov 2011

RGoB

This is carried over from the previous year

Sub-activity 0013: Invasive alien weed survey and mapping

April 2012

This is carried over from the previous year

Sub-activity 0014: Stale seedbed technique for shochum control

Apr 2012 0.005 RGoB This is carried over from the previous year

Sub-activity 0015 Pilot study evaluating solar electric fencing and sound repellent system in reducing wildlife crop depredation

July 2011 June 2012

0.900 MAGIP

Subactivity 0016: Local TA for setting and upgrading the database and use of e-

October 2011

June 2012


pest surveillance devices.

Sub activity0017: System analysis, negotiation and customization of ePest surveillance system

July 2011 October 2011

Subactivity 0018 Farmers training and awareness workshop on club root

September 2011

Subactivity 0019 Training of extension agents for the western region on IPM for major commodities

March 2011

Subactivity 0020 Pest surveillance training in rice, citrus, maize and potato for extension agents of Chhukha, Wangdue, Paro, Tsirang, Dagana

September 2011

May 2012

Subactivity 0021 Plant protection impact assessment survey for major commodities

September 2011

February 2012

Subactivity 0022 NPPC Human resource development activities

July 2011 June 2012

Subactivity 001 Advisory and diagnostic field visits

July 2011 June 2012

Subactivity 002 October June 2012


Construction of PP product store

2011

Sub-activity 003 Procurement of furniture, lab equipment, general tools, computers and accessories

August 2011

December 2011

Subactivity001 Procurement and distribution of Plant Protection products

July 2011 June 2012

Annual Progress Report...NPPC Annual Report 2011-12 Page 4 Annual Progress Report National Plant...

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Transcript of Annual Progress Report...NPPC Annual Report 2011-12 Page 4 Annual Progress Report National Plant...