Annexes and Appendices
133
, .. ;~· ,~y l1tr-~~··1 .7.'V Crand"i ?;_[~ ::~~.~tio~- d./ --------· JUDGMENT INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST ANNEXES
Transcript of Annexes and Appendices
~middot ~y l1tr-~~middotmiddot1 7V Crandi
_[~ ~~~tio~shy d --------middot
JUDGMENT
INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
ANNEXES
JUDGKENT
INTERNATIOJAL XILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
ANNEXES
TABIE OF ltDNTETS
ANNEX NO ill ~
Abulll The Potsdam Declaration l
A-1-a Japanese Qualified Acceptance A-1-b Repl7 by Secreta7 of State to Japanese Qualified Acceptance 7
A-1-c Final Japanese Acceptance 9
A-2 ~s trument or Surrender bull bull bull bull 11
Abull5 Moscow conference Agreement bull bull 15
A-4 Special Proclamation Establiahment of an International MilitacyTribunal for the Far Eastbullbullbullbullbullbull 16
A-5 Charter of the International lrilitacy Tribunal for the Far East 19
A-6 Indio tment bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 29
JUDGENT
INrryUJ4~JrPAJ lIIITAZ TRIBUNH FCR TTE FAR EAST
TH- ~rTSDtl DECIfRnICN
26 July 1945
iCCIT 1TI0N PBIDS Cli GCVErwS TJlITED STATES I TJNIT3D UNGD0 I IFD CHH1A
(1) lfe--the President of the United States
the ~resident of the National Government of the
Republic or Cin middot end the Prime inister of Great
Brrtain representing the hundreds of millions of
our countrymen have conferred and agree that Japan
shall be given an opraquoortunity to end this war
(2) The prodigious land sea end air forces
of the United States the British Empire end of
Chine neny times reinforced by their armies and air
fleets fron tte west ere poised to strike the final
blows upon Jaran This military rower is sus a ined
and insnired by the determination of all the Allied
Nations to prosecute the war against Japan until
sbe ceases to resist
(3) The result of the futile end senselessmiddot
German resistance to the might of the aroused free
peoples of the world stands forth in awful clarity
es an example to the people of Japan The might
that now converges on Japan is immeasurably greater
then that which when ep-lied to the resisting Nazis
necessarily leid waste to the lends the industry and
the method of life of the whole German people The
full application of Olll militazy power becked by our
- 1 shy
resolve will mee1f the inevitable end complete
destruction or the Japanese armed forces end just
es inevitably the utter devastation of the Japanese
homeland
(4) middot he time hescome tor Japan to decide
whether she Ytill continue to be controlled by thoe
self-willed militaristic advisers whose unintelligent
calculations heve brought the Empire of Japan to the
thresh~ld ot annihilation or whether eho will
tpllo~ the path of_reason
(5) Following ere our terms We ~111 not
deviate from them There ere no alternatives We
shell brook no delay
( 6) Thero must be e11m1nated tor ell time the
authority and influence or those who have deceived
end misled the people or Japan into embarking on
world conqueet tor Ye insist that e new order of
peace cocurity end justice will be i=ossible until
irresponsible nilitamprism is driven from the world
(7) Until such e new order is established~
until tiere i~ convincing rroot that Japan e wershy
makin~ power is destroyed roipts in Japanese tershy
ritory to bo desirnated by the llies sh~ll be
occupied to secure the achievement of tho basic
objoctlvos we ere here setting forth
8) The torris of th Coiro Dccleration shall
be carried out end Japanese sovereienity shell be
limit~d to the islands ot Honstu liokkoido Kyushu
Shikoku end such ninor islands es we determine
(9) Tho Japanese military forces etter beins
compl tely disarmed shell be )ermittcd to return to
- 2 shy
their homea ~1th the opportunity ~o lead~peacerul
end productive lives
(10) ie do not intend thEt the Jepe11ese shell
be enslaved 88 8 race or destrored 88 8 nation but
stamprn Justice shell be mcted out to pound11 wer crlminelt
including t~osc who hPve visited cruelties upon Olll
priscn~rs Tbe le~cnesa Government shell remove all
obstacles to tbe r~v1vrl end strongtherilngof demoshy
cratic temiddotndsncics emonc the Jenanose aople Fredo11
cf speech of rel1r1on I end of thollfht es well as
respect for the fundcmentel humen rights shell be
established
(11) Ja~on shall be permitted to mo1nto1n such
industries ss will sust1in her economy end purmlt
the exaction of Just rtperttions in kind but not
those v1hich would nebls her to rr-erm for war To
this end eccess to es disti1111uished trom control
of raw motoriels shell be rermltt~d Eventual
Jepenese particiption in world trade rehtions
shell be parritted
(12) The occupying forces of the Allies shell
be yen1ithdrewn from Je~cn rs soon fS thee objctives
hPve been r ceomplished rmiddotnd thrrc hlt-s bein estft blishcti
in nccordrnce with th~ freely expressed will of trt
eEnese poople e ne~cefully inclined end responsibh
governncnt
( lJ) middotbullre CP11 UPOil the government of Jeptn to
rrcc11m now the uncondltlonil surrender of r11
Jcpenese ~rmed forces rnd to provide proper and
edequote oesur~nces of thsir good rc1th in such
rctlon The lltern~tive far Jeptn ls prompt nd
utter dostructiori
-3-
AlNEX NO A-1-o
JUDGMENT
INTERNATJONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
JAPANESE UALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
LEGATION DE SUISSE Washington n c Sir August 10 1945
I have the honor to inform 7ou that the
Japanese Minister to Switzerland upon instructions
received from his Government has requested the
Swiss Political Department to advise the Government
of tre United States of America of the following
In obedience to the gracious COITDlland of
his Majest7 the Emperor fho ever anxious to
enhance the cause of Rgt rld peace desires
earnestl7to bring about a speed7 termination
of hostilities with a view to saving mankind
from the calamities to be imposed upon them by
further continuation of the war the Japa1elie
Government several weeks ago asked the SOviet
Government with which neutral relations then
prevailed to render good offices in restoring
peace vis -a vis the enemy powers Unfar tuna t_eshy
17 these efforts in the interest of peace
having failed the Japanese Government 1n conshy
formity w1 th the august wish of His ttajest7
to restore the general peace ani desiring to
put an end to the untold sufferings entailed
b7 war as quickl7 as possible have decided
- 4 shy
upon the following
The J~p~nese r-overnmant rre rendy to
ccept the terms enumerrteurod in th- joint
drcl~rrton which bullEs issued ft otsdmiddotm on
July 26th 1945 by the heeds of the Governmonts
of the United St tts Gret t Br itdn ~nd Chin
nnd 1-ter subscribed by tha Soviet Govornment
with the undorstbullncinz thrt the srid doclcrshy
tion does not comprise ~ny de~nd which prejushy
dices the prerogbullmiddottives of His Ejeurosty ts
Sovereign nuler
Tba 0 -rnese Governcnt sincerely hope
h~t this understtnding is wcrrcntGd nd desire
keenly th~t bull n explicit indic tion to th1 t
effect will be speedily forthcomine
In trr nsmi ttinp the r bove messr re the J(pmiddotnese
Iinistar rddod thbullt tis Governraent begs the Governshy
ment of the Tritd St~tes to forwrrd its cnswer
through the intcrmedimiddotmiddotry of Switzerlrnd Similr-r
requests ~re buing trnsmitted to tho Cmiddotovornments
of rrert Britin middotn~ the ~nion of Soviet Socirlist
Republics through the intermedfrry of Sweden bull s
we11 S to the Covernment of Chin~ through the intershy
mcdhry cf Switzerlrnd The Chinesa 1-inister t
Berne h~s bulllredy been informed of the foregoing
through the ehrnnel of the swiss oliticrl Deprrtshy
ment
Plcise be rssured th t I c~ rt your disposl
~t rny time to rccept for nd forwtmiddotrd to my Governshy
m~nt the reply of thcmiddotGovernnent of the Cnited St 0 te~
- 5 shy
tccept S1r the renewed r ssurrnces ot my
highest considerrtion
lh() Fonorcble J~mes f Byrnes s Grossll secret~ry ot Stete
Cherge d 1ttl ires ~d interim ot SW1 tzerlcnd
- 6 shy
JlliEX NO J-1-b
JUDGlENT
INT1RNTIONL IILITay TRIBUNAL FOF THI FJR ElST
REPLY BY SECPLTRY OF STTE TO JJPfuESE CULIFIED ieCCEPTJjCJE
Auust 11 1915
Sir1
I hnve the honor to ~cknowledre receipt of y)ur
note of Auust 10 nnd in rc~ly to inforri you thrt
the Prcsitent of th lnitcd Sttes h~s directed rie
to send to you f~r trrnsrrission by y)ur r0vcrnncnt
to the JlJnese G)vern1ent the follminp r-essire In
brmiddothnlf of the Govcrnncnts of the United Strtcs the
Uni tcd Kinrdoo the Union of Sovkt $)cidist
neublics rnd Chinni
1th rcpr-rd to the Jr-rncgtsc Governricntbulls
rcmiddotSS1fe lCCPtinp the tcri-s ~f the Fotsdri roclcshy
mrti 1n but Cmiddotgtntdninp the strtfmcnt 1 with the
understinclinp thot the stid dcclnr~tion dx s not
comprise rny deoond which rejudicesmiddot the prerontives
or His Majesty cs P sovcrcirn ruler 1 our rosition
is ns folloi-1s1
Fr)ri the riomc-nt of surrender the ruthrity
of the- Er1perr nd the Jnnesc Govcrrnirnt to rule
the stotc s~all be subject to the Surei-~ Clrinrnder
or the llied iov1crs who v1ill t-ke such sters rs he
decr-s roper to cffc ctute the surrender tcrlbullS
The Emperor will be requirec1 to riuth0rize ond
c-nsure thpound sir-nature by the Govcrnrient of Jrrrn nd
the Jn~onese Irirerinl General Hrndqurrtcrs of the
- shy
surrender terns necessary to ccrry out tho proshy
visions ot the ctsdan r~cleretion and shell issue
his couiands to ell tte ~aanesa llilitcr- mvcl
end eir authorities en~ to ell the forces under
th~ir control whoravor locrtod to cease octiva
opcrctions rnd to surrender their trns cnd to
issue suet- otter orders ts tte 3urrelle Cor1itndor
n y relulre to -ltive effect to the surrender terms
Ifll~dietelmiddot unon the surrsnder tho Jarenese
Governnent shell trcnsort rtscners of Vii r end
clvilim int ornees to pleces of s foty cs directd
whera thQ~ cen quickly bb plLced cboerd Allied
trrnsrorts
ThG ultiwt forr1 of eovernnont of Jcpcn
sh~ll in occcrdtnce with the ~otsdcm Decl~rrtion
be cstablisbcd by the freely cxrressed ~111 of tho
Jcpampnesa ~~oplc
Th rr1Gd forces of the Allied iowers will
re r-ln in s--n until the bullurroros set forth in the
otsd~ll declerr tion ore 1middotchlcved
Acccrt Sir the ronewad rssuronces of ry
highest consider~tion
r middotox r-rnssli Ctrge d Jffioires fd Interpound of
Switzcrlnd
- 8 shy
1JU1EX NO 1-1-c
JUDGIENT
INTERNJTIONL MILITARY TRIBUNiL FOR TEE FJR EAST
FINbL JbPIJESE ACCEPTANCE
LBGATION DE SUISSE bullwASHINGTON DC
Aurust 14 1945
Sir1
I have the h~nlr to refer to ylur note of
Aurust 11 in which you requested me to trcnsmit to
oy Government the re~ly ~f the Govcr=nts lf the
United st~tes the United Kinrdom the Union or
Slviet Slcialist Rc~ublics end Chine to the ressape
frlm the Jcpcneso a~vcrnoent which wcs com~unicntcd
in my n~te of August 10
lt 2010 todoy (Swiss Tine) the Jnpcnese
Minister to Switzcrlcnd conveyed the followiflishy
written strtclient to the Swiss Govcrnoent for trrnsshy
1issiln to the four Allied Glvnnmcnts1
Comtiunicrtion of the J~rrnesc Governnent
of Aurust 14 1945 cddressed to the Governoents
of the Unitcd Stetes Greet Britain the Slviet
Union ~nd Chinas 1171th reference to the Jcprnesc Governshy
rpound n11s hote lf 1uust 10 tqrardinl thE ir
nccer~cnce ~r the ~rovisi~ns of the Potsdam
Dcclorrtiln ~na the reply lf the Governments
f the United St~tcs Great Britain tho
Swi1ot Union l)nc Chini srnt by Jrnericn Sccreshy
t~ry f st~tc Zyrncs under the date of AUJUSt 11
- 9 shy
the J~pcnese Governricnt h~vc tho honor to cocshy
nunictc to the rovernnents of the four powers
rs follows
l Fis l~jcsty the ErrEgtror h-s iesued
rn nnerhl rescri~t rcfrrdine- Jprn s ccccptshy
nca of the nrovsions of thamp Potsd2c Daclcrcshy
tion
2 Fis Lr Jc sty the Jmperor is prcprrtid
to ~middotuthorize ~nd cnsur the signtture by his
Gcverrwunt cnd the Imperil-I Gcnerrl Herdqucrters
of the necessmiddot ry terris for crrry1ng out the
provisions of the fotsdc Deel rr tion Eis
r jesty is bull lso repf red to issue his coonrmiddotnds
to r-11 the nilitrry nmiddotvcl rnd middotir uthorities
of Jltpn degnd ell th forces uncicr thtiir control
vherever loc tcd to cs~ se ctive opertions to
surrender -rllS rnd to issue such other orders
s rny b required b the 5urrma Conrl nder of
the lli(d Feroes for th~ execution of th
bull bove-ncntioncd tcrls
1capt lr th- r~newtd rssurrnces of my
hiFhest consictertion
Grrssli Chrrge d middotrrires middotrd interim
of SWitzerlr nd
1r ~x Grssli Chmiddot rge abull rr~ ires middot d InteriL~ or
3yeni tzerlr nd
- 10 shy
A~TJIl TC J -2
JlJDG E-T
HTmmiddotmICITAL )III~RY TRIBUNtL FCR TH FAR EAST
e acting b command of and in behalf of the
ELlperor cf Jaran the Japanese ~overnment en~ the
Ja~anese Imperial General Feadouarters hereby
accept the provisions set forth in the declaretioc
issued by the heads or the Governments of the TTnited
States C ine end Great flritain on 26 July 1945 at
rotsdeo and subsequently adhered to b) the Union
of Soviet Socialist Re~ublics which four powers
ere hereafter referred to as the Allied ~ewers
e hereby proclain the unconditional surrender
to tte Jllied rowers of the Jarenese Imperial General
Heacq_uarters end of all anenese armed forces and
ell arMed forces under Jaanese control wherever
situated
e hereby collllend all Japanese foroes wherever
situated and the Je~epese people to cease hostilities
forthwith t(l preserve enc save fror- daoate ell
ships Eircreft and Eilitery ahd civil property
end to ccMply with all requirecents which may be
irroosed bmiddot the Supreme Cotlllenltler for the Allied
Powers or by agencies of the Jaranese Government at
his direction
middote hereby collllanc the Japanese rr~erial General
Peodquarters to issue at once orders to the Comshy
manders of ell Jaenese forces end all forces under
- 11 shy
middotJaanese control vherever situated to surrender
unconditionslly themselves and all forces under
their control
e hereby corllland all civil military end naval
officials to obey end enforce all proclsmetions
orders end directives deerued by the Supreme Comshy
mender for the Allied ~ewers to be proper to
effectuate this surrender end issued bmiddot hio or under
his authority and~~ direct all such officials to
re~~in at their posts end to continue to perform
their non-combatant duties unless specifically
relieved by hi1 er under his author ty
middotmiddote hereby undertaYe for the ELperor the
JaTienese Government end their successors to carry
out the provisions of the otsdan Declaration in
~cod feith end to issue whatever orders and teke
whatever action nay be rerured bl the Suprene
Corllonder for tte Allied rowers or by ony other
designated rspres~ntative of the tllied ~ewers for
tlie ~-urose or riving effect to that Decl1ration
e hcrebi corlland the Japenese Inerial
rovernrent ond the Japanese ImTierial General headshy
quarters et once to liberate all allied prisoners
of Mr end civilisn internees now under Japanese
control end to provide for their ~rotection cere
lillintenence and illllediete trans)ortrtion to places
es directed
~he euthority of ths m~eror and the Japanese
Government to rule the state shall be subject to
th~ 8upreme Colllllcnder for ths Allied Powers who will
tike auch steps as he deems proper to effectuate
- 12 shy
these terms or surrender
51gned et TokO Bsmiddot Janen at 0904 on the
Second dry of September 1945
By Command find In b6 alf of the Emnoror of Japan end the Jepanese Gov3rnment
Ycshirro Umezully Cornrnd endn behe lf of the JAFtnese lnperitl Genersl Hecduerters
fcCftod ct Tytyo E~ Te pan Et 0908 on the
~eccnd dry of lt1ertairbor 1945 for the ttnited Stctes
Reublio of Chine United fingdoP1 rnd the Union of
Soviet kci~list Republics e-nd in the interests of
the other Tnited Nrtions rt lier with Jopcn
C l NiMit z Unlted St~tes Representtive
Hsu Yung-ChFnll
Bruce Fr-ser United Kinqcon JepresentEtive
lieuten~nt renerrl K Derevyrnko Union of ~ovlet Soolrllst RepublicsRepresent~tive
T bull Blrmy Corimiddotcnwer-lth of fustrlic RepreBEnhtive
I bull toore Cos lr ne DoMinlcn cf eenfdf lepresentctrve
le Chrc ~rovl~icnsl Gov~rnment of the French Republic qerrescnt~tive
- lJ shy
C ~ 1 Helfrich flngdom of the ~c~hcrlmiddotncs Reprsent~tive
Ltonmiddotrd middot Isittmiddot Doninion of Pew Zcmiddotlmiddotnd Rcnrcsentctive
~ccptin the terms set forth in tho De~l r shy
tion issued br the heds of the Goverll1lcnts of the
1Jni tcd st tes Grert Eritcin ind Lhin on July 26
1945 r-t otsdru nd subsequently ~dhered to by the
Union of ~oviet Soci list Re~ublics I hva commnde4
the lmiddot J nose Irperil Governm-nt ~nd the J1p~ nese
lllperi l Gener~ 1 He dqu~rter13 to sign on my behlf
the instrument of surrender presented by the Supreme
ColDlmiddot nder for the llied owsrs 7nd to issue Generfl
Orders to the lil1trry bullnd IIbullvbulll forces in cccordrnclt
with the direction of the Supr5lilC Comm ndw- for the
llied Fowers I co=rnd rll my people forthwith to
cerse hostilities to lbully down their irms nd fbullithshy
fullr to c~rry out middot11 the provisions of the instrushy
rent of surrcndor middotnd th Generrl Orders issued by
the ry~ nese Im~erirl C-encrbull 1 lier dqu~ rters thereunde
- 14 shy
JNNEX NO J-3
JUDGMENT
INTLRNATIONAL MILITRY TRIBUNJ FOR THE FAR EA-
MOSCOV CONFERENCE AGREE-ENT
The Forei rn Ministers of the Union If Soviet
Scicl1st Republics the United Kinrdom and ~e United Stetes of ncricn met in Moscow frrr December
16 to December 26 1945 in ncc0rd with the
decision of the Crimea Conference poundOnf1rmed nt t~
Berlin C0nference thet there shuld be er ind ic conshy
sultnt11ll between them At the meetinfs of the 3
Foreign Ministers discussions took plnce on nn
informnl nnd erlorntory bnsis r-nd crrecmrnt wns
renched on the follow1np questions bull
bullbullibullbull
i The Supreme Commnltkr shdl 1ssuc nll
Orders for the inplmiddotmcntati ln of the Terms of
SurrendEr the Occupatigtns end control of J~)~n
nnd Dirc-ctives supplercmiddotntnry thereto In middotoll cases
action will be cnrricd cgtut uncer me throurh the
Supreme Commender who is the s0le Excmiddotcutive ruth0rity
for the Allied Povers in Joprn He 1ill consult nnd
id vise vii th the Council in ndvnnce of thc is sunnce
gtf Orders on mnttcrs of substance the rxirencies
of the situation permittinr his decisions upon
these octtcrs shall be controllinr
middot
- 15 shy
mrtJC T( -4
Jl JYl TJ-1T
=rcr middotr ircr middotmiddotmiddotmiddot1rr~r
JTltlISP~T ( 11 1 TCI IIIT1Y TRI~UNL
FOR CU~ FR ~ST
ViHlES the United Ltetes end the Netions
allied therewith in orposing the illegal wars of
aggression of the middotxis fJetions have froll time to
tine made declarations cf their intentions that
war crininals should be brought to justice
17 middot the Governnents of the middot111ed -ewers
et war with Japan en the 26th July 1945 at ~otsdam
declared as one of the terns of surrender that
middotstern Sustice shall be meted out to all Yer crimshy
inals including those who hove visited cruelties
upon our ~risoners
F~ middot b~middot the Instrument of Surrender of
Tenen eirecuted et ollt~middoto lay Jaran on the 2nd
lterter1er 1945 the signatories for Tapan by
colnllenc of and n behalf of the un~a~or enc the
re~anese Government accented the terms set forth
in such Declaration at otsddm
FE1 middot by such Instrument of Surrender the
authority of tle Srnperor and the Ja~ anese Government
to rule the etate of middotr_aen is made subject to the
Suprene Cv~bullbuller for the bull-llied owers who is
suthorized to take such steps as he deems proper
tc- effectuate the terms of surrender
- 16 shy
HEREbull 5 the undersigned has been designated by
the lied overs as Suprelle Colltander for the
llied ~obullers to carry into effect the general
surrender of the Japanese arned forces
middotmiddot~middot S the Governments of the United States
Great lri tain -nd russia at the middotoscoy Conference
26th Decer1ber 1945 having considcrei the effectushy
ation by Jaan of the Teris of surrender with tte
concurrence of China have agreed thet the Supreme
ColMander shall issue all Crders for the implamenshy
tetion of the Terns ot Surrender
rC1middot11 THffSFORl I Douglas Hae rthur BS
Supreme Co~mender for the llied rowers by virtue
of the authority so conferred upon ne in order to
imlement the Term of Surrender which requires the
meting out of stern justice to war criminals do
order and provide as follows
RTICl~ 1 There shall be established en
International 1-ilitery Tribunal for the Far est
for the trial of those persons charged individually
o~ es members of oranizations or in both capacishy
ties yith Qffenses which include crimes against
peace
middotR~ICI~ 2 The Constitution jurisdiction and
functions of this Tribunal are those set forth in
the Ghnter of the International lilitiry Tribunal
for thpound ~er Vest a~~roved by mo this day
middot~~JCI~middot3 Nothing in this Order shell
prejudice theJurisdiction of any other internatione
netlonel or occuretion court conriission or other
tribunal established or to be established in Japan
bull 17
or in any territory or a United Nation with Which
Jann has been at war for the trial or war
criminols
Given under my hand et Tokyo this 19th dey
of January 1946
be bullt Iso RTHUR Gontrol of the rmy United State$ rmySupreme Commender for the llied Powers
bull
- 18 shy
ArJllEX NO bull A-5
JODGMBIU
CHARTER
OF THE HJJill~ATICNH lILITARY TRIBUNAL FCR T~o FPR EAST
SECTICI~ I
COSITlJICN CF TRIBU1~~L
ARTICIE 1 middotTribunal Established The Intershy
national Yilitary Tribunal for the Far East is hereshy
by established for the just ano prompt trial and
punishment of the major war criminals in the Far
East The permanent seat of the Tribunal is in
Tokyo
4ITIC1E 2 embers The Tribunal ehall c 0
onsistmiddot
of not less than six ne~bers ruir ncre than eleven
members appointed by the Supreme Commander for the
Allied ~ewers from the names submitted by the Signashy
tories to the Instrument of qurrender India and
Phe Commonwealth of the Philippines
AlTICLE 3 Officers and Secretariat
a President The Supreme Commander for
the lllied Powers Shall appoint a Member to be
President of the Tribunal
b Secretariat
(1) The Secretariat ot the Tribunal
shall be composed o~ a General
Secretary to be appointed by the
Supreme Commander tor tle llied
Powers end such assistant seersshy
bull 19 bull
tariee clerks interpreters erd
other personnel as may be necesshy
sary
(2) The General Secretary shall organshy
ize and direct the work of the
Secretariat
()) The Secreteriet shell receive ell
documents addressed to the
Tribunal maintain the records or
the Tribunal provide necessary
clerical services to the Tribunal
end its members and perform such
other duties as may be designated
by the Tribunal
JRTICL 4 Convening and uorum Votinl1 1 and
bsence
a Convening and luorum When as many as
six members or the Tribunal are present they may
convene the Tribunal in formel session The
presence ore majority or ell members shall be
necessary to constitute e quorum
b Voting All decisions end judgments
of this ~rlbunel including convictions an~ sentenshy
ces shall be by a maJorit7 vote or those members
or the Tribunal present rn case the votes are
evenly divided the vote or the ~resident shall be
decisive
c Abseaoe Ir a member et any time is
absent a~d afterwards ls able to be ~resent he
shall take part in ell subsequent proceeding~
unless he declares 1n open court that he is disbull
- 20 bull
quelitied by reeson of insutticient middottsriiliarity with
the proceedings which took place in his absence
SllCJICN II
Jll~ISDICTINT HD Gll1-~AL ~OVISIOTS
ltRTICIE 5 Jurisdiction Cver ersons end
Offenses The ~r1bunel shall heve the power to try
and runis~ Fer e~tern wer cri~inals who es indivshy
iduals or as members of orranizetions ere charged
with offenses which Lclude Criries against Peace
Tbeefol_lovinr acts or eny of them are crimes
coni~e within the jurisdiction of the ~ribunel for
which there shall be individual responsibility
a Criries against Peace Namely the
planning ~reparation ni_iation or waging of a
declereo or undeclared var of aggression or a war
in violation of intern~tionul lew trerties agreeshy
ments or ossurpoundnces or perticipction in o common
plr n or cc nspirr cy for the occon91iehment of lny of
the foregoing
6 Conventionel ~r ~rires Nenely
vioLtions ot the lrws or custocs of wer
c CriJ11es rrrinst -uw nity Nrmely
curdor extcrmintion enslvcment deportrtion
nd other inhum-ne ~cts committed before or during
the w~r or pereeoutions on politicrl or rtciEl
grounds in execution ot or in connection with my
crime ~ithin the urisdiction of the Tribunrl
whether er not in violbulltion of the domestic 1w of
the country -here perp1tr( ted Le~dcrs orgnizers
lnstig~tors middot nd rccomplices prrticipbull ting in the
- 21 shy
tormuletion or executiomiddotn of a common plan or conshy
spiracy to commit any otmiddotthe foregoing crimes ere
responsible tor eil acts performed by any person
in execution or such plan
RTICL~ 6 Responsibility of Accuse~ Neither
the official position at any time of en ecc~sed 1 nor the feet that an accused acted pursuant to order
of his government or ot a superior shall of itself
be sutficient to free such accused from responsibil shy
ity tor any crime with whi~b he is charged but euch
circumstances may be considered in mitigation of ___
punishment it the Tribunal determines that jus~ioe
so requires
ARTICLE 7 Rules of Procedure The Tribunal
may draft and amend rules of procedure consistent
with the fundamental provisions of this Charter
AR~TCLE 8 Counsel
e Chief of middotcounsel The Chief of Counsel
desieneted by the Supreme Commender tor the Allie4
Powers is responsible for the investigation end
prosecution of charges against war criminals within
the jurisdictionmiddot of this Tribunal and will render
sue~ legal assistance to the Supreme Commander es
is appropriate
b Associate Counsel Any United Netion
with which Japan has been et war may appoint en
~ssociate Counsel to assist the Chief of ~ouneel
SECTICN III
FAIR TRIAL FO~ ACCUSED
ARTICLE 9 Procedure for Feit Trial In order
- 22 shy
t~ nsure fair trial fo~ the accused the following
procedure stell be followed
a Indictment The indictment shell
consist of a plein concise and adequate statement
of each offense charged Each accused shall be
furnished in adequate time for defense a copy of
the indictment including ~ny amendment end of this
Charter in a larguage understood by the accused
b Language The trial and related proshy
ceedings shell be conducted in Eglish and in the
laniuage of the accused Translations of documents
and other papers shall be provided as needed and
requested
c Couns~l for Accused taph accused
shall have the right to be represented by counsel
of his own selection subject to the disapproval
of such counsel at any tifle by the Tribunal The
eccused shall file with the General Secretrry of
the ~ribunal the name of his counsel If an accused
is not represented by counsel and in open court
requests tJe Blbullpointment of counsel the Tribunal
shall designate counsel for him In the absence
of such request the Tribunampl may appoint counsel
for an accused if in its judgment such appointment
is necessery to provide fer a fair trial
d Evidence for Defense An accused
shall have the right through himself or throurmiddoth
his counsel (but not through both) to conduct his defense inclbulliding the right to examine any witness
subject to such reasonable restrictions as the
Tribunal may deterMine
- 23 shy
e Production of ~vidence for the
Defense An accused may ap~ly in writing to the
Tribunal formiddot the Tgtroduction rf witnesses or of
documents The anplication shall state where the
witness or document is thou~ht to be looated It
shall also state the facts nroposed to be proved
by the witness or the document and the relevancy
of such facts to the defense If the ~ritunal
grants the a~plication the Tribunal shall be given
such al d in obtaining nroduction of the evidencemiddot
as the circumstances reouire
ARTICLE 10 Applicetions end Hotions before
Trial All motions epplicatioqs or other requests
addressed to the Tribunal prior to the commencement
of trial shall be made in writing end filed with
the General Secretary of the Tribunal for action
by the Tribunal
S11CTICN IV
J(1RS 0F JRIBTPI ~~D COTDTTCT CF TRIAL
AR~ICLll 11 ~ The Tribunal shall have
the newer
a To summon witnesses to the trial to
require ther to attend and testify and to question
them
b To interrogate each accused and to
~ermit comment on his refusal to answer any question
o To require the production of documents
end other evidentiary material
d To require of each witness ampn oath
affirmation or such declaration ea is customary in
- 24 shy
the country of the witness end to adminiter oaths
e To appoint officers for the carrying
out of any task designated by the lribunal includshy
lng the Ower to Jave evidence taken on corunissicn
AR~ICIE 12 Conduct of Trial The mribunel
shall
a Confine the trial strictly to en
expeditious hearin of the issues raised by the
charges
b Take strict measures tQ prevent en7
action which would cause any unreasonable delay and
rule out irrelevant issues end statements of any
kind whatsoever
c ~rovide for the maintenance of order
at the trial end deal summarily with any contumacy
imposing eppropriete runishment including exclushn
of any accused or ~is cou~sel f~om some or all
further proceedings but without rrejudice to the
deterninPtion of the charges
d Dctcrminamp the mental snd physicel
ccp9city cf en7 accused to riroceed to trial
f8J1E 13 ~vidcnce
e Adgt1issibilitv The Tribunal shell not
be bound bv techniccl rules of evidence It shall
rdopt ~nd ~ply to the gre~test possible extent
expeditious end non-trchnic1 procedure middotnd shr11
dmit ~ny evidence which it deems to hve proktive
vrlue All rur1orted dmissions or stctemcnts of middot
the Cousod re cimissible
b RelGv~ nee Th Tri bun_l m7 r_oquire
to be informed of tho m turc of - ny evidence before
- 25 shy
1t is otteredmiddot-111 order to rule ut1on the relev1 rice
c Specific evidence Pdclssible In
prrticulir ~r~ without limiting in middotny wmiddotmiddoty the
scope ot tbe foreroing gonerrl rules the tolhwing
ovidonce m~y be rdmittcd
(1) A document rcgbullmiddotrdlcss of its
security cl~ssitic~tion nd
without root of its issumiddotnce or
sign~ture which l6~rs to th
Tribunrl to h~ve beonsigntd or
issued by bullny officer dop rtraent
ltgcncy or mtnbcr of thi bullrmed
forces ot rny goverruncnt
(2) A -lt~middott t cl pc(rs to the
Tribun-1 to hrvo bean signed or
issued by tho InternPtiondegl Rod
Cross or r member thcreot or
by r doctor of medicino or n7
medicrl sGrvice personnel or by
rn investlg-tor or intollige~co
officer or by ~ny other person
who middotppers to the Tribunrl to
hrvc nersonPl knowledge ot tha
llltters continod in tho r port
J) An eftidavit deposition or other
signed statement
(4) A diary letter or other document
including sworn or unsworu steteshy
ments-which appear to the Tribushy
nal to contain inforlll8tion relat shy
ing to the chmiddotarge
- 26 shy
(5) A copy of e document of lther
seclnch1ry Evidence lr its contents
if the oripin~l is not immediately
nvPileble
d JudiciPl Not~ce The Tribunal shall
neither require prof of rccts or common knewledpe
nor or the authenticity of ~rricial ~~vernment
~ocuocnts and reports or rny nation or or the proshy
cecdins records end findinrs or militnrymiddot or other
arencies or rny er the United Nations
e Records Exhibits llld Documents The
transcript or the procecdinps rnd exhibits end
documents submitted to theTribun~l will be filed
with the General Stcretary ormiddotthc Tribunal end will
constitute plrt or the Record
RTICLE 14 PlPee or Triel The first trial
will be held at Tokyo end eny subsequent tria~s
~111 be held et such rleces a$ the Tribunnl decides bull
poundIlTICLE 15 Course of Trial Proceedings The
-proceedinfs et tho Trial will take the fcllowing
C1JUISel
a The indictoent will be read in court
unless the roadinf is waived by all accused
b The Tribunalmiddot will ask each accused-
llhothtr he pleads ruilty er not ruilty
c The prosecution and each accused (by
counsel only 1 represented) ~ay ~ake a cmcise
opining stotencnt
d The prosecution ond defense may ofter
evidence nnd the admissibility or the same shall be
dpoundtermined by the Tribune~
- 27 shy
e The rrosecution end each accused bf
coun~el only if represented) JTl8Y examine each
witness and each accused who elves testimony
r ccused (by counsel only if represhy
sented) MSY address the Tribunal
g Tho prosecution may address the
Tribunal
h The Tribunal will deliver Judgment
and pronounce sentence
SECTICm V
JUOOI1INT ~TD 3a~~CE
RTICLE 16 Penolty Tho Tribunal shall have
the ower to im2ose upon an accused on conviction
death or such other ~unisrunent as shall be detershy
runod by it to be just
RTICI~ 17 Judgment end Review The Judgment
willmiddotbo onnounced in open court end will give the
reesons on which it is based The r~cord of the
triampl will be transmitt~d directly to the Supreme
Collllander for tho llied ewers for his action_
Sentence will be carried out in accordance with the
Order 9f the Supreme Commender for the llie_d Powqe
who mBy et ony time reduce or otherwise elter the
sentence except to increase ts severity bull
By comm1cnd or GenErl UooRTliUR
RICH1RD J MiREHLL llljor GEnerrl General-Steff cmiddotorpe
Chief of Steff
OFFICIL
s Bl Fitch B l FITCH
Brigrdior Cenorel 1 GD middot djutrnt General
28 bull
ANNEX NO A-6
JUDGMENT
WTIWATirNAL mIITAtv TRIBUNAL FOR THE PAR EAST
INDICT1NT
THf llTTlD STNJES CF AERICA TtE REPUBLIC OF CHINA
THE T~TIID YINGDO CF qEftT BRITAnr AND UCRTHERN
I~EI~D Tl-TE rmrorr CF SOVIET fCCIAUST R)lPT1J3LICS~
TFli COl~C1llUTF OF ~USTRAUA CArADA THE REgtUBLIC
OF fRAlTCE ii KIYGDrl 01 THE NETHERLAlDS NEW
ZlALAm nDI A AND Tl-~ COlJONWEALllI CF liE
PFILirgtn~s
bullAGAINST shy
A~AKI Sedao DCFIARA Kenji liASHDlOTC _Kingoro
FfTA Sunroku FIRANUMA K11chiro HIROTA Koki
HCSRnro Naciki ITGAKIbull Seishiro l7AYA Okinori
KIDO Koichi KDURA Eeitaro rcrsc Kuniaki
~~fTST1I _Iwene lATSTJCPA Yosuke MDTflI middot Jiro
HOTO llkire NAGAPO Osemi CKA Takasumi OKllllA
Shume1 OJlnfA Hiroshi S-TO Ienryo ffiIGlITSU
Memoru SPnrnA Shiretaro SP-IRATORI Tosh1o
~TZJ~I Teiichi TrGC Shigenori TCJO Hideki
UEZU Yoshijiro
Defendants
INDICJ1Ell
In the years hereinafter refe~red to in thie
Indictment the internal and foreign policies middotor JapaL
were dominated ane directed by a cr~inal militarshy
istic clique and such policies were the cause of
serious world troubles aggressive wars end great
- 29 shy
damage to the interests of reace-loving peoples es
well as the interests of the 1apanese peo1e themshy
selves
~he ampind of the Jananese people wes systematicshy
ally poisoned with harmful ideas of the alleged
raciel superiority of ~aran over other peopls of
Asia and even of the whole world Such parllamentarl
institutions es existed in Japan were used as impleshy
ments for widespread aggression and a system similat
to those tren established by Hitler and the Nazi
party in Germany and by the Faicst party in Italy
was introduced The economic and financial resourtef
of lapan were tc a large extent riobillzed for war
a lJiis to the detrinent of the velfare of the Japanespound
pao~le
A conspiracy between the defencants joined in
br the rulers of othr aggressive countries naLely
Tazi Germany anc Fascist Italy as entered into
The rmiddotain objects of tis consiiracy vmiddotas to secure
the dominetion and exrloltation br the aggressive
States of the rest of tte world end to this end
to collllit or encourage the co~mission of crires
against peace war crimes end criries against humanshy
ity as defined in the Charter of this Tribunal thus
threatening end in~uring the basic principles of
liberty end respect fer the hunen personality
In the _rrorotion end accor1plishment of that
achene t~ese defendants taking advantege of their
power and their official positions and their own
personal ~restige and influence intended to and
did plan prepare initiate er vege aggressive ver
- JObull
against the United States of America the Republic
of China the United Kingdoll of Great Pimiddotaain ampnd
trorthern Irelend the 1Tnion of Soviet 50cialist
Republics the Cort1rtonwea 1th of Australia Canada
the Renublc of France the Yingcom of tre Nethershy
lends Pew Zealenc India tte CoJ11onwea 1th of the
Philippines end other reaceful nations in vioetion
of international law es well as in violetion ol
sacred treat- cotJni tme_nts obligetlons and assurshy
ances such plan ccnteu~leted end carried out th~
vibhtion of recognized custoras end conventions of
war b murder in~ niaiming anlt ill-treating prisoners
of war civilian internees end persons OL the high
sees denyine theM edequate food shelter clothing
medicsmiddotl cere or other alrroprifte attention
forcing them to labour under inhwane conditions
end subjecting thera to indignities exploit to
Japans benefit the llenpower snd economic resources
of the vanquished netions plundering public end
private ))ropert1- wantonly destroying cit tms
end villPges beyond eny justification of m1~~tery
neceesity nerretrate mess murder rape pillege
brigEndage torture ampnd other barbaric cruelties
uron the helpless civiliun populetion of the overshy
run countries increampse tre influence and control
of the- mil1t1Jr nnd navel grours over Jepcnese
government offic lels Fnd egencies psyl)hologicelly
prepare Japan-se public opinion for argressive warshy
fare by establishing so-celled ~ssistcnce Societies
teaching netionelistic policies of expansion disshy
seminetinr w~r proprgende end exercising strict
- Jl shy
control over the press rnd redio set up puppet
governuents in conuered countries conclude rlilit-ry
aliicnces with Germn~middot rnd Itrl to enhnce by
military 1ight Jfnrn s progrtrime of expansion
Therefore the cbove nr-ned N2ticns ty their
undersicned representntives ~uly cppoi~ted to
renresent their respective Gover=ents in the invesshy
tigction of the chorges cgcinst end the prosecution
of the middotIe-jor We r Criminrls iiursuent to the Potsdm
Decl~rton of the 20th Jul 1945 end the Instrushy
ment of Surr-rnder of thE 2nd Septerober 1945 0nd
the Chrrter of the Tri bun 1 hereby 0 ccuse cs guilty
in the respects hsrein~fter set forth of Crimes
igcinst Oeece 1rr Grines rmiddotnd Criries gninst wn1mshy
ity ond of rommon Pl1-bullns or Conspircies to collJlit
these Crimes 211 cs defined in the Ch~rter of the
Tribuml end rccordingly n~me rs Defendnts in this
cruse end cs indicted on the Counts hersin1middotfter set
out in which their n-middotns respectively qipe( r ~11
the [bove-n_med individurls
GRCUP NI CRI89 AGAIST FE CE
The following counts charge Crimes against
Feece being Pcts for which it is charged that the
persons naned and each of trem are indivi~ually
resnonsible in accordance with Article 5 and particshy
ularly frticle 5(a) and (b) of the Charter of the
International ilitary Tribunal for the Far East
and in accordance with International Law or either
of them
- J2 bull
CotTNI 1
P11 the DefendMts together ~1th divers other
persons between the let January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
Axecution of a common rlan or conspirac~ and are
resnonsible for all acts performed by themselves
or br anr )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such ~lan or ccnsniraci was that
Japan should secure the military naval poll ti cal
and economic dorinetion of East bullsia and of the
Pacific and Inaian Oceans and of all countries and
islands therein end bordering thereon and for that
nurpose slould alone or in combination with other
ccuntries hevinf sillilar objectii or who could be
indicecl or coerced to foin therein wage declared
or undeclared wer or wars of aggression and war or
wars middotin violetion of international lew treaties
agreements and assurances ega~nst eny country or
countries which might oppose that ~urpose
The whole of the ~articulars in Appendix A
of the Treaty Jrticles in Appendix B end of the
ssurances in bullppendix C relate to this Count
CCUNT 2
~11 the Defendants toqether with divers other
persons between the 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or eccomrlices in tbe formulation er
execution of a cormiddotUlOn 1an or conspiracy and are
resgtonsi ble for ell acts perforr1ed by themEelves or
by an3middot person ln execution of such plan
- 33 shy
The object of such_pian or conspiracy wes that
laren should ascure the military navel political
end economicmiddot dominction of the rovinces of Lieoning
Kirin Heilunpkieng end lehol bein~ perts of the
Re)ublic cf Chine either directl~ or by establishshy
ing a separate state under the control of Jenen
end for that rurpoae should wage declared or undeshy
clared war or wars of aggression end war or wars
in violation of internationai law treaties agreeshy
ments and assurances against the Republic of China
The whole of the Particulors in ~ppendix 1
the following rrreaty rticles in lpendix P Nos 1
to 6 inclusive 8 to 14 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive
32 to 35 inclusive and tlie following ssurances in
~ppendix C Nos 1 to 8 inclusive relate to this
Count
cmrr-1] 3
All the Defendants together with divers other
oersons betveen tbe 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 particpeted as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a corimon ilan or consbull~racy Fnd are
resionsible for all acts perfoned bi ttemselves or
b1 inymiddot )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or conspirscy wes that
Japan should ~ecure the military navel political
and economic doffiinetion of tha Reutlic of Chins
either directly or by estblishingmiddot separate state
or stctes under the control of Japcn Pnc for thct
~urpose shoulc wage declared or unceclared wrr or
- 34 shy
wars of age-ression end wer or vars in violation
of international law treaties agreements and
assurances agein~t the Rerublic of China
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix l end the sane Treaty rticles and ssurances as in Count
2 relate to this Count
CCTJNT 4
11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons betwemiddoten tle stmiddot Zanuory 1928 and the 2nd
Senterrber 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instieotors or eccomrlices in the formulation or
execution of a comrion lan or cons1gtiracy ind ere
resnonsible for ell sets performed by themselves or
b any person in execution of such plin
The object cf such plan or ccns~iracy was that
Jenan should secure the 11ili tary nuvel political
and economic do11nation of East sia and of the
Facific ond Indian Oceans tnd of ell countries end
islands therein or borderinpound thereon end for thet
purrose should alone or in coabim tion with other
countries bovine sniler objects or who could be
induced or coerced to Join therein wage declared or
undeclered wer or we-rs of aggression and wer or
wars in violPtion of internationhl la~ treaties
egreerents )nd assuu-nces egt-instmiddot the Pnited Strtes
of neric11 tre British Conmonwealth of Nutions
(which expression ~herever used in this Indictment
inoludes the UnitedKingdom of Greot Britsin end
Northern Ire lend the Commonweel th of bullustrelil
CFOds Jew ZePlond South ifiicE India Burma thbull
- 35 shy
I~P lay States end all other narts of the Eri tish
Erpire not serarately represented in the League of
Nations) the Republic of France the lingdom of
the letherlends tre Republic of China the Republic
of Portueel the Kingdom of ~hailand the Cororronshy
wea 1th of the Philippines ana tle tTnion of Soviet
Socialist Reublics or such er them as might oppose
trat ptlIJOOSB
Tle whole of the Particulars in Aopendix A
end of the ~reaty Articles in A9pendix P and of the
Assurances in Appendix C relete to this Count
CCUtT 5
~11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons beteen tJie 1st lanuer 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 rarticipated es leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a conunon plan or conspiracy and are
responsible for all acts performed by themselves or
by an person in execution of such plan
The ob1ect of such plan or conspirec was that
Germany Italy end apan should secure the military
navalmiddot politicalend economic doriination of the
whole world each having special domination in its
own sphere the sphere of Japan covering East tisie
the Pacific and Indien Oceans and all countries end
islands therein or bordering thereon end for that
nurnose should mutually assist one another to wage
declared or undeclared war or wars of aggression
and war or wars in violation of international law
treaties a~reelents end assurances against any
countries which might o~~ose thet ~~rpose and parshy
ticularly against the United States of America the
British Comraonwealth of Nations the Renublic of
France the 1ingdcm of the Netherlands the Republic
of Uhina the Republic cf Portugal the Kingdom of
Thailand the Commonwealth of the Philippines end
the Union of Soviet Socialist Renublics
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix A and
of the Treaty ~rticles in lppendix 1 and of the
Assurances in ppendiz C relate to this Count
CCUNT 6
hll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928middot
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression end a war in violrtion of intershy
national law treaties agreSlents andassurances
against the Renublic of China
The followingSections of the Particulars in
lppendiz rros l to 6 inclusive end the same
Treaty rticles and Assurances as in Count 2 relate
to this Count
COTThT 7
lll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression and a war in violation of intershy
national law treaties agreements end assurences
against the United States of rmerica
The followine middotsections of the Particulars in
1ppendiz middot Nos 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10_ tle folJowshy
ing Treaty ~rticles in Appendix B Nos l to 10
bull 3T bull
inclusive 17 to 19 inclusive 22 to )5 inclusive
end 37 and the whole of the f surences in ppendix
C relate to this Count
CCUNT 8
Ill the Defendants between the 1st Jenury
1928 end the 2nd September 1945 planned and preshy
pared a wer of aggression end e war in viohtion of
international law treaties agreements end assurshy
ances epeinst the lTnited lingdom of ltlreet Britein
end Northern I~elend enc ell rerts of the British
CommonwePlth of Nations not the subject of separate
counts in this Indictment
The following Sections of the ~erticulors in
lpehdix middotbull N~ J 4 5 6 7 9 End 10 nd tbe
fcllowine Trepoundty 1rticles in ppendix B Nos 1 2
5 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive 32 to
)5 inclusive 37 and J8 and the whole of the
bullseuronces in 0pendix C relate to this Count
C(ITJT 9
All the Defendentsmiddotbetween the 1st January
1928 fnd the 2nd September 1945 plEnned end preshy
prred e war of eggression Ende war in violcticn of
internntion~l low treaties egreements anQ assurshy
ences geinst the Cor1nonveilth of ustralie
The sene Sectiofts of the Portioul~rs in
ppendix rnd the some Trety middotrticles poundgtnd ssurshy
~noes rs in Count 8 relrte to this Count
- JS shy
COTHT 10 bull
middot11 tl-J e Defencrrts between the 1st Jonu~ry 192
end tbe 2nd Seutember 1945 plnned cnd prepmiddotred e
wFr of nRression ~nd WPr in vlolbulltion of intershy
nctionamiddot1 l~w tre 0 tics rgreeuents rnd essurampnC6S
cpPinst Rew 7eelrnd
The s~le Cections of the ~rticulirs in ~ppudi
Z end the SEmiddotme Trety rticles end )ssurrnces fS i1
Count 8 relcte to this Count
CCTT 11
111 the Delend~nts beteen the 1st J1middotnurgtry 1921
rnd the 2nd Se~tcober 1945 plnned and prepcred
war of oegression ~nd c wrr in viot~iion of intershy
ntioIel lr-w treeties rgreenents rnd essuronce
rgoinst c~nd3
The srme Sections of the ~rrticulfrs nprendi
middot end the s~ne Trerty rticles nd ssur-nces- rs in
Count 8 relFte to this Count
CCITI 12
f11 tto Dcofendnts between tbe 1st i nury 92
ena tr e 2nc Sef)tenter 1945 ~lenned ~nd nrapired 8
wor of -egresson ind c Wr n viohtion of intershy
nrt~omiddotmiddot--1 lrmiddotw trampcties Fgreenents ~nd cssur~middotnces
against India
The ssroe Sections of the rarticu~ in ~ppendiJ
and the sar-e Treaty rticles end ssurarces as 1
Connt 8 relate to this Count
~ 39 shy
C()TJT 13
~11 the Defendants between the 1st JenuPry 192
and the 2nd September 1945 planned end nrepered a
war of aggression and a wer n violction of intershy
national law treaties agreenents end assurances
against the Corironwealth of tle rilirmiddotnines
The sane Sections of the ~artcul9rs in ppendil
and the ss~e Treaty ~rticles end tssurances as in
Count 7 relate to this Count
CCTTT 14
11 the Defendants between the 1st 1enuary 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 ~lenned aad prersred a
wer of aegression znd a wer in viclEtion of intershy
national law treet-ies egreeraents end assurauces
arainst the Kingdol of the ~TeterlEltnds
The following Sections cf the Particulars in
ppendix ~ 11os J 4 6 7 9 and 10 the follcwshy5 ing Treaty rticles in ppendix R Nos 1 to 5
inclusive 10 to 18 inclusive 20 22 to JO inclusivf
32 to 35 inclusive 37 a~d 38 end tte f ollovin~
sur~nces in ~-pendix C tlos 10 to 15 inclusive
relate to this Cou~t
CrTl 15
11 the Defendnts between t~e 1st January
1928 end tr e 2nc1 Se[lterber 1945 planned end
~repered a var of fression enc a wer in violeti_on
of internetional la~ treities aerreerents end
assurences agaicst the Rerublic of ~ranee
~te following Sections of the Particulors in
- 40 shy
ppeniix middot osbull 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 tre
folloving Treaty ~rticles in ipendix B Nos 1 to
5 inclusive 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to 30 inclusive
and 32 to 38 inplusive and the follobulling Assurmceio
in ppendix C os 14 and 15 relate to this Count
COTl 16
11 the Lefendants betveen tle 1st anuary
1928 and the 2nd Sentember 1945 1anned and preshy
rsrecl a war of afgression encl a buller in violation of
international lew treaties agreements and assurshy
ances apeinst tte Lingdcm of Theilend
The following Sections of the ~erticulers in
ppendix bull Nos 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 and
the followin Treaty middotrticles in middotpenCix B lJos
3 4 5 JO end 32 to 38 inclusi~~ ~elate to this
Ccunt
crHT 17
111 the Defendants between the 1st January
1928 and the 2nd September 1945 planned end rreshy
rered a wer of afgressl en and a r in viohtion of
international lav treaties i_reerents ond assurshy
ances qeinst t~ e ncn of Soviet ~ocialist
Renublics
Tre followinr Sections of the amprticulars n
bullnendix bull Nos 1 to 8 inclusive ancl the folluing
Jreety middotrtic] es Lmiddot lenclix B os 1 to 5 inclusive
10 to 18 inclusive 32 tc 35 inclisive 39 to 47
inclusive Pnd middotmiddotssurence Ho 13 in npendix C
relEte to this Count
- 41shy
CCF 18
middothe Defendents 1KI DCFIR RfSHIMOTO
I1 bullm1- bull IT bullotTI Kcrsc rJI I cKrt 11IGELITSU
TC10 and middot~rzu on qr ebout the lftth Septerber 1931
1nit1eted a wer of aggression and a warin violation
of internetionel law traaties egreeLen ts und
assurances egainst the Republic cf China
Rection 1 of the Terticulr in ppendix
ond the followinf Treety rticles in trpendix f3 ~cs 1 to 5 inclusive 11 to 14 inclusive 22 23
25 30 40 to 43 inclusive rehte to this Count
CC1t 19
The Dereridfnts CllI I lCFIRR p middotSPIClO
fTbull RIl~ll PI1CTmiddot EOSfHO IT~KI I1Y IGDO
HTqlJ TTT( SUZUKI TOJC ind UMEZU on or about
the 7th July 1937 initiated a ~er of aggression
rnd e wrr in viohtion of internc-tionel lrw tre~ties
Egreea~nts nd 2ssur2nces egtinst the Republic of
Chine
Section 2 of t~e ~rticulpoundrs in ~rpendix ~ the
same rety middotrticleuros rs in Colrnt 18 nd the folloving
tssur~nceuros in middotnnenrx C os 3 4 ~nd 5 rel-te
to this Count
err_ 20
he Defandmiddot rts DCPJ l PilTJl FrCTmiddot
FCll-fIPO ybullmiddotr I~IDlt ITIJRI lUTC ~GYO OK~
r~~ Smr siT111nr S~ZUI TC0C ~nd TC70 en or
bullbcut the 7th Dscecter 19Ll 1~itiatee ~frac12~r of
rg~r0se ion ~ rc ~- wltr in viol tlcl cf internt i_onc 1
- 42 shy
bull lew treeties middotrreenents end cssurnces grinst
the United Stltes of merice
Section 9 of the Terticulers in Pendix
the follow in~ Treatmiddot r~icles in npencix S ifos
1 to 9 inclusive~ 19 22 tQ JO inclusive )3 34 end
37 and the whole of the t~surances in 1ppendix C
relate to this Count
ccrn 21
The same Defend9nt~ es in Count 20 on or about
the 7th December 1941 initiated e var of aggression
an~ a wer in viol2tlcn of international law treatie~
agreellents en( assurances aga~nst the ~orllonvealth
cf tte Trili-pines
The sane Jart i_cbullilere Treat~middot frticles and
~ssurances 1s in Count 20 relate to this Count
CCIJT 22
The ssLe Defencl11ts as i- Coant 20 cn_ or about
tbe 7th Decelber J941 iitiated a var of aeressicn
ana a war in viol2tion of internat~unal las treatie~
agree1nents and assurances afainst tbe ritish
rcnnonwealth of Natcns
Section 9 cf tte Perticalr s in ppendix
thegt follovinf Treaty rticles in pnenciix B Nos
J to 5 inclusive 19 22 to JO ~nclusive 33 and 37
and the hole of the ~ssurences in rppendix C
relate to tr is Cobulltnt
Tte lefendsnts tlrI )CEIPmiddotq 1IPrmmiddotmiddot
- 4) shy
HIROTA HOSHINO ITICKI KIDO W TSUQKJ liUTI
NCJNO SHIClITSU end TOJO on 0r ebout the 22nd
Se~tember 19~0 initieted ewer of errression end
e ~Br in violetion of international lEw treetiFs
egreements end essurences efeinst the Re~ublio of
Frence bull
The seme Perticulers Treety Jrticles end
Ps~urences sin Count 15 relrte to this Count
CcUfilZh
The srne tefendants es In Count 2J on or Eboui
the 7th Decembfr 1941 initietec ewer of errression
and a ~Pr in violetion of internetione le~ treeties
egreements enc assurances e~einst the Kinrdom of
Theiland
Section 7 of the Particulars in A~pencix A end
the following Treety Jrticles in Appendix B Nos l
to 5 inclusive 33 34 36 37middotend 38 relete te
this Count
QOUNT 25
The Defendents ATJgtKI DOHIHJRA HJTA HihANUMA
HIROTA HOSHirO ITJCJII KIDO MATSUOKJ Mi TfUI
SHIGUITSU and SUZUKI curing July end August
1938 inititec ewer of Pffression end ewer in
violetion of internetional lautrerties egreements
enc es~urences by ettecking the Union of Soviet
Socielist Re~ublics in the eree of Lake Khasan
The serne Perticulers Trerty Articles end
Assurences es in Count 17 1 relate to this Count
- 44 shy
CCTTTlT 26
The Defendents middot-~YI )CHlli1U HT BIRcll
ITGU(I lIDC HIS lTiTTI lTSUCK 1 ~UT0 SUZUmiddotI
0GC TCJO end nnztr durin the summer cf 1939
initiated a war of sgrression and a vsr in violoticn
of international lev treeties agreements and
assurances by attacking the territory of the
J~npolian Peonlebulls Republic in the area of the
Kha1khin-Gol River
The same eirticulars Treaty rticles and
ssurcnces as in Ccunt 17 relate to this Count
C(TJT 27
11 the Defend5nts bet~een the lEth Septenber
1931 end the 2nd September 1945 waged a wer of
aggression 8nf a bullrr in viol~tion of intern~tionel
lew trecties fgreenents and assurances flfeinst the
Republic of Chine
The seme Perticulars Trety rticles snd
~ssurrnces ~sin Count 2 rel~te to this Count
C(T~T 28
11 tte Pefend~nts between the 7th July 1937
end the 2nd Setenber 1945 wared s wer of aggresshy
bullsion nc1 r ymiddotr in viol~tion of internctioncl ltw
trertilss egreerJGn ts end ssurnces rgiinst the
Re~ublic of Chine
The SfMe Perticulcrs Tre~ty rticles 8nd
ssurrnces -s in Cmiddotunt 2 relute ~o this Count
- 45 shy
CCUlT 29
ll the Defendents between the 7th DecElllber
1941 ~nd the 2nd September 1945 wnged 6 wrr of
rggression end c Mr in violation of intermtionel
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
United~tates of tmerica
The following Sections of the ~articulers in
pp end ix i1 os 4 middot to 10 inclusive and the sane
Treaty ~rticles and ~ssurences as in Count 20 relate
to this Count
COlP1 JO
Lll the Defendsnts between the 7th Decenber
1941 and the 2nd Spte~ber 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violetion of international
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
Corlllonweslth cf the ~hili~pines
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles and
1ssurances as in Count 29 relete to this Count
crrJl 31 middot
Ul the Defendrnts betveen the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd Se1Jtember 1945 waged a Viar of
apgression and a wer in violatiog of internationalbull
law treaties agreerents end assurances against
the Pritish Corinonviealth of Nations
~he followin~ Sections of the ~articulars in
Appendix J Nos 4 to 10 inclusive and the same
Treaty bullrticles end ssurances as in Count 22 relate
tc this Count
- 46 shy
CCTTJ 32
All tte Defendants between the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd September 1945 waged a 11r of
aggression and a war in violation of international
law trestles egreeuents end assurances agenst
tte Kingdom of tce lf1therlands
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles sne
rlssurances as in Count 14 relate to thisCount
CC 33
The nefendsnts tRTi 001smiddotnmiddot IRNUt
FIlCT~ FNFnH lTlYI YID0 ~TSTTCK IUTO
1GW0 SIG~I5 end TCJC en end after the 22nd
Septelber 1940 vaged a war of algressipn end a
war in vbullolltion of ~nternetional law treaties
arreenents end assurances against the Republic of
France
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles end
cssurances as in Count 15 relate to this Count
middot CCUNT 34
_11 tre Defendants between the 7tl Decemberbull
1941 and tbe 2nd September 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violttion of international
law treFties agreenents and assurances against
the lingdon of Treilend
middot Tte sene erticulers and Treaty rticles as
in Count 24 rBlete to t~is Ccunt
CCIDT 35 bull The smiddotme Defendants ss in Count 25 during th
- 47 shy
SWmer of 1938 waged a war of aggression and a war
in violation of international lew treoties agreeshy
nents an~ assurances against the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics
The same Particulars Treaty rticles end
lssurences es in Count 17 relte to this Count
CCUc 36
The seme Defendunts ss in Count 26 during the
surller of 1939 eged a Yer of aggression in violashy
middottion of intermticnfl lew treaties egreements poundmiddotnd
essurlnces egeinst the rmiddotonrolifn Peoples Republic
and the Union of Soviet Socielist Renublics
The SFMe Flrticulers Treaty lrticles end
ssurr-nces ts in Count 17 rele te to this Count
ltmCUlt TWO U1DEl
The following Counts chrrfe the crimes of
raurder enltl conspirecy to murder being ects for
wlich it is chi-reed thtt the persons nmed rnd ecch
of thim rre individully responsible being poundt the
seoe tine Crirnes cgcinst eoce Conventionil Wer
Orines ~nd Crimes poundguinst Humeni ty contnmiddotrJ to ell
the 1J-ragrrhs of rticle 5 of the s~id ChArter to
Internrtionmiddotl Lrw ~nc tc the middotaoL1estic lews of ell
the countries where cor-oi tted including Jrbullpr-n or
to one or ~ore of them
CCl 37
The Defendints DCPIF cl FTR 1JTnt FIRCT
- 48 shy
HCSFINC KAA I(ID0 lIlURA ~me tAGATC CYA
0SrA S~( iltJlADA SJZTTlG 00( end JCJC togethe
~ith divers other per~ons between the 1st iune
1940 and the 8t~ Decet1ber 1941 rarticipated es
leaders organizers insti~ators or accoLplices in
the formulation or execution of a corilon rlan or
consnirecy end are responsible for all acts pershy
formed b themselves or by any person in execution
of such plan
The object of amp4ch ~lan or conspiracy was unlewshy
full~middot to kill and murder the persons described
below by initiating unlegful hostilities against
the United States of bmerica the rorutonwealth of
the rhlippines the British Colraonwealth of Iletions
the Kingdom of the lfotherllnds nd the Kingdoa of
The llend sne unlewf111ly orcering causing end ershy
ciitqng the ermed forces o JaJen to attack the
territory ~ti-s ~nd eir1lenes of tbe said netions
er sore of tJierl et tiL1es when Japan vioulu be et yeece
vith the said cstons~
che r-erscns intenled to be lilled end rurdered
were eJl such rersons both members of the armed
forces of the seid nationsand civilians es might
te~nen to be in the places et the tues of such
attacks
The said hostilities end attacks were unlawful
bscause they ~ere breeches of Treaty Article 5 in
Anpendix B enf the accused enc the said armed forces
of Japan could not therefore acquire the rights of
lawful belligerents
The accused ~nc each of the~ intended that such
- 49 shy
hostilities stoulc be initiated in breach of such
Treaty ~rticle or were reckless vhether sucb Treaty
Article would be violoted or not
COTT JS
he Defendante DltHIFARA FIP~~1um nroT ~
V(l~I0 ~6t iITJC IlT~~ ATSUCKA fJTO r~GUO
CK~ (ltHD~ STC SHD~~DA suzrnI TOQO ond TOJO
to~ether with divers other ~ersons between t~s 1st
J1me 1940 and the 8th De~erruer 1941 partici)Jtted
as le6ders organizersmiddotinstgators or accomylices
in tle forllulrtion or executicn of o COLlJon rlan or
cons~irac~ end are resnonsibla for all acts pershy
formed by ttemselvss or by sny person in execution
cf such 1an
The object of suchJJlon or consnirecy wes unshy
lawfully to kill and murder the persons described
belov bibull initiating unlawful rostilities tgainst
the Uni tecI States of tmerico the Comronweal th middotof
the Thilip~ines theuro ~ritieh Cormonwealthof Notions
the Kingdon of the etherlcnde and tre l(ingdcm of
Thai lent end unlewftlly order inf causng and pershy
nittinc the armed forces cf Jicen tmiddoto attack the
torritor~ ships oud airlanes of the soid notions
or sone of treuroll
The middotersons intended to be killed enc murdered
were all such ~ersons both oembers of the aroed
forces of the said natons end civiliens as mifht
happen to be in the olaces at the tiues of such
attacks
The said hostilities ond attacks ware unlawful
- 50 shy
because they were breaches of Treaty Articles 6
7 19 33 34 end 36 in Appendix Bena the accused
end the said armed forces of span could not thereshy
fore acquire the rir-hts of lawful b~lligerents
The accused end each of then intended that such
hostilities should be initiated in breech of such
Treaty ~rticles or were reckless whether such Treaty
Articles or any of then would be violated or not
C0T11 9
The same Defendants es in Count 38 middotunder the
circumstances ellered in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing ceusinr end ermitting the armed forces of
Japan to attack tle territory ships and airplanes
of the United States of America with which bullnation
Jinien was then et peace at middotPearl Harbour Territory
of Hawaii on the 7th December )941 at about 0755
hours (Pearl Harbour time) unlawfully killed and
murdered Adniral Kidd and ebout 4000 other oembers
of the naval end nilitary forces of the United State
of America lnd certaii civilians vJiose nanes and
nurnber ere et present unknown
CfTmiddotT 40
Tee sane Defendants as in Count )8 under the
circur1stances elle~ed in Counts 37 and )8 by ordershy
ing causin~ end rerrnittinR the armed forces of
Japan to attack the territory end airplanes of the
British Conmomealth of Nations 1th which nations
Japan was then et reece et Iota Eahru Kelenten
on the 8th December 1941 et about 0025 hours
- 51 bull
(Singapore ti11e) unlawfully killed and murdered
certain menQers of the aroed forces of the Pritish
Commonwealth of Nations whose names end number are
at present unknown
comrr 41
The same Defendants as in Count 38 under the
circ110stances alleged in Counts )7 end J8 by ordershy
ing causing end rerr1ittini the a rfled orces middot of
la pen tc etteck the terri tor sb 1ps end airplanes
of the ritish Comnonwealth cf Nations with v1lich
nations Janen was then at peace at Rone Kong on
tte 8th Decenber 1941 at ebout 0800 tours (Hong
Kong time) unlawfully killed and murdered certain
members of the armed forces of the British Coraonshy
wealth of nations whose names end number are at
present unknown
CCTTNT 42 The same Defendants es in Count 38 under the
circumstances alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing CIJUSing end pernitting the arHed forces Of
Jepan to et tech H IS ETRiL a ship of the British
ComtonY-eelth of lpoundtio_ns with which nations Japan
wes then rt eece et Shibullnghei on the 8th December
1941 et cbcut OJOO hours (Shcnghei tine) unlawshy
fully killed r nt rurdered three members of the navel
forces of the ~ritish CoILlonweelth of Nations whose
names ere et present un1ltnovin
52 shy
crT1T 43 the som~ Dcfcndcnts os in Count 38 under the
ciroumstFnces alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing causing end rermittin~ the armed forces of
Jeren to ettecl the territory of the Corimonvmiddotealth of
the ~hilipnines vith which nation Japan was then at
peace et Deveomiddot on the 8th December 1941 et about
1000 hours (anila time) unlawfully killed and
murdered certain mElllbers of the armed forces of the
United States of America end of the armed forces end
civilians middotor the comiddotlLlomealth cf the Ihilippines
whose nomes end number ere at TJresent unltnown
CCUNT 44bull All the De1endents together with divers other
persons between the 18th S~pternber 1931 and the 2nd
Septenber 1945 ~erticipeted as leo~ers organizers
instigetors or eccollTJlices in the 1orruletion or
execution of a coJnon plan or consiiracbullmiddot end ere
resryonsible for ell Acts performedmiddot by theuselves or
by any person in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or consiracy was to
)rocure end permit tte- riurder on a wholesale scale
of prisoners of wer MEfubers of tht ermed forces of
countries opposed to Je~ Egtn vho id-ht le~ down their
erlls enc civilians who niht be in the rower of
Jepcn on land or sea in territories occuried by
Jaron end crews 01 shi s destromiddoted bmiddot Japinese
forces in ruthless ~ursuit of victory in the unlawshy
1ul wrrs in which Japan was or would during the
said period be ~1J8oged
- shy
CCGNT 45
The Defendcnts ARAKI L~S-Il-CTC FATA EIRJJlUlA
prqc-r abull IT ~GtYI Y- f A JIDo HATSUI mrrc SUZTTKI
rnd UHEZP on the 12th December 1937 rnd succeedinf
dcys by unl 0 wfully oreering ciusing nd peroitting
the rrmed forces of Jqfn to ctt~cl ~he City f
NPning in breach of th3 Trerty Articles ~ientiond
in Count 2 hereof tnd to slr-ughter the ihhabitents
contrcry to internrtioncl lcw unhbullwfully killed
rnd Murcered Many thousands of civili~ns end disermed
soldiers of the Re~ublic of Chine whose nemes nd
number 01re rt preEent unrnovm
CCTfT 46
The sme Defenccmiddotnts i s in Count 45 on the 21st
Cctobor 1938 end succecding dt1y s by unlswfully
ordering CUsing rnd rern11tting the rrr1ed forces
of Jrrcln to ittck the City of Canton in breech of
the TreAty ~rticles montioncd in Count 2 hereof ~nd
tc sbuehter the inheibi tilnt s contrrry tci interndegtiollf
lcw unlawfully killed r nd nurdered l~rge numbers
of ~ivilisns end disvrmed soldiers of the Republic
of Clini vhose nrmes r rc number cre st present
unknown
C(TJ 47
The scme Defendcnts rs in Count 45 prior to tte
27th October 1938 end on succeeding dsys by
unlawfully ordering cuusing ~nd pern~tting the
nmed forces of Jrpon to cttcct the City of Hcnkow
in breech of the Trenty ~rticles mentioned in Count 2
- 54 shy
bereof and to slaughter the inhabitants contrary to
internatioal law unlavfully killed and Murdered
lerge nllllbers of civilians end disar1ec solciers
of the Oepublic of China wtosa narces and nU1ber ere
et Tresent un1middotn9wn
C01-l 48
The Defendants EATA rrnc 1crso StTC SlIGEshy
EITSTT Ter end mrzu prior to the 18th June 1944
end on succeeding days by unlawfully orderi11euro
causine and arnitting the erled forces of Japan to
attack the City of Changsha in breach of the Treaty
Articles nentioned in Count 2 hereof and to slaughter
tle inhlbaents contrary to internaticnal law unlawshy
fully killed and murdered nany thousands of civ~lians
end di sarnec solders of tte Republic of China
whose nales and ru11tbcr ere tt resent unknown
COHFT 49
Tte S~ne Defencants as in Count 48 prior to
tte ett luiust 1914 ampnd on succecdin[ days by
unlamiddotfull order ins csusin[l end pe t tin the
eried forces of caigtan to attack the City of lengyen
in tre rrovince of H11nen in breach of the Treaty
trticles mentioned in Count 2 hereof end to slaufhter
the inhebi tents contrary to intermitioal lampv unlawshy
fully killed and nurdered large nuribHs of civilians
enc disarmed soldiers of the Republic of China whose
neMcs and nunber erE it present unknown
- 55 shy
CCTTIT 50
The seme Defendants as in Count 48 prior to
the 10th Noveirber 1944 and on succeeding days by
unlawfully orderine causing and pernitting the
arr1ed fo~ces of Japan at attack the Cities of Kweilishy
and Liuchow in the Province of Kwangsi in breach of
the Tre~ty Articles mentoned in Count 2 hereof and
to sleUfhter tte inhabitants contrary to internatiom
-law unlawfully killed end murdered large nuabers
of civilians and disarmed soldiers of the Republic
of China whose names and number are at present
unknownbull
cnTNT 51
The Defendants ARAYI DCEIHARA HATA IlAtUMA
I~G~YI IGDO 1ciso lmiddotATffiTI 14Tsrroy 1middott~C
SUZUKI TCGC TOJO and IDEZU by ordering causing
and permitting ~he armed forces of Japan to attack
the territories of Hongolia and the Fnion of Soviet
Socialist Republics with whicl nations Japan wamps
then at peace inmiddot the reeion of the Khalkbin-Gol
River in the summer of 1939 unlawfully killed and
murdered certain merobers of the armed forces of
onolia me the rrnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
wlose nElti1euroS and nunber are et present unknown
ccmiddotJNT 52
The Defendants ARAII DrHIHARA HT11 FIRANUJIA
FIRCt FCSFTHO ITAGAI-I KIDO l1ATStTCKJI l~TSUI
SEIGlI15CT lttZTJKI and TOJO lJy ordering causing
end permitting the armed forces of Japan to attack
- 56 shy
the territory of the Union of Soviet Socialist
Re1middotublics with Vhich nation Jarien was th~n at peace
( in the region of lake Lhasan in the months of July
and August 1938) unlawfully killed and murdered cershy
tain me1bers of the ermed forces of the rrnion of
Soviet Socialist Rebullmiddotublics whose names tnd number
are at present unknown
GRCPP TIIRpound ccvmiddotrrrbullmiddotn tR CRIS M-Ti CRIES N~middotST Fll1t7IT
The following Counts charge _conventional ier
ir~lles enlt Crir-es egelnst EunaniJy beins acts tor
wrich it is charged that the persons na~ed and each
of them are individually resnonsi ble in accordance
with trticle 5 and particuierly ~rticle 5 (b) end (c
of the Charter of the Interneticnal iilitery Tribune
for the Far East and in accordance with Intershy
national Law or either of them
CCU-T 53
The Defendants DCRIFRA ~Tt -(SJjUC
ITGA1I IAl lILC rc1~~ Iorso urc NtG~NO
CY~ CSHrmiddot~ S~TO SI-IGTSl) mutD STTZULI TOGC
TOJO and UlEZU together with divers other persons
between the 7th Decellber 1941 end the 2nd Se]ltember
1945 ~articipnted as leaders organizers instigashy
tors or accololices in thE formulation or executlon
of a corllon plan or conslirecr and ere res)onsi ble
for all acts perforMed by therselves or br any
rierson in execution of such plan
The object of such olari or consiracy yen1es to
order authorize and r ermit the Co 4ctanders-in-Chief
- -57 shy
ot the levaral Japanese naval and nilitary forces
in each of the several theatres of war in which Japan
was then engaged and the officials of the Japanese
Har inistr~middot and the parsons in ctarge cf each cf
the canps and labour units for prisoners of war and
civilian internees in territories of or occupied by
Ja)an and the military and civil police of iapan
and their respective subordinates frequently and
habitually to co=it the breaches of the Lawsmiddotend
Custcms of 11~ar as contained in and proved by the
Conventions assurances and ~rectices referred to in
l~rendix D against the ermed forces of the countries
hereinefter named end againet many thousands of
ori sonars of war end ci vi liens then in the rower of
Jenan belonpin~ to the Tni ted States of America the
British Colonwealth of rations the Republie of
France the Kingdom of the Netherlands the Cormonshy
wealth of the Flilipines the Republic of China
the Republic of Fortugal Bnd the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics end that the roverru1ent of Japa1
should abstain from takin adequate steps in accordshy
ance vd th the said Conventions and assurances end
Laws and custot1s of ~er in order to secure observenc
end prevent breaches thereof
In the case of tre Republic of China the said
plan or consryirecy began on the 18th September 1931
end the following Defendants participated therein in
addition to those above-named ARAI HASFHOTO
RAlll~ ~(~ lATSTJ middot~Tsnrn1 ~TlrlI
bull 58 shy
C0PNl 54
The Defendants DOFiJEAR~ H~TAHOffiINO ITAGAKI
KAYA Kif-0 YIMURA KOISC MUTO NAGANO OKA OSHIMA
SATC SFIGlITSU 1RIMADA flJZUYI TOGO TOJO and
UEZ1J between the 7th Deceober 1941 and the 2nd
Septeuber 1945 ordered authorized and permitted
the same ~ersons as oentioned in Count 53 to co=it
the offences therein mentioned end thereby violated
the laws cf War
In the case of the Republic of China the said
orders euthorities end permissions were given in a
period beginning on the 18th September 1931 and
the following Defendants were responsible fer the
same in addition to those named above A~AII
FASED0TO PIRUJTJrA FIROTA HATSI AT-UOKA
CCFNT 55
bull The Defendants DCFIB~RA HAT HOSE-INO ITAGfiKI
KrA iID0 YIHlTRP KCIS0 EUTC NAGfNC OKA Ofxllll
S~TC PIGIlITCTT Sl-DiD~ ampJZUKI TCGO TOJO and
tn~zu between the 7th December 1941 end the 2nd
September 1945 being by virtue of their respective
offices responsible for securing the observance of
the said Conventions end assurances and the Laws and
Customs of ar in respect af the armed forces in
the countries hereinafter named and in respect of
many thousands of prisoners of war end civilians then
in the power of Japan belonging to the United States
of rmerice the British Comrn0nwealth of ~fations
tte Republic of France the Kingdom of tle Nethershy
- ~9 shy
lends the Cormonwealth or the hilippines the
Republic or China the Republic of Portugel end the
Union or Soviet socialist Republics deliberotely
rnd recklessly disregorded their legal duty to1toke
rdequete stops to secure the observonce end prevent
brerohes thereof rnd thereby violcted the lows of
wrr
In the case or the Republic of China tha said
offence begFn on the 18th September 1931 and the
following Defendi-nts were responsible for the same
in addition to those nemed above JRtKI FtSHICTO
FRJPlr HROT- ~~-ToTI HTltTOK~ INJI middot
11herefore this Indictment is lodged with tte
middot Tribun~l poundnd tJie chcrges herein mrde agllinst the
ebove-nomsd Defendants ere hareby presented to the
Tribunal
Joseph B Keenan bull Chief of Counsel acting on behalf of-the
United Strtes of merico
Hsiang Che-Chun
~s sooiete Counsel acting on bah lf or the Republic of China
I s Comyns Cirr
ssocilte Coulsel eoting on behclf of the United fingdom of Greet Brtt11in Pnd Northe
Irelond
S bull Golunsky
ssoc1rte Coubullsel ncmiddott1ng on beholf of the Union of Soviet SoerCl1st Re1)ubl1cs
6Q shy
A J 1nsfeldshy
middotmiddotfsocirte Counel rctine on beh0lf of the Comrionwc~lth or ustrelie
II G folen
r ssociete Counsel t cting on behelf of C(mida
Robert bullneto
ssociate Counsel acting on behelf of the Reublic of ~ranee
W G F BoegerhOff ~ulder
ssocirte Counsel rcting on beholf of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
R H quillhm
Jssocitte Counsel Pcting on behrlf of New Zerlrnd
pbullpGovinds lenon ~ s Comyns Carr
ssociete Counsel ccting on behlf of Indi e
edro Lopez
tssociate Counsel actinF on behelf of the Col1Dlonwerlth of the Philippines
- 61 shy
APPENDIX J
SUirlllarized Particulars sho~in the principal Matters
and Events upon which the Prosecution will rely in
support of the several Counts of the Indictment in
Groun Cne
SECTION 1 1
ILIT1 AGGRESSIN HT lANCHURIA
From January lst 1928 onwards there was a plot
in the Japanese Arm~middot and particularly in the lwantun
Army s~nrorted by certain civilians tomiddotcreete an
incident in 1anchuria which should form a pretext
forIepen to conquer occupy and exploit that Country
as the first ste~ in a scheme of eominetion which
later extended to other parts of Chine to the terr1-
tory of the Union of Soviet Socialast Republics
end ultnately to a wider field aiming to make Japer
a dondnent power in the World
The major events in the execution of it were
About 18th September 1931 Following a long
period of infiltration end consequent friction
Je]lenese troons blew ur a portion of the South
anchurien leilwey falsely accused Chinese troops
cf doing so attacked thet end thereafter pro~resshy
sively end repidlr carried out a Ililitery occupation
of the Chinese provinces of Liaoning Kirin Heilungshy
kieng end Jehol (the north-eastern provinces)
About )rd January 1932 Japanese forces occushy
pied Chnctow in sri te of e ssurance given by their
~oreigh Office to the United States on 24th November
1931 that they would notdo so
- 62 shy
Beginning about 18th Jeruary 19Ji Japanese
nevsl and later military forces attacksd the
Chinese in Shanghai
About 28th to 29tb January 19)2 Jaosnese
bonbed Cbsps1 middotat 1215 am
~b0ut 1st Febtusry 1932 Jeysnese viarships
shelled l1smlng middot
Jurin 1932 Jspen set up a separate puppet
novernrient in the said ~rcvinces enc on 15th Ssptsmshy
b~r 1932 officially recognized it
The 1BSn~ss Government which cals into power
on 13th December 1931 and ell subsequent Japanese
Governments adopted supported and continued thismiddot
sggre_ssion end its grsdusl extension over ether pamprtE
of Chins
Jsren delivered no declsrstion of 1ar against
Chine nade no effort to settle the alleged dispute
by pacific means or by mediation or arbitration
rejected on 5th February 1932 an offer of mediatio
by the United States Greet Britain enc ~ranee
refused to Gdopt the repcrt ampnd recommendations cf
the Lytton Commission apTJointed by the League of
Nations of which Jspen end Ctins were members ormiddot
the resolutions of the League and on 27th ]~rch
1933 reslgned froll the League
Cn 18tr ADril 1934 Jersn announced her absoshy bull lute opposition to sny foreign interference in Chins
other than her cwn
On 1st lerch 1934 Jspsn caused Henry Ju Yi to
be in~tslled es the norinal ruler of the so-celled
Stats of JisncbuJuo Nevertheless large Japanese
- 63 shy
crmies continued down to the 2nd September 1945 to
be mdntcined in these t0rritories using th1am s t
bmiddotse for further rggression ~nd to control together
with J_-p~ nse civi lifn offici ~ls the whole Governshy
ment industry nd finrnce thereof
SECTINT 2
1ILITAR GG1ESSINT IN lW REST 0F C-INA
Jor nesc rggressiCn geinst Chin entered r new
phc oe on July 7th- 1937 when her r_rmy invdod Clinc
south of the Grot r11 [nd htr goverruient ndoptcd
supported lt nd continued the rggresslon 111 subshy
sequent J~~~ncse Governments did the scme
Subsequent mbull_ jor events in this ph~middotse wore
-~bout 19th to 25th septembar 1937 Jrpmiddotnese
forces bombed r~cnking rnd Cc nton r nd deli bcrc te ly
killed lmiddot rge numbers of civilLns
- About 13th December 1937 J-p nese forces
c~Dtured fnking slruhtcred mcny thousnds of
civilimiddotns na committed other outr~ges
During 1940 J~prn Sbt up r- soprrto puppet
Governrotnt in those vrts of Chinbull (other thrn the
four north-o stern privinces _ bove-mcntioned) which
sh- then occuied clriming to be the Nbulltion l
Government of the Reuublic of Chinr middot-nd middotbout
0th November 1940 offic1~ lly rccognizod it bullbull rgbullin J~pmiddotn delivered no dcclrrction of wbullr on
Chinr m~de no rttcmptmiddottc settle the lleged dispute
by pbullcific mcns or by medi~tion or ~rbitr tion
refueed on 25th September 1937 to prticipte in
the Frr Erstern fdvisory Cotllllittee of the Lccgue of
Nr- tions rltcfused on 27th October middotnd og-in on 12th
Novzmbor 1937 to ~tt~nd the Conferenceheld t
Brussels of trG other signmiddottories to the Nine-Power
Trerty of 6th Febru~ry 1922 or to qiscuss its
rppliomiddottion refused on 22nd September 1938 to sit
with the Lemiddotguc of H tions to medirte her disrute
with Chin middotnd on 4th Povcmber 1938 decl red thst
the scid Nin~-Fower Trety WS obsolete
Jrpmiddotn continued her militbullry ~ggression in
Chim by cmiddot pturinz rnong other cities Frnkow on
the 27th October 193~ Ch ngshr on the 18th June
1944 Hsn~y-ng on tre 8th tugust Kweilin on the
10th IovmiddotJbcr nd liqchow on the 11th November of
the Sle yemiddotmiddotr r-nd deliber tcly killed lcrg~ numbers
of civ1li 0 ns bull nd committGd othor outrbullges in erch of
the cities ~fori-mmtioned
SECTION 3 ECPT(IC 1 0GRESSJQ-T I CIW lTl) GRlltTFR imiddotsr middotsrmiddotbull
During the period covered by this Indictment
~pmiddotn est~blished ~ gbncrrl superiority of rights
in f-vour of her own ntionmiddotls which effectivamply
eremiddot ted 111onopolics in comrercimiddotl industril middotmiddotnd
finmiddot ncil enterprisas first in lmiddot nchurimiddotmiddot nd 1 ter
in other prts of Chinmiddotmiddot whch c aa under her dominshy
rtion nd exploitad those rcgioiis not only for the
Gnr fobmen t of JmiddotmiddotO n nd those of her nction ls pmiddotrshy
ticimiddot ting in thosG entsrnrises but s -rt of
scheme to 1leken the resist nee of Chiflr to exclude
other -middot tions middot nd n middotticnmiddotls nd to provide funds
nd munitions for further I ggression
li5 shy
This plmiddotn middots w~s the intention of soll~ rt le st
or its oripintors both on its economic rnd militry
side err dumiddot 11 cc me to embrce siuilmiddotr designs on
the remmiddotinder or ~-st si~ middotnd CCOPnio
LntGr it WS officibulllly exprnded into the
Gretcr E st middotsi- Co-Prosperity Sehemc ( a title
designed to cover up ~- scheme for completeJpmiddot nese
dominrtion of those -rcmiddots) -nd Jbullmiddotpmiddotn declmiddotred thrt
tris wbullmiddots tho ultimrte rurpose of the militcry
ocinpr ign
The sbullme org nizltions rs re mentioned in
Section 4 hereof were used for the ~bove purposes
SECTION 4
lrTHCDS CF CCRRTrTI(W tD C0RCINT Tmiddot CFH middotrm OTHltR OCClI~D T~RRITORI~s
Durin the whole period covered by this
Indictment succossive Jrpnese Governments through
their llilitmiddotry 11d nvrl commmiddotnders ~nd civilLn
(gents in Chinmiddot nd other territories which they
hmiddot d occupied or dt3signed to occupy pursued (l systemshy
r tic policy of wemiddotmiddotl-ening the nmiddottive inh-bitmiddotnts will
to re~ist by ~trocities middotnd cruelties by force nd
thre~ts of force by bribery nd corruption by
intrigue r mongst loo~ l poll ticirns nd generr ls by
directly bullnd indirectly eneourmiddotging inerebullsed proshy
duction middot nd importmiddotbulltion of opium nd other nmiddotrcotios
-nd by promoting the Sle nd consumption of such
drugs middotmong such peole middot The Jrpr- nose Govlt1rnment
secretly provided l 0 rge sums of noney which togotht
with bullrofits rroll thegovernment-sponsored tr~rrie
- 66
in opillll end other narcotics and othermiddot trading
ectivitiea in such areas frac12ere used by agents of the
Jananese government for all the above-mentioned
~urposes ~t the seme time the Japanese Government
was actively participating in the rroceedings of the
League of retions Co=ittee on Traffic in Opium and
other Dangerous Drugs and desrite her secret
activities above-mentioned professed to the frac12orld
to be co-operating fullj _with other meL1ber nations
in the enforcement of treaties governing traffi~ in
opiwi end other narcotics to which she was a party
This participation in end sponsorship of illicit
traffic in narcotics was effected through a number
of Japanese goverruiental organizations such as the
lenchurian Affairs Board the Chine Affairs Board
end the Southern Region Affairs Soard which were
combined in 1942 to form the Greeter East Asia
inistry and num-arous subsidiary organizations end
tradin~ companies in the various occunied end soshy
eelled independent (puppet) countries which were
ope~ated or su~ervised by senior officers or civilshy
ienjaProintees of the Army fnd the Navy
Further reve1Ue trom the above-mint ioned
traffic in opium end other narcotics was used to
finance the ~reparation for end waging of the wars
of aggression set forth in this Indictment and to
establish end finance the nuppet ~overnments set up
ly the Japanese overnmeht in the various occuried
territories
- 67 shy
SECTION 5
G-0YRL tgt- ~R TIt Fr1 middotR
Vtith a view to future wars of aggression and in
order to prevent other nations frolll interference in
her war cf aggression alre9dy in prog~ess against
China ~a~9n frorn 1st January 1932 onwards strength
ened her nsvel military nroductive End finenci9l
preperetions for war In particular but without
li~iting th0 above alle~ations
(e) t~VH
bout 29th December 1934 she denounc
ed the 1ashington lkvtl Treaty efter an
unsuccessful attenpt to persuade the other
Signatories to agree to a common upper
limit of global nrvsl tonnage for her own
obvious cdvvntege
bout 23rd J~ne 1936 she refused to
adhere to the London Nevel Treaty
On or about 12th February 1938 she
refused to reveal her nlbullVel building pl1cns
on request by the United St9tes Britein
~nd France
t rll times she secretly increased
her nev~l strength
middott Ell times end especiolly throughout
1941 she Made secret n~vrl plans for the
eurprise attacks which ultimetely toek
place on December 7th-8th 1941 on Pearl
Harbour Sngepore Hong Kong 11aye end
Sh~nghei Od for similer attacks on other
plscemiddots in the Pccific tnd Indien Ccens end
- 68 shy
and on the territocy of the Union or soviet
Socialist Republicsmiddot
(b) MILITARY
Japan continuall7 and progressivel7
increased the size of her arm7 not onl7 as
required for her war of ag~ression against
China but to a larger extent for the purshy
pose of other wars of aggression On the
6th April ~9amp9 she passed a general
Mobilization Law and tmreafter put it
into effect
(c) NAVAL AND MILITARY
Japan cont lnual 17 and progress i vel7
fortified th islands for which she held a
mandate from the League of Nations
Treat7 Articles violated 15 17
18 31
(d) PRODUCTIVE
Japan continuall7 ard progressivel7
increased her capacit7 tor the production
of munitions or war both on her Oiln tershy
ritor7 and in terrltories occupied or conshy
trolled b7 her to an extent greater than
was required for her war of aggression
against China for the purpose of other
wars of aggression
(e) FINANCIAL
The finance for all the above-mentioned
purposes was provided pa rtl7 through the
Budget b7 taxation partl7 by loans ani
partly from the profits of the exploit~ttons
bull - 69 shy
as described in Section 3 herect and
particular y of the sae of narcotics as
described in Section 4 hereof
SECTION 6
THE ORGANIZATIOll OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FlgtR WAR
Two provisions incorporated by ordinance or
custom in the Japanese constitution gave to the milishy
tarists the opportunity of gaining control over the
Governments which they seized during the period
covered by this Indictment
The first was that not only had ttw Chiefs of
Staff and other leaders of the Army ani Navy direct
access at all times to the Emperor but they had
the right to appoint am withdraw the War and Navy
Ministers 1n any Government Either of them could
thus prevent a Government from being formed or
bring about its fall after it was termed In Kay
1936 this power was further increased by a regulashy
tion that the Army and Navy Jlinisters must be senicr
Officers on the active 11st EG the fall of the
Yonai Government on 21st quly 1940 and of the Third
Konoye Government on the 16th October 1941 were in
fact brought about by the Army 1n each case they
were succeeded by Governments more subservient to
the wishes of the Army
Thbull seconi was that although the Diet had the
right to reject a Budget this did not give them
control because 1n that case thbull Budget of the
preceding year remained in force
- 70 shy
middotDurlnr thls middotperiod suchtree Porlie~cntary
lnstutiti~ns es preVi)USly existedwere rttdUnlly
stamped )Ut and a system simllti to the Fascist or
Nazi mooel introducedbullbullThis took derinite shllpe
with the f)rm~tion n 12th October 1940 of the
I11per1al_ Rule Asslsttnce AS9cintion am later or
the I11perlal Rule Assist~nco Political Society
Durlnr thi~ p~ri~ 0 virorus compain r inciteshy
ment to expansion was carried
on in themiddoteorlier
part t the period middotby individual writers end speakers
but rrnduolly this ceme to be orfanized by Government
artnc1es which elso stamped out tree speech tnd
writing by opponents ~r this policy A large number
t sctetics some secret wasalso rormed_both 1n
the Army end Nevy and amonr civilians with similar
objects Opposition to this policy wes also crushed by assassinations ~r lecding politicians who were
n)t considered surrtcicntly friendly to it ond by
rear end threats of middotsuch nssassinatioos The civil and especially the military poiice were else used to
suppress oppositi-m to the wnr policy
The educnti)nal systeos civil military and
nnval were used to ln~ulcate e spirit or totnlishy
t~rienis~ crgrcssion~ desire tor war cruelty and
hatred r ptential e~emies
Successive Japanese_ Governments from early 1n
1936 onwards cultlvcted close relati)ns with the
- 71 shy
totlitr-ri n iovers 1n Luro1gtc Germny rnd Itrly
which hrrboured simil~r designs in relrition to thmiddot
rest middotor the world to those of J~pn in relrtion tomiddot
--~st middotstmiddotmiddot ~nd the Indirnmiddot rrtd Tltc1t1o Ocerns bull
On ToveJ11ber 25th 1936 middotthey signed tli ntishy
Comitermiddotn Pc otmiddot--~ith r middot~e~ret middotJmiddototo~oi nd r Aecret
ilitry Trt1ty directed osmiddott~n~1t1 cgdnst tho U~i6n of Soviot cod11~t ~epubHca i-nci ccimmunis111
~ but ( oturlly designed ~ lso a ( prelude to joint
~gressivc rotion ~n rcnerr 1
v~rious countries under th domin--tion of middotxis middot - ~ -~ bullbull
Powers including the lUppot govrnments of Jnnshy middot1middot bull shy
chukuo _~nd th~ Nr nking Regime in Chinr wer~ degdmi ttlt
to the ~nti7Comintcrn lot
middotuust 1939 extensivE-negotitons werecondilctampd
between J~n r-erm~_ny_~nd Itr-ly rorthe estbullblishbull
ment ofmiddotn econoru9 politiccl bullnd militbullry cllince
On 26th urust 1939 Jmiddot prri throufh her rubrs~
a~dor in 1fshineton ssured middotthe United Stf tea of
Jllericr tht she hbull d decided to b~ndon ny further
negotirtions with middotrerlilny nd Itrlymiddot relctive to
closer rel(tions under the middot nti-Cornintern Jgtbullct bull
rrefoti- tions between Jmiddotpn nd middotGerm ny for the
esteblistmGnt of middotmiddotn econonic politicmiddot l ~nd milikry
pound111nce were resumed in July 1940
Between 13th middot_ugmicrost nd 22nd September 1940
rfterthe rmistice in June 1940 between Germrny
rntl the middotut~oritylimiddotter to be knownFs ths Vichy
1rovernmerit of Fr~ nee subservient to Germ~middotny nd
bullfter the occupction by Germmiddotny of 1( rge prrt of
- 72 shy
frr nee Japan inciuced and_ coerc~d the general gover
ment of Frenchmiddot Ineo-China to enter intomiddot agreements
with herfor mUitary end econ~mic concessions inmiddot
that country and especially the northern parttliere-
of On 22nd-September 1940notwithlltanding agree
ments aigned onthe samedey Ja-enesetroops
attacked French Inda-Chinese uni ts and were met thmiddot
strong re$lstance
en 27th Se)tember 194Q Japan signed the Trishy
Partite Jact vith Germny and ltaly middot
In theearly pert of 1941 Jepentaking advantshy
age or a bounclary dispute raised by heiland against
French Indo-China purported to ect es mediator or
erbitrator_therein butactually brdughtebout a
settlement unduly fevoureble to Thailand middotwith amiddotview
toobtaining heraidin or submission to future
aegression end atthe serre time madefurthermiddotdemands
for military and econonic concessions in French middot
lndo-China bull~be said settlements were finally conshy
cluded on 6th-9th imiddotay 1941
Collllencinlmiddot in the middotletter nertmiddot of February 1941middot
Jel)en and Ger111any conducted negotiations on the
subjept of oint Elli tary ction against middotlgtLgapore
and the territor~ of ot)ler Nations_
On 1st July 1941 German Italy and ell middot middot
Governments subservient to- them inother European
countries at the request of Jepan recognized the
so-called National Government of middotthe Republic ofbull ~
China
On the 12th July 1940 a Friendship Treaty bullmiddotas
signed between Jepan and Thailand
- 7J shy
7romJay to July 1941 Japan further induced
end coerced the general ~overnment or French Indoshy
China to allow Jananese troops to land establish
naval and air baaas end ~enerelly obtain control
over qouthern lrench Indo-China The main purose
on this occasion wee toprovide bases for aggression
directly against the Pritish Common-vealth or lTetions
end the Dutch est Indios and indirectly against
the United States of merica The said agreements
were finally concluded on July 21st and 29th 1941
on which date Japanese forces landed at Saigon
established navel and air bases end generally took
control ofFrench Inda-Chine
Throughout the ebove~mentioned dealings with
Freech Indo-Chine Je~en used the help or Germany and
Italy by coercion upon the Vichy Government cs well
es direct threats or ill6gel force to ettein her
ends
By way o reaction to this aggression and threat
tf furtheraggression the United States of merica
on July 25th end Great Britoin on July 26th froze
the assets ofJapan and Chinemiddotunder their control
rnd opplied other eoon01110 middotpressure agdnst Jcpan
On 25th Tovembermiddot 1941 Jsp1n renewed thlt ~ntishy
Oollintaln rgtect with secret clausesmiddot
Cn ormiddotobout tho let DecGL1ber~ 1941 Jopen
invokillP the Tri-ortite Poet requested Germany nd
Itcly to declare War on the United States after the
beginning of hostilities end tht1t a No middotseperilte
Peace Treety be entered into
On 5th December 1941 Jep4iressured the United
- 74 shy
Stetos ot merico thrt troop movements in French
I_ndo-China were Drecautionery masures
On December 7th-8th 1941 Jspen mPdesurprise
rttecks on territories ot the United States ot
merica the British_ Commonwuelth ot Nctions l1nd
Thdlond usin~ in tbe two latter coses French Indtgtshy
Chinr~ br ee s
Cn the 11th Deceiibcr 1941 Jc pen_ Germiiny rnd
Itrl signed to opbullrbull to Totce rr ct
On 18th Jiinurry 1942 middotc rili ter1 Convention
botween Jbullmiddotn~n cermrny bull_middotnd Itrly wrs signed in Berlin
From 19)6 to 1945 close milittr ncvtl econshy
omic nd diplomc tic co-oper~ tion rmiddotnd oxch nge ot
intormrtion were maintcfned between the r bove three
oountriea t the request ot ~ermnn Jpon trom
the b~ginning ot the wr on December 7th-8th 1941
rdoptcd the Germn polic~ ot r~thless submrrina
Wtrt~re middotnd the destruction or crevs or ships sunk
or o-ptured
By the thre~tenins middotrttitude bullhich Jrprmiddotn mdnshy
tc ined tro111 19)9 to 1941 grinst the Uni_ted Stmiddottoa
or bulliaeriobull the British Cocimonwe~lth otNtions
the Kingdom ot the letherlrnds no the Rerublic ot
Frnce middotnd trommiddot1939 to 1945 (g~inst the Union ot
Soviet Seel~ list Republics 1d by her incru- sing
oonccntrtion ot tr~o~s in regions oonv~nient tor
middotrttrcks Ul)on them she dirtctly bullmiddotssisted Germmiddotny
nd Itnly in their middotw- rs tginst those n tions even
while she rem~inpoundd nominrlly neutrrl
- 75 shy
SECTION 8bull
jGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION-
In the course of many years Japan was continushy
ally preparing war a11d performing11cts of aggressionmiddot
against the Soviet Unhn
bull bull1bull Having faHed ~ he-middot attempt Jo capturemiddot the
Soviet Far East in the period between 19181922 bull
Japan did n~t apan1on the idlao~capturingthe
Soviet areas situated east of theLake-Seykalmiddot
SincltJ 1928 the Japanese GereaJ Steff hld been
planning a war of egfressim against the Union of
Sbullviet ~ocial1~t Republics eager to take advantage
of a chance to start this waz bull
An importrt step ii- th1preparetion nfa war ~
of aggression arainst the Union of Soviet Sochlist1
Republics was t~El ocltupation_of lanchur1a~ 1931 _bull
which a~ we_l~ as KGrea was transformed into a mili 1
tary base for a1tacking the Unio~ or icvi_et SociRlist
Republics in a numbPr of years Railroads and_ highshy
ways vere constructe~ in anchuria after l93~ of
stratPgic importancmiddote and ran towards the frontier of
the Union of Soviet Sociali~~ Rep1bl1cs The -bull
strength of the Kwantung Army ha~ been jncreased middot ~~~ bull bull~ middot _~ J_~j -- --~
from twa divisions in 1931 to fifteen in l94~ bull ~ ~) 1 - ~
A great number of new airfields fort1f1e~ gt middotmiddotmiddot_- ~~middot~
areas dumps barracks sea and river ports destined bullbull bull ~middot bull i ~ middot t lt bull - bullbull bull bull bull
to serve in the war of aggression against the Unicn bull bull bull J bullbullbull - bull bull bull bull bull - ~
of Soviet Social~st Republics were built
In ~anchuria the war industry develop~d at a
fast rate Areas adjacent to the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics frontier were being colonized
- 6 shy
by Japanesereservists with the purpose of strengthshy
middotening the Kwantung lrmyat the moment of mobilizashy
tion Propaganda in the press b radio etc r
directed against the Soviet Union was carried on
111tenselr middotOn Lanchurian-territormiddot Japan organized
and supportedmiddot on a large middotscale ehments from lussian
emigrants hostile to theSoviet Union and prepared
them for hostilemiddotects againstthe Union ofSoviet
Socialist 1epublicsJapan systematically organized
armed middotolasheson the frontierand organized acts of
sabotafe-end terrortstmiddotacts onthe Chinese Eastern
Railroad
InJ9J2 Jaian twice rejected the proposal of
the Union ot Soviet Socialist Republics to conclude
a non-aggression pact
in 1938 Jlpan without declaring war attacked middot
th~ territory of the seviet Union at the Lake hassan
In 19)9 Japan again witheut declaration of war
at tacked the terli tory of themiddot ~middotongolian Peoplemiddot s middot
RepubUc en ally of the rrnion of Sovietmiddot Socialistmiddot
Republics at the Halkin-Gol Rlver (Naoanhan) and
engaged the ongolian Peole s Republic armybull and bull
its allied Red Ar11y bull In both cases Japan pursued the
aim of reconnoitrine themiddot strength of the Rad Jrmy bymiddot
battle and capturing strategic positions for future
war against the trnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
Having been repulsed twice and having sufferedheavy
losses Jmiddotmiddotpan nevertheless did notmiddot stop the preparashy
tiors fora sur~rise attac~ ~gainst the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics
hile Preparinl for the war against the Soviet
- 77 shy
Union Japan during several years carried on
negotiations with Hitlerite Germany end Fascist Itel
on a j~int aggression The principal stages in
this plot or aggressors were the conclusion of the
so-called Anti-Comintern Pact in 1936 and the sirnillf
of the Tri-Partite Pact or Japan Germany and Italy
in 1940 the aim or which was joint aggressive actio1
of these countries against democratic powers among
them the Vnion ~rsvviet $ocielist Republics
In ~rch 1941 while being in Berlin ror the
purpose of plotting with Hitler about e joint aggres
siort against democratic countries thedefendant
~tsuoka was informed by the German _goverllGlent about
preparations by the latter for war against the Uni~n
or Soviet Sociellst Republics s early as t_he
beginnlng or July following e conclusion of the
pact or neutrality on behalf of Japan on 13th April
1941 after the treacherous attack or Germany
egainst the Union or 9oviet socialist Ra~ublics
1atsuoka officially declared to the soviet Ambusedor
in Tokyo that the principal bas1s of the Japanese
foreign policy was the alliance with Germany and
that in case Germany addressed Japan with a request_
for tielp the J)ict middot of neutralty withmiddot the Utiioa ot
Soviet Socialist Republics would not present an
obstacle for Jepen to wege war on the side or
Germ~ny In accordance withthis the governing
militarist clique in lapen in the bullholecourse of
the buller betYlteen Germony end the Union of Soviet
Socialist_Re~ublics wes openly hostile towrrds the
~oviet Unionmiddot maintained a selecte3 arriy on the
- 78 shy
Soviet rront1ers end wes an orgrnizer or a widespreed
prorgrnda aea111st tho Soviet TTnion Jopan octively
helped ~itlariteGermeny providing her with
intormatiqn regording the un~n or Soviet S~c1clist
Republics orgonized pirote ettscks on Soviet merchtnt
shiplling in_ the Far Etat by closing straits estbullmiddotbshy
lishing prohibited zones tnd speciol limited wetershy
weys
To render help to GerlIEny J~ptbulln after Germsnyts
ettack egcinst the Union or Soviet Socielist
Republics in the S111111ler or 1941 doubled the strength
of her E1rmy in rnchuria nnd leter on brought the
strength of this irmy to r million men which necesshy
sitated mrintdning considerrble forces in the Fmiddotr
Eest by the Sevit Union inste~d of using them in the
wrr ig~inet Germnny
In the s0 me summer or 1941 Jfpfn v10rked out e
new Tll~n of surprise rttrck egeinst the Union of
Roviet Socialist 1epublics ~nd kept the Kwentung
Army fully prepred torsuch en cttock She w~s preshy
vented from it not by the poet or neutrality which
i s 1t llll Y be sampen from bove Jeuroptn diregrrded but
b)middotthe successes or the forces or the nnion of Soviet
Socirlist Republics in the w~r fgoinst Germany
SECTIC1 9
JATAfp lFlt TTlTITED S~TES CF fERJCbull TH cr1bullQ1TELTH OF TFE II IPrnns TI ft+ BltITISif cc MOELTH OF rJ TIONS
The whole of the other Sectiols or this ppendix
iro relevrmiddotnt to this Section rnd ere not ropectad
here
bull 79 shy
I
From 1931 until Lecember 1941 relctlons betwee1
Jopn middoton the ona Jr nd rnd the United Stotes of mer le
rnd Gret Brltcln on the other continuously detershy
lorotcd bacruse of Jrrr~s ~g~esslon in E~st ~sir
rnd duplicity in lnternrtionil neeotictlonsmiddot
The TTnlted Stotes of 11erioo rnd 8remiddott Britin
frecuently prctested thct J~prn s militory opehtions
were~ violtion of the provisions of the trecties
mentioned in Count middot2 hereof nd celled the ettentlon
of beth Chine md J~prn to their obligctmiddotions thereshy
under They ~1so declcred thct they would not recogshy
nize ~ny situmiddottion in ianchurlc or elsewhere brought
obout by violrtions thereof
J~pi-n in unequivoc-l tertlS grve rssurrnces thst
she h~d no territori~l mbitions in ChinL thrt she
would respect the open door policy in Chino In
spite of these c siiurbull noes she set up r -puppet
regie in lnchukuo nd proceeded to close the doer
to the TTni ted st tes of middotnericl End British tr11de
ffter tlte consolidrtipn of the linchurin posishy
tion Jln continued her ggressive policy in Est
sir in spite of ossurrncqs tht she hcd no terrishy
toriel ~mbitlons eouth of the Gret frll
The tnited 5tltes uid Grebullt Britdn 1ndervoured
to convince Jp n th~middott her bast interests lY in
perce but it wr-s cler from her Ctions tht she
intended to resort to force to gla neighbouring
countries end territories
During 1935 Jmiddotp-n incrasad hEr mllitrry nd
llfvrl strength middotnd undertook limited militrry
ctivities to extnd her damintion over Chimmiddot The
- 80 shy
United States of America and Great ~ritain continued
to draw Japans attention to her treaty obUgations
but this had no effect on her military activities
In 1936 the United States of America endeavourshy
ed to get Japan to agree to the principle of eauality
in commercial and industrial sp~eres and not to
resort to force to obtain preferential rights This
was also rejected by Japan
In 1937 Japan declared that the principles of
international relationship propounded by the United
States of America were consistent with her own but
qualified this by stating that the objectives could
only be obtained by an understanding of ~he particushy
lar circumstances of the East In 1937 Japan comshy
Ienced further military aggression in China and soon
thereafter the United States of America l)ffered her
good offices in the dispute and appealed to both
parties to refrain from war This ofter wes not
accepted by Japan and the appeal had no effect In
the same year Japan refused an invitation to attend
the Brussels Conference called under the provisions
of the Nine-Power Treaty On August 26th 1937
Japanese forces attacked cars belonging to the
British Embassy in China and on December 12th
attacked warships belonging to the United States of
AMerica and Great Britain on the Yangtze
At the end of 1938 Japan procl~ined her policy
of a new order in 3ast Asia end refused to ~ive any
unconditio~al assurance that the open dnor policy
in China would be maintained
Thereafter many interferences by Japan in
- 81 shy
Jtprnoso controlled territories with the rights or
the United States or ~Aeries end British netonels
took place end in July 1939 the United States or
America gave notice or terminetion or the 1911
commercial Treaty ~it~ Jeen
In September +940 after Japans military
alliance vi th Germany and Italy the United State
ot lmerica was forcedmiddotto place limitations on the
export of iron steel and raY materials to Japan
In arch 1941 conversations between the
Japanese ambassador in - eshington end the United
States Secretary or State took ~lace in an endeavour
bl the ~Tnited States to se~tle outstanding differshy
ences ano to reach a peaceful settlement ihile
these vrere proceeding Jepen continued at e feverish
pace to prepare for war At an Imp~rial Conference
on 2nd July the decision to advance southward
obviously directed against the United States of
America the Kingdom of the Netherlands end the
British CoAmonweelth was reached At a further
Conference on 6th Se~tecber it was decided to open
hostilities against the llited States of America
Great Britain end the letherlends in case the requireshy
ments ot Japan seemed unlikely to be realized by
B901B time clurinf tbe first part cf October On 1st
December a further Conference definitely decided on
war The decisions of the two lest-mentioned Confer-middot
encee were kept secret Cn 7th-8th December 1941
while negotiaticns were still proceeding Japan med~
surprise attacks on territories of the United amptetee
of Anerica et earl arbour of the British Commonshy
- 82 shy
weelth of Nations at Singapore elaya Hong Kong
and Sh~nrhai of the Commonwealth of the Philippines
and of Thailand She delivered no declaration of
war andmiddot to the ritish Commonvealth o~ Tations or
to the Conmonwealth of the ~hilippines no document
ot any kind To the United States of America she
delivered after the etteck a document which did
not end was not intended to cmount to a decleretion
of war
Stie entirslmiddot disregarded all the other Treaty
obligations r-ferred to in Counts 7 and 8 hereof
SOCTJCH 10
Tbe Netherlands ~ast Indies and tnemiddotPortugese
~ortion of the Islend of Ti111or were within the erea
coveted b Japm and described by her tis the Greeter
East ~sie Co-ProsNrity Sphere
In addition to thf general treaties binding
Jepan not to atteck these areas Treaty rticles Nos
20 and 21 refer respectively to these naticns in
terms Ja)en also rod a treat with the Hetrerlands
repardirP the ~est Indies which she denounced on the
12th June 1940 in preparation fer aggression
agai~st them At that time tre hom~land of the
Nethorlends had been recently and treacherously
()Ver-run by JrpaQ s ally Ger111eny end the Dutch
GoverrJJ1ent hbull d been corrpollcd to seek refuge in
ngland Thereefter Je_J n endeavoured to compel thrt
Government to agree toe new treaty on terms unduly
- SJ shy
fovcurable to Japcn but they wore unwilling to do
se The prcperet1ons of Jepcn fore general cggresshy
s1ve wcr in the Fer East included en intention to
invede the c~herlonds tost Indies The occupation
by Jbullpbullmiddotn or French Indo-Ch lna complete in July
1941 end the attecks upon territories of the United
States of tmcricc end tho British Commonwealth of
~rftions on the 7th-8th December 1941 were till prrt
of t plen which ircludcd t n inve sion of the Nethershy
lends r~st Indies This wes spcc1ficclly one of tho
d~cisions of the Jcponeso Imperial Conference of the
6th Se~tember 1941 Consequently the Natherlonds
Government irm~d1ately nfter the lest mentioned
cttacks declrred war on Jepen in self-defence
On tho 11th Janucry 1942 Jepcn invaded and
therefter repidly occupied the retherlcnds East
Indies
On 19th February 1942 Jepcn without ~ny
pretence of right or of eny quarrel vi th the itepublic
of Portugcl invRded ~ortugese Timor end occupiGd
it for the purpose of crrrying on her cggreseive
wcr egeinst ell the ~llied n~tions bull
ll4 shy
APPENDIX B
List of ~rticles of Trenties violated by JrponClld incorporcted in Groups One rndTwe
The Convention tor the Frcific Settlement of Intershy
nc-tion1l Dielutes sigmmiddotd t The Hegue 29 July 1899
The srid Convention wis signed nd r~tifiod
by or on behflf of J-n(n Cnd each of the ~ritions
middot britlf ing thf ct rrgcs in thfs Ind1 ctmltrnt subject to
oGrtotn rcscrvrt1ons not here motoriol
1 Article I
With P view to obvhting rs fr s possiblt-
recourse to force in tho rel~tions between Stctes
the Signrtory Powers rgree to uso their best efforts
to ensure th6 pecific settlcment of internitioncl
differences
2 Article II
In cesemiddotor serious disrgreemant or conflict
before tn bullmiddotppctgt 1 to rrciv middottlle Signr tory Yowers t gree
to middothrve reccurse rs fr rs circwnstbullnoes nllow to
the good offices or medi tion of enc or more friendly0
owers
The Convention tor the ~~eifio Settlement or Intershy
n~tionrl Usputes signed rt the Erguo 18 Ootobor
The sdd Convention ws signea nd rrtitied by
or on behrlf of Jrpmiddotn ~nd ec-ch of the nrtions bringshy
ing the Chfrges in this Indictment with the exception
or the United Kingdom rnd the Union of lgtoviet
Socirlist Republics a-ubject to eertcin reservtions
not here 112tcrimiddotl
bull 85 bull
trtiole 1
With c view to obvirting ~a for ~s possible
recourse to force in the relrtionsmiddotbetw~on Stntes
the Contr~oting ~owers rgree to use their best
offorts to ensure the pr oifio settlemcnt of lntarshy
nrtionrl differences
i rticle 2
In cnse of serious discgreenpoundnt pr dispute
beforc ~n ebulll to ~rms the Contrreting ewers
ogree to hi)ve recourse rs fer cs eiroumstnnoes
rllow to the good 01fioes or medirtionmiddot of one or
nore friendly nowers~
The Hegue Convrntioi lJo III Relmiddottive to the opening
of ~ostilities 1 signsd 18 October 1907
The sold Convention wns signed rnd rrtified by
or on bGhrlf of Jcprn rnd eoch of the notions bringshy
ing tho ohrrgo in this Indictment
rticle I
The Contrrctlng rowers recognize the t host11shy
1tie~ between thrimselvesmiddotmust not co=enoe without
previous Pnd ~xpl1cit ~rrn_ing in the form cltheuror cf
re~ soned declrrtio_n of w~ r middot or of en ultim tllll
with oondition~lmiddotdeolrrrt1cri of wtr
ierr~runt effected by cxohrngo of notes between the
nnitod st~tes bullnd Jrprn 1 signed JO November 1908 1
dGolnrine their policy in the F(lr 0rst
6 2 The Polley of both Governments unlnrlucncshy
ed by rny ~ggreee1ve tendencies ls Olrectod tomiddottho
ll~~JlAC~ ot th( cx1 stDe 41t-tus quo in tho region
f bove-mntloned nd to the defence cf fhe- J)rfao1Jlle
of ()quol opportunity for ciimmercend industry_in
bull 86 shy
Chino
7 3 They ere cccordingly firmly resolved
reciprocmiddotlly to respect the territoriel posssssions
belongint tc ec ch other in said r1agion
8 4 Thy rre clsc deterllined to preserve the
con11on interest or Fell Joyers in Chine by supporting
b~middot l )Citic nens bullt thsir dispos11 the independshy
ence fDd integri ty or Chin End the prinCiJ)l6 or
equel opportunity for cocrerce rn~ incustry or rll
nbullmiddottions in thrt Lipire
9 5 Srould ~ny event occur threrteningmiddotthe
st~tus ouo rs ~-hove described ormiddot the principle or eou~l o~~ortunit~ cs rbove derinedit reragtins for
the two iovernmcnts to coanunicr te with each otbcr
in order to rrrive ~t rn underst~nding es to whet
L1ersures thty mry consider it useful to tcke
The Convention ~nd ~inrl rotocol ror the Suppressio
of the buse cf rpillil nd other DruRs 1 si~ned et
The rbue 23 Jnurry 1912 rnd 9 July 1913
10 Tht sid Convention wrs signed nd rrtified by
middot or on bchr lf of Jrp n r nd ech of the n tions br~shy
ing the chmiddotrees in this Indictnent
Tt c Tremiddotmiddottv of Jefce between tha -bulllliod rnd bullssocimiddotte
Powers rnd GErmlt1ny I signed t Versmiddotillee 1 28 June
1919 known ~-s th Versilles TreEtY
Ii rticle 10 of the Coven nt of tho Legue of
Nmiddottions
The bullclbers of th Lagu undertbullmiddotke to rGspect
middotr-nd preserve bulls middotgrinst extern-1 -ggression the
tcrritoril inteigtrity middot nd existirw polltic-1 indeshy
Tendencs of ~ 11 Jbers of the ler gue In ctse of
any such aggraeaion or in case of any threat or
danger ot such aggression the Council shall advise
upon the Jlleen~ by which this oblitation shall be
tultill6d
12 ~rticle 12 ot the Covenant of the League ot
Pat ions
The lenbers ot the League agree that 11 there
should arise bateen them any fis~ute likely to lead
to a rupture they will subLlit themiddotmatter either to
arbitration or to enquirf by the Council end they
agree in no case to resort to war until three t10nths
after tte ewerd ~Y the arbitrators or themiddotreport by
the Council
l) ert1cle 13 of the Covenent ot the leepue ot
Netione
Tbe embers ot the League aeree that whenever
any ~ls~ute ehall arise between them which they
recognize to be suitable tor suboission to
arbitration end which cannot be satisfactorily settled by diplomacy they will subnt the whole
subject n1Stter to arbitration
Disputes es to the interpretation ot s tresty
as to any euestion or internati~nel law es to the
existence ot any tact which it established would
constitute a ))reach of any international obligation
or es to the extent end nature of the reparation to
be oede tor any such ireech ere declared to be
among those which ere generally suitable tor subshy
111~ ssion to erbitretion
For the consideration of any such clis ute the
eourt of arbitration to which-the case is referred
- 88 shy
~hall be the court erreed on by_ the rarties ~o the
disrute or stiuletec n any convention existing
middot between then
The middotemters or tlle League erree that they will
carry out in fuil ood taith eny av1ard thut iray be
rendered tnlI t~et ther will not resort tower I
against a ember of the league which COll)lies thereshy
with In the event of any failure to carry out such
award the Council shell rropose hhet steps should
middotbe taken to rive effect thereto
14 rtcle 15 of t~e Ccvrnrnt of tte leeeue of
Naticns
If there stould criss betveen embGrs of the
League any ciisgtute lHelJmiddot to lead toe rupture
which is not submitted to arbitration in accordance
with ~rticle lJ the elbers of the league agree
tJiat tJie will tutt the rntter to tte council
Any rortr to the lllsutc 11ey effect igtuch subuislicn
by Pivin~ notice of the existence of the dis~ute to
the ~ecretery-ener11l who hill reke ell nccesslry
arrange bullents for a full investiration and considershy
ation ttereof
ror this ~urncse the nerties to the disnute will
cc~middotaunicete tc the Secretary-Glmiddotnerel es rrolptly as
noeeible stetebullbullnte of their cesa ~1th all the
rtlGvent facts enc papers nd the Council ra foLth- middot
bull1th dir~ct the publicetion thereof
Tte Councl lF 11 nc1eivour _to effect a settleshy
ment of the diE-uts and if such Gfforts fre succoisshy
ful e statGmont ehll t1 ntgtdlt ublic giviie such
ftcts rd elJlanlt l onE rcr[)rdinc tlc disuto igtnd the
- 89 shy
tmiddoteramp1s or settlement therampcr s ttdeg Council EJ deem
s~~rorriete
Jr the dis~utc is not tt-us settled ~he louncil
either un~ninously er by G Ecjority vote shell mcbullEl
c-nd rublish e rellort contllinin tmiddot stcter-ampnt cf thamp
fects of tlo dis~utE bullnd the recorncndticns which
Pr~ deemed just rnd nroner in rcvrd thereto
Any middotmbcr of the Llt-egue rmiddotprcscntd on ths I
Council m~y P-~kc ~ublic e stcte~cnt or tho frets of
the disutc End of its conclusions rcgrding ths
s_fie
If rerort bmiddot the Colllcil is uncnifilously rgrscd
to by the lllbcrs ttereof ether thln the tcprampsampnteshy
tives of on_ er -ore ot ttmiddot rtics to the dispute
the Cecbers ot middot the Lru( bullerco thit they will not
go tc wpound-r Fi tl bullny i~rty to the disrutc which corshy
plics with the rccomntnd tions of tbr rport
If th~ Council r~ ils to re~cr reort which is
unr nirlously greed to b tt~ llCrtLtors thereof o thcr
ttn ttc llrescntitivcs or one or ore of the
p rtics tcgt tt disute t1 l-scbrs cf the Lc~guc
rltscrvc to thelIS-lves th rieht to tki sue bullcti_on
rs tlcy shrmiddotll _consi~cr nccess~ry for the llmiddotiritnbull ncG
of right cncI justice
-r ttn dis~utc bctwccn the irti s is clriracd
by one of thu1 ne is found by the Council to rist
out of ~ a-ttr Nhich by intcrntionJl l~w is solrily
within th~ doJiestic jurisdiction oi th~t pmiddotrty th
Council Eh 11 so rlcrt nd shJ l u- kC no recoshy
P--nd-tion -S to its- settlcnent
r Council JI ~middot ii ny c-- sc undar this
- cc- shy
rticle refer the dispute tc he Assenbly T~e
dlspite shall be sc rcierre1 at t1e recniest of
elt--er party to t1e dis)ute provided that su~h a
reouest be 1iade within fourteen days after the sushy
miss icn cf tie dispvte to the Council
In any case referredmiddot to the Assembl7 all te
provisions cf t1is middotrticle cnd cf Article 12 relat-
ing to the action a-d povPgts cf the Cciuntil scwll
apply -to the action and povrers of the Asser1bly proshy
vided that a report ade by the Assembly if con-
curred in middotbmiddotr the Representatives of those --embers
of t1e Leale re pres ted on the Counc 11 and of a
1ajorit of the othrr middotembers of t1e eaeue c~shy
~lus ive in each case of Representatives of the
parties to the tisputc shall have the saLe force as
a report by the Cou1~il concurrPd in by all the
fieiS thereof othEr than the Rerescntatives of
one or more of the ltJrties tc the disp1te 11
15 Article 22 oft~~ Coven~ntmiddot cf the League of
1-ations
Other peoples especially those of Central
Africa are at such o staJe that the ~ndatory must
be resgtons ible for the aduiis trat ion of the terri tor
urner contitions which wi l ruarantee freec)om cf
ccnscence nnd rel1 middotior SJb Je~t cnly to the ma1ntenshy
cnce cf pc1llJic order end ncrals the prohl1Jitin
of abses sue as t1-middot slave tracc tllc arns tra~ tc
an the-liuor rotfic and the prevent1gtn of the
establishment of fortifications or mllitnry am
na7al bases and of mil1tar trpoundinin of thL natives
for ither than police purposes and the defence of
territor and u1ll aisc secure ebulluai opportunities
- 1 shy
~ tht trrde net oonmcrc ot othr iombcrs ot the
Le~gu- Tter1 ~re tarritories such a South-Jcst
trio~ nd 011rtmiddotin or tho South Jrc1r1c Isl~ nds
hioh owilltl to the ep-rsoncss or their populmiddot tion
or their sror 11 size or their rcr10toness from the
centr6s er c1v1Uz-t1on or their googr-phiol oonshy
t1~middot11ty to the territory or t)s Lmiddotndmiddott_ory bullnd other
oircumstrmiddotnoos or n be best rmiddotdm1n1 starrd under the
l~ws ot th G l-nd tory s 1ntq_trbull l nort1ons or 1ts
territory subject to the s togur rds -_bovo-ncntionod
in the interests or the indigenous popul tion
16 bullrtiole 2J (c) of th~ Covcn nt of the Lemiddotguo of
rrtons
SubjGdegct to nd in ~ ccord nee vith bull the provisions
ot intern ticn middotmiddot l conventions existing or heremiddot ttcr
to bo middot eroed U1on th middotmlicrs ot the lergue bullbullbullbullbull
( o) will entrust tho le guc with thebull gonor l
supervision over the execution of middotgrccmnts v11 th
regmiddot rd to tt e tr trio in WOll3n middot nltJ children middot nd ths
trrric in oiun middotncl othilr d~nFcrcus drugs
Tht l-ndrt- frol tt Lemiddot rue of ~Tbullt5ons pursubullmiddotnt to
t1c Vcrsmiddot 111-s Trcbulltz irde bullt Gcnor 17 kccnbcr 19n
17 bullrticlc )
The lbullnd-tory shll see th t the slmiddotve trmiddotde
is prohibited bullnd th t no forccd lbullbour is porll1tttd
axcopt for esscntimiddotl ublic works ~nd sorvicos ~nd
then onlr formiddot dequ tc romunormiddottion
18 rticli 4 The 1111litc-ry tr ining cf the n t1veuros othtrvise
thmiddotn for ~urpseuros or int~rnbulll ~olioc middotnd the loc 1
- 92 bull middot
detonco ot th t1arritory sh 11 be prohibited
Furthermore no mllitbullry or rmiddotvmiddot l bsos shmiddotll bo
ostblished or tortitiotions orec~cd in the
territory
Tremiddotty botv1ecn th( British Ccllllonmiddot olth middotor n t10middot1s 1
Trnce 1 Jbullmiddotp n nrgt thlt Unitod Str-tcs or llmiddotmiddotric
middot relmiddot tin to thclr Insulr possessions nd middot~nsulmiddotr
pominions n the P-middot oiflc Ccebulln 1 lJ December 1921
The H rGmiddotti W s middotsiend ne rr tlfi1d by the
~ifn tory olcre
19 middotrticlc I
Th Hi~t Contrmiddot ctlne middotrtits grce is bltlt106n
thsmsolves to rcs)oct thdr r_ifhts in rel tion to
their insulr roescssions middotnt ineul r dorunions in
the middotregion o~ the 7 citic Dcemiddotmiddotn
It then should develop betwein ny of the High
Contrbull ctinr ~rtics bull controvCrs rising out or ny
- cific question middot nc involving their srmiddotid rights
thiih ii not smiddot tisf ctorily settled by diploti cy nd
is likely to bulltfect tho he raonlous middotmiddot ccord now hmiddotmiddotppily
subsistinc between ttcm they sholl invite the othir
Hh Contr~ctinr ---rtibulls to joini Contorcnco io
middot vHct tl~ hcl subjlot will be refrrcd tor conshy
sidermiddot tion nit middotdiu~tmnt
Identic Corrunicmiddot ticn ri-do to tb lfothrlmiddotnds Govzrnshy
ment on 4 Fzbrumiddotmiddotrmiddot 1922 on b~hmiddot 11 of thbull- ~middotritish i
Cornnonwe-lth of nmiddotmiddottions middot nd lso mutbulltis mut ndis
on behmiddot lt cf Jmiddotr-n nlt thamp othr --~~era signmiddot tory
to th -~umiddotdrunlr cific Tremiddot ty ot 13 Decltaber 1921
stmiddotmiddottes thbullt shy 20 Ths N1gtthcrbnds not bain sifO tory to tt smiddot fd
- 9~ shy
Tre middotty middotmiddotnci t_h~ Ncthrl nds possession in the region
ot-thc P~riific Ccern thErcforc not being includ~d
in the bullgrccmcnt ref~rred to His Britnnic t~J~stys
Govarnmrnt nxious to for0 stmiddot ll ny conclusion conshy
trmiddot ry to ths sirit of the Trcbullty desires to dGcl~rlt
thnt it is firml~middot r0solvcd to respect tho rights of
the Ncthcrlbullnds in rslmiddottion to ctr insulmiddotmiddotr posscdshy
sions in the region of the Pmiddotcific 0cc n
Idcntic Communic tien 11dE to the ortugucsG Govurnshy
mcnt on 6 Fcbrumiddotri 1922 on behlf of tho British
on b~hmiddot lf of Jbull T n nc th othn owers slpn tory to
the ~u-ar~lE Tclf4 c Tr0middotmiddottbullmiddot cf 13 Decu1ber 1921
stmiddottes th t shy
2~ ~ho ortuguesE not beinp signmiddottory to the s id
-Trebullty nd the ~ortusucsc ~ossess~ons in the region
of the ~~cific Ccc1n therefore not being included
in tte middotgreencnt rsLrrd to E Brlthnic middot jcity s
Government nxioupound to forEJst11 ny conclusion
ccntrbullry tc th fririt of the Trcmiddot t) desires to
acclmiddot re th middotj it is firrillmiddot rosolvcd to respect thfgt
rights of nortugmiddot 1 in rel tion to hor insubr posshy
sessions in th~ i-rion of th TLcific Ccern
Ttc rebull ty bftweon the TTnitcd Stmiddot tcs of lcricr the
Pritish Comcnvomiddotlth oftmiddotmiddot t0ns tlgiuM Chin-
Yrrnc~ Itbullly JmiddotTmiddotn the N~thcrlmiddotnas nd Portupmiddotl
concludedmiddot~~ ~igns~ t middotmiddot~shin~ton 6 P~brumiddot ~y 1922
~c 2middotmiddotid retmiddot wf siv1d middotnd rrtifLd b~middot or on
lmiddot lf cf TbullO-n middot ni middot ct 01 th~ n ticr5 brireine thlt- bull
ctmiddotrPt~ in ttls I~dictntnt ~Ith t~L czc~ption of th~
- 91 shy
Union middotof Sovi~t Sooiel1et Re1ubllcs middot
Article I
Themiddot Contractin~ rowers other than China
eereebull
22 bull ( l) Tu reseot middotthe sovereifnty the independshy
ence end the territorill adilinhtrstive integrity
ot China
2J ( 2) To )rovide ihe tullest and nost unem-
berraesed oportunity toCh1na tc develop end mainshy
tain tor herself en etteotive end stable Government
24 ( J) To use their middotinfluence tor the purpose ot
effectually establiehinv end oainteininq theprinshy
ciple of equal or~ortunity for the ooJllilerce and
industry_ of ell noticns throll eurohout tte territory of
China
25 (4) To refrain fron tekinf advantage ot conshy
di ti~ms in China in ormiddotder to see special rights_ or
privilegeft wh)ch wculd ampbridge the rights ot subjects
omiddotr _cl tizens of friendly States Eind- fror1 countenancshy
ing action in~ical to the security ot such States 9middot
Article II
26 The Contractin- ewers agree not to enter into_
any tre~ty eereeoent arraneementor understanding
either with one another middotor ndivltually _or collecshy
tively with any pwer or Tmiddotowers llmiddothicb wouid
infring~ or impair the p~inoiples stated in middotArticle Ir Article III
ntri th a view tomiddot eJl]lmiddotin~ more ettectuelly the
principles -Of th (lpen JJvOr or equality Of OJgt)Ortun-
ity in Chine for tte trade and incustry of all
nstions thP Contracmiddotting rovere other ~hen Chna
- 95
e~ee that they 111111 not seek nor sup~_t thelr
tesnective ne~ fone ls in seeUnr shy
27bull (a) middot Any errenfenent which rmiddotdrht -urrort to
establish in favour of their interests any general
suueriori ty of riftts 1th respect to comraerdal or
economic development in any desi_neted reeion of
China
28 ( b) Any suet oonoooly or preference as would
denri ve the m ti one ls of ani other --ower of the rieht
of undertaking any legitimate trade or industry in
China or o participitinif 1th the Chinese Governshy
ment or with any local e uthority in any category
or -public enteririse or which by reason of its
scope duration or geora~hical extent is celcushy
lated to frustrate the rrecticel ep-llcation cf the
principle of eual opportunity
It is understood tl~t te foreeoilf stipulationf
of this Article are not to be so construed amps to
Tgtrohibit the acquisition of such 1ronerties or
ri~h_ts as me~ be necessary to the conduct of a parshy
ticular cornrercial middotindustrial er financial undershy
takin or to the encourapoundeLent of invention end
research
Cbira undertakes to be gdcled by the rinciples
stated in tte foregon- stir-uletions of this ~middotticle
in dealinr wit-0 er-rlicetions for emiddotcononic rights end
privileges frc1 timiddot rcverll1ents end naticnals of t11
foreien countries whethEr partiEs t~ tha present
Article IV
29 The Cortr~ct~~ ~cr~~s BfrEe not to ~up~Qrt
eny agreements by their respective nationals with
each other designed to create Spheres of Influence
or to rovide for the enjojment of mutually exolusiv
opportunities in des1gnsted parts of Chinese terri shy
tory
Art1cldege VII
JO The Contrectin) ewers agree that vhenevr a
siturtion arise) hich in the opinion of any one or
thcu involves the cpplicit1on or the stipulations
of the present Treaty middottnd renders desirable disshy
cuSsion or suoh Epplioction thermiddot6 shall be full
snd frark oo6riuriio tion between themiddot Contrc oting
Powera co1oerned
Treaty hpoundtwe3n ttc United Stetes and JEllP-n signed
t middotmiddotrshinrton 11 Februry 1922
The arid Trecty wa3 sirned rnd ratiffod by
the 8fnstory rcbullmiddotrs
~rticle II 1
Jl The United StEtes end lts nmiddot tionals shall
receive ell the benefits or the cngagcuents of Jepar
defined in ~rticles J 4 ondmiddot 5 of the Eforesaid
lsndete notwithstmdin the fect that the United
Strtes is not e mcmuer of the Ls6gue of thbulltions
Ccnvsnt1on signLd ~t Gcnevr 19 February 1925
J2 Th sdd Convention wcs s1encd nd rtified by
or on bchnlf of Jbullmiddotpt n nd B[O~ of the nyt1ons bringshy
ing th1o chrmiddotregtcs in this Indictrrnnt with tho excepshy
tion of the Union of Soviet Soci~list R~1ublics
(bin i-ol middotthe TrJtsd StrtoF or raric bull
- 97 shy
~nericomiddot tbs Prssldent of the Gerrpoundmiddotn Reich Fls
Jejcsty the Yinp cf the Bleiens 1 the resi1font of
the Frrnch R=~ubl1c 1 Fis te 1esty the inmiddot of Grnegtt
~itPin 1 IrclFnd end the British Loninlons beyond the
SeM I Irm6ror of India His la jsty the r1n9 of
Itely 1 His Llt-jcsty theuro Ecurror of J~f)en the resishy
dent cf the ctqublic of PolPnd Lnd the Prcsident of
the Czochoslov=k Reuronublic 1 ccnclueed Lnd signed ct
Jrris 27 middotw-ust 1928 1 knorn ~s thE IbllOg-)ri1nd
Peet nd ~~ the ~rct of Pmiddot ris
The srid rebull ty YlS signed Pnd r-tified by the
1iill tcry obullsrs
lrtick I
JJ Thi lifh Contrcctng ~1rties 1101Emn~y deelcre
in the nr~es of their res~ctive peoplesJh~t they
condecn recoursemiddot to 1-middotr for the solution of intcr shy
nctionrmiddotl ccctrovcrsies ~ne renounce it cs en
instrllJlCnt of n tic _-1 policy in tbcir rlr tions
with -ons inctber
Article II
J4 The Rieb Contr(ctin~ Prties ogree th t th
settlement or solution of i11 disrutes or conflicts
of ~-hitevtr n tur or of hotevcr origin tbey ruy
sought except by pbullcific M~middotns
Dccl~r ticn of Irrpcrirl p~ncsb GovcrI11lcnt 1 27 June
1929 1 ccnccrning -~rticle I of the Kelloge-Pribull nd
Peet of 27 August 192
Th Impcrlr 1 lcv rnnnt dccL re thi t ttc
rhr soolog in tts nmiddotlltS of tt(ir respective
p01ks Pf-middotrin 1 rticlc J cf tt rrmiddot ty frr
- 98 shy
the Renuncif tion cf _ r sirncd rt rrie on 27
urust 1928 vicved in the light of th~ provisions
or the Impcribulll Constitution is understood to be
inrppliCbmiddot in so fmiddotr s Jrprn is concernecl
llG Convmiddot ntion rclbullmiddott~n~middot to l~rcotic Drugs shncd
rt Gcncv~ lJ July 1931
35 The srid Convention wbullssign~d -nd rrtifiad by
or on bchmiddot lf of Jcpn with r rcscrv tion s recorded
in th protmiddotocol cf sirn ture nc c ch of th n tions
brinfing the chrrecs _in this Indictiicnt with tro
cxcetion of the Union of SoviEt ~ocilist RG~ublics
Chinbull trc Cor-monwe ltr of tustr lir rnd Ncw ZDlrnd
Trc ty btveurocn Thilmiddotnd middotnd Jp nmiddot conccrnin~ the
continumiddot nc of frimiddot~ndly rJlmiddottions middot nc tho nutu 1
riscct cf emiddottlh others tcrritoribulll iptcgrity 1
Si1ned middot t Tokyo 12 June 1940
lhc sbull id Tre tr wmiddot s s~_gnec nd rmiddot tified by
the Sign tory rovcrs
trticlG I
3l nThE Fifh ContrbullcCinf Forties s~~ll nutu~lly
resnct ~-ch others territoribulll intqrity middotnd
hcrebmiddot rcrfflru the constrmiddotnt 1cce nd the ierpetuil
fricndship existin between them
Convention rcsnctin~ t~c ~irhts bullnd Duties of
reutr1 ewers ~nd creons in 1fmiddot_r on Vmiddotnd signed
~t Tho Hbull2uJ 18 OctcbLr 1~07
37- rtJcle I
Th trrltory of mutr l ~-mcs is inviolmiddotmiddottl
JR _rtiole II
- 99 shy
rcross the tG~tor of ~ ntiutrl ow1r
Treo-ty of Jortsraoutl- b6twEen Russfr -nd Jpcn
signod 5 Sertc~bampr 1905 which esttblished
Art1cl6 II (p(rbullerr-~h 3) 39 It is bulllso ~greod thmiddot t in crder to rvoid middotlJ
c~ usa of iiisunderstmiddot nc-ing the two F1gt Contrrct1ne
-rt1es wi11 -bstdn ontl6 Russo-Iorcin frontier
from tr11nv r-ny nillt ry morsur6s which moy mEnccamp
tte security of Russ1middot n or ~orern territory
bullrt1cle It (Pmiddotrts l bullnd 2) Ja~an ana Russia mutua~ly e~~age
40 ( l) To evmiddot cu te COll)lGt ely nd simultr neously
tmiddotbull nchlirilt1 eJCcpt thbullj territory rffected by the lcse
of the li~otun2 zcninsuln in conformity with the
provisions of middotcdition l lrticle I~ nnexod to
Trc ty bullmiddotnd
41 () To rcstors cntirtolt middot nd COl]lttoll to th
oxclusive dninamptr tion ofChin_ 11 rortions of
irnchuri nov in th~ occuo tion or under middottho coritrol
of the lqmiddotnGse or Rurs1middot1 troops Nitl th exception
of the trr1 tor bull b0vbull rn nt londl
rticlc IV
obstruct ny gcncr-middot1 nrsures cnmiddotmiddotmiddotJori to rmiddotll C0 1Lttr1es
vhicb Chin~ rnmiddoty t middot~ tor th lcvlorwnt t)f thv
coriflcrcs rid incustr~middot of gt nchu1middot1bull
I) middotmiddotn middotnJ -usbull ngmiddotp tbull xlbit thdr
- 1ot shy
44 J middotn nd Russi uutumiddotmiddotlly grec-not to conshy
struct in their rcsnectivu possessions on th~
Islrnd of Srghbulllicn or the middotdJ cent isl-nds ny
fortificmiddottione or other similmiddotmiddotr militrl works
They middotmiddotlso rrspectivcly cngg not to t l1 ~ny milishy
tr ry ncsures hch MY impede the free nmiddot vigmiddottion
cf the Strmiddot its o 1middot re rouse bull nd T rt ry
h onventfon on Elbodying P~sc hulcs of tho
Rclmiddotmiddottions bctweenmiddotJrbulln nlt= the Union cf Soviet
ltocilist Rr~ublics 1 srn~d 20 J nur 1925 in
rkine
This Conv0nticn wmiddots signed middotnd rmiddottificd by the
Ciflnmiddotmiddot tory rovcrs
rticle V
45 bull Tho High 0ontrbullmiddotcting ~ rtis soleMnl ffirm
thcr desire middotnd intention to liv~ in rbull~cc middotnd
bullmiddotMitr ri ti emiddot ch ottr scrupulcJsly to rspcct th1
undoubted rieht of Stmiddottc to order its oyn life
1dthin ts own jurisdiction in its own w~y to
rf frmiddot in - ncl rcstrr in bull 11 erson in middot ny govornshy
mentrmiddot l service for th-11 nd 11 or~niz7ticns n
rocir-t of middot O findegncirl rssiitmiddot rc~ fron them frou
middot~ny middot ct ovrt or covrt limiddotmiddotbl fr II) w~y whtcver
to enc1middot n1er the order middot nlt securitr n i n1 rmiddot rt of
thc tcrritoris cf T n n th nlol 1f ltcvivt
Socimiddotljst ~rublios
rt l f11rt~-1r middot ~rcrt1 tmiddot~ t n thtr ontrmiddotct~nq
r-~rty ~~ middot11 rsrr-middotmiddot bull_ t~1 middotr=f( n 1i tr - t-rrltorlis
undr bullts juri stl ctJ vi -- ( middotmiddot ) of c--n izmiddot t~c-re er
irouS pr-tn1ln~ tmiddot bi~ th CTOVcIlll1-lt iCr ~ny r- t
of ttf t~rritorier Gf tb~ ether ~rt~ or b) cf
- 101 shy
alien subjects or citizens who may be found to be
_actually carryinr on political activities for such
organizations or -bullro ups
The Neutrality act t)etween the TTn~on of Soviet
rlccialist Reublics and Tapan siuned 13 April 1941
This ~ect was sirned end ratified~~ the
Signatory rowers bull
~rti cle I
46 Both Contrecti 1g Iarties engage to naintain
peaceful end friendly relations between themselves
and mutually respect the territorhl integrity end
inviolabilit of the other Contracting Party
Article II
47 If one of the Contrectlng Parties becomes the
object of militar action on the part of one or
several other overs the cther Contracting Farty
will r~intaln neutrality during the whole ~ericd of
the conf 11 ct
- 102 shy
list of Lfficiel bullssuronces Violated by JIc1-~nd lncororeted Li Group One
25thmiddot Se~tember 1931 ~het JalBn rad no
territoriel desiens in renchuriamp
2 25th middotcvember 1931 That there was no truth
in the report of a Japanese edvancemiddoton Chinchow
J 22nd December 1931 Thet Chinese sovereignty
would be accented ~no that tre opei c-oor rolicy
would be nsntEned
4 5th Jenu~ r 1 1933 That Jaan hsd no territshy
oriel ellbitons s~ut~ cf Jhe Greet Well in vina
5 25th n~ril 1 1934 middotThat Jepan had no intention
vhatever of seeUn~ leciel privileuroPes in Cbinr of
encrcechire UOn the territorial snd administr11tive
integrit v of Chine or oI creating difficulties for
the bona fide trr-de of other countries middot1th Chne
6 15th uibullust 1 1937 That Janen harboured no
territorial designs on China enrl would middotsprre no
efforts in sefeuardin foreltn interest end r1hts
in Cina
7- Seterber 1937 That Jsren had peecetul
intentionB EJnn e lECY of -territorial designs in
Torth Chins
8 17th Fe_bruery 1 1939 That lfjpaa hid nc
terrl torlel designs in China nc that the occul)bt icI
ietrndnn uetl lU~-her_reP(bullristons_ th Geimiddot=ny 6ld
Itsl~ r~JttiYa t~ ~1 ser r~li-timiddot)ne wlticr tht i11tishy
- middot103 shy
10 l5th April 1940 ~hct Je~sn desired status
quo of the I-etherlands ~est Indies
11 16th ~ey 1940 That Japan had no rIEns nor
pur])ose tomiddot attack the Nettmiddoterlends East Indies
12 24th lerch 1 1941 Thft under no circumst6nces
vculd Jaoen ettacr the United States of 1oerica
Greet Dritein or th etherlancls est lndits
lJ 8th July 1941 That Ja~n rac not so fer
consfderec1 the middot~ossibili t~ of 1ifhtnf the Union
of Soviet Socialist Reublics
14 10th Tulv 1941 Thft Japen cont~plated no
cction rgoinst French lndo-Chne
15 5th middot~cerber 1941 Tht troop riovernnts in
French cndo-Cldna were precauticner1 meltlsUres bull
104 shy
AlPtmrx n
Incor~oreted in Group Three
The Laws and Customs of 1middotar ere established
pertly by tre ~rectice of civilized netions end
pertly by Conventions snd rseurances which are
either directly bindinn upon the parties thereto or
evidence of the established ~nG recognized rules
The Conventions end issurences hereinigtfter rentioned
in eny Prt of this ppendix will be relied upon es
s middothole for both iurposes only the nost leterial ~rticles being nuoted herein
1 The Convention o 4 d_one at The FFgue on the
18th October 1907 concerning the Laws and Customs
of igtr on Lend provides ( inter elie) as follolls
middotcccrding tc the views of the high Gonshy
trectinr- irties thes ~rovisio1s the drafting
of which hes been insrired by the desire to
diminish the evils of war so far ts military
requireoents perflit ere intended to serve JS
a gener~l rule of conduct for the bellirerents
in tteir reletions with the inhnbitants
It hes not 10VEVtir been found rossible
et present to concert stiulctions covering ~11
th circumst~nces lict er~e in rrctlce
Cn the other h~ne tts Eigh Contrecting
irtls clmiddotrly de not intcrd tlJ~t unforeseen
cses stculd in Gefult of written qre(llent
be left to the rtitrar) Cinion of milit~ry
- 105 shy
conms nders
r~ntil o nore ccmrilete c0deuro of th6 laws of
-tar clt-n be drmiddotwn up the Hieh Contr~cting
rrties dee~ it expedient to declPre thbullt in
c~ses not covered by the rules bulldopted by then
the inh~ bi t~nts ltncl the belligerents remr in
under the protGction ~nd governunco of the
princi~les of the lw of nr tions derived from
the us~~es ~stbullblished rmon~ civilized peoples
fron th1 1~ws of humnity middot-middotnd frou the diet~ t6~
of the public consci~nco
The RoguLtions sit out in the nn6x to the sric
Convntion 1tich for~s Tirt tler6of der 1 in
Section I witt Belliger6nts rnd risoncrs of middotcrrr in
qection II witt ao~tiliti(s ~na in Section III with
ilitrry middotuthority over the Territory of the Hostile
Stbullte
middotrticle 4 thereof in Section I provides (intsr
[li~) ~s follows
~r isoners of middotmiddotmiddot-r middotre in thEgt ower oI the
hostile Governmaat but not of th~ indivi6u~ls
or corps wlo cmiddot rture theuron middotbull
Convention lo 10 dcJ~ bull t th sr-r~ time nd
)lce concerns 1middotmiddotritime middotr
The _smiddot id Ccnvntions Yere signed bull nd rmiddottified
by er on ceb~lf cf over fcrt nmiddotmiddot tions including
bJ n middot na ebullmiddotcJ- o tho n~tions bringing t_he ch~rges
in this Indictment Eubject to C6rtrin rescrvtions
- 116 shy
not ere Rteri~l nd ttcus bec~ma rrt or evidence
cf the I~ws bull nd ~uetcms of middotmiddotmiddotr
2 Tho rore eonnlc te code of the I -ws of rr conshy
tenpl td by ttc s id Convention is contdncd iu
relmiddottion tc ~risoners of ~r in tho Inter~ tionl
Convention relmiddot ti ve to thc Trebull traent of risonors
of middotmiddotr done bullmiddott r-cnev on th6 27tli July 1929
(hertinrfter cbullllod the Genev Convention~)
lthoulI pmiddot n did not rbull tify thamp s id Convenshy
tion it bocmiddotne bindinr upon her for one or more of
the folobulling recsons
() It ws sipned on tho srid dmiddotte by or on
beh~lf of forty-seven n tions including
J middotmiddot n middot nu ch of the n tions bri~ging
the cr-rres in this Indlctmnt -nd
rrtified bJ over fdrty n~tions -nd thus
becmiddotmc nrrt or evitiLnce of the Lr~s -nd
Customs of r
( b) corm1uniclttion d ted tho 29th J~nur ry
1942 silned by 10GC Shigunori one of
the bullccused middot s For~ign l~nister on boh~lf
of Jp n ~ddresscd to the swiss inister
in Tokyo contr-incd the following stbulltement
middotlthough not bound by the 0onvention
r_1middot tiv to the Trtmiddot tment of ~middotrisoner~
of r middotJrpmiddotbulln will bullply mutmiddot tis
~1ltmiddot ndis the revisions of thmiddot t
Convcnticn to middotmericn prison~rs of
r In cocununicmiddot tion d- tesd on or - bout ths
- 107 shy
JOth January 1942 addressed to the
Argentine middotinister n Tokllo by TOGO
Shigenori one of the accused es Foreign
middotinister on behalf of- Japan it is stated
The Imperial Government has not yet
ratified the Convention of 27th July
1929 regarding the treatment of prisshy
oners of er They are not therefore
subject to the said Conventionmiddot None
the less trey will anply mutatis
mutendis the conditions of ihet Conshy
vention to English (enedien iustrelmiddot
ien end Jew Zeeland prisoners of war
in their power bullmiddotbull1th regard to suppl
of food and clothin~ to prisoners of
war they will consider on condition
of recinrocity national and racial
custous of the prisoners
By the said comr1unications or one of them
Japan acceded to the seid Convention in
accordence 1dth rticle 95 thereof and
the state of war then existin~ gave inmedshy
iate effect to such accession
middot (_c) The said comiunicetions constituted assurshy
ances to the United States of merica the
United Lingdor1 of Great Britain and North~
Irelane Canada ~ustralia ampnd iiew Zealan
to whoee governments the said coumanicetio
were intended to bb end Nere repeuted by
the raspectivemiddot~ecipients thereof adin
each case to ell nations who were at war
- 108 shy
with Japan
Except in the said natters there are no proshy
visions of tte said Geneva Convention to which the
expression mutatis mutandismiddotbull could properly be
applied
J The International Convention for the meliorshy
ation of the londition of the tmiddotounded and S1ck in
~rmies n the ~ield done at Geneva on the 27th July
1929 ( known as and hereinafter called I the Red Crost
Conventionbulll provides (inter alia) as follews
rrticle 26 The Corunenders-in-Chief of bellig
erent armies shall arrange the details for
carrying out the preceding articles as well as
for cases no~ provided for in accordance with
the instructions of their respective Government
and in conformity with the general principles
of the presampnt Convention ~
Japsn was a party to the said Convention
together with over forty other nations which ttus
becane art or evidence of the lavs an~ middotustorns of
ar In the above-mentioned coilllunicrtion deted on
or about the 29th January 1942 Japan stated
Jspon obs1rves strictly the Ganeva Convention
of 27th July 1929 rulstivs to the R~d Cross
as a state sign1tory of that Convtntion
cAommunicetion dated tblgt 13th Februar 1942
l~ shy
signed by TCG0 1 Shigenori one of the accused as
Foreign l-inister on behalf of Jspe_n addressed to
the swiss Jlinlster in okyo contained the_followlng
statement
The Imperial Government TAill apply during the
present war on con~ltlon of reciprocity the
provisions relative totbe treatment of prisonshy
ers of war of the 27th July 1929 to enemy
civilian internees as fer as applicable to
them enc prQvided that labour will not be
imposed u~on-them contrary to their free choic~
The said communlcetion constituted en assurshy
ance to ell the nations et wer with Je~an (who in
fact carried out the provisions of the said Convenshy
tfon es aplice ble to Jaamiddotnese clvi lien internees)
other then tra Republic ef Chine
The above-mentioned assurances were rereated by
the_ Japanese Foreign inistrymiddot on several occasions
as r~cently as tne 26th i-ay 1943
Epound~cbull11ns CF B1E~CrEs shy
All the offences are oreeches of the Laws end
Custolls of er in ec1dition to end es proved in
pert by the several -~rticles of the Conventions end
assurences specifically nentioned
SEClION NJE
Inhumane treatment contrary imiddotn each ease te
Article 4 of the said Anne_x to the said RagJlbull Conven
- 110 shy
tion end the whole of the said Geneva Convention end
to the s~id assurances In addition to the inhumane
treatment alleged in SectionsTwo to Six hereof
inclusive which are incorporated iri this Sacti6n
prisoners or war end civilian internees were murdere~
beaten tortured and otherwise ill-treated and
female prisoners were raped by members of the
Japanese forces
SECTICN TWO bull
Illegal employnent of prisoner of war labour middotcontrary in each case to rticle 6 of the said Annex
to the said Hague Convention end to ~art III of the
said Geneva Convention end to the said assurances
The said emuloyment was illegal in that
(a) prisoners or war were enployed on work
having connection end direct connection
with the operations of war
(b) prisoners of warwere employed on work for
which they ere hysicelly unsmiddot~ited and
on ~1ork which was unhealthy end dangerous
(c) the duration of daily work wee excessiye
end rrisomiddot1ers middot I-ere not allowed rests of
twenty-four middotconsecuti va hours in each week
(d) conmiddotditions of work wer rendered more
arduous ty c1lsclplinery measures
(e) prisoners were kapt end compalled to work
in unhce lthy cliretEgts end dangerous zones
end without sufficient food clothing or
toots
- 111 ~
SCTI CN Tl-R EE
Refusal sne ftbullilure to raintaln prisoners of
wer contrary tomiddot Article 7 of the said Annex to the
said Heeue Convention and ~rticle 4 end Pert III
trticlai 9 - 12 inclusive of the said Geneva Convenshy
tion and to t~amiddot seid assurances
C~ine to differences ~f netionel and reciel
custo~s the food end ~lothing supplied to the
la~enese troops were even when supplied to rrisonerr
of wor belonging to the white races insufficient
to tiointsin them Adequete food end clothing were
not SUP lied either in ecc9rdance with the said
Conv3nt1ons or the said essurences
The structural end sEnitary conGi tion of the
cc~ps end labour detachments f~iled entirely to
COR)ly with the stid ~rticlee and Yltse extremely
bed unhealth~middot end inadequate
Yashilll ent drinking facilities were inEdequete
end bed
S~TICN FCllR
Excessive and illegal punis~ment of risonars
of war contrery tq Article 8 of the said ~nnex to
the said Hague Convention end to rert III Section
V Chapter) of the said Geneva Convention and tc
the said assurances
(o) Prisoners of ~er ~ere killed beaten and
tortured vithout trial or investigetion of
any kind for alleged offences
(b) such uneuthorlzed punlsbments ware inflict
ed for alleged offences wtlch even if
- 112 shy
proved were not under the seid Conventionis
offences et middoten
(cl collective punishments were imposedmiddot for
individual alleged offences
(d) priscners were sentenced to punishment
more severe then imprisonment for thiity
days t9r stteQpting to escape
(el conditions ot the trial ot prisoners did
not conforn to those laid down in the seid
Chapter
(f) conditions ot lllprisonm~nt ot prisoners
sentenced did not conform to those laid
down in the said Chapter bull
sectCTIlt JrIVE
istreetment or the sick end wounded meicsl
personnel end ferale nurses contrary to Articles 3
14 15 end 25 of the seid Geneva Convention end
rticles 1 9 10 end 12 ot the seid Jee Cross Conshy
vention end to the said assurences
(el Officers end soldiers who were wounded or
sick medical personnel chaplains and
~ersonnel of voluntary aid Societies were
not respected or protected but were
murdered ill-treated end neglected
(b) medical personnel chaplains and personnel
er voluntary aid Societies were ~rongfully
retained in ~apenese hende
(cl female nurses were raped L1urdered and
ill-treated
(d) camps did not possess infirmaries and
- 113 shy
seriously sicJt prisoners ena those requirshy
ing illportant surical treatrent were not
edmittea to ~iliiary or civil institutions
qualifieG to treat them
(e) monthly t1edical inspections were not
arranged
(f) sick and wounded prisoners were transferred
elthou~h their reccvery-was prejudiced by
their journeys bull
S-0CTJO SIX
HuniIiation of prisoners of war ampnd especially
officersi contrary to trticle 8 of tha said Annex to
the said Hafue Conveurontion ana Articles 2 J 18 21
22 and 27 of the seid Geneva Convention and to tbe
seic assurances
(a) Prisoners were aeliberctely ~ept ana nade
to work ~n territories occ~riea by Japan
for the purrose ormiddotex~osing them to thb
nsults end curiosity of the inh~bitants
(bl prisoners in Tapen and in occuried tershy
ritories including officers were compelshy
led to orlt on rampnial tasls and exposed to
l)UbUc view
( c) officer ~r isoners vere -clacect rnaer the
control of ron-commissionea cifictrs and
private soldiers end oonp llLd to selute
them sr6 to wort
Refusel or feilure to collect en trensrnit
- 111 shy
informrtion rrerdinf rrisoners (fmiddot war end rGplies
to enquiriGs on tto subject centrer~ to trticle 14
of the seid Annex tc the seid Pague Convention end
to ~rticles 8 eqd 77 of the seid rsneva Ccnvention
and to the sEid assurances
Proper records were not kept nor inforfileshy
tion supplied es requirLd by the said
rrticles and the riost lmpcrtFnt of such
records as vorc kept were delibLrotely
distroyed
S~CIO rmiddotyenJ
Obstructions of the rirhts of the rrotectine
rowers of RLd Cross Socioties of prisonors of war
end of thair reprcs~nt~tives contrary to rticlc 15
of the seid bnncx to t~e s~id Pcfua Convention ana
t~ lticles Jl 42 44 78 Ln~ 86 of the said cneva
Convention end t9 tho said assurances
( o) The rrnrc sntti vcs of tha bullrotectj ng
Power ( Svd tZerlind) viere refused or not
rrsnt(d pmiddotroission to visit camns rnd
access to premises occupiod by prisoners
(b) vhcn suet rornlssion was gr11nttd ttr were
not allowod to hold conversetion with
prisoners without witnesses or ct ell
(c) on such occasions conditions in eo11ps w_r
dcc(ptively pr_pbrod to apbullepoundir btter thin
nor~1~l rnC rrisomrs wrr thrsttoned with
punishment if thy cornrleincd
(d) prisonErs ampnd th~ir rcprasant~tivss weru
not ellowGd to lllku complaints rs to the
- 115 shy
neturv or -their work or otherwhe or to
correspond rreelmiddot with the nilitery eit~iorshy
ities or tle rrotectin owampr
(e) Red CroEs ~ercels end nail were withheld
Erlloyinf ~oison contrary to the _lnternstionsl
Declaration resiiectin7 Asr-hyxistinf (bulleses siened by
( inter elia) Japen Pnc China st The Hague on the 29th
July 1899 and to ~rticle 2J(a) or the said Annex
to the said Es~ue Convention ane to ftrticle 171 of
the Tremiddotety otmiddotVerseilles
In the w~r~ of Japan ereinst the bullbullerublic
of Cline poison gas was lSed- Ttiis
elleretion is confined to thetmiddot country
smiddotcrr0r~ Tirr
illine enemies who tsvn laid down their
arms Qr no longer tevinr 1esns middotf defence had
surrenderec et discretion contrerr to ~rticle 23( t
of ~he sdlt Annex to this soid Eemiddot u~ Convention
Destruction or cneri rogterty without mlliterJ
Justificeticn or necessit~ end rillege contrary to
rticles2J(1d 2~ end 47 of the seid Annex to tbe
said Haguu Conventic-n
Failure to resrcct iani~middot honcur ed rights
ind V iduel lifEJ r-r1vE ti procrtr end rclifOUS
- 116 -middot
convictions and worship middot111 occ11phd territories and
denortation and ensl~vement ot tte inhabitants
thereof contrery to flrticle 46 or th~ said nnnex to
the said llegue Conventionmiddot end to the Laws end Customs
ot er
Large numbers ct the inhabitants ot such
territories were murdered torturto~ raped
End otherwise ill-treated arrested and
interned without Justificationmiddot sent to
reread labour ano tlir property destroyd
or cont1scotcd
SECTIC~ FT~T
E1111111 survivors ot shipsmiddot sunk by neval action
end crews of cspt11rd snirs contrary to rtich 16
ot irefrue Convention rro io ot 1907
Failure to rcsp0ct ~111tary hospital ships
contrary to ftrticle 1 01 the lEFt-mention0d Convenshy
tion and unleltul use of JamiddotJcnce bosPi ti l ships
centrer to trticles 6 ~ne 8 theraor
XTI crbull PTTn
~ttacks and especially ampttecs ~ithout due
wirning ution noutrl ships
- 117 bull
Statement of Individual Responsibility for Crimes Set Cut in the Indictment
The stetenents hereinefter set forth following
the nerle of each individual Defendant constitute
matters unon which the Frosecution will rely inter
elie as establishin~ the individual responsibility
of tbe Defendants It is charged against each of the Defendants
that he usad the po-er and nrestige of the position
which he held end his rersonel influence in such a
manner that he pro~oted and carried out the offences
set out in each Count of this Indictment in which
his name ap~eers
It is charged against each of the Defendants
that during the periods hereinafter set out against
his nnle he was one of those responsible for all the
acts and omissions of the various Governments of
which he bullas a member and of the various civil
military or naval organizations in vhich he held fl
position of autbcrity
It is crargad against each of the nefendants
as sho~n by the nurnb6rs fiven aftisr bis nalle that
he was ~resent at nr ccncurree in tte dacisions
taken at sole of the conferences end cabinet reetings
leld on or about tte follovinf dates in 1941 which
decisions prepared 1or end led to unlawful war on
7th8th Dece~ber 1941
1 25th June 1941 (Liaison)
2 26th June 1941 (liaison)
J 27th Junt 1941 ( L1a1middotsmiddotcn)
- 118 shy
4 28th June 1941 (Liaison)
5 )0th June 1941 (Supreme Yor Council)
6 2nd July 1941 (Imperial)
1 7th August 1941 (Thought Control Council)
s 22nd August 1941 (Cebinet)
9 6th September 1941 (I1rp6r1al)
10 17th October 1941 ( x-Ireniers)
11 26th iovcnber 1941 ( Liaison)
12 29th 1ovember 1941 (x-Prenier s)
1) 1st December 1941 (Imperial)
14 1st Decenber 1941 (Cabinet)
ARAKI
The Defendant ARAYI bet~een 1926 and 1945 was
amonr other ~s1tions held- Chief of General Affe1ri
Department of the ~ffice or Inspector General or
111tarr Training ( 1931) lin1ster of er under
Inukai end Seito (December 19)1 to July 19)4) e
full General (19))) ember or the Supreae Yer
Council ( 19)4 to 19)6) ember or the Cab1nt
Advisory Council on China (19)7) dacetlon dnister
under ronoye soc then under vrv111middot~ (ley 19)8 to
August 19)9) iember or thE Cabinet ~dvisory
Council (1940)
he D6fondent rc1-nmiddot 1 1 between 1928 enl 194S
we s enoni- other pr id t lone t e 1 d - ColllLlander of the
Special Service Section ln 1snchur1s (September
19)1) Peyor of ukdn ( 5pter1ber to Cctobcr 19Jl)
attached to heedlt1ucrters lwentunr Army ( 19)))
- 119
Chiet Adviser to the rortt China autonooous Govarnshy
111ent Colllllnc5er-in-Chlef reienese 5th Jrri Janchurie
(1938 to 1940) Suprene 1middoter Councillor (1940 to
1943) Inepector Qenerel ot 1111tery lvietion (1941)
tull renerel (April 1941) Cmmendemiddotr-in-Chiet
Eestern Army in l11en (1943)_Ciu1Snder ot the 7th
Aree 11r1111 et Slgeriore (1944 to 1945) Inspector
renerel 111tory Trelninl (A~ril 1945)
Conterenoes- s
he )efe1~dent ~middot~~rITI between 1928 and 1945
was erionmiddot other Gsitions held- etteched rmy
Cenerol Steff Cl9JJ) retired fro-n Army (Pebruery
1936) author cf Iecleretons cf E~gtFr OTO iingoro
(1936) re-entered the Army (1937) commended en
rtillerr Pegillent et the Ree cf llnmiddottdn (1937)
in corlland of Jeranese forces which shelled the
ladybird and the -aney (1937) author of a l~rge
number ot books articles in ~lc iragezine Tai ye
Dd tippon en6 oter rublicE tions end ~utlic
speeclef ell advCcting agrress~ ve wEirfere member
of e nu~ber of societies fer the 1nst1get1on of army
control over ~~11tics end furtherance er er~ressiva
~1erfre proroter of e nunber o lets designed tcshy
renove poll ti clans lti oft lcers Ylhoo he did not
consider sufficiently eecreiEve middote frunder of the
T~~~ (194n) elected to the Lcwer rouse of the
fjit 1194)
- 120 shy
The Detendent f beheen 1928 and 1945 was
aronr other CS1 t1ons held- D1v1s 1onal Colllander in
l-encbur1 (1933) Chlet o ~rmy ~v1at1on Department
( 1935) C=ander or tts Taiwan trmy ( 1936 to 1937)
Inapector reneraLet bull111tary Ecucatlon and L1eJ1be~
ot the S1~1rene tar Council ( tugust 1937 l a full
General (Februa~y 1937) Colroander-1n-Ch1et of the
Jltxped1t1onary Force in Central China (February 1938)middot
ember ot the 3uDrez-e bullmiddoter Council ( January 1939l
middot-er llinlster under be ( ugust 1939 to Januery 1940)
Ccmmander-1n-Ch1et ot the ~xped1t1onary Force 1n
Central Chna (Tuly 1940 to 1944) iel6 lershall bullend ember of the JloCrd ot Jarshele aad d1irels
(June 1944) Insgtector General ot 111tery Sducetion
(Novenber 1944)
PIR 1~
he Defendant -1 middot r between middot1928 end 1945
was among ctler nositlons held- Founder ot the
Yokuhonsta end resident frcir 1926 to 1936 Vice
resident ot Jrlvi Coulc11 (1930 to 1936) rresldent
ot r1vy Council (1936 to 1939) rrLe nnister
( January to middotugust 1939) 1-lnister middot1i thout -middotortfollc
under Konoye and tor a time Eome inister and later
V1ce-remier (July 1940 to Cctrber 1941) ie~ber of
~bought Control Council ueust 141) ires1dent
rrivy Cou~cil (1945)
Conferrnces- l234b7612
- 121 shy
The Defendant PIROT between 1928 end 1945 was
eronr ether Oitlons held- mbeesedor to the Union
or2ov1et Socialist Re~ubl1cs (19JO) Foreign
l~in1eter (Septenber 193) to July 1934) under Saito
end F-ro111 July 1934 to 1arch 1936 under Okede Pr1me
Unister and tor a tine Forei11n i-anitter concurrentli
Wsrch 19)6 to February 19J7) Foreign Jinister under
Yonoye (June 1937 toay 19J8) et1ber or tM
Cabinet middotdvisory C1uncll (1940)
Conrerences- 1012
lOliWO
The Derendent rcsrrrc between 1928 end 1945 bullas snonr other rositions h~ld- Chier General middotrrsirs
Puresu of the Finance Derartment ofbull the i-Snchukuo
Government (19J2) Chief or ~enersl middotrrairs in the
P1nsnce Inistry o anchulrno ( 1934) Vice anister
Finampnce in the ~middotencl ukuo ~cv~rnment ( 1936) Chier
renual ffairs uruu in tho ational middotrrampirs crric
or 1middotanchukuo ( December 1936) Chief of roneral
bullrreirs in lanctutuo (July 1938) =resident or the
Ilannnr Peard enc later 1n1ster without gtortfolio
under l~onoye ( July 1940 to rrll 1941) Chiampf
secretary and Iinieter or 3tate under TClC ( Cctcber
16th 1941 tc July 1944) dviser tc Finance inietrj
(December 1944)
Ccnfersncee- 1114
ITGH
The Defendant IT 11middotI botween 1928 end 1945 wes
- 122 shy
among other rositions heldbull full Colonel 1wentung
Jrm (1929) l~jor General i~wentung trny (1932)
Vice CUet of Steff Kwentung ~rllJbull ( 19J4) Coiunender
5th Division in ~hine (arch 1937) Chief of Steff
1wantune rmy (1936 to 1937) attached to Headquarshy
ters General Start (middotay 1937 ar lln1ster under
Yonoye end HI1~1lJ~ tror~ Jule 1938 to -UpoundUSt 1939
and concurrently resident of the Ianchuriari middotrra1rs
~ureau of the Cebinet Chief of Sterr Japanese middotrmy
in Chine (Se~tember 1939) full General (July 1941)
Commender epenese ray in Iarea (July 1941 to
1945) Uunber of ~upreme imiddoter Council (1943) Comshy
Jlllnder 7th middotrea middotrm in ltin~epore (pr11 1945)
Y The Defendant rmiddotvmiddot between 1928 anamiddot1945 was
among other positions held- yhiet Secretary Finance
Uinietry (1934) mnister of igtinence t June 1937 to
ray 1938) under Konoye on the middotdvieory Ccmmittee
China middottteire lloard (J9J9) resident North China
Developrient Company (19J9 to 1941) P-inence linister
under To-c ( June 1941 to February 1944l Director
IR gtS (1944)
Conferences- 11121314
ICIDO
the Defendant LIDO between 1928 end 1945 wee
among other positions bald- Chief Secretary to the
Lord hampeper of the Priv~ Seal (19JO) Education
Minister under Ionoye ( 1937) Velfare -iinister under
Yonoye (1938) Home Iinieter under hIR PUil 11939)
- 123 shy
Lord Keeper or the Privy Seel (1940middotto 1945) chief
oonfidentiel advisor to the Lmperor and presided et
meetinrs or Ex-rreciers
Conferences- 1012
KU~tR
The Defendant 1I1JR middot between 1928 and 1945 wu
eMon11 other CS1t1ons ~eld- Chief or Starr 1wantung
middotrmy ( 1940) Vice er linister under 1onoye ampnd TCJO
(1941 to lebruer- 1944) lirnber uprece er Council
(194)) Commflder in Chief Japanese rmy Burma
(1944) full General (1945)
YCISC
The Defendant KCISO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- Director lilitery
middot ffairs flureeu of tl6 iar linistry (19)0) Vice
War inister und-er Inukai ( 19)2) Chief or etaff
Ywantunr middotmiddotmiddotmy (19)2 to 1934) ColllilBnder Jenampnese
middotrcy Korea_ (19)5 to 19)6) a full General (19)7)
Overseas inister under BI l1 (19)9) end under
ona1 (1940) Governor General 1oree (Iay 1942)
rime l1nlstir ( uly 1914 to pril 194S)
~TSbullTI
The Defendant ~~TstI between 1928 and 1945 was
8llOilF other rosltions heldbull Re)resentetive of the
Japanese ~rmy at the Geneva Conference (19)1) 1lerober
of the upreme iar Council (arch 19))) a full
General (19JJ) a founder of the Greater ~est Asia
Society (19JJ) Commender-in-Chief Japanese forces
- 124 shy
in Centrel Chine (Cctober 1937 to February 1938)
Hember ot the Cabinet dvisory Council (July 1938
to Januari 1940) Adviser to the Asia Pronotion
FeGeration (1940) Aeviser to the rreeter East Asia
Affairs Section or the r~~J (1943) rresident or
the Creater East Asia Davelopient ~ociety (1944)
lllSTCYA
The Defendant middotrSTTCJAbetween 1928 end 1945
was erJOlF other Ositions held- cier Delegate to
the League or etions ~ssembly ( 1933) ~resident ot
the 1-outh lPnorurien =teilwer (19J5 to 1939) Hember
or the c~binet bulldvisory Council (1940) Foreign
linister middot under onoye ( July 1940 to July 1941)
author ot ~show Restcretion (1938) end other books
end articles and ~ublic speeches advocating aggresshy
sive warfare
Conferences- 12~346
rn~bull1t
The Defendant INt~ between 1928 end 1945 was
P~ong other ~ositions held- Commander Japanese
rm Korea I1929) Ver iniampter under bullTekatsulci
(l-ril 193_1 to Lecember 1931) 5uprame 1er Councillor
( 1931 to 1934) Coanender-in-Chief Kvantung rmy
( 1934 to 19J6) Governor Cenerl of 1oree ( 1936 to
1942) Jenber or tle rmiddotriv~ Council ( 1942 to 1945)
~resident or the l~liticel tssocietion of Greet
Taren (1945)
- 125 shy
tTO
The Defendant lUTO between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held- Instructor et the
ilitsry lttoff College (19)0 to 19)2) Senior Otticer
ot the rilitery ~ttairs Bureau of the Her inistry
(19)5 to 19)6) Chief ot a section ot the General
st111tt ( 1937) attached Headquarters Starr Central
China bullrmy (1Lgust 19)7) Colonel attached to
1wantung bullrmy Headquarters Ctlet ot the llilitsry
ftairs Eureau ( October 19)9 to pril 1942 l
colllllsnded 2nd Guards Division in Sumatra (194))
C~iet ot Steft or the 14th ree middotrmy in the rhilishy
ppines under Gener~l Ycmashite (October 1944)
Conferences- 12346911lJ
The Defendant 1rmiddotcmiddotn0 between 1928 end 1945 was
1mong other J)ositions held- Vice Chief Nevel
General 3teft (1930) Delegate to the Geneve Pavel
Conference ( 1931) Lember Supreme 1er Council ( 19JJ)
full dmirel (1934) Chief Delegate to London Naval
Conference (19)5) Navy 1inister under HIROT~ (Mer ch
1936 to February 19)7) _ Ccmmen~ar-in-Chiet ot
Conbined Fleet (19)7) Hember of Supreme er Council
(1940) Chiet of Navel General Steff (April 1941 to
February 1944) Supreme Yaval Adviser to the iLperor
tram February 1944
Conferences- l2J469lllJ
or~
The Defendant CFA between 1928 enG 1945 was
- 126 shy
BllOne other ~ositions held- on the Vevel Generil
Sterr (1930) section Cbie1 Generel end uilitery
Atteirs Pureau of tbe bullavy (1938) Cbie1 General
and llltery ftelrs Bureaux ot the lmiddotavy_ (October
1940 to August 1944) Vice Adlral ( 1942) Vice
Navy Hinster (20 July 1944) under 1crso Commandershy
1n-Cbie1 Ch1nka1- (Korea) tavel Stetlon (Septeriber
1944 to June 1945)
Conferences- 1234691113
The Defendant OKAVA between 1928 and 1945 was
eflong otner rositlons held- Director GeMtral of
the iest ~sis Research nstitute of the South
lenct-urien 1e1lwe rroll 1926 en orcsnizer of tte
ukden Incicent (Se-ptember 18th 1931) author of
t temiddotSnese Fistory Reeder (1935) enci 01 books
articles encl sreEeches advocatine aggressive war tormiddot
the expulsicn by force ot the wtit~ races from Asiamiddot
OSHD~
middotThe Jefendent C~~IM_ between 1928 end 194i 11es
llllong other rostlons held - ~llltery ttache in
Berlin (1936) tllbassedor tc ~ermeny (October 1938
to Octobe~ 1939) and egeln fron February 1941 to
rrril 1945
S 1TC
The Defendant SC b~tveen 1928 and 1945 was
among other Csitions held- Instructor rny Gonerel
Steff Colloga (1935) sttecbed to the ilitery middot-L middot
- 127 shy
bulltta1rs Bureau ot thfl Har ~1n1str~ enler or the
lenn1ng Poard (1937 to 19)8) Chief ot the 1111 tery
tta1rs Section ot the i111tery middottte1rs Auresu ot
themiddotrer r1n1stry (Februer3 1941 to middotpril 1942)
ISJor G6nerel (October 1941) Chiflt ot ilitary
tta1rs Pureau ot the tmiddoter 1n1stry ( pr11 1942 to
December 1944) Lieutenant Genpoundral (arch 1945)
the Defendant FGllITSU batveen 1928 and 1945
WEIS oiong other positions 1eld - l1nistEr to China
(1931) Vice lorolcn lnister under Saito and Cikede
(1933 to 19)6) cbessador to the Tnion ot 3ov1et
Socialist Relulillcs Wovemb6r 1936 to Nov61ilb6r 1938)
middotibessftor to t-re6t Britain ( 1938 to June 1941)
middotrebassedor to the 1-Tanltinr i_lrgtPet JovernnLnt (Decmb3r
1941 to Jril 1943) Foreitn inister under_ TOlO
( bullyr11 194) to July 1944) and Fordgn rinister and
concurrently linister for Greiter est sia under
KCI~O (July 1944 to hril 1945)
SHIWDA
The Detendent SRilJDA betveen 1928 nd 1945
was ar1ong other positions talC- Chier ot 5tatt
Combined Fleet (1930) Vice CMet revel General
Steft ( 1935 to 1937) Comlander of the econd Fleetmiddot
(December 19)7) COIJll8nder Chine Fleet (ay 1940)
full Admiral (1940) -ev_y inister under TClC (Cctoshy
ber 1941) appointed tc Su~reme middotmiddoter Cc=c1l (1944)
Chiet ot ravel General 3teft (February to July 1944)
Conferences- 12i314
bull 128 shy
SHIRATOR
The Defendant $IRAT0RI between 1928 and 1945
was eeong other positions held- Chief or Intorlll8shy
tion Bureau or the loreien Office ( 1930 h ~inister
to sweden orwar Denmark Finland (1936) Ambasbull
aador to Italy (1939) Adviser Japanese Foreign
Office (1940) author of an article in Conte~porary
Japan po1nt1ni_r out the necessity of a World Conflict
to establishmiddotthe llew Order in Asia (hpr11 le
1941) Director IR~Ps (1943)
suzmr
The Defendant SUZ~IYI between-1928 end 1945 was
among other middotpositions held- Lember of the middot111 tery
ffsirs Section or the War Iinistry middot(19Jl) attached
to the Bureau or ~litary ffairs of the ~er Departshy
ment (19J3) Official ot the Investigation Bureau
or the Cabinet (193S) Regimental Col11118nder of the
14th Regiment (1936) Chiefmiddot or the Political Affairs
Division or the Chine ~fairs Poard (December 19J8
to lpril 1941) actill8 Director General thereof
in 1940 middotrreeid~nt ot the Cabinet Planning Board
end Iinieter without orttolio (pr11 1941 to
Cctober 1943) under Konoye and T0ir Cabinet dviser
(Noveriber 1943 to Se~tember 1944) Director or the
IR 1bullbull t (1944)
Conrerances- 689111314
TOGO
The Defendant TOGO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- i~beesedor to (eroany
bull 129
(October 1937) Ambassador to tlll Obion ot Soviet
Socialist Republics (October 1938) Foreign Minister
and Minister for overseas Affairs under TOJO (October
1941 to )larch 1942) Foreign Xinist er and Kini st er
or Greater East Asia WJier SUZUKI (April 1945)
Conterences1- 11121314
TOJ01
The Detendlllt TOJO betireen 1928 ani 1945 was
among Other pos1tions held- Head ot the First
Section or the General Start (1931 to 1932) Chiet
or the Investigation Section or the Am7 Communica-
tions School (1932) Col11111ll1der or the Xilitar7
Police or the Kwantung Ann7 (1935) Chief or Starr
Kwantung Arrrrr (1937) Vice War Minister under
Konoye (Xay to Decenber 1938) Director General or
111litary Aviation (1938 to 1939) far llinb ter umer
Konoye (Julr 1940 to Decelligter 1941) tull General
(October 1940) Prime Ministerand war Minister
concurrentlr (December 2 1941 to Julr 1944) shy
during which period he was also at tirnea Rome
K1n1ster Minister or Jlunitlona and Chier or
General Starr
Conterences1bulll23456S9ll121314
UKEZUI
The Defendant UIIEZU between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held1- Chier or the General
Affairs Depart~~t ot thll War K1n1strr (1931)
Commander of the Japanese Forces 1n China (1934)
Vice war J1n1ster under HIROT Barash and Xonore
(Karch 1936 to Mar 1938) Comnanter of the Kwan tung
Armr and Ambassador to Manchukuo (1939 to 1944)
tull General (1940) Chief or General start (Jul7
1944 to 1945)
bullbull 11011bull 150 shy
- ANNEXES
-
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
-
- A-1 THE POTSDAM DECLARATION
- A-1-a JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-b REPLY BY SECRETARY OF STATE TO JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-c FINAL JAPANESE ACCEPTANCE
- A-2 INSTRUMENT OF SURRENDER
- A-3 MOSCOW CONFERENCE AGREEMET
- A-4 SPECIAL PROCLAMATION ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-5 CHARTER OF THE INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-6 INDICTMENT
-
- GROUP ONE CRIMES AGAINST PEACE
-
- Count 1
- Count 2
- Count 3
- Count 4
- Count 5
- Count 6
- Count 7
- Count 8
- Count 9
- Count 10
- Count 11
- Count 12
- Count 13
- Count 14
- Count 15
- Count 16
- Count 17
- Count 18
- Count 19
- Count 20
- Count 21
- Count 22
- Count 23
- Count 24
- Count 25
- Count 26
- Count 27
- Count 28
- Count 29
- Count 30
- Count 31
- Count 32
- Count 33
- Count 34
- Count 35
- Count 36
-
- GROUP TWO MURDER
-
- Count 37
- Count 38
- Count 39
- Count 40
- Count 41
- Count 42
- Count 43
- Count 44
- Count 45
- Count 46
- Count 47
- Count 48
- Count 49
- Count 50
- Count 51
- Count 52
-
- GROUP THREE CONVENTIONAL WAR CRIMES AND CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY
-
- Count 53
- Count 54
- Count 55
-
- APPENDICES
-
- APPENDIX A SUMMARIZED PARTICULARS
-
- SECTION 1 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN MANCHURIA
- SECTION 2 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN THE REST OF CHINA
- SECTION 3 ECONOMIC AGGRESSION IN CHINA AND GREATER EAST ASIA
- SECTION 4 METHODS OF CORRUPTION AND COERCION IN CHINA AND OTHER OCCUPIED TERRITORIES
- SECTION 5 GENERAL PREPARATION FOR WAR
- SECTION 6 THE ORGANIZATION OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FOR WAR
- SECTION 7 COLLABORATION BETWEEN JAPAN GERMANY AND ITALY AGGRESSION AGAINST FRENCH INDO-CHINA AND THAILAND
- SECTION 8 AGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION
- SECTION 9 JAPAN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA THE COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILLIPPINES AND THE BRITISH COMMONWEALTH OF NATIONS
- SECTION 10 JAPAN THE KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS AND THE REPUBLIC OF PORTUGAL
-
- APPENDIX B LIST OF ARTICLES OF TREATIES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUO ONE AND TWO
- APPENDIX C LIST OF OFFICIAL ASSURANCES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUP ONE
- APPENDIX D INCORPORATED IN GROUP THREE
- APPENDIX E STATEMENT OF INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR CRIMES SET OUT IN THE INDICTMENT
-
JUDGKENT
INTERNATIOJAL XILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
ANNEXES
TABIE OF ltDNTETS
ANNEX NO ill ~
Abulll The Potsdam Declaration l
A-1-a Japanese Qualified Acceptance A-1-b Repl7 by Secreta7 of State to Japanese Qualified Acceptance 7
A-1-c Final Japanese Acceptance 9
A-2 ~s trument or Surrender bull bull bull bull 11
Abull5 Moscow conference Agreement bull bull 15
A-4 Special Proclamation Establiahment of an International MilitacyTribunal for the Far Eastbullbullbullbullbullbull 16
A-5 Charter of the International lrilitacy Tribunal for the Far East 19
A-6 Indio tment bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 29
JUDGENT
INrryUJ4~JrPAJ lIIITAZ TRIBUNH FCR TTE FAR EAST
TH- ~rTSDtl DECIfRnICN
26 July 1945
iCCIT 1TI0N PBIDS Cli GCVErwS TJlITED STATES I TJNIT3D UNGD0 I IFD CHH1A
(1) lfe--the President of the United States
the ~resident of the National Government of the
Republic or Cin middot end the Prime inister of Great
Brrtain representing the hundreds of millions of
our countrymen have conferred and agree that Japan
shall be given an opraquoortunity to end this war
(2) The prodigious land sea end air forces
of the United States the British Empire end of
Chine neny times reinforced by their armies and air
fleets fron tte west ere poised to strike the final
blows upon Jaran This military rower is sus a ined
and insnired by the determination of all the Allied
Nations to prosecute the war against Japan until
sbe ceases to resist
(3) The result of the futile end senselessmiddot
German resistance to the might of the aroused free
peoples of the world stands forth in awful clarity
es an example to the people of Japan The might
that now converges on Japan is immeasurably greater
then that which when ep-lied to the resisting Nazis
necessarily leid waste to the lends the industry and
the method of life of the whole German people The
full application of Olll militazy power becked by our
- 1 shy
resolve will mee1f the inevitable end complete
destruction or the Japanese armed forces end just
es inevitably the utter devastation of the Japanese
homeland
(4) middot he time hescome tor Japan to decide
whether she Ytill continue to be controlled by thoe
self-willed militaristic advisers whose unintelligent
calculations heve brought the Empire of Japan to the
thresh~ld ot annihilation or whether eho will
tpllo~ the path of_reason
(5) Following ere our terms We ~111 not
deviate from them There ere no alternatives We
shell brook no delay
( 6) Thero must be e11m1nated tor ell time the
authority and influence or those who have deceived
end misled the people or Japan into embarking on
world conqueet tor Ye insist that e new order of
peace cocurity end justice will be i=ossible until
irresponsible nilitamprism is driven from the world
(7) Until such e new order is established~
until tiere i~ convincing rroot that Japan e wershy
makin~ power is destroyed roipts in Japanese tershy
ritory to bo desirnated by the llies sh~ll be
occupied to secure the achievement of tho basic
objoctlvos we ere here setting forth
8) The torris of th Coiro Dccleration shall
be carried out end Japanese sovereienity shell be
limit~d to the islands ot Honstu liokkoido Kyushu
Shikoku end such ninor islands es we determine
(9) Tho Japanese military forces etter beins
compl tely disarmed shell be )ermittcd to return to
- 2 shy
their homea ~1th the opportunity ~o lead~peacerul
end productive lives
(10) ie do not intend thEt the Jepe11ese shell
be enslaved 88 8 race or destrored 88 8 nation but
stamprn Justice shell be mcted out to pound11 wer crlminelt
including t~osc who hPve visited cruelties upon Olll
priscn~rs Tbe le~cnesa Government shell remove all
obstacles to tbe r~v1vrl end strongtherilngof demoshy
cratic temiddotndsncics emonc the Jenanose aople Fredo11
cf speech of rel1r1on I end of thollfht es well as
respect for the fundcmentel humen rights shell be
established
(11) Ja~on shall be permitted to mo1nto1n such
industries ss will sust1in her economy end purmlt
the exaction of Just rtperttions in kind but not
those v1hich would nebls her to rr-erm for war To
this end eccess to es disti1111uished trom control
of raw motoriels shell be rermltt~d Eventual
Jepenese particiption in world trade rehtions
shell be parritted
(12) The occupying forces of the Allies shell
be yen1ithdrewn from Je~cn rs soon fS thee objctives
hPve been r ceomplished rmiddotnd thrrc hlt-s bein estft blishcti
in nccordrnce with th~ freely expressed will of trt
eEnese poople e ne~cefully inclined end responsibh
governncnt
( lJ) middotbullre CP11 UPOil the government of Jeptn to
rrcc11m now the uncondltlonil surrender of r11
Jcpenese ~rmed forces rnd to provide proper and
edequote oesur~nces of thsir good rc1th in such
rctlon The lltern~tive far Jeptn ls prompt nd
utter dostructiori
-3-
AlNEX NO A-1-o
JUDGMENT
INTERNATJONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
JAPANESE UALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
LEGATION DE SUISSE Washington n c Sir August 10 1945
I have the honor to inform 7ou that the
Japanese Minister to Switzerland upon instructions
received from his Government has requested the
Swiss Political Department to advise the Government
of tre United States of America of the following
In obedience to the gracious COITDlland of
his Majest7 the Emperor fho ever anxious to
enhance the cause of Rgt rld peace desires
earnestl7to bring about a speed7 termination
of hostilities with a view to saving mankind
from the calamities to be imposed upon them by
further continuation of the war the Japa1elie
Government several weeks ago asked the SOviet
Government with which neutral relations then
prevailed to render good offices in restoring
peace vis -a vis the enemy powers Unfar tuna t_eshy
17 these efforts in the interest of peace
having failed the Japanese Government 1n conshy
formity w1 th the august wish of His ttajest7
to restore the general peace ani desiring to
put an end to the untold sufferings entailed
b7 war as quickl7 as possible have decided
- 4 shy
upon the following
The J~p~nese r-overnmant rre rendy to
ccept the terms enumerrteurod in th- joint
drcl~rrton which bullEs issued ft otsdmiddotm on
July 26th 1945 by the heeds of the Governmonts
of the United St tts Gret t Br itdn ~nd Chin
nnd 1-ter subscribed by tha Soviet Govornment
with the undorstbullncinz thrt the srid doclcrshy
tion does not comprise ~ny de~nd which prejushy
dices the prerogbullmiddottives of His Ejeurosty ts
Sovereign nuler
Tba 0 -rnese Governcnt sincerely hope
h~t this understtnding is wcrrcntGd nd desire
keenly th~t bull n explicit indic tion to th1 t
effect will be speedily forthcomine
In trr nsmi ttinp the r bove messr re the J(pmiddotnese
Iinistar rddod thbullt tis Governraent begs the Governshy
ment of the Tritd St~tes to forwrrd its cnswer
through the intcrmedimiddotmiddotry of Switzerlrnd Similr-r
requests ~re buing trnsmitted to tho Cmiddotovornments
of rrert Britin middotn~ the ~nion of Soviet Socirlist
Republics through the intermedfrry of Sweden bull s
we11 S to the Covernment of Chin~ through the intershy
mcdhry cf Switzerlrnd The Chinesa 1-inister t
Berne h~s bulllredy been informed of the foregoing
through the ehrnnel of the swiss oliticrl Deprrtshy
ment
Plcise be rssured th t I c~ rt your disposl
~t rny time to rccept for nd forwtmiddotrd to my Governshy
m~nt the reply of thcmiddotGovernnent of the Cnited St 0 te~
- 5 shy
tccept S1r the renewed r ssurrnces ot my
highest considerrtion
lh() Fonorcble J~mes f Byrnes s Grossll secret~ry ot Stete
Cherge d 1ttl ires ~d interim ot SW1 tzerlcnd
- 6 shy
JlliEX NO J-1-b
JUDGlENT
INT1RNTIONL IILITay TRIBUNAL FOF THI FJR ElST
REPLY BY SECPLTRY OF STTE TO JJPfuESE CULIFIED ieCCEPTJjCJE
Auust 11 1915
Sir1
I hnve the honor to ~cknowledre receipt of y)ur
note of Auust 10 nnd in rc~ly to inforri you thrt
the Prcsitent of th lnitcd Sttes h~s directed rie
to send to you f~r trrnsrrission by y)ur r0vcrnncnt
to the JlJnese G)vern1ent the follminp r-essire In
brmiddothnlf of the Govcrnncnts of the United Strtcs the
Uni tcd Kinrdoo the Union of Sovkt $)cidist
neublics rnd Chinni
1th rcpr-rd to the Jr-rncgtsc Governricntbulls
rcmiddotSS1fe lCCPtinp the tcri-s ~f the Fotsdri roclcshy
mrti 1n but Cmiddotgtntdninp the strtfmcnt 1 with the
understinclinp thot the stid dcclnr~tion dx s not
comprise rny deoond which rejudicesmiddot the prerontives
or His Majesty cs P sovcrcirn ruler 1 our rosition
is ns folloi-1s1
Fr)ri the riomc-nt of surrender the ruthrity
of the- Er1perr nd the Jnnesc Govcrrnirnt to rule
the stotc s~all be subject to the Surei-~ Clrinrnder
or the llied iov1crs who v1ill t-ke such sters rs he
decr-s roper to cffc ctute the surrender tcrlbullS
The Emperor will be requirec1 to riuth0rize ond
c-nsure thpound sir-nature by the Govcrnrient of Jrrrn nd
the Jn~onese Irirerinl General Hrndqurrtcrs of the
- shy
surrender terns necessary to ccrry out tho proshy
visions ot the ctsdan r~cleretion and shell issue
his couiands to ell tte ~aanesa llilitcr- mvcl
end eir authorities en~ to ell the forces under
th~ir control whoravor locrtod to cease octiva
opcrctions rnd to surrender their trns cnd to
issue suet- otter orders ts tte 3urrelle Cor1itndor
n y relulre to -ltive effect to the surrender terms
Ifll~dietelmiddot unon the surrsnder tho Jarenese
Governnent shell trcnsort rtscners of Vii r end
clvilim int ornees to pleces of s foty cs directd
whera thQ~ cen quickly bb plLced cboerd Allied
trrnsrorts
ThG ultiwt forr1 of eovernnont of Jcpcn
sh~ll in occcrdtnce with the ~otsdcm Decl~rrtion
be cstablisbcd by the freely cxrressed ~111 of tho
Jcpampnesa ~~oplc
Th rr1Gd forces of the Allied iowers will
re r-ln in s--n until the bullurroros set forth in the
otsd~ll declerr tion ore 1middotchlcved
Acccrt Sir the ronewad rssuronces of ry
highest consider~tion
r middotox r-rnssli Ctrge d Jffioires fd Interpound of
Switzcrlnd
- 8 shy
1JU1EX NO 1-1-c
JUDGIENT
INTERNJTIONL MILITARY TRIBUNiL FOR TEE FJR EAST
FINbL JbPIJESE ACCEPTANCE
LBGATION DE SUISSE bullwASHINGTON DC
Aurust 14 1945
Sir1
I have the h~nlr to refer to ylur note of
Aurust 11 in which you requested me to trcnsmit to
oy Government the re~ly ~f the Govcr=nts lf the
United st~tes the United Kinrdom the Union or
Slviet Slcialist Rc~ublics end Chine to the ressape
frlm the Jcpcneso a~vcrnoent which wcs com~unicntcd
in my n~te of August 10
lt 2010 todoy (Swiss Tine) the Jnpcnese
Minister to Switzcrlcnd conveyed the followiflishy
written strtclient to the Swiss Govcrnoent for trrnsshy
1issiln to the four Allied Glvnnmcnts1
Comtiunicrtion of the J~rrnesc Governnent
of Aurust 14 1945 cddressed to the Governoents
of the Unitcd Stetes Greet Britain the Slviet
Union ~nd Chinas 1171th reference to the Jcprnesc Governshy
rpound n11s hote lf 1uust 10 tqrardinl thE ir
nccer~cnce ~r the ~rovisi~ns of the Potsdam
Dcclorrtiln ~na the reply lf the Governments
f the United St~tcs Great Britain tho
Swi1ot Union l)nc Chini srnt by Jrnericn Sccreshy
t~ry f st~tc Zyrncs under the date of AUJUSt 11
- 9 shy
the J~pcnese Governricnt h~vc tho honor to cocshy
nunictc to the rovernnents of the four powers
rs follows
l Fis l~jcsty the ErrEgtror h-s iesued
rn nnerhl rescri~t rcfrrdine- Jprn s ccccptshy
nca of the nrovsions of thamp Potsd2c Daclcrcshy
tion
2 Fis Lr Jc sty the Jmperor is prcprrtid
to ~middotuthorize ~nd cnsur the signtture by his
Gcverrwunt cnd the Imperil-I Gcnerrl Herdqucrters
of the necessmiddot ry terris for crrry1ng out the
provisions of the fotsdc Deel rr tion Eis
r jesty is bull lso repf red to issue his coonrmiddotnds
to r-11 the nilitrry nmiddotvcl rnd middotir uthorities
of Jltpn degnd ell th forces uncicr thtiir control
vherever loc tcd to cs~ se ctive opertions to
surrender -rllS rnd to issue such other orders
s rny b required b the 5urrma Conrl nder of
the lli(d Feroes for th~ execution of th
bull bove-ncntioncd tcrls
1capt lr th- r~newtd rssurrnces of my
hiFhest consictertion
Grrssli Chrrge d middotrrires middotrd interim
of SWitzerlr nd
1r ~x Grssli Chmiddot rge abull rr~ ires middot d InteriL~ or
3yeni tzerlr nd
- 10 shy
A~TJIl TC J -2
JlJDG E-T
HTmmiddotmICITAL )III~RY TRIBUNtL FCR TH FAR EAST
e acting b command of and in behalf of the
ELlperor cf Jaran the Japanese ~overnment en~ the
Ja~anese Imperial General Feadouarters hereby
accept the provisions set forth in the declaretioc
issued by the heads or the Governments of the TTnited
States C ine end Great flritain on 26 July 1945 at
rotsdeo and subsequently adhered to b) the Union
of Soviet Socialist Re~ublics which four powers
ere hereafter referred to as the Allied ~ewers
e hereby proclain the unconditional surrender
to tte Jllied rowers of the Jarenese Imperial General
Heacq_uarters end of all anenese armed forces and
ell arMed forces under Jaanese control wherever
situated
e hereby collllend all Japanese foroes wherever
situated and the Je~epese people to cease hostilities
forthwith t(l preserve enc save fror- daoate ell
ships Eircreft and Eilitery ahd civil property
end to ccMply with all requirecents which may be
irroosed bmiddot the Supreme Cotlllenltler for the Allied
Powers or by agencies of the Jaranese Government at
his direction
middote hereby collllanc the Japanese rr~erial General
Peodquarters to issue at once orders to the Comshy
manders of ell Jaenese forces end all forces under
- 11 shy
middotJaanese control vherever situated to surrender
unconditionslly themselves and all forces under
their control
e hereby corllland all civil military end naval
officials to obey end enforce all proclsmetions
orders end directives deerued by the Supreme Comshy
mender for the Allied ~ewers to be proper to
effectuate this surrender end issued bmiddot hio or under
his authority and~~ direct all such officials to
re~~in at their posts end to continue to perform
their non-combatant duties unless specifically
relieved by hi1 er under his author ty
middotmiddote hereby undertaYe for the ELperor the
JaTienese Government end their successors to carry
out the provisions of the otsdan Declaration in
~cod feith end to issue whatever orders and teke
whatever action nay be rerured bl the Suprene
Corllonder for tte Allied rowers or by ony other
designated rspres~ntative of the tllied ~ewers for
tlie ~-urose or riving effect to that Decl1ration
e hcrebi corlland the Japenese Inerial
rovernrent ond the Japanese ImTierial General headshy
quarters et once to liberate all allied prisoners
of Mr end civilisn internees now under Japanese
control end to provide for their ~rotection cere
lillintenence and illllediete trans)ortrtion to places
es directed
~he euthority of ths m~eror and the Japanese
Government to rule the state shall be subject to
th~ 8upreme Colllllcnder for ths Allied Powers who will
tike auch steps as he deems proper to effectuate
- 12 shy
these terms or surrender
51gned et TokO Bsmiddot Janen at 0904 on the
Second dry of September 1945
By Command find In b6 alf of the Emnoror of Japan end the Jepanese Gov3rnment
Ycshirro Umezully Cornrnd endn behe lf of the JAFtnese lnperitl Genersl Hecduerters
fcCftod ct Tytyo E~ Te pan Et 0908 on the
~eccnd dry of lt1ertairbor 1945 for the ttnited Stctes
Reublio of Chine United fingdoP1 rnd the Union of
Soviet kci~list Republics e-nd in the interests of
the other Tnited Nrtions rt lier with Jopcn
C l NiMit z Unlted St~tes Representtive
Hsu Yung-ChFnll
Bruce Fr-ser United Kinqcon JepresentEtive
lieuten~nt renerrl K Derevyrnko Union of ~ovlet Soolrllst RepublicsRepresent~tive
T bull Blrmy Corimiddotcnwer-lth of fustrlic RepreBEnhtive
I bull toore Cos lr ne DoMinlcn cf eenfdf lepresentctrve
le Chrc ~rovl~icnsl Gov~rnment of the French Republic qerrescnt~tive
- lJ shy
C ~ 1 Helfrich flngdom of the ~c~hcrlmiddotncs Reprsent~tive
Ltonmiddotrd middot Isittmiddot Doninion of Pew Zcmiddotlmiddotnd Rcnrcsentctive
~ccptin the terms set forth in tho De~l r shy
tion issued br the heds of the Goverll1lcnts of the
1Jni tcd st tes Grert Eritcin ind Lhin on July 26
1945 r-t otsdru nd subsequently ~dhered to by the
Union of ~oviet Soci list Re~ublics I hva commnde4
the lmiddot J nose Irperil Governm-nt ~nd the J1p~ nese
lllperi l Gener~ 1 He dqu~rter13 to sign on my behlf
the instrument of surrender presented by the Supreme
ColDlmiddot nder for the llied owsrs 7nd to issue Generfl
Orders to the lil1trry bullnd IIbullvbulll forces in cccordrnclt
with the direction of the Supr5lilC Comm ndw- for the
llied Fowers I co=rnd rll my people forthwith to
cerse hostilities to lbully down their irms nd fbullithshy
fullr to c~rry out middot11 the provisions of the instrushy
rent of surrcndor middotnd th Generrl Orders issued by
the ry~ nese Im~erirl C-encrbull 1 lier dqu~ rters thereunde
- 14 shy
JNNEX NO J-3
JUDGMENT
INTLRNATIONAL MILITRY TRIBUNJ FOR THE FAR EA-
MOSCOV CONFERENCE AGREE-ENT
The Forei rn Ministers of the Union If Soviet
Scicl1st Republics the United Kinrdom and ~e United Stetes of ncricn met in Moscow frrr December
16 to December 26 1945 in ncc0rd with the
decision of the Crimea Conference poundOnf1rmed nt t~
Berlin C0nference thet there shuld be er ind ic conshy
sultnt11ll between them At the meetinfs of the 3
Foreign Ministers discussions took plnce on nn
informnl nnd erlorntory bnsis r-nd crrecmrnt wns
renched on the follow1np questions bull
bullbullibullbull
i The Supreme Commnltkr shdl 1ssuc nll
Orders for the inplmiddotmcntati ln of the Terms of
SurrendEr the Occupatigtns end control of J~)~n
nnd Dirc-ctives supplercmiddotntnry thereto In middotoll cases
action will be cnrricd cgtut uncer me throurh the
Supreme Commender who is the s0le Excmiddotcutive ruth0rity
for the Allied Povers in Joprn He 1ill consult nnd
id vise vii th the Council in ndvnnce of thc is sunnce
gtf Orders on mnttcrs of substance the rxirencies
of the situation permittinr his decisions upon
these octtcrs shall be controllinr
middot
- 15 shy
mrtJC T( -4
Jl JYl TJ-1T
=rcr middotr ircr middotmiddotmiddotmiddot1rr~r
JTltlISP~T ( 11 1 TCI IIIT1Y TRI~UNL
FOR CU~ FR ~ST
ViHlES the United Ltetes end the Netions
allied therewith in orposing the illegal wars of
aggression of the middotxis fJetions have froll time to
tine made declarations cf their intentions that
war crininals should be brought to justice
17 middot the Governnents of the middot111ed -ewers
et war with Japan en the 26th July 1945 at ~otsdam
declared as one of the terns of surrender that
middotstern Sustice shall be meted out to all Yer crimshy
inals including those who hove visited cruelties
upon our ~risoners
F~ middot b~middot the Instrument of Surrender of
Tenen eirecuted et ollt~middoto lay Jaran on the 2nd
lterter1er 1945 the signatories for Tapan by
colnllenc of and n behalf of the un~a~or enc the
re~anese Government accented the terms set forth
in such Declaration at otsddm
FE1 middot by such Instrument of Surrender the
authority of tle Srnperor and the Ja~ anese Government
to rule the etate of middotr_aen is made subject to the
Suprene Cv~bullbuller for the bull-llied owers who is
suthorized to take such steps as he deems proper
tc- effectuate the terms of surrender
- 16 shy
HEREbull 5 the undersigned has been designated by
the lied overs as Suprelle Colltander for the
llied ~obullers to carry into effect the general
surrender of the Japanese arned forces
middotmiddot~middot S the Governments of the United States
Great lri tain -nd russia at the middotoscoy Conference
26th Decer1ber 1945 having considcrei the effectushy
ation by Jaan of the Teris of surrender with tte
concurrence of China have agreed thet the Supreme
ColMander shall issue all Crders for the implamenshy
tetion of the Terns ot Surrender
rC1middot11 THffSFORl I Douglas Hae rthur BS
Supreme Co~mender for the llied rowers by virtue
of the authority so conferred upon ne in order to
imlement the Term of Surrender which requires the
meting out of stern justice to war criminals do
order and provide as follows
RTICl~ 1 There shall be established en
International 1-ilitery Tribunal for the Far est
for the trial of those persons charged individually
o~ es members of oranizations or in both capacishy
ties yith Qffenses which include crimes against
peace
middotR~ICI~ 2 The Constitution jurisdiction and
functions of this Tribunal are those set forth in
the Ghnter of the International lilitiry Tribunal
for thpound ~er Vest a~~roved by mo this day
middot~~JCI~middot3 Nothing in this Order shell
prejudice theJurisdiction of any other internatione
netlonel or occuretion court conriission or other
tribunal established or to be established in Japan
bull 17
or in any territory or a United Nation with Which
Jann has been at war for the trial or war
criminols
Given under my hand et Tokyo this 19th dey
of January 1946
be bullt Iso RTHUR Gontrol of the rmy United State$ rmySupreme Commender for the llied Powers
bull
- 18 shy
ArJllEX NO bull A-5
JODGMBIU
CHARTER
OF THE HJJill~ATICNH lILITARY TRIBUNAL FCR T~o FPR EAST
SECTICI~ I
COSITlJICN CF TRIBU1~~L
ARTICIE 1 middotTribunal Established The Intershy
national Yilitary Tribunal for the Far East is hereshy
by established for the just ano prompt trial and
punishment of the major war criminals in the Far
East The permanent seat of the Tribunal is in
Tokyo
4ITIC1E 2 embers The Tribunal ehall c 0
onsistmiddot
of not less than six ne~bers ruir ncre than eleven
members appointed by the Supreme Commander for the
Allied ~ewers from the names submitted by the Signashy
tories to the Instrument of qurrender India and
Phe Commonwealth of the Philippines
AlTICLE 3 Officers and Secretariat
a President The Supreme Commander for
the lllied Powers Shall appoint a Member to be
President of the Tribunal
b Secretariat
(1) The Secretariat ot the Tribunal
shall be composed o~ a General
Secretary to be appointed by the
Supreme Commander tor tle llied
Powers end such assistant seersshy
bull 19 bull
tariee clerks interpreters erd
other personnel as may be necesshy
sary
(2) The General Secretary shall organshy
ize and direct the work of the
Secretariat
()) The Secreteriet shell receive ell
documents addressed to the
Tribunal maintain the records or
the Tribunal provide necessary
clerical services to the Tribunal
end its members and perform such
other duties as may be designated
by the Tribunal
JRTICL 4 Convening and uorum Votinl1 1 and
bsence
a Convening and luorum When as many as
six members or the Tribunal are present they may
convene the Tribunal in formel session The
presence ore majority or ell members shall be
necessary to constitute e quorum
b Voting All decisions end judgments
of this ~rlbunel including convictions an~ sentenshy
ces shall be by a maJorit7 vote or those members
or the Tribunal present rn case the votes are
evenly divided the vote or the ~resident shall be
decisive
c Abseaoe Ir a member et any time is
absent a~d afterwards ls able to be ~resent he
shall take part in ell subsequent proceeding~
unless he declares 1n open court that he is disbull
- 20 bull
quelitied by reeson of insutticient middottsriiliarity with
the proceedings which took place in his absence
SllCJICN II
Jll~ISDICTINT HD Gll1-~AL ~OVISIOTS
ltRTICIE 5 Jurisdiction Cver ersons end
Offenses The ~r1bunel shall heve the power to try
and runis~ Fer e~tern wer cri~inals who es indivshy
iduals or as members of orranizetions ere charged
with offenses which Lclude Criries against Peace
Tbeefol_lovinr acts or eny of them are crimes
coni~e within the jurisdiction of the ~ribunel for
which there shall be individual responsibility
a Criries against Peace Namely the
planning ~reparation ni_iation or waging of a
declereo or undeclared var of aggression or a war
in violation of intern~tionul lew trerties agreeshy
ments or ossurpoundnces or perticipction in o common
plr n or cc nspirr cy for the occon91iehment of lny of
the foregoing
6 Conventionel ~r ~rires Nenely
vioLtions ot the lrws or custocs of wer
c CriJ11es rrrinst -uw nity Nrmely
curdor extcrmintion enslvcment deportrtion
nd other inhum-ne ~cts committed before or during
the w~r or pereeoutions on politicrl or rtciEl
grounds in execution ot or in connection with my
crime ~ithin the urisdiction of the Tribunrl
whether er not in violbulltion of the domestic 1w of
the country -here perp1tr( ted Le~dcrs orgnizers
lnstig~tors middot nd rccomplices prrticipbull ting in the
- 21 shy
tormuletion or executiomiddotn of a common plan or conshy
spiracy to commit any otmiddotthe foregoing crimes ere
responsible tor eil acts performed by any person
in execution or such plan
RTICL~ 6 Responsibility of Accuse~ Neither
the official position at any time of en ecc~sed 1 nor the feet that an accused acted pursuant to order
of his government or ot a superior shall of itself
be sutficient to free such accused from responsibil shy
ity tor any crime with whi~b he is charged but euch
circumstances may be considered in mitigation of ___
punishment it the Tribunal determines that jus~ioe
so requires
ARTICLE 7 Rules of Procedure The Tribunal
may draft and amend rules of procedure consistent
with the fundamental provisions of this Charter
AR~TCLE 8 Counsel
e Chief of middotcounsel The Chief of Counsel
desieneted by the Supreme Commender tor the Allie4
Powers is responsible for the investigation end
prosecution of charges against war criminals within
the jurisdictionmiddot of this Tribunal and will render
sue~ legal assistance to the Supreme Commander es
is appropriate
b Associate Counsel Any United Netion
with which Japan has been et war may appoint en
~ssociate Counsel to assist the Chief of ~ouneel
SECTICN III
FAIR TRIAL FO~ ACCUSED
ARTICLE 9 Procedure for Feit Trial In order
- 22 shy
t~ nsure fair trial fo~ the accused the following
procedure stell be followed
a Indictment The indictment shell
consist of a plein concise and adequate statement
of each offense charged Each accused shall be
furnished in adequate time for defense a copy of
the indictment including ~ny amendment end of this
Charter in a larguage understood by the accused
b Language The trial and related proshy
ceedings shell be conducted in Eglish and in the
laniuage of the accused Translations of documents
and other papers shall be provided as needed and
requested
c Couns~l for Accused taph accused
shall have the right to be represented by counsel
of his own selection subject to the disapproval
of such counsel at any tifle by the Tribunal The
eccused shall file with the General Secretrry of
the ~ribunal the name of his counsel If an accused
is not represented by counsel and in open court
requests tJe Blbullpointment of counsel the Tribunal
shall designate counsel for him In the absence
of such request the Tribunampl may appoint counsel
for an accused if in its judgment such appointment
is necessery to provide fer a fair trial
d Evidence for Defense An accused
shall have the right through himself or throurmiddoth
his counsel (but not through both) to conduct his defense inclbulliding the right to examine any witness
subject to such reasonable restrictions as the
Tribunal may deterMine
- 23 shy
e Production of ~vidence for the
Defense An accused may ap~ly in writing to the
Tribunal formiddot the Tgtroduction rf witnesses or of
documents The anplication shall state where the
witness or document is thou~ht to be looated It
shall also state the facts nroposed to be proved
by the witness or the document and the relevancy
of such facts to the defense If the ~ritunal
grants the a~plication the Tribunal shall be given
such al d in obtaining nroduction of the evidencemiddot
as the circumstances reouire
ARTICLE 10 Applicetions end Hotions before
Trial All motions epplicatioqs or other requests
addressed to the Tribunal prior to the commencement
of trial shall be made in writing end filed with
the General Secretary of the Tribunal for action
by the Tribunal
S11CTICN IV
J(1RS 0F JRIBTPI ~~D COTDTTCT CF TRIAL
AR~ICLll 11 ~ The Tribunal shall have
the newer
a To summon witnesses to the trial to
require ther to attend and testify and to question
them
b To interrogate each accused and to
~ermit comment on his refusal to answer any question
o To require the production of documents
end other evidentiary material
d To require of each witness ampn oath
affirmation or such declaration ea is customary in
- 24 shy
the country of the witness end to adminiter oaths
e To appoint officers for the carrying
out of any task designated by the lribunal includshy
lng the Ower to Jave evidence taken on corunissicn
AR~ICIE 12 Conduct of Trial The mribunel
shall
a Confine the trial strictly to en
expeditious hearin of the issues raised by the
charges
b Take strict measures tQ prevent en7
action which would cause any unreasonable delay and
rule out irrelevant issues end statements of any
kind whatsoever
c ~rovide for the maintenance of order
at the trial end deal summarily with any contumacy
imposing eppropriete runishment including exclushn
of any accused or ~is cou~sel f~om some or all
further proceedings but without rrejudice to the
deterninPtion of the charges
d Dctcrminamp the mental snd physicel
ccp9city cf en7 accused to riroceed to trial
f8J1E 13 ~vidcnce
e Adgt1issibilitv The Tribunal shell not
be bound bv techniccl rules of evidence It shall
rdopt ~nd ~ply to the gre~test possible extent
expeditious end non-trchnic1 procedure middotnd shr11
dmit ~ny evidence which it deems to hve proktive
vrlue All rur1orted dmissions or stctemcnts of middot
the Cousod re cimissible
b RelGv~ nee Th Tri bun_l m7 r_oquire
to be informed of tho m turc of - ny evidence before
- 25 shy
1t is otteredmiddot-111 order to rule ut1on the relev1 rice
c Specific evidence Pdclssible In
prrticulir ~r~ without limiting in middotny wmiddotmiddoty the
scope ot tbe foreroing gonerrl rules the tolhwing
ovidonce m~y be rdmittcd
(1) A document rcgbullmiddotrdlcss of its
security cl~ssitic~tion nd
without root of its issumiddotnce or
sign~ture which l6~rs to th
Tribunrl to h~ve beonsigntd or
issued by bullny officer dop rtraent
ltgcncy or mtnbcr of thi bullrmed
forces ot rny goverruncnt
(2) A -lt~middott t cl pc(rs to the
Tribun-1 to hrvo bean signed or
issued by tho InternPtiondegl Rod
Cross or r member thcreot or
by r doctor of medicino or n7
medicrl sGrvice personnel or by
rn investlg-tor or intollige~co
officer or by ~ny other person
who middotppers to the Tribunrl to
hrvc nersonPl knowledge ot tha
llltters continod in tho r port
J) An eftidavit deposition or other
signed statement
(4) A diary letter or other document
including sworn or unsworu steteshy
ments-which appear to the Tribushy
nal to contain inforlll8tion relat shy
ing to the chmiddotarge
- 26 shy
(5) A copy of e document of lther
seclnch1ry Evidence lr its contents
if the oripin~l is not immediately
nvPileble
d JudiciPl Not~ce The Tribunal shall
neither require prof of rccts or common knewledpe
nor or the authenticity of ~rricial ~~vernment
~ocuocnts and reports or rny nation or or the proshy
cecdins records end findinrs or militnrymiddot or other
arencies or rny er the United Nations
e Records Exhibits llld Documents The
transcript or the procecdinps rnd exhibits end
documents submitted to theTribun~l will be filed
with the General Stcretary ormiddotthc Tribunal end will
constitute plrt or the Record
RTICLE 14 PlPee or Triel The first trial
will be held at Tokyo end eny subsequent tria~s
~111 be held et such rleces a$ the Tribunnl decides bull
poundIlTICLE 15 Course of Trial Proceedings The
-proceedinfs et tho Trial will take the fcllowing
C1JUISel
a The indictoent will be read in court
unless the roadinf is waived by all accused
b The Tribunalmiddot will ask each accused-
llhothtr he pleads ruilty er not ruilty
c The prosecution and each accused (by
counsel only 1 represented) ~ay ~ake a cmcise
opining stotencnt
d The prosecution ond defense may ofter
evidence nnd the admissibility or the same shall be
dpoundtermined by the Tribune~
- 27 shy
e The rrosecution end each accused bf
coun~el only if represented) JTl8Y examine each
witness and each accused who elves testimony
r ccused (by counsel only if represhy
sented) MSY address the Tribunal
g Tho prosecution may address the
Tribunal
h The Tribunal will deliver Judgment
and pronounce sentence
SECTICm V
JUOOI1INT ~TD 3a~~CE
RTICLE 16 Penolty Tho Tribunal shall have
the ower to im2ose upon an accused on conviction
death or such other ~unisrunent as shall be detershy
runod by it to be just
RTICI~ 17 Judgment end Review The Judgment
willmiddotbo onnounced in open court end will give the
reesons on which it is based The r~cord of the
triampl will be transmitt~d directly to the Supreme
Collllander for tho llied ewers for his action_
Sentence will be carried out in accordance with the
Order 9f the Supreme Commender for the llie_d Powqe
who mBy et ony time reduce or otherwise elter the
sentence except to increase ts severity bull
By comm1cnd or GenErl UooRTliUR
RICH1RD J MiREHLL llljor GEnerrl General-Steff cmiddotorpe
Chief of Steff
OFFICIL
s Bl Fitch B l FITCH
Brigrdior Cenorel 1 GD middot djutrnt General
28 bull
ANNEX NO A-6
JUDGMENT
WTIWATirNAL mIITAtv TRIBUNAL FOR THE PAR EAST
INDICT1NT
THf llTTlD STNJES CF AERICA TtE REPUBLIC OF CHINA
THE T~TIID YINGDO CF qEftT BRITAnr AND UCRTHERN
I~EI~D Tl-TE rmrorr CF SOVIET fCCIAUST R)lPT1J3LICS~
TFli COl~C1llUTF OF ~USTRAUA CArADA THE REgtUBLIC
OF fRAlTCE ii KIYGDrl 01 THE NETHERLAlDS NEW
ZlALAm nDI A AND Tl-~ COlJONWEALllI CF liE
PFILirgtn~s
bullAGAINST shy
A~AKI Sedao DCFIARA Kenji liASHDlOTC _Kingoro
FfTA Sunroku FIRANUMA K11chiro HIROTA Koki
HCSRnro Naciki ITGAKIbull Seishiro l7AYA Okinori
KIDO Koichi KDURA Eeitaro rcrsc Kuniaki
~~fTST1I _Iwene lATSTJCPA Yosuke MDTflI middot Jiro
HOTO llkire NAGAPO Osemi CKA Takasumi OKllllA
Shume1 OJlnfA Hiroshi S-TO Ienryo ffiIGlITSU
Memoru SPnrnA Shiretaro SP-IRATORI Tosh1o
~TZJ~I Teiichi TrGC Shigenori TCJO Hideki
UEZU Yoshijiro
Defendants
INDICJ1Ell
In the years hereinafter refe~red to in thie
Indictment the internal and foreign policies middotor JapaL
were dominated ane directed by a cr~inal militarshy
istic clique and such policies were the cause of
serious world troubles aggressive wars end great
- 29 shy
damage to the interests of reace-loving peoples es
well as the interests of the 1apanese peo1e themshy
selves
~he ampind of the Jananese people wes systematicshy
ally poisoned with harmful ideas of the alleged
raciel superiority of ~aran over other peopls of
Asia and even of the whole world Such parllamentarl
institutions es existed in Japan were used as impleshy
ments for widespread aggression and a system similat
to those tren established by Hitler and the Nazi
party in Germany and by the Faicst party in Italy
was introduced The economic and financial resourtef
of lapan were tc a large extent riobillzed for war
a lJiis to the detrinent of the velfare of the Japanespound
pao~le
A conspiracy between the defencants joined in
br the rulers of othr aggressive countries naLely
Tazi Germany anc Fascist Italy as entered into
The rmiddotain objects of tis consiiracy vmiddotas to secure
the dominetion and exrloltation br the aggressive
States of the rest of tte world end to this end
to collllit or encourage the co~mission of crires
against peace war crimes end criries against humanshy
ity as defined in the Charter of this Tribunal thus
threatening end in~uring the basic principles of
liberty end respect fer the hunen personality
In the _rrorotion end accor1plishment of that
achene t~ese defendants taking advantege of their
power and their official positions and their own
personal ~restige and influence intended to and
did plan prepare initiate er vege aggressive ver
- JObull
against the United States of America the Republic
of China the United Kingdoll of Great Pimiddotaain ampnd
trorthern Irelend the 1Tnion of Soviet 50cialist
Republics the Cort1rtonwea 1th of Australia Canada
the Renublc of France the Yingcom of tre Nethershy
lends Pew Zealenc India tte CoJ11onwea 1th of the
Philippines end other reaceful nations in vioetion
of international law es well as in violetion ol
sacred treat- cotJni tme_nts obligetlons and assurshy
ances such plan ccnteu~leted end carried out th~
vibhtion of recognized custoras end conventions of
war b murder in~ niaiming anlt ill-treating prisoners
of war civilian internees end persons OL the high
sees denyine theM edequate food shelter clothing
medicsmiddotl cere or other alrroprifte attention
forcing them to labour under inhwane conditions
end subjecting thera to indignities exploit to
Japans benefit the llenpower snd economic resources
of the vanquished netions plundering public end
private ))ropert1- wantonly destroying cit tms
end villPges beyond eny justification of m1~~tery
neceesity nerretrate mess murder rape pillege
brigEndage torture ampnd other barbaric cruelties
uron the helpless civiliun populetion of the overshy
run countries increampse tre influence and control
of the- mil1t1Jr nnd navel grours over Jepcnese
government offic lels Fnd egencies psyl)hologicelly
prepare Japan-se public opinion for argressive warshy
fare by establishing so-celled ~ssistcnce Societies
teaching netionelistic policies of expansion disshy
seminetinr w~r proprgende end exercising strict
- Jl shy
control over the press rnd redio set up puppet
governuents in conuered countries conclude rlilit-ry
aliicnces with Germn~middot rnd Itrl to enhnce by
military 1ight Jfnrn s progrtrime of expansion
Therefore the cbove nr-ned N2ticns ty their
undersicned representntives ~uly cppoi~ted to
renresent their respective Gover=ents in the invesshy
tigction of the chorges cgcinst end the prosecution
of the middotIe-jor We r Criminrls iiursuent to the Potsdm
Decl~rton of the 20th Jul 1945 end the Instrushy
ment of Surr-rnder of thE 2nd Septerober 1945 0nd
the Chrrter of the Tri bun 1 hereby 0 ccuse cs guilty
in the respects hsrein~fter set forth of Crimes
igcinst Oeece 1rr Grines rmiddotnd Criries gninst wn1mshy
ity ond of rommon Pl1-bullns or Conspircies to collJlit
these Crimes 211 cs defined in the Ch~rter of the
Tribuml end rccordingly n~me rs Defendnts in this
cruse end cs indicted on the Counts hersin1middotfter set
out in which their n-middotns respectively qipe( r ~11
the [bove-n_med individurls
GRCUP NI CRI89 AGAIST FE CE
The following counts charge Crimes against
Feece being Pcts for which it is charged that the
persons naned and each of trem are indivi~ually
resnonsible in accordance with Article 5 and particshy
ularly frticle 5(a) and (b) of the Charter of the
International ilitary Tribunal for the Far East
and in accordance with International Law or either
of them
- J2 bull
CotTNI 1
P11 the DefendMts together ~1th divers other
persons between the let January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
Axecution of a common rlan or conspirac~ and are
resnonsible for all acts performed by themselves
or br anr )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such ~lan or ccnsniraci was that
Japan should secure the military naval poll ti cal
and economic dorinetion of East bullsia and of the
Pacific and Inaian Oceans and of all countries and
islands therein end bordering thereon and for that
nurpose slould alone or in combination with other
ccuntries hevinf sillilar objectii or who could be
indicecl or coerced to foin therein wage declared
or undeclared wer or wars of aggression and war or
wars middotin violetion of international lew treaties
agreements and assurances ega~nst eny country or
countries which might oppose that ~urpose
The whole of the ~articulars in Appendix A
of the Treaty Jrticles in Appendix B end of the
ssurances in bullppendix C relate to this Count
CCUNT 2
~11 the Defendants toqether with divers other
persons between the 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or eccomrlices in tbe formulation er
execution of a cormiddotUlOn 1an or conspiracy and are
resgtonsi ble for ell acts perforr1ed by themEelves or
by an3middot person ln execution of such plan
- 33 shy
The object of such_pian or conspiracy wes that
laren should ascure the military navel political
end economicmiddot dominction of the rovinces of Lieoning
Kirin Heilunpkieng end lehol bein~ perts of the
Re)ublic cf Chine either directl~ or by establishshy
ing a separate state under the control of Jenen
end for that rurpoae should wage declared or undeshy
clared war or wars of aggression end war or wars
in violation of internationai law treaties agreeshy
ments and assurances against the Republic of China
The whole of the Particulors in ~ppendix 1
the following rrreaty rticles in lpendix P Nos 1
to 6 inclusive 8 to 14 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive
32 to 35 inclusive and tlie following ssurances in
~ppendix C Nos 1 to 8 inclusive relate to this
Count
cmrr-1] 3
All the Defendants together with divers other
oersons betveen tbe 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 particpeted as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a corimon ilan or consbull~racy Fnd are
resionsible for all acts perfoned bi ttemselves or
b1 inymiddot )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or conspirscy wes that
Japan should ~ecure the military navel political
and economic doffiinetion of tha Reutlic of Chins
either directly or by estblishingmiddot separate state
or stctes under the control of Japcn Pnc for thct
~urpose shoulc wage declared or unceclared wrr or
- 34 shy
wars of age-ression end wer or vars in violation
of international law treaties agreements and
assurances agein~t the Rerublic of China
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix l end the sane Treaty rticles and ssurances as in Count
2 relate to this Count
CCTJNT 4
11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons betwemiddoten tle stmiddot Zanuory 1928 and the 2nd
Senterrber 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instieotors or eccomrlices in the formulation or
execution of a comrion lan or cons1gtiracy ind ere
resnonsible for ell sets performed by themselves or
b any person in execution of such plin
The object cf such plan or ccns~iracy was that
Jenan should secure the 11ili tary nuvel political
and economic do11nation of East sia and of the
Facific ond Indian Oceans tnd of ell countries end
islands therein or borderinpound thereon end for thet
purrose should alone or in coabim tion with other
countries bovine sniler objects or who could be
induced or coerced to Join therein wage declared or
undeclered wer or we-rs of aggression and wer or
wars in violPtion of internationhl la~ treaties
egreerents )nd assuu-nces egt-instmiddot the Pnited Strtes
of neric11 tre British Conmonwealth of Nutions
(which expression ~herever used in this Indictment
inoludes the UnitedKingdom of Greot Britsin end
Northern Ire lend the Commonweel th of bullustrelil
CFOds Jew ZePlond South ifiicE India Burma thbull
- 35 shy
I~P lay States end all other narts of the Eri tish
Erpire not serarately represented in the League of
Nations) the Republic of France the lingdom of
the letherlends tre Republic of China the Republic
of Portueel the Kingdom of ~hailand the Cororronshy
wea 1th of the Philippines ana tle tTnion of Soviet
Socialist Reublics or such er them as might oppose
trat ptlIJOOSB
Tle whole of the Particulars in Aopendix A
end of the ~reaty Articles in A9pendix P and of the
Assurances in Appendix C relete to this Count
CCUtT 5
~11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons beteen tJie 1st lanuer 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 rarticipated es leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a conunon plan or conspiracy and are
responsible for all acts performed by themselves or
by an person in execution of such plan
The ob1ect of such plan or conspirec was that
Germany Italy end apan should secure the military
navalmiddot politicalend economic doriination of the
whole world each having special domination in its
own sphere the sphere of Japan covering East tisie
the Pacific and Indien Oceans and all countries end
islands therein or bordering thereon end for that
nurnose should mutually assist one another to wage
declared or undeclared war or wars of aggression
and war or wars in violation of international law
treaties a~reelents end assurances against any
countries which might o~~ose thet ~~rpose and parshy
ticularly against the United States of America the
British Comraonwealth of Nations the Renublic of
France the 1ingdcm of the Netherlands the Republic
of Uhina the Republic cf Portugal the Kingdom of
Thailand the Commonwealth of the Philippines end
the Union of Soviet Socialist Renublics
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix A and
of the Treaty ~rticles in lppendix 1 and of the
Assurances in ppendiz C relate to this Count
CCUNT 6
hll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928middot
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression end a war in violrtion of intershy
national law treaties agreSlents andassurances
against the Renublic of China
The followingSections of the Particulars in
lppendiz rros l to 6 inclusive end the same
Treaty rticles and Assurances as in Count 2 relate
to this Count
COTThT 7
lll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression and a war in violation of intershy
national law treaties agreements end assurences
against the United States of rmerica
The followine middotsections of the Particulars in
1ppendiz middot Nos 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10_ tle folJowshy
ing Treaty ~rticles in Appendix B Nos l to 10
bull 3T bull
inclusive 17 to 19 inclusive 22 to )5 inclusive
end 37 and the whole of the f surences in ppendix
C relate to this Count
CCUNT 8
Ill the Defendants between the 1st Jenury
1928 end the 2nd September 1945 planned and preshy
pared a wer of aggression end e war in viohtion of
international law treaties agreements end assurshy
ances epeinst the lTnited lingdom of ltlreet Britein
end Northern I~elend enc ell rerts of the British
CommonwePlth of Nations not the subject of separate
counts in this Indictment
The following Sections of the ~erticulors in
lpehdix middotbull N~ J 4 5 6 7 9 End 10 nd tbe
fcllowine Trepoundty 1rticles in ppendix B Nos 1 2
5 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive 32 to
)5 inclusive 37 and J8 and the whole of the
bullseuronces in 0pendix C relate to this Count
C(ITJT 9
All the Defendentsmiddotbetween the 1st January
1928 fnd the 2nd September 1945 plEnned end preshy
prred e war of eggression Ende war in violcticn of
internntion~l low treaties egreements anQ assurshy
ences geinst the Cor1nonveilth of ustralie
The sene Sectiofts of the Portioul~rs in
ppendix rnd the some Trety middotrticles poundgtnd ssurshy
~noes rs in Count 8 relrte to this Count
- JS shy
COTHT 10 bull
middot11 tl-J e Defencrrts between the 1st Jonu~ry 192
end tbe 2nd Seutember 1945 plnned cnd prepmiddotred e
wFr of nRression ~nd WPr in vlolbulltion of intershy
nctionamiddot1 l~w tre 0 tics rgreeuents rnd essurampnC6S
cpPinst Rew 7eelrnd
The s~le Cections of the ~rticulirs in ~ppudi
Z end the SEmiddotme Trety rticles end )ssurrnces fS i1
Count 8 relcte to this Count
CCTT 11
111 the Delend~nts beteen the 1st J1middotnurgtry 1921
rnd the 2nd Se~tcober 1945 plnned and prepcred
war of oegression ~nd c wrr in viot~iion of intershy
ntioIel lr-w treeties rgreenents rnd essuronce
rgoinst c~nd3
The srme Sections of the ~rrticulfrs nprendi
middot end the s~ne Trerty rticles nd ssur-nces- rs in
Count 8 relFte to this Count
CCITI 12
f11 tto Dcofendnts between tbe 1st i nury 92
ena tr e 2nc Sef)tenter 1945 ~lenned ~nd nrapired 8
wor of -egresson ind c Wr n viohtion of intershy
nrt~omiddotmiddot--1 lrmiddotw trampcties Fgreenents ~nd cssur~middotnces
against India
The ssroe Sections of the rarticu~ in ~ppendiJ
and the sar-e Treaty rticles end ssurarces as 1
Connt 8 relate to this Count
~ 39 shy
C()TJT 13
~11 the Defendants between the 1st JenuPry 192
and the 2nd September 1945 planned end nrepered a
war of aggression and a wer n violction of intershy
national law treaties agreenents end assurances
against the Corironwealth of tle rilirmiddotnines
The sane Sections of the ~artcul9rs in ppendil
and the ss~e Treaty ~rticles end tssurances as in
Count 7 relate to this Count
CCTTT 14
11 the Defendants between the 1st 1enuary 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 ~lenned aad prersred a
wer of aegression znd a wer in viclEtion of intershy
national law treet-ies egreeraents end assurauces
arainst the Kingdol of the ~TeterlEltnds
The following Sections cf the Particulars in
ppendix ~ 11os J 4 6 7 9 and 10 the follcwshy5 ing Treaty rticles in ppendix R Nos 1 to 5
inclusive 10 to 18 inclusive 20 22 to JO inclusivf
32 to 35 inclusive 37 a~d 38 end tte f ollovin~
sur~nces in ~-pendix C tlos 10 to 15 inclusive
relate to this Cou~t
CrTl 15
11 the Defendnts between t~e 1st January
1928 end tr e 2nc1 Se[lterber 1945 planned end
~repered a var of fression enc a wer in violeti_on
of internetional la~ treities aerreerents end
assurences agaicst the Rerublic of ~ranee
~te following Sections of the Particulors in
- 40 shy
ppeniix middot osbull 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 tre
folloving Treaty ~rticles in ipendix B Nos 1 to
5 inclusive 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to 30 inclusive
and 32 to 38 inplusive and the follobulling Assurmceio
in ppendix C os 14 and 15 relate to this Count
COTl 16
11 the Lefendants betveen tle 1st anuary
1928 and the 2nd Sentember 1945 1anned and preshy
rsrecl a war of afgression encl a buller in violation of
international lew treaties agreements and assurshy
ances apeinst tte Lingdcm of Theilend
The following Sections of the ~erticulers in
ppendix bull Nos 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 and
the followin Treaty middotrticles in middotpenCix B lJos
3 4 5 JO end 32 to 38 inclusi~~ ~elate to this
Ccunt
crHT 17
111 the Defendants between the 1st January
1928 and the 2nd September 1945 planned end rreshy
rered a wer of afgressl en and a r in viohtion of
international lav treaties i_reerents ond assurshy
ances qeinst t~ e ncn of Soviet ~ocialist
Renublics
Tre followinr Sections of the amprticulars n
bullnendix bull Nos 1 to 8 inclusive ancl the folluing
Jreety middotrtic] es Lmiddot lenclix B os 1 to 5 inclusive
10 to 18 inclusive 32 tc 35 inclisive 39 to 47
inclusive Pnd middotmiddotssurence Ho 13 in npendix C
relEte to this Count
- 41shy
CCF 18
middothe Defendents 1KI DCFIR RfSHIMOTO
I1 bullm1- bull IT bullotTI Kcrsc rJI I cKrt 11IGELITSU
TC10 and middot~rzu on qr ebout the lftth Septerber 1931
1nit1eted a wer of aggression and a warin violation
of internetionel law traaties egreeLen ts und
assurances egainst the Republic cf China
Rection 1 of the Terticulr in ppendix
ond the followinf Treety rticles in trpendix f3 ~cs 1 to 5 inclusive 11 to 14 inclusive 22 23
25 30 40 to 43 inclusive rehte to this Count
CC1t 19
The Dereridfnts CllI I lCFIRR p middotSPIClO
fTbull RIl~ll PI1CTmiddot EOSfHO IT~KI I1Y IGDO
HTqlJ TTT( SUZUKI TOJC ind UMEZU on or about
the 7th July 1937 initiated a ~er of aggression
rnd e wrr in viohtion of internc-tionel lrw tre~ties
Egreea~nts nd 2ssur2nces egtinst the Republic of
Chine
Section 2 of t~e ~rticulpoundrs in ~rpendix ~ the
same rety middotrticleuros rs in Colrnt 18 nd the folloving
tssur~nceuros in middotnnenrx C os 3 4 ~nd 5 rel-te
to this Count
err_ 20
he Defandmiddot rts DCPJ l PilTJl FrCTmiddot
FCll-fIPO ybullmiddotr I~IDlt ITIJRI lUTC ~GYO OK~
r~~ Smr siT111nr S~ZUI TC0C ~nd TC70 en or
bullbcut the 7th Dscecter 19Ll 1~itiatee ~frac12~r of
rg~r0se ion ~ rc ~- wltr in viol tlcl cf internt i_onc 1
- 42 shy
bull lew treeties middotrreenents end cssurnces grinst
the United Stltes of merice
Section 9 of the Terticulers in Pendix
the follow in~ Treatmiddot r~icles in npencix S ifos
1 to 9 inclusive~ 19 22 tQ JO inclusive )3 34 end
37 and the whole of the t~surances in 1ppendix C
relate to this Count
ccrn 21
The same Defend9nt~ es in Count 20 on or about
the 7th December 1941 initiated e var of aggression
an~ a wer in viol2tlcn of international law treatie~
agreellents en( assurances aga~nst the ~orllonvealth
cf tte Trili-pines
The sane Jart i_cbullilere Treat~middot frticles and
~ssurances 1s in Count 20 relate to this Count
CCIJT 22
The ssLe Defencl11ts as i- Coant 20 cn_ or about
tbe 7th Decelber J941 iitiated a var of aeressicn
ana a war in viol2tion of internat~unal las treatie~
agree1nents and assurances afainst tbe ritish
rcnnonwealth of Natcns
Section 9 cf tte Perticalr s in ppendix
thegt follovinf Treaty rticles in pnenciix B Nos
J to 5 inclusive 19 22 to JO ~nclusive 33 and 37
and the hole of the ~ssurences in rppendix C
relate to tr is Cobulltnt
Tte lefendsnts tlrI )CEIPmiddotq 1IPrmmiddotmiddot
- 4) shy
HIROTA HOSHINO ITICKI KIDO W TSUQKJ liUTI
NCJNO SHIClITSU end TOJO on 0r ebout the 22nd
Se~tember 19~0 initieted ewer of errression end
e ~Br in violetion of international lEw treetiFs
egreements end essurences efeinst the Re~ublio of
Frence bull
The seme Perticulers Treety Jrticles end
Ps~urences sin Count 15 relrte to this Count
CcUfilZh
The srne tefendants es In Count 2J on or Eboui
the 7th Decembfr 1941 initietec ewer of errression
and a ~Pr in violetion of internetione le~ treeties
egreements enc assurances e~einst the Kinrdom of
Theiland
Section 7 of the Particulars in A~pencix A end
the following Treety Jrticles in Appendix B Nos l
to 5 inclusive 33 34 36 37middotend 38 relete te
this Count
QOUNT 25
The Defendents ATJgtKI DOHIHJRA HJTA HihANUMA
HIROTA HOSHirO ITJCJII KIDO MATSUOKJ Mi TfUI
SHIGUITSU and SUZUKI curing July end August
1938 inititec ewer of Pffression end ewer in
violetion of internetional lautrerties egreements
enc es~urences by ettecking the Union of Soviet
Socielist Re~ublics in the eree of Lake Khasan
The serne Perticulers Trerty Articles end
Assurences es in Count 17 1 relate to this Count
- 44 shy
CCTTTlT 26
The Defendents middot-~YI )CHlli1U HT BIRcll
ITGU(I lIDC HIS lTiTTI lTSUCK 1 ~UT0 SUZUmiddotI
0GC TCJO end nnztr durin the summer cf 1939
initiated a war of sgrression and a vsr in violoticn
of international lev treeties agreements and
assurances by attacking the territory of the
J~npolian Peonlebulls Republic in the area of the
Kha1khin-Gol River
The same eirticulars Treaty rticles and
ssurcnces as in Ccunt 17 relate to this Count
C(TJT 27
11 the Defend5nts bet~een the lEth Septenber
1931 end the 2nd September 1945 waged a wer of
aggression 8nf a bullrr in viol~tion of intern~tionel
lew trecties fgreenents and assurances flfeinst the
Republic of Chine
The seme Perticulars Trety rticles snd
~ssurrnces ~sin Count 2 rel~te to this Count
C(T~T 28
11 tte Pefend~nts between the 7th July 1937
end the 2nd Setenber 1945 wared s wer of aggresshy
bullsion nc1 r ymiddotr in viol~tion of internctioncl ltw
trertilss egreerJGn ts end ssurnces rgiinst the
Re~ublic of Chine
The SfMe Perticulcrs Tre~ty rticles 8nd
ssurrnces -s in Cmiddotunt 2 relute ~o this Count
- 45 shy
CCUlT 29
ll the Defendents between the 7th DecElllber
1941 ~nd the 2nd September 1945 wnged 6 wrr of
rggression end c Mr in violation of intermtionel
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
United~tates of tmerica
The following Sections of the ~articulers in
pp end ix i1 os 4 middot to 10 inclusive and the sane
Treaty ~rticles and ~ssurences as in Count 20 relate
to this Count
COlP1 JO
Lll the Defendsnts between the 7th Decenber
1941 and the 2nd Spte~ber 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violetion of international
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
Corlllonweslth cf the ~hili~pines
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles and
1ssurances as in Count 29 relete to this Count
crrJl 31 middot
Ul the Defendrnts betveen the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd Se1Jtember 1945 waged a Viar of
apgression and a wer in violatiog of internationalbull
law treaties agreerents end assurances against
the Pritish Corinonviealth of Nations
~he followin~ Sections of the ~articulars in
Appendix J Nos 4 to 10 inclusive and the same
Treaty bullrticles end ssurances as in Count 22 relate
tc this Count
- 46 shy
CCTTJ 32
All tte Defendants between the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd September 1945 waged a 11r of
aggression and a war in violation of international
law trestles egreeuents end assurances agenst
tte Kingdom of tce lf1therlands
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles sne
rlssurances as in Count 14 relate to thisCount
CC 33
The nefendsnts tRTi 001smiddotnmiddot IRNUt
FIlCT~ FNFnH lTlYI YID0 ~TSTTCK IUTO
1GW0 SIG~I5 end TCJC en end after the 22nd
Septelber 1940 vaged a war of algressipn end a
war in vbullolltion of ~nternetional law treaties
arreenents end assurances against the Republic of
France
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles end
cssurances as in Count 15 relate to this Count
middot CCUNT 34
_11 tre Defendants between the 7tl Decemberbull
1941 and tbe 2nd September 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violttion of international
law treFties agreenents and assurances against
the lingdon of Treilend
middot Tte sene erticulers and Treaty rticles as
in Count 24 rBlete to t~is Ccunt
CCIDT 35 bull The smiddotme Defendants ss in Count 25 during th
- 47 shy
SWmer of 1938 waged a war of aggression and a war
in violation of international lew treoties agreeshy
nents an~ assurances against the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics
The same Particulars Treaty rticles end
lssurences es in Count 17 relte to this Count
CCUc 36
The seme Defendunts ss in Count 26 during the
surller of 1939 eged a Yer of aggression in violashy
middottion of intermticnfl lew treaties egreements poundmiddotnd
essurlnces egeinst the rmiddotonrolifn Peoples Republic
and the Union of Soviet Socielist Renublics
The SFMe Flrticulers Treaty lrticles end
ssurr-nces ts in Count 17 rele te to this Count
ltmCUlt TWO U1DEl
The following Counts chrrfe the crimes of
raurder enltl conspirecy to murder being ects for
wlich it is chi-reed thtt the persons nmed rnd ecch
of thim rre individully responsible being poundt the
seoe tine Crirnes cgcinst eoce Conventionil Wer
Orines ~nd Crimes poundguinst Humeni ty contnmiddotrJ to ell
the 1J-ragrrhs of rticle 5 of the s~id ChArter to
Internrtionmiddotl Lrw ~nc tc the middotaoL1estic lews of ell
the countries where cor-oi tted including Jrbullpr-n or
to one or ~ore of them
CCl 37
The Defendints DCPIF cl FTR 1JTnt FIRCT
- 48 shy
HCSFINC KAA I(ID0 lIlURA ~me tAGATC CYA
0SrA S~( iltJlADA SJZTTlG 00( end JCJC togethe
~ith divers other per~ons between the 1st iune
1940 and the 8t~ Decet1ber 1941 rarticipated es
leaders organizers insti~ators or accoLplices in
the formulation or execution of a corilon rlan or
consnirecy end are responsible for all acts pershy
formed b themselves or by any person in execution
of such plan
The object of amp4ch ~lan or conspiracy was unlewshy
full~middot to kill and murder the persons described
below by initiating unlegful hostilities against
the United States of bmerica the rorutonwealth of
the rhlippines the British Colraonwealth of Iletions
the Kingdom of the lfotherllnds nd the Kingdoa of
The llend sne unlewf111ly orcering causing end ershy
ciitqng the ermed forces o JaJen to attack the
territory ~ti-s ~nd eir1lenes of tbe said netions
er sore of tJierl et tiL1es when Japan vioulu be et yeece
vith the said cstons~
che r-erscns intenled to be lilled end rurdered
were eJl such rersons both members of the armed
forces of the seid nationsand civilians es might
te~nen to be in the places et the tues of such
attacks
The said hostilities end attacks were unlawful
bscause they ~ere breeches of Treaty Article 5 in
Anpendix B enf the accused enc the said armed forces
of Japan could not therefore acquire the rights of
lawful belligerents
The accused ~nc each of the~ intended that such
- 49 shy
hostilities stoulc be initiated in breach of such
Treaty ~rticle or were reckless vhether sucb Treaty
Article would be violoted or not
COTT JS
he Defendante DltHIFARA FIP~~1um nroT ~
V(l~I0 ~6t iITJC IlT~~ ATSUCKA fJTO r~GUO
CK~ (ltHD~ STC SHD~~DA suzrnI TOQO ond TOJO
to~ether with divers other ~ersons between t~s 1st
J1me 1940 and the 8th De~erruer 1941 partici)Jtted
as le6ders organizersmiddotinstgators or accomylices
in tle forllulrtion or executicn of o COLlJon rlan or
cons~irac~ end are resnonsibla for all acts pershy
formed by ttemselvss or by sny person in execution
cf such 1an
The object of suchJJlon or consnirecy wes unshy
lawfully to kill and murder the persons described
belov bibull initiating unlawful rostilities tgainst
the Uni tecI States of tmerico the Comronweal th middotof
the Thilip~ines theuro ~ritieh Cormonwealthof Notions
the Kingdon of the etherlcnde and tre l(ingdcm of
Thai lent end unlewftlly order inf causng and pershy
nittinc the armed forces cf Jicen tmiddoto attack the
torritor~ ships oud airlanes of the soid notions
or sone of treuroll
The middotersons intended to be killed enc murdered
were all such ~ersons both oembers of the aroed
forces of the said natons end civiliens as mifht
happen to be in the olaces at the tiues of such
attacks
The said hostilities ond attacks ware unlawful
- 50 shy
because they were breaches of Treaty Articles 6
7 19 33 34 end 36 in Appendix Bena the accused
end the said armed forces of span could not thereshy
fore acquire the rir-hts of lawful b~lligerents
The accused end each of then intended that such
hostilities should be initiated in breech of such
Treaty ~rticles or were reckless whether such Treaty
Articles or any of then would be violated or not
C0T11 9
The same Defendants es in Count 38 middotunder the
circumstances ellered in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing ceusinr end ermitting the armed forces of
Japan to attack tle territory ships and airplanes
of the United States of America with which bullnation
Jinien was then et peace at middotPearl Harbour Territory
of Hawaii on the 7th December )941 at about 0755
hours (Pearl Harbour time) unlawfully killed and
murdered Adniral Kidd and ebout 4000 other oembers
of the naval end nilitary forces of the United State
of America lnd certaii civilians vJiose nanes and
nurnber ere et present unknown
CfTmiddotT 40
Tee sane Defendants as in Count )8 under the
circur1stances elle~ed in Counts 37 and )8 by ordershy
ing causin~ end rerrnittinR the armed forces of
Japan to attack the territory end airplanes of the
British Conmomealth of Nations 1th which nations
Japan was then et reece et Iota Eahru Kelenten
on the 8th December 1941 et about 0025 hours
- 51 bull
(Singapore ti11e) unlawfully killed and murdered
certain menQers of the aroed forces of the Pritish
Commonwealth of Nations whose names end number are
at present unknown
comrr 41
The same Defendants as in Count 38 under the
circ110stances alleged in Counts )7 end J8 by ordershy
ing causing end rerr1ittini the a rfled orces middot of
la pen tc etteck the terri tor sb 1ps end airplanes
of the ritish Comnonwealth cf Nations with v1lich
nations Janen was then at peace at Rone Kong on
tte 8th Decenber 1941 at ebout 0800 tours (Hong
Kong time) unlawfully killed and murdered certain
members of the armed forces of the British Coraonshy
wealth of nations whose names end number are at
present unknown
CCTTNT 42 The same Defendants es in Count 38 under the
circumstances alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing CIJUSing end pernitting the arHed forces Of
Jepan to et tech H IS ETRiL a ship of the British
ComtonY-eelth of lpoundtio_ns with which nations Japan
wes then rt eece et Shibullnghei on the 8th December
1941 et cbcut OJOO hours (Shcnghei tine) unlawshy
fully killed r nt rurdered three members of the navel
forces of the ~ritish CoILlonweelth of Nations whose
names ere et present un1ltnovin
52 shy
crT1T 43 the som~ Dcfcndcnts os in Count 38 under the
ciroumstFnces alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing causing end rermittin~ the armed forces of
Jeren to ettecl the territory of the Corimonvmiddotealth of
the ~hilipnines vith which nation Japan was then at
peace et Deveomiddot on the 8th December 1941 et about
1000 hours (anila time) unlawfully killed and
murdered certain mElllbers of the armed forces of the
United States of America end of the armed forces end
civilians middotor the comiddotlLlomealth cf the Ihilippines
whose nomes end number ere at TJresent unltnown
CCUNT 44bull All the De1endents together with divers other
persons between the 18th S~pternber 1931 and the 2nd
Septenber 1945 ~erticipeted as leo~ers organizers
instigetors or eccollTJlices in the 1orruletion or
execution of a coJnon plan or consiiracbullmiddot end ere
resryonsible for ell Acts performedmiddot by theuselves or
by any person in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or consiracy was to
)rocure end permit tte- riurder on a wholesale scale
of prisoners of wer MEfubers of tht ermed forces of
countries opposed to Je~ Egtn vho id-ht le~ down their
erlls enc civilians who niht be in the rower of
Jepcn on land or sea in territories occuried by
Jaron end crews 01 shi s destromiddoted bmiddot Japinese
forces in ruthless ~ursuit of victory in the unlawshy
1ul wrrs in which Japan was or would during the
said period be ~1J8oged
- shy
CCGNT 45
The Defendcnts ARAKI L~S-Il-CTC FATA EIRJJlUlA
prqc-r abull IT ~GtYI Y- f A JIDo HATSUI mrrc SUZTTKI
rnd UHEZP on the 12th December 1937 rnd succeedinf
dcys by unl 0 wfully oreering ciusing nd peroitting
the rrmed forces of Jqfn to ctt~cl ~he City f
NPning in breach of th3 Trerty Articles ~ientiond
in Count 2 hereof tnd to slr-ughter the ihhabitents
contrcry to internrtioncl lcw unhbullwfully killed
rnd Murcered Many thousands of civili~ns end disermed
soldiers of the Re~ublic of Chine whose nemes nd
number 01re rt preEent unrnovm
CCTfT 46
The sme Defenccmiddotnts i s in Count 45 on the 21st
Cctobor 1938 end succecding dt1y s by unlswfully
ordering CUsing rnd rern11tting the rrr1ed forces
of Jrrcln to ittck the City of Canton in breech of
the TreAty ~rticles montioncd in Count 2 hereof ~nd
tc sbuehter the inheibi tilnt s contrrry tci interndegtiollf
lcw unlawfully killed r nd nurdered l~rge numbers
of ~ivilisns end disvrmed soldiers of the Republic
of Clini vhose nrmes r rc number cre st present
unknown
C(TJ 47
The scme Defendcnts rs in Count 45 prior to tte
27th October 1938 end on succeeding dsys by
unlawfully ordering cuusing ~nd pern~tting the
nmed forces of Jrpon to cttcct the City of Hcnkow
in breech of the Trenty ~rticles mentioned in Count 2
- 54 shy
bereof and to slaughter the inhabitants contrary to
internatioal law unlavfully killed and Murdered
lerge nllllbers of civilians end disar1ec solciers
of the Oepublic of China wtosa narces and nU1ber ere
et Tresent un1middotn9wn
C01-l 48
The Defendants EATA rrnc 1crso StTC SlIGEshy
EITSTT Ter end mrzu prior to the 18th June 1944
end on succeeding days by unlawfully orderi11euro
causine and arnitting the erled forces of Japan to
attack the City of Changsha in breach of the Treaty
Articles nentioned in Count 2 hereof and to slaughter
tle inhlbaents contrary to internaticnal law unlawshy
fully killed and murdered nany thousands of civ~lians
end di sarnec solders of tte Republic of China
whose nales and ru11tbcr ere tt resent unknown
COHFT 49
Tte S~ne Defencants as in Count 48 prior to
tte ett luiust 1914 ampnd on succecdin[ days by
unlamiddotfull order ins csusin[l end pe t tin the
eried forces of caigtan to attack the City of lengyen
in tre rrovince of H11nen in breach of the Treaty
trticles mentioned in Count 2 hereof end to slaufhter
the inhebi tents contrary to intermitioal lampv unlawshy
fully killed and nurdered large nuribHs of civilians
enc disarmed soldiers of the Republic of China whose
neMcs and nunber erE it present unknown
- 55 shy
CCTTIT 50
The seme Defendants as in Count 48 prior to
the 10th Noveirber 1944 and on succeeding days by
unlawfully orderine causing and pernitting the
arr1ed fo~ces of Japan at attack the Cities of Kweilishy
and Liuchow in the Province of Kwangsi in breach of
the Tre~ty Articles mentoned in Count 2 hereof and
to sleUfhter tte inhabitants contrary to internatiom
-law unlawfully killed end murdered large nuabers
of civilians and disarmed soldiers of the Republic
of China whose names and number are at present
unknownbull
cnTNT 51
The Defendants ARAYI DCEIHARA HATA IlAtUMA
I~G~YI IGDO 1ciso lmiddotATffiTI 14Tsrroy 1middott~C
SUZUKI TCGC TOJO and IDEZU by ordering causing
and permitting ~he armed forces of Japan to attack
the territories of Hongolia and the Fnion of Soviet
Socialist Republics with whicl nations Japan wamps
then at peace inmiddot the reeion of the Khalkbin-Gol
River in the summer of 1939 unlawfully killed and
murdered certain merobers of the armed forces of
onolia me the rrnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
wlose nElti1euroS and nunber are et present unknown
ccmiddotJNT 52
The Defendants ARAII DrHIHARA HT11 FIRANUJIA
FIRCt FCSFTHO ITAGAI-I KIDO l1ATStTCKJI l~TSUI
SEIGlI15CT lttZTJKI and TOJO lJy ordering causing
end permitting the armed forces of Japan to attack
- 56 shy
the territory of the Union of Soviet Socialist
Re1middotublics with Vhich nation Jarien was th~n at peace
( in the region of lake Lhasan in the months of July
and August 1938) unlawfully killed and murdered cershy
tain me1bers of the ermed forces of the rrnion of
Soviet Socialist Rebullmiddotublics whose names tnd number
are at present unknown
GRCPP TIIRpound ccvmiddotrrrbullmiddotn tR CRIS M-Ti CRIES N~middotST Fll1t7IT
The following Counts charge _conventional ier
ir~lles enlt Crir-es egelnst EunaniJy beins acts tor
wrich it is charged that the persons na~ed and each
of them are individually resnonsi ble in accordance
with trticle 5 and particuierly ~rticle 5 (b) end (c
of the Charter of the Interneticnal iilitery Tribune
for the Far East and in accordance with Intershy
national Law or either of them
CCU-T 53
The Defendants DCRIFRA ~Tt -(SJjUC
ITGA1I IAl lILC rc1~~ Iorso urc NtG~NO
CY~ CSHrmiddot~ S~TO SI-IGTSl) mutD STTZULI TOGC
TOJO and UlEZU together with divers other persons
between the 7th Decellber 1941 end the 2nd Se]ltember
1945 ~articipnted as leaders organizers instigashy
tors or accololices in thE formulation or executlon
of a corllon plan or conslirecr and ere res)onsi ble
for all acts perforMed by therselves or br any
rierson in execution of such plan
The object of such olari or consiracy yen1es to
order authorize and r ermit the Co 4ctanders-in-Chief
- -57 shy
ot the levaral Japanese naval and nilitary forces
in each of the several theatres of war in which Japan
was then engaged and the officials of the Japanese
Har inistr~middot and the parsons in ctarge cf each cf
the canps and labour units for prisoners of war and
civilian internees in territories of or occupied by
Ja)an and the military and civil police of iapan
and their respective subordinates frequently and
habitually to co=it the breaches of the Lawsmiddotend
Custcms of 11~ar as contained in and proved by the
Conventions assurances and ~rectices referred to in
l~rendix D against the ermed forces of the countries
hereinefter named end againet many thousands of
ori sonars of war end ci vi liens then in the rower of
Jenan belonpin~ to the Tni ted States of America the
British Colonwealth of rations the Republie of
France the Kingdom of the Netherlands the Cormonshy
wealth of the Flilipines the Republic of China
the Republic of Fortugal Bnd the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics end that the roverru1ent of Japa1
should abstain from takin adequate steps in accordshy
ance vd th the said Conventions and assurances end
Laws and custot1s of ~er in order to secure observenc
end prevent breaches thereof
In the case of tre Republic of China the said
plan or consryirecy began on the 18th September 1931
end the following Defendants participated therein in
addition to those above-named ARAI HASFHOTO
RAlll~ ~(~ lATSTJ middot~Tsnrn1 ~TlrlI
bull 58 shy
C0PNl 54
The Defendants DOFiJEAR~ H~TAHOffiINO ITAGAKI
KAYA Kif-0 YIMURA KOISC MUTO NAGANO OKA OSHIMA
SATC SFIGlITSU 1RIMADA flJZUYI TOGO TOJO and
UEZ1J between the 7th Deceober 1941 and the 2nd
Septeuber 1945 ordered authorized and permitted
the same ~ersons as oentioned in Count 53 to co=it
the offences therein mentioned end thereby violated
the laws cf War
In the case of the Republic of China the said
orders euthorities end permissions were given in a
period beginning on the 18th September 1931 and
the following Defendants were responsible fer the
same in addition to those named above A~AII
FASED0TO PIRUJTJrA FIROTA HATSI AT-UOKA
CCFNT 55
bull The Defendants DCFIB~RA HAT HOSE-INO ITAGfiKI
KrA iID0 YIHlTRP KCIS0 EUTC NAGfNC OKA Ofxllll
S~TC PIGIlITCTT Sl-DiD~ ampJZUKI TCGO TOJO and
tn~zu between the 7th December 1941 end the 2nd
September 1945 being by virtue of their respective
offices responsible for securing the observance of
the said Conventions end assurances and the Laws and
Customs of ar in respect af the armed forces in
the countries hereinafter named and in respect of
many thousands of prisoners of war end civilians then
in the power of Japan belonging to the United States
of rmerice the British Comrn0nwealth of ~fations
tte Republic of France the Kingdom of tle Nethershy
- ~9 shy
lends the Cormonwealth or the hilippines the
Republic or China the Republic of Portugel end the
Union or Soviet socialist Republics deliberotely
rnd recklessly disregorded their legal duty to1toke
rdequete stops to secure the observonce end prevent
brerohes thereof rnd thereby violcted the lows of
wrr
In the case or the Republic of China tha said
offence begFn on the 18th September 1931 and the
following Defendi-nts were responsible for the same
in addition to those nemed above JRtKI FtSHICTO
FRJPlr HROT- ~~-ToTI HTltTOK~ INJI middot
11herefore this Indictment is lodged with tte
middot Tribun~l poundnd tJie chcrges herein mrde agllinst the
ebove-nomsd Defendants ere hareby presented to the
Tribunal
Joseph B Keenan bull Chief of Counsel acting on behalf of-the
United Strtes of merico
Hsiang Che-Chun
~s sooiete Counsel acting on bah lf or the Republic of China
I s Comyns Cirr
ssocilte Coulsel eoting on behclf of the United fingdom of Greet Brtt11in Pnd Northe
Irelond
S bull Golunsky
ssoc1rte Coubullsel ncmiddott1ng on beholf of the Union of Soviet SoerCl1st Re1)ubl1cs
6Q shy
A J 1nsfeldshy
middotmiddotfsocirte Counel rctine on beh0lf of the Comrionwc~lth or ustrelie
II G folen
r ssociete Counsel t cting on behelf of C(mida
Robert bullneto
ssociate Counsel acting on behelf of the Reublic of ~ranee
W G F BoegerhOff ~ulder
ssocirte Counsel rcting on beholf of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
R H quillhm
Jssocitte Counsel Pcting on behrlf of New Zerlrnd
pbullpGovinds lenon ~ s Comyns Carr
ssociete Counsel ccting on behlf of Indi e
edro Lopez
tssociate Counsel actinF on behelf of the Col1Dlonwerlth of the Philippines
- 61 shy
APPENDIX J
SUirlllarized Particulars sho~in the principal Matters
and Events upon which the Prosecution will rely in
support of the several Counts of the Indictment in
Groun Cne
SECTION 1 1
ILIT1 AGGRESSIN HT lANCHURIA
From January lst 1928 onwards there was a plot
in the Japanese Arm~middot and particularly in the lwantun
Army s~nrorted by certain civilians tomiddotcreete an
incident in 1anchuria which should form a pretext
forIepen to conquer occupy and exploit that Country
as the first ste~ in a scheme of eominetion which
later extended to other parts of Chine to the terr1-
tory of the Union of Soviet Socialast Republics
end ultnately to a wider field aiming to make Japer
a dondnent power in the World
The major events in the execution of it were
About 18th September 1931 Following a long
period of infiltration end consequent friction
Je]lenese troons blew ur a portion of the South
anchurien leilwey falsely accused Chinese troops
cf doing so attacked thet end thereafter pro~resshy
sively end repidlr carried out a Ililitery occupation
of the Chinese provinces of Liaoning Kirin Heilungshy
kieng end Jehol (the north-eastern provinces)
About )rd January 1932 Japanese forces occushy
pied Chnctow in sri te of e ssurance given by their
~oreigh Office to the United States on 24th November
1931 that they would notdo so
- 62 shy
Beginning about 18th Jeruary 19Ji Japanese
nevsl and later military forces attacksd the
Chinese in Shanghai
About 28th to 29tb January 19)2 Jaosnese
bonbed Cbsps1 middotat 1215 am
~b0ut 1st Febtusry 1932 Jeysnese viarships
shelled l1smlng middot
Jurin 1932 Jspen set up a separate puppet
novernrient in the said ~rcvinces enc on 15th Ssptsmshy
b~r 1932 officially recognized it
The 1BSn~ss Government which cals into power
on 13th December 1931 and ell subsequent Japanese
Governments adopted supported and continued thismiddot
sggre_ssion end its grsdusl extension over ether pamprtE
of Chins
Jsren delivered no declsrstion of 1ar against
Chine nade no effort to settle the alleged dispute
by pacific means or by mediation or arbitration
rejected on 5th February 1932 an offer of mediatio
by the United States Greet Britain enc ~ranee
refused to Gdopt the repcrt ampnd recommendations cf
the Lytton Commission apTJointed by the League of
Nations of which Jspen end Ctins were members ormiddot
the resolutions of the League and on 27th ]~rch
1933 reslgned froll the League
Cn 18tr ADril 1934 Jersn announced her absoshy bull lute opposition to sny foreign interference in Chins
other than her cwn
On 1st lerch 1934 Jspsn caused Henry Ju Yi to
be in~tslled es the norinal ruler of the so-celled
Stats of JisncbuJuo Nevertheless large Japanese
- 63 shy
crmies continued down to the 2nd September 1945 to
be mdntcined in these t0rritories using th1am s t
bmiddotse for further rggression ~nd to control together
with J_-p~ nse civi lifn offici ~ls the whole Governshy
ment industry nd finrnce thereof
SECTINT 2
1ILITAR GG1ESSINT IN lW REST 0F C-INA
Jor nesc rggressiCn geinst Chin entered r new
phc oe on July 7th- 1937 when her r_rmy invdod Clinc
south of the Grot r11 [nd htr goverruient ndoptcd
supported lt nd continued the rggresslon 111 subshy
sequent J~~~ncse Governments did the scme
Subsequent mbull_ jor events in this ph~middotse wore
-~bout 19th to 25th septembar 1937 Jrpmiddotnese
forces bombed r~cnking rnd Cc nton r nd deli bcrc te ly
killed lmiddot rge numbers of civilLns
- About 13th December 1937 J-p nese forces
c~Dtured fnking slruhtcred mcny thousnds of
civilimiddotns na committed other outr~ges
During 1940 J~prn Sbt up r- soprrto puppet
Governrotnt in those vrts of Chinbull (other thrn the
four north-o stern privinces _ bove-mcntioned) which
sh- then occuied clriming to be the Nbulltion l
Government of the Reuublic of Chinr middot-nd middotbout
0th November 1940 offic1~ lly rccognizod it bullbull rgbullin J~pmiddotn delivered no dcclrrction of wbullr on
Chinr m~de no rttcmptmiddottc settle the lleged dispute
by pbullcific mcns or by medi~tion or ~rbitr tion
refueed on 25th September 1937 to prticipte in
the Frr Erstern fdvisory Cotllllittee of the Lccgue of
Nr- tions rltcfused on 27th October middotnd og-in on 12th
Novzmbor 1937 to ~tt~nd the Conferenceheld t
Brussels of trG other signmiddottories to the Nine-Power
Trerty of 6th Febru~ry 1922 or to qiscuss its
rppliomiddottion refused on 22nd September 1938 to sit
with the Lemiddotguc of H tions to medirte her disrute
with Chin middotnd on 4th Povcmber 1938 decl red thst
the scid Nin~-Fower Trety WS obsolete
Jrpmiddotn continued her militbullry ~ggression in
Chim by cmiddot pturinz rnong other cities Frnkow on
the 27th October 193~ Ch ngshr on the 18th June
1944 Hsn~y-ng on tre 8th tugust Kweilin on the
10th IovmiddotJbcr nd liqchow on the 11th November of
the Sle yemiddotmiddotr r-nd deliber tcly killed lcrg~ numbers
of civ1li 0 ns bull nd committGd othor outrbullges in erch of
the cities ~fori-mmtioned
SECTION 3 ECPT(IC 1 0GRESSJQ-T I CIW lTl) GRlltTFR imiddotsr middotsrmiddotbull
During the period covered by this Indictment
~pmiddotn est~blished ~ gbncrrl superiority of rights
in f-vour of her own ntionmiddotls which effectivamply
eremiddot ted 111onopolics in comrercimiddotl industril middotmiddotnd
finmiddot ncil enterprisas first in lmiddot nchurimiddotmiddot nd 1 ter
in other prts of Chinmiddotmiddot whch c aa under her dominshy
rtion nd exploitad those rcgioiis not only for the
Gnr fobmen t of JmiddotmiddotO n nd those of her nction ls pmiddotrshy
ticimiddot ting in thosG entsrnrises but s -rt of
scheme to 1leken the resist nee of Chiflr to exclude
other -middot tions middot nd n middotticnmiddotls nd to provide funds
nd munitions for further I ggression
li5 shy
This plmiddotn middots w~s the intention of soll~ rt le st
or its oripintors both on its economic rnd militry
side err dumiddot 11 cc me to embrce siuilmiddotr designs on
the remmiddotinder or ~-st si~ middotnd CCOPnio
LntGr it WS officibulllly exprnded into the
Gretcr E st middotsi- Co-Prosperity Sehemc ( a title
designed to cover up ~- scheme for completeJpmiddot nese
dominrtion of those -rcmiddots) -nd Jbullmiddotpmiddotn declmiddotred thrt
tris wbullmiddots tho ultimrte rurpose of the militcry
ocinpr ign
The sbullme org nizltions rs re mentioned in
Section 4 hereof were used for the ~bove purposes
SECTION 4
lrTHCDS CF CCRRTrTI(W tD C0RCINT Tmiddot CFH middotrm OTHltR OCClI~D T~RRITORI~s
Durin the whole period covered by this
Indictment succossive Jrpnese Governments through
their llilitmiddotry 11d nvrl commmiddotnders ~nd civilLn
(gents in Chinmiddot nd other territories which they
hmiddot d occupied or dt3signed to occupy pursued (l systemshy
r tic policy of wemiddotmiddotl-ening the nmiddottive inh-bitmiddotnts will
to re~ist by ~trocities middotnd cruelties by force nd
thre~ts of force by bribery nd corruption by
intrigue r mongst loo~ l poll ticirns nd generr ls by
directly bullnd indirectly eneourmiddotging inerebullsed proshy
duction middot nd importmiddotbulltion of opium nd other nmiddotrcotios
-nd by promoting the Sle nd consumption of such
drugs middotmong such peole middot The Jrpr- nose Govlt1rnment
secretly provided l 0 rge sums of noney which togotht
with bullrofits rroll thegovernment-sponsored tr~rrie
- 66
in opillll end other narcotics and othermiddot trading
ectivitiea in such areas frac12ere used by agents of the
Jananese government for all the above-mentioned
~urposes ~t the seme time the Japanese Government
was actively participating in the rroceedings of the
League of retions Co=ittee on Traffic in Opium and
other Dangerous Drugs and desrite her secret
activities above-mentioned professed to the frac12orld
to be co-operating fullj _with other meL1ber nations
in the enforcement of treaties governing traffi~ in
opiwi end other narcotics to which she was a party
This participation in end sponsorship of illicit
traffic in narcotics was effected through a number
of Japanese goverruiental organizations such as the
lenchurian Affairs Board the Chine Affairs Board
end the Southern Region Affairs Soard which were
combined in 1942 to form the Greeter East Asia
inistry and num-arous subsidiary organizations end
tradin~ companies in the various occunied end soshy
eelled independent (puppet) countries which were
ope~ated or su~ervised by senior officers or civilshy
ienjaProintees of the Army fnd the Navy
Further reve1Ue trom the above-mint ioned
traffic in opium end other narcotics was used to
finance the ~reparation for end waging of the wars
of aggression set forth in this Indictment and to
establish end finance the nuppet ~overnments set up
ly the Japanese overnmeht in the various occuried
territories
- 67 shy
SECTION 5
G-0YRL tgt- ~R TIt Fr1 middotR
Vtith a view to future wars of aggression and in
order to prevent other nations frolll interference in
her war cf aggression alre9dy in prog~ess against
China ~a~9n frorn 1st January 1932 onwards strength
ened her nsvel military nroductive End finenci9l
preperetions for war In particular but without
li~iting th0 above alle~ations
(e) t~VH
bout 29th December 1934 she denounc
ed the 1ashington lkvtl Treaty efter an
unsuccessful attenpt to persuade the other
Signatories to agree to a common upper
limit of global nrvsl tonnage for her own
obvious cdvvntege
bout 23rd J~ne 1936 she refused to
adhere to the London Nevel Treaty
On or about 12th February 1938 she
refused to reveal her nlbullVel building pl1cns
on request by the United St9tes Britein
~nd France
t rll times she secretly increased
her nev~l strength
middott Ell times end especiolly throughout
1941 she Made secret n~vrl plans for the
eurprise attacks which ultimetely toek
place on December 7th-8th 1941 on Pearl
Harbour Sngepore Hong Kong 11aye end
Sh~nghei Od for similer attacks on other
plscemiddots in the Pccific tnd Indien Ccens end
- 68 shy
and on the territocy of the Union or soviet
Socialist Republicsmiddot
(b) MILITARY
Japan continuall7 and progressivel7
increased the size of her arm7 not onl7 as
required for her war of ag~ression against
China but to a larger extent for the purshy
pose of other wars of aggression On the
6th April ~9amp9 she passed a general
Mobilization Law and tmreafter put it
into effect
(c) NAVAL AND MILITARY
Japan cont lnual 17 and progress i vel7
fortified th islands for which she held a
mandate from the League of Nations
Treat7 Articles violated 15 17
18 31
(d) PRODUCTIVE
Japan continuall7 ard progressivel7
increased her capacit7 tor the production
of munitions or war both on her Oiln tershy
ritor7 and in terrltories occupied or conshy
trolled b7 her to an extent greater than
was required for her war of aggression
against China for the purpose of other
wars of aggression
(e) FINANCIAL
The finance for all the above-mentioned
purposes was provided pa rtl7 through the
Budget b7 taxation partl7 by loans ani
partly from the profits of the exploit~ttons
bull - 69 shy
as described in Section 3 herect and
particular y of the sae of narcotics as
described in Section 4 hereof
SECTION 6
THE ORGANIZATIOll OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FlgtR WAR
Two provisions incorporated by ordinance or
custom in the Japanese constitution gave to the milishy
tarists the opportunity of gaining control over the
Governments which they seized during the period
covered by this Indictment
The first was that not only had ttw Chiefs of
Staff and other leaders of the Army ani Navy direct
access at all times to the Emperor but they had
the right to appoint am withdraw the War and Navy
Ministers 1n any Government Either of them could
thus prevent a Government from being formed or
bring about its fall after it was termed In Kay
1936 this power was further increased by a regulashy
tion that the Army and Navy Jlinisters must be senicr
Officers on the active 11st EG the fall of the
Yonai Government on 21st quly 1940 and of the Third
Konoye Government on the 16th October 1941 were in
fact brought about by the Army 1n each case they
were succeeded by Governments more subservient to
the wishes of the Army
Thbull seconi was that although the Diet had the
right to reject a Budget this did not give them
control because 1n that case thbull Budget of the
preceding year remained in force
- 70 shy
middotDurlnr thls middotperiod suchtree Porlie~cntary
lnstutiti~ns es preVi)USly existedwere rttdUnlly
stamped )Ut and a system simllti to the Fascist or
Nazi mooel introducedbullbullThis took derinite shllpe
with the f)rm~tion n 12th October 1940 of the
I11per1al_ Rule Asslsttnce AS9cintion am later or
the I11perlal Rule Assist~nco Political Society
Durlnr thi~ p~ri~ 0 virorus compain r inciteshy
ment to expansion was carried
on in themiddoteorlier
part t the period middotby individual writers end speakers
but rrnduolly this ceme to be orfanized by Government
artnc1es which elso stamped out tree speech tnd
writing by opponents ~r this policy A large number
t sctetics some secret wasalso rormed_both 1n
the Army end Nevy and amonr civilians with similar
objects Opposition to this policy wes also crushed by assassinations ~r lecding politicians who were
n)t considered surrtcicntly friendly to it ond by
rear end threats of middotsuch nssassinatioos The civil and especially the military poiice were else used to
suppress oppositi-m to the wnr policy
The educnti)nal systeos civil military and
nnval were used to ln~ulcate e spirit or totnlishy
t~rienis~ crgrcssion~ desire tor war cruelty and
hatred r ptential e~emies
Successive Japanese_ Governments from early 1n
1936 onwards cultlvcted close relati)ns with the
- 71 shy
totlitr-ri n iovers 1n Luro1gtc Germny rnd Itrly
which hrrboured simil~r designs in relrition to thmiddot
rest middotor the world to those of J~pn in relrtion tomiddot
--~st middotstmiddotmiddot ~nd the Indirnmiddot rrtd Tltc1t1o Ocerns bull
On ToveJ11ber 25th 1936 middotthey signed tli ntishy
Comitermiddotn Pc otmiddot--~ith r middot~e~ret middotJmiddototo~oi nd r Aecret
ilitry Trt1ty directed osmiddott~n~1t1 cgdnst tho U~i6n of Soviot cod11~t ~epubHca i-nci ccimmunis111
~ but ( oturlly designed ~ lso a ( prelude to joint
~gressivc rotion ~n rcnerr 1
v~rious countries under th domin--tion of middotxis middot - ~ -~ bullbull
Powers including the lUppot govrnments of Jnnshy middot1middot bull shy
chukuo _~nd th~ Nr nking Regime in Chinr wer~ degdmi ttlt
to the ~nti7Comintcrn lot
middotuust 1939 extensivE-negotitons werecondilctampd
between J~n r-erm~_ny_~nd Itr-ly rorthe estbullblishbull
ment ofmiddotn econoru9 politiccl bullnd militbullry cllince
On 26th urust 1939 Jmiddot prri throufh her rubrs~
a~dor in 1fshineton ssured middotthe United Stf tea of
Jllericr tht she hbull d decided to b~ndon ny further
negotirtions with middotrerlilny nd Itrlymiddot relctive to
closer rel(tions under the middot nti-Cornintern Jgtbullct bull
rrefoti- tions between Jmiddotpn nd middotGerm ny for the
esteblistmGnt of middotmiddotn econonic politicmiddot l ~nd milikry
pound111nce were resumed in July 1940
Between 13th middot_ugmicrost nd 22nd September 1940
rfterthe rmistice in June 1940 between Germrny
rntl the middotut~oritylimiddotter to be knownFs ths Vichy
1rovernmerit of Fr~ nee subservient to Germ~middotny nd
bullfter the occupction by Germmiddotny of 1( rge prrt of
- 72 shy
frr nee Japan inciuced and_ coerc~d the general gover
ment of Frenchmiddot Ineo-China to enter intomiddot agreements
with herfor mUitary end econ~mic concessions inmiddot
that country and especially the northern parttliere-
of On 22nd-September 1940notwithlltanding agree
ments aigned onthe samedey Ja-enesetroops
attacked French Inda-Chinese uni ts and were met thmiddot
strong re$lstance
en 27th Se)tember 194Q Japan signed the Trishy
Partite Jact vith Germny and ltaly middot
In theearly pert of 1941 Jepentaking advantshy
age or a bounclary dispute raised by heiland against
French Indo-China purported to ect es mediator or
erbitrator_therein butactually brdughtebout a
settlement unduly fevoureble to Thailand middotwith amiddotview
toobtaining heraidin or submission to future
aegression end atthe serre time madefurthermiddotdemands
for military and econonic concessions in French middot
lndo-China bull~be said settlements were finally conshy
cluded on 6th-9th imiddotay 1941
Collllencinlmiddot in the middotletter nertmiddot of February 1941middot
Jel)en and Ger111any conducted negotiations on the
subjept of oint Elli tary ction against middotlgtLgapore
and the territor~ of ot)ler Nations_
On 1st July 1941 German Italy and ell middot middot
Governments subservient to- them inother European
countries at the request of Jepan recognized the
so-called National Government of middotthe Republic ofbull ~
China
On the 12th July 1940 a Friendship Treaty bullmiddotas
signed between Jepan and Thailand
- 7J shy
7romJay to July 1941 Japan further induced
end coerced the general ~overnment or French Indoshy
China to allow Jananese troops to land establish
naval and air baaas end ~enerelly obtain control
over qouthern lrench Indo-China The main purose
on this occasion wee toprovide bases for aggression
directly against the Pritish Common-vealth or lTetions
end the Dutch est Indios and indirectly against
the United States of merica The said agreements
were finally concluded on July 21st and 29th 1941
on which date Japanese forces landed at Saigon
established navel and air bases end generally took
control ofFrench Inda-Chine
Throughout the ebove~mentioned dealings with
Freech Indo-Chine Je~en used the help or Germany and
Italy by coercion upon the Vichy Government cs well
es direct threats or ill6gel force to ettein her
ends
By way o reaction to this aggression and threat
tf furtheraggression the United States of merica
on July 25th end Great Britoin on July 26th froze
the assets ofJapan and Chinemiddotunder their control
rnd opplied other eoon01110 middotpressure agdnst Jcpan
On 25th Tovembermiddot 1941 Jsp1n renewed thlt ~ntishy
Oollintaln rgtect with secret clausesmiddot
Cn ormiddotobout tho let DecGL1ber~ 1941 Jopen
invokillP the Tri-ortite Poet requested Germany nd
Itcly to declare War on the United States after the
beginning of hostilities end tht1t a No middotseperilte
Peace Treety be entered into
On 5th December 1941 Jep4iressured the United
- 74 shy
Stetos ot merico thrt troop movements in French
I_ndo-China were Drecautionery masures
On December 7th-8th 1941 Jspen mPdesurprise
rttecks on territories ot the United States ot
merica the British_ Commonwuelth ot Nctions l1nd
Thdlond usin~ in tbe two latter coses French Indtgtshy
Chinr~ br ee s
Cn the 11th Deceiibcr 1941 Jc pen_ Germiiny rnd
Itrl signed to opbullrbull to Totce rr ct
On 18th Jiinurry 1942 middotc rili ter1 Convention
botween Jbullmiddotn~n cermrny bull_middotnd Itrly wrs signed in Berlin
From 19)6 to 1945 close milittr ncvtl econshy
omic nd diplomc tic co-oper~ tion rmiddotnd oxch nge ot
intormrtion were maintcfned between the r bove three
oountriea t the request ot ~ermnn Jpon trom
the b~ginning ot the wr on December 7th-8th 1941
rdoptcd the Germn polic~ ot r~thless submrrina
Wtrt~re middotnd the destruction or crevs or ships sunk
or o-ptured
By the thre~tenins middotrttitude bullhich Jrprmiddotn mdnshy
tc ined tro111 19)9 to 1941 grinst the Uni_ted Stmiddottoa
or bulliaeriobull the British Cocimonwe~lth otNtions
the Kingdom ot the letherlrnds no the Rerublic ot
Frnce middotnd trommiddot1939 to 1945 (g~inst the Union ot
Soviet Seel~ list Republics 1d by her incru- sing
oonccntrtion ot tr~o~s in regions oonv~nient tor
middotrttrcks Ul)on them she dirtctly bullmiddotssisted Germmiddotny
nd Itnly in their middotw- rs tginst those n tions even
while she rem~inpoundd nominrlly neutrrl
- 75 shy
SECTION 8bull
jGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION-
In the course of many years Japan was continushy
ally preparing war a11d performing11cts of aggressionmiddot
against the Soviet Unhn
bull bull1bull Having faHed ~ he-middot attempt Jo capturemiddot the
Soviet Far East in the period between 19181922 bull
Japan did n~t apan1on the idlao~capturingthe
Soviet areas situated east of theLake-Seykalmiddot
SincltJ 1928 the Japanese GereaJ Steff hld been
planning a war of egfressim against the Union of
Sbullviet ~ocial1~t Republics eager to take advantage
of a chance to start this waz bull
An importrt step ii- th1preparetion nfa war ~
of aggression arainst the Union of Soviet Sochlist1
Republics was t~El ocltupation_of lanchur1a~ 1931 _bull
which a~ we_l~ as KGrea was transformed into a mili 1
tary base for a1tacking the Unio~ or icvi_et SociRlist
Republics in a numbPr of years Railroads and_ highshy
ways vere constructe~ in anchuria after l93~ of
stratPgic importancmiddote and ran towards the frontier of
the Union of Soviet Sociali~~ Rep1bl1cs The -bull
strength of the Kwantung Army ha~ been jncreased middot ~~~ bull bull~ middot _~ J_~j -- --~
from twa divisions in 1931 to fifteen in l94~ bull ~ ~) 1 - ~
A great number of new airfields fort1f1e~ gt middotmiddotmiddot_- ~~middot~
areas dumps barracks sea and river ports destined bullbull bull ~middot bull i ~ middot t lt bull - bullbull bull bull bull
to serve in the war of aggression against the Unicn bull bull bull J bullbullbull - bull bull bull bull bull - ~
of Soviet Social~st Republics were built
In ~anchuria the war industry develop~d at a
fast rate Areas adjacent to the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics frontier were being colonized
- 6 shy
by Japanesereservists with the purpose of strengthshy
middotening the Kwantung lrmyat the moment of mobilizashy
tion Propaganda in the press b radio etc r
directed against the Soviet Union was carried on
111tenselr middotOn Lanchurian-territormiddot Japan organized
and supportedmiddot on a large middotscale ehments from lussian
emigrants hostile to theSoviet Union and prepared
them for hostilemiddotects againstthe Union ofSoviet
Socialist 1epublicsJapan systematically organized
armed middotolasheson the frontierand organized acts of
sabotafe-end terrortstmiddotacts onthe Chinese Eastern
Railroad
InJ9J2 Jaian twice rejected the proposal of
the Union ot Soviet Socialist Republics to conclude
a non-aggression pact
in 1938 Jlpan without declaring war attacked middot
th~ territory of the seviet Union at the Lake hassan
In 19)9 Japan again witheut declaration of war
at tacked the terli tory of themiddot ~middotongolian Peoplemiddot s middot
RepubUc en ally of the rrnion of Sovietmiddot Socialistmiddot
Republics at the Halkin-Gol Rlver (Naoanhan) and
engaged the ongolian Peole s Republic armybull and bull
its allied Red Ar11y bull In both cases Japan pursued the
aim of reconnoitrine themiddot strength of the Rad Jrmy bymiddot
battle and capturing strategic positions for future
war against the trnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
Having been repulsed twice and having sufferedheavy
losses Jmiddotmiddotpan nevertheless did notmiddot stop the preparashy
tiors fora sur~rise attac~ ~gainst the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics
hile Preparinl for the war against the Soviet
- 77 shy
Union Japan during several years carried on
negotiations with Hitlerite Germany end Fascist Itel
on a j~int aggression The principal stages in
this plot or aggressors were the conclusion of the
so-called Anti-Comintern Pact in 1936 and the sirnillf
of the Tri-Partite Pact or Japan Germany and Italy
in 1940 the aim or which was joint aggressive actio1
of these countries against democratic powers among
them the Vnion ~rsvviet $ocielist Republics
In ~rch 1941 while being in Berlin ror the
purpose of plotting with Hitler about e joint aggres
siort against democratic countries thedefendant
~tsuoka was informed by the German _goverllGlent about
preparations by the latter for war against the Uni~n
or Soviet Sociellst Republics s early as t_he
beginnlng or July following e conclusion of the
pact or neutrality on behalf of Japan on 13th April
1941 after the treacherous attack or Germany
egainst the Union or 9oviet socialist Ra~ublics
1atsuoka officially declared to the soviet Ambusedor
in Tokyo that the principal bas1s of the Japanese
foreign policy was the alliance with Germany and
that in case Germany addressed Japan with a request_
for tielp the J)ict middot of neutralty withmiddot the Utiioa ot
Soviet Socialist Republics would not present an
obstacle for Jepen to wege war on the side or
Germ~ny In accordance withthis the governing
militarist clique in lapen in the bullholecourse of
the buller betYlteen Germony end the Union of Soviet
Socialist_Re~ublics wes openly hostile towrrds the
~oviet Unionmiddot maintained a selecte3 arriy on the
- 78 shy
Soviet rront1ers end wes an orgrnizer or a widespreed
prorgrnda aea111st tho Soviet TTnion Jopan octively
helped ~itlariteGermeny providing her with
intormatiqn regording the un~n or Soviet S~c1clist
Republics orgonized pirote ettscks on Soviet merchtnt
shiplling in_ the Far Etat by closing straits estbullmiddotbshy
lishing prohibited zones tnd speciol limited wetershy
weys
To render help to GerlIEny J~ptbulln after Germsnyts
ettack egcinst the Union or Soviet Socielist
Republics in the S111111ler or 1941 doubled the strength
of her E1rmy in rnchuria nnd leter on brought the
strength of this irmy to r million men which necesshy
sitated mrintdning considerrble forces in the Fmiddotr
Eest by the Sevit Union inste~d of using them in the
wrr ig~inet Germnny
In the s0 me summer or 1941 Jfpfn v10rked out e
new Tll~n of surprise rttrck egeinst the Union of
Roviet Socialist 1epublics ~nd kept the Kwentung
Army fully prepred torsuch en cttock She w~s preshy
vented from it not by the poet or neutrality which
i s 1t llll Y be sampen from bove Jeuroptn diregrrded but
b)middotthe successes or the forces or the nnion of Soviet
Socirlist Republics in the w~r fgoinst Germany
SECTIC1 9
JATAfp lFlt TTlTITED S~TES CF fERJCbull TH cr1bullQ1TELTH OF TFE II IPrnns TI ft+ BltITISif cc MOELTH OF rJ TIONS
The whole of the other Sectiols or this ppendix
iro relevrmiddotnt to this Section rnd ere not ropectad
here
bull 79 shy
I
From 1931 until Lecember 1941 relctlons betwee1
Jopn middoton the ona Jr nd rnd the United Stotes of mer le
rnd Gret Brltcln on the other continuously detershy
lorotcd bacruse of Jrrr~s ~g~esslon in E~st ~sir
rnd duplicity in lnternrtionil neeotictlonsmiddot
The TTnlted Stotes of 11erioo rnd 8remiddott Britin
frecuently prctested thct J~prn s militory opehtions
were~ violtion of the provisions of the trecties
mentioned in Count middot2 hereof nd celled the ettentlon
of beth Chine md J~prn to their obligctmiddotions thereshy
under They ~1so declcred thct they would not recogshy
nize ~ny situmiddottion in ianchurlc or elsewhere brought
obout by violrtions thereof
J~pi-n in unequivoc-l tertlS grve rssurrnces thst
she h~d no territori~l mbitions in ChinL thrt she
would respect the open door policy in Chino In
spite of these c siiurbull noes she set up r -puppet
regie in lnchukuo nd proceeded to close the doer
to the TTni ted st tes of middotnericl End British tr11de
ffter tlte consolidrtipn of the linchurin posishy
tion Jln continued her ggressive policy in Est
sir in spite of ossurrncqs tht she hcd no terrishy
toriel ~mbitlons eouth of the Gret frll
The tnited 5tltes uid Grebullt Britdn 1ndervoured
to convince Jp n th~middott her bast interests lY in
perce but it wr-s cler from her Ctions tht she
intended to resort to force to gla neighbouring
countries end territories
During 1935 Jmiddotp-n incrasad hEr mllitrry nd
llfvrl strength middotnd undertook limited militrry
ctivities to extnd her damintion over Chimmiddot The
- 80 shy
United States of America and Great ~ritain continued
to draw Japans attention to her treaty obUgations
but this had no effect on her military activities
In 1936 the United States of America endeavourshy
ed to get Japan to agree to the principle of eauality
in commercial and industrial sp~eres and not to
resort to force to obtain preferential rights This
was also rejected by Japan
In 1937 Japan declared that the principles of
international relationship propounded by the United
States of America were consistent with her own but
qualified this by stating that the objectives could
only be obtained by an understanding of ~he particushy
lar circumstances of the East In 1937 Japan comshy
Ienced further military aggression in China and soon
thereafter the United States of America l)ffered her
good offices in the dispute and appealed to both
parties to refrain from war This ofter wes not
accepted by Japan and the appeal had no effect In
the same year Japan refused an invitation to attend
the Brussels Conference called under the provisions
of the Nine-Power Treaty On August 26th 1937
Japanese forces attacked cars belonging to the
British Embassy in China and on December 12th
attacked warships belonging to the United States of
AMerica and Great Britain on the Yangtze
At the end of 1938 Japan procl~ined her policy
of a new order in 3ast Asia end refused to ~ive any
unconditio~al assurance that the open dnor policy
in China would be maintained
Thereafter many interferences by Japan in
- 81 shy
Jtprnoso controlled territories with the rights or
the United States or ~Aeries end British netonels
took place end in July 1939 the United States or
America gave notice or terminetion or the 1911
commercial Treaty ~it~ Jeen
In September +940 after Japans military
alliance vi th Germany and Italy the United State
ot lmerica was forcedmiddotto place limitations on the
export of iron steel and raY materials to Japan
In arch 1941 conversations between the
Japanese ambassador in - eshington end the United
States Secretary or State took ~lace in an endeavour
bl the ~Tnited States to se~tle outstanding differshy
ences ano to reach a peaceful settlement ihile
these vrere proceeding Jepen continued at e feverish
pace to prepare for war At an Imp~rial Conference
on 2nd July the decision to advance southward
obviously directed against the United States of
America the Kingdom of the Netherlands end the
British CoAmonweelth was reached At a further
Conference on 6th Se~tecber it was decided to open
hostilities against the llited States of America
Great Britain end the letherlends in case the requireshy
ments ot Japan seemed unlikely to be realized by
B901B time clurinf tbe first part cf October On 1st
December a further Conference definitely decided on
war The decisions of the two lest-mentioned Confer-middot
encee were kept secret Cn 7th-8th December 1941
while negotiaticns were still proceeding Japan med~
surprise attacks on territories of the United amptetee
of Anerica et earl arbour of the British Commonshy
- 82 shy
weelth of Nations at Singapore elaya Hong Kong
and Sh~nrhai of the Commonwealth of the Philippines
and of Thailand She delivered no declaration of
war andmiddot to the ritish Commonvealth o~ Tations or
to the Conmonwealth of the ~hilippines no document
ot any kind To the United States of America she
delivered after the etteck a document which did
not end was not intended to cmount to a decleretion
of war
Stie entirslmiddot disregarded all the other Treaty
obligations r-ferred to in Counts 7 and 8 hereof
SOCTJCH 10
Tbe Netherlands ~ast Indies and tnemiddotPortugese
~ortion of the Islend of Ti111or were within the erea
coveted b Japm and described by her tis the Greeter
East ~sie Co-ProsNrity Sphere
In addition to thf general treaties binding
Jepan not to atteck these areas Treaty rticles Nos
20 and 21 refer respectively to these naticns in
terms Ja)en also rod a treat with the Hetrerlands
repardirP the ~est Indies which she denounced on the
12th June 1940 in preparation fer aggression
agai~st them At that time tre hom~land of the
Nethorlends had been recently and treacherously
()Ver-run by JrpaQ s ally Ger111eny end the Dutch
GoverrJJ1ent hbull d been corrpollcd to seek refuge in
ngland Thereefter Je_J n endeavoured to compel thrt
Government to agree toe new treaty on terms unduly
- SJ shy
fovcurable to Japcn but they wore unwilling to do
se The prcperet1ons of Jepcn fore general cggresshy
s1ve wcr in the Fer East included en intention to
invede the c~herlonds tost Indies The occupation
by Jbullpbullmiddotn or French Indo-Ch lna complete in July
1941 end the attecks upon territories of the United
States of tmcricc end tho British Commonwealth of
~rftions on the 7th-8th December 1941 were till prrt
of t plen which ircludcd t n inve sion of the Nethershy
lends r~st Indies This wes spcc1ficclly one of tho
d~cisions of the Jcponeso Imperial Conference of the
6th Se~tember 1941 Consequently the Natherlonds
Government irm~d1ately nfter the lest mentioned
cttacks declrred war on Jepen in self-defence
On tho 11th Janucry 1942 Jepcn invaded and
therefter repidly occupied the retherlcnds East
Indies
On 19th February 1942 Jepcn without ~ny
pretence of right or of eny quarrel vi th the itepublic
of Portugcl invRded ~ortugese Timor end occupiGd
it for the purpose of crrrying on her cggreseive
wcr egeinst ell the ~llied n~tions bull
ll4 shy
APPENDIX B
List of ~rticles of Trenties violated by JrponClld incorporcted in Groups One rndTwe
The Convention tor the Frcific Settlement of Intershy
nc-tion1l Dielutes sigmmiddotd t The Hegue 29 July 1899
The srid Convention wis signed nd r~tifiod
by or on behflf of J-n(n Cnd each of the ~ritions
middot britlf ing thf ct rrgcs in thfs Ind1 ctmltrnt subject to
oGrtotn rcscrvrt1ons not here motoriol
1 Article I
With P view to obvhting rs fr s possiblt-
recourse to force in tho rel~tions between Stctes
the Signrtory Powers rgree to uso their best efforts
to ensure th6 pecific settlcment of internitioncl
differences
2 Article II
In cesemiddotor serious disrgreemant or conflict
before tn bullmiddotppctgt 1 to rrciv middottlle Signr tory Yowers t gree
to middothrve reccurse rs fr rs circwnstbullnoes nllow to
the good offices or medi tion of enc or more friendly0
owers
The Convention tor the ~~eifio Settlement or Intershy
n~tionrl Usputes signed rt the Erguo 18 Ootobor
The sdd Convention ws signea nd rrtitied by
or on behrlf of Jrpmiddotn ~nd ec-ch of the nrtions bringshy
ing the Chfrges in this Indictment with the exception
or the United Kingdom rnd the Union of lgtoviet
Socirlist Republics a-ubject to eertcin reservtions
not here 112tcrimiddotl
bull 85 bull
trtiole 1
With c view to obvirting ~a for ~s possible
recourse to force in the relrtionsmiddotbetw~on Stntes
the Contr~oting ~owers rgree to use their best
offorts to ensure the pr oifio settlemcnt of lntarshy
nrtionrl differences
i rticle 2
In cnse of serious discgreenpoundnt pr dispute
beforc ~n ebulll to ~rms the Contrreting ewers
ogree to hi)ve recourse rs fer cs eiroumstnnoes
rllow to the good 01fioes or medirtionmiddot of one or
nore friendly nowers~
The Hegue Convrntioi lJo III Relmiddottive to the opening
of ~ostilities 1 signsd 18 October 1907
The sold Convention wns signed rnd rrtified by
or on bGhrlf of Jcprn rnd eoch of the notions bringshy
ing tho ohrrgo in this Indictment
rticle I
The Contrrctlng rowers recognize the t host11shy
1tie~ between thrimselvesmiddotmust not co=enoe without
previous Pnd ~xpl1cit ~rrn_ing in the form cltheuror cf
re~ soned declrrtio_n of w~ r middot or of en ultim tllll
with oondition~lmiddotdeolrrrt1cri of wtr
ierr~runt effected by cxohrngo of notes between the
nnitod st~tes bullnd Jrprn 1 signed JO November 1908 1
dGolnrine their policy in the F(lr 0rst
6 2 The Polley of both Governments unlnrlucncshy
ed by rny ~ggreee1ve tendencies ls Olrectod tomiddottho
ll~~JlAC~ ot th( cx1 stDe 41t-tus quo in tho region
f bove-mntloned nd to the defence cf fhe- J)rfao1Jlle
of ()quol opportunity for ciimmercend industry_in
bull 86 shy
Chino
7 3 They ere cccordingly firmly resolved
reciprocmiddotlly to respect the territoriel posssssions
belongint tc ec ch other in said r1agion
8 4 Thy rre clsc deterllined to preserve the
con11on interest or Fell Joyers in Chine by supporting
b~middot l )Citic nens bullt thsir dispos11 the independshy
ence fDd integri ty or Chin End the prinCiJ)l6 or
equel opportunity for cocrerce rn~ incustry or rll
nbullmiddottions in thrt Lipire
9 5 Srould ~ny event occur threrteningmiddotthe
st~tus ouo rs ~-hove described ormiddot the principle or eou~l o~~ortunit~ cs rbove derinedit reragtins for
the two iovernmcnts to coanunicr te with each otbcr
in order to rrrive ~t rn underst~nding es to whet
L1ersures thty mry consider it useful to tcke
The Convention ~nd ~inrl rotocol ror the Suppressio
of the buse cf rpillil nd other DruRs 1 si~ned et
The rbue 23 Jnurry 1912 rnd 9 July 1913
10 Tht sid Convention wrs signed nd rrtified by
middot or on bchr lf of Jrp n r nd ech of the n tions br~shy
ing the chmiddotrees in this Indictnent
Tt c Tremiddotmiddottv of Jefce between tha -bulllliod rnd bullssocimiddotte
Powers rnd GErmlt1ny I signed t Versmiddotillee 1 28 June
1919 known ~-s th Versilles TreEtY
Ii rticle 10 of the Coven nt of tho Legue of
Nmiddottions
The bullclbers of th Lagu undertbullmiddotke to rGspect
middotr-nd preserve bulls middotgrinst extern-1 -ggression the
tcrritoril inteigtrity middot nd existirw polltic-1 indeshy
Tendencs of ~ 11 Jbers of the ler gue In ctse of
any such aggraeaion or in case of any threat or
danger ot such aggression the Council shall advise
upon the Jlleen~ by which this oblitation shall be
tultill6d
12 ~rticle 12 ot the Covenant of the League ot
Pat ions
The lenbers ot the League agree that 11 there
should arise bateen them any fis~ute likely to lead
to a rupture they will subLlit themiddotmatter either to
arbitration or to enquirf by the Council end they
agree in no case to resort to war until three t10nths
after tte ewerd ~Y the arbitrators or themiddotreport by
the Council
l) ert1cle 13 of the Covenent ot the leepue ot
Netione
Tbe embers ot the League aeree that whenever
any ~ls~ute ehall arise between them which they
recognize to be suitable tor suboission to
arbitration end which cannot be satisfactorily settled by diplomacy they will subnt the whole
subject n1Stter to arbitration
Disputes es to the interpretation ot s tresty
as to any euestion or internati~nel law es to the
existence ot any tact which it established would
constitute a ))reach of any international obligation
or es to the extent end nature of the reparation to
be oede tor any such ireech ere declared to be
among those which ere generally suitable tor subshy
111~ ssion to erbitretion
For the consideration of any such clis ute the
eourt of arbitration to which-the case is referred
- 88 shy
~hall be the court erreed on by_ the rarties ~o the
disrute or stiuletec n any convention existing
middot between then
The middotemters or tlle League erree that they will
carry out in fuil ood taith eny av1ard thut iray be
rendered tnlI t~et ther will not resort tower I
against a ember of the league which COll)lies thereshy
with In the event of any failure to carry out such
award the Council shell rropose hhet steps should
middotbe taken to rive effect thereto
14 rtcle 15 of t~e Ccvrnrnt of tte leeeue of
Naticns
If there stould criss betveen embGrs of the
League any ciisgtute lHelJmiddot to lead toe rupture
which is not submitted to arbitration in accordance
with ~rticle lJ the elbers of the league agree
tJiat tJie will tutt the rntter to tte council
Any rortr to the lllsutc 11ey effect igtuch subuislicn
by Pivin~ notice of the existence of the dis~ute to
the ~ecretery-ener11l who hill reke ell nccesslry
arrange bullents for a full investiration and considershy
ation ttereof
ror this ~urncse the nerties to the disnute will
cc~middotaunicete tc the Secretary-Glmiddotnerel es rrolptly as
noeeible stetebullbullnte of their cesa ~1th all the
rtlGvent facts enc papers nd the Council ra foLth- middot
bull1th dir~ct the publicetion thereof
Tte Councl lF 11 nc1eivour _to effect a settleshy
ment of the diE-uts and if such Gfforts fre succoisshy
ful e statGmont ehll t1 ntgtdlt ublic giviie such
ftcts rd elJlanlt l onE rcr[)rdinc tlc disuto igtnd the
- 89 shy
tmiddoteramp1s or settlement therampcr s ttdeg Council EJ deem
s~~rorriete
Jr the dis~utc is not tt-us settled ~he louncil
either un~ninously er by G Ecjority vote shell mcbullEl
c-nd rublish e rellort contllinin tmiddot stcter-ampnt cf thamp
fects of tlo dis~utE bullnd the recorncndticns which
Pr~ deemed just rnd nroner in rcvrd thereto
Any middotmbcr of the Llt-egue rmiddotprcscntd on ths I
Council m~y P-~kc ~ublic e stcte~cnt or tho frets of
the disutc End of its conclusions rcgrding ths
s_fie
If rerort bmiddot the Colllcil is uncnifilously rgrscd
to by the lllbcrs ttereof ether thln the tcprampsampnteshy
tives of on_ er -ore ot ttmiddot rtics to the dispute
the Cecbers ot middot the Lru( bullerco thit they will not
go tc wpound-r Fi tl bullny i~rty to the disrutc which corshy
plics with the rccomntnd tions of tbr rport
If th~ Council r~ ils to re~cr reort which is
unr nirlously greed to b tt~ llCrtLtors thereof o thcr
ttn ttc llrescntitivcs or one or ore of the
p rtics tcgt tt disute t1 l-scbrs cf the Lc~guc
rltscrvc to thelIS-lves th rieht to tki sue bullcti_on
rs tlcy shrmiddotll _consi~cr nccess~ry for the llmiddotiritnbull ncG
of right cncI justice
-r ttn dis~utc bctwccn the irti s is clriracd
by one of thu1 ne is found by the Council to rist
out of ~ a-ttr Nhich by intcrntionJl l~w is solrily
within th~ doJiestic jurisdiction oi th~t pmiddotrty th
Council Eh 11 so rlcrt nd shJ l u- kC no recoshy
P--nd-tion -S to its- settlcnent
r Council JI ~middot ii ny c-- sc undar this
- cc- shy
rticle refer the dispute tc he Assenbly T~e
dlspite shall be sc rcierre1 at t1e recniest of
elt--er party to t1e dis)ute provided that su~h a
reouest be 1iade within fourteen days after the sushy
miss icn cf tie dispvte to the Council
In any case referredmiddot to the Assembl7 all te
provisions cf t1is middotrticle cnd cf Article 12 relat-
ing to the action a-d povPgts cf the Cciuntil scwll
apply -to the action and povrers of the Asser1bly proshy
vided that a report ade by the Assembly if con-
curred in middotbmiddotr the Representatives of those --embers
of t1e Leale re pres ted on the Counc 11 and of a
1ajorit of the othrr middotembers of t1e eaeue c~shy
~lus ive in each case of Representatives of the
parties to the tisputc shall have the saLe force as
a report by the Cou1~il concurrPd in by all the
fieiS thereof othEr than the Rerescntatives of
one or more of the ltJrties tc the disp1te 11
15 Article 22 oft~~ Coven~ntmiddot cf the League of
1-ations
Other peoples especially those of Central
Africa are at such o staJe that the ~ndatory must
be resgtons ible for the aduiis trat ion of the terri tor
urner contitions which wi l ruarantee freec)om cf
ccnscence nnd rel1 middotior SJb Je~t cnly to the ma1ntenshy
cnce cf pc1llJic order end ncrals the prohl1Jitin
of abses sue as t1-middot slave tracc tllc arns tra~ tc
an the-liuor rotfic and the prevent1gtn of the
establishment of fortifications or mllitnry am
na7al bases and of mil1tar trpoundinin of thL natives
for ither than police purposes and the defence of
territor and u1ll aisc secure ebulluai opportunities
- 1 shy
~ tht trrde net oonmcrc ot othr iombcrs ot the
Le~gu- Tter1 ~re tarritories such a South-Jcst
trio~ nd 011rtmiddotin or tho South Jrc1r1c Isl~ nds
hioh owilltl to the ep-rsoncss or their populmiddot tion
or their sror 11 size or their rcr10toness from the
centr6s er c1v1Uz-t1on or their googr-phiol oonshy
t1~middot11ty to the territory or t)s Lmiddotndmiddott_ory bullnd other
oircumstrmiddotnoos or n be best rmiddotdm1n1 starrd under the
l~ws ot th G l-nd tory s 1ntq_trbull l nort1ons or 1ts
territory subject to the s togur rds -_bovo-ncntionod
in the interests or the indigenous popul tion
16 bullrtiole 2J (c) of th~ Covcn nt of the Lemiddotguo of
rrtons
SubjGdegct to nd in ~ ccord nee vith bull the provisions
ot intern ticn middotmiddot l conventions existing or heremiddot ttcr
to bo middot eroed U1on th middotmlicrs ot the lergue bullbullbullbullbull
( o) will entrust tho le guc with thebull gonor l
supervision over the execution of middotgrccmnts v11 th
regmiddot rd to tt e tr trio in WOll3n middot nltJ children middot nd ths
trrric in oiun middotncl othilr d~nFcrcus drugs
Tht l-ndrt- frol tt Lemiddot rue of ~Tbullt5ons pursubullmiddotnt to
t1c Vcrsmiddot 111-s Trcbulltz irde bullt Gcnor 17 kccnbcr 19n
17 bullrticlc )
The lbullnd-tory shll see th t the slmiddotve trmiddotde
is prohibited bullnd th t no forccd lbullbour is porll1tttd
axcopt for esscntimiddotl ublic works ~nd sorvicos ~nd
then onlr formiddot dequ tc romunormiddottion
18 rticli 4 The 1111litc-ry tr ining cf the n t1veuros othtrvise
thmiddotn for ~urpseuros or int~rnbulll ~olioc middotnd the loc 1
- 92 bull middot
detonco ot th t1arritory sh 11 be prohibited
Furthermore no mllitbullry or rmiddotvmiddot l bsos shmiddotll bo
ostblished or tortitiotions orec~cd in the
territory
Tremiddotty botv1ecn th( British Ccllllonmiddot olth middotor n t10middot1s 1
Trnce 1 Jbullmiddotp n nrgt thlt Unitod Str-tcs or llmiddotmiddotric
middot relmiddot tin to thclr Insulr possessions nd middot~nsulmiddotr
pominions n the P-middot oiflc Ccebulln 1 lJ December 1921
The H rGmiddotti W s middotsiend ne rr tlfi1d by the
~ifn tory olcre
19 middotrticlc I
Th Hi~t Contrmiddot ctlne middotrtits grce is bltlt106n
thsmsolves to rcs)oct thdr r_ifhts in rel tion to
their insulr roescssions middotnt ineul r dorunions in
the middotregion o~ the 7 citic Dcemiddotmiddotn
It then should develop betwein ny of the High
Contrbull ctinr ~rtics bull controvCrs rising out or ny
- cific question middot nc involving their srmiddotid rights
thiih ii not smiddot tisf ctorily settled by diploti cy nd
is likely to bulltfect tho he raonlous middotmiddot ccord now hmiddotmiddotppily
subsistinc between ttcm they sholl invite the othir
Hh Contr~ctinr ---rtibulls to joini Contorcnco io
middot vHct tl~ hcl subjlot will be refrrcd tor conshy
sidermiddot tion nit middotdiu~tmnt
Identic Corrunicmiddot ticn ri-do to tb lfothrlmiddotnds Govzrnshy
ment on 4 Fzbrumiddotmiddotrmiddot 1922 on b~hmiddot 11 of thbull- ~middotritish i
Cornnonwe-lth of nmiddotmiddottions middot nd lso mutbulltis mut ndis
on behmiddot lt cf Jmiddotr-n nlt thamp othr --~~era signmiddot tory
to th -~umiddotdrunlr cific Tremiddot ty ot 13 Decltaber 1921
stmiddotmiddottes thbullt shy 20 Ths N1gtthcrbnds not bain sifO tory to tt smiddot fd
- 9~ shy
Tre middotty middotmiddotnci t_h~ Ncthrl nds possession in the region
ot-thc P~riific Ccern thErcforc not being includ~d
in the bullgrccmcnt ref~rred to His Britnnic t~J~stys
Govarnmrnt nxious to for0 stmiddot ll ny conclusion conshy
trmiddot ry to ths sirit of the Trcbullty desires to dGcl~rlt
thnt it is firml~middot r0solvcd to respect tho rights of
the Ncthcrlbullnds in rslmiddottion to ctr insulmiddotmiddotr posscdshy
sions in the region of the Pmiddotcific 0cc n
Idcntic Communic tien 11dE to the ortugucsG Govurnshy
mcnt on 6 Fcbrumiddotri 1922 on behlf of tho British
on b~hmiddot lf of Jbull T n nc th othn owers slpn tory to
the ~u-ar~lE Tclf4 c Tr0middotmiddottbullmiddot cf 13 Decu1ber 1921
stmiddottes th t shy
2~ ~ho ortuguesE not beinp signmiddottory to the s id
-Trebullty nd the ~ortusucsc ~ossess~ons in the region
of the ~~cific Ccc1n therefore not being included
in tte middotgreencnt rsLrrd to E Brlthnic middot jcity s
Government nxioupound to forEJst11 ny conclusion
ccntrbullry tc th fririt of the Trcmiddot t) desires to
acclmiddot re th middotj it is firrillmiddot rosolvcd to respect thfgt
rights of nortugmiddot 1 in rel tion to hor insubr posshy
sessions in th~ i-rion of th TLcific Ccern
Ttc rebull ty bftweon the TTnitcd Stmiddot tcs of lcricr the
Pritish Comcnvomiddotlth oftmiddotmiddot t0ns tlgiuM Chin-
Yrrnc~ Itbullly JmiddotTmiddotn the N~thcrlmiddotnas nd Portupmiddotl
concludedmiddot~~ ~igns~ t middotmiddot~shin~ton 6 P~brumiddot ~y 1922
~c 2middotmiddotid retmiddot wf siv1d middotnd rrtifLd b~middot or on
lmiddot lf cf TbullO-n middot ni middot ct 01 th~ n ticr5 brireine thlt- bull
ctmiddotrPt~ in ttls I~dictntnt ~Ith t~L czc~ption of th~
- 91 shy
Union middotof Sovi~t Sooiel1et Re1ubllcs middot
Article I
Themiddot Contractin~ rowers other than China
eereebull
22 bull ( l) Tu reseot middotthe sovereifnty the independshy
ence end the territorill adilinhtrstive integrity
ot China
2J ( 2) To )rovide ihe tullest and nost unem-
berraesed oportunity toCh1na tc develop end mainshy
tain tor herself en etteotive end stable Government
24 ( J) To use their middotinfluence tor the purpose ot
effectually establiehinv end oainteininq theprinshy
ciple of equal or~ortunity for the ooJllilerce and
industry_ of ell noticns throll eurohout tte territory of
China
25 (4) To refrain fron tekinf advantage ot conshy
di ti~ms in China in ormiddotder to see special rights_ or
privilegeft wh)ch wculd ampbridge the rights ot subjects
omiddotr _cl tizens of friendly States Eind- fror1 countenancshy
ing action in~ical to the security ot such States 9middot
Article II
26 The Contractin- ewers agree not to enter into_
any tre~ty eereeoent arraneementor understanding
either with one another middotor ndivltually _or collecshy
tively with any pwer or Tmiddotowers llmiddothicb wouid
infring~ or impair the p~inoiples stated in middotArticle Ir Article III
ntri th a view tomiddot eJl]lmiddotin~ more ettectuelly the
principles -Of th (lpen JJvOr or equality Of OJgt)Ortun-
ity in Chine for tte trade and incustry of all
nstions thP Contracmiddotting rovere other ~hen Chna
- 95
e~ee that they 111111 not seek nor sup~_t thelr
tesnective ne~ fone ls in seeUnr shy
27bull (a) middot Any errenfenent which rmiddotdrht -urrort to
establish in favour of their interests any general
suueriori ty of riftts 1th respect to comraerdal or
economic development in any desi_neted reeion of
China
28 ( b) Any suet oonoooly or preference as would
denri ve the m ti one ls of ani other --ower of the rieht
of undertaking any legitimate trade or industry in
China or o participitinif 1th the Chinese Governshy
ment or with any local e uthority in any category
or -public enteririse or which by reason of its
scope duration or geora~hical extent is celcushy
lated to frustrate the rrecticel ep-llcation cf the
principle of eual opportunity
It is understood tl~t te foreeoilf stipulationf
of this Article are not to be so construed amps to
Tgtrohibit the acquisition of such 1ronerties or
ri~h_ts as me~ be necessary to the conduct of a parshy
ticular cornrercial middotindustrial er financial undershy
takin or to the encourapoundeLent of invention end
research
Cbira undertakes to be gdcled by the rinciples
stated in tte foregon- stir-uletions of this ~middotticle
in dealinr wit-0 er-rlicetions for emiddotcononic rights end
privileges frc1 timiddot rcverll1ents end naticnals of t11
foreien countries whethEr partiEs t~ tha present
Article IV
29 The Cortr~ct~~ ~cr~~s BfrEe not to ~up~Qrt
eny agreements by their respective nationals with
each other designed to create Spheres of Influence
or to rovide for the enjojment of mutually exolusiv
opportunities in des1gnsted parts of Chinese terri shy
tory
Art1cldege VII
JO The Contrectin) ewers agree that vhenevr a
siturtion arise) hich in the opinion of any one or
thcu involves the cpplicit1on or the stipulations
of the present Treaty middottnd renders desirable disshy
cuSsion or suoh Epplioction thermiddot6 shall be full
snd frark oo6riuriio tion between themiddot Contrc oting
Powera co1oerned
Treaty hpoundtwe3n ttc United Stetes and JEllP-n signed
t middotmiddotrshinrton 11 Februry 1922
The arid Trecty wa3 sirned rnd ratiffod by
the 8fnstory rcbullmiddotrs
~rticle II 1
Jl The United StEtes end lts nmiddot tionals shall
receive ell the benefits or the cngagcuents of Jepar
defined in ~rticles J 4 ondmiddot 5 of the Eforesaid
lsndete notwithstmdin the fect that the United
Strtes is not e mcmuer of the Ls6gue of thbulltions
Ccnvsnt1on signLd ~t Gcnevr 19 February 1925
J2 Th sdd Convention wcs s1encd nd rtified by
or on bchnlf of Jbullmiddotpt n nd B[O~ of the nyt1ons bringshy
ing th1o chrmiddotregtcs in this Indictrrnnt with tho excepshy
tion of the Union of Soviet Soci~list R~1ublics
(bin i-ol middotthe TrJtsd StrtoF or raric bull
- 97 shy
~nericomiddot tbs Prssldent of the Gerrpoundmiddotn Reich Fls
Jejcsty the Yinp cf the Bleiens 1 the resi1font of
the Frrnch R=~ubl1c 1 Fis te 1esty the inmiddot of Grnegtt
~itPin 1 IrclFnd end the British Loninlons beyond the
SeM I Irm6ror of India His la jsty the r1n9 of
Itely 1 His Llt-jcsty theuro Ecurror of J~f)en the resishy
dent cf the ctqublic of PolPnd Lnd the Prcsident of
the Czochoslov=k Reuronublic 1 ccnclueed Lnd signed ct
Jrris 27 middotw-ust 1928 1 knorn ~s thE IbllOg-)ri1nd
Peet nd ~~ the ~rct of Pmiddot ris
The srid rebull ty YlS signed Pnd r-tified by the
1iill tcry obullsrs
lrtick I
JJ Thi lifh Contrcctng ~1rties 1101Emn~y deelcre
in the nr~es of their res~ctive peoplesJh~t they
condecn recoursemiddot to 1-middotr for the solution of intcr shy
nctionrmiddotl ccctrovcrsies ~ne renounce it cs en
instrllJlCnt of n tic _-1 policy in tbcir rlr tions
with -ons inctber
Article II
J4 The Rieb Contr(ctin~ Prties ogree th t th
settlement or solution of i11 disrutes or conflicts
of ~-hitevtr n tur or of hotevcr origin tbey ruy
sought except by pbullcific M~middotns
Dccl~r ticn of Irrpcrirl p~ncsb GovcrI11lcnt 1 27 June
1929 1 ccnccrning -~rticle I of the Kelloge-Pribull nd
Peet of 27 August 192
Th Impcrlr 1 lcv rnnnt dccL re thi t ttc
rhr soolog in tts nmiddotlltS of tt(ir respective
p01ks Pf-middotrin 1 rticlc J cf tt rrmiddot ty frr
- 98 shy
the Renuncif tion cf _ r sirncd rt rrie on 27
urust 1928 vicved in the light of th~ provisions
or the Impcribulll Constitution is understood to be
inrppliCbmiddot in so fmiddotr s Jrprn is concernecl
llG Convmiddot ntion rclbullmiddott~n~middot to l~rcotic Drugs shncd
rt Gcncv~ lJ July 1931
35 The srid Convention wbullssign~d -nd rrtifiad by
or on bchmiddot lf of Jcpn with r rcscrv tion s recorded
in th protmiddotocol cf sirn ture nc c ch of th n tions
brinfing the chrrecs _in this Indictiicnt with tro
cxcetion of the Union of SoviEt ~ocilist RG~ublics
Chinbull trc Cor-monwe ltr of tustr lir rnd Ncw ZDlrnd
Trc ty btveurocn Thilmiddotnd middotnd Jp nmiddot conccrnin~ the
continumiddot nc of frimiddot~ndly rJlmiddottions middot nc tho nutu 1
riscct cf emiddottlh others tcrritoribulll iptcgrity 1
Si1ned middot t Tokyo 12 June 1940
lhc sbull id Tre tr wmiddot s s~_gnec nd rmiddot tified by
the Sign tory rovcrs
trticlG I
3l nThE Fifh ContrbullcCinf Forties s~~ll nutu~lly
resnct ~-ch others territoribulll intqrity middotnd
hcrebmiddot rcrfflru the constrmiddotnt 1cce nd the ierpetuil
fricndship existin between them
Convention rcsnctin~ t~c ~irhts bullnd Duties of
reutr1 ewers ~nd creons in 1fmiddot_r on Vmiddotnd signed
~t Tho Hbull2uJ 18 OctcbLr 1~07
37- rtJcle I
Th trrltory of mutr l ~-mcs is inviolmiddotmiddottl
JR _rtiole II
- 99 shy
rcross the tG~tor of ~ ntiutrl ow1r
Treo-ty of Jortsraoutl- b6twEen Russfr -nd Jpcn
signod 5 Sertc~bampr 1905 which esttblished
Art1cl6 II (p(rbullerr-~h 3) 39 It is bulllso ~greod thmiddot t in crder to rvoid middotlJ
c~ usa of iiisunderstmiddot nc-ing the two F1gt Contrrct1ne
-rt1es wi11 -bstdn ontl6 Russo-Iorcin frontier
from tr11nv r-ny nillt ry morsur6s which moy mEnccamp
tte security of Russ1middot n or ~orern territory
bullrt1cle It (Pmiddotrts l bullnd 2) Ja~an ana Russia mutua~ly e~~age
40 ( l) To evmiddot cu te COll)lGt ely nd simultr neously
tmiddotbull nchlirilt1 eJCcpt thbullj territory rffected by the lcse
of the li~otun2 zcninsuln in conformity with the
provisions of middotcdition l lrticle I~ nnexod to
Trc ty bullmiddotnd
41 () To rcstors cntirtolt middot nd COl]lttoll to th
oxclusive dninamptr tion ofChin_ 11 rortions of
irnchuri nov in th~ occuo tion or under middottho coritrol
of the lqmiddotnGse or Rurs1middot1 troops Nitl th exception
of the trr1 tor bull b0vbull rn nt londl
rticlc IV
obstruct ny gcncr-middot1 nrsures cnmiddotmiddotmiddotJori to rmiddotll C0 1Lttr1es
vhicb Chin~ rnmiddoty t middot~ tor th lcvlorwnt t)f thv
coriflcrcs rid incustr~middot of gt nchu1middot1bull
I) middotmiddotn middotnJ -usbull ngmiddotp tbull xlbit thdr
- 1ot shy
44 J middotn nd Russi uutumiddotmiddotlly grec-not to conshy
struct in their rcsnectivu possessions on th~
Islrnd of Srghbulllicn or the middotdJ cent isl-nds ny
fortificmiddottione or other similmiddotmiddotr militrl works
They middotmiddotlso rrspectivcly cngg not to t l1 ~ny milishy
tr ry ncsures hch MY impede the free nmiddot vigmiddottion
cf the Strmiddot its o 1middot re rouse bull nd T rt ry
h onventfon on Elbodying P~sc hulcs of tho
Rclmiddotmiddottions bctweenmiddotJrbulln nlt= the Union cf Soviet
ltocilist Rr~ublics 1 srn~d 20 J nur 1925 in
rkine
This Conv0nticn wmiddots signed middotnd rmiddottificd by the
Ciflnmiddotmiddot tory rovcrs
rticle V
45 bull Tho High 0ontrbullmiddotcting ~ rtis soleMnl ffirm
thcr desire middotnd intention to liv~ in rbull~cc middotnd
bullmiddotMitr ri ti emiddot ch ottr scrupulcJsly to rspcct th1
undoubted rieht of Stmiddottc to order its oyn life
1dthin ts own jurisdiction in its own w~y to
rf frmiddot in - ncl rcstrr in bull 11 erson in middot ny govornshy
mentrmiddot l service for th-11 nd 11 or~niz7ticns n
rocir-t of middot O findegncirl rssiitmiddot rc~ fron them frou
middot~ny middot ct ovrt or covrt limiddotmiddotbl fr II) w~y whtcver
to enc1middot n1er the order middot nlt securitr n i n1 rmiddot rt of
thc tcrritoris cf T n n th nlol 1f ltcvivt
Socimiddotljst ~rublios
rt l f11rt~-1r middot ~rcrt1 tmiddot~ t n thtr ontrmiddotct~nq
r-~rty ~~ middot11 rsrr-middotmiddot bull_ t~1 middotr=f( n 1i tr - t-rrltorlis
undr bullts juri stl ctJ vi -- ( middotmiddot ) of c--n izmiddot t~c-re er
irouS pr-tn1ln~ tmiddot bi~ th CTOVcIlll1-lt iCr ~ny r- t
of ttf t~rritorier Gf tb~ ether ~rt~ or b) cf
- 101 shy
alien subjects or citizens who may be found to be
_actually carryinr on political activities for such
organizations or -bullro ups
The Neutrality act t)etween the TTn~on of Soviet
rlccialist Reublics and Tapan siuned 13 April 1941
This ~ect was sirned end ratified~~ the
Signatory rowers bull
~rti cle I
46 Both Contrecti 1g Iarties engage to naintain
peaceful end friendly relations between themselves
and mutually respect the territorhl integrity end
inviolabilit of the other Contracting Party
Article II
47 If one of the Contrectlng Parties becomes the
object of militar action on the part of one or
several other overs the cther Contracting Farty
will r~intaln neutrality during the whole ~ericd of
the conf 11 ct
- 102 shy
list of Lfficiel bullssuronces Violated by JIc1-~nd lncororeted Li Group One
25thmiddot Se~tember 1931 ~het JalBn rad no
territoriel desiens in renchuriamp
2 25th middotcvember 1931 That there was no truth
in the report of a Japanese edvancemiddoton Chinchow
J 22nd December 1931 Thet Chinese sovereignty
would be accented ~no that tre opei c-oor rolicy
would be nsntEned
4 5th Jenu~ r 1 1933 That Jaan hsd no territshy
oriel ellbitons s~ut~ cf Jhe Greet Well in vina
5 25th n~ril 1 1934 middotThat Jepan had no intention
vhatever of seeUn~ leciel privileuroPes in Cbinr of
encrcechire UOn the territorial snd administr11tive
integrit v of Chine or oI creating difficulties for
the bona fide trr-de of other countries middot1th Chne
6 15th uibullust 1 1937 That Janen harboured no
territorial designs on China enrl would middotsprre no
efforts in sefeuardin foreltn interest end r1hts
in Cina
7- Seterber 1937 That Jsren had peecetul
intentionB EJnn e lECY of -territorial designs in
Torth Chins
8 17th Fe_bruery 1 1939 That lfjpaa hid nc
terrl torlel designs in China nc that the occul)bt icI
ietrndnn uetl lU~-her_reP(bullristons_ th Geimiddot=ny 6ld
Itsl~ r~JttiYa t~ ~1 ser r~li-timiddot)ne wlticr tht i11tishy
- middot103 shy
10 l5th April 1940 ~hct Je~sn desired status
quo of the I-etherlands ~est Indies
11 16th ~ey 1940 That Japan had no rIEns nor
pur])ose tomiddot attack the Nettmiddoterlends East Indies
12 24th lerch 1 1941 Thft under no circumst6nces
vculd Jaoen ettacr the United States of 1oerica
Greet Dritein or th etherlancls est lndits
lJ 8th July 1941 That Ja~n rac not so fer
consfderec1 the middot~ossibili t~ of 1ifhtnf the Union
of Soviet Socialist Reublics
14 10th Tulv 1941 Thft Japen cont~plated no
cction rgoinst French lndo-Chne
15 5th middot~cerber 1941 Tht troop riovernnts in
French cndo-Cldna were precauticner1 meltlsUres bull
104 shy
AlPtmrx n
Incor~oreted in Group Three
The Laws and Customs of 1middotar ere established
pertly by tre ~rectice of civilized netions end
pertly by Conventions snd rseurances which are
either directly bindinn upon the parties thereto or
evidence of the established ~nG recognized rules
The Conventions end issurences hereinigtfter rentioned
in eny Prt of this ppendix will be relied upon es
s middothole for both iurposes only the nost leterial ~rticles being nuoted herein
1 The Convention o 4 d_one at The FFgue on the
18th October 1907 concerning the Laws and Customs
of igtr on Lend provides ( inter elie) as follolls
middotcccrding tc the views of the high Gonshy
trectinr- irties thes ~rovisio1s the drafting
of which hes been insrired by the desire to
diminish the evils of war so far ts military
requireoents perflit ere intended to serve JS
a gener~l rule of conduct for the bellirerents
in tteir reletions with the inhnbitants
It hes not 10VEVtir been found rossible
et present to concert stiulctions covering ~11
th circumst~nces lict er~e in rrctlce
Cn the other h~ne tts Eigh Contrecting
irtls clmiddotrly de not intcrd tlJ~t unforeseen
cses stculd in Gefult of written qre(llent
be left to the rtitrar) Cinion of milit~ry
- 105 shy
conms nders
r~ntil o nore ccmrilete c0deuro of th6 laws of
-tar clt-n be drmiddotwn up the Hieh Contr~cting
rrties dee~ it expedient to declPre thbullt in
c~ses not covered by the rules bulldopted by then
the inh~ bi t~nts ltncl the belligerents remr in
under the protGction ~nd governunco of the
princi~les of the lw of nr tions derived from
the us~~es ~stbullblished rmon~ civilized peoples
fron th1 1~ws of humnity middot-middotnd frou the diet~ t6~
of the public consci~nco
The RoguLtions sit out in the nn6x to the sric
Convntion 1tich for~s Tirt tler6of der 1 in
Section I witt Belliger6nts rnd risoncrs of middotcrrr in
qection II witt ao~tiliti(s ~na in Section III with
ilitrry middotuthority over the Territory of the Hostile
Stbullte
middotrticle 4 thereof in Section I provides (intsr
[li~) ~s follows
~r isoners of middotmiddotmiddot-r middotre in thEgt ower oI the
hostile Governmaat but not of th~ indivi6u~ls
or corps wlo cmiddot rture theuron middotbull
Convention lo 10 dcJ~ bull t th sr-r~ time nd
)lce concerns 1middotmiddotritime middotr
The _smiddot id Ccnvntions Yere signed bull nd rmiddottified
by er on ceb~lf cf over fcrt nmiddotmiddot tions including
bJ n middot na ebullmiddotcJ- o tho n~tions bringing t_he ch~rges
in this Indictment Eubject to C6rtrin rescrvtions
- 116 shy
not ere Rteri~l nd ttcus bec~ma rrt or evidence
cf the I~ws bull nd ~uetcms of middotmiddotmiddotr
2 Tho rore eonnlc te code of the I -ws of rr conshy
tenpl td by ttc s id Convention is contdncd iu
relmiddottion tc ~risoners of ~r in tho Inter~ tionl
Convention relmiddot ti ve to thc Trebull traent of risonors
of middotmiddotr done bullmiddott r-cnev on th6 27tli July 1929
(hertinrfter cbullllod the Genev Convention~)
lthoulI pmiddot n did not rbull tify thamp s id Convenshy
tion it bocmiddotne bindinr upon her for one or more of
the folobulling recsons
() It ws sipned on tho srid dmiddotte by or on
beh~lf of forty-seven n tions including
J middotmiddot n middot nu ch of the n tions bri~ging
the cr-rres in this Indlctmnt -nd
rrtified bJ over fdrty n~tions -nd thus
becmiddotmc nrrt or evitiLnce of the Lr~s -nd
Customs of r
( b) corm1uniclttion d ted tho 29th J~nur ry
1942 silned by 10GC Shigunori one of
the bullccused middot s For~ign l~nister on boh~lf
of Jp n ~ddresscd to the swiss inister
in Tokyo contr-incd the following stbulltement
middotlthough not bound by the 0onvention
r_1middot tiv to the Trtmiddot tment of ~middotrisoner~
of r middotJrpmiddotbulln will bullply mutmiddot tis
~1ltmiddot ndis the revisions of thmiddot t
Convcnticn to middotmericn prison~rs of
r In cocununicmiddot tion d- tesd on or - bout ths
- 107 shy
JOth January 1942 addressed to the
Argentine middotinister n Tokllo by TOGO
Shigenori one of the accused es Foreign
middotinister on behalf of- Japan it is stated
The Imperial Government has not yet
ratified the Convention of 27th July
1929 regarding the treatment of prisshy
oners of er They are not therefore
subject to the said Conventionmiddot None
the less trey will anply mutatis
mutendis the conditions of ihet Conshy
vention to English (enedien iustrelmiddot
ien end Jew Zeeland prisoners of war
in their power bullmiddotbull1th regard to suppl
of food and clothin~ to prisoners of
war they will consider on condition
of recinrocity national and racial
custous of the prisoners
By the said comr1unications or one of them
Japan acceded to the seid Convention in
accordence 1dth rticle 95 thereof and
the state of war then existin~ gave inmedshy
iate effect to such accession
middot (_c) The said comiunicetions constituted assurshy
ances to the United States of merica the
United Lingdor1 of Great Britain and North~
Irelane Canada ~ustralia ampnd iiew Zealan
to whoee governments the said coumanicetio
were intended to bb end Nere repeuted by
the raspectivemiddot~ecipients thereof adin
each case to ell nations who were at war
- 108 shy
with Japan
Except in the said natters there are no proshy
visions of tte said Geneva Convention to which the
expression mutatis mutandismiddotbull could properly be
applied
J The International Convention for the meliorshy
ation of the londition of the tmiddotounded and S1ck in
~rmies n the ~ield done at Geneva on the 27th July
1929 ( known as and hereinafter called I the Red Crost
Conventionbulll provides (inter alia) as follews
rrticle 26 The Corunenders-in-Chief of bellig
erent armies shall arrange the details for
carrying out the preceding articles as well as
for cases no~ provided for in accordance with
the instructions of their respective Government
and in conformity with the general principles
of the presampnt Convention ~
Japsn was a party to the said Convention
together with over forty other nations which ttus
becane art or evidence of the lavs an~ middotustorns of
ar In the above-mentioned coilllunicrtion deted on
or about the 29th January 1942 Japan stated
Jspon obs1rves strictly the Ganeva Convention
of 27th July 1929 rulstivs to the R~d Cross
as a state sign1tory of that Convtntion
cAommunicetion dated tblgt 13th Februar 1942
l~ shy
signed by TCG0 1 Shigenori one of the accused as
Foreign l-inister on behalf of Jspe_n addressed to
the swiss Jlinlster in okyo contained the_followlng
statement
The Imperial Government TAill apply during the
present war on con~ltlon of reciprocity the
provisions relative totbe treatment of prisonshy
ers of war of the 27th July 1929 to enemy
civilian internees as fer as applicable to
them enc prQvided that labour will not be
imposed u~on-them contrary to their free choic~
The said communlcetion constituted en assurshy
ance to ell the nations et wer with Je~an (who in
fact carried out the provisions of the said Convenshy
tfon es aplice ble to Jaamiddotnese clvi lien internees)
other then tra Republic ef Chine
The above-mentioned assurances were rereated by
the_ Japanese Foreign inistrymiddot on several occasions
as r~cently as tne 26th i-ay 1943
Epound~cbull11ns CF B1E~CrEs shy
All the offences are oreeches of the Laws end
Custolls of er in ec1dition to end es proved in
pert by the several -~rticles of the Conventions end
assurences specifically nentioned
SEClION NJE
Inhumane treatment contrary imiddotn each ease te
Article 4 of the said Anne_x to the said RagJlbull Conven
- 110 shy
tion end the whole of the said Geneva Convention end
to the s~id assurances In addition to the inhumane
treatment alleged in SectionsTwo to Six hereof
inclusive which are incorporated iri this Sacti6n
prisoners or war end civilian internees were murdere~
beaten tortured and otherwise ill-treated and
female prisoners were raped by members of the
Japanese forces
SECTICN TWO bull
Illegal employnent of prisoner of war labour middotcontrary in each case to rticle 6 of the said Annex
to the said Hague Convention end to ~art III of the
said Geneva Convention end to the said assurances
The said emuloyment was illegal in that
(a) prisoners or war were enployed on work
having connection end direct connection
with the operations of war
(b) prisoners of warwere employed on work for
which they ere hysicelly unsmiddot~ited and
on ~1ork which was unhealthy end dangerous
(c) the duration of daily work wee excessiye
end rrisomiddot1ers middot I-ere not allowed rests of
twenty-four middotconsecuti va hours in each week
(d) conmiddotditions of work wer rendered more
arduous ty c1lsclplinery measures
(e) prisoners were kapt end compalled to work
in unhce lthy cliretEgts end dangerous zones
end without sufficient food clothing or
toots
- 111 ~
SCTI CN Tl-R EE
Refusal sne ftbullilure to raintaln prisoners of
wer contrary tomiddot Article 7 of the said Annex to the
said Heeue Convention and ~rticle 4 end Pert III
trticlai 9 - 12 inclusive of the said Geneva Convenshy
tion and to t~amiddot seid assurances
C~ine to differences ~f netionel and reciel
custo~s the food end ~lothing supplied to the
la~enese troops were even when supplied to rrisonerr
of wor belonging to the white races insufficient
to tiointsin them Adequete food end clothing were
not SUP lied either in ecc9rdance with the said
Conv3nt1ons or the said essurences
The structural end sEnitary conGi tion of the
cc~ps end labour detachments f~iled entirely to
COR)ly with the stid ~rticlee and Yltse extremely
bed unhealth~middot end inadequate
Yashilll ent drinking facilities were inEdequete
end bed
S~TICN FCllR
Excessive and illegal punis~ment of risonars
of war contrery tq Article 8 of the said ~nnex to
the said Hague Convention end to rert III Section
V Chapter) of the said Geneva Convention and tc
the said assurances
(o) Prisoners of ~er ~ere killed beaten and
tortured vithout trial or investigetion of
any kind for alleged offences
(b) such uneuthorlzed punlsbments ware inflict
ed for alleged offences wtlch even if
- 112 shy
proved were not under the seid Conventionis
offences et middoten
(cl collective punishments were imposedmiddot for
individual alleged offences
(d) priscners were sentenced to punishment
more severe then imprisonment for thiity
days t9r stteQpting to escape
(el conditions ot the trial ot prisoners did
not conforn to those laid down in the seid
Chapter
(f) conditions ot lllprisonm~nt ot prisoners
sentenced did not conform to those laid
down in the said Chapter bull
sectCTIlt JrIVE
istreetment or the sick end wounded meicsl
personnel end ferale nurses contrary to Articles 3
14 15 end 25 of the seid Geneva Convention end
rticles 1 9 10 end 12 ot the seid Jee Cross Conshy
vention end to the said assurences
(el Officers end soldiers who were wounded or
sick medical personnel chaplains and
~ersonnel of voluntary aid Societies were
not respected or protected but were
murdered ill-treated end neglected
(b) medical personnel chaplains and personnel
er voluntary aid Societies were ~rongfully
retained in ~apenese hende
(cl female nurses were raped L1urdered and
ill-treated
(d) camps did not possess infirmaries and
- 113 shy
seriously sicJt prisoners ena those requirshy
ing illportant surical treatrent were not
edmittea to ~iliiary or civil institutions
qualifieG to treat them
(e) monthly t1edical inspections were not
arranged
(f) sick and wounded prisoners were transferred
elthou~h their reccvery-was prejudiced by
their journeys bull
S-0CTJO SIX
HuniIiation of prisoners of war ampnd especially
officersi contrary to trticle 8 of tha said Annex to
the said Hafue Conveurontion ana Articles 2 J 18 21
22 and 27 of the seid Geneva Convention and to tbe
seic assurances
(a) Prisoners were aeliberctely ~ept ana nade
to work ~n territories occ~riea by Japan
for the purrose ormiddotex~osing them to thb
nsults end curiosity of the inh~bitants
(bl prisoners in Tapen and in occuried tershy
ritories including officers were compelshy
led to orlt on rampnial tasls and exposed to
l)UbUc view
( c) officer ~r isoners vere -clacect rnaer the
control of ron-commissionea cifictrs and
private soldiers end oonp llLd to selute
them sr6 to wort
Refusel or feilure to collect en trensrnit
- 111 shy
informrtion rrerdinf rrisoners (fmiddot war end rGplies
to enquiriGs on tto subject centrer~ to trticle 14
of the seid Annex tc the seid Pague Convention end
to ~rticles 8 eqd 77 of the seid rsneva Ccnvention
and to the sEid assurances
Proper records were not kept nor inforfileshy
tion supplied es requirLd by the said
rrticles and the riost lmpcrtFnt of such
records as vorc kept were delibLrotely
distroyed
S~CIO rmiddotyenJ
Obstructions of the rirhts of the rrotectine
rowers of RLd Cross Socioties of prisonors of war
end of thair reprcs~nt~tives contrary to rticlc 15
of the seid bnncx to t~e s~id Pcfua Convention ana
t~ lticles Jl 42 44 78 Ln~ 86 of the said cneva
Convention end t9 tho said assurances
( o) The rrnrc sntti vcs of tha bullrotectj ng
Power ( Svd tZerlind) viere refused or not
rrsnt(d pmiddotroission to visit camns rnd
access to premises occupiod by prisoners
(b) vhcn suet rornlssion was gr11nttd ttr were
not allowod to hold conversetion with
prisoners without witnesses or ct ell
(c) on such occasions conditions in eo11ps w_r
dcc(ptively pr_pbrod to apbullepoundir btter thin
nor~1~l rnC rrisomrs wrr thrsttoned with
punishment if thy cornrleincd
(d) prisonErs ampnd th~ir rcprasant~tivss weru
not ellowGd to lllku complaints rs to the
- 115 shy
neturv or -their work or otherwhe or to
correspond rreelmiddot with the nilitery eit~iorshy
ities or tle rrotectin owampr
(e) Red CroEs ~ercels end nail were withheld
Erlloyinf ~oison contrary to the _lnternstionsl
Declaration resiiectin7 Asr-hyxistinf (bulleses siened by
( inter elia) Japen Pnc China st The Hague on the 29th
July 1899 and to ~rticle 2J(a) or the said Annex
to the said Es~ue Convention ane to ftrticle 171 of
the Tremiddotety otmiddotVerseilles
In the w~r~ of Japan ereinst the bullbullerublic
of Cline poison gas was lSed- Ttiis
elleretion is confined to thetmiddot country
smiddotcrr0r~ Tirr
illine enemies who tsvn laid down their
arms Qr no longer tevinr 1esns middotf defence had
surrenderec et discretion contrerr to ~rticle 23( t
of ~he sdlt Annex to this soid Eemiddot u~ Convention
Destruction or cneri rogterty without mlliterJ
Justificeticn or necessit~ end rillege contrary to
rticles2J(1d 2~ end 47 of the seid Annex to tbe
said Haguu Conventic-n
Failure to resrcct iani~middot honcur ed rights
ind V iduel lifEJ r-r1vE ti procrtr end rclifOUS
- 116 -middot
convictions and worship middot111 occ11phd territories and
denortation and ensl~vement ot tte inhabitants
thereof contrery to flrticle 46 or th~ said nnnex to
the said llegue Conventionmiddot end to the Laws end Customs
ot er
Large numbers ct the inhabitants ot such
territories were murdered torturto~ raped
End otherwise ill-treated arrested and
interned without Justificationmiddot sent to
reread labour ano tlir property destroyd
or cont1scotcd
SECTIC~ FT~T
E1111111 survivors ot shipsmiddot sunk by neval action
end crews of cspt11rd snirs contrary to rtich 16
ot irefrue Convention rro io ot 1907
Failure to rcsp0ct ~111tary hospital ships
contrary to ftrticle 1 01 the lEFt-mention0d Convenshy
tion and unleltul use of JamiddotJcnce bosPi ti l ships
centrer to trticles 6 ~ne 8 theraor
XTI crbull PTTn
~ttacks and especially ampttecs ~ithout due
wirning ution noutrl ships
- 117 bull
Statement of Individual Responsibility for Crimes Set Cut in the Indictment
The stetenents hereinefter set forth following
the nerle of each individual Defendant constitute
matters unon which the Frosecution will rely inter
elie as establishin~ the individual responsibility
of tbe Defendants It is charged against each of the Defendants
that he usad the po-er and nrestige of the position
which he held end his rersonel influence in such a
manner that he pro~oted and carried out the offences
set out in each Count of this Indictment in which
his name ap~eers
It is charged against each of the Defendants
that during the periods hereinafter set out against
his nnle he was one of those responsible for all the
acts and omissions of the various Governments of
which he bullas a member and of the various civil
military or naval organizations in vhich he held fl
position of autbcrity
It is crargad against each of the nefendants
as sho~n by the nurnb6rs fiven aftisr bis nalle that
he was ~resent at nr ccncurree in tte dacisions
taken at sole of the conferences end cabinet reetings
leld on or about tte follovinf dates in 1941 which
decisions prepared 1or end led to unlawful war on
7th8th Dece~ber 1941
1 25th June 1941 (Liaison)
2 26th June 1941 (liaison)
J 27th Junt 1941 ( L1a1middotsmiddotcn)
- 118 shy
4 28th June 1941 (Liaison)
5 )0th June 1941 (Supreme Yor Council)
6 2nd July 1941 (Imperial)
1 7th August 1941 (Thought Control Council)
s 22nd August 1941 (Cebinet)
9 6th September 1941 (I1rp6r1al)
10 17th October 1941 ( x-Ireniers)
11 26th iovcnber 1941 ( Liaison)
12 29th 1ovember 1941 (x-Prenier s)
1) 1st December 1941 (Imperial)
14 1st Decenber 1941 (Cabinet)
ARAKI
The Defendant ARAYI bet~een 1926 and 1945 was
amonr other ~s1tions held- Chief of General Affe1ri
Department of the ~ffice or Inspector General or
111tarr Training ( 1931) lin1ster of er under
Inukai end Seito (December 19)1 to July 19)4) e
full General (19))) ember or the Supreae Yer
Council ( 19)4 to 19)6) ember or the Cab1nt
Advisory Council on China (19)7) dacetlon dnister
under ronoye soc then under vrv111middot~ (ley 19)8 to
August 19)9) iember or thE Cabinet ~dvisory
Council (1940)
he D6fondent rc1-nmiddot 1 1 between 1928 enl 194S
we s enoni- other pr id t lone t e 1 d - ColllLlander of the
Special Service Section ln 1snchur1s (September
19)1) Peyor of ukdn ( 5pter1ber to Cctobcr 19Jl)
attached to heedlt1ucrters lwentunr Army ( 19)))
- 119
Chiet Adviser to the rortt China autonooous Govarnshy
111ent Colllllnc5er-in-Chlef reienese 5th Jrri Janchurie
(1938 to 1940) Suprene 1middoter Councillor (1940 to
1943) Inepector Qenerel ot 1111tery lvietion (1941)
tull renerel (April 1941) Cmmendemiddotr-in-Chiet
Eestern Army in l11en (1943)_Ciu1Snder ot the 7th
Aree 11r1111 et Slgeriore (1944 to 1945) Inspector
renerel 111tory Trelninl (A~ril 1945)
Conterenoes- s
he )efe1~dent ~middot~~rITI between 1928 and 1945
was erionmiddot other Gsitions held- etteched rmy
Cenerol Steff Cl9JJ) retired fro-n Army (Pebruery
1936) author cf Iecleretons cf E~gtFr OTO iingoro
(1936) re-entered the Army (1937) commended en
rtillerr Pegillent et the Ree cf llnmiddottdn (1937)
in corlland of Jeranese forces which shelled the
ladybird and the -aney (1937) author of a l~rge
number ot books articles in ~lc iragezine Tai ye
Dd tippon en6 oter rublicE tions end ~utlic
speeclef ell advCcting agrress~ ve wEirfere member
of e nu~ber of societies fer the 1nst1get1on of army
control over ~~11tics end furtherance er er~ressiva
~1erfre proroter of e nunber o lets designed tcshy
renove poll ti clans lti oft lcers Ylhoo he did not
consider sufficiently eecreiEve middote frunder of the
T~~~ (194n) elected to the Lcwer rouse of the
fjit 1194)
- 120 shy
The Detendent f beheen 1928 and 1945 was
aronr other CS1 t1ons held- D1v1s 1onal Colllander in
l-encbur1 (1933) Chlet o ~rmy ~v1at1on Department
( 1935) C=ander or tts Taiwan trmy ( 1936 to 1937)
Inapector reneraLet bull111tary Ecucatlon and L1eJ1be~
ot the S1~1rene tar Council ( tugust 1937 l a full
General (Februa~y 1937) Colroander-1n-Ch1et of the
Jltxped1t1onary Force in Central China (February 1938)middot
ember ot the 3uDrez-e bullmiddoter Council ( January 1939l
middot-er llinlster under be ( ugust 1939 to Januery 1940)
Ccmmander-1n-Ch1et ot the ~xped1t1onary Force 1n
Central Chna (Tuly 1940 to 1944) iel6 lershall bullend ember of the JloCrd ot Jarshele aad d1irels
(June 1944) Insgtector General ot 111tery Sducetion
(Novenber 1944)
PIR 1~
he Defendant -1 middot r between middot1928 end 1945
was among ctler nositlons held- Founder ot the
Yokuhonsta end resident frcir 1926 to 1936 Vice
resident ot Jrlvi Coulc11 (1930 to 1936) rresldent
ot r1vy Council (1936 to 1939) rrLe nnister
( January to middotugust 1939) 1-lnister middot1i thout -middotortfollc
under Konoye and tor a time Eome inister and later
V1ce-remier (July 1940 to Cctrber 1941) ie~ber of
~bought Control Council ueust 141) ires1dent
rrivy Cou~cil (1945)
Conferrnces- l234b7612
- 121 shy
The Defendant PIROT between 1928 end 1945 was
eronr ether Oitlons held- mbeesedor to the Union
or2ov1et Socialist Re~ubl1cs (19JO) Foreign
l~in1eter (Septenber 193) to July 1934) under Saito
end F-ro111 July 1934 to 1arch 1936 under Okede Pr1me
Unister and tor a tine Forei11n i-anitter concurrentli
Wsrch 19)6 to February 19J7) Foreign Jinister under
Yonoye (June 1937 toay 19J8) et1ber or tM
Cabinet middotdvisory C1uncll (1940)
Conrerences- 1012
lOliWO
The Derendent rcsrrrc between 1928 end 1945 bullas snonr other rositions h~ld- Chier General middotrrsirs
Puresu of the Finance Derartment ofbull the i-Snchukuo
Government (19J2) Chief or ~enersl middotrrairs in the
P1nsnce Inistry o anchulrno ( 1934) Vice anister
Finampnce in the ~middotencl ukuo ~cv~rnment ( 1936) Chier
renual ffairs uruu in tho ational middotrrampirs crric
or 1middotanchukuo ( December 1936) Chief of roneral
bullrreirs in lanctutuo (July 1938) =resident or the
Ilannnr Peard enc later 1n1ster without gtortfolio
under l~onoye ( July 1940 to rrll 1941) Chiampf
secretary and Iinieter or 3tate under TClC ( Cctcber
16th 1941 tc July 1944) dviser tc Finance inietrj
(December 1944)
Ccnfersncee- 1114
ITGH
The Defendant IT 11middotI botween 1928 end 1945 wes
- 122 shy
among other rositions heldbull full Colonel 1wentung
Jrm (1929) l~jor General i~wentung trny (1932)
Vice CUet of Steff Kwentung ~rllJbull ( 19J4) Coiunender
5th Division in ~hine (arch 1937) Chief of Steff
1wantune rmy (1936 to 1937) attached to Headquarshy
ters General Start (middotay 1937 ar lln1ster under
Yonoye end HI1~1lJ~ tror~ Jule 1938 to -UpoundUSt 1939
and concurrently resident of the Ianchuriari middotrra1rs
~ureau of the Cebinet Chief of Sterr Japanese middotrmy
in Chine (Se~tember 1939) full General (July 1941)
Commender epenese ray in Iarea (July 1941 to
1945) Uunber of ~upreme imiddoter Council (1943) Comshy
Jlllnder 7th middotrea middotrm in ltin~epore (pr11 1945)
Y The Defendant rmiddotvmiddot between 1928 anamiddot1945 was
among other positions held- yhiet Secretary Finance
Uinietry (1934) mnister of igtinence t June 1937 to
ray 1938) under Konoye on the middotdvieory Ccmmittee
China middottteire lloard (J9J9) resident North China
Developrient Company (19J9 to 1941) P-inence linister
under To-c ( June 1941 to February 1944l Director
IR gtS (1944)
Conferences- 11121314
ICIDO
the Defendant LIDO between 1928 end 1945 wee
among other positions bald- Chief Secretary to the
Lord hampeper of the Priv~ Seal (19JO) Education
Minister under Ionoye ( 1937) Velfare -iinister under
Yonoye (1938) Home Iinieter under hIR PUil 11939)
- 123 shy
Lord Keeper or the Privy Seel (1940middotto 1945) chief
oonfidentiel advisor to the Lmperor and presided et
meetinrs or Ex-rreciers
Conferences- 1012
KU~tR
The Defendant 1I1JR middot between 1928 and 1945 wu
eMon11 other CS1t1ons ~eld- Chief or Starr 1wantung
middotrmy ( 1940) Vice er linister under 1onoye ampnd TCJO
(1941 to lebruer- 1944) lirnber uprece er Council
(194)) Commflder in Chief Japanese rmy Burma
(1944) full General (1945)
YCISC
The Defendant KCISO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- Director lilitery
middot ffairs flureeu of tl6 iar linistry (19)0) Vice
War inister und-er Inukai ( 19)2) Chief or etaff
Ywantunr middotmiddotmiddotmy (19)2 to 1934) ColllilBnder Jenampnese
middotrcy Korea_ (19)5 to 19)6) a full General (19)7)
Overseas inister under BI l1 (19)9) end under
ona1 (1940) Governor General 1oree (Iay 1942)
rime l1nlstir ( uly 1914 to pril 194S)
~TSbullTI
The Defendant ~~TstI between 1928 and 1945 was
8llOilF other rosltions heldbull Re)resentetive of the
Japanese ~rmy at the Geneva Conference (19)1) 1lerober
of the upreme iar Council (arch 19))) a full
General (19JJ) a founder of the Greater ~est Asia
Society (19JJ) Commender-in-Chief Japanese forces
- 124 shy
in Centrel Chine (Cctober 1937 to February 1938)
Hember ot the Cabinet dvisory Council (July 1938
to Januari 1940) Adviser to the Asia Pronotion
FeGeration (1940) Aeviser to the rreeter East Asia
Affairs Section or the r~~J (1943) rresident or
the Creater East Asia Davelopient ~ociety (1944)
lllSTCYA
The Defendant middotrSTTCJAbetween 1928 end 1945
was erJOlF other Ositions held- cier Delegate to
the League or etions ~ssembly ( 1933) ~resident ot
the 1-outh lPnorurien =teilwer (19J5 to 1939) Hember
or the c~binet bulldvisory Council (1940) Foreign
linister middot under onoye ( July 1940 to July 1941)
author ot ~show Restcretion (1938) end other books
end articles and ~ublic speeches advocating aggresshy
sive warfare
Conferences- 12~346
rn~bull1t
The Defendant INt~ between 1928 end 1945 was
P~ong other ~ositions held- Commander Japanese
rm Korea I1929) Ver iniampter under bullTekatsulci
(l-ril 193_1 to Lecember 1931) 5uprame 1er Councillor
( 1931 to 1934) Coanender-in-Chief Kvantung rmy
( 1934 to 19J6) Governor Cenerl of 1oree ( 1936 to
1942) Jenber or tle rmiddotriv~ Council ( 1942 to 1945)
~resident or the l~liticel tssocietion of Greet
Taren (1945)
- 125 shy
tTO
The Defendant lUTO between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held- Instructor et the
ilitsry lttoff College (19)0 to 19)2) Senior Otticer
ot the rilitery ~ttairs Bureau of the Her inistry
(19)5 to 19)6) Chief ot a section ot the General
st111tt ( 1937) attached Headquarters Starr Central
China bullrmy (1Lgust 19)7) Colonel attached to
1wantung bullrmy Headquarters Ctlet ot the llilitsry
ftairs Eureau ( October 19)9 to pril 1942 l
colllllsnded 2nd Guards Division in Sumatra (194))
C~iet ot Steft or the 14th ree middotrmy in the rhilishy
ppines under Gener~l Ycmashite (October 1944)
Conferences- 12346911lJ
The Defendant 1rmiddotcmiddotn0 between 1928 end 1945 was
1mong other J)ositions held- Vice Chief Nevel
General 3teft (1930) Delegate to the Geneve Pavel
Conference ( 1931) Lember Supreme 1er Council ( 19JJ)
full dmirel (1934) Chief Delegate to London Naval
Conference (19)5) Navy 1inister under HIROT~ (Mer ch
1936 to February 19)7) _ Ccmmen~ar-in-Chiet ot
Conbined Fleet (19)7) Hember of Supreme er Council
(1940) Chiet of Navel General Steff (April 1941 to
February 1944) Supreme Yaval Adviser to the iLperor
tram February 1944
Conferences- l2J469lllJ
or~
The Defendant CFA between 1928 enG 1945 was
- 126 shy
BllOne other ~ositions held- on the Vevel Generil
Sterr (1930) section Cbie1 Generel end uilitery
Atteirs Pureau of tbe bullavy (1938) Cbie1 General
and llltery ftelrs Bureaux ot the lmiddotavy_ (October
1940 to August 1944) Vice Adlral ( 1942) Vice
Navy Hinster (20 July 1944) under 1crso Commandershy
1n-Cbie1 Ch1nka1- (Korea) tavel Stetlon (Septeriber
1944 to June 1945)
Conferences- 1234691113
The Defendant OKAVA between 1928 and 1945 was
eflong otner rositlons held- Director GeMtral of
the iest ~sis Research nstitute of the South
lenct-urien 1e1lwe rroll 1926 en orcsnizer of tte
ukden Incicent (Se-ptember 18th 1931) author of
t temiddotSnese Fistory Reeder (1935) enci 01 books
articles encl sreEeches advocatine aggressive war tormiddot
the expulsicn by force ot the wtit~ races from Asiamiddot
OSHD~
middotThe Jefendent C~~IM_ between 1928 end 194i 11es
llllong other rostlons held - ~llltery ttache in
Berlin (1936) tllbassedor tc ~ermeny (October 1938
to Octobe~ 1939) and egeln fron February 1941 to
rrril 1945
S 1TC
The Defendant SC b~tveen 1928 and 1945 was
among other Csitions held- Instructor rny Gonerel
Steff Colloga (1935) sttecbed to the ilitery middot-L middot
- 127 shy
bulltta1rs Bureau ot thfl Har ~1n1str~ enler or the
lenn1ng Poard (1937 to 19)8) Chief ot the 1111 tery
tta1rs Section ot the i111tery middottte1rs Auresu ot
themiddotrer r1n1stry (Februer3 1941 to middotpril 1942)
ISJor G6nerel (October 1941) Chiflt ot ilitary
tta1rs Pureau ot the tmiddoter 1n1stry ( pr11 1942 to
December 1944) Lieutenant Genpoundral (arch 1945)
the Defendant FGllITSU batveen 1928 and 1945
WEIS oiong other positions 1eld - l1nistEr to China
(1931) Vice lorolcn lnister under Saito and Cikede
(1933 to 19)6) cbessador to the Tnion ot 3ov1et
Socialist Relulillcs Wovemb6r 1936 to Nov61ilb6r 1938)
middotibessftor to t-re6t Britain ( 1938 to June 1941)
middotrebassedor to the 1-Tanltinr i_lrgtPet JovernnLnt (Decmb3r
1941 to Jril 1943) Foreitn inister under_ TOlO
( bullyr11 194) to July 1944) and Fordgn rinister and
concurrently linister for Greiter est sia under
KCI~O (July 1944 to hril 1945)
SHIWDA
The Detendent SRilJDA betveen 1928 nd 1945
was ar1ong other positions talC- Chier ot 5tatt
Combined Fleet (1930) Vice CMet revel General
Steft ( 1935 to 1937) Comlander of the econd Fleetmiddot
(December 19)7) COIJll8nder Chine Fleet (ay 1940)
full Admiral (1940) -ev_y inister under TClC (Cctoshy
ber 1941) appointed tc Su~reme middotmiddoter Cc=c1l (1944)
Chiet ot ravel General 3teft (February to July 1944)
Conferences- 12i314
bull 128 shy
SHIRATOR
The Defendant $IRAT0RI between 1928 and 1945
was eeong other positions held- Chief or Intorlll8shy
tion Bureau or the loreien Office ( 1930 h ~inister
to sweden orwar Denmark Finland (1936) Ambasbull
aador to Italy (1939) Adviser Japanese Foreign
Office (1940) author of an article in Conte~porary
Japan po1nt1ni_r out the necessity of a World Conflict
to establishmiddotthe llew Order in Asia (hpr11 le
1941) Director IR~Ps (1943)
suzmr
The Defendant SUZ~IYI between-1928 end 1945 was
among other middotpositions held- Lember of the middot111 tery
ffsirs Section or the War Iinistry middot(19Jl) attached
to the Bureau or ~litary ffairs of the ~er Departshy
ment (19J3) Official ot the Investigation Bureau
or the Cabinet (193S) Regimental Col11118nder of the
14th Regiment (1936) Chiefmiddot or the Political Affairs
Division or the Chine ~fairs Poard (December 19J8
to lpril 1941) actill8 Director General thereof
in 1940 middotrreeid~nt ot the Cabinet Planning Board
end Iinieter without orttolio (pr11 1941 to
Cctober 1943) under Konoye and T0ir Cabinet dviser
(Noveriber 1943 to Se~tember 1944) Director or the
IR 1bullbull t (1944)
Conrerances- 689111314
TOGO
The Defendant TOGO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- i~beesedor to (eroany
bull 129
(October 1937) Ambassador to tlll Obion ot Soviet
Socialist Republics (October 1938) Foreign Minister
and Minister for overseas Affairs under TOJO (October
1941 to )larch 1942) Foreign Xinist er and Kini st er
or Greater East Asia WJier SUZUKI (April 1945)
Conterences1- 11121314
TOJ01
The Detendlllt TOJO betireen 1928 ani 1945 was
among Other pos1tions held- Head ot the First
Section or the General Start (1931 to 1932) Chiet
or the Investigation Section or the Am7 Communica-
tions School (1932) Col11111ll1der or the Xilitar7
Police or the Kwantung Ann7 (1935) Chief or Starr
Kwantung Arrrrr (1937) Vice War Minister under
Konoye (Xay to Decenber 1938) Director General or
111litary Aviation (1938 to 1939) far llinb ter umer
Konoye (Julr 1940 to Decelligter 1941) tull General
(October 1940) Prime Ministerand war Minister
concurrentlr (December 2 1941 to Julr 1944) shy
during which period he was also at tirnea Rome
K1n1ster Minister or Jlunitlona and Chier or
General Starr
Conterences1bulll23456S9ll121314
UKEZUI
The Defendant UIIEZU between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held1- Chier or the General
Affairs Depart~~t ot thll War K1n1strr (1931)
Commander of the Japanese Forces 1n China (1934)
Vice war J1n1ster under HIROT Barash and Xonore
(Karch 1936 to Mar 1938) Comnanter of the Kwan tung
Armr and Ambassador to Manchukuo (1939 to 1944)
tull General (1940) Chief or General start (Jul7
1944 to 1945)
bullbull 11011bull 150 shy
- ANNEXES
-
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
-
- A-1 THE POTSDAM DECLARATION
- A-1-a JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-b REPLY BY SECRETARY OF STATE TO JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-c FINAL JAPANESE ACCEPTANCE
- A-2 INSTRUMENT OF SURRENDER
- A-3 MOSCOW CONFERENCE AGREEMET
- A-4 SPECIAL PROCLAMATION ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-5 CHARTER OF THE INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-6 INDICTMENT
-
- GROUP ONE CRIMES AGAINST PEACE
-
- Count 1
- Count 2
- Count 3
- Count 4
- Count 5
- Count 6
- Count 7
- Count 8
- Count 9
- Count 10
- Count 11
- Count 12
- Count 13
- Count 14
- Count 15
- Count 16
- Count 17
- Count 18
- Count 19
- Count 20
- Count 21
- Count 22
- Count 23
- Count 24
- Count 25
- Count 26
- Count 27
- Count 28
- Count 29
- Count 30
- Count 31
- Count 32
- Count 33
- Count 34
- Count 35
- Count 36
-
- GROUP TWO MURDER
-
- Count 37
- Count 38
- Count 39
- Count 40
- Count 41
- Count 42
- Count 43
- Count 44
- Count 45
- Count 46
- Count 47
- Count 48
- Count 49
- Count 50
- Count 51
- Count 52
-
- GROUP THREE CONVENTIONAL WAR CRIMES AND CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY
-
- Count 53
- Count 54
- Count 55
-
- APPENDICES
-
- APPENDIX A SUMMARIZED PARTICULARS
-
- SECTION 1 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN MANCHURIA
- SECTION 2 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN THE REST OF CHINA
- SECTION 3 ECONOMIC AGGRESSION IN CHINA AND GREATER EAST ASIA
- SECTION 4 METHODS OF CORRUPTION AND COERCION IN CHINA AND OTHER OCCUPIED TERRITORIES
- SECTION 5 GENERAL PREPARATION FOR WAR
- SECTION 6 THE ORGANIZATION OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FOR WAR
- SECTION 7 COLLABORATION BETWEEN JAPAN GERMANY AND ITALY AGGRESSION AGAINST FRENCH INDO-CHINA AND THAILAND
- SECTION 8 AGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION
- SECTION 9 JAPAN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA THE COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILLIPPINES AND THE BRITISH COMMONWEALTH OF NATIONS
- SECTION 10 JAPAN THE KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS AND THE REPUBLIC OF PORTUGAL
-
- APPENDIX B LIST OF ARTICLES OF TREATIES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUO ONE AND TWO
- APPENDIX C LIST OF OFFICIAL ASSURANCES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUP ONE
- APPENDIX D INCORPORATED IN GROUP THREE
- APPENDIX E STATEMENT OF INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR CRIMES SET OUT IN THE INDICTMENT
-
JUDGENT
INrryUJ4~JrPAJ lIIITAZ TRIBUNH FCR TTE FAR EAST
TH- ~rTSDtl DECIfRnICN
26 July 1945
iCCIT 1TI0N PBIDS Cli GCVErwS TJlITED STATES I TJNIT3D UNGD0 I IFD CHH1A
(1) lfe--the President of the United States
the ~resident of the National Government of the
Republic or Cin middot end the Prime inister of Great
Brrtain representing the hundreds of millions of
our countrymen have conferred and agree that Japan
shall be given an opraquoortunity to end this war
(2) The prodigious land sea end air forces
of the United States the British Empire end of
Chine neny times reinforced by their armies and air
fleets fron tte west ere poised to strike the final
blows upon Jaran This military rower is sus a ined
and insnired by the determination of all the Allied
Nations to prosecute the war against Japan until
sbe ceases to resist
(3) The result of the futile end senselessmiddot
German resistance to the might of the aroused free
peoples of the world stands forth in awful clarity
es an example to the people of Japan The might
that now converges on Japan is immeasurably greater
then that which when ep-lied to the resisting Nazis
necessarily leid waste to the lends the industry and
the method of life of the whole German people The
full application of Olll militazy power becked by our
- 1 shy
resolve will mee1f the inevitable end complete
destruction or the Japanese armed forces end just
es inevitably the utter devastation of the Japanese
homeland
(4) middot he time hescome tor Japan to decide
whether she Ytill continue to be controlled by thoe
self-willed militaristic advisers whose unintelligent
calculations heve brought the Empire of Japan to the
thresh~ld ot annihilation or whether eho will
tpllo~ the path of_reason
(5) Following ere our terms We ~111 not
deviate from them There ere no alternatives We
shell brook no delay
( 6) Thero must be e11m1nated tor ell time the
authority and influence or those who have deceived
end misled the people or Japan into embarking on
world conqueet tor Ye insist that e new order of
peace cocurity end justice will be i=ossible until
irresponsible nilitamprism is driven from the world
(7) Until such e new order is established~
until tiere i~ convincing rroot that Japan e wershy
makin~ power is destroyed roipts in Japanese tershy
ritory to bo desirnated by the llies sh~ll be
occupied to secure the achievement of tho basic
objoctlvos we ere here setting forth
8) The torris of th Coiro Dccleration shall
be carried out end Japanese sovereienity shell be
limit~d to the islands ot Honstu liokkoido Kyushu
Shikoku end such ninor islands es we determine
(9) Tho Japanese military forces etter beins
compl tely disarmed shell be )ermittcd to return to
- 2 shy
their homea ~1th the opportunity ~o lead~peacerul
end productive lives
(10) ie do not intend thEt the Jepe11ese shell
be enslaved 88 8 race or destrored 88 8 nation but
stamprn Justice shell be mcted out to pound11 wer crlminelt
including t~osc who hPve visited cruelties upon Olll
priscn~rs Tbe le~cnesa Government shell remove all
obstacles to tbe r~v1vrl end strongtherilngof demoshy
cratic temiddotndsncics emonc the Jenanose aople Fredo11
cf speech of rel1r1on I end of thollfht es well as
respect for the fundcmentel humen rights shell be
established
(11) Ja~on shall be permitted to mo1nto1n such
industries ss will sust1in her economy end purmlt
the exaction of Just rtperttions in kind but not
those v1hich would nebls her to rr-erm for war To
this end eccess to es disti1111uished trom control
of raw motoriels shell be rermltt~d Eventual
Jepenese particiption in world trade rehtions
shell be parritted
(12) The occupying forces of the Allies shell
be yen1ithdrewn from Je~cn rs soon fS thee objctives
hPve been r ceomplished rmiddotnd thrrc hlt-s bein estft blishcti
in nccordrnce with th~ freely expressed will of trt
eEnese poople e ne~cefully inclined end responsibh
governncnt
( lJ) middotbullre CP11 UPOil the government of Jeptn to
rrcc11m now the uncondltlonil surrender of r11
Jcpenese ~rmed forces rnd to provide proper and
edequote oesur~nces of thsir good rc1th in such
rctlon The lltern~tive far Jeptn ls prompt nd
utter dostructiori
-3-
AlNEX NO A-1-o
JUDGMENT
INTERNATJONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
JAPANESE UALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
LEGATION DE SUISSE Washington n c Sir August 10 1945
I have the honor to inform 7ou that the
Japanese Minister to Switzerland upon instructions
received from his Government has requested the
Swiss Political Department to advise the Government
of tre United States of America of the following
In obedience to the gracious COITDlland of
his Majest7 the Emperor fho ever anxious to
enhance the cause of Rgt rld peace desires
earnestl7to bring about a speed7 termination
of hostilities with a view to saving mankind
from the calamities to be imposed upon them by
further continuation of the war the Japa1elie
Government several weeks ago asked the SOviet
Government with which neutral relations then
prevailed to render good offices in restoring
peace vis -a vis the enemy powers Unfar tuna t_eshy
17 these efforts in the interest of peace
having failed the Japanese Government 1n conshy
formity w1 th the august wish of His ttajest7
to restore the general peace ani desiring to
put an end to the untold sufferings entailed
b7 war as quickl7 as possible have decided
- 4 shy
upon the following
The J~p~nese r-overnmant rre rendy to
ccept the terms enumerrteurod in th- joint
drcl~rrton which bullEs issued ft otsdmiddotm on
July 26th 1945 by the heeds of the Governmonts
of the United St tts Gret t Br itdn ~nd Chin
nnd 1-ter subscribed by tha Soviet Govornment
with the undorstbullncinz thrt the srid doclcrshy
tion does not comprise ~ny de~nd which prejushy
dices the prerogbullmiddottives of His Ejeurosty ts
Sovereign nuler
Tba 0 -rnese Governcnt sincerely hope
h~t this understtnding is wcrrcntGd nd desire
keenly th~t bull n explicit indic tion to th1 t
effect will be speedily forthcomine
In trr nsmi ttinp the r bove messr re the J(pmiddotnese
Iinistar rddod thbullt tis Governraent begs the Governshy
ment of the Tritd St~tes to forwrrd its cnswer
through the intcrmedimiddotmiddotry of Switzerlrnd Similr-r
requests ~re buing trnsmitted to tho Cmiddotovornments
of rrert Britin middotn~ the ~nion of Soviet Socirlist
Republics through the intermedfrry of Sweden bull s
we11 S to the Covernment of Chin~ through the intershy
mcdhry cf Switzerlrnd The Chinesa 1-inister t
Berne h~s bulllredy been informed of the foregoing
through the ehrnnel of the swiss oliticrl Deprrtshy
ment
Plcise be rssured th t I c~ rt your disposl
~t rny time to rccept for nd forwtmiddotrd to my Governshy
m~nt the reply of thcmiddotGovernnent of the Cnited St 0 te~
- 5 shy
tccept S1r the renewed r ssurrnces ot my
highest considerrtion
lh() Fonorcble J~mes f Byrnes s Grossll secret~ry ot Stete
Cherge d 1ttl ires ~d interim ot SW1 tzerlcnd
- 6 shy
JlliEX NO J-1-b
JUDGlENT
INT1RNTIONL IILITay TRIBUNAL FOF THI FJR ElST
REPLY BY SECPLTRY OF STTE TO JJPfuESE CULIFIED ieCCEPTJjCJE
Auust 11 1915
Sir1
I hnve the honor to ~cknowledre receipt of y)ur
note of Auust 10 nnd in rc~ly to inforri you thrt
the Prcsitent of th lnitcd Sttes h~s directed rie
to send to you f~r trrnsrrission by y)ur r0vcrnncnt
to the JlJnese G)vern1ent the follminp r-essire In
brmiddothnlf of the Govcrnncnts of the United Strtcs the
Uni tcd Kinrdoo the Union of Sovkt $)cidist
neublics rnd Chinni
1th rcpr-rd to the Jr-rncgtsc Governricntbulls
rcmiddotSS1fe lCCPtinp the tcri-s ~f the Fotsdri roclcshy
mrti 1n but Cmiddotgtntdninp the strtfmcnt 1 with the
understinclinp thot the stid dcclnr~tion dx s not
comprise rny deoond which rejudicesmiddot the prerontives
or His Majesty cs P sovcrcirn ruler 1 our rosition
is ns folloi-1s1
Fr)ri the riomc-nt of surrender the ruthrity
of the- Er1perr nd the Jnnesc Govcrrnirnt to rule
the stotc s~all be subject to the Surei-~ Clrinrnder
or the llied iov1crs who v1ill t-ke such sters rs he
decr-s roper to cffc ctute the surrender tcrlbullS
The Emperor will be requirec1 to riuth0rize ond
c-nsure thpound sir-nature by the Govcrnrient of Jrrrn nd
the Jn~onese Irirerinl General Hrndqurrtcrs of the
- shy
surrender terns necessary to ccrry out tho proshy
visions ot the ctsdan r~cleretion and shell issue
his couiands to ell tte ~aanesa llilitcr- mvcl
end eir authorities en~ to ell the forces under
th~ir control whoravor locrtod to cease octiva
opcrctions rnd to surrender their trns cnd to
issue suet- otter orders ts tte 3urrelle Cor1itndor
n y relulre to -ltive effect to the surrender terms
Ifll~dietelmiddot unon the surrsnder tho Jarenese
Governnent shell trcnsort rtscners of Vii r end
clvilim int ornees to pleces of s foty cs directd
whera thQ~ cen quickly bb plLced cboerd Allied
trrnsrorts
ThG ultiwt forr1 of eovernnont of Jcpcn
sh~ll in occcrdtnce with the ~otsdcm Decl~rrtion
be cstablisbcd by the freely cxrressed ~111 of tho
Jcpampnesa ~~oplc
Th rr1Gd forces of the Allied iowers will
re r-ln in s--n until the bullurroros set forth in the
otsd~ll declerr tion ore 1middotchlcved
Acccrt Sir the ronewad rssuronces of ry
highest consider~tion
r middotox r-rnssli Ctrge d Jffioires fd Interpound of
Switzcrlnd
- 8 shy
1JU1EX NO 1-1-c
JUDGIENT
INTERNJTIONL MILITARY TRIBUNiL FOR TEE FJR EAST
FINbL JbPIJESE ACCEPTANCE
LBGATION DE SUISSE bullwASHINGTON DC
Aurust 14 1945
Sir1
I have the h~nlr to refer to ylur note of
Aurust 11 in which you requested me to trcnsmit to
oy Government the re~ly ~f the Govcr=nts lf the
United st~tes the United Kinrdom the Union or
Slviet Slcialist Rc~ublics end Chine to the ressape
frlm the Jcpcneso a~vcrnoent which wcs com~unicntcd
in my n~te of August 10
lt 2010 todoy (Swiss Tine) the Jnpcnese
Minister to Switzcrlcnd conveyed the followiflishy
written strtclient to the Swiss Govcrnoent for trrnsshy
1issiln to the four Allied Glvnnmcnts1
Comtiunicrtion of the J~rrnesc Governnent
of Aurust 14 1945 cddressed to the Governoents
of the Unitcd Stetes Greet Britain the Slviet
Union ~nd Chinas 1171th reference to the Jcprnesc Governshy
rpound n11s hote lf 1uust 10 tqrardinl thE ir
nccer~cnce ~r the ~rovisi~ns of the Potsdam
Dcclorrtiln ~na the reply lf the Governments
f the United St~tcs Great Britain tho
Swi1ot Union l)nc Chini srnt by Jrnericn Sccreshy
t~ry f st~tc Zyrncs under the date of AUJUSt 11
- 9 shy
the J~pcnese Governricnt h~vc tho honor to cocshy
nunictc to the rovernnents of the four powers
rs follows
l Fis l~jcsty the ErrEgtror h-s iesued
rn nnerhl rescri~t rcfrrdine- Jprn s ccccptshy
nca of the nrovsions of thamp Potsd2c Daclcrcshy
tion
2 Fis Lr Jc sty the Jmperor is prcprrtid
to ~middotuthorize ~nd cnsur the signtture by his
Gcverrwunt cnd the Imperil-I Gcnerrl Herdqucrters
of the necessmiddot ry terris for crrry1ng out the
provisions of the fotsdc Deel rr tion Eis
r jesty is bull lso repf red to issue his coonrmiddotnds
to r-11 the nilitrry nmiddotvcl rnd middotir uthorities
of Jltpn degnd ell th forces uncicr thtiir control
vherever loc tcd to cs~ se ctive opertions to
surrender -rllS rnd to issue such other orders
s rny b required b the 5urrma Conrl nder of
the lli(d Feroes for th~ execution of th
bull bove-ncntioncd tcrls
1capt lr th- r~newtd rssurrnces of my
hiFhest consictertion
Grrssli Chrrge d middotrrires middotrd interim
of SWitzerlr nd
1r ~x Grssli Chmiddot rge abull rr~ ires middot d InteriL~ or
3yeni tzerlr nd
- 10 shy
A~TJIl TC J -2
JlJDG E-T
HTmmiddotmICITAL )III~RY TRIBUNtL FCR TH FAR EAST
e acting b command of and in behalf of the
ELlperor cf Jaran the Japanese ~overnment en~ the
Ja~anese Imperial General Feadouarters hereby
accept the provisions set forth in the declaretioc
issued by the heads or the Governments of the TTnited
States C ine end Great flritain on 26 July 1945 at
rotsdeo and subsequently adhered to b) the Union
of Soviet Socialist Re~ublics which four powers
ere hereafter referred to as the Allied ~ewers
e hereby proclain the unconditional surrender
to tte Jllied rowers of the Jarenese Imperial General
Heacq_uarters end of all anenese armed forces and
ell arMed forces under Jaanese control wherever
situated
e hereby collllend all Japanese foroes wherever
situated and the Je~epese people to cease hostilities
forthwith t(l preserve enc save fror- daoate ell
ships Eircreft and Eilitery ahd civil property
end to ccMply with all requirecents which may be
irroosed bmiddot the Supreme Cotlllenltler for the Allied
Powers or by agencies of the Jaranese Government at
his direction
middote hereby collllanc the Japanese rr~erial General
Peodquarters to issue at once orders to the Comshy
manders of ell Jaenese forces end all forces under
- 11 shy
middotJaanese control vherever situated to surrender
unconditionslly themselves and all forces under
their control
e hereby corllland all civil military end naval
officials to obey end enforce all proclsmetions
orders end directives deerued by the Supreme Comshy
mender for the Allied ~ewers to be proper to
effectuate this surrender end issued bmiddot hio or under
his authority and~~ direct all such officials to
re~~in at their posts end to continue to perform
their non-combatant duties unless specifically
relieved by hi1 er under his author ty
middotmiddote hereby undertaYe for the ELperor the
JaTienese Government end their successors to carry
out the provisions of the otsdan Declaration in
~cod feith end to issue whatever orders and teke
whatever action nay be rerured bl the Suprene
Corllonder for tte Allied rowers or by ony other
designated rspres~ntative of the tllied ~ewers for
tlie ~-urose or riving effect to that Decl1ration
e hcrebi corlland the Japenese Inerial
rovernrent ond the Japanese ImTierial General headshy
quarters et once to liberate all allied prisoners
of Mr end civilisn internees now under Japanese
control end to provide for their ~rotection cere
lillintenence and illllediete trans)ortrtion to places
es directed
~he euthority of ths m~eror and the Japanese
Government to rule the state shall be subject to
th~ 8upreme Colllllcnder for ths Allied Powers who will
tike auch steps as he deems proper to effectuate
- 12 shy
these terms or surrender
51gned et TokO Bsmiddot Janen at 0904 on the
Second dry of September 1945
By Command find In b6 alf of the Emnoror of Japan end the Jepanese Gov3rnment
Ycshirro Umezully Cornrnd endn behe lf of the JAFtnese lnperitl Genersl Hecduerters
fcCftod ct Tytyo E~ Te pan Et 0908 on the
~eccnd dry of lt1ertairbor 1945 for the ttnited Stctes
Reublio of Chine United fingdoP1 rnd the Union of
Soviet kci~list Republics e-nd in the interests of
the other Tnited Nrtions rt lier with Jopcn
C l NiMit z Unlted St~tes Representtive
Hsu Yung-ChFnll
Bruce Fr-ser United Kinqcon JepresentEtive
lieuten~nt renerrl K Derevyrnko Union of ~ovlet Soolrllst RepublicsRepresent~tive
T bull Blrmy Corimiddotcnwer-lth of fustrlic RepreBEnhtive
I bull toore Cos lr ne DoMinlcn cf eenfdf lepresentctrve
le Chrc ~rovl~icnsl Gov~rnment of the French Republic qerrescnt~tive
- lJ shy
C ~ 1 Helfrich flngdom of the ~c~hcrlmiddotncs Reprsent~tive
Ltonmiddotrd middot Isittmiddot Doninion of Pew Zcmiddotlmiddotnd Rcnrcsentctive
~ccptin the terms set forth in tho De~l r shy
tion issued br the heds of the Goverll1lcnts of the
1Jni tcd st tes Grert Eritcin ind Lhin on July 26
1945 r-t otsdru nd subsequently ~dhered to by the
Union of ~oviet Soci list Re~ublics I hva commnde4
the lmiddot J nose Irperil Governm-nt ~nd the J1p~ nese
lllperi l Gener~ 1 He dqu~rter13 to sign on my behlf
the instrument of surrender presented by the Supreme
ColDlmiddot nder for the llied owsrs 7nd to issue Generfl
Orders to the lil1trry bullnd IIbullvbulll forces in cccordrnclt
with the direction of the Supr5lilC Comm ndw- for the
llied Fowers I co=rnd rll my people forthwith to
cerse hostilities to lbully down their irms nd fbullithshy
fullr to c~rry out middot11 the provisions of the instrushy
rent of surrcndor middotnd th Generrl Orders issued by
the ry~ nese Im~erirl C-encrbull 1 lier dqu~ rters thereunde
- 14 shy
JNNEX NO J-3
JUDGMENT
INTLRNATIONAL MILITRY TRIBUNJ FOR THE FAR EA-
MOSCOV CONFERENCE AGREE-ENT
The Forei rn Ministers of the Union If Soviet
Scicl1st Republics the United Kinrdom and ~e United Stetes of ncricn met in Moscow frrr December
16 to December 26 1945 in ncc0rd with the
decision of the Crimea Conference poundOnf1rmed nt t~
Berlin C0nference thet there shuld be er ind ic conshy
sultnt11ll between them At the meetinfs of the 3
Foreign Ministers discussions took plnce on nn
informnl nnd erlorntory bnsis r-nd crrecmrnt wns
renched on the follow1np questions bull
bullbullibullbull
i The Supreme Commnltkr shdl 1ssuc nll
Orders for the inplmiddotmcntati ln of the Terms of
SurrendEr the Occupatigtns end control of J~)~n
nnd Dirc-ctives supplercmiddotntnry thereto In middotoll cases
action will be cnrricd cgtut uncer me throurh the
Supreme Commender who is the s0le Excmiddotcutive ruth0rity
for the Allied Povers in Joprn He 1ill consult nnd
id vise vii th the Council in ndvnnce of thc is sunnce
gtf Orders on mnttcrs of substance the rxirencies
of the situation permittinr his decisions upon
these octtcrs shall be controllinr
middot
- 15 shy
mrtJC T( -4
Jl JYl TJ-1T
=rcr middotr ircr middotmiddotmiddotmiddot1rr~r
JTltlISP~T ( 11 1 TCI IIIT1Y TRI~UNL
FOR CU~ FR ~ST
ViHlES the United Ltetes end the Netions
allied therewith in orposing the illegal wars of
aggression of the middotxis fJetions have froll time to
tine made declarations cf their intentions that
war crininals should be brought to justice
17 middot the Governnents of the middot111ed -ewers
et war with Japan en the 26th July 1945 at ~otsdam
declared as one of the terns of surrender that
middotstern Sustice shall be meted out to all Yer crimshy
inals including those who hove visited cruelties
upon our ~risoners
F~ middot b~middot the Instrument of Surrender of
Tenen eirecuted et ollt~middoto lay Jaran on the 2nd
lterter1er 1945 the signatories for Tapan by
colnllenc of and n behalf of the un~a~or enc the
re~anese Government accented the terms set forth
in such Declaration at otsddm
FE1 middot by such Instrument of Surrender the
authority of tle Srnperor and the Ja~ anese Government
to rule the etate of middotr_aen is made subject to the
Suprene Cv~bullbuller for the bull-llied owers who is
suthorized to take such steps as he deems proper
tc- effectuate the terms of surrender
- 16 shy
HEREbull 5 the undersigned has been designated by
the lied overs as Suprelle Colltander for the
llied ~obullers to carry into effect the general
surrender of the Japanese arned forces
middotmiddot~middot S the Governments of the United States
Great lri tain -nd russia at the middotoscoy Conference
26th Decer1ber 1945 having considcrei the effectushy
ation by Jaan of the Teris of surrender with tte
concurrence of China have agreed thet the Supreme
ColMander shall issue all Crders for the implamenshy
tetion of the Terns ot Surrender
rC1middot11 THffSFORl I Douglas Hae rthur BS
Supreme Co~mender for the llied rowers by virtue
of the authority so conferred upon ne in order to
imlement the Term of Surrender which requires the
meting out of stern justice to war criminals do
order and provide as follows
RTICl~ 1 There shall be established en
International 1-ilitery Tribunal for the Far est
for the trial of those persons charged individually
o~ es members of oranizations or in both capacishy
ties yith Qffenses which include crimes against
peace
middotR~ICI~ 2 The Constitution jurisdiction and
functions of this Tribunal are those set forth in
the Ghnter of the International lilitiry Tribunal
for thpound ~er Vest a~~roved by mo this day
middot~~JCI~middot3 Nothing in this Order shell
prejudice theJurisdiction of any other internatione
netlonel or occuretion court conriission or other
tribunal established or to be established in Japan
bull 17
or in any territory or a United Nation with Which
Jann has been at war for the trial or war
criminols
Given under my hand et Tokyo this 19th dey
of January 1946
be bullt Iso RTHUR Gontrol of the rmy United State$ rmySupreme Commender for the llied Powers
bull
- 18 shy
ArJllEX NO bull A-5
JODGMBIU
CHARTER
OF THE HJJill~ATICNH lILITARY TRIBUNAL FCR T~o FPR EAST
SECTICI~ I
COSITlJICN CF TRIBU1~~L
ARTICIE 1 middotTribunal Established The Intershy
national Yilitary Tribunal for the Far East is hereshy
by established for the just ano prompt trial and
punishment of the major war criminals in the Far
East The permanent seat of the Tribunal is in
Tokyo
4ITIC1E 2 embers The Tribunal ehall c 0
onsistmiddot
of not less than six ne~bers ruir ncre than eleven
members appointed by the Supreme Commander for the
Allied ~ewers from the names submitted by the Signashy
tories to the Instrument of qurrender India and
Phe Commonwealth of the Philippines
AlTICLE 3 Officers and Secretariat
a President The Supreme Commander for
the lllied Powers Shall appoint a Member to be
President of the Tribunal
b Secretariat
(1) The Secretariat ot the Tribunal
shall be composed o~ a General
Secretary to be appointed by the
Supreme Commander tor tle llied
Powers end such assistant seersshy
bull 19 bull
tariee clerks interpreters erd
other personnel as may be necesshy
sary
(2) The General Secretary shall organshy
ize and direct the work of the
Secretariat
()) The Secreteriet shell receive ell
documents addressed to the
Tribunal maintain the records or
the Tribunal provide necessary
clerical services to the Tribunal
end its members and perform such
other duties as may be designated
by the Tribunal
JRTICL 4 Convening and uorum Votinl1 1 and
bsence
a Convening and luorum When as many as
six members or the Tribunal are present they may
convene the Tribunal in formel session The
presence ore majority or ell members shall be
necessary to constitute e quorum
b Voting All decisions end judgments
of this ~rlbunel including convictions an~ sentenshy
ces shall be by a maJorit7 vote or those members
or the Tribunal present rn case the votes are
evenly divided the vote or the ~resident shall be
decisive
c Abseaoe Ir a member et any time is
absent a~d afterwards ls able to be ~resent he
shall take part in ell subsequent proceeding~
unless he declares 1n open court that he is disbull
- 20 bull
quelitied by reeson of insutticient middottsriiliarity with
the proceedings which took place in his absence
SllCJICN II
Jll~ISDICTINT HD Gll1-~AL ~OVISIOTS
ltRTICIE 5 Jurisdiction Cver ersons end
Offenses The ~r1bunel shall heve the power to try
and runis~ Fer e~tern wer cri~inals who es indivshy
iduals or as members of orranizetions ere charged
with offenses which Lclude Criries against Peace
Tbeefol_lovinr acts or eny of them are crimes
coni~e within the jurisdiction of the ~ribunel for
which there shall be individual responsibility
a Criries against Peace Namely the
planning ~reparation ni_iation or waging of a
declereo or undeclared var of aggression or a war
in violation of intern~tionul lew trerties agreeshy
ments or ossurpoundnces or perticipction in o common
plr n or cc nspirr cy for the occon91iehment of lny of
the foregoing
6 Conventionel ~r ~rires Nenely
vioLtions ot the lrws or custocs of wer
c CriJ11es rrrinst -uw nity Nrmely
curdor extcrmintion enslvcment deportrtion
nd other inhum-ne ~cts committed before or during
the w~r or pereeoutions on politicrl or rtciEl
grounds in execution ot or in connection with my
crime ~ithin the urisdiction of the Tribunrl
whether er not in violbulltion of the domestic 1w of
the country -here perp1tr( ted Le~dcrs orgnizers
lnstig~tors middot nd rccomplices prrticipbull ting in the
- 21 shy
tormuletion or executiomiddotn of a common plan or conshy
spiracy to commit any otmiddotthe foregoing crimes ere
responsible tor eil acts performed by any person
in execution or such plan
RTICL~ 6 Responsibility of Accuse~ Neither
the official position at any time of en ecc~sed 1 nor the feet that an accused acted pursuant to order
of his government or ot a superior shall of itself
be sutficient to free such accused from responsibil shy
ity tor any crime with whi~b he is charged but euch
circumstances may be considered in mitigation of ___
punishment it the Tribunal determines that jus~ioe
so requires
ARTICLE 7 Rules of Procedure The Tribunal
may draft and amend rules of procedure consistent
with the fundamental provisions of this Charter
AR~TCLE 8 Counsel
e Chief of middotcounsel The Chief of Counsel
desieneted by the Supreme Commender tor the Allie4
Powers is responsible for the investigation end
prosecution of charges against war criminals within
the jurisdictionmiddot of this Tribunal and will render
sue~ legal assistance to the Supreme Commander es
is appropriate
b Associate Counsel Any United Netion
with which Japan has been et war may appoint en
~ssociate Counsel to assist the Chief of ~ouneel
SECTICN III
FAIR TRIAL FO~ ACCUSED
ARTICLE 9 Procedure for Feit Trial In order
- 22 shy
t~ nsure fair trial fo~ the accused the following
procedure stell be followed
a Indictment The indictment shell
consist of a plein concise and adequate statement
of each offense charged Each accused shall be
furnished in adequate time for defense a copy of
the indictment including ~ny amendment end of this
Charter in a larguage understood by the accused
b Language The trial and related proshy
ceedings shell be conducted in Eglish and in the
laniuage of the accused Translations of documents
and other papers shall be provided as needed and
requested
c Couns~l for Accused taph accused
shall have the right to be represented by counsel
of his own selection subject to the disapproval
of such counsel at any tifle by the Tribunal The
eccused shall file with the General Secretrry of
the ~ribunal the name of his counsel If an accused
is not represented by counsel and in open court
requests tJe Blbullpointment of counsel the Tribunal
shall designate counsel for him In the absence
of such request the Tribunampl may appoint counsel
for an accused if in its judgment such appointment
is necessery to provide fer a fair trial
d Evidence for Defense An accused
shall have the right through himself or throurmiddoth
his counsel (but not through both) to conduct his defense inclbulliding the right to examine any witness
subject to such reasonable restrictions as the
Tribunal may deterMine
- 23 shy
e Production of ~vidence for the
Defense An accused may ap~ly in writing to the
Tribunal formiddot the Tgtroduction rf witnesses or of
documents The anplication shall state where the
witness or document is thou~ht to be looated It
shall also state the facts nroposed to be proved
by the witness or the document and the relevancy
of such facts to the defense If the ~ritunal
grants the a~plication the Tribunal shall be given
such al d in obtaining nroduction of the evidencemiddot
as the circumstances reouire
ARTICLE 10 Applicetions end Hotions before
Trial All motions epplicatioqs or other requests
addressed to the Tribunal prior to the commencement
of trial shall be made in writing end filed with
the General Secretary of the Tribunal for action
by the Tribunal
S11CTICN IV
J(1RS 0F JRIBTPI ~~D COTDTTCT CF TRIAL
AR~ICLll 11 ~ The Tribunal shall have
the newer
a To summon witnesses to the trial to
require ther to attend and testify and to question
them
b To interrogate each accused and to
~ermit comment on his refusal to answer any question
o To require the production of documents
end other evidentiary material
d To require of each witness ampn oath
affirmation or such declaration ea is customary in
- 24 shy
the country of the witness end to adminiter oaths
e To appoint officers for the carrying
out of any task designated by the lribunal includshy
lng the Ower to Jave evidence taken on corunissicn
AR~ICIE 12 Conduct of Trial The mribunel
shall
a Confine the trial strictly to en
expeditious hearin of the issues raised by the
charges
b Take strict measures tQ prevent en7
action which would cause any unreasonable delay and
rule out irrelevant issues end statements of any
kind whatsoever
c ~rovide for the maintenance of order
at the trial end deal summarily with any contumacy
imposing eppropriete runishment including exclushn
of any accused or ~is cou~sel f~om some or all
further proceedings but without rrejudice to the
deterninPtion of the charges
d Dctcrminamp the mental snd physicel
ccp9city cf en7 accused to riroceed to trial
f8J1E 13 ~vidcnce
e Adgt1issibilitv The Tribunal shell not
be bound bv techniccl rules of evidence It shall
rdopt ~nd ~ply to the gre~test possible extent
expeditious end non-trchnic1 procedure middotnd shr11
dmit ~ny evidence which it deems to hve proktive
vrlue All rur1orted dmissions or stctemcnts of middot
the Cousod re cimissible
b RelGv~ nee Th Tri bun_l m7 r_oquire
to be informed of tho m turc of - ny evidence before
- 25 shy
1t is otteredmiddot-111 order to rule ut1on the relev1 rice
c Specific evidence Pdclssible In
prrticulir ~r~ without limiting in middotny wmiddotmiddoty the
scope ot tbe foreroing gonerrl rules the tolhwing
ovidonce m~y be rdmittcd
(1) A document rcgbullmiddotrdlcss of its
security cl~ssitic~tion nd
without root of its issumiddotnce or
sign~ture which l6~rs to th
Tribunrl to h~ve beonsigntd or
issued by bullny officer dop rtraent
ltgcncy or mtnbcr of thi bullrmed
forces ot rny goverruncnt
(2) A -lt~middott t cl pc(rs to the
Tribun-1 to hrvo bean signed or
issued by tho InternPtiondegl Rod
Cross or r member thcreot or
by r doctor of medicino or n7
medicrl sGrvice personnel or by
rn investlg-tor or intollige~co
officer or by ~ny other person
who middotppers to the Tribunrl to
hrvc nersonPl knowledge ot tha
llltters continod in tho r port
J) An eftidavit deposition or other
signed statement
(4) A diary letter or other document
including sworn or unsworu steteshy
ments-which appear to the Tribushy
nal to contain inforlll8tion relat shy
ing to the chmiddotarge
- 26 shy
(5) A copy of e document of lther
seclnch1ry Evidence lr its contents
if the oripin~l is not immediately
nvPileble
d JudiciPl Not~ce The Tribunal shall
neither require prof of rccts or common knewledpe
nor or the authenticity of ~rricial ~~vernment
~ocuocnts and reports or rny nation or or the proshy
cecdins records end findinrs or militnrymiddot or other
arencies or rny er the United Nations
e Records Exhibits llld Documents The
transcript or the procecdinps rnd exhibits end
documents submitted to theTribun~l will be filed
with the General Stcretary ormiddotthc Tribunal end will
constitute plrt or the Record
RTICLE 14 PlPee or Triel The first trial
will be held at Tokyo end eny subsequent tria~s
~111 be held et such rleces a$ the Tribunnl decides bull
poundIlTICLE 15 Course of Trial Proceedings The
-proceedinfs et tho Trial will take the fcllowing
C1JUISel
a The indictoent will be read in court
unless the roadinf is waived by all accused
b The Tribunalmiddot will ask each accused-
llhothtr he pleads ruilty er not ruilty
c The prosecution and each accused (by
counsel only 1 represented) ~ay ~ake a cmcise
opining stotencnt
d The prosecution ond defense may ofter
evidence nnd the admissibility or the same shall be
dpoundtermined by the Tribune~
- 27 shy
e The rrosecution end each accused bf
coun~el only if represented) JTl8Y examine each
witness and each accused who elves testimony
r ccused (by counsel only if represhy
sented) MSY address the Tribunal
g Tho prosecution may address the
Tribunal
h The Tribunal will deliver Judgment
and pronounce sentence
SECTICm V
JUOOI1INT ~TD 3a~~CE
RTICLE 16 Penolty Tho Tribunal shall have
the ower to im2ose upon an accused on conviction
death or such other ~unisrunent as shall be detershy
runod by it to be just
RTICI~ 17 Judgment end Review The Judgment
willmiddotbo onnounced in open court end will give the
reesons on which it is based The r~cord of the
triampl will be transmitt~d directly to the Supreme
Collllander for tho llied ewers for his action_
Sentence will be carried out in accordance with the
Order 9f the Supreme Commender for the llie_d Powqe
who mBy et ony time reduce or otherwise elter the
sentence except to increase ts severity bull
By comm1cnd or GenErl UooRTliUR
RICH1RD J MiREHLL llljor GEnerrl General-Steff cmiddotorpe
Chief of Steff
OFFICIL
s Bl Fitch B l FITCH
Brigrdior Cenorel 1 GD middot djutrnt General
28 bull
ANNEX NO A-6
JUDGMENT
WTIWATirNAL mIITAtv TRIBUNAL FOR THE PAR EAST
INDICT1NT
THf llTTlD STNJES CF AERICA TtE REPUBLIC OF CHINA
THE T~TIID YINGDO CF qEftT BRITAnr AND UCRTHERN
I~EI~D Tl-TE rmrorr CF SOVIET fCCIAUST R)lPT1J3LICS~
TFli COl~C1llUTF OF ~USTRAUA CArADA THE REgtUBLIC
OF fRAlTCE ii KIYGDrl 01 THE NETHERLAlDS NEW
ZlALAm nDI A AND Tl-~ COlJONWEALllI CF liE
PFILirgtn~s
bullAGAINST shy
A~AKI Sedao DCFIARA Kenji liASHDlOTC _Kingoro
FfTA Sunroku FIRANUMA K11chiro HIROTA Koki
HCSRnro Naciki ITGAKIbull Seishiro l7AYA Okinori
KIDO Koichi KDURA Eeitaro rcrsc Kuniaki
~~fTST1I _Iwene lATSTJCPA Yosuke MDTflI middot Jiro
HOTO llkire NAGAPO Osemi CKA Takasumi OKllllA
Shume1 OJlnfA Hiroshi S-TO Ienryo ffiIGlITSU
Memoru SPnrnA Shiretaro SP-IRATORI Tosh1o
~TZJ~I Teiichi TrGC Shigenori TCJO Hideki
UEZU Yoshijiro
Defendants
INDICJ1Ell
In the years hereinafter refe~red to in thie
Indictment the internal and foreign policies middotor JapaL
were dominated ane directed by a cr~inal militarshy
istic clique and such policies were the cause of
serious world troubles aggressive wars end great
- 29 shy
damage to the interests of reace-loving peoples es
well as the interests of the 1apanese peo1e themshy
selves
~he ampind of the Jananese people wes systematicshy
ally poisoned with harmful ideas of the alleged
raciel superiority of ~aran over other peopls of
Asia and even of the whole world Such parllamentarl
institutions es existed in Japan were used as impleshy
ments for widespread aggression and a system similat
to those tren established by Hitler and the Nazi
party in Germany and by the Faicst party in Italy
was introduced The economic and financial resourtef
of lapan were tc a large extent riobillzed for war
a lJiis to the detrinent of the velfare of the Japanespound
pao~le
A conspiracy between the defencants joined in
br the rulers of othr aggressive countries naLely
Tazi Germany anc Fascist Italy as entered into
The rmiddotain objects of tis consiiracy vmiddotas to secure
the dominetion and exrloltation br the aggressive
States of the rest of tte world end to this end
to collllit or encourage the co~mission of crires
against peace war crimes end criries against humanshy
ity as defined in the Charter of this Tribunal thus
threatening end in~uring the basic principles of
liberty end respect fer the hunen personality
In the _rrorotion end accor1plishment of that
achene t~ese defendants taking advantege of their
power and their official positions and their own
personal ~restige and influence intended to and
did plan prepare initiate er vege aggressive ver
- JObull
against the United States of America the Republic
of China the United Kingdoll of Great Pimiddotaain ampnd
trorthern Irelend the 1Tnion of Soviet 50cialist
Republics the Cort1rtonwea 1th of Australia Canada
the Renublc of France the Yingcom of tre Nethershy
lends Pew Zealenc India tte CoJ11onwea 1th of the
Philippines end other reaceful nations in vioetion
of international law es well as in violetion ol
sacred treat- cotJni tme_nts obligetlons and assurshy
ances such plan ccnteu~leted end carried out th~
vibhtion of recognized custoras end conventions of
war b murder in~ niaiming anlt ill-treating prisoners
of war civilian internees end persons OL the high
sees denyine theM edequate food shelter clothing
medicsmiddotl cere or other alrroprifte attention
forcing them to labour under inhwane conditions
end subjecting thera to indignities exploit to
Japans benefit the llenpower snd economic resources
of the vanquished netions plundering public end
private ))ropert1- wantonly destroying cit tms
end villPges beyond eny justification of m1~~tery
neceesity nerretrate mess murder rape pillege
brigEndage torture ampnd other barbaric cruelties
uron the helpless civiliun populetion of the overshy
run countries increampse tre influence and control
of the- mil1t1Jr nnd navel grours over Jepcnese
government offic lels Fnd egencies psyl)hologicelly
prepare Japan-se public opinion for argressive warshy
fare by establishing so-celled ~ssistcnce Societies
teaching netionelistic policies of expansion disshy
seminetinr w~r proprgende end exercising strict
- Jl shy
control over the press rnd redio set up puppet
governuents in conuered countries conclude rlilit-ry
aliicnces with Germn~middot rnd Itrl to enhnce by
military 1ight Jfnrn s progrtrime of expansion
Therefore the cbove nr-ned N2ticns ty their
undersicned representntives ~uly cppoi~ted to
renresent their respective Gover=ents in the invesshy
tigction of the chorges cgcinst end the prosecution
of the middotIe-jor We r Criminrls iiursuent to the Potsdm
Decl~rton of the 20th Jul 1945 end the Instrushy
ment of Surr-rnder of thE 2nd Septerober 1945 0nd
the Chrrter of the Tri bun 1 hereby 0 ccuse cs guilty
in the respects hsrein~fter set forth of Crimes
igcinst Oeece 1rr Grines rmiddotnd Criries gninst wn1mshy
ity ond of rommon Pl1-bullns or Conspircies to collJlit
these Crimes 211 cs defined in the Ch~rter of the
Tribuml end rccordingly n~me rs Defendnts in this
cruse end cs indicted on the Counts hersin1middotfter set
out in which their n-middotns respectively qipe( r ~11
the [bove-n_med individurls
GRCUP NI CRI89 AGAIST FE CE
The following counts charge Crimes against
Feece being Pcts for which it is charged that the
persons naned and each of trem are indivi~ually
resnonsible in accordance with Article 5 and particshy
ularly frticle 5(a) and (b) of the Charter of the
International ilitary Tribunal for the Far East
and in accordance with International Law or either
of them
- J2 bull
CotTNI 1
P11 the DefendMts together ~1th divers other
persons between the let January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
Axecution of a common rlan or conspirac~ and are
resnonsible for all acts performed by themselves
or br anr )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such ~lan or ccnsniraci was that
Japan should secure the military naval poll ti cal
and economic dorinetion of East bullsia and of the
Pacific and Inaian Oceans and of all countries and
islands therein end bordering thereon and for that
nurpose slould alone or in combination with other
ccuntries hevinf sillilar objectii or who could be
indicecl or coerced to foin therein wage declared
or undeclared wer or wars of aggression and war or
wars middotin violetion of international lew treaties
agreements and assurances ega~nst eny country or
countries which might oppose that ~urpose
The whole of the ~articulars in Appendix A
of the Treaty Jrticles in Appendix B end of the
ssurances in bullppendix C relate to this Count
CCUNT 2
~11 the Defendants toqether with divers other
persons between the 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or eccomrlices in tbe formulation er
execution of a cormiddotUlOn 1an or conspiracy and are
resgtonsi ble for ell acts perforr1ed by themEelves or
by an3middot person ln execution of such plan
- 33 shy
The object of such_pian or conspiracy wes that
laren should ascure the military navel political
end economicmiddot dominction of the rovinces of Lieoning
Kirin Heilunpkieng end lehol bein~ perts of the
Re)ublic cf Chine either directl~ or by establishshy
ing a separate state under the control of Jenen
end for that rurpoae should wage declared or undeshy
clared war or wars of aggression end war or wars
in violation of internationai law treaties agreeshy
ments and assurances against the Republic of China
The whole of the Particulors in ~ppendix 1
the following rrreaty rticles in lpendix P Nos 1
to 6 inclusive 8 to 14 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive
32 to 35 inclusive and tlie following ssurances in
~ppendix C Nos 1 to 8 inclusive relate to this
Count
cmrr-1] 3
All the Defendants together with divers other
oersons betveen tbe 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 particpeted as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a corimon ilan or consbull~racy Fnd are
resionsible for all acts perfoned bi ttemselves or
b1 inymiddot )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or conspirscy wes that
Japan should ~ecure the military navel political
and economic doffiinetion of tha Reutlic of Chins
either directly or by estblishingmiddot separate state
or stctes under the control of Japcn Pnc for thct
~urpose shoulc wage declared or unceclared wrr or
- 34 shy
wars of age-ression end wer or vars in violation
of international law treaties agreements and
assurances agein~t the Rerublic of China
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix l end the sane Treaty rticles and ssurances as in Count
2 relate to this Count
CCTJNT 4
11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons betwemiddoten tle stmiddot Zanuory 1928 and the 2nd
Senterrber 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instieotors or eccomrlices in the formulation or
execution of a comrion lan or cons1gtiracy ind ere
resnonsible for ell sets performed by themselves or
b any person in execution of such plin
The object cf such plan or ccns~iracy was that
Jenan should secure the 11ili tary nuvel political
and economic do11nation of East sia and of the
Facific ond Indian Oceans tnd of ell countries end
islands therein or borderinpound thereon end for thet
purrose should alone or in coabim tion with other
countries bovine sniler objects or who could be
induced or coerced to Join therein wage declared or
undeclered wer or we-rs of aggression and wer or
wars in violPtion of internationhl la~ treaties
egreerents )nd assuu-nces egt-instmiddot the Pnited Strtes
of neric11 tre British Conmonwealth of Nutions
(which expression ~herever used in this Indictment
inoludes the UnitedKingdom of Greot Britsin end
Northern Ire lend the Commonweel th of bullustrelil
CFOds Jew ZePlond South ifiicE India Burma thbull
- 35 shy
I~P lay States end all other narts of the Eri tish
Erpire not serarately represented in the League of
Nations) the Republic of France the lingdom of
the letherlends tre Republic of China the Republic
of Portueel the Kingdom of ~hailand the Cororronshy
wea 1th of the Philippines ana tle tTnion of Soviet
Socialist Reublics or such er them as might oppose
trat ptlIJOOSB
Tle whole of the Particulars in Aopendix A
end of the ~reaty Articles in A9pendix P and of the
Assurances in Appendix C relete to this Count
CCUtT 5
~11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons beteen tJie 1st lanuer 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 rarticipated es leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a conunon plan or conspiracy and are
responsible for all acts performed by themselves or
by an person in execution of such plan
The ob1ect of such plan or conspirec was that
Germany Italy end apan should secure the military
navalmiddot politicalend economic doriination of the
whole world each having special domination in its
own sphere the sphere of Japan covering East tisie
the Pacific and Indien Oceans and all countries end
islands therein or bordering thereon end for that
nurnose should mutually assist one another to wage
declared or undeclared war or wars of aggression
and war or wars in violation of international law
treaties a~reelents end assurances against any
countries which might o~~ose thet ~~rpose and parshy
ticularly against the United States of America the
British Comraonwealth of Nations the Renublic of
France the 1ingdcm of the Netherlands the Republic
of Uhina the Republic cf Portugal the Kingdom of
Thailand the Commonwealth of the Philippines end
the Union of Soviet Socialist Renublics
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix A and
of the Treaty ~rticles in lppendix 1 and of the
Assurances in ppendiz C relate to this Count
CCUNT 6
hll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928middot
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression end a war in violrtion of intershy
national law treaties agreSlents andassurances
against the Renublic of China
The followingSections of the Particulars in
lppendiz rros l to 6 inclusive end the same
Treaty rticles and Assurances as in Count 2 relate
to this Count
COTThT 7
lll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression and a war in violation of intershy
national law treaties agreements end assurences
against the United States of rmerica
The followine middotsections of the Particulars in
1ppendiz middot Nos 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10_ tle folJowshy
ing Treaty ~rticles in Appendix B Nos l to 10
bull 3T bull
inclusive 17 to 19 inclusive 22 to )5 inclusive
end 37 and the whole of the f surences in ppendix
C relate to this Count
CCUNT 8
Ill the Defendants between the 1st Jenury
1928 end the 2nd September 1945 planned and preshy
pared a wer of aggression end e war in viohtion of
international law treaties agreements end assurshy
ances epeinst the lTnited lingdom of ltlreet Britein
end Northern I~elend enc ell rerts of the British
CommonwePlth of Nations not the subject of separate
counts in this Indictment
The following Sections of the ~erticulors in
lpehdix middotbull N~ J 4 5 6 7 9 End 10 nd tbe
fcllowine Trepoundty 1rticles in ppendix B Nos 1 2
5 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive 32 to
)5 inclusive 37 and J8 and the whole of the
bullseuronces in 0pendix C relate to this Count
C(ITJT 9
All the Defendentsmiddotbetween the 1st January
1928 fnd the 2nd September 1945 plEnned end preshy
prred e war of eggression Ende war in violcticn of
internntion~l low treaties egreements anQ assurshy
ences geinst the Cor1nonveilth of ustralie
The sene Sectiofts of the Portioul~rs in
ppendix rnd the some Trety middotrticles poundgtnd ssurshy
~noes rs in Count 8 relrte to this Count
- JS shy
COTHT 10 bull
middot11 tl-J e Defencrrts between the 1st Jonu~ry 192
end tbe 2nd Seutember 1945 plnned cnd prepmiddotred e
wFr of nRression ~nd WPr in vlolbulltion of intershy
nctionamiddot1 l~w tre 0 tics rgreeuents rnd essurampnC6S
cpPinst Rew 7eelrnd
The s~le Cections of the ~rticulirs in ~ppudi
Z end the SEmiddotme Trety rticles end )ssurrnces fS i1
Count 8 relcte to this Count
CCTT 11
111 the Delend~nts beteen the 1st J1middotnurgtry 1921
rnd the 2nd Se~tcober 1945 plnned and prepcred
war of oegression ~nd c wrr in viot~iion of intershy
ntioIel lr-w treeties rgreenents rnd essuronce
rgoinst c~nd3
The srme Sections of the ~rrticulfrs nprendi
middot end the s~ne Trerty rticles nd ssur-nces- rs in
Count 8 relFte to this Count
CCITI 12
f11 tto Dcofendnts between tbe 1st i nury 92
ena tr e 2nc Sef)tenter 1945 ~lenned ~nd nrapired 8
wor of -egresson ind c Wr n viohtion of intershy
nrt~omiddotmiddot--1 lrmiddotw trampcties Fgreenents ~nd cssur~middotnces
against India
The ssroe Sections of the rarticu~ in ~ppendiJ
and the sar-e Treaty rticles end ssurarces as 1
Connt 8 relate to this Count
~ 39 shy
C()TJT 13
~11 the Defendants between the 1st JenuPry 192
and the 2nd September 1945 planned end nrepered a
war of aggression and a wer n violction of intershy
national law treaties agreenents end assurances
against the Corironwealth of tle rilirmiddotnines
The sane Sections of the ~artcul9rs in ppendil
and the ss~e Treaty ~rticles end tssurances as in
Count 7 relate to this Count
CCTTT 14
11 the Defendants between the 1st 1enuary 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 ~lenned aad prersred a
wer of aegression znd a wer in viclEtion of intershy
national law treet-ies egreeraents end assurauces
arainst the Kingdol of the ~TeterlEltnds
The following Sections cf the Particulars in
ppendix ~ 11os J 4 6 7 9 and 10 the follcwshy5 ing Treaty rticles in ppendix R Nos 1 to 5
inclusive 10 to 18 inclusive 20 22 to JO inclusivf
32 to 35 inclusive 37 a~d 38 end tte f ollovin~
sur~nces in ~-pendix C tlos 10 to 15 inclusive
relate to this Cou~t
CrTl 15
11 the Defendnts between t~e 1st January
1928 end tr e 2nc1 Se[lterber 1945 planned end
~repered a var of fression enc a wer in violeti_on
of internetional la~ treities aerreerents end
assurences agaicst the Rerublic of ~ranee
~te following Sections of the Particulors in
- 40 shy
ppeniix middot osbull 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 tre
folloving Treaty ~rticles in ipendix B Nos 1 to
5 inclusive 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to 30 inclusive
and 32 to 38 inplusive and the follobulling Assurmceio
in ppendix C os 14 and 15 relate to this Count
COTl 16
11 the Lefendants betveen tle 1st anuary
1928 and the 2nd Sentember 1945 1anned and preshy
rsrecl a war of afgression encl a buller in violation of
international lew treaties agreements and assurshy
ances apeinst tte Lingdcm of Theilend
The following Sections of the ~erticulers in
ppendix bull Nos 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 and
the followin Treaty middotrticles in middotpenCix B lJos
3 4 5 JO end 32 to 38 inclusi~~ ~elate to this
Ccunt
crHT 17
111 the Defendants between the 1st January
1928 and the 2nd September 1945 planned end rreshy
rered a wer of afgressl en and a r in viohtion of
international lav treaties i_reerents ond assurshy
ances qeinst t~ e ncn of Soviet ~ocialist
Renublics
Tre followinr Sections of the amprticulars n
bullnendix bull Nos 1 to 8 inclusive ancl the folluing
Jreety middotrtic] es Lmiddot lenclix B os 1 to 5 inclusive
10 to 18 inclusive 32 tc 35 inclisive 39 to 47
inclusive Pnd middotmiddotssurence Ho 13 in npendix C
relEte to this Count
- 41shy
CCF 18
middothe Defendents 1KI DCFIR RfSHIMOTO
I1 bullm1- bull IT bullotTI Kcrsc rJI I cKrt 11IGELITSU
TC10 and middot~rzu on qr ebout the lftth Septerber 1931
1nit1eted a wer of aggression and a warin violation
of internetionel law traaties egreeLen ts und
assurances egainst the Republic cf China
Rection 1 of the Terticulr in ppendix
ond the followinf Treety rticles in trpendix f3 ~cs 1 to 5 inclusive 11 to 14 inclusive 22 23
25 30 40 to 43 inclusive rehte to this Count
CC1t 19
The Dereridfnts CllI I lCFIRR p middotSPIClO
fTbull RIl~ll PI1CTmiddot EOSfHO IT~KI I1Y IGDO
HTqlJ TTT( SUZUKI TOJC ind UMEZU on or about
the 7th July 1937 initiated a ~er of aggression
rnd e wrr in viohtion of internc-tionel lrw tre~ties
Egreea~nts nd 2ssur2nces egtinst the Republic of
Chine
Section 2 of t~e ~rticulpoundrs in ~rpendix ~ the
same rety middotrticleuros rs in Colrnt 18 nd the folloving
tssur~nceuros in middotnnenrx C os 3 4 ~nd 5 rel-te
to this Count
err_ 20
he Defandmiddot rts DCPJ l PilTJl FrCTmiddot
FCll-fIPO ybullmiddotr I~IDlt ITIJRI lUTC ~GYO OK~
r~~ Smr siT111nr S~ZUI TC0C ~nd TC70 en or
bullbcut the 7th Dscecter 19Ll 1~itiatee ~frac12~r of
rg~r0se ion ~ rc ~- wltr in viol tlcl cf internt i_onc 1
- 42 shy
bull lew treeties middotrreenents end cssurnces grinst
the United Stltes of merice
Section 9 of the Terticulers in Pendix
the follow in~ Treatmiddot r~icles in npencix S ifos
1 to 9 inclusive~ 19 22 tQ JO inclusive )3 34 end
37 and the whole of the t~surances in 1ppendix C
relate to this Count
ccrn 21
The same Defend9nt~ es in Count 20 on or about
the 7th December 1941 initiated e var of aggression
an~ a wer in viol2tlcn of international law treatie~
agreellents en( assurances aga~nst the ~orllonvealth
cf tte Trili-pines
The sane Jart i_cbullilere Treat~middot frticles and
~ssurances 1s in Count 20 relate to this Count
CCIJT 22
The ssLe Defencl11ts as i- Coant 20 cn_ or about
tbe 7th Decelber J941 iitiated a var of aeressicn
ana a war in viol2tion of internat~unal las treatie~
agree1nents and assurances afainst tbe ritish
rcnnonwealth of Natcns
Section 9 cf tte Perticalr s in ppendix
thegt follovinf Treaty rticles in pnenciix B Nos
J to 5 inclusive 19 22 to JO ~nclusive 33 and 37
and the hole of the ~ssurences in rppendix C
relate to tr is Cobulltnt
Tte lefendsnts tlrI )CEIPmiddotq 1IPrmmiddotmiddot
- 4) shy
HIROTA HOSHINO ITICKI KIDO W TSUQKJ liUTI
NCJNO SHIClITSU end TOJO on 0r ebout the 22nd
Se~tember 19~0 initieted ewer of errression end
e ~Br in violetion of international lEw treetiFs
egreements end essurences efeinst the Re~ublio of
Frence bull
The seme Perticulers Treety Jrticles end
Ps~urences sin Count 15 relrte to this Count
CcUfilZh
The srne tefendants es In Count 2J on or Eboui
the 7th Decembfr 1941 initietec ewer of errression
and a ~Pr in violetion of internetione le~ treeties
egreements enc assurances e~einst the Kinrdom of
Theiland
Section 7 of the Particulars in A~pencix A end
the following Treety Jrticles in Appendix B Nos l
to 5 inclusive 33 34 36 37middotend 38 relete te
this Count
QOUNT 25
The Defendents ATJgtKI DOHIHJRA HJTA HihANUMA
HIROTA HOSHirO ITJCJII KIDO MATSUOKJ Mi TfUI
SHIGUITSU and SUZUKI curing July end August
1938 inititec ewer of Pffression end ewer in
violetion of internetional lautrerties egreements
enc es~urences by ettecking the Union of Soviet
Socielist Re~ublics in the eree of Lake Khasan
The serne Perticulers Trerty Articles end
Assurences es in Count 17 1 relate to this Count
- 44 shy
CCTTTlT 26
The Defendents middot-~YI )CHlli1U HT BIRcll
ITGU(I lIDC HIS lTiTTI lTSUCK 1 ~UT0 SUZUmiddotI
0GC TCJO end nnztr durin the summer cf 1939
initiated a war of sgrression and a vsr in violoticn
of international lev treeties agreements and
assurances by attacking the territory of the
J~npolian Peonlebulls Republic in the area of the
Kha1khin-Gol River
The same eirticulars Treaty rticles and
ssurcnces as in Ccunt 17 relate to this Count
C(TJT 27
11 the Defend5nts bet~een the lEth Septenber
1931 end the 2nd September 1945 waged a wer of
aggression 8nf a bullrr in viol~tion of intern~tionel
lew trecties fgreenents and assurances flfeinst the
Republic of Chine
The seme Perticulars Trety rticles snd
~ssurrnces ~sin Count 2 rel~te to this Count
C(T~T 28
11 tte Pefend~nts between the 7th July 1937
end the 2nd Setenber 1945 wared s wer of aggresshy
bullsion nc1 r ymiddotr in viol~tion of internctioncl ltw
trertilss egreerJGn ts end ssurnces rgiinst the
Re~ublic of Chine
The SfMe Perticulcrs Tre~ty rticles 8nd
ssurrnces -s in Cmiddotunt 2 relute ~o this Count
- 45 shy
CCUlT 29
ll the Defendents between the 7th DecElllber
1941 ~nd the 2nd September 1945 wnged 6 wrr of
rggression end c Mr in violation of intermtionel
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
United~tates of tmerica
The following Sections of the ~articulers in
pp end ix i1 os 4 middot to 10 inclusive and the sane
Treaty ~rticles and ~ssurences as in Count 20 relate
to this Count
COlP1 JO
Lll the Defendsnts between the 7th Decenber
1941 and the 2nd Spte~ber 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violetion of international
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
Corlllonweslth cf the ~hili~pines
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles and
1ssurances as in Count 29 relete to this Count
crrJl 31 middot
Ul the Defendrnts betveen the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd Se1Jtember 1945 waged a Viar of
apgression and a wer in violatiog of internationalbull
law treaties agreerents end assurances against
the Pritish Corinonviealth of Nations
~he followin~ Sections of the ~articulars in
Appendix J Nos 4 to 10 inclusive and the same
Treaty bullrticles end ssurances as in Count 22 relate
tc this Count
- 46 shy
CCTTJ 32
All tte Defendants between the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd September 1945 waged a 11r of
aggression and a war in violation of international
law trestles egreeuents end assurances agenst
tte Kingdom of tce lf1therlands
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles sne
rlssurances as in Count 14 relate to thisCount
CC 33
The nefendsnts tRTi 001smiddotnmiddot IRNUt
FIlCT~ FNFnH lTlYI YID0 ~TSTTCK IUTO
1GW0 SIG~I5 end TCJC en end after the 22nd
Septelber 1940 vaged a war of algressipn end a
war in vbullolltion of ~nternetional law treaties
arreenents end assurances against the Republic of
France
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles end
cssurances as in Count 15 relate to this Count
middot CCUNT 34
_11 tre Defendants between the 7tl Decemberbull
1941 and tbe 2nd September 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violttion of international
law treFties agreenents and assurances against
the lingdon of Treilend
middot Tte sene erticulers and Treaty rticles as
in Count 24 rBlete to t~is Ccunt
CCIDT 35 bull The smiddotme Defendants ss in Count 25 during th
- 47 shy
SWmer of 1938 waged a war of aggression and a war
in violation of international lew treoties agreeshy
nents an~ assurances against the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics
The same Particulars Treaty rticles end
lssurences es in Count 17 relte to this Count
CCUc 36
The seme Defendunts ss in Count 26 during the
surller of 1939 eged a Yer of aggression in violashy
middottion of intermticnfl lew treaties egreements poundmiddotnd
essurlnces egeinst the rmiddotonrolifn Peoples Republic
and the Union of Soviet Socielist Renublics
The SFMe Flrticulers Treaty lrticles end
ssurr-nces ts in Count 17 rele te to this Count
ltmCUlt TWO U1DEl
The following Counts chrrfe the crimes of
raurder enltl conspirecy to murder being ects for
wlich it is chi-reed thtt the persons nmed rnd ecch
of thim rre individully responsible being poundt the
seoe tine Crirnes cgcinst eoce Conventionil Wer
Orines ~nd Crimes poundguinst Humeni ty contnmiddotrJ to ell
the 1J-ragrrhs of rticle 5 of the s~id ChArter to
Internrtionmiddotl Lrw ~nc tc the middotaoL1estic lews of ell
the countries where cor-oi tted including Jrbullpr-n or
to one or ~ore of them
CCl 37
The Defendints DCPIF cl FTR 1JTnt FIRCT
- 48 shy
HCSFINC KAA I(ID0 lIlURA ~me tAGATC CYA
0SrA S~( iltJlADA SJZTTlG 00( end JCJC togethe
~ith divers other per~ons between the 1st iune
1940 and the 8t~ Decet1ber 1941 rarticipated es
leaders organizers insti~ators or accoLplices in
the formulation or execution of a corilon rlan or
consnirecy end are responsible for all acts pershy
formed b themselves or by any person in execution
of such plan
The object of amp4ch ~lan or conspiracy was unlewshy
full~middot to kill and murder the persons described
below by initiating unlegful hostilities against
the United States of bmerica the rorutonwealth of
the rhlippines the British Colraonwealth of Iletions
the Kingdom of the lfotherllnds nd the Kingdoa of
The llend sne unlewf111ly orcering causing end ershy
ciitqng the ermed forces o JaJen to attack the
territory ~ti-s ~nd eir1lenes of tbe said netions
er sore of tJierl et tiL1es when Japan vioulu be et yeece
vith the said cstons~
che r-erscns intenled to be lilled end rurdered
were eJl such rersons both members of the armed
forces of the seid nationsand civilians es might
te~nen to be in the places et the tues of such
attacks
The said hostilities end attacks were unlawful
bscause they ~ere breeches of Treaty Article 5 in
Anpendix B enf the accused enc the said armed forces
of Japan could not therefore acquire the rights of
lawful belligerents
The accused ~nc each of the~ intended that such
- 49 shy
hostilities stoulc be initiated in breach of such
Treaty ~rticle or were reckless vhether sucb Treaty
Article would be violoted or not
COTT JS
he Defendante DltHIFARA FIP~~1um nroT ~
V(l~I0 ~6t iITJC IlT~~ ATSUCKA fJTO r~GUO
CK~ (ltHD~ STC SHD~~DA suzrnI TOQO ond TOJO
to~ether with divers other ~ersons between t~s 1st
J1me 1940 and the 8th De~erruer 1941 partici)Jtted
as le6ders organizersmiddotinstgators or accomylices
in tle forllulrtion or executicn of o COLlJon rlan or
cons~irac~ end are resnonsibla for all acts pershy
formed by ttemselvss or by sny person in execution
cf such 1an
The object of suchJJlon or consnirecy wes unshy
lawfully to kill and murder the persons described
belov bibull initiating unlawful rostilities tgainst
the Uni tecI States of tmerico the Comronweal th middotof
the Thilip~ines theuro ~ritieh Cormonwealthof Notions
the Kingdon of the etherlcnde and tre l(ingdcm of
Thai lent end unlewftlly order inf causng and pershy
nittinc the armed forces cf Jicen tmiddoto attack the
torritor~ ships oud airlanes of the soid notions
or sone of treuroll
The middotersons intended to be killed enc murdered
were all such ~ersons both oembers of the aroed
forces of the said natons end civiliens as mifht
happen to be in the olaces at the tiues of such
attacks
The said hostilities ond attacks ware unlawful
- 50 shy
because they were breaches of Treaty Articles 6
7 19 33 34 end 36 in Appendix Bena the accused
end the said armed forces of span could not thereshy
fore acquire the rir-hts of lawful b~lligerents
The accused end each of then intended that such
hostilities should be initiated in breech of such
Treaty ~rticles or were reckless whether such Treaty
Articles or any of then would be violated or not
C0T11 9
The same Defendants es in Count 38 middotunder the
circumstances ellered in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing ceusinr end ermitting the armed forces of
Japan to attack tle territory ships and airplanes
of the United States of America with which bullnation
Jinien was then et peace at middotPearl Harbour Territory
of Hawaii on the 7th December )941 at about 0755
hours (Pearl Harbour time) unlawfully killed and
murdered Adniral Kidd and ebout 4000 other oembers
of the naval end nilitary forces of the United State
of America lnd certaii civilians vJiose nanes and
nurnber ere et present unknown
CfTmiddotT 40
Tee sane Defendants as in Count )8 under the
circur1stances elle~ed in Counts 37 and )8 by ordershy
ing causin~ end rerrnittinR the armed forces of
Japan to attack the territory end airplanes of the
British Conmomealth of Nations 1th which nations
Japan was then et reece et Iota Eahru Kelenten
on the 8th December 1941 et about 0025 hours
- 51 bull
(Singapore ti11e) unlawfully killed and murdered
certain menQers of the aroed forces of the Pritish
Commonwealth of Nations whose names end number are
at present unknown
comrr 41
The same Defendants as in Count 38 under the
circ110stances alleged in Counts )7 end J8 by ordershy
ing causing end rerr1ittini the a rfled orces middot of
la pen tc etteck the terri tor sb 1ps end airplanes
of the ritish Comnonwealth cf Nations with v1lich
nations Janen was then at peace at Rone Kong on
tte 8th Decenber 1941 at ebout 0800 tours (Hong
Kong time) unlawfully killed and murdered certain
members of the armed forces of the British Coraonshy
wealth of nations whose names end number are at
present unknown
CCTTNT 42 The same Defendants es in Count 38 under the
circumstances alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing CIJUSing end pernitting the arHed forces Of
Jepan to et tech H IS ETRiL a ship of the British
ComtonY-eelth of lpoundtio_ns with which nations Japan
wes then rt eece et Shibullnghei on the 8th December
1941 et cbcut OJOO hours (Shcnghei tine) unlawshy
fully killed r nt rurdered three members of the navel
forces of the ~ritish CoILlonweelth of Nations whose
names ere et present un1ltnovin
52 shy
crT1T 43 the som~ Dcfcndcnts os in Count 38 under the
ciroumstFnces alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing causing end rermittin~ the armed forces of
Jeren to ettecl the territory of the Corimonvmiddotealth of
the ~hilipnines vith which nation Japan was then at
peace et Deveomiddot on the 8th December 1941 et about
1000 hours (anila time) unlawfully killed and
murdered certain mElllbers of the armed forces of the
United States of America end of the armed forces end
civilians middotor the comiddotlLlomealth cf the Ihilippines
whose nomes end number ere at TJresent unltnown
CCUNT 44bull All the De1endents together with divers other
persons between the 18th S~pternber 1931 and the 2nd
Septenber 1945 ~erticipeted as leo~ers organizers
instigetors or eccollTJlices in the 1orruletion or
execution of a coJnon plan or consiiracbullmiddot end ere
resryonsible for ell Acts performedmiddot by theuselves or
by any person in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or consiracy was to
)rocure end permit tte- riurder on a wholesale scale
of prisoners of wer MEfubers of tht ermed forces of
countries opposed to Je~ Egtn vho id-ht le~ down their
erlls enc civilians who niht be in the rower of
Jepcn on land or sea in territories occuried by
Jaron end crews 01 shi s destromiddoted bmiddot Japinese
forces in ruthless ~ursuit of victory in the unlawshy
1ul wrrs in which Japan was or would during the
said period be ~1J8oged
- shy
CCGNT 45
The Defendcnts ARAKI L~S-Il-CTC FATA EIRJJlUlA
prqc-r abull IT ~GtYI Y- f A JIDo HATSUI mrrc SUZTTKI
rnd UHEZP on the 12th December 1937 rnd succeedinf
dcys by unl 0 wfully oreering ciusing nd peroitting
the rrmed forces of Jqfn to ctt~cl ~he City f
NPning in breach of th3 Trerty Articles ~ientiond
in Count 2 hereof tnd to slr-ughter the ihhabitents
contrcry to internrtioncl lcw unhbullwfully killed
rnd Murcered Many thousands of civili~ns end disermed
soldiers of the Re~ublic of Chine whose nemes nd
number 01re rt preEent unrnovm
CCTfT 46
The sme Defenccmiddotnts i s in Count 45 on the 21st
Cctobor 1938 end succecding dt1y s by unlswfully
ordering CUsing rnd rern11tting the rrr1ed forces
of Jrrcln to ittck the City of Canton in breech of
the TreAty ~rticles montioncd in Count 2 hereof ~nd
tc sbuehter the inheibi tilnt s contrrry tci interndegtiollf
lcw unlawfully killed r nd nurdered l~rge numbers
of ~ivilisns end disvrmed soldiers of the Republic
of Clini vhose nrmes r rc number cre st present
unknown
C(TJ 47
The scme Defendcnts rs in Count 45 prior to tte
27th October 1938 end on succeeding dsys by
unlawfully ordering cuusing ~nd pern~tting the
nmed forces of Jrpon to cttcct the City of Hcnkow
in breech of the Trenty ~rticles mentioned in Count 2
- 54 shy
bereof and to slaughter the inhabitants contrary to
internatioal law unlavfully killed and Murdered
lerge nllllbers of civilians end disar1ec solciers
of the Oepublic of China wtosa narces and nU1ber ere
et Tresent un1middotn9wn
C01-l 48
The Defendants EATA rrnc 1crso StTC SlIGEshy
EITSTT Ter end mrzu prior to the 18th June 1944
end on succeeding days by unlawfully orderi11euro
causine and arnitting the erled forces of Japan to
attack the City of Changsha in breach of the Treaty
Articles nentioned in Count 2 hereof and to slaughter
tle inhlbaents contrary to internaticnal law unlawshy
fully killed and murdered nany thousands of civ~lians
end di sarnec solders of tte Republic of China
whose nales and ru11tbcr ere tt resent unknown
COHFT 49
Tte S~ne Defencants as in Count 48 prior to
tte ett luiust 1914 ampnd on succecdin[ days by
unlamiddotfull order ins csusin[l end pe t tin the
eried forces of caigtan to attack the City of lengyen
in tre rrovince of H11nen in breach of the Treaty
trticles mentioned in Count 2 hereof end to slaufhter
the inhebi tents contrary to intermitioal lampv unlawshy
fully killed and nurdered large nuribHs of civilians
enc disarmed soldiers of the Republic of China whose
neMcs and nunber erE it present unknown
- 55 shy
CCTTIT 50
The seme Defendants as in Count 48 prior to
the 10th Noveirber 1944 and on succeeding days by
unlawfully orderine causing and pernitting the
arr1ed fo~ces of Japan at attack the Cities of Kweilishy
and Liuchow in the Province of Kwangsi in breach of
the Tre~ty Articles mentoned in Count 2 hereof and
to sleUfhter tte inhabitants contrary to internatiom
-law unlawfully killed end murdered large nuabers
of civilians and disarmed soldiers of the Republic
of China whose names and number are at present
unknownbull
cnTNT 51
The Defendants ARAYI DCEIHARA HATA IlAtUMA
I~G~YI IGDO 1ciso lmiddotATffiTI 14Tsrroy 1middott~C
SUZUKI TCGC TOJO and IDEZU by ordering causing
and permitting ~he armed forces of Japan to attack
the territories of Hongolia and the Fnion of Soviet
Socialist Republics with whicl nations Japan wamps
then at peace inmiddot the reeion of the Khalkbin-Gol
River in the summer of 1939 unlawfully killed and
murdered certain merobers of the armed forces of
onolia me the rrnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
wlose nElti1euroS and nunber are et present unknown
ccmiddotJNT 52
The Defendants ARAII DrHIHARA HT11 FIRANUJIA
FIRCt FCSFTHO ITAGAI-I KIDO l1ATStTCKJI l~TSUI
SEIGlI15CT lttZTJKI and TOJO lJy ordering causing
end permitting the armed forces of Japan to attack
- 56 shy
the territory of the Union of Soviet Socialist
Re1middotublics with Vhich nation Jarien was th~n at peace
( in the region of lake Lhasan in the months of July
and August 1938) unlawfully killed and murdered cershy
tain me1bers of the ermed forces of the rrnion of
Soviet Socialist Rebullmiddotublics whose names tnd number
are at present unknown
GRCPP TIIRpound ccvmiddotrrrbullmiddotn tR CRIS M-Ti CRIES N~middotST Fll1t7IT
The following Counts charge _conventional ier
ir~lles enlt Crir-es egelnst EunaniJy beins acts tor
wrich it is charged that the persons na~ed and each
of them are individually resnonsi ble in accordance
with trticle 5 and particuierly ~rticle 5 (b) end (c
of the Charter of the Interneticnal iilitery Tribune
for the Far East and in accordance with Intershy
national Law or either of them
CCU-T 53
The Defendants DCRIFRA ~Tt -(SJjUC
ITGA1I IAl lILC rc1~~ Iorso urc NtG~NO
CY~ CSHrmiddot~ S~TO SI-IGTSl) mutD STTZULI TOGC
TOJO and UlEZU together with divers other persons
between the 7th Decellber 1941 end the 2nd Se]ltember
1945 ~articipnted as leaders organizers instigashy
tors or accololices in thE formulation or executlon
of a corllon plan or conslirecr and ere res)onsi ble
for all acts perforMed by therselves or br any
rierson in execution of such plan
The object of such olari or consiracy yen1es to
order authorize and r ermit the Co 4ctanders-in-Chief
- -57 shy
ot the levaral Japanese naval and nilitary forces
in each of the several theatres of war in which Japan
was then engaged and the officials of the Japanese
Har inistr~middot and the parsons in ctarge cf each cf
the canps and labour units for prisoners of war and
civilian internees in territories of or occupied by
Ja)an and the military and civil police of iapan
and their respective subordinates frequently and
habitually to co=it the breaches of the Lawsmiddotend
Custcms of 11~ar as contained in and proved by the
Conventions assurances and ~rectices referred to in
l~rendix D against the ermed forces of the countries
hereinefter named end againet many thousands of
ori sonars of war end ci vi liens then in the rower of
Jenan belonpin~ to the Tni ted States of America the
British Colonwealth of rations the Republie of
France the Kingdom of the Netherlands the Cormonshy
wealth of the Flilipines the Republic of China
the Republic of Fortugal Bnd the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics end that the roverru1ent of Japa1
should abstain from takin adequate steps in accordshy
ance vd th the said Conventions and assurances end
Laws and custot1s of ~er in order to secure observenc
end prevent breaches thereof
In the case of tre Republic of China the said
plan or consryirecy began on the 18th September 1931
end the following Defendants participated therein in
addition to those above-named ARAI HASFHOTO
RAlll~ ~(~ lATSTJ middot~Tsnrn1 ~TlrlI
bull 58 shy
C0PNl 54
The Defendants DOFiJEAR~ H~TAHOffiINO ITAGAKI
KAYA Kif-0 YIMURA KOISC MUTO NAGANO OKA OSHIMA
SATC SFIGlITSU 1RIMADA flJZUYI TOGO TOJO and
UEZ1J between the 7th Deceober 1941 and the 2nd
Septeuber 1945 ordered authorized and permitted
the same ~ersons as oentioned in Count 53 to co=it
the offences therein mentioned end thereby violated
the laws cf War
In the case of the Republic of China the said
orders euthorities end permissions were given in a
period beginning on the 18th September 1931 and
the following Defendants were responsible fer the
same in addition to those named above A~AII
FASED0TO PIRUJTJrA FIROTA HATSI AT-UOKA
CCFNT 55
bull The Defendants DCFIB~RA HAT HOSE-INO ITAGfiKI
KrA iID0 YIHlTRP KCIS0 EUTC NAGfNC OKA Ofxllll
S~TC PIGIlITCTT Sl-DiD~ ampJZUKI TCGO TOJO and
tn~zu between the 7th December 1941 end the 2nd
September 1945 being by virtue of their respective
offices responsible for securing the observance of
the said Conventions end assurances and the Laws and
Customs of ar in respect af the armed forces in
the countries hereinafter named and in respect of
many thousands of prisoners of war end civilians then
in the power of Japan belonging to the United States
of rmerice the British Comrn0nwealth of ~fations
tte Republic of France the Kingdom of tle Nethershy
- ~9 shy
lends the Cormonwealth or the hilippines the
Republic or China the Republic of Portugel end the
Union or Soviet socialist Republics deliberotely
rnd recklessly disregorded their legal duty to1toke
rdequete stops to secure the observonce end prevent
brerohes thereof rnd thereby violcted the lows of
wrr
In the case or the Republic of China tha said
offence begFn on the 18th September 1931 and the
following Defendi-nts were responsible for the same
in addition to those nemed above JRtKI FtSHICTO
FRJPlr HROT- ~~-ToTI HTltTOK~ INJI middot
11herefore this Indictment is lodged with tte
middot Tribun~l poundnd tJie chcrges herein mrde agllinst the
ebove-nomsd Defendants ere hareby presented to the
Tribunal
Joseph B Keenan bull Chief of Counsel acting on behalf of-the
United Strtes of merico
Hsiang Che-Chun
~s sooiete Counsel acting on bah lf or the Republic of China
I s Comyns Cirr
ssocilte Coulsel eoting on behclf of the United fingdom of Greet Brtt11in Pnd Northe
Irelond
S bull Golunsky
ssoc1rte Coubullsel ncmiddott1ng on beholf of the Union of Soviet SoerCl1st Re1)ubl1cs
6Q shy
A J 1nsfeldshy
middotmiddotfsocirte Counel rctine on beh0lf of the Comrionwc~lth or ustrelie
II G folen
r ssociete Counsel t cting on behelf of C(mida
Robert bullneto
ssociate Counsel acting on behelf of the Reublic of ~ranee
W G F BoegerhOff ~ulder
ssocirte Counsel rcting on beholf of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
R H quillhm
Jssocitte Counsel Pcting on behrlf of New Zerlrnd
pbullpGovinds lenon ~ s Comyns Carr
ssociete Counsel ccting on behlf of Indi e
edro Lopez
tssociate Counsel actinF on behelf of the Col1Dlonwerlth of the Philippines
- 61 shy
APPENDIX J
SUirlllarized Particulars sho~in the principal Matters
and Events upon which the Prosecution will rely in
support of the several Counts of the Indictment in
Groun Cne
SECTION 1 1
ILIT1 AGGRESSIN HT lANCHURIA
From January lst 1928 onwards there was a plot
in the Japanese Arm~middot and particularly in the lwantun
Army s~nrorted by certain civilians tomiddotcreete an
incident in 1anchuria which should form a pretext
forIepen to conquer occupy and exploit that Country
as the first ste~ in a scheme of eominetion which
later extended to other parts of Chine to the terr1-
tory of the Union of Soviet Socialast Republics
end ultnately to a wider field aiming to make Japer
a dondnent power in the World
The major events in the execution of it were
About 18th September 1931 Following a long
period of infiltration end consequent friction
Je]lenese troons blew ur a portion of the South
anchurien leilwey falsely accused Chinese troops
cf doing so attacked thet end thereafter pro~resshy
sively end repidlr carried out a Ililitery occupation
of the Chinese provinces of Liaoning Kirin Heilungshy
kieng end Jehol (the north-eastern provinces)
About )rd January 1932 Japanese forces occushy
pied Chnctow in sri te of e ssurance given by their
~oreigh Office to the United States on 24th November
1931 that they would notdo so
- 62 shy
Beginning about 18th Jeruary 19Ji Japanese
nevsl and later military forces attacksd the
Chinese in Shanghai
About 28th to 29tb January 19)2 Jaosnese
bonbed Cbsps1 middotat 1215 am
~b0ut 1st Febtusry 1932 Jeysnese viarships
shelled l1smlng middot
Jurin 1932 Jspen set up a separate puppet
novernrient in the said ~rcvinces enc on 15th Ssptsmshy
b~r 1932 officially recognized it
The 1BSn~ss Government which cals into power
on 13th December 1931 and ell subsequent Japanese
Governments adopted supported and continued thismiddot
sggre_ssion end its grsdusl extension over ether pamprtE
of Chins
Jsren delivered no declsrstion of 1ar against
Chine nade no effort to settle the alleged dispute
by pacific means or by mediation or arbitration
rejected on 5th February 1932 an offer of mediatio
by the United States Greet Britain enc ~ranee
refused to Gdopt the repcrt ampnd recommendations cf
the Lytton Commission apTJointed by the League of
Nations of which Jspen end Ctins were members ormiddot
the resolutions of the League and on 27th ]~rch
1933 reslgned froll the League
Cn 18tr ADril 1934 Jersn announced her absoshy bull lute opposition to sny foreign interference in Chins
other than her cwn
On 1st lerch 1934 Jspsn caused Henry Ju Yi to
be in~tslled es the norinal ruler of the so-celled
Stats of JisncbuJuo Nevertheless large Japanese
- 63 shy
crmies continued down to the 2nd September 1945 to
be mdntcined in these t0rritories using th1am s t
bmiddotse for further rggression ~nd to control together
with J_-p~ nse civi lifn offici ~ls the whole Governshy
ment industry nd finrnce thereof
SECTINT 2
1ILITAR GG1ESSINT IN lW REST 0F C-INA
Jor nesc rggressiCn geinst Chin entered r new
phc oe on July 7th- 1937 when her r_rmy invdod Clinc
south of the Grot r11 [nd htr goverruient ndoptcd
supported lt nd continued the rggresslon 111 subshy
sequent J~~~ncse Governments did the scme
Subsequent mbull_ jor events in this ph~middotse wore
-~bout 19th to 25th septembar 1937 Jrpmiddotnese
forces bombed r~cnking rnd Cc nton r nd deli bcrc te ly
killed lmiddot rge numbers of civilLns
- About 13th December 1937 J-p nese forces
c~Dtured fnking slruhtcred mcny thousnds of
civilimiddotns na committed other outr~ges
During 1940 J~prn Sbt up r- soprrto puppet
Governrotnt in those vrts of Chinbull (other thrn the
four north-o stern privinces _ bove-mcntioned) which
sh- then occuied clriming to be the Nbulltion l
Government of the Reuublic of Chinr middot-nd middotbout
0th November 1940 offic1~ lly rccognizod it bullbull rgbullin J~pmiddotn delivered no dcclrrction of wbullr on
Chinr m~de no rttcmptmiddottc settle the lleged dispute
by pbullcific mcns or by medi~tion or ~rbitr tion
refueed on 25th September 1937 to prticipte in
the Frr Erstern fdvisory Cotllllittee of the Lccgue of
Nr- tions rltcfused on 27th October middotnd og-in on 12th
Novzmbor 1937 to ~tt~nd the Conferenceheld t
Brussels of trG other signmiddottories to the Nine-Power
Trerty of 6th Febru~ry 1922 or to qiscuss its
rppliomiddottion refused on 22nd September 1938 to sit
with the Lemiddotguc of H tions to medirte her disrute
with Chin middotnd on 4th Povcmber 1938 decl red thst
the scid Nin~-Fower Trety WS obsolete
Jrpmiddotn continued her militbullry ~ggression in
Chim by cmiddot pturinz rnong other cities Frnkow on
the 27th October 193~ Ch ngshr on the 18th June
1944 Hsn~y-ng on tre 8th tugust Kweilin on the
10th IovmiddotJbcr nd liqchow on the 11th November of
the Sle yemiddotmiddotr r-nd deliber tcly killed lcrg~ numbers
of civ1li 0 ns bull nd committGd othor outrbullges in erch of
the cities ~fori-mmtioned
SECTION 3 ECPT(IC 1 0GRESSJQ-T I CIW lTl) GRlltTFR imiddotsr middotsrmiddotbull
During the period covered by this Indictment
~pmiddotn est~blished ~ gbncrrl superiority of rights
in f-vour of her own ntionmiddotls which effectivamply
eremiddot ted 111onopolics in comrercimiddotl industril middotmiddotnd
finmiddot ncil enterprisas first in lmiddot nchurimiddotmiddot nd 1 ter
in other prts of Chinmiddotmiddot whch c aa under her dominshy
rtion nd exploitad those rcgioiis not only for the
Gnr fobmen t of JmiddotmiddotO n nd those of her nction ls pmiddotrshy
ticimiddot ting in thosG entsrnrises but s -rt of
scheme to 1leken the resist nee of Chiflr to exclude
other -middot tions middot nd n middotticnmiddotls nd to provide funds
nd munitions for further I ggression
li5 shy
This plmiddotn middots w~s the intention of soll~ rt le st
or its oripintors both on its economic rnd militry
side err dumiddot 11 cc me to embrce siuilmiddotr designs on
the remmiddotinder or ~-st si~ middotnd CCOPnio
LntGr it WS officibulllly exprnded into the
Gretcr E st middotsi- Co-Prosperity Sehemc ( a title
designed to cover up ~- scheme for completeJpmiddot nese
dominrtion of those -rcmiddots) -nd Jbullmiddotpmiddotn declmiddotred thrt
tris wbullmiddots tho ultimrte rurpose of the militcry
ocinpr ign
The sbullme org nizltions rs re mentioned in
Section 4 hereof were used for the ~bove purposes
SECTION 4
lrTHCDS CF CCRRTrTI(W tD C0RCINT Tmiddot CFH middotrm OTHltR OCClI~D T~RRITORI~s
Durin the whole period covered by this
Indictment succossive Jrpnese Governments through
their llilitmiddotry 11d nvrl commmiddotnders ~nd civilLn
(gents in Chinmiddot nd other territories which they
hmiddot d occupied or dt3signed to occupy pursued (l systemshy
r tic policy of wemiddotmiddotl-ening the nmiddottive inh-bitmiddotnts will
to re~ist by ~trocities middotnd cruelties by force nd
thre~ts of force by bribery nd corruption by
intrigue r mongst loo~ l poll ticirns nd generr ls by
directly bullnd indirectly eneourmiddotging inerebullsed proshy
duction middot nd importmiddotbulltion of opium nd other nmiddotrcotios
-nd by promoting the Sle nd consumption of such
drugs middotmong such peole middot The Jrpr- nose Govlt1rnment
secretly provided l 0 rge sums of noney which togotht
with bullrofits rroll thegovernment-sponsored tr~rrie
- 66
in opillll end other narcotics and othermiddot trading
ectivitiea in such areas frac12ere used by agents of the
Jananese government for all the above-mentioned
~urposes ~t the seme time the Japanese Government
was actively participating in the rroceedings of the
League of retions Co=ittee on Traffic in Opium and
other Dangerous Drugs and desrite her secret
activities above-mentioned professed to the frac12orld
to be co-operating fullj _with other meL1ber nations
in the enforcement of treaties governing traffi~ in
opiwi end other narcotics to which she was a party
This participation in end sponsorship of illicit
traffic in narcotics was effected through a number
of Japanese goverruiental organizations such as the
lenchurian Affairs Board the Chine Affairs Board
end the Southern Region Affairs Soard which were
combined in 1942 to form the Greeter East Asia
inistry and num-arous subsidiary organizations end
tradin~ companies in the various occunied end soshy
eelled independent (puppet) countries which were
ope~ated or su~ervised by senior officers or civilshy
ienjaProintees of the Army fnd the Navy
Further reve1Ue trom the above-mint ioned
traffic in opium end other narcotics was used to
finance the ~reparation for end waging of the wars
of aggression set forth in this Indictment and to
establish end finance the nuppet ~overnments set up
ly the Japanese overnmeht in the various occuried
territories
- 67 shy
SECTION 5
G-0YRL tgt- ~R TIt Fr1 middotR
Vtith a view to future wars of aggression and in
order to prevent other nations frolll interference in
her war cf aggression alre9dy in prog~ess against
China ~a~9n frorn 1st January 1932 onwards strength
ened her nsvel military nroductive End finenci9l
preperetions for war In particular but without
li~iting th0 above alle~ations
(e) t~VH
bout 29th December 1934 she denounc
ed the 1ashington lkvtl Treaty efter an
unsuccessful attenpt to persuade the other
Signatories to agree to a common upper
limit of global nrvsl tonnage for her own
obvious cdvvntege
bout 23rd J~ne 1936 she refused to
adhere to the London Nevel Treaty
On or about 12th February 1938 she
refused to reveal her nlbullVel building pl1cns
on request by the United St9tes Britein
~nd France
t rll times she secretly increased
her nev~l strength
middott Ell times end especiolly throughout
1941 she Made secret n~vrl plans for the
eurprise attacks which ultimetely toek
place on December 7th-8th 1941 on Pearl
Harbour Sngepore Hong Kong 11aye end
Sh~nghei Od for similer attacks on other
plscemiddots in the Pccific tnd Indien Ccens end
- 68 shy
and on the territocy of the Union or soviet
Socialist Republicsmiddot
(b) MILITARY
Japan continuall7 and progressivel7
increased the size of her arm7 not onl7 as
required for her war of ag~ression against
China but to a larger extent for the purshy
pose of other wars of aggression On the
6th April ~9amp9 she passed a general
Mobilization Law and tmreafter put it
into effect
(c) NAVAL AND MILITARY
Japan cont lnual 17 and progress i vel7
fortified th islands for which she held a
mandate from the League of Nations
Treat7 Articles violated 15 17
18 31
(d) PRODUCTIVE
Japan continuall7 ard progressivel7
increased her capacit7 tor the production
of munitions or war both on her Oiln tershy
ritor7 and in terrltories occupied or conshy
trolled b7 her to an extent greater than
was required for her war of aggression
against China for the purpose of other
wars of aggression
(e) FINANCIAL
The finance for all the above-mentioned
purposes was provided pa rtl7 through the
Budget b7 taxation partl7 by loans ani
partly from the profits of the exploit~ttons
bull - 69 shy
as described in Section 3 herect and
particular y of the sae of narcotics as
described in Section 4 hereof
SECTION 6
THE ORGANIZATIOll OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FlgtR WAR
Two provisions incorporated by ordinance or
custom in the Japanese constitution gave to the milishy
tarists the opportunity of gaining control over the
Governments which they seized during the period
covered by this Indictment
The first was that not only had ttw Chiefs of
Staff and other leaders of the Army ani Navy direct
access at all times to the Emperor but they had
the right to appoint am withdraw the War and Navy
Ministers 1n any Government Either of them could
thus prevent a Government from being formed or
bring about its fall after it was termed In Kay
1936 this power was further increased by a regulashy
tion that the Army and Navy Jlinisters must be senicr
Officers on the active 11st EG the fall of the
Yonai Government on 21st quly 1940 and of the Third
Konoye Government on the 16th October 1941 were in
fact brought about by the Army 1n each case they
were succeeded by Governments more subservient to
the wishes of the Army
Thbull seconi was that although the Diet had the
right to reject a Budget this did not give them
control because 1n that case thbull Budget of the
preceding year remained in force
- 70 shy
middotDurlnr thls middotperiod suchtree Porlie~cntary
lnstutiti~ns es preVi)USly existedwere rttdUnlly
stamped )Ut and a system simllti to the Fascist or
Nazi mooel introducedbullbullThis took derinite shllpe
with the f)rm~tion n 12th October 1940 of the
I11per1al_ Rule Asslsttnce AS9cintion am later or
the I11perlal Rule Assist~nco Political Society
Durlnr thi~ p~ri~ 0 virorus compain r inciteshy
ment to expansion was carried
on in themiddoteorlier
part t the period middotby individual writers end speakers
but rrnduolly this ceme to be orfanized by Government
artnc1es which elso stamped out tree speech tnd
writing by opponents ~r this policy A large number
t sctetics some secret wasalso rormed_both 1n
the Army end Nevy and amonr civilians with similar
objects Opposition to this policy wes also crushed by assassinations ~r lecding politicians who were
n)t considered surrtcicntly friendly to it ond by
rear end threats of middotsuch nssassinatioos The civil and especially the military poiice were else used to
suppress oppositi-m to the wnr policy
The educnti)nal systeos civil military and
nnval were used to ln~ulcate e spirit or totnlishy
t~rienis~ crgrcssion~ desire tor war cruelty and
hatred r ptential e~emies
Successive Japanese_ Governments from early 1n
1936 onwards cultlvcted close relati)ns with the
- 71 shy
totlitr-ri n iovers 1n Luro1gtc Germny rnd Itrly
which hrrboured simil~r designs in relrition to thmiddot
rest middotor the world to those of J~pn in relrtion tomiddot
--~st middotstmiddotmiddot ~nd the Indirnmiddot rrtd Tltc1t1o Ocerns bull
On ToveJ11ber 25th 1936 middotthey signed tli ntishy
Comitermiddotn Pc otmiddot--~ith r middot~e~ret middotJmiddototo~oi nd r Aecret
ilitry Trt1ty directed osmiddott~n~1t1 cgdnst tho U~i6n of Soviot cod11~t ~epubHca i-nci ccimmunis111
~ but ( oturlly designed ~ lso a ( prelude to joint
~gressivc rotion ~n rcnerr 1
v~rious countries under th domin--tion of middotxis middot - ~ -~ bullbull
Powers including the lUppot govrnments of Jnnshy middot1middot bull shy
chukuo _~nd th~ Nr nking Regime in Chinr wer~ degdmi ttlt
to the ~nti7Comintcrn lot
middotuust 1939 extensivE-negotitons werecondilctampd
between J~n r-erm~_ny_~nd Itr-ly rorthe estbullblishbull
ment ofmiddotn econoru9 politiccl bullnd militbullry cllince
On 26th urust 1939 Jmiddot prri throufh her rubrs~
a~dor in 1fshineton ssured middotthe United Stf tea of
Jllericr tht she hbull d decided to b~ndon ny further
negotirtions with middotrerlilny nd Itrlymiddot relctive to
closer rel(tions under the middot nti-Cornintern Jgtbullct bull
rrefoti- tions between Jmiddotpn nd middotGerm ny for the
esteblistmGnt of middotmiddotn econonic politicmiddot l ~nd milikry
pound111nce were resumed in July 1940
Between 13th middot_ugmicrost nd 22nd September 1940
rfterthe rmistice in June 1940 between Germrny
rntl the middotut~oritylimiddotter to be knownFs ths Vichy
1rovernmerit of Fr~ nee subservient to Germ~middotny nd
bullfter the occupction by Germmiddotny of 1( rge prrt of
- 72 shy
frr nee Japan inciuced and_ coerc~d the general gover
ment of Frenchmiddot Ineo-China to enter intomiddot agreements
with herfor mUitary end econ~mic concessions inmiddot
that country and especially the northern parttliere-
of On 22nd-September 1940notwithlltanding agree
ments aigned onthe samedey Ja-enesetroops
attacked French Inda-Chinese uni ts and were met thmiddot
strong re$lstance
en 27th Se)tember 194Q Japan signed the Trishy
Partite Jact vith Germny and ltaly middot
In theearly pert of 1941 Jepentaking advantshy
age or a bounclary dispute raised by heiland against
French Indo-China purported to ect es mediator or
erbitrator_therein butactually brdughtebout a
settlement unduly fevoureble to Thailand middotwith amiddotview
toobtaining heraidin or submission to future
aegression end atthe serre time madefurthermiddotdemands
for military and econonic concessions in French middot
lndo-China bull~be said settlements were finally conshy
cluded on 6th-9th imiddotay 1941
Collllencinlmiddot in the middotletter nertmiddot of February 1941middot
Jel)en and Ger111any conducted negotiations on the
subjept of oint Elli tary ction against middotlgtLgapore
and the territor~ of ot)ler Nations_
On 1st July 1941 German Italy and ell middot middot
Governments subservient to- them inother European
countries at the request of Jepan recognized the
so-called National Government of middotthe Republic ofbull ~
China
On the 12th July 1940 a Friendship Treaty bullmiddotas
signed between Jepan and Thailand
- 7J shy
7romJay to July 1941 Japan further induced
end coerced the general ~overnment or French Indoshy
China to allow Jananese troops to land establish
naval and air baaas end ~enerelly obtain control
over qouthern lrench Indo-China The main purose
on this occasion wee toprovide bases for aggression
directly against the Pritish Common-vealth or lTetions
end the Dutch est Indios and indirectly against
the United States of merica The said agreements
were finally concluded on July 21st and 29th 1941
on which date Japanese forces landed at Saigon
established navel and air bases end generally took
control ofFrench Inda-Chine
Throughout the ebove~mentioned dealings with
Freech Indo-Chine Je~en used the help or Germany and
Italy by coercion upon the Vichy Government cs well
es direct threats or ill6gel force to ettein her
ends
By way o reaction to this aggression and threat
tf furtheraggression the United States of merica
on July 25th end Great Britoin on July 26th froze
the assets ofJapan and Chinemiddotunder their control
rnd opplied other eoon01110 middotpressure agdnst Jcpan
On 25th Tovembermiddot 1941 Jsp1n renewed thlt ~ntishy
Oollintaln rgtect with secret clausesmiddot
Cn ormiddotobout tho let DecGL1ber~ 1941 Jopen
invokillP the Tri-ortite Poet requested Germany nd
Itcly to declare War on the United States after the
beginning of hostilities end tht1t a No middotseperilte
Peace Treety be entered into
On 5th December 1941 Jep4iressured the United
- 74 shy
Stetos ot merico thrt troop movements in French
I_ndo-China were Drecautionery masures
On December 7th-8th 1941 Jspen mPdesurprise
rttecks on territories ot the United States ot
merica the British_ Commonwuelth ot Nctions l1nd
Thdlond usin~ in tbe two latter coses French Indtgtshy
Chinr~ br ee s
Cn the 11th Deceiibcr 1941 Jc pen_ Germiiny rnd
Itrl signed to opbullrbull to Totce rr ct
On 18th Jiinurry 1942 middotc rili ter1 Convention
botween Jbullmiddotn~n cermrny bull_middotnd Itrly wrs signed in Berlin
From 19)6 to 1945 close milittr ncvtl econshy
omic nd diplomc tic co-oper~ tion rmiddotnd oxch nge ot
intormrtion were maintcfned between the r bove three
oountriea t the request ot ~ermnn Jpon trom
the b~ginning ot the wr on December 7th-8th 1941
rdoptcd the Germn polic~ ot r~thless submrrina
Wtrt~re middotnd the destruction or crevs or ships sunk
or o-ptured
By the thre~tenins middotrttitude bullhich Jrprmiddotn mdnshy
tc ined tro111 19)9 to 1941 grinst the Uni_ted Stmiddottoa
or bulliaeriobull the British Cocimonwe~lth otNtions
the Kingdom ot the letherlrnds no the Rerublic ot
Frnce middotnd trommiddot1939 to 1945 (g~inst the Union ot
Soviet Seel~ list Republics 1d by her incru- sing
oonccntrtion ot tr~o~s in regions oonv~nient tor
middotrttrcks Ul)on them she dirtctly bullmiddotssisted Germmiddotny
nd Itnly in their middotw- rs tginst those n tions even
while she rem~inpoundd nominrlly neutrrl
- 75 shy
SECTION 8bull
jGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION-
In the course of many years Japan was continushy
ally preparing war a11d performing11cts of aggressionmiddot
against the Soviet Unhn
bull bull1bull Having faHed ~ he-middot attempt Jo capturemiddot the
Soviet Far East in the period between 19181922 bull
Japan did n~t apan1on the idlao~capturingthe
Soviet areas situated east of theLake-Seykalmiddot
SincltJ 1928 the Japanese GereaJ Steff hld been
planning a war of egfressim against the Union of
Sbullviet ~ocial1~t Republics eager to take advantage
of a chance to start this waz bull
An importrt step ii- th1preparetion nfa war ~
of aggression arainst the Union of Soviet Sochlist1
Republics was t~El ocltupation_of lanchur1a~ 1931 _bull
which a~ we_l~ as KGrea was transformed into a mili 1
tary base for a1tacking the Unio~ or icvi_et SociRlist
Republics in a numbPr of years Railroads and_ highshy
ways vere constructe~ in anchuria after l93~ of
stratPgic importancmiddote and ran towards the frontier of
the Union of Soviet Sociali~~ Rep1bl1cs The -bull
strength of the Kwantung Army ha~ been jncreased middot ~~~ bull bull~ middot _~ J_~j -- --~
from twa divisions in 1931 to fifteen in l94~ bull ~ ~) 1 - ~
A great number of new airfields fort1f1e~ gt middotmiddotmiddot_- ~~middot~
areas dumps barracks sea and river ports destined bullbull bull ~middot bull i ~ middot t lt bull - bullbull bull bull bull
to serve in the war of aggression against the Unicn bull bull bull J bullbullbull - bull bull bull bull bull - ~
of Soviet Social~st Republics were built
In ~anchuria the war industry develop~d at a
fast rate Areas adjacent to the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics frontier were being colonized
- 6 shy
by Japanesereservists with the purpose of strengthshy
middotening the Kwantung lrmyat the moment of mobilizashy
tion Propaganda in the press b radio etc r
directed against the Soviet Union was carried on
111tenselr middotOn Lanchurian-territormiddot Japan organized
and supportedmiddot on a large middotscale ehments from lussian
emigrants hostile to theSoviet Union and prepared
them for hostilemiddotects againstthe Union ofSoviet
Socialist 1epublicsJapan systematically organized
armed middotolasheson the frontierand organized acts of
sabotafe-end terrortstmiddotacts onthe Chinese Eastern
Railroad
InJ9J2 Jaian twice rejected the proposal of
the Union ot Soviet Socialist Republics to conclude
a non-aggression pact
in 1938 Jlpan without declaring war attacked middot
th~ territory of the seviet Union at the Lake hassan
In 19)9 Japan again witheut declaration of war
at tacked the terli tory of themiddot ~middotongolian Peoplemiddot s middot
RepubUc en ally of the rrnion of Sovietmiddot Socialistmiddot
Republics at the Halkin-Gol Rlver (Naoanhan) and
engaged the ongolian Peole s Republic armybull and bull
its allied Red Ar11y bull In both cases Japan pursued the
aim of reconnoitrine themiddot strength of the Rad Jrmy bymiddot
battle and capturing strategic positions for future
war against the trnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
Having been repulsed twice and having sufferedheavy
losses Jmiddotmiddotpan nevertheless did notmiddot stop the preparashy
tiors fora sur~rise attac~ ~gainst the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics
hile Preparinl for the war against the Soviet
- 77 shy
Union Japan during several years carried on
negotiations with Hitlerite Germany end Fascist Itel
on a j~int aggression The principal stages in
this plot or aggressors were the conclusion of the
so-called Anti-Comintern Pact in 1936 and the sirnillf
of the Tri-Partite Pact or Japan Germany and Italy
in 1940 the aim or which was joint aggressive actio1
of these countries against democratic powers among
them the Vnion ~rsvviet $ocielist Republics
In ~rch 1941 while being in Berlin ror the
purpose of plotting with Hitler about e joint aggres
siort against democratic countries thedefendant
~tsuoka was informed by the German _goverllGlent about
preparations by the latter for war against the Uni~n
or Soviet Sociellst Republics s early as t_he
beginnlng or July following e conclusion of the
pact or neutrality on behalf of Japan on 13th April
1941 after the treacherous attack or Germany
egainst the Union or 9oviet socialist Ra~ublics
1atsuoka officially declared to the soviet Ambusedor
in Tokyo that the principal bas1s of the Japanese
foreign policy was the alliance with Germany and
that in case Germany addressed Japan with a request_
for tielp the J)ict middot of neutralty withmiddot the Utiioa ot
Soviet Socialist Republics would not present an
obstacle for Jepen to wege war on the side or
Germ~ny In accordance withthis the governing
militarist clique in lapen in the bullholecourse of
the buller betYlteen Germony end the Union of Soviet
Socialist_Re~ublics wes openly hostile towrrds the
~oviet Unionmiddot maintained a selecte3 arriy on the
- 78 shy
Soviet rront1ers end wes an orgrnizer or a widespreed
prorgrnda aea111st tho Soviet TTnion Jopan octively
helped ~itlariteGermeny providing her with
intormatiqn regording the un~n or Soviet S~c1clist
Republics orgonized pirote ettscks on Soviet merchtnt
shiplling in_ the Far Etat by closing straits estbullmiddotbshy
lishing prohibited zones tnd speciol limited wetershy
weys
To render help to GerlIEny J~ptbulln after Germsnyts
ettack egcinst the Union or Soviet Socielist
Republics in the S111111ler or 1941 doubled the strength
of her E1rmy in rnchuria nnd leter on brought the
strength of this irmy to r million men which necesshy
sitated mrintdning considerrble forces in the Fmiddotr
Eest by the Sevit Union inste~d of using them in the
wrr ig~inet Germnny
In the s0 me summer or 1941 Jfpfn v10rked out e
new Tll~n of surprise rttrck egeinst the Union of
Roviet Socialist 1epublics ~nd kept the Kwentung
Army fully prepred torsuch en cttock She w~s preshy
vented from it not by the poet or neutrality which
i s 1t llll Y be sampen from bove Jeuroptn diregrrded but
b)middotthe successes or the forces or the nnion of Soviet
Socirlist Republics in the w~r fgoinst Germany
SECTIC1 9
JATAfp lFlt TTlTITED S~TES CF fERJCbull TH cr1bullQ1TELTH OF TFE II IPrnns TI ft+ BltITISif cc MOELTH OF rJ TIONS
The whole of the other Sectiols or this ppendix
iro relevrmiddotnt to this Section rnd ere not ropectad
here
bull 79 shy
I
From 1931 until Lecember 1941 relctlons betwee1
Jopn middoton the ona Jr nd rnd the United Stotes of mer le
rnd Gret Brltcln on the other continuously detershy
lorotcd bacruse of Jrrr~s ~g~esslon in E~st ~sir
rnd duplicity in lnternrtionil neeotictlonsmiddot
The TTnlted Stotes of 11erioo rnd 8remiddott Britin
frecuently prctested thct J~prn s militory opehtions
were~ violtion of the provisions of the trecties
mentioned in Count middot2 hereof nd celled the ettentlon
of beth Chine md J~prn to their obligctmiddotions thereshy
under They ~1so declcred thct they would not recogshy
nize ~ny situmiddottion in ianchurlc or elsewhere brought
obout by violrtions thereof
J~pi-n in unequivoc-l tertlS grve rssurrnces thst
she h~d no territori~l mbitions in ChinL thrt she
would respect the open door policy in Chino In
spite of these c siiurbull noes she set up r -puppet
regie in lnchukuo nd proceeded to close the doer
to the TTni ted st tes of middotnericl End British tr11de
ffter tlte consolidrtipn of the linchurin posishy
tion Jln continued her ggressive policy in Est
sir in spite of ossurrncqs tht she hcd no terrishy
toriel ~mbitlons eouth of the Gret frll
The tnited 5tltes uid Grebullt Britdn 1ndervoured
to convince Jp n th~middott her bast interests lY in
perce but it wr-s cler from her Ctions tht she
intended to resort to force to gla neighbouring
countries end territories
During 1935 Jmiddotp-n incrasad hEr mllitrry nd
llfvrl strength middotnd undertook limited militrry
ctivities to extnd her damintion over Chimmiddot The
- 80 shy
United States of America and Great ~ritain continued
to draw Japans attention to her treaty obUgations
but this had no effect on her military activities
In 1936 the United States of America endeavourshy
ed to get Japan to agree to the principle of eauality
in commercial and industrial sp~eres and not to
resort to force to obtain preferential rights This
was also rejected by Japan
In 1937 Japan declared that the principles of
international relationship propounded by the United
States of America were consistent with her own but
qualified this by stating that the objectives could
only be obtained by an understanding of ~he particushy
lar circumstances of the East In 1937 Japan comshy
Ienced further military aggression in China and soon
thereafter the United States of America l)ffered her
good offices in the dispute and appealed to both
parties to refrain from war This ofter wes not
accepted by Japan and the appeal had no effect In
the same year Japan refused an invitation to attend
the Brussels Conference called under the provisions
of the Nine-Power Treaty On August 26th 1937
Japanese forces attacked cars belonging to the
British Embassy in China and on December 12th
attacked warships belonging to the United States of
AMerica and Great Britain on the Yangtze
At the end of 1938 Japan procl~ined her policy
of a new order in 3ast Asia end refused to ~ive any
unconditio~al assurance that the open dnor policy
in China would be maintained
Thereafter many interferences by Japan in
- 81 shy
Jtprnoso controlled territories with the rights or
the United States or ~Aeries end British netonels
took place end in July 1939 the United States or
America gave notice or terminetion or the 1911
commercial Treaty ~it~ Jeen
In September +940 after Japans military
alliance vi th Germany and Italy the United State
ot lmerica was forcedmiddotto place limitations on the
export of iron steel and raY materials to Japan
In arch 1941 conversations between the
Japanese ambassador in - eshington end the United
States Secretary or State took ~lace in an endeavour
bl the ~Tnited States to se~tle outstanding differshy
ences ano to reach a peaceful settlement ihile
these vrere proceeding Jepen continued at e feverish
pace to prepare for war At an Imp~rial Conference
on 2nd July the decision to advance southward
obviously directed against the United States of
America the Kingdom of the Netherlands end the
British CoAmonweelth was reached At a further
Conference on 6th Se~tecber it was decided to open
hostilities against the llited States of America
Great Britain end the letherlends in case the requireshy
ments ot Japan seemed unlikely to be realized by
B901B time clurinf tbe first part cf October On 1st
December a further Conference definitely decided on
war The decisions of the two lest-mentioned Confer-middot
encee were kept secret Cn 7th-8th December 1941
while negotiaticns were still proceeding Japan med~
surprise attacks on territories of the United amptetee
of Anerica et earl arbour of the British Commonshy
- 82 shy
weelth of Nations at Singapore elaya Hong Kong
and Sh~nrhai of the Commonwealth of the Philippines
and of Thailand She delivered no declaration of
war andmiddot to the ritish Commonvealth o~ Tations or
to the Conmonwealth of the ~hilippines no document
ot any kind To the United States of America she
delivered after the etteck a document which did
not end was not intended to cmount to a decleretion
of war
Stie entirslmiddot disregarded all the other Treaty
obligations r-ferred to in Counts 7 and 8 hereof
SOCTJCH 10
Tbe Netherlands ~ast Indies and tnemiddotPortugese
~ortion of the Islend of Ti111or were within the erea
coveted b Japm and described by her tis the Greeter
East ~sie Co-ProsNrity Sphere
In addition to thf general treaties binding
Jepan not to atteck these areas Treaty rticles Nos
20 and 21 refer respectively to these naticns in
terms Ja)en also rod a treat with the Hetrerlands
repardirP the ~est Indies which she denounced on the
12th June 1940 in preparation fer aggression
agai~st them At that time tre hom~land of the
Nethorlends had been recently and treacherously
()Ver-run by JrpaQ s ally Ger111eny end the Dutch
GoverrJJ1ent hbull d been corrpollcd to seek refuge in
ngland Thereefter Je_J n endeavoured to compel thrt
Government to agree toe new treaty on terms unduly
- SJ shy
fovcurable to Japcn but they wore unwilling to do
se The prcperet1ons of Jepcn fore general cggresshy
s1ve wcr in the Fer East included en intention to
invede the c~herlonds tost Indies The occupation
by Jbullpbullmiddotn or French Indo-Ch lna complete in July
1941 end the attecks upon territories of the United
States of tmcricc end tho British Commonwealth of
~rftions on the 7th-8th December 1941 were till prrt
of t plen which ircludcd t n inve sion of the Nethershy
lends r~st Indies This wes spcc1ficclly one of tho
d~cisions of the Jcponeso Imperial Conference of the
6th Se~tember 1941 Consequently the Natherlonds
Government irm~d1ately nfter the lest mentioned
cttacks declrred war on Jepen in self-defence
On tho 11th Janucry 1942 Jepcn invaded and
therefter repidly occupied the retherlcnds East
Indies
On 19th February 1942 Jepcn without ~ny
pretence of right or of eny quarrel vi th the itepublic
of Portugcl invRded ~ortugese Timor end occupiGd
it for the purpose of crrrying on her cggreseive
wcr egeinst ell the ~llied n~tions bull
ll4 shy
APPENDIX B
List of ~rticles of Trenties violated by JrponClld incorporcted in Groups One rndTwe
The Convention tor the Frcific Settlement of Intershy
nc-tion1l Dielutes sigmmiddotd t The Hegue 29 July 1899
The srid Convention wis signed nd r~tifiod
by or on behflf of J-n(n Cnd each of the ~ritions
middot britlf ing thf ct rrgcs in thfs Ind1 ctmltrnt subject to
oGrtotn rcscrvrt1ons not here motoriol
1 Article I
With P view to obvhting rs fr s possiblt-
recourse to force in tho rel~tions between Stctes
the Signrtory Powers rgree to uso their best efforts
to ensure th6 pecific settlcment of internitioncl
differences
2 Article II
In cesemiddotor serious disrgreemant or conflict
before tn bullmiddotppctgt 1 to rrciv middottlle Signr tory Yowers t gree
to middothrve reccurse rs fr rs circwnstbullnoes nllow to
the good offices or medi tion of enc or more friendly0
owers
The Convention tor the ~~eifio Settlement or Intershy
n~tionrl Usputes signed rt the Erguo 18 Ootobor
The sdd Convention ws signea nd rrtitied by
or on behrlf of Jrpmiddotn ~nd ec-ch of the nrtions bringshy
ing the Chfrges in this Indictment with the exception
or the United Kingdom rnd the Union of lgtoviet
Socirlist Republics a-ubject to eertcin reservtions
not here 112tcrimiddotl
bull 85 bull
trtiole 1
With c view to obvirting ~a for ~s possible
recourse to force in the relrtionsmiddotbetw~on Stntes
the Contr~oting ~owers rgree to use their best
offorts to ensure the pr oifio settlemcnt of lntarshy
nrtionrl differences
i rticle 2
In cnse of serious discgreenpoundnt pr dispute
beforc ~n ebulll to ~rms the Contrreting ewers
ogree to hi)ve recourse rs fer cs eiroumstnnoes
rllow to the good 01fioes or medirtionmiddot of one or
nore friendly nowers~
The Hegue Convrntioi lJo III Relmiddottive to the opening
of ~ostilities 1 signsd 18 October 1907
The sold Convention wns signed rnd rrtified by
or on bGhrlf of Jcprn rnd eoch of the notions bringshy
ing tho ohrrgo in this Indictment
rticle I
The Contrrctlng rowers recognize the t host11shy
1tie~ between thrimselvesmiddotmust not co=enoe without
previous Pnd ~xpl1cit ~rrn_ing in the form cltheuror cf
re~ soned declrrtio_n of w~ r middot or of en ultim tllll
with oondition~lmiddotdeolrrrt1cri of wtr
ierr~runt effected by cxohrngo of notes between the
nnitod st~tes bullnd Jrprn 1 signed JO November 1908 1
dGolnrine their policy in the F(lr 0rst
6 2 The Polley of both Governments unlnrlucncshy
ed by rny ~ggreee1ve tendencies ls Olrectod tomiddottho
ll~~JlAC~ ot th( cx1 stDe 41t-tus quo in tho region
f bove-mntloned nd to the defence cf fhe- J)rfao1Jlle
of ()quol opportunity for ciimmercend industry_in
bull 86 shy
Chino
7 3 They ere cccordingly firmly resolved
reciprocmiddotlly to respect the territoriel posssssions
belongint tc ec ch other in said r1agion
8 4 Thy rre clsc deterllined to preserve the
con11on interest or Fell Joyers in Chine by supporting
b~middot l )Citic nens bullt thsir dispos11 the independshy
ence fDd integri ty or Chin End the prinCiJ)l6 or
equel opportunity for cocrerce rn~ incustry or rll
nbullmiddottions in thrt Lipire
9 5 Srould ~ny event occur threrteningmiddotthe
st~tus ouo rs ~-hove described ormiddot the principle or eou~l o~~ortunit~ cs rbove derinedit reragtins for
the two iovernmcnts to coanunicr te with each otbcr
in order to rrrive ~t rn underst~nding es to whet
L1ersures thty mry consider it useful to tcke
The Convention ~nd ~inrl rotocol ror the Suppressio
of the buse cf rpillil nd other DruRs 1 si~ned et
The rbue 23 Jnurry 1912 rnd 9 July 1913
10 Tht sid Convention wrs signed nd rrtified by
middot or on bchr lf of Jrp n r nd ech of the n tions br~shy
ing the chmiddotrees in this Indictnent
Tt c Tremiddotmiddottv of Jefce between tha -bulllliod rnd bullssocimiddotte
Powers rnd GErmlt1ny I signed t Versmiddotillee 1 28 June
1919 known ~-s th Versilles TreEtY
Ii rticle 10 of the Coven nt of tho Legue of
Nmiddottions
The bullclbers of th Lagu undertbullmiddotke to rGspect
middotr-nd preserve bulls middotgrinst extern-1 -ggression the
tcrritoril inteigtrity middot nd existirw polltic-1 indeshy
Tendencs of ~ 11 Jbers of the ler gue In ctse of
any such aggraeaion or in case of any threat or
danger ot such aggression the Council shall advise
upon the Jlleen~ by which this oblitation shall be
tultill6d
12 ~rticle 12 ot the Covenant of the League ot
Pat ions
The lenbers ot the League agree that 11 there
should arise bateen them any fis~ute likely to lead
to a rupture they will subLlit themiddotmatter either to
arbitration or to enquirf by the Council end they
agree in no case to resort to war until three t10nths
after tte ewerd ~Y the arbitrators or themiddotreport by
the Council
l) ert1cle 13 of the Covenent ot the leepue ot
Netione
Tbe embers ot the League aeree that whenever
any ~ls~ute ehall arise between them which they
recognize to be suitable tor suboission to
arbitration end which cannot be satisfactorily settled by diplomacy they will subnt the whole
subject n1Stter to arbitration
Disputes es to the interpretation ot s tresty
as to any euestion or internati~nel law es to the
existence ot any tact which it established would
constitute a ))reach of any international obligation
or es to the extent end nature of the reparation to
be oede tor any such ireech ere declared to be
among those which ere generally suitable tor subshy
111~ ssion to erbitretion
For the consideration of any such clis ute the
eourt of arbitration to which-the case is referred
- 88 shy
~hall be the court erreed on by_ the rarties ~o the
disrute or stiuletec n any convention existing
middot between then
The middotemters or tlle League erree that they will
carry out in fuil ood taith eny av1ard thut iray be
rendered tnlI t~et ther will not resort tower I
against a ember of the league which COll)lies thereshy
with In the event of any failure to carry out such
award the Council shell rropose hhet steps should
middotbe taken to rive effect thereto
14 rtcle 15 of t~e Ccvrnrnt of tte leeeue of
Naticns
If there stould criss betveen embGrs of the
League any ciisgtute lHelJmiddot to lead toe rupture
which is not submitted to arbitration in accordance
with ~rticle lJ the elbers of the league agree
tJiat tJie will tutt the rntter to tte council
Any rortr to the lllsutc 11ey effect igtuch subuislicn
by Pivin~ notice of the existence of the dis~ute to
the ~ecretery-ener11l who hill reke ell nccesslry
arrange bullents for a full investiration and considershy
ation ttereof
ror this ~urncse the nerties to the disnute will
cc~middotaunicete tc the Secretary-Glmiddotnerel es rrolptly as
noeeible stetebullbullnte of their cesa ~1th all the
rtlGvent facts enc papers nd the Council ra foLth- middot
bull1th dir~ct the publicetion thereof
Tte Councl lF 11 nc1eivour _to effect a settleshy
ment of the diE-uts and if such Gfforts fre succoisshy
ful e statGmont ehll t1 ntgtdlt ublic giviie such
ftcts rd elJlanlt l onE rcr[)rdinc tlc disuto igtnd the
- 89 shy
tmiddoteramp1s or settlement therampcr s ttdeg Council EJ deem
s~~rorriete
Jr the dis~utc is not tt-us settled ~he louncil
either un~ninously er by G Ecjority vote shell mcbullEl
c-nd rublish e rellort contllinin tmiddot stcter-ampnt cf thamp
fects of tlo dis~utE bullnd the recorncndticns which
Pr~ deemed just rnd nroner in rcvrd thereto
Any middotmbcr of the Llt-egue rmiddotprcscntd on ths I
Council m~y P-~kc ~ublic e stcte~cnt or tho frets of
the disutc End of its conclusions rcgrding ths
s_fie
If rerort bmiddot the Colllcil is uncnifilously rgrscd
to by the lllbcrs ttereof ether thln the tcprampsampnteshy
tives of on_ er -ore ot ttmiddot rtics to the dispute
the Cecbers ot middot the Lru( bullerco thit they will not
go tc wpound-r Fi tl bullny i~rty to the disrutc which corshy
plics with the rccomntnd tions of tbr rport
If th~ Council r~ ils to re~cr reort which is
unr nirlously greed to b tt~ llCrtLtors thereof o thcr
ttn ttc llrescntitivcs or one or ore of the
p rtics tcgt tt disute t1 l-scbrs cf the Lc~guc
rltscrvc to thelIS-lves th rieht to tki sue bullcti_on
rs tlcy shrmiddotll _consi~cr nccess~ry for the llmiddotiritnbull ncG
of right cncI justice
-r ttn dis~utc bctwccn the irti s is clriracd
by one of thu1 ne is found by the Council to rist
out of ~ a-ttr Nhich by intcrntionJl l~w is solrily
within th~ doJiestic jurisdiction oi th~t pmiddotrty th
Council Eh 11 so rlcrt nd shJ l u- kC no recoshy
P--nd-tion -S to its- settlcnent
r Council JI ~middot ii ny c-- sc undar this
- cc- shy
rticle refer the dispute tc he Assenbly T~e
dlspite shall be sc rcierre1 at t1e recniest of
elt--er party to t1e dis)ute provided that su~h a
reouest be 1iade within fourteen days after the sushy
miss icn cf tie dispvte to the Council
In any case referredmiddot to the Assembl7 all te
provisions cf t1is middotrticle cnd cf Article 12 relat-
ing to the action a-d povPgts cf the Cciuntil scwll
apply -to the action and povrers of the Asser1bly proshy
vided that a report ade by the Assembly if con-
curred in middotbmiddotr the Representatives of those --embers
of t1e Leale re pres ted on the Counc 11 and of a
1ajorit of the othrr middotembers of t1e eaeue c~shy
~lus ive in each case of Representatives of the
parties to the tisputc shall have the saLe force as
a report by the Cou1~il concurrPd in by all the
fieiS thereof othEr than the Rerescntatives of
one or more of the ltJrties tc the disp1te 11
15 Article 22 oft~~ Coven~ntmiddot cf the League of
1-ations
Other peoples especially those of Central
Africa are at such o staJe that the ~ndatory must
be resgtons ible for the aduiis trat ion of the terri tor
urner contitions which wi l ruarantee freec)om cf
ccnscence nnd rel1 middotior SJb Je~t cnly to the ma1ntenshy
cnce cf pc1llJic order end ncrals the prohl1Jitin
of abses sue as t1-middot slave tracc tllc arns tra~ tc
an the-liuor rotfic and the prevent1gtn of the
establishment of fortifications or mllitnry am
na7al bases and of mil1tar trpoundinin of thL natives
for ither than police purposes and the defence of
territor and u1ll aisc secure ebulluai opportunities
- 1 shy
~ tht trrde net oonmcrc ot othr iombcrs ot the
Le~gu- Tter1 ~re tarritories such a South-Jcst
trio~ nd 011rtmiddotin or tho South Jrc1r1c Isl~ nds
hioh owilltl to the ep-rsoncss or their populmiddot tion
or their sror 11 size or their rcr10toness from the
centr6s er c1v1Uz-t1on or their googr-phiol oonshy
t1~middot11ty to the territory or t)s Lmiddotndmiddott_ory bullnd other
oircumstrmiddotnoos or n be best rmiddotdm1n1 starrd under the
l~ws ot th G l-nd tory s 1ntq_trbull l nort1ons or 1ts
territory subject to the s togur rds -_bovo-ncntionod
in the interests or the indigenous popul tion
16 bullrtiole 2J (c) of th~ Covcn nt of the Lemiddotguo of
rrtons
SubjGdegct to nd in ~ ccord nee vith bull the provisions
ot intern ticn middotmiddot l conventions existing or heremiddot ttcr
to bo middot eroed U1on th middotmlicrs ot the lergue bullbullbullbullbull
( o) will entrust tho le guc with thebull gonor l
supervision over the execution of middotgrccmnts v11 th
regmiddot rd to tt e tr trio in WOll3n middot nltJ children middot nd ths
trrric in oiun middotncl othilr d~nFcrcus drugs
Tht l-ndrt- frol tt Lemiddot rue of ~Tbullt5ons pursubullmiddotnt to
t1c Vcrsmiddot 111-s Trcbulltz irde bullt Gcnor 17 kccnbcr 19n
17 bullrticlc )
The lbullnd-tory shll see th t the slmiddotve trmiddotde
is prohibited bullnd th t no forccd lbullbour is porll1tttd
axcopt for esscntimiddotl ublic works ~nd sorvicos ~nd
then onlr formiddot dequ tc romunormiddottion
18 rticli 4 The 1111litc-ry tr ining cf the n t1veuros othtrvise
thmiddotn for ~urpseuros or int~rnbulll ~olioc middotnd the loc 1
- 92 bull middot
detonco ot th t1arritory sh 11 be prohibited
Furthermore no mllitbullry or rmiddotvmiddot l bsos shmiddotll bo
ostblished or tortitiotions orec~cd in the
territory
Tremiddotty botv1ecn th( British Ccllllonmiddot olth middotor n t10middot1s 1
Trnce 1 Jbullmiddotp n nrgt thlt Unitod Str-tcs or llmiddotmiddotric
middot relmiddot tin to thclr Insulr possessions nd middot~nsulmiddotr
pominions n the P-middot oiflc Ccebulln 1 lJ December 1921
The H rGmiddotti W s middotsiend ne rr tlfi1d by the
~ifn tory olcre
19 middotrticlc I
Th Hi~t Contrmiddot ctlne middotrtits grce is bltlt106n
thsmsolves to rcs)oct thdr r_ifhts in rel tion to
their insulr roescssions middotnt ineul r dorunions in
the middotregion o~ the 7 citic Dcemiddotmiddotn
It then should develop betwein ny of the High
Contrbull ctinr ~rtics bull controvCrs rising out or ny
- cific question middot nc involving their srmiddotid rights
thiih ii not smiddot tisf ctorily settled by diploti cy nd
is likely to bulltfect tho he raonlous middotmiddot ccord now hmiddotmiddotppily
subsistinc between ttcm they sholl invite the othir
Hh Contr~ctinr ---rtibulls to joini Contorcnco io
middot vHct tl~ hcl subjlot will be refrrcd tor conshy
sidermiddot tion nit middotdiu~tmnt
Identic Corrunicmiddot ticn ri-do to tb lfothrlmiddotnds Govzrnshy
ment on 4 Fzbrumiddotmiddotrmiddot 1922 on b~hmiddot 11 of thbull- ~middotritish i
Cornnonwe-lth of nmiddotmiddottions middot nd lso mutbulltis mut ndis
on behmiddot lt cf Jmiddotr-n nlt thamp othr --~~era signmiddot tory
to th -~umiddotdrunlr cific Tremiddot ty ot 13 Decltaber 1921
stmiddotmiddottes thbullt shy 20 Ths N1gtthcrbnds not bain sifO tory to tt smiddot fd
- 9~ shy
Tre middotty middotmiddotnci t_h~ Ncthrl nds possession in the region
ot-thc P~riific Ccern thErcforc not being includ~d
in the bullgrccmcnt ref~rred to His Britnnic t~J~stys
Govarnmrnt nxious to for0 stmiddot ll ny conclusion conshy
trmiddot ry to ths sirit of the Trcbullty desires to dGcl~rlt
thnt it is firml~middot r0solvcd to respect tho rights of
the Ncthcrlbullnds in rslmiddottion to ctr insulmiddotmiddotr posscdshy
sions in the region of the Pmiddotcific 0cc n
Idcntic Communic tien 11dE to the ortugucsG Govurnshy
mcnt on 6 Fcbrumiddotri 1922 on behlf of tho British
on b~hmiddot lf of Jbull T n nc th othn owers slpn tory to
the ~u-ar~lE Tclf4 c Tr0middotmiddottbullmiddot cf 13 Decu1ber 1921
stmiddottes th t shy
2~ ~ho ortuguesE not beinp signmiddottory to the s id
-Trebullty nd the ~ortusucsc ~ossess~ons in the region
of the ~~cific Ccc1n therefore not being included
in tte middotgreencnt rsLrrd to E Brlthnic middot jcity s
Government nxioupound to forEJst11 ny conclusion
ccntrbullry tc th fririt of the Trcmiddot t) desires to
acclmiddot re th middotj it is firrillmiddot rosolvcd to respect thfgt
rights of nortugmiddot 1 in rel tion to hor insubr posshy
sessions in th~ i-rion of th TLcific Ccern
Ttc rebull ty bftweon the TTnitcd Stmiddot tcs of lcricr the
Pritish Comcnvomiddotlth oftmiddotmiddot t0ns tlgiuM Chin-
Yrrnc~ Itbullly JmiddotTmiddotn the N~thcrlmiddotnas nd Portupmiddotl
concludedmiddot~~ ~igns~ t middotmiddot~shin~ton 6 P~brumiddot ~y 1922
~c 2middotmiddotid retmiddot wf siv1d middotnd rrtifLd b~middot or on
lmiddot lf cf TbullO-n middot ni middot ct 01 th~ n ticr5 brireine thlt- bull
ctmiddotrPt~ in ttls I~dictntnt ~Ith t~L czc~ption of th~
- 91 shy
Union middotof Sovi~t Sooiel1et Re1ubllcs middot
Article I
Themiddot Contractin~ rowers other than China
eereebull
22 bull ( l) Tu reseot middotthe sovereifnty the independshy
ence end the territorill adilinhtrstive integrity
ot China
2J ( 2) To )rovide ihe tullest and nost unem-
berraesed oportunity toCh1na tc develop end mainshy
tain tor herself en etteotive end stable Government
24 ( J) To use their middotinfluence tor the purpose ot
effectually establiehinv end oainteininq theprinshy
ciple of equal or~ortunity for the ooJllilerce and
industry_ of ell noticns throll eurohout tte territory of
China
25 (4) To refrain fron tekinf advantage ot conshy
di ti~ms in China in ormiddotder to see special rights_ or
privilegeft wh)ch wculd ampbridge the rights ot subjects
omiddotr _cl tizens of friendly States Eind- fror1 countenancshy
ing action in~ical to the security ot such States 9middot
Article II
26 The Contractin- ewers agree not to enter into_
any tre~ty eereeoent arraneementor understanding
either with one another middotor ndivltually _or collecshy
tively with any pwer or Tmiddotowers llmiddothicb wouid
infring~ or impair the p~inoiples stated in middotArticle Ir Article III
ntri th a view tomiddot eJl]lmiddotin~ more ettectuelly the
principles -Of th (lpen JJvOr or equality Of OJgt)Ortun-
ity in Chine for tte trade and incustry of all
nstions thP Contracmiddotting rovere other ~hen Chna
- 95
e~ee that they 111111 not seek nor sup~_t thelr
tesnective ne~ fone ls in seeUnr shy
27bull (a) middot Any errenfenent which rmiddotdrht -urrort to
establish in favour of their interests any general
suueriori ty of riftts 1th respect to comraerdal or
economic development in any desi_neted reeion of
China
28 ( b) Any suet oonoooly or preference as would
denri ve the m ti one ls of ani other --ower of the rieht
of undertaking any legitimate trade or industry in
China or o participitinif 1th the Chinese Governshy
ment or with any local e uthority in any category
or -public enteririse or which by reason of its
scope duration or geora~hical extent is celcushy
lated to frustrate the rrecticel ep-llcation cf the
principle of eual opportunity
It is understood tl~t te foreeoilf stipulationf
of this Article are not to be so construed amps to
Tgtrohibit the acquisition of such 1ronerties or
ri~h_ts as me~ be necessary to the conduct of a parshy
ticular cornrercial middotindustrial er financial undershy
takin or to the encourapoundeLent of invention end
research
Cbira undertakes to be gdcled by the rinciples
stated in tte foregon- stir-uletions of this ~middotticle
in dealinr wit-0 er-rlicetions for emiddotcononic rights end
privileges frc1 timiddot rcverll1ents end naticnals of t11
foreien countries whethEr partiEs t~ tha present
Article IV
29 The Cortr~ct~~ ~cr~~s BfrEe not to ~up~Qrt
eny agreements by their respective nationals with
each other designed to create Spheres of Influence
or to rovide for the enjojment of mutually exolusiv
opportunities in des1gnsted parts of Chinese terri shy
tory
Art1cldege VII
JO The Contrectin) ewers agree that vhenevr a
siturtion arise) hich in the opinion of any one or
thcu involves the cpplicit1on or the stipulations
of the present Treaty middottnd renders desirable disshy
cuSsion or suoh Epplioction thermiddot6 shall be full
snd frark oo6riuriio tion between themiddot Contrc oting
Powera co1oerned
Treaty hpoundtwe3n ttc United Stetes and JEllP-n signed
t middotmiddotrshinrton 11 Februry 1922
The arid Trecty wa3 sirned rnd ratiffod by
the 8fnstory rcbullmiddotrs
~rticle II 1
Jl The United StEtes end lts nmiddot tionals shall
receive ell the benefits or the cngagcuents of Jepar
defined in ~rticles J 4 ondmiddot 5 of the Eforesaid
lsndete notwithstmdin the fect that the United
Strtes is not e mcmuer of the Ls6gue of thbulltions
Ccnvsnt1on signLd ~t Gcnevr 19 February 1925
J2 Th sdd Convention wcs s1encd nd rtified by
or on bchnlf of Jbullmiddotpt n nd B[O~ of the nyt1ons bringshy
ing th1o chrmiddotregtcs in this Indictrrnnt with tho excepshy
tion of the Union of Soviet Soci~list R~1ublics
(bin i-ol middotthe TrJtsd StrtoF or raric bull
- 97 shy
~nericomiddot tbs Prssldent of the Gerrpoundmiddotn Reich Fls
Jejcsty the Yinp cf the Bleiens 1 the resi1font of
the Frrnch R=~ubl1c 1 Fis te 1esty the inmiddot of Grnegtt
~itPin 1 IrclFnd end the British Loninlons beyond the
SeM I Irm6ror of India His la jsty the r1n9 of
Itely 1 His Llt-jcsty theuro Ecurror of J~f)en the resishy
dent cf the ctqublic of PolPnd Lnd the Prcsident of
the Czochoslov=k Reuronublic 1 ccnclueed Lnd signed ct
Jrris 27 middotw-ust 1928 1 knorn ~s thE IbllOg-)ri1nd
Peet nd ~~ the ~rct of Pmiddot ris
The srid rebull ty YlS signed Pnd r-tified by the
1iill tcry obullsrs
lrtick I
JJ Thi lifh Contrcctng ~1rties 1101Emn~y deelcre
in the nr~es of their res~ctive peoplesJh~t they
condecn recoursemiddot to 1-middotr for the solution of intcr shy
nctionrmiddotl ccctrovcrsies ~ne renounce it cs en
instrllJlCnt of n tic _-1 policy in tbcir rlr tions
with -ons inctber
Article II
J4 The Rieb Contr(ctin~ Prties ogree th t th
settlement or solution of i11 disrutes or conflicts
of ~-hitevtr n tur or of hotevcr origin tbey ruy
sought except by pbullcific M~middotns
Dccl~r ticn of Irrpcrirl p~ncsb GovcrI11lcnt 1 27 June
1929 1 ccnccrning -~rticle I of the Kelloge-Pribull nd
Peet of 27 August 192
Th Impcrlr 1 lcv rnnnt dccL re thi t ttc
rhr soolog in tts nmiddotlltS of tt(ir respective
p01ks Pf-middotrin 1 rticlc J cf tt rrmiddot ty frr
- 98 shy
the Renuncif tion cf _ r sirncd rt rrie on 27
urust 1928 vicved in the light of th~ provisions
or the Impcribulll Constitution is understood to be
inrppliCbmiddot in so fmiddotr s Jrprn is concernecl
llG Convmiddot ntion rclbullmiddott~n~middot to l~rcotic Drugs shncd
rt Gcncv~ lJ July 1931
35 The srid Convention wbullssign~d -nd rrtifiad by
or on bchmiddot lf of Jcpn with r rcscrv tion s recorded
in th protmiddotocol cf sirn ture nc c ch of th n tions
brinfing the chrrecs _in this Indictiicnt with tro
cxcetion of the Union of SoviEt ~ocilist RG~ublics
Chinbull trc Cor-monwe ltr of tustr lir rnd Ncw ZDlrnd
Trc ty btveurocn Thilmiddotnd middotnd Jp nmiddot conccrnin~ the
continumiddot nc of frimiddot~ndly rJlmiddottions middot nc tho nutu 1
riscct cf emiddottlh others tcrritoribulll iptcgrity 1
Si1ned middot t Tokyo 12 June 1940
lhc sbull id Tre tr wmiddot s s~_gnec nd rmiddot tified by
the Sign tory rovcrs
trticlG I
3l nThE Fifh ContrbullcCinf Forties s~~ll nutu~lly
resnct ~-ch others territoribulll intqrity middotnd
hcrebmiddot rcrfflru the constrmiddotnt 1cce nd the ierpetuil
fricndship existin between them
Convention rcsnctin~ t~c ~irhts bullnd Duties of
reutr1 ewers ~nd creons in 1fmiddot_r on Vmiddotnd signed
~t Tho Hbull2uJ 18 OctcbLr 1~07
37- rtJcle I
Th trrltory of mutr l ~-mcs is inviolmiddotmiddottl
JR _rtiole II
- 99 shy
rcross the tG~tor of ~ ntiutrl ow1r
Treo-ty of Jortsraoutl- b6twEen Russfr -nd Jpcn
signod 5 Sertc~bampr 1905 which esttblished
Art1cl6 II (p(rbullerr-~h 3) 39 It is bulllso ~greod thmiddot t in crder to rvoid middotlJ
c~ usa of iiisunderstmiddot nc-ing the two F1gt Contrrct1ne
-rt1es wi11 -bstdn ontl6 Russo-Iorcin frontier
from tr11nv r-ny nillt ry morsur6s which moy mEnccamp
tte security of Russ1middot n or ~orern territory
bullrt1cle It (Pmiddotrts l bullnd 2) Ja~an ana Russia mutua~ly e~~age
40 ( l) To evmiddot cu te COll)lGt ely nd simultr neously
tmiddotbull nchlirilt1 eJCcpt thbullj territory rffected by the lcse
of the li~otun2 zcninsuln in conformity with the
provisions of middotcdition l lrticle I~ nnexod to
Trc ty bullmiddotnd
41 () To rcstors cntirtolt middot nd COl]lttoll to th
oxclusive dninamptr tion ofChin_ 11 rortions of
irnchuri nov in th~ occuo tion or under middottho coritrol
of the lqmiddotnGse or Rurs1middot1 troops Nitl th exception
of the trr1 tor bull b0vbull rn nt londl
rticlc IV
obstruct ny gcncr-middot1 nrsures cnmiddotmiddotmiddotJori to rmiddotll C0 1Lttr1es
vhicb Chin~ rnmiddoty t middot~ tor th lcvlorwnt t)f thv
coriflcrcs rid incustr~middot of gt nchu1middot1bull
I) middotmiddotn middotnJ -usbull ngmiddotp tbull xlbit thdr
- 1ot shy
44 J middotn nd Russi uutumiddotmiddotlly grec-not to conshy
struct in their rcsnectivu possessions on th~
Islrnd of Srghbulllicn or the middotdJ cent isl-nds ny
fortificmiddottione or other similmiddotmiddotr militrl works
They middotmiddotlso rrspectivcly cngg not to t l1 ~ny milishy
tr ry ncsures hch MY impede the free nmiddot vigmiddottion
cf the Strmiddot its o 1middot re rouse bull nd T rt ry
h onventfon on Elbodying P~sc hulcs of tho
Rclmiddotmiddottions bctweenmiddotJrbulln nlt= the Union cf Soviet
ltocilist Rr~ublics 1 srn~d 20 J nur 1925 in
rkine
This Conv0nticn wmiddots signed middotnd rmiddottificd by the
Ciflnmiddotmiddot tory rovcrs
rticle V
45 bull Tho High 0ontrbullmiddotcting ~ rtis soleMnl ffirm
thcr desire middotnd intention to liv~ in rbull~cc middotnd
bullmiddotMitr ri ti emiddot ch ottr scrupulcJsly to rspcct th1
undoubted rieht of Stmiddottc to order its oyn life
1dthin ts own jurisdiction in its own w~y to
rf frmiddot in - ncl rcstrr in bull 11 erson in middot ny govornshy
mentrmiddot l service for th-11 nd 11 or~niz7ticns n
rocir-t of middot O findegncirl rssiitmiddot rc~ fron them frou
middot~ny middot ct ovrt or covrt limiddotmiddotbl fr II) w~y whtcver
to enc1middot n1er the order middot nlt securitr n i n1 rmiddot rt of
thc tcrritoris cf T n n th nlol 1f ltcvivt
Socimiddotljst ~rublios
rt l f11rt~-1r middot ~rcrt1 tmiddot~ t n thtr ontrmiddotct~nq
r-~rty ~~ middot11 rsrr-middotmiddot bull_ t~1 middotr=f( n 1i tr - t-rrltorlis
undr bullts juri stl ctJ vi -- ( middotmiddot ) of c--n izmiddot t~c-re er
irouS pr-tn1ln~ tmiddot bi~ th CTOVcIlll1-lt iCr ~ny r- t
of ttf t~rritorier Gf tb~ ether ~rt~ or b) cf
- 101 shy
alien subjects or citizens who may be found to be
_actually carryinr on political activities for such
organizations or -bullro ups
The Neutrality act t)etween the TTn~on of Soviet
rlccialist Reublics and Tapan siuned 13 April 1941
This ~ect was sirned end ratified~~ the
Signatory rowers bull
~rti cle I
46 Both Contrecti 1g Iarties engage to naintain
peaceful end friendly relations between themselves
and mutually respect the territorhl integrity end
inviolabilit of the other Contracting Party
Article II
47 If one of the Contrectlng Parties becomes the
object of militar action on the part of one or
several other overs the cther Contracting Farty
will r~intaln neutrality during the whole ~ericd of
the conf 11 ct
- 102 shy
list of Lfficiel bullssuronces Violated by JIc1-~nd lncororeted Li Group One
25thmiddot Se~tember 1931 ~het JalBn rad no
territoriel desiens in renchuriamp
2 25th middotcvember 1931 That there was no truth
in the report of a Japanese edvancemiddoton Chinchow
J 22nd December 1931 Thet Chinese sovereignty
would be accented ~no that tre opei c-oor rolicy
would be nsntEned
4 5th Jenu~ r 1 1933 That Jaan hsd no territshy
oriel ellbitons s~ut~ cf Jhe Greet Well in vina
5 25th n~ril 1 1934 middotThat Jepan had no intention
vhatever of seeUn~ leciel privileuroPes in Cbinr of
encrcechire UOn the territorial snd administr11tive
integrit v of Chine or oI creating difficulties for
the bona fide trr-de of other countries middot1th Chne
6 15th uibullust 1 1937 That Janen harboured no
territorial designs on China enrl would middotsprre no
efforts in sefeuardin foreltn interest end r1hts
in Cina
7- Seterber 1937 That Jsren had peecetul
intentionB EJnn e lECY of -territorial designs in
Torth Chins
8 17th Fe_bruery 1 1939 That lfjpaa hid nc
terrl torlel designs in China nc that the occul)bt icI
ietrndnn uetl lU~-her_reP(bullristons_ th Geimiddot=ny 6ld
Itsl~ r~JttiYa t~ ~1 ser r~li-timiddot)ne wlticr tht i11tishy
- middot103 shy
10 l5th April 1940 ~hct Je~sn desired status
quo of the I-etherlands ~est Indies
11 16th ~ey 1940 That Japan had no rIEns nor
pur])ose tomiddot attack the Nettmiddoterlends East Indies
12 24th lerch 1 1941 Thft under no circumst6nces
vculd Jaoen ettacr the United States of 1oerica
Greet Dritein or th etherlancls est lndits
lJ 8th July 1941 That Ja~n rac not so fer
consfderec1 the middot~ossibili t~ of 1ifhtnf the Union
of Soviet Socialist Reublics
14 10th Tulv 1941 Thft Japen cont~plated no
cction rgoinst French lndo-Chne
15 5th middot~cerber 1941 Tht troop riovernnts in
French cndo-Cldna were precauticner1 meltlsUres bull
104 shy
AlPtmrx n
Incor~oreted in Group Three
The Laws and Customs of 1middotar ere established
pertly by tre ~rectice of civilized netions end
pertly by Conventions snd rseurances which are
either directly bindinn upon the parties thereto or
evidence of the established ~nG recognized rules
The Conventions end issurences hereinigtfter rentioned
in eny Prt of this ppendix will be relied upon es
s middothole for both iurposes only the nost leterial ~rticles being nuoted herein
1 The Convention o 4 d_one at The FFgue on the
18th October 1907 concerning the Laws and Customs
of igtr on Lend provides ( inter elie) as follolls
middotcccrding tc the views of the high Gonshy
trectinr- irties thes ~rovisio1s the drafting
of which hes been insrired by the desire to
diminish the evils of war so far ts military
requireoents perflit ere intended to serve JS
a gener~l rule of conduct for the bellirerents
in tteir reletions with the inhnbitants
It hes not 10VEVtir been found rossible
et present to concert stiulctions covering ~11
th circumst~nces lict er~e in rrctlce
Cn the other h~ne tts Eigh Contrecting
irtls clmiddotrly de not intcrd tlJ~t unforeseen
cses stculd in Gefult of written qre(llent
be left to the rtitrar) Cinion of milit~ry
- 105 shy
conms nders
r~ntil o nore ccmrilete c0deuro of th6 laws of
-tar clt-n be drmiddotwn up the Hieh Contr~cting
rrties dee~ it expedient to declPre thbullt in
c~ses not covered by the rules bulldopted by then
the inh~ bi t~nts ltncl the belligerents remr in
under the protGction ~nd governunco of the
princi~les of the lw of nr tions derived from
the us~~es ~stbullblished rmon~ civilized peoples
fron th1 1~ws of humnity middot-middotnd frou the diet~ t6~
of the public consci~nco
The RoguLtions sit out in the nn6x to the sric
Convntion 1tich for~s Tirt tler6of der 1 in
Section I witt Belliger6nts rnd risoncrs of middotcrrr in
qection II witt ao~tiliti(s ~na in Section III with
ilitrry middotuthority over the Territory of the Hostile
Stbullte
middotrticle 4 thereof in Section I provides (intsr
[li~) ~s follows
~r isoners of middotmiddotmiddot-r middotre in thEgt ower oI the
hostile Governmaat but not of th~ indivi6u~ls
or corps wlo cmiddot rture theuron middotbull
Convention lo 10 dcJ~ bull t th sr-r~ time nd
)lce concerns 1middotmiddotritime middotr
The _smiddot id Ccnvntions Yere signed bull nd rmiddottified
by er on ceb~lf cf over fcrt nmiddotmiddot tions including
bJ n middot na ebullmiddotcJ- o tho n~tions bringing t_he ch~rges
in this Indictment Eubject to C6rtrin rescrvtions
- 116 shy
not ere Rteri~l nd ttcus bec~ma rrt or evidence
cf the I~ws bull nd ~uetcms of middotmiddotmiddotr
2 Tho rore eonnlc te code of the I -ws of rr conshy
tenpl td by ttc s id Convention is contdncd iu
relmiddottion tc ~risoners of ~r in tho Inter~ tionl
Convention relmiddot ti ve to thc Trebull traent of risonors
of middotmiddotr done bullmiddott r-cnev on th6 27tli July 1929
(hertinrfter cbullllod the Genev Convention~)
lthoulI pmiddot n did not rbull tify thamp s id Convenshy
tion it bocmiddotne bindinr upon her for one or more of
the folobulling recsons
() It ws sipned on tho srid dmiddotte by or on
beh~lf of forty-seven n tions including
J middotmiddot n middot nu ch of the n tions bri~ging
the cr-rres in this Indlctmnt -nd
rrtified bJ over fdrty n~tions -nd thus
becmiddotmc nrrt or evitiLnce of the Lr~s -nd
Customs of r
( b) corm1uniclttion d ted tho 29th J~nur ry
1942 silned by 10GC Shigunori one of
the bullccused middot s For~ign l~nister on boh~lf
of Jp n ~ddresscd to the swiss inister
in Tokyo contr-incd the following stbulltement
middotlthough not bound by the 0onvention
r_1middot tiv to the Trtmiddot tment of ~middotrisoner~
of r middotJrpmiddotbulln will bullply mutmiddot tis
~1ltmiddot ndis the revisions of thmiddot t
Convcnticn to middotmericn prison~rs of
r In cocununicmiddot tion d- tesd on or - bout ths
- 107 shy
JOth January 1942 addressed to the
Argentine middotinister n Tokllo by TOGO
Shigenori one of the accused es Foreign
middotinister on behalf of- Japan it is stated
The Imperial Government has not yet
ratified the Convention of 27th July
1929 regarding the treatment of prisshy
oners of er They are not therefore
subject to the said Conventionmiddot None
the less trey will anply mutatis
mutendis the conditions of ihet Conshy
vention to English (enedien iustrelmiddot
ien end Jew Zeeland prisoners of war
in their power bullmiddotbull1th regard to suppl
of food and clothin~ to prisoners of
war they will consider on condition
of recinrocity national and racial
custous of the prisoners
By the said comr1unications or one of them
Japan acceded to the seid Convention in
accordence 1dth rticle 95 thereof and
the state of war then existin~ gave inmedshy
iate effect to such accession
middot (_c) The said comiunicetions constituted assurshy
ances to the United States of merica the
United Lingdor1 of Great Britain and North~
Irelane Canada ~ustralia ampnd iiew Zealan
to whoee governments the said coumanicetio
were intended to bb end Nere repeuted by
the raspectivemiddot~ecipients thereof adin
each case to ell nations who were at war
- 108 shy
with Japan
Except in the said natters there are no proshy
visions of tte said Geneva Convention to which the
expression mutatis mutandismiddotbull could properly be
applied
J The International Convention for the meliorshy
ation of the londition of the tmiddotounded and S1ck in
~rmies n the ~ield done at Geneva on the 27th July
1929 ( known as and hereinafter called I the Red Crost
Conventionbulll provides (inter alia) as follews
rrticle 26 The Corunenders-in-Chief of bellig
erent armies shall arrange the details for
carrying out the preceding articles as well as
for cases no~ provided for in accordance with
the instructions of their respective Government
and in conformity with the general principles
of the presampnt Convention ~
Japsn was a party to the said Convention
together with over forty other nations which ttus
becane art or evidence of the lavs an~ middotustorns of
ar In the above-mentioned coilllunicrtion deted on
or about the 29th January 1942 Japan stated
Jspon obs1rves strictly the Ganeva Convention
of 27th July 1929 rulstivs to the R~d Cross
as a state sign1tory of that Convtntion
cAommunicetion dated tblgt 13th Februar 1942
l~ shy
signed by TCG0 1 Shigenori one of the accused as
Foreign l-inister on behalf of Jspe_n addressed to
the swiss Jlinlster in okyo contained the_followlng
statement
The Imperial Government TAill apply during the
present war on con~ltlon of reciprocity the
provisions relative totbe treatment of prisonshy
ers of war of the 27th July 1929 to enemy
civilian internees as fer as applicable to
them enc prQvided that labour will not be
imposed u~on-them contrary to their free choic~
The said communlcetion constituted en assurshy
ance to ell the nations et wer with Je~an (who in
fact carried out the provisions of the said Convenshy
tfon es aplice ble to Jaamiddotnese clvi lien internees)
other then tra Republic ef Chine
The above-mentioned assurances were rereated by
the_ Japanese Foreign inistrymiddot on several occasions
as r~cently as tne 26th i-ay 1943
Epound~cbull11ns CF B1E~CrEs shy
All the offences are oreeches of the Laws end
Custolls of er in ec1dition to end es proved in
pert by the several -~rticles of the Conventions end
assurences specifically nentioned
SEClION NJE
Inhumane treatment contrary imiddotn each ease te
Article 4 of the said Anne_x to the said RagJlbull Conven
- 110 shy
tion end the whole of the said Geneva Convention end
to the s~id assurances In addition to the inhumane
treatment alleged in SectionsTwo to Six hereof
inclusive which are incorporated iri this Sacti6n
prisoners or war end civilian internees were murdere~
beaten tortured and otherwise ill-treated and
female prisoners were raped by members of the
Japanese forces
SECTICN TWO bull
Illegal employnent of prisoner of war labour middotcontrary in each case to rticle 6 of the said Annex
to the said Hague Convention end to ~art III of the
said Geneva Convention end to the said assurances
The said emuloyment was illegal in that
(a) prisoners or war were enployed on work
having connection end direct connection
with the operations of war
(b) prisoners of warwere employed on work for
which they ere hysicelly unsmiddot~ited and
on ~1ork which was unhealthy end dangerous
(c) the duration of daily work wee excessiye
end rrisomiddot1ers middot I-ere not allowed rests of
twenty-four middotconsecuti va hours in each week
(d) conmiddotditions of work wer rendered more
arduous ty c1lsclplinery measures
(e) prisoners were kapt end compalled to work
in unhce lthy cliretEgts end dangerous zones
end without sufficient food clothing or
toots
- 111 ~
SCTI CN Tl-R EE
Refusal sne ftbullilure to raintaln prisoners of
wer contrary tomiddot Article 7 of the said Annex to the
said Heeue Convention and ~rticle 4 end Pert III
trticlai 9 - 12 inclusive of the said Geneva Convenshy
tion and to t~amiddot seid assurances
C~ine to differences ~f netionel and reciel
custo~s the food end ~lothing supplied to the
la~enese troops were even when supplied to rrisonerr
of wor belonging to the white races insufficient
to tiointsin them Adequete food end clothing were
not SUP lied either in ecc9rdance with the said
Conv3nt1ons or the said essurences
The structural end sEnitary conGi tion of the
cc~ps end labour detachments f~iled entirely to
COR)ly with the stid ~rticlee and Yltse extremely
bed unhealth~middot end inadequate
Yashilll ent drinking facilities were inEdequete
end bed
S~TICN FCllR
Excessive and illegal punis~ment of risonars
of war contrery tq Article 8 of the said ~nnex to
the said Hague Convention end to rert III Section
V Chapter) of the said Geneva Convention and tc
the said assurances
(o) Prisoners of ~er ~ere killed beaten and
tortured vithout trial or investigetion of
any kind for alleged offences
(b) such uneuthorlzed punlsbments ware inflict
ed for alleged offences wtlch even if
- 112 shy
proved were not under the seid Conventionis
offences et middoten
(cl collective punishments were imposedmiddot for
individual alleged offences
(d) priscners were sentenced to punishment
more severe then imprisonment for thiity
days t9r stteQpting to escape
(el conditions ot the trial ot prisoners did
not conforn to those laid down in the seid
Chapter
(f) conditions ot lllprisonm~nt ot prisoners
sentenced did not conform to those laid
down in the said Chapter bull
sectCTIlt JrIVE
istreetment or the sick end wounded meicsl
personnel end ferale nurses contrary to Articles 3
14 15 end 25 of the seid Geneva Convention end
rticles 1 9 10 end 12 ot the seid Jee Cross Conshy
vention end to the said assurences
(el Officers end soldiers who were wounded or
sick medical personnel chaplains and
~ersonnel of voluntary aid Societies were
not respected or protected but were
murdered ill-treated end neglected
(b) medical personnel chaplains and personnel
er voluntary aid Societies were ~rongfully
retained in ~apenese hende
(cl female nurses were raped L1urdered and
ill-treated
(d) camps did not possess infirmaries and
- 113 shy
seriously sicJt prisoners ena those requirshy
ing illportant surical treatrent were not
edmittea to ~iliiary or civil institutions
qualifieG to treat them
(e) monthly t1edical inspections were not
arranged
(f) sick and wounded prisoners were transferred
elthou~h their reccvery-was prejudiced by
their journeys bull
S-0CTJO SIX
HuniIiation of prisoners of war ampnd especially
officersi contrary to trticle 8 of tha said Annex to
the said Hafue Conveurontion ana Articles 2 J 18 21
22 and 27 of the seid Geneva Convention and to tbe
seic assurances
(a) Prisoners were aeliberctely ~ept ana nade
to work ~n territories occ~riea by Japan
for the purrose ormiddotex~osing them to thb
nsults end curiosity of the inh~bitants
(bl prisoners in Tapen and in occuried tershy
ritories including officers were compelshy
led to orlt on rampnial tasls and exposed to
l)UbUc view
( c) officer ~r isoners vere -clacect rnaer the
control of ron-commissionea cifictrs and
private soldiers end oonp llLd to selute
them sr6 to wort
Refusel or feilure to collect en trensrnit
- 111 shy
informrtion rrerdinf rrisoners (fmiddot war end rGplies
to enquiriGs on tto subject centrer~ to trticle 14
of the seid Annex tc the seid Pague Convention end
to ~rticles 8 eqd 77 of the seid rsneva Ccnvention
and to the sEid assurances
Proper records were not kept nor inforfileshy
tion supplied es requirLd by the said
rrticles and the riost lmpcrtFnt of such
records as vorc kept were delibLrotely
distroyed
S~CIO rmiddotyenJ
Obstructions of the rirhts of the rrotectine
rowers of RLd Cross Socioties of prisonors of war
end of thair reprcs~nt~tives contrary to rticlc 15
of the seid bnncx to t~e s~id Pcfua Convention ana
t~ lticles Jl 42 44 78 Ln~ 86 of the said cneva
Convention end t9 tho said assurances
( o) The rrnrc sntti vcs of tha bullrotectj ng
Power ( Svd tZerlind) viere refused or not
rrsnt(d pmiddotroission to visit camns rnd
access to premises occupiod by prisoners
(b) vhcn suet rornlssion was gr11nttd ttr were
not allowod to hold conversetion with
prisoners without witnesses or ct ell
(c) on such occasions conditions in eo11ps w_r
dcc(ptively pr_pbrod to apbullepoundir btter thin
nor~1~l rnC rrisomrs wrr thrsttoned with
punishment if thy cornrleincd
(d) prisonErs ampnd th~ir rcprasant~tivss weru
not ellowGd to lllku complaints rs to the
- 115 shy
neturv or -their work or otherwhe or to
correspond rreelmiddot with the nilitery eit~iorshy
ities or tle rrotectin owampr
(e) Red CroEs ~ercels end nail were withheld
Erlloyinf ~oison contrary to the _lnternstionsl
Declaration resiiectin7 Asr-hyxistinf (bulleses siened by
( inter elia) Japen Pnc China st The Hague on the 29th
July 1899 and to ~rticle 2J(a) or the said Annex
to the said Es~ue Convention ane to ftrticle 171 of
the Tremiddotety otmiddotVerseilles
In the w~r~ of Japan ereinst the bullbullerublic
of Cline poison gas was lSed- Ttiis
elleretion is confined to thetmiddot country
smiddotcrr0r~ Tirr
illine enemies who tsvn laid down their
arms Qr no longer tevinr 1esns middotf defence had
surrenderec et discretion contrerr to ~rticle 23( t
of ~he sdlt Annex to this soid Eemiddot u~ Convention
Destruction or cneri rogterty without mlliterJ
Justificeticn or necessit~ end rillege contrary to
rticles2J(1d 2~ end 47 of the seid Annex to tbe
said Haguu Conventic-n
Failure to resrcct iani~middot honcur ed rights
ind V iduel lifEJ r-r1vE ti procrtr end rclifOUS
- 116 -middot
convictions and worship middot111 occ11phd territories and
denortation and ensl~vement ot tte inhabitants
thereof contrery to flrticle 46 or th~ said nnnex to
the said llegue Conventionmiddot end to the Laws end Customs
ot er
Large numbers ct the inhabitants ot such
territories were murdered torturto~ raped
End otherwise ill-treated arrested and
interned without Justificationmiddot sent to
reread labour ano tlir property destroyd
or cont1scotcd
SECTIC~ FT~T
E1111111 survivors ot shipsmiddot sunk by neval action
end crews of cspt11rd snirs contrary to rtich 16
ot irefrue Convention rro io ot 1907
Failure to rcsp0ct ~111tary hospital ships
contrary to ftrticle 1 01 the lEFt-mention0d Convenshy
tion and unleltul use of JamiddotJcnce bosPi ti l ships
centrer to trticles 6 ~ne 8 theraor
XTI crbull PTTn
~ttacks and especially ampttecs ~ithout due
wirning ution noutrl ships
- 117 bull
Statement of Individual Responsibility for Crimes Set Cut in the Indictment
The stetenents hereinefter set forth following
the nerle of each individual Defendant constitute
matters unon which the Frosecution will rely inter
elie as establishin~ the individual responsibility
of tbe Defendants It is charged against each of the Defendants
that he usad the po-er and nrestige of the position
which he held end his rersonel influence in such a
manner that he pro~oted and carried out the offences
set out in each Count of this Indictment in which
his name ap~eers
It is charged against each of the Defendants
that during the periods hereinafter set out against
his nnle he was one of those responsible for all the
acts and omissions of the various Governments of
which he bullas a member and of the various civil
military or naval organizations in vhich he held fl
position of autbcrity
It is crargad against each of the nefendants
as sho~n by the nurnb6rs fiven aftisr bis nalle that
he was ~resent at nr ccncurree in tte dacisions
taken at sole of the conferences end cabinet reetings
leld on or about tte follovinf dates in 1941 which
decisions prepared 1or end led to unlawful war on
7th8th Dece~ber 1941
1 25th June 1941 (Liaison)
2 26th June 1941 (liaison)
J 27th Junt 1941 ( L1a1middotsmiddotcn)
- 118 shy
4 28th June 1941 (Liaison)
5 )0th June 1941 (Supreme Yor Council)
6 2nd July 1941 (Imperial)
1 7th August 1941 (Thought Control Council)
s 22nd August 1941 (Cebinet)
9 6th September 1941 (I1rp6r1al)
10 17th October 1941 ( x-Ireniers)
11 26th iovcnber 1941 ( Liaison)
12 29th 1ovember 1941 (x-Prenier s)
1) 1st December 1941 (Imperial)
14 1st Decenber 1941 (Cabinet)
ARAKI
The Defendant ARAYI bet~een 1926 and 1945 was
amonr other ~s1tions held- Chief of General Affe1ri
Department of the ~ffice or Inspector General or
111tarr Training ( 1931) lin1ster of er under
Inukai end Seito (December 19)1 to July 19)4) e
full General (19))) ember or the Supreae Yer
Council ( 19)4 to 19)6) ember or the Cab1nt
Advisory Council on China (19)7) dacetlon dnister
under ronoye soc then under vrv111middot~ (ley 19)8 to
August 19)9) iember or thE Cabinet ~dvisory
Council (1940)
he D6fondent rc1-nmiddot 1 1 between 1928 enl 194S
we s enoni- other pr id t lone t e 1 d - ColllLlander of the
Special Service Section ln 1snchur1s (September
19)1) Peyor of ukdn ( 5pter1ber to Cctobcr 19Jl)
attached to heedlt1ucrters lwentunr Army ( 19)))
- 119
Chiet Adviser to the rortt China autonooous Govarnshy
111ent Colllllnc5er-in-Chlef reienese 5th Jrri Janchurie
(1938 to 1940) Suprene 1middoter Councillor (1940 to
1943) Inepector Qenerel ot 1111tery lvietion (1941)
tull renerel (April 1941) Cmmendemiddotr-in-Chiet
Eestern Army in l11en (1943)_Ciu1Snder ot the 7th
Aree 11r1111 et Slgeriore (1944 to 1945) Inspector
renerel 111tory Trelninl (A~ril 1945)
Conterenoes- s
he )efe1~dent ~middot~~rITI between 1928 and 1945
was erionmiddot other Gsitions held- etteched rmy
Cenerol Steff Cl9JJ) retired fro-n Army (Pebruery
1936) author cf Iecleretons cf E~gtFr OTO iingoro
(1936) re-entered the Army (1937) commended en
rtillerr Pegillent et the Ree cf llnmiddottdn (1937)
in corlland of Jeranese forces which shelled the
ladybird and the -aney (1937) author of a l~rge
number ot books articles in ~lc iragezine Tai ye
Dd tippon en6 oter rublicE tions end ~utlic
speeclef ell advCcting agrress~ ve wEirfere member
of e nu~ber of societies fer the 1nst1get1on of army
control over ~~11tics end furtherance er er~ressiva
~1erfre proroter of e nunber o lets designed tcshy
renove poll ti clans lti oft lcers Ylhoo he did not
consider sufficiently eecreiEve middote frunder of the
T~~~ (194n) elected to the Lcwer rouse of the
fjit 1194)
- 120 shy
The Detendent f beheen 1928 and 1945 was
aronr other CS1 t1ons held- D1v1s 1onal Colllander in
l-encbur1 (1933) Chlet o ~rmy ~v1at1on Department
( 1935) C=ander or tts Taiwan trmy ( 1936 to 1937)
Inapector reneraLet bull111tary Ecucatlon and L1eJ1be~
ot the S1~1rene tar Council ( tugust 1937 l a full
General (Februa~y 1937) Colroander-1n-Ch1et of the
Jltxped1t1onary Force in Central China (February 1938)middot
ember ot the 3uDrez-e bullmiddoter Council ( January 1939l
middot-er llinlster under be ( ugust 1939 to Januery 1940)
Ccmmander-1n-Ch1et ot the ~xped1t1onary Force 1n
Central Chna (Tuly 1940 to 1944) iel6 lershall bullend ember of the JloCrd ot Jarshele aad d1irels
(June 1944) Insgtector General ot 111tery Sducetion
(Novenber 1944)
PIR 1~
he Defendant -1 middot r between middot1928 end 1945
was among ctler nositlons held- Founder ot the
Yokuhonsta end resident frcir 1926 to 1936 Vice
resident ot Jrlvi Coulc11 (1930 to 1936) rresldent
ot r1vy Council (1936 to 1939) rrLe nnister
( January to middotugust 1939) 1-lnister middot1i thout -middotortfollc
under Konoye and tor a time Eome inister and later
V1ce-remier (July 1940 to Cctrber 1941) ie~ber of
~bought Control Council ueust 141) ires1dent
rrivy Cou~cil (1945)
Conferrnces- l234b7612
- 121 shy
The Defendant PIROT between 1928 end 1945 was
eronr ether Oitlons held- mbeesedor to the Union
or2ov1et Socialist Re~ubl1cs (19JO) Foreign
l~in1eter (Septenber 193) to July 1934) under Saito
end F-ro111 July 1934 to 1arch 1936 under Okede Pr1me
Unister and tor a tine Forei11n i-anitter concurrentli
Wsrch 19)6 to February 19J7) Foreign Jinister under
Yonoye (June 1937 toay 19J8) et1ber or tM
Cabinet middotdvisory C1uncll (1940)
Conrerences- 1012
lOliWO
The Derendent rcsrrrc between 1928 end 1945 bullas snonr other rositions h~ld- Chier General middotrrsirs
Puresu of the Finance Derartment ofbull the i-Snchukuo
Government (19J2) Chief or ~enersl middotrrairs in the
P1nsnce Inistry o anchulrno ( 1934) Vice anister
Finampnce in the ~middotencl ukuo ~cv~rnment ( 1936) Chier
renual ffairs uruu in tho ational middotrrampirs crric
or 1middotanchukuo ( December 1936) Chief of roneral
bullrreirs in lanctutuo (July 1938) =resident or the
Ilannnr Peard enc later 1n1ster without gtortfolio
under l~onoye ( July 1940 to rrll 1941) Chiampf
secretary and Iinieter or 3tate under TClC ( Cctcber
16th 1941 tc July 1944) dviser tc Finance inietrj
(December 1944)
Ccnfersncee- 1114
ITGH
The Defendant IT 11middotI botween 1928 end 1945 wes
- 122 shy
among other rositions heldbull full Colonel 1wentung
Jrm (1929) l~jor General i~wentung trny (1932)
Vice CUet of Steff Kwentung ~rllJbull ( 19J4) Coiunender
5th Division in ~hine (arch 1937) Chief of Steff
1wantune rmy (1936 to 1937) attached to Headquarshy
ters General Start (middotay 1937 ar lln1ster under
Yonoye end HI1~1lJ~ tror~ Jule 1938 to -UpoundUSt 1939
and concurrently resident of the Ianchuriari middotrra1rs
~ureau of the Cebinet Chief of Sterr Japanese middotrmy
in Chine (Se~tember 1939) full General (July 1941)
Commender epenese ray in Iarea (July 1941 to
1945) Uunber of ~upreme imiddoter Council (1943) Comshy
Jlllnder 7th middotrea middotrm in ltin~epore (pr11 1945)
Y The Defendant rmiddotvmiddot between 1928 anamiddot1945 was
among other positions held- yhiet Secretary Finance
Uinietry (1934) mnister of igtinence t June 1937 to
ray 1938) under Konoye on the middotdvieory Ccmmittee
China middottteire lloard (J9J9) resident North China
Developrient Company (19J9 to 1941) P-inence linister
under To-c ( June 1941 to February 1944l Director
IR gtS (1944)
Conferences- 11121314
ICIDO
the Defendant LIDO between 1928 end 1945 wee
among other positions bald- Chief Secretary to the
Lord hampeper of the Priv~ Seal (19JO) Education
Minister under Ionoye ( 1937) Velfare -iinister under
Yonoye (1938) Home Iinieter under hIR PUil 11939)
- 123 shy
Lord Keeper or the Privy Seel (1940middotto 1945) chief
oonfidentiel advisor to the Lmperor and presided et
meetinrs or Ex-rreciers
Conferences- 1012
KU~tR
The Defendant 1I1JR middot between 1928 and 1945 wu
eMon11 other CS1t1ons ~eld- Chief or Starr 1wantung
middotrmy ( 1940) Vice er linister under 1onoye ampnd TCJO
(1941 to lebruer- 1944) lirnber uprece er Council
(194)) Commflder in Chief Japanese rmy Burma
(1944) full General (1945)
YCISC
The Defendant KCISO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- Director lilitery
middot ffairs flureeu of tl6 iar linistry (19)0) Vice
War inister und-er Inukai ( 19)2) Chief or etaff
Ywantunr middotmiddotmiddotmy (19)2 to 1934) ColllilBnder Jenampnese
middotrcy Korea_ (19)5 to 19)6) a full General (19)7)
Overseas inister under BI l1 (19)9) end under
ona1 (1940) Governor General 1oree (Iay 1942)
rime l1nlstir ( uly 1914 to pril 194S)
~TSbullTI
The Defendant ~~TstI between 1928 and 1945 was
8llOilF other rosltions heldbull Re)resentetive of the
Japanese ~rmy at the Geneva Conference (19)1) 1lerober
of the upreme iar Council (arch 19))) a full
General (19JJ) a founder of the Greater ~est Asia
Society (19JJ) Commender-in-Chief Japanese forces
- 124 shy
in Centrel Chine (Cctober 1937 to February 1938)
Hember ot the Cabinet dvisory Council (July 1938
to Januari 1940) Adviser to the Asia Pronotion
FeGeration (1940) Aeviser to the rreeter East Asia
Affairs Section or the r~~J (1943) rresident or
the Creater East Asia Davelopient ~ociety (1944)
lllSTCYA
The Defendant middotrSTTCJAbetween 1928 end 1945
was erJOlF other Ositions held- cier Delegate to
the League or etions ~ssembly ( 1933) ~resident ot
the 1-outh lPnorurien =teilwer (19J5 to 1939) Hember
or the c~binet bulldvisory Council (1940) Foreign
linister middot under onoye ( July 1940 to July 1941)
author ot ~show Restcretion (1938) end other books
end articles and ~ublic speeches advocating aggresshy
sive warfare
Conferences- 12~346
rn~bull1t
The Defendant INt~ between 1928 end 1945 was
P~ong other ~ositions held- Commander Japanese
rm Korea I1929) Ver iniampter under bullTekatsulci
(l-ril 193_1 to Lecember 1931) 5uprame 1er Councillor
( 1931 to 1934) Coanender-in-Chief Kvantung rmy
( 1934 to 19J6) Governor Cenerl of 1oree ( 1936 to
1942) Jenber or tle rmiddotriv~ Council ( 1942 to 1945)
~resident or the l~liticel tssocietion of Greet
Taren (1945)
- 125 shy
tTO
The Defendant lUTO between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held- Instructor et the
ilitsry lttoff College (19)0 to 19)2) Senior Otticer
ot the rilitery ~ttairs Bureau of the Her inistry
(19)5 to 19)6) Chief ot a section ot the General
st111tt ( 1937) attached Headquarters Starr Central
China bullrmy (1Lgust 19)7) Colonel attached to
1wantung bullrmy Headquarters Ctlet ot the llilitsry
ftairs Eureau ( October 19)9 to pril 1942 l
colllllsnded 2nd Guards Division in Sumatra (194))
C~iet ot Steft or the 14th ree middotrmy in the rhilishy
ppines under Gener~l Ycmashite (October 1944)
Conferences- 12346911lJ
The Defendant 1rmiddotcmiddotn0 between 1928 end 1945 was
1mong other J)ositions held- Vice Chief Nevel
General 3teft (1930) Delegate to the Geneve Pavel
Conference ( 1931) Lember Supreme 1er Council ( 19JJ)
full dmirel (1934) Chief Delegate to London Naval
Conference (19)5) Navy 1inister under HIROT~ (Mer ch
1936 to February 19)7) _ Ccmmen~ar-in-Chiet ot
Conbined Fleet (19)7) Hember of Supreme er Council
(1940) Chiet of Navel General Steff (April 1941 to
February 1944) Supreme Yaval Adviser to the iLperor
tram February 1944
Conferences- l2J469lllJ
or~
The Defendant CFA between 1928 enG 1945 was
- 126 shy
BllOne other ~ositions held- on the Vevel Generil
Sterr (1930) section Cbie1 Generel end uilitery
Atteirs Pureau of tbe bullavy (1938) Cbie1 General
and llltery ftelrs Bureaux ot the lmiddotavy_ (October
1940 to August 1944) Vice Adlral ( 1942) Vice
Navy Hinster (20 July 1944) under 1crso Commandershy
1n-Cbie1 Ch1nka1- (Korea) tavel Stetlon (Septeriber
1944 to June 1945)
Conferences- 1234691113
The Defendant OKAVA between 1928 and 1945 was
eflong otner rositlons held- Director GeMtral of
the iest ~sis Research nstitute of the South
lenct-urien 1e1lwe rroll 1926 en orcsnizer of tte
ukden Incicent (Se-ptember 18th 1931) author of
t temiddotSnese Fistory Reeder (1935) enci 01 books
articles encl sreEeches advocatine aggressive war tormiddot
the expulsicn by force ot the wtit~ races from Asiamiddot
OSHD~
middotThe Jefendent C~~IM_ between 1928 end 194i 11es
llllong other rostlons held - ~llltery ttache in
Berlin (1936) tllbassedor tc ~ermeny (October 1938
to Octobe~ 1939) and egeln fron February 1941 to
rrril 1945
S 1TC
The Defendant SC b~tveen 1928 and 1945 was
among other Csitions held- Instructor rny Gonerel
Steff Colloga (1935) sttecbed to the ilitery middot-L middot
- 127 shy
bulltta1rs Bureau ot thfl Har ~1n1str~ enler or the
lenn1ng Poard (1937 to 19)8) Chief ot the 1111 tery
tta1rs Section ot the i111tery middottte1rs Auresu ot
themiddotrer r1n1stry (Februer3 1941 to middotpril 1942)
ISJor G6nerel (October 1941) Chiflt ot ilitary
tta1rs Pureau ot the tmiddoter 1n1stry ( pr11 1942 to
December 1944) Lieutenant Genpoundral (arch 1945)
the Defendant FGllITSU batveen 1928 and 1945
WEIS oiong other positions 1eld - l1nistEr to China
(1931) Vice lorolcn lnister under Saito and Cikede
(1933 to 19)6) cbessador to the Tnion ot 3ov1et
Socialist Relulillcs Wovemb6r 1936 to Nov61ilb6r 1938)
middotibessftor to t-re6t Britain ( 1938 to June 1941)
middotrebassedor to the 1-Tanltinr i_lrgtPet JovernnLnt (Decmb3r
1941 to Jril 1943) Foreitn inister under_ TOlO
( bullyr11 194) to July 1944) and Fordgn rinister and
concurrently linister for Greiter est sia under
KCI~O (July 1944 to hril 1945)
SHIWDA
The Detendent SRilJDA betveen 1928 nd 1945
was ar1ong other positions talC- Chier ot 5tatt
Combined Fleet (1930) Vice CMet revel General
Steft ( 1935 to 1937) Comlander of the econd Fleetmiddot
(December 19)7) COIJll8nder Chine Fleet (ay 1940)
full Admiral (1940) -ev_y inister under TClC (Cctoshy
ber 1941) appointed tc Su~reme middotmiddoter Cc=c1l (1944)
Chiet ot ravel General 3teft (February to July 1944)
Conferences- 12i314
bull 128 shy
SHIRATOR
The Defendant $IRAT0RI between 1928 and 1945
was eeong other positions held- Chief or Intorlll8shy
tion Bureau or the loreien Office ( 1930 h ~inister
to sweden orwar Denmark Finland (1936) Ambasbull
aador to Italy (1939) Adviser Japanese Foreign
Office (1940) author of an article in Conte~porary
Japan po1nt1ni_r out the necessity of a World Conflict
to establishmiddotthe llew Order in Asia (hpr11 le
1941) Director IR~Ps (1943)
suzmr
The Defendant SUZ~IYI between-1928 end 1945 was
among other middotpositions held- Lember of the middot111 tery
ffsirs Section or the War Iinistry middot(19Jl) attached
to the Bureau or ~litary ffairs of the ~er Departshy
ment (19J3) Official ot the Investigation Bureau
or the Cabinet (193S) Regimental Col11118nder of the
14th Regiment (1936) Chiefmiddot or the Political Affairs
Division or the Chine ~fairs Poard (December 19J8
to lpril 1941) actill8 Director General thereof
in 1940 middotrreeid~nt ot the Cabinet Planning Board
end Iinieter without orttolio (pr11 1941 to
Cctober 1943) under Konoye and T0ir Cabinet dviser
(Noveriber 1943 to Se~tember 1944) Director or the
IR 1bullbull t (1944)
Conrerances- 689111314
TOGO
The Defendant TOGO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- i~beesedor to (eroany
bull 129
(October 1937) Ambassador to tlll Obion ot Soviet
Socialist Republics (October 1938) Foreign Minister
and Minister for overseas Affairs under TOJO (October
1941 to )larch 1942) Foreign Xinist er and Kini st er
or Greater East Asia WJier SUZUKI (April 1945)
Conterences1- 11121314
TOJ01
The Detendlllt TOJO betireen 1928 ani 1945 was
among Other pos1tions held- Head ot the First
Section or the General Start (1931 to 1932) Chiet
or the Investigation Section or the Am7 Communica-
tions School (1932) Col11111ll1der or the Xilitar7
Police or the Kwantung Ann7 (1935) Chief or Starr
Kwantung Arrrrr (1937) Vice War Minister under
Konoye (Xay to Decenber 1938) Director General or
111litary Aviation (1938 to 1939) far llinb ter umer
Konoye (Julr 1940 to Decelligter 1941) tull General
(October 1940) Prime Ministerand war Minister
concurrentlr (December 2 1941 to Julr 1944) shy
during which period he was also at tirnea Rome
K1n1ster Minister or Jlunitlona and Chier or
General Starr
Conterences1bulll23456S9ll121314
UKEZUI
The Defendant UIIEZU between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held1- Chier or the General
Affairs Depart~~t ot thll War K1n1strr (1931)
Commander of the Japanese Forces 1n China (1934)
Vice war J1n1ster under HIROT Barash and Xonore
(Karch 1936 to Mar 1938) Comnanter of the Kwan tung
Armr and Ambassador to Manchukuo (1939 to 1944)
tull General (1940) Chief or General start (Jul7
1944 to 1945)
bullbull 11011bull 150 shy
- ANNEXES
-
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
-
- A-1 THE POTSDAM DECLARATION
- A-1-a JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-b REPLY BY SECRETARY OF STATE TO JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-c FINAL JAPANESE ACCEPTANCE
- A-2 INSTRUMENT OF SURRENDER
- A-3 MOSCOW CONFERENCE AGREEMET
- A-4 SPECIAL PROCLAMATION ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-5 CHARTER OF THE INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-6 INDICTMENT
-
- GROUP ONE CRIMES AGAINST PEACE
-
- Count 1
- Count 2
- Count 3
- Count 4
- Count 5
- Count 6
- Count 7
- Count 8
- Count 9
- Count 10
- Count 11
- Count 12
- Count 13
- Count 14
- Count 15
- Count 16
- Count 17
- Count 18
- Count 19
- Count 20
- Count 21
- Count 22
- Count 23
- Count 24
- Count 25
- Count 26
- Count 27
- Count 28
- Count 29
- Count 30
- Count 31
- Count 32
- Count 33
- Count 34
- Count 35
- Count 36
-
- GROUP TWO MURDER
-
- Count 37
- Count 38
- Count 39
- Count 40
- Count 41
- Count 42
- Count 43
- Count 44
- Count 45
- Count 46
- Count 47
- Count 48
- Count 49
- Count 50
- Count 51
- Count 52
-
- GROUP THREE CONVENTIONAL WAR CRIMES AND CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY
-
- Count 53
- Count 54
- Count 55
-
- APPENDICES
-
- APPENDIX A SUMMARIZED PARTICULARS
-
- SECTION 1 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN MANCHURIA
- SECTION 2 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN THE REST OF CHINA
- SECTION 3 ECONOMIC AGGRESSION IN CHINA AND GREATER EAST ASIA
- SECTION 4 METHODS OF CORRUPTION AND COERCION IN CHINA AND OTHER OCCUPIED TERRITORIES
- SECTION 5 GENERAL PREPARATION FOR WAR
- SECTION 6 THE ORGANIZATION OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FOR WAR
- SECTION 7 COLLABORATION BETWEEN JAPAN GERMANY AND ITALY AGGRESSION AGAINST FRENCH INDO-CHINA AND THAILAND
- SECTION 8 AGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION
- SECTION 9 JAPAN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA THE COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILLIPPINES AND THE BRITISH COMMONWEALTH OF NATIONS
- SECTION 10 JAPAN THE KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS AND THE REPUBLIC OF PORTUGAL
-
- APPENDIX B LIST OF ARTICLES OF TREATIES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUO ONE AND TWO
- APPENDIX C LIST OF OFFICIAL ASSURANCES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUP ONE
- APPENDIX D INCORPORATED IN GROUP THREE
- APPENDIX E STATEMENT OF INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR CRIMES SET OUT IN THE INDICTMENT
-
resolve will mee1f the inevitable end complete
destruction or the Japanese armed forces end just
es inevitably the utter devastation of the Japanese
homeland
(4) middot he time hescome tor Japan to decide
whether she Ytill continue to be controlled by thoe
self-willed militaristic advisers whose unintelligent
calculations heve brought the Empire of Japan to the
thresh~ld ot annihilation or whether eho will
tpllo~ the path of_reason
(5) Following ere our terms We ~111 not
deviate from them There ere no alternatives We
shell brook no delay
( 6) Thero must be e11m1nated tor ell time the
authority and influence or those who have deceived
end misled the people or Japan into embarking on
world conqueet tor Ye insist that e new order of
peace cocurity end justice will be i=ossible until
irresponsible nilitamprism is driven from the world
(7) Until such e new order is established~
until tiere i~ convincing rroot that Japan e wershy
makin~ power is destroyed roipts in Japanese tershy
ritory to bo desirnated by the llies sh~ll be
occupied to secure the achievement of tho basic
objoctlvos we ere here setting forth
8) The torris of th Coiro Dccleration shall
be carried out end Japanese sovereienity shell be
limit~d to the islands ot Honstu liokkoido Kyushu
Shikoku end such ninor islands es we determine
(9) Tho Japanese military forces etter beins
compl tely disarmed shell be )ermittcd to return to
- 2 shy
their homea ~1th the opportunity ~o lead~peacerul
end productive lives
(10) ie do not intend thEt the Jepe11ese shell
be enslaved 88 8 race or destrored 88 8 nation but
stamprn Justice shell be mcted out to pound11 wer crlminelt
including t~osc who hPve visited cruelties upon Olll
priscn~rs Tbe le~cnesa Government shell remove all
obstacles to tbe r~v1vrl end strongtherilngof demoshy
cratic temiddotndsncics emonc the Jenanose aople Fredo11
cf speech of rel1r1on I end of thollfht es well as
respect for the fundcmentel humen rights shell be
established
(11) Ja~on shall be permitted to mo1nto1n such
industries ss will sust1in her economy end purmlt
the exaction of Just rtperttions in kind but not
those v1hich would nebls her to rr-erm for war To
this end eccess to es disti1111uished trom control
of raw motoriels shell be rermltt~d Eventual
Jepenese particiption in world trade rehtions
shell be parritted
(12) The occupying forces of the Allies shell
be yen1ithdrewn from Je~cn rs soon fS thee objctives
hPve been r ceomplished rmiddotnd thrrc hlt-s bein estft blishcti
in nccordrnce with th~ freely expressed will of trt
eEnese poople e ne~cefully inclined end responsibh
governncnt
( lJ) middotbullre CP11 UPOil the government of Jeptn to
rrcc11m now the uncondltlonil surrender of r11
Jcpenese ~rmed forces rnd to provide proper and
edequote oesur~nces of thsir good rc1th in such
rctlon The lltern~tive far Jeptn ls prompt nd
utter dostructiori
-3-
AlNEX NO A-1-o
JUDGMENT
INTERNATJONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
JAPANESE UALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
LEGATION DE SUISSE Washington n c Sir August 10 1945
I have the honor to inform 7ou that the
Japanese Minister to Switzerland upon instructions
received from his Government has requested the
Swiss Political Department to advise the Government
of tre United States of America of the following
In obedience to the gracious COITDlland of
his Majest7 the Emperor fho ever anxious to
enhance the cause of Rgt rld peace desires
earnestl7to bring about a speed7 termination
of hostilities with a view to saving mankind
from the calamities to be imposed upon them by
further continuation of the war the Japa1elie
Government several weeks ago asked the SOviet
Government with which neutral relations then
prevailed to render good offices in restoring
peace vis -a vis the enemy powers Unfar tuna t_eshy
17 these efforts in the interest of peace
having failed the Japanese Government 1n conshy
formity w1 th the august wish of His ttajest7
to restore the general peace ani desiring to
put an end to the untold sufferings entailed
b7 war as quickl7 as possible have decided
- 4 shy
upon the following
The J~p~nese r-overnmant rre rendy to
ccept the terms enumerrteurod in th- joint
drcl~rrton which bullEs issued ft otsdmiddotm on
July 26th 1945 by the heeds of the Governmonts
of the United St tts Gret t Br itdn ~nd Chin
nnd 1-ter subscribed by tha Soviet Govornment
with the undorstbullncinz thrt the srid doclcrshy
tion does not comprise ~ny de~nd which prejushy
dices the prerogbullmiddottives of His Ejeurosty ts
Sovereign nuler
Tba 0 -rnese Governcnt sincerely hope
h~t this understtnding is wcrrcntGd nd desire
keenly th~t bull n explicit indic tion to th1 t
effect will be speedily forthcomine
In trr nsmi ttinp the r bove messr re the J(pmiddotnese
Iinistar rddod thbullt tis Governraent begs the Governshy
ment of the Tritd St~tes to forwrrd its cnswer
through the intcrmedimiddotmiddotry of Switzerlrnd Similr-r
requests ~re buing trnsmitted to tho Cmiddotovornments
of rrert Britin middotn~ the ~nion of Soviet Socirlist
Republics through the intermedfrry of Sweden bull s
we11 S to the Covernment of Chin~ through the intershy
mcdhry cf Switzerlrnd The Chinesa 1-inister t
Berne h~s bulllredy been informed of the foregoing
through the ehrnnel of the swiss oliticrl Deprrtshy
ment
Plcise be rssured th t I c~ rt your disposl
~t rny time to rccept for nd forwtmiddotrd to my Governshy
m~nt the reply of thcmiddotGovernnent of the Cnited St 0 te~
- 5 shy
tccept S1r the renewed r ssurrnces ot my
highest considerrtion
lh() Fonorcble J~mes f Byrnes s Grossll secret~ry ot Stete
Cherge d 1ttl ires ~d interim ot SW1 tzerlcnd
- 6 shy
JlliEX NO J-1-b
JUDGlENT
INT1RNTIONL IILITay TRIBUNAL FOF THI FJR ElST
REPLY BY SECPLTRY OF STTE TO JJPfuESE CULIFIED ieCCEPTJjCJE
Auust 11 1915
Sir1
I hnve the honor to ~cknowledre receipt of y)ur
note of Auust 10 nnd in rc~ly to inforri you thrt
the Prcsitent of th lnitcd Sttes h~s directed rie
to send to you f~r trrnsrrission by y)ur r0vcrnncnt
to the JlJnese G)vern1ent the follminp r-essire In
brmiddothnlf of the Govcrnncnts of the United Strtcs the
Uni tcd Kinrdoo the Union of Sovkt $)cidist
neublics rnd Chinni
1th rcpr-rd to the Jr-rncgtsc Governricntbulls
rcmiddotSS1fe lCCPtinp the tcri-s ~f the Fotsdri roclcshy
mrti 1n but Cmiddotgtntdninp the strtfmcnt 1 with the
understinclinp thot the stid dcclnr~tion dx s not
comprise rny deoond which rejudicesmiddot the prerontives
or His Majesty cs P sovcrcirn ruler 1 our rosition
is ns folloi-1s1
Fr)ri the riomc-nt of surrender the ruthrity
of the- Er1perr nd the Jnnesc Govcrrnirnt to rule
the stotc s~all be subject to the Surei-~ Clrinrnder
or the llied iov1crs who v1ill t-ke such sters rs he
decr-s roper to cffc ctute the surrender tcrlbullS
The Emperor will be requirec1 to riuth0rize ond
c-nsure thpound sir-nature by the Govcrnrient of Jrrrn nd
the Jn~onese Irirerinl General Hrndqurrtcrs of the
- shy
surrender terns necessary to ccrry out tho proshy
visions ot the ctsdan r~cleretion and shell issue
his couiands to ell tte ~aanesa llilitcr- mvcl
end eir authorities en~ to ell the forces under
th~ir control whoravor locrtod to cease octiva
opcrctions rnd to surrender their trns cnd to
issue suet- otter orders ts tte 3urrelle Cor1itndor
n y relulre to -ltive effect to the surrender terms
Ifll~dietelmiddot unon the surrsnder tho Jarenese
Governnent shell trcnsort rtscners of Vii r end
clvilim int ornees to pleces of s foty cs directd
whera thQ~ cen quickly bb plLced cboerd Allied
trrnsrorts
ThG ultiwt forr1 of eovernnont of Jcpcn
sh~ll in occcrdtnce with the ~otsdcm Decl~rrtion
be cstablisbcd by the freely cxrressed ~111 of tho
Jcpampnesa ~~oplc
Th rr1Gd forces of the Allied iowers will
re r-ln in s--n until the bullurroros set forth in the
otsd~ll declerr tion ore 1middotchlcved
Acccrt Sir the ronewad rssuronces of ry
highest consider~tion
r middotox r-rnssli Ctrge d Jffioires fd Interpound of
Switzcrlnd
- 8 shy
1JU1EX NO 1-1-c
JUDGIENT
INTERNJTIONL MILITARY TRIBUNiL FOR TEE FJR EAST
FINbL JbPIJESE ACCEPTANCE
LBGATION DE SUISSE bullwASHINGTON DC
Aurust 14 1945
Sir1
I have the h~nlr to refer to ylur note of
Aurust 11 in which you requested me to trcnsmit to
oy Government the re~ly ~f the Govcr=nts lf the
United st~tes the United Kinrdom the Union or
Slviet Slcialist Rc~ublics end Chine to the ressape
frlm the Jcpcneso a~vcrnoent which wcs com~unicntcd
in my n~te of August 10
lt 2010 todoy (Swiss Tine) the Jnpcnese
Minister to Switzcrlcnd conveyed the followiflishy
written strtclient to the Swiss Govcrnoent for trrnsshy
1issiln to the four Allied Glvnnmcnts1
Comtiunicrtion of the J~rrnesc Governnent
of Aurust 14 1945 cddressed to the Governoents
of the Unitcd Stetes Greet Britain the Slviet
Union ~nd Chinas 1171th reference to the Jcprnesc Governshy
rpound n11s hote lf 1uust 10 tqrardinl thE ir
nccer~cnce ~r the ~rovisi~ns of the Potsdam
Dcclorrtiln ~na the reply lf the Governments
f the United St~tcs Great Britain tho
Swi1ot Union l)nc Chini srnt by Jrnericn Sccreshy
t~ry f st~tc Zyrncs under the date of AUJUSt 11
- 9 shy
the J~pcnese Governricnt h~vc tho honor to cocshy
nunictc to the rovernnents of the four powers
rs follows
l Fis l~jcsty the ErrEgtror h-s iesued
rn nnerhl rescri~t rcfrrdine- Jprn s ccccptshy
nca of the nrovsions of thamp Potsd2c Daclcrcshy
tion
2 Fis Lr Jc sty the Jmperor is prcprrtid
to ~middotuthorize ~nd cnsur the signtture by his
Gcverrwunt cnd the Imperil-I Gcnerrl Herdqucrters
of the necessmiddot ry terris for crrry1ng out the
provisions of the fotsdc Deel rr tion Eis
r jesty is bull lso repf red to issue his coonrmiddotnds
to r-11 the nilitrry nmiddotvcl rnd middotir uthorities
of Jltpn degnd ell th forces uncicr thtiir control
vherever loc tcd to cs~ se ctive opertions to
surrender -rllS rnd to issue such other orders
s rny b required b the 5urrma Conrl nder of
the lli(d Feroes for th~ execution of th
bull bove-ncntioncd tcrls
1capt lr th- r~newtd rssurrnces of my
hiFhest consictertion
Grrssli Chrrge d middotrrires middotrd interim
of SWitzerlr nd
1r ~x Grssli Chmiddot rge abull rr~ ires middot d InteriL~ or
3yeni tzerlr nd
- 10 shy
A~TJIl TC J -2
JlJDG E-T
HTmmiddotmICITAL )III~RY TRIBUNtL FCR TH FAR EAST
e acting b command of and in behalf of the
ELlperor cf Jaran the Japanese ~overnment en~ the
Ja~anese Imperial General Feadouarters hereby
accept the provisions set forth in the declaretioc
issued by the heads or the Governments of the TTnited
States C ine end Great flritain on 26 July 1945 at
rotsdeo and subsequently adhered to b) the Union
of Soviet Socialist Re~ublics which four powers
ere hereafter referred to as the Allied ~ewers
e hereby proclain the unconditional surrender
to tte Jllied rowers of the Jarenese Imperial General
Heacq_uarters end of all anenese armed forces and
ell arMed forces under Jaanese control wherever
situated
e hereby collllend all Japanese foroes wherever
situated and the Je~epese people to cease hostilities
forthwith t(l preserve enc save fror- daoate ell
ships Eircreft and Eilitery ahd civil property
end to ccMply with all requirecents which may be
irroosed bmiddot the Supreme Cotlllenltler for the Allied
Powers or by agencies of the Jaranese Government at
his direction
middote hereby collllanc the Japanese rr~erial General
Peodquarters to issue at once orders to the Comshy
manders of ell Jaenese forces end all forces under
- 11 shy
middotJaanese control vherever situated to surrender
unconditionslly themselves and all forces under
their control
e hereby corllland all civil military end naval
officials to obey end enforce all proclsmetions
orders end directives deerued by the Supreme Comshy
mender for the Allied ~ewers to be proper to
effectuate this surrender end issued bmiddot hio or under
his authority and~~ direct all such officials to
re~~in at their posts end to continue to perform
their non-combatant duties unless specifically
relieved by hi1 er under his author ty
middotmiddote hereby undertaYe for the ELperor the
JaTienese Government end their successors to carry
out the provisions of the otsdan Declaration in
~cod feith end to issue whatever orders and teke
whatever action nay be rerured bl the Suprene
Corllonder for tte Allied rowers or by ony other
designated rspres~ntative of the tllied ~ewers for
tlie ~-urose or riving effect to that Decl1ration
e hcrebi corlland the Japenese Inerial
rovernrent ond the Japanese ImTierial General headshy
quarters et once to liberate all allied prisoners
of Mr end civilisn internees now under Japanese
control end to provide for their ~rotection cere
lillintenence and illllediete trans)ortrtion to places
es directed
~he euthority of ths m~eror and the Japanese
Government to rule the state shall be subject to
th~ 8upreme Colllllcnder for ths Allied Powers who will
tike auch steps as he deems proper to effectuate
- 12 shy
these terms or surrender
51gned et TokO Bsmiddot Janen at 0904 on the
Second dry of September 1945
By Command find In b6 alf of the Emnoror of Japan end the Jepanese Gov3rnment
Ycshirro Umezully Cornrnd endn behe lf of the JAFtnese lnperitl Genersl Hecduerters
fcCftod ct Tytyo E~ Te pan Et 0908 on the
~eccnd dry of lt1ertairbor 1945 for the ttnited Stctes
Reublio of Chine United fingdoP1 rnd the Union of
Soviet kci~list Republics e-nd in the interests of
the other Tnited Nrtions rt lier with Jopcn
C l NiMit z Unlted St~tes Representtive
Hsu Yung-ChFnll
Bruce Fr-ser United Kinqcon JepresentEtive
lieuten~nt renerrl K Derevyrnko Union of ~ovlet Soolrllst RepublicsRepresent~tive
T bull Blrmy Corimiddotcnwer-lth of fustrlic RepreBEnhtive
I bull toore Cos lr ne DoMinlcn cf eenfdf lepresentctrve
le Chrc ~rovl~icnsl Gov~rnment of the French Republic qerrescnt~tive
- lJ shy
C ~ 1 Helfrich flngdom of the ~c~hcrlmiddotncs Reprsent~tive
Ltonmiddotrd middot Isittmiddot Doninion of Pew Zcmiddotlmiddotnd Rcnrcsentctive
~ccptin the terms set forth in tho De~l r shy
tion issued br the heds of the Goverll1lcnts of the
1Jni tcd st tes Grert Eritcin ind Lhin on July 26
1945 r-t otsdru nd subsequently ~dhered to by the
Union of ~oviet Soci list Re~ublics I hva commnde4
the lmiddot J nose Irperil Governm-nt ~nd the J1p~ nese
lllperi l Gener~ 1 He dqu~rter13 to sign on my behlf
the instrument of surrender presented by the Supreme
ColDlmiddot nder for the llied owsrs 7nd to issue Generfl
Orders to the lil1trry bullnd IIbullvbulll forces in cccordrnclt
with the direction of the Supr5lilC Comm ndw- for the
llied Fowers I co=rnd rll my people forthwith to
cerse hostilities to lbully down their irms nd fbullithshy
fullr to c~rry out middot11 the provisions of the instrushy
rent of surrcndor middotnd th Generrl Orders issued by
the ry~ nese Im~erirl C-encrbull 1 lier dqu~ rters thereunde
- 14 shy
JNNEX NO J-3
JUDGMENT
INTLRNATIONAL MILITRY TRIBUNJ FOR THE FAR EA-
MOSCOV CONFERENCE AGREE-ENT
The Forei rn Ministers of the Union If Soviet
Scicl1st Republics the United Kinrdom and ~e United Stetes of ncricn met in Moscow frrr December
16 to December 26 1945 in ncc0rd with the
decision of the Crimea Conference poundOnf1rmed nt t~
Berlin C0nference thet there shuld be er ind ic conshy
sultnt11ll between them At the meetinfs of the 3
Foreign Ministers discussions took plnce on nn
informnl nnd erlorntory bnsis r-nd crrecmrnt wns
renched on the follow1np questions bull
bullbullibullbull
i The Supreme Commnltkr shdl 1ssuc nll
Orders for the inplmiddotmcntati ln of the Terms of
SurrendEr the Occupatigtns end control of J~)~n
nnd Dirc-ctives supplercmiddotntnry thereto In middotoll cases
action will be cnrricd cgtut uncer me throurh the
Supreme Commender who is the s0le Excmiddotcutive ruth0rity
for the Allied Povers in Joprn He 1ill consult nnd
id vise vii th the Council in ndvnnce of thc is sunnce
gtf Orders on mnttcrs of substance the rxirencies
of the situation permittinr his decisions upon
these octtcrs shall be controllinr
middot
- 15 shy
mrtJC T( -4
Jl JYl TJ-1T
=rcr middotr ircr middotmiddotmiddotmiddot1rr~r
JTltlISP~T ( 11 1 TCI IIIT1Y TRI~UNL
FOR CU~ FR ~ST
ViHlES the United Ltetes end the Netions
allied therewith in orposing the illegal wars of
aggression of the middotxis fJetions have froll time to
tine made declarations cf their intentions that
war crininals should be brought to justice
17 middot the Governnents of the middot111ed -ewers
et war with Japan en the 26th July 1945 at ~otsdam
declared as one of the terns of surrender that
middotstern Sustice shall be meted out to all Yer crimshy
inals including those who hove visited cruelties
upon our ~risoners
F~ middot b~middot the Instrument of Surrender of
Tenen eirecuted et ollt~middoto lay Jaran on the 2nd
lterter1er 1945 the signatories for Tapan by
colnllenc of and n behalf of the un~a~or enc the
re~anese Government accented the terms set forth
in such Declaration at otsddm
FE1 middot by such Instrument of Surrender the
authority of tle Srnperor and the Ja~ anese Government
to rule the etate of middotr_aen is made subject to the
Suprene Cv~bullbuller for the bull-llied owers who is
suthorized to take such steps as he deems proper
tc- effectuate the terms of surrender
- 16 shy
HEREbull 5 the undersigned has been designated by
the lied overs as Suprelle Colltander for the
llied ~obullers to carry into effect the general
surrender of the Japanese arned forces
middotmiddot~middot S the Governments of the United States
Great lri tain -nd russia at the middotoscoy Conference
26th Decer1ber 1945 having considcrei the effectushy
ation by Jaan of the Teris of surrender with tte
concurrence of China have agreed thet the Supreme
ColMander shall issue all Crders for the implamenshy
tetion of the Terns ot Surrender
rC1middot11 THffSFORl I Douglas Hae rthur BS
Supreme Co~mender for the llied rowers by virtue
of the authority so conferred upon ne in order to
imlement the Term of Surrender which requires the
meting out of stern justice to war criminals do
order and provide as follows
RTICl~ 1 There shall be established en
International 1-ilitery Tribunal for the Far est
for the trial of those persons charged individually
o~ es members of oranizations or in both capacishy
ties yith Qffenses which include crimes against
peace
middotR~ICI~ 2 The Constitution jurisdiction and
functions of this Tribunal are those set forth in
the Ghnter of the International lilitiry Tribunal
for thpound ~er Vest a~~roved by mo this day
middot~~JCI~middot3 Nothing in this Order shell
prejudice theJurisdiction of any other internatione
netlonel or occuretion court conriission or other
tribunal established or to be established in Japan
bull 17
or in any territory or a United Nation with Which
Jann has been at war for the trial or war
criminols
Given under my hand et Tokyo this 19th dey
of January 1946
be bullt Iso RTHUR Gontrol of the rmy United State$ rmySupreme Commender for the llied Powers
bull
- 18 shy
ArJllEX NO bull A-5
JODGMBIU
CHARTER
OF THE HJJill~ATICNH lILITARY TRIBUNAL FCR T~o FPR EAST
SECTICI~ I
COSITlJICN CF TRIBU1~~L
ARTICIE 1 middotTribunal Established The Intershy
national Yilitary Tribunal for the Far East is hereshy
by established for the just ano prompt trial and
punishment of the major war criminals in the Far
East The permanent seat of the Tribunal is in
Tokyo
4ITIC1E 2 embers The Tribunal ehall c 0
onsistmiddot
of not less than six ne~bers ruir ncre than eleven
members appointed by the Supreme Commander for the
Allied ~ewers from the names submitted by the Signashy
tories to the Instrument of qurrender India and
Phe Commonwealth of the Philippines
AlTICLE 3 Officers and Secretariat
a President The Supreme Commander for
the lllied Powers Shall appoint a Member to be
President of the Tribunal
b Secretariat
(1) The Secretariat ot the Tribunal
shall be composed o~ a General
Secretary to be appointed by the
Supreme Commander tor tle llied
Powers end such assistant seersshy
bull 19 bull
tariee clerks interpreters erd
other personnel as may be necesshy
sary
(2) The General Secretary shall organshy
ize and direct the work of the
Secretariat
()) The Secreteriet shell receive ell
documents addressed to the
Tribunal maintain the records or
the Tribunal provide necessary
clerical services to the Tribunal
end its members and perform such
other duties as may be designated
by the Tribunal
JRTICL 4 Convening and uorum Votinl1 1 and
bsence
a Convening and luorum When as many as
six members or the Tribunal are present they may
convene the Tribunal in formel session The
presence ore majority or ell members shall be
necessary to constitute e quorum
b Voting All decisions end judgments
of this ~rlbunel including convictions an~ sentenshy
ces shall be by a maJorit7 vote or those members
or the Tribunal present rn case the votes are
evenly divided the vote or the ~resident shall be
decisive
c Abseaoe Ir a member et any time is
absent a~d afterwards ls able to be ~resent he
shall take part in ell subsequent proceeding~
unless he declares 1n open court that he is disbull
- 20 bull
quelitied by reeson of insutticient middottsriiliarity with
the proceedings which took place in his absence
SllCJICN II
Jll~ISDICTINT HD Gll1-~AL ~OVISIOTS
ltRTICIE 5 Jurisdiction Cver ersons end
Offenses The ~r1bunel shall heve the power to try
and runis~ Fer e~tern wer cri~inals who es indivshy
iduals or as members of orranizetions ere charged
with offenses which Lclude Criries against Peace
Tbeefol_lovinr acts or eny of them are crimes
coni~e within the jurisdiction of the ~ribunel for
which there shall be individual responsibility
a Criries against Peace Namely the
planning ~reparation ni_iation or waging of a
declereo or undeclared var of aggression or a war
in violation of intern~tionul lew trerties agreeshy
ments or ossurpoundnces or perticipction in o common
plr n or cc nspirr cy for the occon91iehment of lny of
the foregoing
6 Conventionel ~r ~rires Nenely
vioLtions ot the lrws or custocs of wer
c CriJ11es rrrinst -uw nity Nrmely
curdor extcrmintion enslvcment deportrtion
nd other inhum-ne ~cts committed before or during
the w~r or pereeoutions on politicrl or rtciEl
grounds in execution ot or in connection with my
crime ~ithin the urisdiction of the Tribunrl
whether er not in violbulltion of the domestic 1w of
the country -here perp1tr( ted Le~dcrs orgnizers
lnstig~tors middot nd rccomplices prrticipbull ting in the
- 21 shy
tormuletion or executiomiddotn of a common plan or conshy
spiracy to commit any otmiddotthe foregoing crimes ere
responsible tor eil acts performed by any person
in execution or such plan
RTICL~ 6 Responsibility of Accuse~ Neither
the official position at any time of en ecc~sed 1 nor the feet that an accused acted pursuant to order
of his government or ot a superior shall of itself
be sutficient to free such accused from responsibil shy
ity tor any crime with whi~b he is charged but euch
circumstances may be considered in mitigation of ___
punishment it the Tribunal determines that jus~ioe
so requires
ARTICLE 7 Rules of Procedure The Tribunal
may draft and amend rules of procedure consistent
with the fundamental provisions of this Charter
AR~TCLE 8 Counsel
e Chief of middotcounsel The Chief of Counsel
desieneted by the Supreme Commender tor the Allie4
Powers is responsible for the investigation end
prosecution of charges against war criminals within
the jurisdictionmiddot of this Tribunal and will render
sue~ legal assistance to the Supreme Commander es
is appropriate
b Associate Counsel Any United Netion
with which Japan has been et war may appoint en
~ssociate Counsel to assist the Chief of ~ouneel
SECTICN III
FAIR TRIAL FO~ ACCUSED
ARTICLE 9 Procedure for Feit Trial In order
- 22 shy
t~ nsure fair trial fo~ the accused the following
procedure stell be followed
a Indictment The indictment shell
consist of a plein concise and adequate statement
of each offense charged Each accused shall be
furnished in adequate time for defense a copy of
the indictment including ~ny amendment end of this
Charter in a larguage understood by the accused
b Language The trial and related proshy
ceedings shell be conducted in Eglish and in the
laniuage of the accused Translations of documents
and other papers shall be provided as needed and
requested
c Couns~l for Accused taph accused
shall have the right to be represented by counsel
of his own selection subject to the disapproval
of such counsel at any tifle by the Tribunal The
eccused shall file with the General Secretrry of
the ~ribunal the name of his counsel If an accused
is not represented by counsel and in open court
requests tJe Blbullpointment of counsel the Tribunal
shall designate counsel for him In the absence
of such request the Tribunampl may appoint counsel
for an accused if in its judgment such appointment
is necessery to provide fer a fair trial
d Evidence for Defense An accused
shall have the right through himself or throurmiddoth
his counsel (but not through both) to conduct his defense inclbulliding the right to examine any witness
subject to such reasonable restrictions as the
Tribunal may deterMine
- 23 shy
e Production of ~vidence for the
Defense An accused may ap~ly in writing to the
Tribunal formiddot the Tgtroduction rf witnesses or of
documents The anplication shall state where the
witness or document is thou~ht to be looated It
shall also state the facts nroposed to be proved
by the witness or the document and the relevancy
of such facts to the defense If the ~ritunal
grants the a~plication the Tribunal shall be given
such al d in obtaining nroduction of the evidencemiddot
as the circumstances reouire
ARTICLE 10 Applicetions end Hotions before
Trial All motions epplicatioqs or other requests
addressed to the Tribunal prior to the commencement
of trial shall be made in writing end filed with
the General Secretary of the Tribunal for action
by the Tribunal
S11CTICN IV
J(1RS 0F JRIBTPI ~~D COTDTTCT CF TRIAL
AR~ICLll 11 ~ The Tribunal shall have
the newer
a To summon witnesses to the trial to
require ther to attend and testify and to question
them
b To interrogate each accused and to
~ermit comment on his refusal to answer any question
o To require the production of documents
end other evidentiary material
d To require of each witness ampn oath
affirmation or such declaration ea is customary in
- 24 shy
the country of the witness end to adminiter oaths
e To appoint officers for the carrying
out of any task designated by the lribunal includshy
lng the Ower to Jave evidence taken on corunissicn
AR~ICIE 12 Conduct of Trial The mribunel
shall
a Confine the trial strictly to en
expeditious hearin of the issues raised by the
charges
b Take strict measures tQ prevent en7
action which would cause any unreasonable delay and
rule out irrelevant issues end statements of any
kind whatsoever
c ~rovide for the maintenance of order
at the trial end deal summarily with any contumacy
imposing eppropriete runishment including exclushn
of any accused or ~is cou~sel f~om some or all
further proceedings but without rrejudice to the
deterninPtion of the charges
d Dctcrminamp the mental snd physicel
ccp9city cf en7 accused to riroceed to trial
f8J1E 13 ~vidcnce
e Adgt1issibilitv The Tribunal shell not
be bound bv techniccl rules of evidence It shall
rdopt ~nd ~ply to the gre~test possible extent
expeditious end non-trchnic1 procedure middotnd shr11
dmit ~ny evidence which it deems to hve proktive
vrlue All rur1orted dmissions or stctemcnts of middot
the Cousod re cimissible
b RelGv~ nee Th Tri bun_l m7 r_oquire
to be informed of tho m turc of - ny evidence before
- 25 shy
1t is otteredmiddot-111 order to rule ut1on the relev1 rice
c Specific evidence Pdclssible In
prrticulir ~r~ without limiting in middotny wmiddotmiddoty the
scope ot tbe foreroing gonerrl rules the tolhwing
ovidonce m~y be rdmittcd
(1) A document rcgbullmiddotrdlcss of its
security cl~ssitic~tion nd
without root of its issumiddotnce or
sign~ture which l6~rs to th
Tribunrl to h~ve beonsigntd or
issued by bullny officer dop rtraent
ltgcncy or mtnbcr of thi bullrmed
forces ot rny goverruncnt
(2) A -lt~middott t cl pc(rs to the
Tribun-1 to hrvo bean signed or
issued by tho InternPtiondegl Rod
Cross or r member thcreot or
by r doctor of medicino or n7
medicrl sGrvice personnel or by
rn investlg-tor or intollige~co
officer or by ~ny other person
who middotppers to the Tribunrl to
hrvc nersonPl knowledge ot tha
llltters continod in tho r port
J) An eftidavit deposition or other
signed statement
(4) A diary letter or other document
including sworn or unsworu steteshy
ments-which appear to the Tribushy
nal to contain inforlll8tion relat shy
ing to the chmiddotarge
- 26 shy
(5) A copy of e document of lther
seclnch1ry Evidence lr its contents
if the oripin~l is not immediately
nvPileble
d JudiciPl Not~ce The Tribunal shall
neither require prof of rccts or common knewledpe
nor or the authenticity of ~rricial ~~vernment
~ocuocnts and reports or rny nation or or the proshy
cecdins records end findinrs or militnrymiddot or other
arencies or rny er the United Nations
e Records Exhibits llld Documents The
transcript or the procecdinps rnd exhibits end
documents submitted to theTribun~l will be filed
with the General Stcretary ormiddotthc Tribunal end will
constitute plrt or the Record
RTICLE 14 PlPee or Triel The first trial
will be held at Tokyo end eny subsequent tria~s
~111 be held et such rleces a$ the Tribunnl decides bull
poundIlTICLE 15 Course of Trial Proceedings The
-proceedinfs et tho Trial will take the fcllowing
C1JUISel
a The indictoent will be read in court
unless the roadinf is waived by all accused
b The Tribunalmiddot will ask each accused-
llhothtr he pleads ruilty er not ruilty
c The prosecution and each accused (by
counsel only 1 represented) ~ay ~ake a cmcise
opining stotencnt
d The prosecution ond defense may ofter
evidence nnd the admissibility or the same shall be
dpoundtermined by the Tribune~
- 27 shy
e The rrosecution end each accused bf
coun~el only if represented) JTl8Y examine each
witness and each accused who elves testimony
r ccused (by counsel only if represhy
sented) MSY address the Tribunal
g Tho prosecution may address the
Tribunal
h The Tribunal will deliver Judgment
and pronounce sentence
SECTICm V
JUOOI1INT ~TD 3a~~CE
RTICLE 16 Penolty Tho Tribunal shall have
the ower to im2ose upon an accused on conviction
death or such other ~unisrunent as shall be detershy
runod by it to be just
RTICI~ 17 Judgment end Review The Judgment
willmiddotbo onnounced in open court end will give the
reesons on which it is based The r~cord of the
triampl will be transmitt~d directly to the Supreme
Collllander for tho llied ewers for his action_
Sentence will be carried out in accordance with the
Order 9f the Supreme Commender for the llie_d Powqe
who mBy et ony time reduce or otherwise elter the
sentence except to increase ts severity bull
By comm1cnd or GenErl UooRTliUR
RICH1RD J MiREHLL llljor GEnerrl General-Steff cmiddotorpe
Chief of Steff
OFFICIL
s Bl Fitch B l FITCH
Brigrdior Cenorel 1 GD middot djutrnt General
28 bull
ANNEX NO A-6
JUDGMENT
WTIWATirNAL mIITAtv TRIBUNAL FOR THE PAR EAST
INDICT1NT
THf llTTlD STNJES CF AERICA TtE REPUBLIC OF CHINA
THE T~TIID YINGDO CF qEftT BRITAnr AND UCRTHERN
I~EI~D Tl-TE rmrorr CF SOVIET fCCIAUST R)lPT1J3LICS~
TFli COl~C1llUTF OF ~USTRAUA CArADA THE REgtUBLIC
OF fRAlTCE ii KIYGDrl 01 THE NETHERLAlDS NEW
ZlALAm nDI A AND Tl-~ COlJONWEALllI CF liE
PFILirgtn~s
bullAGAINST shy
A~AKI Sedao DCFIARA Kenji liASHDlOTC _Kingoro
FfTA Sunroku FIRANUMA K11chiro HIROTA Koki
HCSRnro Naciki ITGAKIbull Seishiro l7AYA Okinori
KIDO Koichi KDURA Eeitaro rcrsc Kuniaki
~~fTST1I _Iwene lATSTJCPA Yosuke MDTflI middot Jiro
HOTO llkire NAGAPO Osemi CKA Takasumi OKllllA
Shume1 OJlnfA Hiroshi S-TO Ienryo ffiIGlITSU
Memoru SPnrnA Shiretaro SP-IRATORI Tosh1o
~TZJ~I Teiichi TrGC Shigenori TCJO Hideki
UEZU Yoshijiro
Defendants
INDICJ1Ell
In the years hereinafter refe~red to in thie
Indictment the internal and foreign policies middotor JapaL
were dominated ane directed by a cr~inal militarshy
istic clique and such policies were the cause of
serious world troubles aggressive wars end great
- 29 shy
damage to the interests of reace-loving peoples es
well as the interests of the 1apanese peo1e themshy
selves
~he ampind of the Jananese people wes systematicshy
ally poisoned with harmful ideas of the alleged
raciel superiority of ~aran over other peopls of
Asia and even of the whole world Such parllamentarl
institutions es existed in Japan were used as impleshy
ments for widespread aggression and a system similat
to those tren established by Hitler and the Nazi
party in Germany and by the Faicst party in Italy
was introduced The economic and financial resourtef
of lapan were tc a large extent riobillzed for war
a lJiis to the detrinent of the velfare of the Japanespound
pao~le
A conspiracy between the defencants joined in
br the rulers of othr aggressive countries naLely
Tazi Germany anc Fascist Italy as entered into
The rmiddotain objects of tis consiiracy vmiddotas to secure
the dominetion and exrloltation br the aggressive
States of the rest of tte world end to this end
to collllit or encourage the co~mission of crires
against peace war crimes end criries against humanshy
ity as defined in the Charter of this Tribunal thus
threatening end in~uring the basic principles of
liberty end respect fer the hunen personality
In the _rrorotion end accor1plishment of that
achene t~ese defendants taking advantege of their
power and their official positions and their own
personal ~restige and influence intended to and
did plan prepare initiate er vege aggressive ver
- JObull
against the United States of America the Republic
of China the United Kingdoll of Great Pimiddotaain ampnd
trorthern Irelend the 1Tnion of Soviet 50cialist
Republics the Cort1rtonwea 1th of Australia Canada
the Renublc of France the Yingcom of tre Nethershy
lends Pew Zealenc India tte CoJ11onwea 1th of the
Philippines end other reaceful nations in vioetion
of international law es well as in violetion ol
sacred treat- cotJni tme_nts obligetlons and assurshy
ances such plan ccnteu~leted end carried out th~
vibhtion of recognized custoras end conventions of
war b murder in~ niaiming anlt ill-treating prisoners
of war civilian internees end persons OL the high
sees denyine theM edequate food shelter clothing
medicsmiddotl cere or other alrroprifte attention
forcing them to labour under inhwane conditions
end subjecting thera to indignities exploit to
Japans benefit the llenpower snd economic resources
of the vanquished netions plundering public end
private ))ropert1- wantonly destroying cit tms
end villPges beyond eny justification of m1~~tery
neceesity nerretrate mess murder rape pillege
brigEndage torture ampnd other barbaric cruelties
uron the helpless civiliun populetion of the overshy
run countries increampse tre influence and control
of the- mil1t1Jr nnd navel grours over Jepcnese
government offic lels Fnd egencies psyl)hologicelly
prepare Japan-se public opinion for argressive warshy
fare by establishing so-celled ~ssistcnce Societies
teaching netionelistic policies of expansion disshy
seminetinr w~r proprgende end exercising strict
- Jl shy
control over the press rnd redio set up puppet
governuents in conuered countries conclude rlilit-ry
aliicnces with Germn~middot rnd Itrl to enhnce by
military 1ight Jfnrn s progrtrime of expansion
Therefore the cbove nr-ned N2ticns ty their
undersicned representntives ~uly cppoi~ted to
renresent their respective Gover=ents in the invesshy
tigction of the chorges cgcinst end the prosecution
of the middotIe-jor We r Criminrls iiursuent to the Potsdm
Decl~rton of the 20th Jul 1945 end the Instrushy
ment of Surr-rnder of thE 2nd Septerober 1945 0nd
the Chrrter of the Tri bun 1 hereby 0 ccuse cs guilty
in the respects hsrein~fter set forth of Crimes
igcinst Oeece 1rr Grines rmiddotnd Criries gninst wn1mshy
ity ond of rommon Pl1-bullns or Conspircies to collJlit
these Crimes 211 cs defined in the Ch~rter of the
Tribuml end rccordingly n~me rs Defendnts in this
cruse end cs indicted on the Counts hersin1middotfter set
out in which their n-middotns respectively qipe( r ~11
the [bove-n_med individurls
GRCUP NI CRI89 AGAIST FE CE
The following counts charge Crimes against
Feece being Pcts for which it is charged that the
persons naned and each of trem are indivi~ually
resnonsible in accordance with Article 5 and particshy
ularly frticle 5(a) and (b) of the Charter of the
International ilitary Tribunal for the Far East
and in accordance with International Law or either
of them
- J2 bull
CotTNI 1
P11 the DefendMts together ~1th divers other
persons between the let January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
Axecution of a common rlan or conspirac~ and are
resnonsible for all acts performed by themselves
or br anr )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such ~lan or ccnsniraci was that
Japan should secure the military naval poll ti cal
and economic dorinetion of East bullsia and of the
Pacific and Inaian Oceans and of all countries and
islands therein end bordering thereon and for that
nurpose slould alone or in combination with other
ccuntries hevinf sillilar objectii or who could be
indicecl or coerced to foin therein wage declared
or undeclared wer or wars of aggression and war or
wars middotin violetion of international lew treaties
agreements and assurances ega~nst eny country or
countries which might oppose that ~urpose
The whole of the ~articulars in Appendix A
of the Treaty Jrticles in Appendix B end of the
ssurances in bullppendix C relate to this Count
CCUNT 2
~11 the Defendants toqether with divers other
persons between the 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or eccomrlices in tbe formulation er
execution of a cormiddotUlOn 1an or conspiracy and are
resgtonsi ble for ell acts perforr1ed by themEelves or
by an3middot person ln execution of such plan
- 33 shy
The object of such_pian or conspiracy wes that
laren should ascure the military navel political
end economicmiddot dominction of the rovinces of Lieoning
Kirin Heilunpkieng end lehol bein~ perts of the
Re)ublic cf Chine either directl~ or by establishshy
ing a separate state under the control of Jenen
end for that rurpoae should wage declared or undeshy
clared war or wars of aggression end war or wars
in violation of internationai law treaties agreeshy
ments and assurances against the Republic of China
The whole of the Particulors in ~ppendix 1
the following rrreaty rticles in lpendix P Nos 1
to 6 inclusive 8 to 14 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive
32 to 35 inclusive and tlie following ssurances in
~ppendix C Nos 1 to 8 inclusive relate to this
Count
cmrr-1] 3
All the Defendants together with divers other
oersons betveen tbe 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 particpeted as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a corimon ilan or consbull~racy Fnd are
resionsible for all acts perfoned bi ttemselves or
b1 inymiddot )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or conspirscy wes that
Japan should ~ecure the military navel political
and economic doffiinetion of tha Reutlic of Chins
either directly or by estblishingmiddot separate state
or stctes under the control of Japcn Pnc for thct
~urpose shoulc wage declared or unceclared wrr or
- 34 shy
wars of age-ression end wer or vars in violation
of international law treaties agreements and
assurances agein~t the Rerublic of China
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix l end the sane Treaty rticles and ssurances as in Count
2 relate to this Count
CCTJNT 4
11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons betwemiddoten tle stmiddot Zanuory 1928 and the 2nd
Senterrber 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instieotors or eccomrlices in the formulation or
execution of a comrion lan or cons1gtiracy ind ere
resnonsible for ell sets performed by themselves or
b any person in execution of such plin
The object cf such plan or ccns~iracy was that
Jenan should secure the 11ili tary nuvel political
and economic do11nation of East sia and of the
Facific ond Indian Oceans tnd of ell countries end
islands therein or borderinpound thereon end for thet
purrose should alone or in coabim tion with other
countries bovine sniler objects or who could be
induced or coerced to Join therein wage declared or
undeclered wer or we-rs of aggression and wer or
wars in violPtion of internationhl la~ treaties
egreerents )nd assuu-nces egt-instmiddot the Pnited Strtes
of neric11 tre British Conmonwealth of Nutions
(which expression ~herever used in this Indictment
inoludes the UnitedKingdom of Greot Britsin end
Northern Ire lend the Commonweel th of bullustrelil
CFOds Jew ZePlond South ifiicE India Burma thbull
- 35 shy
I~P lay States end all other narts of the Eri tish
Erpire not serarately represented in the League of
Nations) the Republic of France the lingdom of
the letherlends tre Republic of China the Republic
of Portueel the Kingdom of ~hailand the Cororronshy
wea 1th of the Philippines ana tle tTnion of Soviet
Socialist Reublics or such er them as might oppose
trat ptlIJOOSB
Tle whole of the Particulars in Aopendix A
end of the ~reaty Articles in A9pendix P and of the
Assurances in Appendix C relete to this Count
CCUtT 5
~11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons beteen tJie 1st lanuer 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 rarticipated es leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a conunon plan or conspiracy and are
responsible for all acts performed by themselves or
by an person in execution of such plan
The ob1ect of such plan or conspirec was that
Germany Italy end apan should secure the military
navalmiddot politicalend economic doriination of the
whole world each having special domination in its
own sphere the sphere of Japan covering East tisie
the Pacific and Indien Oceans and all countries end
islands therein or bordering thereon end for that
nurnose should mutually assist one another to wage
declared or undeclared war or wars of aggression
and war or wars in violation of international law
treaties a~reelents end assurances against any
countries which might o~~ose thet ~~rpose and parshy
ticularly against the United States of America the
British Comraonwealth of Nations the Renublic of
France the 1ingdcm of the Netherlands the Republic
of Uhina the Republic cf Portugal the Kingdom of
Thailand the Commonwealth of the Philippines end
the Union of Soviet Socialist Renublics
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix A and
of the Treaty ~rticles in lppendix 1 and of the
Assurances in ppendiz C relate to this Count
CCUNT 6
hll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928middot
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression end a war in violrtion of intershy
national law treaties agreSlents andassurances
against the Renublic of China
The followingSections of the Particulars in
lppendiz rros l to 6 inclusive end the same
Treaty rticles and Assurances as in Count 2 relate
to this Count
COTThT 7
lll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression and a war in violation of intershy
national law treaties agreements end assurences
against the United States of rmerica
The followine middotsections of the Particulars in
1ppendiz middot Nos 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10_ tle folJowshy
ing Treaty ~rticles in Appendix B Nos l to 10
bull 3T bull
inclusive 17 to 19 inclusive 22 to )5 inclusive
end 37 and the whole of the f surences in ppendix
C relate to this Count
CCUNT 8
Ill the Defendants between the 1st Jenury
1928 end the 2nd September 1945 planned and preshy
pared a wer of aggression end e war in viohtion of
international law treaties agreements end assurshy
ances epeinst the lTnited lingdom of ltlreet Britein
end Northern I~elend enc ell rerts of the British
CommonwePlth of Nations not the subject of separate
counts in this Indictment
The following Sections of the ~erticulors in
lpehdix middotbull N~ J 4 5 6 7 9 End 10 nd tbe
fcllowine Trepoundty 1rticles in ppendix B Nos 1 2
5 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive 32 to
)5 inclusive 37 and J8 and the whole of the
bullseuronces in 0pendix C relate to this Count
C(ITJT 9
All the Defendentsmiddotbetween the 1st January
1928 fnd the 2nd September 1945 plEnned end preshy
prred e war of eggression Ende war in violcticn of
internntion~l low treaties egreements anQ assurshy
ences geinst the Cor1nonveilth of ustralie
The sene Sectiofts of the Portioul~rs in
ppendix rnd the some Trety middotrticles poundgtnd ssurshy
~noes rs in Count 8 relrte to this Count
- JS shy
COTHT 10 bull
middot11 tl-J e Defencrrts between the 1st Jonu~ry 192
end tbe 2nd Seutember 1945 plnned cnd prepmiddotred e
wFr of nRression ~nd WPr in vlolbulltion of intershy
nctionamiddot1 l~w tre 0 tics rgreeuents rnd essurampnC6S
cpPinst Rew 7eelrnd
The s~le Cections of the ~rticulirs in ~ppudi
Z end the SEmiddotme Trety rticles end )ssurrnces fS i1
Count 8 relcte to this Count
CCTT 11
111 the Delend~nts beteen the 1st J1middotnurgtry 1921
rnd the 2nd Se~tcober 1945 plnned and prepcred
war of oegression ~nd c wrr in viot~iion of intershy
ntioIel lr-w treeties rgreenents rnd essuronce
rgoinst c~nd3
The srme Sections of the ~rrticulfrs nprendi
middot end the s~ne Trerty rticles nd ssur-nces- rs in
Count 8 relFte to this Count
CCITI 12
f11 tto Dcofendnts between tbe 1st i nury 92
ena tr e 2nc Sef)tenter 1945 ~lenned ~nd nrapired 8
wor of -egresson ind c Wr n viohtion of intershy
nrt~omiddotmiddot--1 lrmiddotw trampcties Fgreenents ~nd cssur~middotnces
against India
The ssroe Sections of the rarticu~ in ~ppendiJ
and the sar-e Treaty rticles end ssurarces as 1
Connt 8 relate to this Count
~ 39 shy
C()TJT 13
~11 the Defendants between the 1st JenuPry 192
and the 2nd September 1945 planned end nrepered a
war of aggression and a wer n violction of intershy
national law treaties agreenents end assurances
against the Corironwealth of tle rilirmiddotnines
The sane Sections of the ~artcul9rs in ppendil
and the ss~e Treaty ~rticles end tssurances as in
Count 7 relate to this Count
CCTTT 14
11 the Defendants between the 1st 1enuary 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 ~lenned aad prersred a
wer of aegression znd a wer in viclEtion of intershy
national law treet-ies egreeraents end assurauces
arainst the Kingdol of the ~TeterlEltnds
The following Sections cf the Particulars in
ppendix ~ 11os J 4 6 7 9 and 10 the follcwshy5 ing Treaty rticles in ppendix R Nos 1 to 5
inclusive 10 to 18 inclusive 20 22 to JO inclusivf
32 to 35 inclusive 37 a~d 38 end tte f ollovin~
sur~nces in ~-pendix C tlos 10 to 15 inclusive
relate to this Cou~t
CrTl 15
11 the Defendnts between t~e 1st January
1928 end tr e 2nc1 Se[lterber 1945 planned end
~repered a var of fression enc a wer in violeti_on
of internetional la~ treities aerreerents end
assurences agaicst the Rerublic of ~ranee
~te following Sections of the Particulors in
- 40 shy
ppeniix middot osbull 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 tre
folloving Treaty ~rticles in ipendix B Nos 1 to
5 inclusive 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to 30 inclusive
and 32 to 38 inplusive and the follobulling Assurmceio
in ppendix C os 14 and 15 relate to this Count
COTl 16
11 the Lefendants betveen tle 1st anuary
1928 and the 2nd Sentember 1945 1anned and preshy
rsrecl a war of afgression encl a buller in violation of
international lew treaties agreements and assurshy
ances apeinst tte Lingdcm of Theilend
The following Sections of the ~erticulers in
ppendix bull Nos 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 and
the followin Treaty middotrticles in middotpenCix B lJos
3 4 5 JO end 32 to 38 inclusi~~ ~elate to this
Ccunt
crHT 17
111 the Defendants between the 1st January
1928 and the 2nd September 1945 planned end rreshy
rered a wer of afgressl en and a r in viohtion of
international lav treaties i_reerents ond assurshy
ances qeinst t~ e ncn of Soviet ~ocialist
Renublics
Tre followinr Sections of the amprticulars n
bullnendix bull Nos 1 to 8 inclusive ancl the folluing
Jreety middotrtic] es Lmiddot lenclix B os 1 to 5 inclusive
10 to 18 inclusive 32 tc 35 inclisive 39 to 47
inclusive Pnd middotmiddotssurence Ho 13 in npendix C
relEte to this Count
- 41shy
CCF 18
middothe Defendents 1KI DCFIR RfSHIMOTO
I1 bullm1- bull IT bullotTI Kcrsc rJI I cKrt 11IGELITSU
TC10 and middot~rzu on qr ebout the lftth Septerber 1931
1nit1eted a wer of aggression and a warin violation
of internetionel law traaties egreeLen ts und
assurances egainst the Republic cf China
Rection 1 of the Terticulr in ppendix
ond the followinf Treety rticles in trpendix f3 ~cs 1 to 5 inclusive 11 to 14 inclusive 22 23
25 30 40 to 43 inclusive rehte to this Count
CC1t 19
The Dereridfnts CllI I lCFIRR p middotSPIClO
fTbull RIl~ll PI1CTmiddot EOSfHO IT~KI I1Y IGDO
HTqlJ TTT( SUZUKI TOJC ind UMEZU on or about
the 7th July 1937 initiated a ~er of aggression
rnd e wrr in viohtion of internc-tionel lrw tre~ties
Egreea~nts nd 2ssur2nces egtinst the Republic of
Chine
Section 2 of t~e ~rticulpoundrs in ~rpendix ~ the
same rety middotrticleuros rs in Colrnt 18 nd the folloving
tssur~nceuros in middotnnenrx C os 3 4 ~nd 5 rel-te
to this Count
err_ 20
he Defandmiddot rts DCPJ l PilTJl FrCTmiddot
FCll-fIPO ybullmiddotr I~IDlt ITIJRI lUTC ~GYO OK~
r~~ Smr siT111nr S~ZUI TC0C ~nd TC70 en or
bullbcut the 7th Dscecter 19Ll 1~itiatee ~frac12~r of
rg~r0se ion ~ rc ~- wltr in viol tlcl cf internt i_onc 1
- 42 shy
bull lew treeties middotrreenents end cssurnces grinst
the United Stltes of merice
Section 9 of the Terticulers in Pendix
the follow in~ Treatmiddot r~icles in npencix S ifos
1 to 9 inclusive~ 19 22 tQ JO inclusive )3 34 end
37 and the whole of the t~surances in 1ppendix C
relate to this Count
ccrn 21
The same Defend9nt~ es in Count 20 on or about
the 7th December 1941 initiated e var of aggression
an~ a wer in viol2tlcn of international law treatie~
agreellents en( assurances aga~nst the ~orllonvealth
cf tte Trili-pines
The sane Jart i_cbullilere Treat~middot frticles and
~ssurances 1s in Count 20 relate to this Count
CCIJT 22
The ssLe Defencl11ts as i- Coant 20 cn_ or about
tbe 7th Decelber J941 iitiated a var of aeressicn
ana a war in viol2tion of internat~unal las treatie~
agree1nents and assurances afainst tbe ritish
rcnnonwealth of Natcns
Section 9 cf tte Perticalr s in ppendix
thegt follovinf Treaty rticles in pnenciix B Nos
J to 5 inclusive 19 22 to JO ~nclusive 33 and 37
and the hole of the ~ssurences in rppendix C
relate to tr is Cobulltnt
Tte lefendsnts tlrI )CEIPmiddotq 1IPrmmiddotmiddot
- 4) shy
HIROTA HOSHINO ITICKI KIDO W TSUQKJ liUTI
NCJNO SHIClITSU end TOJO on 0r ebout the 22nd
Se~tember 19~0 initieted ewer of errression end
e ~Br in violetion of international lEw treetiFs
egreements end essurences efeinst the Re~ublio of
Frence bull
The seme Perticulers Treety Jrticles end
Ps~urences sin Count 15 relrte to this Count
CcUfilZh
The srne tefendants es In Count 2J on or Eboui
the 7th Decembfr 1941 initietec ewer of errression
and a ~Pr in violetion of internetione le~ treeties
egreements enc assurances e~einst the Kinrdom of
Theiland
Section 7 of the Particulars in A~pencix A end
the following Treety Jrticles in Appendix B Nos l
to 5 inclusive 33 34 36 37middotend 38 relete te
this Count
QOUNT 25
The Defendents ATJgtKI DOHIHJRA HJTA HihANUMA
HIROTA HOSHirO ITJCJII KIDO MATSUOKJ Mi TfUI
SHIGUITSU and SUZUKI curing July end August
1938 inititec ewer of Pffression end ewer in
violetion of internetional lautrerties egreements
enc es~urences by ettecking the Union of Soviet
Socielist Re~ublics in the eree of Lake Khasan
The serne Perticulers Trerty Articles end
Assurences es in Count 17 1 relate to this Count
- 44 shy
CCTTTlT 26
The Defendents middot-~YI )CHlli1U HT BIRcll
ITGU(I lIDC HIS lTiTTI lTSUCK 1 ~UT0 SUZUmiddotI
0GC TCJO end nnztr durin the summer cf 1939
initiated a war of sgrression and a vsr in violoticn
of international lev treeties agreements and
assurances by attacking the territory of the
J~npolian Peonlebulls Republic in the area of the
Kha1khin-Gol River
The same eirticulars Treaty rticles and
ssurcnces as in Ccunt 17 relate to this Count
C(TJT 27
11 the Defend5nts bet~een the lEth Septenber
1931 end the 2nd September 1945 waged a wer of
aggression 8nf a bullrr in viol~tion of intern~tionel
lew trecties fgreenents and assurances flfeinst the
Republic of Chine
The seme Perticulars Trety rticles snd
~ssurrnces ~sin Count 2 rel~te to this Count
C(T~T 28
11 tte Pefend~nts between the 7th July 1937
end the 2nd Setenber 1945 wared s wer of aggresshy
bullsion nc1 r ymiddotr in viol~tion of internctioncl ltw
trertilss egreerJGn ts end ssurnces rgiinst the
Re~ublic of Chine
The SfMe Perticulcrs Tre~ty rticles 8nd
ssurrnces -s in Cmiddotunt 2 relute ~o this Count
- 45 shy
CCUlT 29
ll the Defendents between the 7th DecElllber
1941 ~nd the 2nd September 1945 wnged 6 wrr of
rggression end c Mr in violation of intermtionel
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
United~tates of tmerica
The following Sections of the ~articulers in
pp end ix i1 os 4 middot to 10 inclusive and the sane
Treaty ~rticles and ~ssurences as in Count 20 relate
to this Count
COlP1 JO
Lll the Defendsnts between the 7th Decenber
1941 and the 2nd Spte~ber 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violetion of international
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
Corlllonweslth cf the ~hili~pines
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles and
1ssurances as in Count 29 relete to this Count
crrJl 31 middot
Ul the Defendrnts betveen the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd Se1Jtember 1945 waged a Viar of
apgression and a wer in violatiog of internationalbull
law treaties agreerents end assurances against
the Pritish Corinonviealth of Nations
~he followin~ Sections of the ~articulars in
Appendix J Nos 4 to 10 inclusive and the same
Treaty bullrticles end ssurances as in Count 22 relate
tc this Count
- 46 shy
CCTTJ 32
All tte Defendants between the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd September 1945 waged a 11r of
aggression and a war in violation of international
law trestles egreeuents end assurances agenst
tte Kingdom of tce lf1therlands
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles sne
rlssurances as in Count 14 relate to thisCount
CC 33
The nefendsnts tRTi 001smiddotnmiddot IRNUt
FIlCT~ FNFnH lTlYI YID0 ~TSTTCK IUTO
1GW0 SIG~I5 end TCJC en end after the 22nd
Septelber 1940 vaged a war of algressipn end a
war in vbullolltion of ~nternetional law treaties
arreenents end assurances against the Republic of
France
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles end
cssurances as in Count 15 relate to this Count
middot CCUNT 34
_11 tre Defendants between the 7tl Decemberbull
1941 and tbe 2nd September 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violttion of international
law treFties agreenents and assurances against
the lingdon of Treilend
middot Tte sene erticulers and Treaty rticles as
in Count 24 rBlete to t~is Ccunt
CCIDT 35 bull The smiddotme Defendants ss in Count 25 during th
- 47 shy
SWmer of 1938 waged a war of aggression and a war
in violation of international lew treoties agreeshy
nents an~ assurances against the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics
The same Particulars Treaty rticles end
lssurences es in Count 17 relte to this Count
CCUc 36
The seme Defendunts ss in Count 26 during the
surller of 1939 eged a Yer of aggression in violashy
middottion of intermticnfl lew treaties egreements poundmiddotnd
essurlnces egeinst the rmiddotonrolifn Peoples Republic
and the Union of Soviet Socielist Renublics
The SFMe Flrticulers Treaty lrticles end
ssurr-nces ts in Count 17 rele te to this Count
ltmCUlt TWO U1DEl
The following Counts chrrfe the crimes of
raurder enltl conspirecy to murder being ects for
wlich it is chi-reed thtt the persons nmed rnd ecch
of thim rre individully responsible being poundt the
seoe tine Crirnes cgcinst eoce Conventionil Wer
Orines ~nd Crimes poundguinst Humeni ty contnmiddotrJ to ell
the 1J-ragrrhs of rticle 5 of the s~id ChArter to
Internrtionmiddotl Lrw ~nc tc the middotaoL1estic lews of ell
the countries where cor-oi tted including Jrbullpr-n or
to one or ~ore of them
CCl 37
The Defendints DCPIF cl FTR 1JTnt FIRCT
- 48 shy
HCSFINC KAA I(ID0 lIlURA ~me tAGATC CYA
0SrA S~( iltJlADA SJZTTlG 00( end JCJC togethe
~ith divers other per~ons between the 1st iune
1940 and the 8t~ Decet1ber 1941 rarticipated es
leaders organizers insti~ators or accoLplices in
the formulation or execution of a corilon rlan or
consnirecy end are responsible for all acts pershy
formed b themselves or by any person in execution
of such plan
The object of amp4ch ~lan or conspiracy was unlewshy
full~middot to kill and murder the persons described
below by initiating unlegful hostilities against
the United States of bmerica the rorutonwealth of
the rhlippines the British Colraonwealth of Iletions
the Kingdom of the lfotherllnds nd the Kingdoa of
The llend sne unlewf111ly orcering causing end ershy
ciitqng the ermed forces o JaJen to attack the
territory ~ti-s ~nd eir1lenes of tbe said netions
er sore of tJierl et tiL1es when Japan vioulu be et yeece
vith the said cstons~
che r-erscns intenled to be lilled end rurdered
were eJl such rersons both members of the armed
forces of the seid nationsand civilians es might
te~nen to be in the places et the tues of such
attacks
The said hostilities end attacks were unlawful
bscause they ~ere breeches of Treaty Article 5 in
Anpendix B enf the accused enc the said armed forces
of Japan could not therefore acquire the rights of
lawful belligerents
The accused ~nc each of the~ intended that such
- 49 shy
hostilities stoulc be initiated in breach of such
Treaty ~rticle or were reckless vhether sucb Treaty
Article would be violoted or not
COTT JS
he Defendante DltHIFARA FIP~~1um nroT ~
V(l~I0 ~6t iITJC IlT~~ ATSUCKA fJTO r~GUO
CK~ (ltHD~ STC SHD~~DA suzrnI TOQO ond TOJO
to~ether with divers other ~ersons between t~s 1st
J1me 1940 and the 8th De~erruer 1941 partici)Jtted
as le6ders organizersmiddotinstgators or accomylices
in tle forllulrtion or executicn of o COLlJon rlan or
cons~irac~ end are resnonsibla for all acts pershy
formed by ttemselvss or by sny person in execution
cf such 1an
The object of suchJJlon or consnirecy wes unshy
lawfully to kill and murder the persons described
belov bibull initiating unlawful rostilities tgainst
the Uni tecI States of tmerico the Comronweal th middotof
the Thilip~ines theuro ~ritieh Cormonwealthof Notions
the Kingdon of the etherlcnde and tre l(ingdcm of
Thai lent end unlewftlly order inf causng and pershy
nittinc the armed forces cf Jicen tmiddoto attack the
torritor~ ships oud airlanes of the soid notions
or sone of treuroll
The middotersons intended to be killed enc murdered
were all such ~ersons both oembers of the aroed
forces of the said natons end civiliens as mifht
happen to be in the olaces at the tiues of such
attacks
The said hostilities ond attacks ware unlawful
- 50 shy
because they were breaches of Treaty Articles 6
7 19 33 34 end 36 in Appendix Bena the accused
end the said armed forces of span could not thereshy
fore acquire the rir-hts of lawful b~lligerents
The accused end each of then intended that such
hostilities should be initiated in breech of such
Treaty ~rticles or were reckless whether such Treaty
Articles or any of then would be violated or not
C0T11 9
The same Defendants es in Count 38 middotunder the
circumstances ellered in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing ceusinr end ermitting the armed forces of
Japan to attack tle territory ships and airplanes
of the United States of America with which bullnation
Jinien was then et peace at middotPearl Harbour Territory
of Hawaii on the 7th December )941 at about 0755
hours (Pearl Harbour time) unlawfully killed and
murdered Adniral Kidd and ebout 4000 other oembers
of the naval end nilitary forces of the United State
of America lnd certaii civilians vJiose nanes and
nurnber ere et present unknown
CfTmiddotT 40
Tee sane Defendants as in Count )8 under the
circur1stances elle~ed in Counts 37 and )8 by ordershy
ing causin~ end rerrnittinR the armed forces of
Japan to attack the territory end airplanes of the
British Conmomealth of Nations 1th which nations
Japan was then et reece et Iota Eahru Kelenten
on the 8th December 1941 et about 0025 hours
- 51 bull
(Singapore ti11e) unlawfully killed and murdered
certain menQers of the aroed forces of the Pritish
Commonwealth of Nations whose names end number are
at present unknown
comrr 41
The same Defendants as in Count 38 under the
circ110stances alleged in Counts )7 end J8 by ordershy
ing causing end rerr1ittini the a rfled orces middot of
la pen tc etteck the terri tor sb 1ps end airplanes
of the ritish Comnonwealth cf Nations with v1lich
nations Janen was then at peace at Rone Kong on
tte 8th Decenber 1941 at ebout 0800 tours (Hong
Kong time) unlawfully killed and murdered certain
members of the armed forces of the British Coraonshy
wealth of nations whose names end number are at
present unknown
CCTTNT 42 The same Defendants es in Count 38 under the
circumstances alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing CIJUSing end pernitting the arHed forces Of
Jepan to et tech H IS ETRiL a ship of the British
ComtonY-eelth of lpoundtio_ns with which nations Japan
wes then rt eece et Shibullnghei on the 8th December
1941 et cbcut OJOO hours (Shcnghei tine) unlawshy
fully killed r nt rurdered three members of the navel
forces of the ~ritish CoILlonweelth of Nations whose
names ere et present un1ltnovin
52 shy
crT1T 43 the som~ Dcfcndcnts os in Count 38 under the
ciroumstFnces alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing causing end rermittin~ the armed forces of
Jeren to ettecl the territory of the Corimonvmiddotealth of
the ~hilipnines vith which nation Japan was then at
peace et Deveomiddot on the 8th December 1941 et about
1000 hours (anila time) unlawfully killed and
murdered certain mElllbers of the armed forces of the
United States of America end of the armed forces end
civilians middotor the comiddotlLlomealth cf the Ihilippines
whose nomes end number ere at TJresent unltnown
CCUNT 44bull All the De1endents together with divers other
persons between the 18th S~pternber 1931 and the 2nd
Septenber 1945 ~erticipeted as leo~ers organizers
instigetors or eccollTJlices in the 1orruletion or
execution of a coJnon plan or consiiracbullmiddot end ere
resryonsible for ell Acts performedmiddot by theuselves or
by any person in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or consiracy was to
)rocure end permit tte- riurder on a wholesale scale
of prisoners of wer MEfubers of tht ermed forces of
countries opposed to Je~ Egtn vho id-ht le~ down their
erlls enc civilians who niht be in the rower of
Jepcn on land or sea in territories occuried by
Jaron end crews 01 shi s destromiddoted bmiddot Japinese
forces in ruthless ~ursuit of victory in the unlawshy
1ul wrrs in which Japan was or would during the
said period be ~1J8oged
- shy
CCGNT 45
The Defendcnts ARAKI L~S-Il-CTC FATA EIRJJlUlA
prqc-r abull IT ~GtYI Y- f A JIDo HATSUI mrrc SUZTTKI
rnd UHEZP on the 12th December 1937 rnd succeedinf
dcys by unl 0 wfully oreering ciusing nd peroitting
the rrmed forces of Jqfn to ctt~cl ~he City f
NPning in breach of th3 Trerty Articles ~ientiond
in Count 2 hereof tnd to slr-ughter the ihhabitents
contrcry to internrtioncl lcw unhbullwfully killed
rnd Murcered Many thousands of civili~ns end disermed
soldiers of the Re~ublic of Chine whose nemes nd
number 01re rt preEent unrnovm
CCTfT 46
The sme Defenccmiddotnts i s in Count 45 on the 21st
Cctobor 1938 end succecding dt1y s by unlswfully
ordering CUsing rnd rern11tting the rrr1ed forces
of Jrrcln to ittck the City of Canton in breech of
the TreAty ~rticles montioncd in Count 2 hereof ~nd
tc sbuehter the inheibi tilnt s contrrry tci interndegtiollf
lcw unlawfully killed r nd nurdered l~rge numbers
of ~ivilisns end disvrmed soldiers of the Republic
of Clini vhose nrmes r rc number cre st present
unknown
C(TJ 47
The scme Defendcnts rs in Count 45 prior to tte
27th October 1938 end on succeeding dsys by
unlawfully ordering cuusing ~nd pern~tting the
nmed forces of Jrpon to cttcct the City of Hcnkow
in breech of the Trenty ~rticles mentioned in Count 2
- 54 shy
bereof and to slaughter the inhabitants contrary to
internatioal law unlavfully killed and Murdered
lerge nllllbers of civilians end disar1ec solciers
of the Oepublic of China wtosa narces and nU1ber ere
et Tresent un1middotn9wn
C01-l 48
The Defendants EATA rrnc 1crso StTC SlIGEshy
EITSTT Ter end mrzu prior to the 18th June 1944
end on succeeding days by unlawfully orderi11euro
causine and arnitting the erled forces of Japan to
attack the City of Changsha in breach of the Treaty
Articles nentioned in Count 2 hereof and to slaughter
tle inhlbaents contrary to internaticnal law unlawshy
fully killed and murdered nany thousands of civ~lians
end di sarnec solders of tte Republic of China
whose nales and ru11tbcr ere tt resent unknown
COHFT 49
Tte S~ne Defencants as in Count 48 prior to
tte ett luiust 1914 ampnd on succecdin[ days by
unlamiddotfull order ins csusin[l end pe t tin the
eried forces of caigtan to attack the City of lengyen
in tre rrovince of H11nen in breach of the Treaty
trticles mentioned in Count 2 hereof end to slaufhter
the inhebi tents contrary to intermitioal lampv unlawshy
fully killed and nurdered large nuribHs of civilians
enc disarmed soldiers of the Republic of China whose
neMcs and nunber erE it present unknown
- 55 shy
CCTTIT 50
The seme Defendants as in Count 48 prior to
the 10th Noveirber 1944 and on succeeding days by
unlawfully orderine causing and pernitting the
arr1ed fo~ces of Japan at attack the Cities of Kweilishy
and Liuchow in the Province of Kwangsi in breach of
the Tre~ty Articles mentoned in Count 2 hereof and
to sleUfhter tte inhabitants contrary to internatiom
-law unlawfully killed end murdered large nuabers
of civilians and disarmed soldiers of the Republic
of China whose names and number are at present
unknownbull
cnTNT 51
The Defendants ARAYI DCEIHARA HATA IlAtUMA
I~G~YI IGDO 1ciso lmiddotATffiTI 14Tsrroy 1middott~C
SUZUKI TCGC TOJO and IDEZU by ordering causing
and permitting ~he armed forces of Japan to attack
the territories of Hongolia and the Fnion of Soviet
Socialist Republics with whicl nations Japan wamps
then at peace inmiddot the reeion of the Khalkbin-Gol
River in the summer of 1939 unlawfully killed and
murdered certain merobers of the armed forces of
onolia me the rrnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
wlose nElti1euroS and nunber are et present unknown
ccmiddotJNT 52
The Defendants ARAII DrHIHARA HT11 FIRANUJIA
FIRCt FCSFTHO ITAGAI-I KIDO l1ATStTCKJI l~TSUI
SEIGlI15CT lttZTJKI and TOJO lJy ordering causing
end permitting the armed forces of Japan to attack
- 56 shy
the territory of the Union of Soviet Socialist
Re1middotublics with Vhich nation Jarien was th~n at peace
( in the region of lake Lhasan in the months of July
and August 1938) unlawfully killed and murdered cershy
tain me1bers of the ermed forces of the rrnion of
Soviet Socialist Rebullmiddotublics whose names tnd number
are at present unknown
GRCPP TIIRpound ccvmiddotrrrbullmiddotn tR CRIS M-Ti CRIES N~middotST Fll1t7IT
The following Counts charge _conventional ier
ir~lles enlt Crir-es egelnst EunaniJy beins acts tor
wrich it is charged that the persons na~ed and each
of them are individually resnonsi ble in accordance
with trticle 5 and particuierly ~rticle 5 (b) end (c
of the Charter of the Interneticnal iilitery Tribune
for the Far East and in accordance with Intershy
national Law or either of them
CCU-T 53
The Defendants DCRIFRA ~Tt -(SJjUC
ITGA1I IAl lILC rc1~~ Iorso urc NtG~NO
CY~ CSHrmiddot~ S~TO SI-IGTSl) mutD STTZULI TOGC
TOJO and UlEZU together with divers other persons
between the 7th Decellber 1941 end the 2nd Se]ltember
1945 ~articipnted as leaders organizers instigashy
tors or accololices in thE formulation or executlon
of a corllon plan or conslirecr and ere res)onsi ble
for all acts perforMed by therselves or br any
rierson in execution of such plan
The object of such olari or consiracy yen1es to
order authorize and r ermit the Co 4ctanders-in-Chief
- -57 shy
ot the levaral Japanese naval and nilitary forces
in each of the several theatres of war in which Japan
was then engaged and the officials of the Japanese
Har inistr~middot and the parsons in ctarge cf each cf
the canps and labour units for prisoners of war and
civilian internees in territories of or occupied by
Ja)an and the military and civil police of iapan
and their respective subordinates frequently and
habitually to co=it the breaches of the Lawsmiddotend
Custcms of 11~ar as contained in and proved by the
Conventions assurances and ~rectices referred to in
l~rendix D against the ermed forces of the countries
hereinefter named end againet many thousands of
ori sonars of war end ci vi liens then in the rower of
Jenan belonpin~ to the Tni ted States of America the
British Colonwealth of rations the Republie of
France the Kingdom of the Netherlands the Cormonshy
wealth of the Flilipines the Republic of China
the Republic of Fortugal Bnd the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics end that the roverru1ent of Japa1
should abstain from takin adequate steps in accordshy
ance vd th the said Conventions and assurances end
Laws and custot1s of ~er in order to secure observenc
end prevent breaches thereof
In the case of tre Republic of China the said
plan or consryirecy began on the 18th September 1931
end the following Defendants participated therein in
addition to those above-named ARAI HASFHOTO
RAlll~ ~(~ lATSTJ middot~Tsnrn1 ~TlrlI
bull 58 shy
C0PNl 54
The Defendants DOFiJEAR~ H~TAHOffiINO ITAGAKI
KAYA Kif-0 YIMURA KOISC MUTO NAGANO OKA OSHIMA
SATC SFIGlITSU 1RIMADA flJZUYI TOGO TOJO and
UEZ1J between the 7th Deceober 1941 and the 2nd
Septeuber 1945 ordered authorized and permitted
the same ~ersons as oentioned in Count 53 to co=it
the offences therein mentioned end thereby violated
the laws cf War
In the case of the Republic of China the said
orders euthorities end permissions were given in a
period beginning on the 18th September 1931 and
the following Defendants were responsible fer the
same in addition to those named above A~AII
FASED0TO PIRUJTJrA FIROTA HATSI AT-UOKA
CCFNT 55
bull The Defendants DCFIB~RA HAT HOSE-INO ITAGfiKI
KrA iID0 YIHlTRP KCIS0 EUTC NAGfNC OKA Ofxllll
S~TC PIGIlITCTT Sl-DiD~ ampJZUKI TCGO TOJO and
tn~zu between the 7th December 1941 end the 2nd
September 1945 being by virtue of their respective
offices responsible for securing the observance of
the said Conventions end assurances and the Laws and
Customs of ar in respect af the armed forces in
the countries hereinafter named and in respect of
many thousands of prisoners of war end civilians then
in the power of Japan belonging to the United States
of rmerice the British Comrn0nwealth of ~fations
tte Republic of France the Kingdom of tle Nethershy
- ~9 shy
lends the Cormonwealth or the hilippines the
Republic or China the Republic of Portugel end the
Union or Soviet socialist Republics deliberotely
rnd recklessly disregorded their legal duty to1toke
rdequete stops to secure the observonce end prevent
brerohes thereof rnd thereby violcted the lows of
wrr
In the case or the Republic of China tha said
offence begFn on the 18th September 1931 and the
following Defendi-nts were responsible for the same
in addition to those nemed above JRtKI FtSHICTO
FRJPlr HROT- ~~-ToTI HTltTOK~ INJI middot
11herefore this Indictment is lodged with tte
middot Tribun~l poundnd tJie chcrges herein mrde agllinst the
ebove-nomsd Defendants ere hareby presented to the
Tribunal
Joseph B Keenan bull Chief of Counsel acting on behalf of-the
United Strtes of merico
Hsiang Che-Chun
~s sooiete Counsel acting on bah lf or the Republic of China
I s Comyns Cirr
ssocilte Coulsel eoting on behclf of the United fingdom of Greet Brtt11in Pnd Northe
Irelond
S bull Golunsky
ssoc1rte Coubullsel ncmiddott1ng on beholf of the Union of Soviet SoerCl1st Re1)ubl1cs
6Q shy
A J 1nsfeldshy
middotmiddotfsocirte Counel rctine on beh0lf of the Comrionwc~lth or ustrelie
II G folen
r ssociete Counsel t cting on behelf of C(mida
Robert bullneto
ssociate Counsel acting on behelf of the Reublic of ~ranee
W G F BoegerhOff ~ulder
ssocirte Counsel rcting on beholf of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
R H quillhm
Jssocitte Counsel Pcting on behrlf of New Zerlrnd
pbullpGovinds lenon ~ s Comyns Carr
ssociete Counsel ccting on behlf of Indi e
edro Lopez
tssociate Counsel actinF on behelf of the Col1Dlonwerlth of the Philippines
- 61 shy
APPENDIX J
SUirlllarized Particulars sho~in the principal Matters
and Events upon which the Prosecution will rely in
support of the several Counts of the Indictment in
Groun Cne
SECTION 1 1
ILIT1 AGGRESSIN HT lANCHURIA
From January lst 1928 onwards there was a plot
in the Japanese Arm~middot and particularly in the lwantun
Army s~nrorted by certain civilians tomiddotcreete an
incident in 1anchuria which should form a pretext
forIepen to conquer occupy and exploit that Country
as the first ste~ in a scheme of eominetion which
later extended to other parts of Chine to the terr1-
tory of the Union of Soviet Socialast Republics
end ultnately to a wider field aiming to make Japer
a dondnent power in the World
The major events in the execution of it were
About 18th September 1931 Following a long
period of infiltration end consequent friction
Je]lenese troons blew ur a portion of the South
anchurien leilwey falsely accused Chinese troops
cf doing so attacked thet end thereafter pro~resshy
sively end repidlr carried out a Ililitery occupation
of the Chinese provinces of Liaoning Kirin Heilungshy
kieng end Jehol (the north-eastern provinces)
About )rd January 1932 Japanese forces occushy
pied Chnctow in sri te of e ssurance given by their
~oreigh Office to the United States on 24th November
1931 that they would notdo so
- 62 shy
Beginning about 18th Jeruary 19Ji Japanese
nevsl and later military forces attacksd the
Chinese in Shanghai
About 28th to 29tb January 19)2 Jaosnese
bonbed Cbsps1 middotat 1215 am
~b0ut 1st Febtusry 1932 Jeysnese viarships
shelled l1smlng middot
Jurin 1932 Jspen set up a separate puppet
novernrient in the said ~rcvinces enc on 15th Ssptsmshy
b~r 1932 officially recognized it
The 1BSn~ss Government which cals into power
on 13th December 1931 and ell subsequent Japanese
Governments adopted supported and continued thismiddot
sggre_ssion end its grsdusl extension over ether pamprtE
of Chins
Jsren delivered no declsrstion of 1ar against
Chine nade no effort to settle the alleged dispute
by pacific means or by mediation or arbitration
rejected on 5th February 1932 an offer of mediatio
by the United States Greet Britain enc ~ranee
refused to Gdopt the repcrt ampnd recommendations cf
the Lytton Commission apTJointed by the League of
Nations of which Jspen end Ctins were members ormiddot
the resolutions of the League and on 27th ]~rch
1933 reslgned froll the League
Cn 18tr ADril 1934 Jersn announced her absoshy bull lute opposition to sny foreign interference in Chins
other than her cwn
On 1st lerch 1934 Jspsn caused Henry Ju Yi to
be in~tslled es the norinal ruler of the so-celled
Stats of JisncbuJuo Nevertheless large Japanese
- 63 shy
crmies continued down to the 2nd September 1945 to
be mdntcined in these t0rritories using th1am s t
bmiddotse for further rggression ~nd to control together
with J_-p~ nse civi lifn offici ~ls the whole Governshy
ment industry nd finrnce thereof
SECTINT 2
1ILITAR GG1ESSINT IN lW REST 0F C-INA
Jor nesc rggressiCn geinst Chin entered r new
phc oe on July 7th- 1937 when her r_rmy invdod Clinc
south of the Grot r11 [nd htr goverruient ndoptcd
supported lt nd continued the rggresslon 111 subshy
sequent J~~~ncse Governments did the scme
Subsequent mbull_ jor events in this ph~middotse wore
-~bout 19th to 25th septembar 1937 Jrpmiddotnese
forces bombed r~cnking rnd Cc nton r nd deli bcrc te ly
killed lmiddot rge numbers of civilLns
- About 13th December 1937 J-p nese forces
c~Dtured fnking slruhtcred mcny thousnds of
civilimiddotns na committed other outr~ges
During 1940 J~prn Sbt up r- soprrto puppet
Governrotnt in those vrts of Chinbull (other thrn the
four north-o stern privinces _ bove-mcntioned) which
sh- then occuied clriming to be the Nbulltion l
Government of the Reuublic of Chinr middot-nd middotbout
0th November 1940 offic1~ lly rccognizod it bullbull rgbullin J~pmiddotn delivered no dcclrrction of wbullr on
Chinr m~de no rttcmptmiddottc settle the lleged dispute
by pbullcific mcns or by medi~tion or ~rbitr tion
refueed on 25th September 1937 to prticipte in
the Frr Erstern fdvisory Cotllllittee of the Lccgue of
Nr- tions rltcfused on 27th October middotnd og-in on 12th
Novzmbor 1937 to ~tt~nd the Conferenceheld t
Brussels of trG other signmiddottories to the Nine-Power
Trerty of 6th Febru~ry 1922 or to qiscuss its
rppliomiddottion refused on 22nd September 1938 to sit
with the Lemiddotguc of H tions to medirte her disrute
with Chin middotnd on 4th Povcmber 1938 decl red thst
the scid Nin~-Fower Trety WS obsolete
Jrpmiddotn continued her militbullry ~ggression in
Chim by cmiddot pturinz rnong other cities Frnkow on
the 27th October 193~ Ch ngshr on the 18th June
1944 Hsn~y-ng on tre 8th tugust Kweilin on the
10th IovmiddotJbcr nd liqchow on the 11th November of
the Sle yemiddotmiddotr r-nd deliber tcly killed lcrg~ numbers
of civ1li 0 ns bull nd committGd othor outrbullges in erch of
the cities ~fori-mmtioned
SECTION 3 ECPT(IC 1 0GRESSJQ-T I CIW lTl) GRlltTFR imiddotsr middotsrmiddotbull
During the period covered by this Indictment
~pmiddotn est~blished ~ gbncrrl superiority of rights
in f-vour of her own ntionmiddotls which effectivamply
eremiddot ted 111onopolics in comrercimiddotl industril middotmiddotnd
finmiddot ncil enterprisas first in lmiddot nchurimiddotmiddot nd 1 ter
in other prts of Chinmiddotmiddot whch c aa under her dominshy
rtion nd exploitad those rcgioiis not only for the
Gnr fobmen t of JmiddotmiddotO n nd those of her nction ls pmiddotrshy
ticimiddot ting in thosG entsrnrises but s -rt of
scheme to 1leken the resist nee of Chiflr to exclude
other -middot tions middot nd n middotticnmiddotls nd to provide funds
nd munitions for further I ggression
li5 shy
This plmiddotn middots w~s the intention of soll~ rt le st
or its oripintors both on its economic rnd militry
side err dumiddot 11 cc me to embrce siuilmiddotr designs on
the remmiddotinder or ~-st si~ middotnd CCOPnio
LntGr it WS officibulllly exprnded into the
Gretcr E st middotsi- Co-Prosperity Sehemc ( a title
designed to cover up ~- scheme for completeJpmiddot nese
dominrtion of those -rcmiddots) -nd Jbullmiddotpmiddotn declmiddotred thrt
tris wbullmiddots tho ultimrte rurpose of the militcry
ocinpr ign
The sbullme org nizltions rs re mentioned in
Section 4 hereof were used for the ~bove purposes
SECTION 4
lrTHCDS CF CCRRTrTI(W tD C0RCINT Tmiddot CFH middotrm OTHltR OCClI~D T~RRITORI~s
Durin the whole period covered by this
Indictment succossive Jrpnese Governments through
their llilitmiddotry 11d nvrl commmiddotnders ~nd civilLn
(gents in Chinmiddot nd other territories which they
hmiddot d occupied or dt3signed to occupy pursued (l systemshy
r tic policy of wemiddotmiddotl-ening the nmiddottive inh-bitmiddotnts will
to re~ist by ~trocities middotnd cruelties by force nd
thre~ts of force by bribery nd corruption by
intrigue r mongst loo~ l poll ticirns nd generr ls by
directly bullnd indirectly eneourmiddotging inerebullsed proshy
duction middot nd importmiddotbulltion of opium nd other nmiddotrcotios
-nd by promoting the Sle nd consumption of such
drugs middotmong such peole middot The Jrpr- nose Govlt1rnment
secretly provided l 0 rge sums of noney which togotht
with bullrofits rroll thegovernment-sponsored tr~rrie
- 66
in opillll end other narcotics and othermiddot trading
ectivitiea in such areas frac12ere used by agents of the
Jananese government for all the above-mentioned
~urposes ~t the seme time the Japanese Government
was actively participating in the rroceedings of the
League of retions Co=ittee on Traffic in Opium and
other Dangerous Drugs and desrite her secret
activities above-mentioned professed to the frac12orld
to be co-operating fullj _with other meL1ber nations
in the enforcement of treaties governing traffi~ in
opiwi end other narcotics to which she was a party
This participation in end sponsorship of illicit
traffic in narcotics was effected through a number
of Japanese goverruiental organizations such as the
lenchurian Affairs Board the Chine Affairs Board
end the Southern Region Affairs Soard which were
combined in 1942 to form the Greeter East Asia
inistry and num-arous subsidiary organizations end
tradin~ companies in the various occunied end soshy
eelled independent (puppet) countries which were
ope~ated or su~ervised by senior officers or civilshy
ienjaProintees of the Army fnd the Navy
Further reve1Ue trom the above-mint ioned
traffic in opium end other narcotics was used to
finance the ~reparation for end waging of the wars
of aggression set forth in this Indictment and to
establish end finance the nuppet ~overnments set up
ly the Japanese overnmeht in the various occuried
territories
- 67 shy
SECTION 5
G-0YRL tgt- ~R TIt Fr1 middotR
Vtith a view to future wars of aggression and in
order to prevent other nations frolll interference in
her war cf aggression alre9dy in prog~ess against
China ~a~9n frorn 1st January 1932 onwards strength
ened her nsvel military nroductive End finenci9l
preperetions for war In particular but without
li~iting th0 above alle~ations
(e) t~VH
bout 29th December 1934 she denounc
ed the 1ashington lkvtl Treaty efter an
unsuccessful attenpt to persuade the other
Signatories to agree to a common upper
limit of global nrvsl tonnage for her own
obvious cdvvntege
bout 23rd J~ne 1936 she refused to
adhere to the London Nevel Treaty
On or about 12th February 1938 she
refused to reveal her nlbullVel building pl1cns
on request by the United St9tes Britein
~nd France
t rll times she secretly increased
her nev~l strength
middott Ell times end especiolly throughout
1941 she Made secret n~vrl plans for the
eurprise attacks which ultimetely toek
place on December 7th-8th 1941 on Pearl
Harbour Sngepore Hong Kong 11aye end
Sh~nghei Od for similer attacks on other
plscemiddots in the Pccific tnd Indien Ccens end
- 68 shy
and on the territocy of the Union or soviet
Socialist Republicsmiddot
(b) MILITARY
Japan continuall7 and progressivel7
increased the size of her arm7 not onl7 as
required for her war of ag~ression against
China but to a larger extent for the purshy
pose of other wars of aggression On the
6th April ~9amp9 she passed a general
Mobilization Law and tmreafter put it
into effect
(c) NAVAL AND MILITARY
Japan cont lnual 17 and progress i vel7
fortified th islands for which she held a
mandate from the League of Nations
Treat7 Articles violated 15 17
18 31
(d) PRODUCTIVE
Japan continuall7 ard progressivel7
increased her capacit7 tor the production
of munitions or war both on her Oiln tershy
ritor7 and in terrltories occupied or conshy
trolled b7 her to an extent greater than
was required for her war of aggression
against China for the purpose of other
wars of aggression
(e) FINANCIAL
The finance for all the above-mentioned
purposes was provided pa rtl7 through the
Budget b7 taxation partl7 by loans ani
partly from the profits of the exploit~ttons
bull - 69 shy
as described in Section 3 herect and
particular y of the sae of narcotics as
described in Section 4 hereof
SECTION 6
THE ORGANIZATIOll OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FlgtR WAR
Two provisions incorporated by ordinance or
custom in the Japanese constitution gave to the milishy
tarists the opportunity of gaining control over the
Governments which they seized during the period
covered by this Indictment
The first was that not only had ttw Chiefs of
Staff and other leaders of the Army ani Navy direct
access at all times to the Emperor but they had
the right to appoint am withdraw the War and Navy
Ministers 1n any Government Either of them could
thus prevent a Government from being formed or
bring about its fall after it was termed In Kay
1936 this power was further increased by a regulashy
tion that the Army and Navy Jlinisters must be senicr
Officers on the active 11st EG the fall of the
Yonai Government on 21st quly 1940 and of the Third
Konoye Government on the 16th October 1941 were in
fact brought about by the Army 1n each case they
were succeeded by Governments more subservient to
the wishes of the Army
Thbull seconi was that although the Diet had the
right to reject a Budget this did not give them
control because 1n that case thbull Budget of the
preceding year remained in force
- 70 shy
middotDurlnr thls middotperiod suchtree Porlie~cntary
lnstutiti~ns es preVi)USly existedwere rttdUnlly
stamped )Ut and a system simllti to the Fascist or
Nazi mooel introducedbullbullThis took derinite shllpe
with the f)rm~tion n 12th October 1940 of the
I11per1al_ Rule Asslsttnce AS9cintion am later or
the I11perlal Rule Assist~nco Political Society
Durlnr thi~ p~ri~ 0 virorus compain r inciteshy
ment to expansion was carried
on in themiddoteorlier
part t the period middotby individual writers end speakers
but rrnduolly this ceme to be orfanized by Government
artnc1es which elso stamped out tree speech tnd
writing by opponents ~r this policy A large number
t sctetics some secret wasalso rormed_both 1n
the Army end Nevy and amonr civilians with similar
objects Opposition to this policy wes also crushed by assassinations ~r lecding politicians who were
n)t considered surrtcicntly friendly to it ond by
rear end threats of middotsuch nssassinatioos The civil and especially the military poiice were else used to
suppress oppositi-m to the wnr policy
The educnti)nal systeos civil military and
nnval were used to ln~ulcate e spirit or totnlishy
t~rienis~ crgrcssion~ desire tor war cruelty and
hatred r ptential e~emies
Successive Japanese_ Governments from early 1n
1936 onwards cultlvcted close relati)ns with the
- 71 shy
totlitr-ri n iovers 1n Luro1gtc Germny rnd Itrly
which hrrboured simil~r designs in relrition to thmiddot
rest middotor the world to those of J~pn in relrtion tomiddot
--~st middotstmiddotmiddot ~nd the Indirnmiddot rrtd Tltc1t1o Ocerns bull
On ToveJ11ber 25th 1936 middotthey signed tli ntishy
Comitermiddotn Pc otmiddot--~ith r middot~e~ret middotJmiddototo~oi nd r Aecret
ilitry Trt1ty directed osmiddott~n~1t1 cgdnst tho U~i6n of Soviot cod11~t ~epubHca i-nci ccimmunis111
~ but ( oturlly designed ~ lso a ( prelude to joint
~gressivc rotion ~n rcnerr 1
v~rious countries under th domin--tion of middotxis middot - ~ -~ bullbull
Powers including the lUppot govrnments of Jnnshy middot1middot bull shy
chukuo _~nd th~ Nr nking Regime in Chinr wer~ degdmi ttlt
to the ~nti7Comintcrn lot
middotuust 1939 extensivE-negotitons werecondilctampd
between J~n r-erm~_ny_~nd Itr-ly rorthe estbullblishbull
ment ofmiddotn econoru9 politiccl bullnd militbullry cllince
On 26th urust 1939 Jmiddot prri throufh her rubrs~
a~dor in 1fshineton ssured middotthe United Stf tea of
Jllericr tht she hbull d decided to b~ndon ny further
negotirtions with middotrerlilny nd Itrlymiddot relctive to
closer rel(tions under the middot nti-Cornintern Jgtbullct bull
rrefoti- tions between Jmiddotpn nd middotGerm ny for the
esteblistmGnt of middotmiddotn econonic politicmiddot l ~nd milikry
pound111nce were resumed in July 1940
Between 13th middot_ugmicrost nd 22nd September 1940
rfterthe rmistice in June 1940 between Germrny
rntl the middotut~oritylimiddotter to be knownFs ths Vichy
1rovernmerit of Fr~ nee subservient to Germ~middotny nd
bullfter the occupction by Germmiddotny of 1( rge prrt of
- 72 shy
frr nee Japan inciuced and_ coerc~d the general gover
ment of Frenchmiddot Ineo-China to enter intomiddot agreements
with herfor mUitary end econ~mic concessions inmiddot
that country and especially the northern parttliere-
of On 22nd-September 1940notwithlltanding agree
ments aigned onthe samedey Ja-enesetroops
attacked French Inda-Chinese uni ts and were met thmiddot
strong re$lstance
en 27th Se)tember 194Q Japan signed the Trishy
Partite Jact vith Germny and ltaly middot
In theearly pert of 1941 Jepentaking advantshy
age or a bounclary dispute raised by heiland against
French Indo-China purported to ect es mediator or
erbitrator_therein butactually brdughtebout a
settlement unduly fevoureble to Thailand middotwith amiddotview
toobtaining heraidin or submission to future
aegression end atthe serre time madefurthermiddotdemands
for military and econonic concessions in French middot
lndo-China bull~be said settlements were finally conshy
cluded on 6th-9th imiddotay 1941
Collllencinlmiddot in the middotletter nertmiddot of February 1941middot
Jel)en and Ger111any conducted negotiations on the
subjept of oint Elli tary ction against middotlgtLgapore
and the territor~ of ot)ler Nations_
On 1st July 1941 German Italy and ell middot middot
Governments subservient to- them inother European
countries at the request of Jepan recognized the
so-called National Government of middotthe Republic ofbull ~
China
On the 12th July 1940 a Friendship Treaty bullmiddotas
signed between Jepan and Thailand
- 7J shy
7romJay to July 1941 Japan further induced
end coerced the general ~overnment or French Indoshy
China to allow Jananese troops to land establish
naval and air baaas end ~enerelly obtain control
over qouthern lrench Indo-China The main purose
on this occasion wee toprovide bases for aggression
directly against the Pritish Common-vealth or lTetions
end the Dutch est Indios and indirectly against
the United States of merica The said agreements
were finally concluded on July 21st and 29th 1941
on which date Japanese forces landed at Saigon
established navel and air bases end generally took
control ofFrench Inda-Chine
Throughout the ebove~mentioned dealings with
Freech Indo-Chine Je~en used the help or Germany and
Italy by coercion upon the Vichy Government cs well
es direct threats or ill6gel force to ettein her
ends
By way o reaction to this aggression and threat
tf furtheraggression the United States of merica
on July 25th end Great Britoin on July 26th froze
the assets ofJapan and Chinemiddotunder their control
rnd opplied other eoon01110 middotpressure agdnst Jcpan
On 25th Tovembermiddot 1941 Jsp1n renewed thlt ~ntishy
Oollintaln rgtect with secret clausesmiddot
Cn ormiddotobout tho let DecGL1ber~ 1941 Jopen
invokillP the Tri-ortite Poet requested Germany nd
Itcly to declare War on the United States after the
beginning of hostilities end tht1t a No middotseperilte
Peace Treety be entered into
On 5th December 1941 Jep4iressured the United
- 74 shy
Stetos ot merico thrt troop movements in French
I_ndo-China were Drecautionery masures
On December 7th-8th 1941 Jspen mPdesurprise
rttecks on territories ot the United States ot
merica the British_ Commonwuelth ot Nctions l1nd
Thdlond usin~ in tbe two latter coses French Indtgtshy
Chinr~ br ee s
Cn the 11th Deceiibcr 1941 Jc pen_ Germiiny rnd
Itrl signed to opbullrbull to Totce rr ct
On 18th Jiinurry 1942 middotc rili ter1 Convention
botween Jbullmiddotn~n cermrny bull_middotnd Itrly wrs signed in Berlin
From 19)6 to 1945 close milittr ncvtl econshy
omic nd diplomc tic co-oper~ tion rmiddotnd oxch nge ot
intormrtion were maintcfned between the r bove three
oountriea t the request ot ~ermnn Jpon trom
the b~ginning ot the wr on December 7th-8th 1941
rdoptcd the Germn polic~ ot r~thless submrrina
Wtrt~re middotnd the destruction or crevs or ships sunk
or o-ptured
By the thre~tenins middotrttitude bullhich Jrprmiddotn mdnshy
tc ined tro111 19)9 to 1941 grinst the Uni_ted Stmiddottoa
or bulliaeriobull the British Cocimonwe~lth otNtions
the Kingdom ot the letherlrnds no the Rerublic ot
Frnce middotnd trommiddot1939 to 1945 (g~inst the Union ot
Soviet Seel~ list Republics 1d by her incru- sing
oonccntrtion ot tr~o~s in regions oonv~nient tor
middotrttrcks Ul)on them she dirtctly bullmiddotssisted Germmiddotny
nd Itnly in their middotw- rs tginst those n tions even
while she rem~inpoundd nominrlly neutrrl
- 75 shy
SECTION 8bull
jGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION-
In the course of many years Japan was continushy
ally preparing war a11d performing11cts of aggressionmiddot
against the Soviet Unhn
bull bull1bull Having faHed ~ he-middot attempt Jo capturemiddot the
Soviet Far East in the period between 19181922 bull
Japan did n~t apan1on the idlao~capturingthe
Soviet areas situated east of theLake-Seykalmiddot
SincltJ 1928 the Japanese GereaJ Steff hld been
planning a war of egfressim against the Union of
Sbullviet ~ocial1~t Republics eager to take advantage
of a chance to start this waz bull
An importrt step ii- th1preparetion nfa war ~
of aggression arainst the Union of Soviet Sochlist1
Republics was t~El ocltupation_of lanchur1a~ 1931 _bull
which a~ we_l~ as KGrea was transformed into a mili 1
tary base for a1tacking the Unio~ or icvi_et SociRlist
Republics in a numbPr of years Railroads and_ highshy
ways vere constructe~ in anchuria after l93~ of
stratPgic importancmiddote and ran towards the frontier of
the Union of Soviet Sociali~~ Rep1bl1cs The -bull
strength of the Kwantung Army ha~ been jncreased middot ~~~ bull bull~ middot _~ J_~j -- --~
from twa divisions in 1931 to fifteen in l94~ bull ~ ~) 1 - ~
A great number of new airfields fort1f1e~ gt middotmiddotmiddot_- ~~middot~
areas dumps barracks sea and river ports destined bullbull bull ~middot bull i ~ middot t lt bull - bullbull bull bull bull
to serve in the war of aggression against the Unicn bull bull bull J bullbullbull - bull bull bull bull bull - ~
of Soviet Social~st Republics were built
In ~anchuria the war industry develop~d at a
fast rate Areas adjacent to the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics frontier were being colonized
- 6 shy
by Japanesereservists with the purpose of strengthshy
middotening the Kwantung lrmyat the moment of mobilizashy
tion Propaganda in the press b radio etc r
directed against the Soviet Union was carried on
111tenselr middotOn Lanchurian-territormiddot Japan organized
and supportedmiddot on a large middotscale ehments from lussian
emigrants hostile to theSoviet Union and prepared
them for hostilemiddotects againstthe Union ofSoviet
Socialist 1epublicsJapan systematically organized
armed middotolasheson the frontierand organized acts of
sabotafe-end terrortstmiddotacts onthe Chinese Eastern
Railroad
InJ9J2 Jaian twice rejected the proposal of
the Union ot Soviet Socialist Republics to conclude
a non-aggression pact
in 1938 Jlpan without declaring war attacked middot
th~ territory of the seviet Union at the Lake hassan
In 19)9 Japan again witheut declaration of war
at tacked the terli tory of themiddot ~middotongolian Peoplemiddot s middot
RepubUc en ally of the rrnion of Sovietmiddot Socialistmiddot
Republics at the Halkin-Gol Rlver (Naoanhan) and
engaged the ongolian Peole s Republic armybull and bull
its allied Red Ar11y bull In both cases Japan pursued the
aim of reconnoitrine themiddot strength of the Rad Jrmy bymiddot
battle and capturing strategic positions for future
war against the trnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
Having been repulsed twice and having sufferedheavy
losses Jmiddotmiddotpan nevertheless did notmiddot stop the preparashy
tiors fora sur~rise attac~ ~gainst the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics
hile Preparinl for the war against the Soviet
- 77 shy
Union Japan during several years carried on
negotiations with Hitlerite Germany end Fascist Itel
on a j~int aggression The principal stages in
this plot or aggressors were the conclusion of the
so-called Anti-Comintern Pact in 1936 and the sirnillf
of the Tri-Partite Pact or Japan Germany and Italy
in 1940 the aim or which was joint aggressive actio1
of these countries against democratic powers among
them the Vnion ~rsvviet $ocielist Republics
In ~rch 1941 while being in Berlin ror the
purpose of plotting with Hitler about e joint aggres
siort against democratic countries thedefendant
~tsuoka was informed by the German _goverllGlent about
preparations by the latter for war against the Uni~n
or Soviet Sociellst Republics s early as t_he
beginnlng or July following e conclusion of the
pact or neutrality on behalf of Japan on 13th April
1941 after the treacherous attack or Germany
egainst the Union or 9oviet socialist Ra~ublics
1atsuoka officially declared to the soviet Ambusedor
in Tokyo that the principal bas1s of the Japanese
foreign policy was the alliance with Germany and
that in case Germany addressed Japan with a request_
for tielp the J)ict middot of neutralty withmiddot the Utiioa ot
Soviet Socialist Republics would not present an
obstacle for Jepen to wege war on the side or
Germ~ny In accordance withthis the governing
militarist clique in lapen in the bullholecourse of
the buller betYlteen Germony end the Union of Soviet
Socialist_Re~ublics wes openly hostile towrrds the
~oviet Unionmiddot maintained a selecte3 arriy on the
- 78 shy
Soviet rront1ers end wes an orgrnizer or a widespreed
prorgrnda aea111st tho Soviet TTnion Jopan octively
helped ~itlariteGermeny providing her with
intormatiqn regording the un~n or Soviet S~c1clist
Republics orgonized pirote ettscks on Soviet merchtnt
shiplling in_ the Far Etat by closing straits estbullmiddotbshy
lishing prohibited zones tnd speciol limited wetershy
weys
To render help to GerlIEny J~ptbulln after Germsnyts
ettack egcinst the Union or Soviet Socielist
Republics in the S111111ler or 1941 doubled the strength
of her E1rmy in rnchuria nnd leter on brought the
strength of this irmy to r million men which necesshy
sitated mrintdning considerrble forces in the Fmiddotr
Eest by the Sevit Union inste~d of using them in the
wrr ig~inet Germnny
In the s0 me summer or 1941 Jfpfn v10rked out e
new Tll~n of surprise rttrck egeinst the Union of
Roviet Socialist 1epublics ~nd kept the Kwentung
Army fully prepred torsuch en cttock She w~s preshy
vented from it not by the poet or neutrality which
i s 1t llll Y be sampen from bove Jeuroptn diregrrded but
b)middotthe successes or the forces or the nnion of Soviet
Socirlist Republics in the w~r fgoinst Germany
SECTIC1 9
JATAfp lFlt TTlTITED S~TES CF fERJCbull TH cr1bullQ1TELTH OF TFE II IPrnns TI ft+ BltITISif cc MOELTH OF rJ TIONS
The whole of the other Sectiols or this ppendix
iro relevrmiddotnt to this Section rnd ere not ropectad
here
bull 79 shy
I
From 1931 until Lecember 1941 relctlons betwee1
Jopn middoton the ona Jr nd rnd the United Stotes of mer le
rnd Gret Brltcln on the other continuously detershy
lorotcd bacruse of Jrrr~s ~g~esslon in E~st ~sir
rnd duplicity in lnternrtionil neeotictlonsmiddot
The TTnlted Stotes of 11erioo rnd 8remiddott Britin
frecuently prctested thct J~prn s militory opehtions
were~ violtion of the provisions of the trecties
mentioned in Count middot2 hereof nd celled the ettentlon
of beth Chine md J~prn to their obligctmiddotions thereshy
under They ~1so declcred thct they would not recogshy
nize ~ny situmiddottion in ianchurlc or elsewhere brought
obout by violrtions thereof
J~pi-n in unequivoc-l tertlS grve rssurrnces thst
she h~d no territori~l mbitions in ChinL thrt she
would respect the open door policy in Chino In
spite of these c siiurbull noes she set up r -puppet
regie in lnchukuo nd proceeded to close the doer
to the TTni ted st tes of middotnericl End British tr11de
ffter tlte consolidrtipn of the linchurin posishy
tion Jln continued her ggressive policy in Est
sir in spite of ossurrncqs tht she hcd no terrishy
toriel ~mbitlons eouth of the Gret frll
The tnited 5tltes uid Grebullt Britdn 1ndervoured
to convince Jp n th~middott her bast interests lY in
perce but it wr-s cler from her Ctions tht she
intended to resort to force to gla neighbouring
countries end territories
During 1935 Jmiddotp-n incrasad hEr mllitrry nd
llfvrl strength middotnd undertook limited militrry
ctivities to extnd her damintion over Chimmiddot The
- 80 shy
United States of America and Great ~ritain continued
to draw Japans attention to her treaty obUgations
but this had no effect on her military activities
In 1936 the United States of America endeavourshy
ed to get Japan to agree to the principle of eauality
in commercial and industrial sp~eres and not to
resort to force to obtain preferential rights This
was also rejected by Japan
In 1937 Japan declared that the principles of
international relationship propounded by the United
States of America were consistent with her own but
qualified this by stating that the objectives could
only be obtained by an understanding of ~he particushy
lar circumstances of the East In 1937 Japan comshy
Ienced further military aggression in China and soon
thereafter the United States of America l)ffered her
good offices in the dispute and appealed to both
parties to refrain from war This ofter wes not
accepted by Japan and the appeal had no effect In
the same year Japan refused an invitation to attend
the Brussels Conference called under the provisions
of the Nine-Power Treaty On August 26th 1937
Japanese forces attacked cars belonging to the
British Embassy in China and on December 12th
attacked warships belonging to the United States of
AMerica and Great Britain on the Yangtze
At the end of 1938 Japan procl~ined her policy
of a new order in 3ast Asia end refused to ~ive any
unconditio~al assurance that the open dnor policy
in China would be maintained
Thereafter many interferences by Japan in
- 81 shy
Jtprnoso controlled territories with the rights or
the United States or ~Aeries end British netonels
took place end in July 1939 the United States or
America gave notice or terminetion or the 1911
commercial Treaty ~it~ Jeen
In September +940 after Japans military
alliance vi th Germany and Italy the United State
ot lmerica was forcedmiddotto place limitations on the
export of iron steel and raY materials to Japan
In arch 1941 conversations between the
Japanese ambassador in - eshington end the United
States Secretary or State took ~lace in an endeavour
bl the ~Tnited States to se~tle outstanding differshy
ences ano to reach a peaceful settlement ihile
these vrere proceeding Jepen continued at e feverish
pace to prepare for war At an Imp~rial Conference
on 2nd July the decision to advance southward
obviously directed against the United States of
America the Kingdom of the Netherlands end the
British CoAmonweelth was reached At a further
Conference on 6th Se~tecber it was decided to open
hostilities against the llited States of America
Great Britain end the letherlends in case the requireshy
ments ot Japan seemed unlikely to be realized by
B901B time clurinf tbe first part cf October On 1st
December a further Conference definitely decided on
war The decisions of the two lest-mentioned Confer-middot
encee were kept secret Cn 7th-8th December 1941
while negotiaticns were still proceeding Japan med~
surprise attacks on territories of the United amptetee
of Anerica et earl arbour of the British Commonshy
- 82 shy
weelth of Nations at Singapore elaya Hong Kong
and Sh~nrhai of the Commonwealth of the Philippines
and of Thailand She delivered no declaration of
war andmiddot to the ritish Commonvealth o~ Tations or
to the Conmonwealth of the ~hilippines no document
ot any kind To the United States of America she
delivered after the etteck a document which did
not end was not intended to cmount to a decleretion
of war
Stie entirslmiddot disregarded all the other Treaty
obligations r-ferred to in Counts 7 and 8 hereof
SOCTJCH 10
Tbe Netherlands ~ast Indies and tnemiddotPortugese
~ortion of the Islend of Ti111or were within the erea
coveted b Japm and described by her tis the Greeter
East ~sie Co-ProsNrity Sphere
In addition to thf general treaties binding
Jepan not to atteck these areas Treaty rticles Nos
20 and 21 refer respectively to these naticns in
terms Ja)en also rod a treat with the Hetrerlands
repardirP the ~est Indies which she denounced on the
12th June 1940 in preparation fer aggression
agai~st them At that time tre hom~land of the
Nethorlends had been recently and treacherously
()Ver-run by JrpaQ s ally Ger111eny end the Dutch
GoverrJJ1ent hbull d been corrpollcd to seek refuge in
ngland Thereefter Je_J n endeavoured to compel thrt
Government to agree toe new treaty on terms unduly
- SJ shy
fovcurable to Japcn but they wore unwilling to do
se The prcperet1ons of Jepcn fore general cggresshy
s1ve wcr in the Fer East included en intention to
invede the c~herlonds tost Indies The occupation
by Jbullpbullmiddotn or French Indo-Ch lna complete in July
1941 end the attecks upon territories of the United
States of tmcricc end tho British Commonwealth of
~rftions on the 7th-8th December 1941 were till prrt
of t plen which ircludcd t n inve sion of the Nethershy
lends r~st Indies This wes spcc1ficclly one of tho
d~cisions of the Jcponeso Imperial Conference of the
6th Se~tember 1941 Consequently the Natherlonds
Government irm~d1ately nfter the lest mentioned
cttacks declrred war on Jepen in self-defence
On tho 11th Janucry 1942 Jepcn invaded and
therefter repidly occupied the retherlcnds East
Indies
On 19th February 1942 Jepcn without ~ny
pretence of right or of eny quarrel vi th the itepublic
of Portugcl invRded ~ortugese Timor end occupiGd
it for the purpose of crrrying on her cggreseive
wcr egeinst ell the ~llied n~tions bull
ll4 shy
APPENDIX B
List of ~rticles of Trenties violated by JrponClld incorporcted in Groups One rndTwe
The Convention tor the Frcific Settlement of Intershy
nc-tion1l Dielutes sigmmiddotd t The Hegue 29 July 1899
The srid Convention wis signed nd r~tifiod
by or on behflf of J-n(n Cnd each of the ~ritions
middot britlf ing thf ct rrgcs in thfs Ind1 ctmltrnt subject to
oGrtotn rcscrvrt1ons not here motoriol
1 Article I
With P view to obvhting rs fr s possiblt-
recourse to force in tho rel~tions between Stctes
the Signrtory Powers rgree to uso their best efforts
to ensure th6 pecific settlcment of internitioncl
differences
2 Article II
In cesemiddotor serious disrgreemant or conflict
before tn bullmiddotppctgt 1 to rrciv middottlle Signr tory Yowers t gree
to middothrve reccurse rs fr rs circwnstbullnoes nllow to
the good offices or medi tion of enc or more friendly0
owers
The Convention tor the ~~eifio Settlement or Intershy
n~tionrl Usputes signed rt the Erguo 18 Ootobor
The sdd Convention ws signea nd rrtitied by
or on behrlf of Jrpmiddotn ~nd ec-ch of the nrtions bringshy
ing the Chfrges in this Indictment with the exception
or the United Kingdom rnd the Union of lgtoviet
Socirlist Republics a-ubject to eertcin reservtions
not here 112tcrimiddotl
bull 85 bull
trtiole 1
With c view to obvirting ~a for ~s possible
recourse to force in the relrtionsmiddotbetw~on Stntes
the Contr~oting ~owers rgree to use their best
offorts to ensure the pr oifio settlemcnt of lntarshy
nrtionrl differences
i rticle 2
In cnse of serious discgreenpoundnt pr dispute
beforc ~n ebulll to ~rms the Contrreting ewers
ogree to hi)ve recourse rs fer cs eiroumstnnoes
rllow to the good 01fioes or medirtionmiddot of one or
nore friendly nowers~
The Hegue Convrntioi lJo III Relmiddottive to the opening
of ~ostilities 1 signsd 18 October 1907
The sold Convention wns signed rnd rrtified by
or on bGhrlf of Jcprn rnd eoch of the notions bringshy
ing tho ohrrgo in this Indictment
rticle I
The Contrrctlng rowers recognize the t host11shy
1tie~ between thrimselvesmiddotmust not co=enoe without
previous Pnd ~xpl1cit ~rrn_ing in the form cltheuror cf
re~ soned declrrtio_n of w~ r middot or of en ultim tllll
with oondition~lmiddotdeolrrrt1cri of wtr
ierr~runt effected by cxohrngo of notes between the
nnitod st~tes bullnd Jrprn 1 signed JO November 1908 1
dGolnrine their policy in the F(lr 0rst
6 2 The Polley of both Governments unlnrlucncshy
ed by rny ~ggreee1ve tendencies ls Olrectod tomiddottho
ll~~JlAC~ ot th( cx1 stDe 41t-tus quo in tho region
f bove-mntloned nd to the defence cf fhe- J)rfao1Jlle
of ()quol opportunity for ciimmercend industry_in
bull 86 shy
Chino
7 3 They ere cccordingly firmly resolved
reciprocmiddotlly to respect the territoriel posssssions
belongint tc ec ch other in said r1agion
8 4 Thy rre clsc deterllined to preserve the
con11on interest or Fell Joyers in Chine by supporting
b~middot l )Citic nens bullt thsir dispos11 the independshy
ence fDd integri ty or Chin End the prinCiJ)l6 or
equel opportunity for cocrerce rn~ incustry or rll
nbullmiddottions in thrt Lipire
9 5 Srould ~ny event occur threrteningmiddotthe
st~tus ouo rs ~-hove described ormiddot the principle or eou~l o~~ortunit~ cs rbove derinedit reragtins for
the two iovernmcnts to coanunicr te with each otbcr
in order to rrrive ~t rn underst~nding es to whet
L1ersures thty mry consider it useful to tcke
The Convention ~nd ~inrl rotocol ror the Suppressio
of the buse cf rpillil nd other DruRs 1 si~ned et
The rbue 23 Jnurry 1912 rnd 9 July 1913
10 Tht sid Convention wrs signed nd rrtified by
middot or on bchr lf of Jrp n r nd ech of the n tions br~shy
ing the chmiddotrees in this Indictnent
Tt c Tremiddotmiddottv of Jefce between tha -bulllliod rnd bullssocimiddotte
Powers rnd GErmlt1ny I signed t Versmiddotillee 1 28 June
1919 known ~-s th Versilles TreEtY
Ii rticle 10 of the Coven nt of tho Legue of
Nmiddottions
The bullclbers of th Lagu undertbullmiddotke to rGspect
middotr-nd preserve bulls middotgrinst extern-1 -ggression the
tcrritoril inteigtrity middot nd existirw polltic-1 indeshy
Tendencs of ~ 11 Jbers of the ler gue In ctse of
any such aggraeaion or in case of any threat or
danger ot such aggression the Council shall advise
upon the Jlleen~ by which this oblitation shall be
tultill6d
12 ~rticle 12 ot the Covenant of the League ot
Pat ions
The lenbers ot the League agree that 11 there
should arise bateen them any fis~ute likely to lead
to a rupture they will subLlit themiddotmatter either to
arbitration or to enquirf by the Council end they
agree in no case to resort to war until three t10nths
after tte ewerd ~Y the arbitrators or themiddotreport by
the Council
l) ert1cle 13 of the Covenent ot the leepue ot
Netione
Tbe embers ot the League aeree that whenever
any ~ls~ute ehall arise between them which they
recognize to be suitable tor suboission to
arbitration end which cannot be satisfactorily settled by diplomacy they will subnt the whole
subject n1Stter to arbitration
Disputes es to the interpretation ot s tresty
as to any euestion or internati~nel law es to the
existence ot any tact which it established would
constitute a ))reach of any international obligation
or es to the extent end nature of the reparation to
be oede tor any such ireech ere declared to be
among those which ere generally suitable tor subshy
111~ ssion to erbitretion
For the consideration of any such clis ute the
eourt of arbitration to which-the case is referred
- 88 shy
~hall be the court erreed on by_ the rarties ~o the
disrute or stiuletec n any convention existing
middot between then
The middotemters or tlle League erree that they will
carry out in fuil ood taith eny av1ard thut iray be
rendered tnlI t~et ther will not resort tower I
against a ember of the league which COll)lies thereshy
with In the event of any failure to carry out such
award the Council shell rropose hhet steps should
middotbe taken to rive effect thereto
14 rtcle 15 of t~e Ccvrnrnt of tte leeeue of
Naticns
If there stould criss betveen embGrs of the
League any ciisgtute lHelJmiddot to lead toe rupture
which is not submitted to arbitration in accordance
with ~rticle lJ the elbers of the league agree
tJiat tJie will tutt the rntter to tte council
Any rortr to the lllsutc 11ey effect igtuch subuislicn
by Pivin~ notice of the existence of the dis~ute to
the ~ecretery-ener11l who hill reke ell nccesslry
arrange bullents for a full investiration and considershy
ation ttereof
ror this ~urncse the nerties to the disnute will
cc~middotaunicete tc the Secretary-Glmiddotnerel es rrolptly as
noeeible stetebullbullnte of their cesa ~1th all the
rtlGvent facts enc papers nd the Council ra foLth- middot
bull1th dir~ct the publicetion thereof
Tte Councl lF 11 nc1eivour _to effect a settleshy
ment of the diE-uts and if such Gfforts fre succoisshy
ful e statGmont ehll t1 ntgtdlt ublic giviie such
ftcts rd elJlanlt l onE rcr[)rdinc tlc disuto igtnd the
- 89 shy
tmiddoteramp1s or settlement therampcr s ttdeg Council EJ deem
s~~rorriete
Jr the dis~utc is not tt-us settled ~he louncil
either un~ninously er by G Ecjority vote shell mcbullEl
c-nd rublish e rellort contllinin tmiddot stcter-ampnt cf thamp
fects of tlo dis~utE bullnd the recorncndticns which
Pr~ deemed just rnd nroner in rcvrd thereto
Any middotmbcr of the Llt-egue rmiddotprcscntd on ths I
Council m~y P-~kc ~ublic e stcte~cnt or tho frets of
the disutc End of its conclusions rcgrding ths
s_fie
If rerort bmiddot the Colllcil is uncnifilously rgrscd
to by the lllbcrs ttereof ether thln the tcprampsampnteshy
tives of on_ er -ore ot ttmiddot rtics to the dispute
the Cecbers ot middot the Lru( bullerco thit they will not
go tc wpound-r Fi tl bullny i~rty to the disrutc which corshy
plics with the rccomntnd tions of tbr rport
If th~ Council r~ ils to re~cr reort which is
unr nirlously greed to b tt~ llCrtLtors thereof o thcr
ttn ttc llrescntitivcs or one or ore of the
p rtics tcgt tt disute t1 l-scbrs cf the Lc~guc
rltscrvc to thelIS-lves th rieht to tki sue bullcti_on
rs tlcy shrmiddotll _consi~cr nccess~ry for the llmiddotiritnbull ncG
of right cncI justice
-r ttn dis~utc bctwccn the irti s is clriracd
by one of thu1 ne is found by the Council to rist
out of ~ a-ttr Nhich by intcrntionJl l~w is solrily
within th~ doJiestic jurisdiction oi th~t pmiddotrty th
Council Eh 11 so rlcrt nd shJ l u- kC no recoshy
P--nd-tion -S to its- settlcnent
r Council JI ~middot ii ny c-- sc undar this
- cc- shy
rticle refer the dispute tc he Assenbly T~e
dlspite shall be sc rcierre1 at t1e recniest of
elt--er party to t1e dis)ute provided that su~h a
reouest be 1iade within fourteen days after the sushy
miss icn cf tie dispvte to the Council
In any case referredmiddot to the Assembl7 all te
provisions cf t1is middotrticle cnd cf Article 12 relat-
ing to the action a-d povPgts cf the Cciuntil scwll
apply -to the action and povrers of the Asser1bly proshy
vided that a report ade by the Assembly if con-
curred in middotbmiddotr the Representatives of those --embers
of t1e Leale re pres ted on the Counc 11 and of a
1ajorit of the othrr middotembers of t1e eaeue c~shy
~lus ive in each case of Representatives of the
parties to the tisputc shall have the saLe force as
a report by the Cou1~il concurrPd in by all the
fieiS thereof othEr than the Rerescntatives of
one or more of the ltJrties tc the disp1te 11
15 Article 22 oft~~ Coven~ntmiddot cf the League of
1-ations
Other peoples especially those of Central
Africa are at such o staJe that the ~ndatory must
be resgtons ible for the aduiis trat ion of the terri tor
urner contitions which wi l ruarantee freec)om cf
ccnscence nnd rel1 middotior SJb Je~t cnly to the ma1ntenshy
cnce cf pc1llJic order end ncrals the prohl1Jitin
of abses sue as t1-middot slave tracc tllc arns tra~ tc
an the-liuor rotfic and the prevent1gtn of the
establishment of fortifications or mllitnry am
na7al bases and of mil1tar trpoundinin of thL natives
for ither than police purposes and the defence of
territor and u1ll aisc secure ebulluai opportunities
- 1 shy
~ tht trrde net oonmcrc ot othr iombcrs ot the
Le~gu- Tter1 ~re tarritories such a South-Jcst
trio~ nd 011rtmiddotin or tho South Jrc1r1c Isl~ nds
hioh owilltl to the ep-rsoncss or their populmiddot tion
or their sror 11 size or their rcr10toness from the
centr6s er c1v1Uz-t1on or their googr-phiol oonshy
t1~middot11ty to the territory or t)s Lmiddotndmiddott_ory bullnd other
oircumstrmiddotnoos or n be best rmiddotdm1n1 starrd under the
l~ws ot th G l-nd tory s 1ntq_trbull l nort1ons or 1ts
territory subject to the s togur rds -_bovo-ncntionod
in the interests or the indigenous popul tion
16 bullrtiole 2J (c) of th~ Covcn nt of the Lemiddotguo of
rrtons
SubjGdegct to nd in ~ ccord nee vith bull the provisions
ot intern ticn middotmiddot l conventions existing or heremiddot ttcr
to bo middot eroed U1on th middotmlicrs ot the lergue bullbullbullbullbull
( o) will entrust tho le guc with thebull gonor l
supervision over the execution of middotgrccmnts v11 th
regmiddot rd to tt e tr trio in WOll3n middot nltJ children middot nd ths
trrric in oiun middotncl othilr d~nFcrcus drugs
Tht l-ndrt- frol tt Lemiddot rue of ~Tbullt5ons pursubullmiddotnt to
t1c Vcrsmiddot 111-s Trcbulltz irde bullt Gcnor 17 kccnbcr 19n
17 bullrticlc )
The lbullnd-tory shll see th t the slmiddotve trmiddotde
is prohibited bullnd th t no forccd lbullbour is porll1tttd
axcopt for esscntimiddotl ublic works ~nd sorvicos ~nd
then onlr formiddot dequ tc romunormiddottion
18 rticli 4 The 1111litc-ry tr ining cf the n t1veuros othtrvise
thmiddotn for ~urpseuros or int~rnbulll ~olioc middotnd the loc 1
- 92 bull middot
detonco ot th t1arritory sh 11 be prohibited
Furthermore no mllitbullry or rmiddotvmiddot l bsos shmiddotll bo
ostblished or tortitiotions orec~cd in the
territory
Tremiddotty botv1ecn th( British Ccllllonmiddot olth middotor n t10middot1s 1
Trnce 1 Jbullmiddotp n nrgt thlt Unitod Str-tcs or llmiddotmiddotric
middot relmiddot tin to thclr Insulr possessions nd middot~nsulmiddotr
pominions n the P-middot oiflc Ccebulln 1 lJ December 1921
The H rGmiddotti W s middotsiend ne rr tlfi1d by the
~ifn tory olcre
19 middotrticlc I
Th Hi~t Contrmiddot ctlne middotrtits grce is bltlt106n
thsmsolves to rcs)oct thdr r_ifhts in rel tion to
their insulr roescssions middotnt ineul r dorunions in
the middotregion o~ the 7 citic Dcemiddotmiddotn
It then should develop betwein ny of the High
Contrbull ctinr ~rtics bull controvCrs rising out or ny
- cific question middot nc involving their srmiddotid rights
thiih ii not smiddot tisf ctorily settled by diploti cy nd
is likely to bulltfect tho he raonlous middotmiddot ccord now hmiddotmiddotppily
subsistinc between ttcm they sholl invite the othir
Hh Contr~ctinr ---rtibulls to joini Contorcnco io
middot vHct tl~ hcl subjlot will be refrrcd tor conshy
sidermiddot tion nit middotdiu~tmnt
Identic Corrunicmiddot ticn ri-do to tb lfothrlmiddotnds Govzrnshy
ment on 4 Fzbrumiddotmiddotrmiddot 1922 on b~hmiddot 11 of thbull- ~middotritish i
Cornnonwe-lth of nmiddotmiddottions middot nd lso mutbulltis mut ndis
on behmiddot lt cf Jmiddotr-n nlt thamp othr --~~era signmiddot tory
to th -~umiddotdrunlr cific Tremiddot ty ot 13 Decltaber 1921
stmiddotmiddottes thbullt shy 20 Ths N1gtthcrbnds not bain sifO tory to tt smiddot fd
- 9~ shy
Tre middotty middotmiddotnci t_h~ Ncthrl nds possession in the region
ot-thc P~riific Ccern thErcforc not being includ~d
in the bullgrccmcnt ref~rred to His Britnnic t~J~stys
Govarnmrnt nxious to for0 stmiddot ll ny conclusion conshy
trmiddot ry to ths sirit of the Trcbullty desires to dGcl~rlt
thnt it is firml~middot r0solvcd to respect tho rights of
the Ncthcrlbullnds in rslmiddottion to ctr insulmiddotmiddotr posscdshy
sions in the region of the Pmiddotcific 0cc n
Idcntic Communic tien 11dE to the ortugucsG Govurnshy
mcnt on 6 Fcbrumiddotri 1922 on behlf of tho British
on b~hmiddot lf of Jbull T n nc th othn owers slpn tory to
the ~u-ar~lE Tclf4 c Tr0middotmiddottbullmiddot cf 13 Decu1ber 1921
stmiddottes th t shy
2~ ~ho ortuguesE not beinp signmiddottory to the s id
-Trebullty nd the ~ortusucsc ~ossess~ons in the region
of the ~~cific Ccc1n therefore not being included
in tte middotgreencnt rsLrrd to E Brlthnic middot jcity s
Government nxioupound to forEJst11 ny conclusion
ccntrbullry tc th fririt of the Trcmiddot t) desires to
acclmiddot re th middotj it is firrillmiddot rosolvcd to respect thfgt
rights of nortugmiddot 1 in rel tion to hor insubr posshy
sessions in th~ i-rion of th TLcific Ccern
Ttc rebull ty bftweon the TTnitcd Stmiddot tcs of lcricr the
Pritish Comcnvomiddotlth oftmiddotmiddot t0ns tlgiuM Chin-
Yrrnc~ Itbullly JmiddotTmiddotn the N~thcrlmiddotnas nd Portupmiddotl
concludedmiddot~~ ~igns~ t middotmiddot~shin~ton 6 P~brumiddot ~y 1922
~c 2middotmiddotid retmiddot wf siv1d middotnd rrtifLd b~middot or on
lmiddot lf cf TbullO-n middot ni middot ct 01 th~ n ticr5 brireine thlt- bull
ctmiddotrPt~ in ttls I~dictntnt ~Ith t~L czc~ption of th~
- 91 shy
Union middotof Sovi~t Sooiel1et Re1ubllcs middot
Article I
Themiddot Contractin~ rowers other than China
eereebull
22 bull ( l) Tu reseot middotthe sovereifnty the independshy
ence end the territorill adilinhtrstive integrity
ot China
2J ( 2) To )rovide ihe tullest and nost unem-
berraesed oportunity toCh1na tc develop end mainshy
tain tor herself en etteotive end stable Government
24 ( J) To use their middotinfluence tor the purpose ot
effectually establiehinv end oainteininq theprinshy
ciple of equal or~ortunity for the ooJllilerce and
industry_ of ell noticns throll eurohout tte territory of
China
25 (4) To refrain fron tekinf advantage ot conshy
di ti~ms in China in ormiddotder to see special rights_ or
privilegeft wh)ch wculd ampbridge the rights ot subjects
omiddotr _cl tizens of friendly States Eind- fror1 countenancshy
ing action in~ical to the security ot such States 9middot
Article II
26 The Contractin- ewers agree not to enter into_
any tre~ty eereeoent arraneementor understanding
either with one another middotor ndivltually _or collecshy
tively with any pwer or Tmiddotowers llmiddothicb wouid
infring~ or impair the p~inoiples stated in middotArticle Ir Article III
ntri th a view tomiddot eJl]lmiddotin~ more ettectuelly the
principles -Of th (lpen JJvOr or equality Of OJgt)Ortun-
ity in Chine for tte trade and incustry of all
nstions thP Contracmiddotting rovere other ~hen Chna
- 95
e~ee that they 111111 not seek nor sup~_t thelr
tesnective ne~ fone ls in seeUnr shy
27bull (a) middot Any errenfenent which rmiddotdrht -urrort to
establish in favour of their interests any general
suueriori ty of riftts 1th respect to comraerdal or
economic development in any desi_neted reeion of
China
28 ( b) Any suet oonoooly or preference as would
denri ve the m ti one ls of ani other --ower of the rieht
of undertaking any legitimate trade or industry in
China or o participitinif 1th the Chinese Governshy
ment or with any local e uthority in any category
or -public enteririse or which by reason of its
scope duration or geora~hical extent is celcushy
lated to frustrate the rrecticel ep-llcation cf the
principle of eual opportunity
It is understood tl~t te foreeoilf stipulationf
of this Article are not to be so construed amps to
Tgtrohibit the acquisition of such 1ronerties or
ri~h_ts as me~ be necessary to the conduct of a parshy
ticular cornrercial middotindustrial er financial undershy
takin or to the encourapoundeLent of invention end
research
Cbira undertakes to be gdcled by the rinciples
stated in tte foregon- stir-uletions of this ~middotticle
in dealinr wit-0 er-rlicetions for emiddotcononic rights end
privileges frc1 timiddot rcverll1ents end naticnals of t11
foreien countries whethEr partiEs t~ tha present
Article IV
29 The Cortr~ct~~ ~cr~~s BfrEe not to ~up~Qrt
eny agreements by their respective nationals with
each other designed to create Spheres of Influence
or to rovide for the enjojment of mutually exolusiv
opportunities in des1gnsted parts of Chinese terri shy
tory
Art1cldege VII
JO The Contrectin) ewers agree that vhenevr a
siturtion arise) hich in the opinion of any one or
thcu involves the cpplicit1on or the stipulations
of the present Treaty middottnd renders desirable disshy
cuSsion or suoh Epplioction thermiddot6 shall be full
snd frark oo6riuriio tion between themiddot Contrc oting
Powera co1oerned
Treaty hpoundtwe3n ttc United Stetes and JEllP-n signed
t middotmiddotrshinrton 11 Februry 1922
The arid Trecty wa3 sirned rnd ratiffod by
the 8fnstory rcbullmiddotrs
~rticle II 1
Jl The United StEtes end lts nmiddot tionals shall
receive ell the benefits or the cngagcuents of Jepar
defined in ~rticles J 4 ondmiddot 5 of the Eforesaid
lsndete notwithstmdin the fect that the United
Strtes is not e mcmuer of the Ls6gue of thbulltions
Ccnvsnt1on signLd ~t Gcnevr 19 February 1925
J2 Th sdd Convention wcs s1encd nd rtified by
or on bchnlf of Jbullmiddotpt n nd B[O~ of the nyt1ons bringshy
ing th1o chrmiddotregtcs in this Indictrrnnt with tho excepshy
tion of the Union of Soviet Soci~list R~1ublics
(bin i-ol middotthe TrJtsd StrtoF or raric bull
- 97 shy
~nericomiddot tbs Prssldent of the Gerrpoundmiddotn Reich Fls
Jejcsty the Yinp cf the Bleiens 1 the resi1font of
the Frrnch R=~ubl1c 1 Fis te 1esty the inmiddot of Grnegtt
~itPin 1 IrclFnd end the British Loninlons beyond the
SeM I Irm6ror of India His la jsty the r1n9 of
Itely 1 His Llt-jcsty theuro Ecurror of J~f)en the resishy
dent cf the ctqublic of PolPnd Lnd the Prcsident of
the Czochoslov=k Reuronublic 1 ccnclueed Lnd signed ct
Jrris 27 middotw-ust 1928 1 knorn ~s thE IbllOg-)ri1nd
Peet nd ~~ the ~rct of Pmiddot ris
The srid rebull ty YlS signed Pnd r-tified by the
1iill tcry obullsrs
lrtick I
JJ Thi lifh Contrcctng ~1rties 1101Emn~y deelcre
in the nr~es of their res~ctive peoplesJh~t they
condecn recoursemiddot to 1-middotr for the solution of intcr shy
nctionrmiddotl ccctrovcrsies ~ne renounce it cs en
instrllJlCnt of n tic _-1 policy in tbcir rlr tions
with -ons inctber
Article II
J4 The Rieb Contr(ctin~ Prties ogree th t th
settlement or solution of i11 disrutes or conflicts
of ~-hitevtr n tur or of hotevcr origin tbey ruy
sought except by pbullcific M~middotns
Dccl~r ticn of Irrpcrirl p~ncsb GovcrI11lcnt 1 27 June
1929 1 ccnccrning -~rticle I of the Kelloge-Pribull nd
Peet of 27 August 192
Th Impcrlr 1 lcv rnnnt dccL re thi t ttc
rhr soolog in tts nmiddotlltS of tt(ir respective
p01ks Pf-middotrin 1 rticlc J cf tt rrmiddot ty frr
- 98 shy
the Renuncif tion cf _ r sirncd rt rrie on 27
urust 1928 vicved in the light of th~ provisions
or the Impcribulll Constitution is understood to be
inrppliCbmiddot in so fmiddotr s Jrprn is concernecl
llG Convmiddot ntion rclbullmiddott~n~middot to l~rcotic Drugs shncd
rt Gcncv~ lJ July 1931
35 The srid Convention wbullssign~d -nd rrtifiad by
or on bchmiddot lf of Jcpn with r rcscrv tion s recorded
in th protmiddotocol cf sirn ture nc c ch of th n tions
brinfing the chrrecs _in this Indictiicnt with tro
cxcetion of the Union of SoviEt ~ocilist RG~ublics
Chinbull trc Cor-monwe ltr of tustr lir rnd Ncw ZDlrnd
Trc ty btveurocn Thilmiddotnd middotnd Jp nmiddot conccrnin~ the
continumiddot nc of frimiddot~ndly rJlmiddottions middot nc tho nutu 1
riscct cf emiddottlh others tcrritoribulll iptcgrity 1
Si1ned middot t Tokyo 12 June 1940
lhc sbull id Tre tr wmiddot s s~_gnec nd rmiddot tified by
the Sign tory rovcrs
trticlG I
3l nThE Fifh ContrbullcCinf Forties s~~ll nutu~lly
resnct ~-ch others territoribulll intqrity middotnd
hcrebmiddot rcrfflru the constrmiddotnt 1cce nd the ierpetuil
fricndship existin between them
Convention rcsnctin~ t~c ~irhts bullnd Duties of
reutr1 ewers ~nd creons in 1fmiddot_r on Vmiddotnd signed
~t Tho Hbull2uJ 18 OctcbLr 1~07
37- rtJcle I
Th trrltory of mutr l ~-mcs is inviolmiddotmiddottl
JR _rtiole II
- 99 shy
rcross the tG~tor of ~ ntiutrl ow1r
Treo-ty of Jortsraoutl- b6twEen Russfr -nd Jpcn
signod 5 Sertc~bampr 1905 which esttblished
Art1cl6 II (p(rbullerr-~h 3) 39 It is bulllso ~greod thmiddot t in crder to rvoid middotlJ
c~ usa of iiisunderstmiddot nc-ing the two F1gt Contrrct1ne
-rt1es wi11 -bstdn ontl6 Russo-Iorcin frontier
from tr11nv r-ny nillt ry morsur6s which moy mEnccamp
tte security of Russ1middot n or ~orern territory
bullrt1cle It (Pmiddotrts l bullnd 2) Ja~an ana Russia mutua~ly e~~age
40 ( l) To evmiddot cu te COll)lGt ely nd simultr neously
tmiddotbull nchlirilt1 eJCcpt thbullj territory rffected by the lcse
of the li~otun2 zcninsuln in conformity with the
provisions of middotcdition l lrticle I~ nnexod to
Trc ty bullmiddotnd
41 () To rcstors cntirtolt middot nd COl]lttoll to th
oxclusive dninamptr tion ofChin_ 11 rortions of
irnchuri nov in th~ occuo tion or under middottho coritrol
of the lqmiddotnGse or Rurs1middot1 troops Nitl th exception
of the trr1 tor bull b0vbull rn nt londl
rticlc IV
obstruct ny gcncr-middot1 nrsures cnmiddotmiddotmiddotJori to rmiddotll C0 1Lttr1es
vhicb Chin~ rnmiddoty t middot~ tor th lcvlorwnt t)f thv
coriflcrcs rid incustr~middot of gt nchu1middot1bull
I) middotmiddotn middotnJ -usbull ngmiddotp tbull xlbit thdr
- 1ot shy
44 J middotn nd Russi uutumiddotmiddotlly grec-not to conshy
struct in their rcsnectivu possessions on th~
Islrnd of Srghbulllicn or the middotdJ cent isl-nds ny
fortificmiddottione or other similmiddotmiddotr militrl works
They middotmiddotlso rrspectivcly cngg not to t l1 ~ny milishy
tr ry ncsures hch MY impede the free nmiddot vigmiddottion
cf the Strmiddot its o 1middot re rouse bull nd T rt ry
h onventfon on Elbodying P~sc hulcs of tho
Rclmiddotmiddottions bctweenmiddotJrbulln nlt= the Union cf Soviet
ltocilist Rr~ublics 1 srn~d 20 J nur 1925 in
rkine
This Conv0nticn wmiddots signed middotnd rmiddottificd by the
Ciflnmiddotmiddot tory rovcrs
rticle V
45 bull Tho High 0ontrbullmiddotcting ~ rtis soleMnl ffirm
thcr desire middotnd intention to liv~ in rbull~cc middotnd
bullmiddotMitr ri ti emiddot ch ottr scrupulcJsly to rspcct th1
undoubted rieht of Stmiddottc to order its oyn life
1dthin ts own jurisdiction in its own w~y to
rf frmiddot in - ncl rcstrr in bull 11 erson in middot ny govornshy
mentrmiddot l service for th-11 nd 11 or~niz7ticns n
rocir-t of middot O findegncirl rssiitmiddot rc~ fron them frou
middot~ny middot ct ovrt or covrt limiddotmiddotbl fr II) w~y whtcver
to enc1middot n1er the order middot nlt securitr n i n1 rmiddot rt of
thc tcrritoris cf T n n th nlol 1f ltcvivt
Socimiddotljst ~rublios
rt l f11rt~-1r middot ~rcrt1 tmiddot~ t n thtr ontrmiddotct~nq
r-~rty ~~ middot11 rsrr-middotmiddot bull_ t~1 middotr=f( n 1i tr - t-rrltorlis
undr bullts juri stl ctJ vi -- ( middotmiddot ) of c--n izmiddot t~c-re er
irouS pr-tn1ln~ tmiddot bi~ th CTOVcIlll1-lt iCr ~ny r- t
of ttf t~rritorier Gf tb~ ether ~rt~ or b) cf
- 101 shy
alien subjects or citizens who may be found to be
_actually carryinr on political activities for such
organizations or -bullro ups
The Neutrality act t)etween the TTn~on of Soviet
rlccialist Reublics and Tapan siuned 13 April 1941
This ~ect was sirned end ratified~~ the
Signatory rowers bull
~rti cle I
46 Both Contrecti 1g Iarties engage to naintain
peaceful end friendly relations between themselves
and mutually respect the territorhl integrity end
inviolabilit of the other Contracting Party
Article II
47 If one of the Contrectlng Parties becomes the
object of militar action on the part of one or
several other overs the cther Contracting Farty
will r~intaln neutrality during the whole ~ericd of
the conf 11 ct
- 102 shy
list of Lfficiel bullssuronces Violated by JIc1-~nd lncororeted Li Group One
25thmiddot Se~tember 1931 ~het JalBn rad no
territoriel desiens in renchuriamp
2 25th middotcvember 1931 That there was no truth
in the report of a Japanese edvancemiddoton Chinchow
J 22nd December 1931 Thet Chinese sovereignty
would be accented ~no that tre opei c-oor rolicy
would be nsntEned
4 5th Jenu~ r 1 1933 That Jaan hsd no territshy
oriel ellbitons s~ut~ cf Jhe Greet Well in vina
5 25th n~ril 1 1934 middotThat Jepan had no intention
vhatever of seeUn~ leciel privileuroPes in Cbinr of
encrcechire UOn the territorial snd administr11tive
integrit v of Chine or oI creating difficulties for
the bona fide trr-de of other countries middot1th Chne
6 15th uibullust 1 1937 That Janen harboured no
territorial designs on China enrl would middotsprre no
efforts in sefeuardin foreltn interest end r1hts
in Cina
7- Seterber 1937 That Jsren had peecetul
intentionB EJnn e lECY of -territorial designs in
Torth Chins
8 17th Fe_bruery 1 1939 That lfjpaa hid nc
terrl torlel designs in China nc that the occul)bt icI
ietrndnn uetl lU~-her_reP(bullristons_ th Geimiddot=ny 6ld
Itsl~ r~JttiYa t~ ~1 ser r~li-timiddot)ne wlticr tht i11tishy
- middot103 shy
10 l5th April 1940 ~hct Je~sn desired status
quo of the I-etherlands ~est Indies
11 16th ~ey 1940 That Japan had no rIEns nor
pur])ose tomiddot attack the Nettmiddoterlends East Indies
12 24th lerch 1 1941 Thft under no circumst6nces
vculd Jaoen ettacr the United States of 1oerica
Greet Dritein or th etherlancls est lndits
lJ 8th July 1941 That Ja~n rac not so fer
consfderec1 the middot~ossibili t~ of 1ifhtnf the Union
of Soviet Socialist Reublics
14 10th Tulv 1941 Thft Japen cont~plated no
cction rgoinst French lndo-Chne
15 5th middot~cerber 1941 Tht troop riovernnts in
French cndo-Cldna were precauticner1 meltlsUres bull
104 shy
AlPtmrx n
Incor~oreted in Group Three
The Laws and Customs of 1middotar ere established
pertly by tre ~rectice of civilized netions end
pertly by Conventions snd rseurances which are
either directly bindinn upon the parties thereto or
evidence of the established ~nG recognized rules
The Conventions end issurences hereinigtfter rentioned
in eny Prt of this ppendix will be relied upon es
s middothole for both iurposes only the nost leterial ~rticles being nuoted herein
1 The Convention o 4 d_one at The FFgue on the
18th October 1907 concerning the Laws and Customs
of igtr on Lend provides ( inter elie) as follolls
middotcccrding tc the views of the high Gonshy
trectinr- irties thes ~rovisio1s the drafting
of which hes been insrired by the desire to
diminish the evils of war so far ts military
requireoents perflit ere intended to serve JS
a gener~l rule of conduct for the bellirerents
in tteir reletions with the inhnbitants
It hes not 10VEVtir been found rossible
et present to concert stiulctions covering ~11
th circumst~nces lict er~e in rrctlce
Cn the other h~ne tts Eigh Contrecting
irtls clmiddotrly de not intcrd tlJ~t unforeseen
cses stculd in Gefult of written qre(llent
be left to the rtitrar) Cinion of milit~ry
- 105 shy
conms nders
r~ntil o nore ccmrilete c0deuro of th6 laws of
-tar clt-n be drmiddotwn up the Hieh Contr~cting
rrties dee~ it expedient to declPre thbullt in
c~ses not covered by the rules bulldopted by then
the inh~ bi t~nts ltncl the belligerents remr in
under the protGction ~nd governunco of the
princi~les of the lw of nr tions derived from
the us~~es ~stbullblished rmon~ civilized peoples
fron th1 1~ws of humnity middot-middotnd frou the diet~ t6~
of the public consci~nco
The RoguLtions sit out in the nn6x to the sric
Convntion 1tich for~s Tirt tler6of der 1 in
Section I witt Belliger6nts rnd risoncrs of middotcrrr in
qection II witt ao~tiliti(s ~na in Section III with
ilitrry middotuthority over the Territory of the Hostile
Stbullte
middotrticle 4 thereof in Section I provides (intsr
[li~) ~s follows
~r isoners of middotmiddotmiddot-r middotre in thEgt ower oI the
hostile Governmaat but not of th~ indivi6u~ls
or corps wlo cmiddot rture theuron middotbull
Convention lo 10 dcJ~ bull t th sr-r~ time nd
)lce concerns 1middotmiddotritime middotr
The _smiddot id Ccnvntions Yere signed bull nd rmiddottified
by er on ceb~lf cf over fcrt nmiddotmiddot tions including
bJ n middot na ebullmiddotcJ- o tho n~tions bringing t_he ch~rges
in this Indictment Eubject to C6rtrin rescrvtions
- 116 shy
not ere Rteri~l nd ttcus bec~ma rrt or evidence
cf the I~ws bull nd ~uetcms of middotmiddotmiddotr
2 Tho rore eonnlc te code of the I -ws of rr conshy
tenpl td by ttc s id Convention is contdncd iu
relmiddottion tc ~risoners of ~r in tho Inter~ tionl
Convention relmiddot ti ve to thc Trebull traent of risonors
of middotmiddotr done bullmiddott r-cnev on th6 27tli July 1929
(hertinrfter cbullllod the Genev Convention~)
lthoulI pmiddot n did not rbull tify thamp s id Convenshy
tion it bocmiddotne bindinr upon her for one or more of
the folobulling recsons
() It ws sipned on tho srid dmiddotte by or on
beh~lf of forty-seven n tions including
J middotmiddot n middot nu ch of the n tions bri~ging
the cr-rres in this Indlctmnt -nd
rrtified bJ over fdrty n~tions -nd thus
becmiddotmc nrrt or evitiLnce of the Lr~s -nd
Customs of r
( b) corm1uniclttion d ted tho 29th J~nur ry
1942 silned by 10GC Shigunori one of
the bullccused middot s For~ign l~nister on boh~lf
of Jp n ~ddresscd to the swiss inister
in Tokyo contr-incd the following stbulltement
middotlthough not bound by the 0onvention
r_1middot tiv to the Trtmiddot tment of ~middotrisoner~
of r middotJrpmiddotbulln will bullply mutmiddot tis
~1ltmiddot ndis the revisions of thmiddot t
Convcnticn to middotmericn prison~rs of
r In cocununicmiddot tion d- tesd on or - bout ths
- 107 shy
JOth January 1942 addressed to the
Argentine middotinister n Tokllo by TOGO
Shigenori one of the accused es Foreign
middotinister on behalf of- Japan it is stated
The Imperial Government has not yet
ratified the Convention of 27th July
1929 regarding the treatment of prisshy
oners of er They are not therefore
subject to the said Conventionmiddot None
the less trey will anply mutatis
mutendis the conditions of ihet Conshy
vention to English (enedien iustrelmiddot
ien end Jew Zeeland prisoners of war
in their power bullmiddotbull1th regard to suppl
of food and clothin~ to prisoners of
war they will consider on condition
of recinrocity national and racial
custous of the prisoners
By the said comr1unications or one of them
Japan acceded to the seid Convention in
accordence 1dth rticle 95 thereof and
the state of war then existin~ gave inmedshy
iate effect to such accession
middot (_c) The said comiunicetions constituted assurshy
ances to the United States of merica the
United Lingdor1 of Great Britain and North~
Irelane Canada ~ustralia ampnd iiew Zealan
to whoee governments the said coumanicetio
were intended to bb end Nere repeuted by
the raspectivemiddot~ecipients thereof adin
each case to ell nations who were at war
- 108 shy
with Japan
Except in the said natters there are no proshy
visions of tte said Geneva Convention to which the
expression mutatis mutandismiddotbull could properly be
applied
J The International Convention for the meliorshy
ation of the londition of the tmiddotounded and S1ck in
~rmies n the ~ield done at Geneva on the 27th July
1929 ( known as and hereinafter called I the Red Crost
Conventionbulll provides (inter alia) as follews
rrticle 26 The Corunenders-in-Chief of bellig
erent armies shall arrange the details for
carrying out the preceding articles as well as
for cases no~ provided for in accordance with
the instructions of their respective Government
and in conformity with the general principles
of the presampnt Convention ~
Japsn was a party to the said Convention
together with over forty other nations which ttus
becane art or evidence of the lavs an~ middotustorns of
ar In the above-mentioned coilllunicrtion deted on
or about the 29th January 1942 Japan stated
Jspon obs1rves strictly the Ganeva Convention
of 27th July 1929 rulstivs to the R~d Cross
as a state sign1tory of that Convtntion
cAommunicetion dated tblgt 13th Februar 1942
l~ shy
signed by TCG0 1 Shigenori one of the accused as
Foreign l-inister on behalf of Jspe_n addressed to
the swiss Jlinlster in okyo contained the_followlng
statement
The Imperial Government TAill apply during the
present war on con~ltlon of reciprocity the
provisions relative totbe treatment of prisonshy
ers of war of the 27th July 1929 to enemy
civilian internees as fer as applicable to
them enc prQvided that labour will not be
imposed u~on-them contrary to their free choic~
The said communlcetion constituted en assurshy
ance to ell the nations et wer with Je~an (who in
fact carried out the provisions of the said Convenshy
tfon es aplice ble to Jaamiddotnese clvi lien internees)
other then tra Republic ef Chine
The above-mentioned assurances were rereated by
the_ Japanese Foreign inistrymiddot on several occasions
as r~cently as tne 26th i-ay 1943
Epound~cbull11ns CF B1E~CrEs shy
All the offences are oreeches of the Laws end
Custolls of er in ec1dition to end es proved in
pert by the several -~rticles of the Conventions end
assurences specifically nentioned
SEClION NJE
Inhumane treatment contrary imiddotn each ease te
Article 4 of the said Anne_x to the said RagJlbull Conven
- 110 shy
tion end the whole of the said Geneva Convention end
to the s~id assurances In addition to the inhumane
treatment alleged in SectionsTwo to Six hereof
inclusive which are incorporated iri this Sacti6n
prisoners or war end civilian internees were murdere~
beaten tortured and otherwise ill-treated and
female prisoners were raped by members of the
Japanese forces
SECTICN TWO bull
Illegal employnent of prisoner of war labour middotcontrary in each case to rticle 6 of the said Annex
to the said Hague Convention end to ~art III of the
said Geneva Convention end to the said assurances
The said emuloyment was illegal in that
(a) prisoners or war were enployed on work
having connection end direct connection
with the operations of war
(b) prisoners of warwere employed on work for
which they ere hysicelly unsmiddot~ited and
on ~1ork which was unhealthy end dangerous
(c) the duration of daily work wee excessiye
end rrisomiddot1ers middot I-ere not allowed rests of
twenty-four middotconsecuti va hours in each week
(d) conmiddotditions of work wer rendered more
arduous ty c1lsclplinery measures
(e) prisoners were kapt end compalled to work
in unhce lthy cliretEgts end dangerous zones
end without sufficient food clothing or
toots
- 111 ~
SCTI CN Tl-R EE
Refusal sne ftbullilure to raintaln prisoners of
wer contrary tomiddot Article 7 of the said Annex to the
said Heeue Convention and ~rticle 4 end Pert III
trticlai 9 - 12 inclusive of the said Geneva Convenshy
tion and to t~amiddot seid assurances
C~ine to differences ~f netionel and reciel
custo~s the food end ~lothing supplied to the
la~enese troops were even when supplied to rrisonerr
of wor belonging to the white races insufficient
to tiointsin them Adequete food end clothing were
not SUP lied either in ecc9rdance with the said
Conv3nt1ons or the said essurences
The structural end sEnitary conGi tion of the
cc~ps end labour detachments f~iled entirely to
COR)ly with the stid ~rticlee and Yltse extremely
bed unhealth~middot end inadequate
Yashilll ent drinking facilities were inEdequete
end bed
S~TICN FCllR
Excessive and illegal punis~ment of risonars
of war contrery tq Article 8 of the said ~nnex to
the said Hague Convention end to rert III Section
V Chapter) of the said Geneva Convention and tc
the said assurances
(o) Prisoners of ~er ~ere killed beaten and
tortured vithout trial or investigetion of
any kind for alleged offences
(b) such uneuthorlzed punlsbments ware inflict
ed for alleged offences wtlch even if
- 112 shy
proved were not under the seid Conventionis
offences et middoten
(cl collective punishments were imposedmiddot for
individual alleged offences
(d) priscners were sentenced to punishment
more severe then imprisonment for thiity
days t9r stteQpting to escape
(el conditions ot the trial ot prisoners did
not conforn to those laid down in the seid
Chapter
(f) conditions ot lllprisonm~nt ot prisoners
sentenced did not conform to those laid
down in the said Chapter bull
sectCTIlt JrIVE
istreetment or the sick end wounded meicsl
personnel end ferale nurses contrary to Articles 3
14 15 end 25 of the seid Geneva Convention end
rticles 1 9 10 end 12 ot the seid Jee Cross Conshy
vention end to the said assurences
(el Officers end soldiers who were wounded or
sick medical personnel chaplains and
~ersonnel of voluntary aid Societies were
not respected or protected but were
murdered ill-treated end neglected
(b) medical personnel chaplains and personnel
er voluntary aid Societies were ~rongfully
retained in ~apenese hende
(cl female nurses were raped L1urdered and
ill-treated
(d) camps did not possess infirmaries and
- 113 shy
seriously sicJt prisoners ena those requirshy
ing illportant surical treatrent were not
edmittea to ~iliiary or civil institutions
qualifieG to treat them
(e) monthly t1edical inspections were not
arranged
(f) sick and wounded prisoners were transferred
elthou~h their reccvery-was prejudiced by
their journeys bull
S-0CTJO SIX
HuniIiation of prisoners of war ampnd especially
officersi contrary to trticle 8 of tha said Annex to
the said Hafue Conveurontion ana Articles 2 J 18 21
22 and 27 of the seid Geneva Convention and to tbe
seic assurances
(a) Prisoners were aeliberctely ~ept ana nade
to work ~n territories occ~riea by Japan
for the purrose ormiddotex~osing them to thb
nsults end curiosity of the inh~bitants
(bl prisoners in Tapen and in occuried tershy
ritories including officers were compelshy
led to orlt on rampnial tasls and exposed to
l)UbUc view
( c) officer ~r isoners vere -clacect rnaer the
control of ron-commissionea cifictrs and
private soldiers end oonp llLd to selute
them sr6 to wort
Refusel or feilure to collect en trensrnit
- 111 shy
informrtion rrerdinf rrisoners (fmiddot war end rGplies
to enquiriGs on tto subject centrer~ to trticle 14
of the seid Annex tc the seid Pague Convention end
to ~rticles 8 eqd 77 of the seid rsneva Ccnvention
and to the sEid assurances
Proper records were not kept nor inforfileshy
tion supplied es requirLd by the said
rrticles and the riost lmpcrtFnt of such
records as vorc kept were delibLrotely
distroyed
S~CIO rmiddotyenJ
Obstructions of the rirhts of the rrotectine
rowers of RLd Cross Socioties of prisonors of war
end of thair reprcs~nt~tives contrary to rticlc 15
of the seid bnncx to t~e s~id Pcfua Convention ana
t~ lticles Jl 42 44 78 Ln~ 86 of the said cneva
Convention end t9 tho said assurances
( o) The rrnrc sntti vcs of tha bullrotectj ng
Power ( Svd tZerlind) viere refused or not
rrsnt(d pmiddotroission to visit camns rnd
access to premises occupiod by prisoners
(b) vhcn suet rornlssion was gr11nttd ttr were
not allowod to hold conversetion with
prisoners without witnesses or ct ell
(c) on such occasions conditions in eo11ps w_r
dcc(ptively pr_pbrod to apbullepoundir btter thin
nor~1~l rnC rrisomrs wrr thrsttoned with
punishment if thy cornrleincd
(d) prisonErs ampnd th~ir rcprasant~tivss weru
not ellowGd to lllku complaints rs to the
- 115 shy
neturv or -their work or otherwhe or to
correspond rreelmiddot with the nilitery eit~iorshy
ities or tle rrotectin owampr
(e) Red CroEs ~ercels end nail were withheld
Erlloyinf ~oison contrary to the _lnternstionsl
Declaration resiiectin7 Asr-hyxistinf (bulleses siened by
( inter elia) Japen Pnc China st The Hague on the 29th
July 1899 and to ~rticle 2J(a) or the said Annex
to the said Es~ue Convention ane to ftrticle 171 of
the Tremiddotety otmiddotVerseilles
In the w~r~ of Japan ereinst the bullbullerublic
of Cline poison gas was lSed- Ttiis
elleretion is confined to thetmiddot country
smiddotcrr0r~ Tirr
illine enemies who tsvn laid down their
arms Qr no longer tevinr 1esns middotf defence had
surrenderec et discretion contrerr to ~rticle 23( t
of ~he sdlt Annex to this soid Eemiddot u~ Convention
Destruction or cneri rogterty without mlliterJ
Justificeticn or necessit~ end rillege contrary to
rticles2J(1d 2~ end 47 of the seid Annex to tbe
said Haguu Conventic-n
Failure to resrcct iani~middot honcur ed rights
ind V iduel lifEJ r-r1vE ti procrtr end rclifOUS
- 116 -middot
convictions and worship middot111 occ11phd territories and
denortation and ensl~vement ot tte inhabitants
thereof contrery to flrticle 46 or th~ said nnnex to
the said llegue Conventionmiddot end to the Laws end Customs
ot er
Large numbers ct the inhabitants ot such
territories were murdered torturto~ raped
End otherwise ill-treated arrested and
interned without Justificationmiddot sent to
reread labour ano tlir property destroyd
or cont1scotcd
SECTIC~ FT~T
E1111111 survivors ot shipsmiddot sunk by neval action
end crews of cspt11rd snirs contrary to rtich 16
ot irefrue Convention rro io ot 1907
Failure to rcsp0ct ~111tary hospital ships
contrary to ftrticle 1 01 the lEFt-mention0d Convenshy
tion and unleltul use of JamiddotJcnce bosPi ti l ships
centrer to trticles 6 ~ne 8 theraor
XTI crbull PTTn
~ttacks and especially ampttecs ~ithout due
wirning ution noutrl ships
- 117 bull
Statement of Individual Responsibility for Crimes Set Cut in the Indictment
The stetenents hereinefter set forth following
the nerle of each individual Defendant constitute
matters unon which the Frosecution will rely inter
elie as establishin~ the individual responsibility
of tbe Defendants It is charged against each of the Defendants
that he usad the po-er and nrestige of the position
which he held end his rersonel influence in such a
manner that he pro~oted and carried out the offences
set out in each Count of this Indictment in which
his name ap~eers
It is charged against each of the Defendants
that during the periods hereinafter set out against
his nnle he was one of those responsible for all the
acts and omissions of the various Governments of
which he bullas a member and of the various civil
military or naval organizations in vhich he held fl
position of autbcrity
It is crargad against each of the nefendants
as sho~n by the nurnb6rs fiven aftisr bis nalle that
he was ~resent at nr ccncurree in tte dacisions
taken at sole of the conferences end cabinet reetings
leld on or about tte follovinf dates in 1941 which
decisions prepared 1or end led to unlawful war on
7th8th Dece~ber 1941
1 25th June 1941 (Liaison)
2 26th June 1941 (liaison)
J 27th Junt 1941 ( L1a1middotsmiddotcn)
- 118 shy
4 28th June 1941 (Liaison)
5 )0th June 1941 (Supreme Yor Council)
6 2nd July 1941 (Imperial)
1 7th August 1941 (Thought Control Council)
s 22nd August 1941 (Cebinet)
9 6th September 1941 (I1rp6r1al)
10 17th October 1941 ( x-Ireniers)
11 26th iovcnber 1941 ( Liaison)
12 29th 1ovember 1941 (x-Prenier s)
1) 1st December 1941 (Imperial)
14 1st Decenber 1941 (Cabinet)
ARAKI
The Defendant ARAYI bet~een 1926 and 1945 was
amonr other ~s1tions held- Chief of General Affe1ri
Department of the ~ffice or Inspector General or
111tarr Training ( 1931) lin1ster of er under
Inukai end Seito (December 19)1 to July 19)4) e
full General (19))) ember or the Supreae Yer
Council ( 19)4 to 19)6) ember or the Cab1nt
Advisory Council on China (19)7) dacetlon dnister
under ronoye soc then under vrv111middot~ (ley 19)8 to
August 19)9) iember or thE Cabinet ~dvisory
Council (1940)
he D6fondent rc1-nmiddot 1 1 between 1928 enl 194S
we s enoni- other pr id t lone t e 1 d - ColllLlander of the
Special Service Section ln 1snchur1s (September
19)1) Peyor of ukdn ( 5pter1ber to Cctobcr 19Jl)
attached to heedlt1ucrters lwentunr Army ( 19)))
- 119
Chiet Adviser to the rortt China autonooous Govarnshy
111ent Colllllnc5er-in-Chlef reienese 5th Jrri Janchurie
(1938 to 1940) Suprene 1middoter Councillor (1940 to
1943) Inepector Qenerel ot 1111tery lvietion (1941)
tull renerel (April 1941) Cmmendemiddotr-in-Chiet
Eestern Army in l11en (1943)_Ciu1Snder ot the 7th
Aree 11r1111 et Slgeriore (1944 to 1945) Inspector
renerel 111tory Trelninl (A~ril 1945)
Conterenoes- s
he )efe1~dent ~middot~~rITI between 1928 and 1945
was erionmiddot other Gsitions held- etteched rmy
Cenerol Steff Cl9JJ) retired fro-n Army (Pebruery
1936) author cf Iecleretons cf E~gtFr OTO iingoro
(1936) re-entered the Army (1937) commended en
rtillerr Pegillent et the Ree cf llnmiddottdn (1937)
in corlland of Jeranese forces which shelled the
ladybird and the -aney (1937) author of a l~rge
number ot books articles in ~lc iragezine Tai ye
Dd tippon en6 oter rublicE tions end ~utlic
speeclef ell advCcting agrress~ ve wEirfere member
of e nu~ber of societies fer the 1nst1get1on of army
control over ~~11tics end furtherance er er~ressiva
~1erfre proroter of e nunber o lets designed tcshy
renove poll ti clans lti oft lcers Ylhoo he did not
consider sufficiently eecreiEve middote frunder of the
T~~~ (194n) elected to the Lcwer rouse of the
fjit 1194)
- 120 shy
The Detendent f beheen 1928 and 1945 was
aronr other CS1 t1ons held- D1v1s 1onal Colllander in
l-encbur1 (1933) Chlet o ~rmy ~v1at1on Department
( 1935) C=ander or tts Taiwan trmy ( 1936 to 1937)
Inapector reneraLet bull111tary Ecucatlon and L1eJ1be~
ot the S1~1rene tar Council ( tugust 1937 l a full
General (Februa~y 1937) Colroander-1n-Ch1et of the
Jltxped1t1onary Force in Central China (February 1938)middot
ember ot the 3uDrez-e bullmiddoter Council ( January 1939l
middot-er llinlster under be ( ugust 1939 to Januery 1940)
Ccmmander-1n-Ch1et ot the ~xped1t1onary Force 1n
Central Chna (Tuly 1940 to 1944) iel6 lershall bullend ember of the JloCrd ot Jarshele aad d1irels
(June 1944) Insgtector General ot 111tery Sducetion
(Novenber 1944)
PIR 1~
he Defendant -1 middot r between middot1928 end 1945
was among ctler nositlons held- Founder ot the
Yokuhonsta end resident frcir 1926 to 1936 Vice
resident ot Jrlvi Coulc11 (1930 to 1936) rresldent
ot r1vy Council (1936 to 1939) rrLe nnister
( January to middotugust 1939) 1-lnister middot1i thout -middotortfollc
under Konoye and tor a time Eome inister and later
V1ce-remier (July 1940 to Cctrber 1941) ie~ber of
~bought Control Council ueust 141) ires1dent
rrivy Cou~cil (1945)
Conferrnces- l234b7612
- 121 shy
The Defendant PIROT between 1928 end 1945 was
eronr ether Oitlons held- mbeesedor to the Union
or2ov1et Socialist Re~ubl1cs (19JO) Foreign
l~in1eter (Septenber 193) to July 1934) under Saito
end F-ro111 July 1934 to 1arch 1936 under Okede Pr1me
Unister and tor a tine Forei11n i-anitter concurrentli
Wsrch 19)6 to February 19J7) Foreign Jinister under
Yonoye (June 1937 toay 19J8) et1ber or tM
Cabinet middotdvisory C1uncll (1940)
Conrerences- 1012
lOliWO
The Derendent rcsrrrc between 1928 end 1945 bullas snonr other rositions h~ld- Chier General middotrrsirs
Puresu of the Finance Derartment ofbull the i-Snchukuo
Government (19J2) Chief or ~enersl middotrrairs in the
P1nsnce Inistry o anchulrno ( 1934) Vice anister
Finampnce in the ~middotencl ukuo ~cv~rnment ( 1936) Chier
renual ffairs uruu in tho ational middotrrampirs crric
or 1middotanchukuo ( December 1936) Chief of roneral
bullrreirs in lanctutuo (July 1938) =resident or the
Ilannnr Peard enc later 1n1ster without gtortfolio
under l~onoye ( July 1940 to rrll 1941) Chiampf
secretary and Iinieter or 3tate under TClC ( Cctcber
16th 1941 tc July 1944) dviser tc Finance inietrj
(December 1944)
Ccnfersncee- 1114
ITGH
The Defendant IT 11middotI botween 1928 end 1945 wes
- 122 shy
among other rositions heldbull full Colonel 1wentung
Jrm (1929) l~jor General i~wentung trny (1932)
Vice CUet of Steff Kwentung ~rllJbull ( 19J4) Coiunender
5th Division in ~hine (arch 1937) Chief of Steff
1wantune rmy (1936 to 1937) attached to Headquarshy
ters General Start (middotay 1937 ar lln1ster under
Yonoye end HI1~1lJ~ tror~ Jule 1938 to -UpoundUSt 1939
and concurrently resident of the Ianchuriari middotrra1rs
~ureau of the Cebinet Chief of Sterr Japanese middotrmy
in Chine (Se~tember 1939) full General (July 1941)
Commender epenese ray in Iarea (July 1941 to
1945) Uunber of ~upreme imiddoter Council (1943) Comshy
Jlllnder 7th middotrea middotrm in ltin~epore (pr11 1945)
Y The Defendant rmiddotvmiddot between 1928 anamiddot1945 was
among other positions held- yhiet Secretary Finance
Uinietry (1934) mnister of igtinence t June 1937 to
ray 1938) under Konoye on the middotdvieory Ccmmittee
China middottteire lloard (J9J9) resident North China
Developrient Company (19J9 to 1941) P-inence linister
under To-c ( June 1941 to February 1944l Director
IR gtS (1944)
Conferences- 11121314
ICIDO
the Defendant LIDO between 1928 end 1945 wee
among other positions bald- Chief Secretary to the
Lord hampeper of the Priv~ Seal (19JO) Education
Minister under Ionoye ( 1937) Velfare -iinister under
Yonoye (1938) Home Iinieter under hIR PUil 11939)
- 123 shy
Lord Keeper or the Privy Seel (1940middotto 1945) chief
oonfidentiel advisor to the Lmperor and presided et
meetinrs or Ex-rreciers
Conferences- 1012
KU~tR
The Defendant 1I1JR middot between 1928 and 1945 wu
eMon11 other CS1t1ons ~eld- Chief or Starr 1wantung
middotrmy ( 1940) Vice er linister under 1onoye ampnd TCJO
(1941 to lebruer- 1944) lirnber uprece er Council
(194)) Commflder in Chief Japanese rmy Burma
(1944) full General (1945)
YCISC
The Defendant KCISO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- Director lilitery
middot ffairs flureeu of tl6 iar linistry (19)0) Vice
War inister und-er Inukai ( 19)2) Chief or etaff
Ywantunr middotmiddotmiddotmy (19)2 to 1934) ColllilBnder Jenampnese
middotrcy Korea_ (19)5 to 19)6) a full General (19)7)
Overseas inister under BI l1 (19)9) end under
ona1 (1940) Governor General 1oree (Iay 1942)
rime l1nlstir ( uly 1914 to pril 194S)
~TSbullTI
The Defendant ~~TstI between 1928 and 1945 was
8llOilF other rosltions heldbull Re)resentetive of the
Japanese ~rmy at the Geneva Conference (19)1) 1lerober
of the upreme iar Council (arch 19))) a full
General (19JJ) a founder of the Greater ~est Asia
Society (19JJ) Commender-in-Chief Japanese forces
- 124 shy
in Centrel Chine (Cctober 1937 to February 1938)
Hember ot the Cabinet dvisory Council (July 1938
to Januari 1940) Adviser to the Asia Pronotion
FeGeration (1940) Aeviser to the rreeter East Asia
Affairs Section or the r~~J (1943) rresident or
the Creater East Asia Davelopient ~ociety (1944)
lllSTCYA
The Defendant middotrSTTCJAbetween 1928 end 1945
was erJOlF other Ositions held- cier Delegate to
the League or etions ~ssembly ( 1933) ~resident ot
the 1-outh lPnorurien =teilwer (19J5 to 1939) Hember
or the c~binet bulldvisory Council (1940) Foreign
linister middot under onoye ( July 1940 to July 1941)
author ot ~show Restcretion (1938) end other books
end articles and ~ublic speeches advocating aggresshy
sive warfare
Conferences- 12~346
rn~bull1t
The Defendant INt~ between 1928 end 1945 was
P~ong other ~ositions held- Commander Japanese
rm Korea I1929) Ver iniampter under bullTekatsulci
(l-ril 193_1 to Lecember 1931) 5uprame 1er Councillor
( 1931 to 1934) Coanender-in-Chief Kvantung rmy
( 1934 to 19J6) Governor Cenerl of 1oree ( 1936 to
1942) Jenber or tle rmiddotriv~ Council ( 1942 to 1945)
~resident or the l~liticel tssocietion of Greet
Taren (1945)
- 125 shy
tTO
The Defendant lUTO between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held- Instructor et the
ilitsry lttoff College (19)0 to 19)2) Senior Otticer
ot the rilitery ~ttairs Bureau of the Her inistry
(19)5 to 19)6) Chief ot a section ot the General
st111tt ( 1937) attached Headquarters Starr Central
China bullrmy (1Lgust 19)7) Colonel attached to
1wantung bullrmy Headquarters Ctlet ot the llilitsry
ftairs Eureau ( October 19)9 to pril 1942 l
colllllsnded 2nd Guards Division in Sumatra (194))
C~iet ot Steft or the 14th ree middotrmy in the rhilishy
ppines under Gener~l Ycmashite (October 1944)
Conferences- 12346911lJ
The Defendant 1rmiddotcmiddotn0 between 1928 end 1945 was
1mong other J)ositions held- Vice Chief Nevel
General 3teft (1930) Delegate to the Geneve Pavel
Conference ( 1931) Lember Supreme 1er Council ( 19JJ)
full dmirel (1934) Chief Delegate to London Naval
Conference (19)5) Navy 1inister under HIROT~ (Mer ch
1936 to February 19)7) _ Ccmmen~ar-in-Chiet ot
Conbined Fleet (19)7) Hember of Supreme er Council
(1940) Chiet of Navel General Steff (April 1941 to
February 1944) Supreme Yaval Adviser to the iLperor
tram February 1944
Conferences- l2J469lllJ
or~
The Defendant CFA between 1928 enG 1945 was
- 126 shy
BllOne other ~ositions held- on the Vevel Generil
Sterr (1930) section Cbie1 Generel end uilitery
Atteirs Pureau of tbe bullavy (1938) Cbie1 General
and llltery ftelrs Bureaux ot the lmiddotavy_ (October
1940 to August 1944) Vice Adlral ( 1942) Vice
Navy Hinster (20 July 1944) under 1crso Commandershy
1n-Cbie1 Ch1nka1- (Korea) tavel Stetlon (Septeriber
1944 to June 1945)
Conferences- 1234691113
The Defendant OKAVA between 1928 and 1945 was
eflong otner rositlons held- Director GeMtral of
the iest ~sis Research nstitute of the South
lenct-urien 1e1lwe rroll 1926 en orcsnizer of tte
ukden Incicent (Se-ptember 18th 1931) author of
t temiddotSnese Fistory Reeder (1935) enci 01 books
articles encl sreEeches advocatine aggressive war tormiddot
the expulsicn by force ot the wtit~ races from Asiamiddot
OSHD~
middotThe Jefendent C~~IM_ between 1928 end 194i 11es
llllong other rostlons held - ~llltery ttache in
Berlin (1936) tllbassedor tc ~ermeny (October 1938
to Octobe~ 1939) and egeln fron February 1941 to
rrril 1945
S 1TC
The Defendant SC b~tveen 1928 and 1945 was
among other Csitions held- Instructor rny Gonerel
Steff Colloga (1935) sttecbed to the ilitery middot-L middot
- 127 shy
bulltta1rs Bureau ot thfl Har ~1n1str~ enler or the
lenn1ng Poard (1937 to 19)8) Chief ot the 1111 tery
tta1rs Section ot the i111tery middottte1rs Auresu ot
themiddotrer r1n1stry (Februer3 1941 to middotpril 1942)
ISJor G6nerel (October 1941) Chiflt ot ilitary
tta1rs Pureau ot the tmiddoter 1n1stry ( pr11 1942 to
December 1944) Lieutenant Genpoundral (arch 1945)
the Defendant FGllITSU batveen 1928 and 1945
WEIS oiong other positions 1eld - l1nistEr to China
(1931) Vice lorolcn lnister under Saito and Cikede
(1933 to 19)6) cbessador to the Tnion ot 3ov1et
Socialist Relulillcs Wovemb6r 1936 to Nov61ilb6r 1938)
middotibessftor to t-re6t Britain ( 1938 to June 1941)
middotrebassedor to the 1-Tanltinr i_lrgtPet JovernnLnt (Decmb3r
1941 to Jril 1943) Foreitn inister under_ TOlO
( bullyr11 194) to July 1944) and Fordgn rinister and
concurrently linister for Greiter est sia under
KCI~O (July 1944 to hril 1945)
SHIWDA
The Detendent SRilJDA betveen 1928 nd 1945
was ar1ong other positions talC- Chier ot 5tatt
Combined Fleet (1930) Vice CMet revel General
Steft ( 1935 to 1937) Comlander of the econd Fleetmiddot
(December 19)7) COIJll8nder Chine Fleet (ay 1940)
full Admiral (1940) -ev_y inister under TClC (Cctoshy
ber 1941) appointed tc Su~reme middotmiddoter Cc=c1l (1944)
Chiet ot ravel General 3teft (February to July 1944)
Conferences- 12i314
bull 128 shy
SHIRATOR
The Defendant $IRAT0RI between 1928 and 1945
was eeong other positions held- Chief or Intorlll8shy
tion Bureau or the loreien Office ( 1930 h ~inister
to sweden orwar Denmark Finland (1936) Ambasbull
aador to Italy (1939) Adviser Japanese Foreign
Office (1940) author of an article in Conte~porary
Japan po1nt1ni_r out the necessity of a World Conflict
to establishmiddotthe llew Order in Asia (hpr11 le
1941) Director IR~Ps (1943)
suzmr
The Defendant SUZ~IYI between-1928 end 1945 was
among other middotpositions held- Lember of the middot111 tery
ffsirs Section or the War Iinistry middot(19Jl) attached
to the Bureau or ~litary ffairs of the ~er Departshy
ment (19J3) Official ot the Investigation Bureau
or the Cabinet (193S) Regimental Col11118nder of the
14th Regiment (1936) Chiefmiddot or the Political Affairs
Division or the Chine ~fairs Poard (December 19J8
to lpril 1941) actill8 Director General thereof
in 1940 middotrreeid~nt ot the Cabinet Planning Board
end Iinieter without orttolio (pr11 1941 to
Cctober 1943) under Konoye and T0ir Cabinet dviser
(Noveriber 1943 to Se~tember 1944) Director or the
IR 1bullbull t (1944)
Conrerances- 689111314
TOGO
The Defendant TOGO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- i~beesedor to (eroany
bull 129
(October 1937) Ambassador to tlll Obion ot Soviet
Socialist Republics (October 1938) Foreign Minister
and Minister for overseas Affairs under TOJO (October
1941 to )larch 1942) Foreign Xinist er and Kini st er
or Greater East Asia WJier SUZUKI (April 1945)
Conterences1- 11121314
TOJ01
The Detendlllt TOJO betireen 1928 ani 1945 was
among Other pos1tions held- Head ot the First
Section or the General Start (1931 to 1932) Chiet
or the Investigation Section or the Am7 Communica-
tions School (1932) Col11111ll1der or the Xilitar7
Police or the Kwantung Ann7 (1935) Chief or Starr
Kwantung Arrrrr (1937) Vice War Minister under
Konoye (Xay to Decenber 1938) Director General or
111litary Aviation (1938 to 1939) far llinb ter umer
Konoye (Julr 1940 to Decelligter 1941) tull General
(October 1940) Prime Ministerand war Minister
concurrentlr (December 2 1941 to Julr 1944) shy
during which period he was also at tirnea Rome
K1n1ster Minister or Jlunitlona and Chier or
General Starr
Conterences1bulll23456S9ll121314
UKEZUI
The Defendant UIIEZU between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held1- Chier or the General
Affairs Depart~~t ot thll War K1n1strr (1931)
Commander of the Japanese Forces 1n China (1934)
Vice war J1n1ster under HIROT Barash and Xonore
(Karch 1936 to Mar 1938) Comnanter of the Kwan tung
Armr and Ambassador to Manchukuo (1939 to 1944)
tull General (1940) Chief or General start (Jul7
1944 to 1945)
bullbull 11011bull 150 shy
- ANNEXES
-
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
-
- A-1 THE POTSDAM DECLARATION
- A-1-a JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-b REPLY BY SECRETARY OF STATE TO JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-c FINAL JAPANESE ACCEPTANCE
- A-2 INSTRUMENT OF SURRENDER
- A-3 MOSCOW CONFERENCE AGREEMET
- A-4 SPECIAL PROCLAMATION ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-5 CHARTER OF THE INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-6 INDICTMENT
-
- GROUP ONE CRIMES AGAINST PEACE
-
- Count 1
- Count 2
- Count 3
- Count 4
- Count 5
- Count 6
- Count 7
- Count 8
- Count 9
- Count 10
- Count 11
- Count 12
- Count 13
- Count 14
- Count 15
- Count 16
- Count 17
- Count 18
- Count 19
- Count 20
- Count 21
- Count 22
- Count 23
- Count 24
- Count 25
- Count 26
- Count 27
- Count 28
- Count 29
- Count 30
- Count 31
- Count 32
- Count 33
- Count 34
- Count 35
- Count 36
-
- GROUP TWO MURDER
-
- Count 37
- Count 38
- Count 39
- Count 40
- Count 41
- Count 42
- Count 43
- Count 44
- Count 45
- Count 46
- Count 47
- Count 48
- Count 49
- Count 50
- Count 51
- Count 52
-
- GROUP THREE CONVENTIONAL WAR CRIMES AND CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY
-
- Count 53
- Count 54
- Count 55
-
- APPENDICES
-
- APPENDIX A SUMMARIZED PARTICULARS
-
- SECTION 1 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN MANCHURIA
- SECTION 2 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN THE REST OF CHINA
- SECTION 3 ECONOMIC AGGRESSION IN CHINA AND GREATER EAST ASIA
- SECTION 4 METHODS OF CORRUPTION AND COERCION IN CHINA AND OTHER OCCUPIED TERRITORIES
- SECTION 5 GENERAL PREPARATION FOR WAR
- SECTION 6 THE ORGANIZATION OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FOR WAR
- SECTION 7 COLLABORATION BETWEEN JAPAN GERMANY AND ITALY AGGRESSION AGAINST FRENCH INDO-CHINA AND THAILAND
- SECTION 8 AGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION
- SECTION 9 JAPAN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA THE COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILLIPPINES AND THE BRITISH COMMONWEALTH OF NATIONS
- SECTION 10 JAPAN THE KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS AND THE REPUBLIC OF PORTUGAL
-
- APPENDIX B LIST OF ARTICLES OF TREATIES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUO ONE AND TWO
- APPENDIX C LIST OF OFFICIAL ASSURANCES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUP ONE
- APPENDIX D INCORPORATED IN GROUP THREE
- APPENDIX E STATEMENT OF INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR CRIMES SET OUT IN THE INDICTMENT
-
their homea ~1th the opportunity ~o lead~peacerul
end productive lives
(10) ie do not intend thEt the Jepe11ese shell
be enslaved 88 8 race or destrored 88 8 nation but
stamprn Justice shell be mcted out to pound11 wer crlminelt
including t~osc who hPve visited cruelties upon Olll
priscn~rs Tbe le~cnesa Government shell remove all
obstacles to tbe r~v1vrl end strongtherilngof demoshy
cratic temiddotndsncics emonc the Jenanose aople Fredo11
cf speech of rel1r1on I end of thollfht es well as
respect for the fundcmentel humen rights shell be
established
(11) Ja~on shall be permitted to mo1nto1n such
industries ss will sust1in her economy end purmlt
the exaction of Just rtperttions in kind but not
those v1hich would nebls her to rr-erm for war To
this end eccess to es disti1111uished trom control
of raw motoriels shell be rermltt~d Eventual
Jepenese particiption in world trade rehtions
shell be parritted
(12) The occupying forces of the Allies shell
be yen1ithdrewn from Je~cn rs soon fS thee objctives
hPve been r ceomplished rmiddotnd thrrc hlt-s bein estft blishcti
in nccordrnce with th~ freely expressed will of trt
eEnese poople e ne~cefully inclined end responsibh
governncnt
( lJ) middotbullre CP11 UPOil the government of Jeptn to
rrcc11m now the uncondltlonil surrender of r11
Jcpenese ~rmed forces rnd to provide proper and
edequote oesur~nces of thsir good rc1th in such
rctlon The lltern~tive far Jeptn ls prompt nd
utter dostructiori
-3-
AlNEX NO A-1-o
JUDGMENT
INTERNATJONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
JAPANESE UALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
LEGATION DE SUISSE Washington n c Sir August 10 1945
I have the honor to inform 7ou that the
Japanese Minister to Switzerland upon instructions
received from his Government has requested the
Swiss Political Department to advise the Government
of tre United States of America of the following
In obedience to the gracious COITDlland of
his Majest7 the Emperor fho ever anxious to
enhance the cause of Rgt rld peace desires
earnestl7to bring about a speed7 termination
of hostilities with a view to saving mankind
from the calamities to be imposed upon them by
further continuation of the war the Japa1elie
Government several weeks ago asked the SOviet
Government with which neutral relations then
prevailed to render good offices in restoring
peace vis -a vis the enemy powers Unfar tuna t_eshy
17 these efforts in the interest of peace
having failed the Japanese Government 1n conshy
formity w1 th the august wish of His ttajest7
to restore the general peace ani desiring to
put an end to the untold sufferings entailed
b7 war as quickl7 as possible have decided
- 4 shy
upon the following
The J~p~nese r-overnmant rre rendy to
ccept the terms enumerrteurod in th- joint
drcl~rrton which bullEs issued ft otsdmiddotm on
July 26th 1945 by the heeds of the Governmonts
of the United St tts Gret t Br itdn ~nd Chin
nnd 1-ter subscribed by tha Soviet Govornment
with the undorstbullncinz thrt the srid doclcrshy
tion does not comprise ~ny de~nd which prejushy
dices the prerogbullmiddottives of His Ejeurosty ts
Sovereign nuler
Tba 0 -rnese Governcnt sincerely hope
h~t this understtnding is wcrrcntGd nd desire
keenly th~t bull n explicit indic tion to th1 t
effect will be speedily forthcomine
In trr nsmi ttinp the r bove messr re the J(pmiddotnese
Iinistar rddod thbullt tis Governraent begs the Governshy
ment of the Tritd St~tes to forwrrd its cnswer
through the intcrmedimiddotmiddotry of Switzerlrnd Similr-r
requests ~re buing trnsmitted to tho Cmiddotovornments
of rrert Britin middotn~ the ~nion of Soviet Socirlist
Republics through the intermedfrry of Sweden bull s
we11 S to the Covernment of Chin~ through the intershy
mcdhry cf Switzerlrnd The Chinesa 1-inister t
Berne h~s bulllredy been informed of the foregoing
through the ehrnnel of the swiss oliticrl Deprrtshy
ment
Plcise be rssured th t I c~ rt your disposl
~t rny time to rccept for nd forwtmiddotrd to my Governshy
m~nt the reply of thcmiddotGovernnent of the Cnited St 0 te~
- 5 shy
tccept S1r the renewed r ssurrnces ot my
highest considerrtion
lh() Fonorcble J~mes f Byrnes s Grossll secret~ry ot Stete
Cherge d 1ttl ires ~d interim ot SW1 tzerlcnd
- 6 shy
JlliEX NO J-1-b
JUDGlENT
INT1RNTIONL IILITay TRIBUNAL FOF THI FJR ElST
REPLY BY SECPLTRY OF STTE TO JJPfuESE CULIFIED ieCCEPTJjCJE
Auust 11 1915
Sir1
I hnve the honor to ~cknowledre receipt of y)ur
note of Auust 10 nnd in rc~ly to inforri you thrt
the Prcsitent of th lnitcd Sttes h~s directed rie
to send to you f~r trrnsrrission by y)ur r0vcrnncnt
to the JlJnese G)vern1ent the follminp r-essire In
brmiddothnlf of the Govcrnncnts of the United Strtcs the
Uni tcd Kinrdoo the Union of Sovkt $)cidist
neublics rnd Chinni
1th rcpr-rd to the Jr-rncgtsc Governricntbulls
rcmiddotSS1fe lCCPtinp the tcri-s ~f the Fotsdri roclcshy
mrti 1n but Cmiddotgtntdninp the strtfmcnt 1 with the
understinclinp thot the stid dcclnr~tion dx s not
comprise rny deoond which rejudicesmiddot the prerontives
or His Majesty cs P sovcrcirn ruler 1 our rosition
is ns folloi-1s1
Fr)ri the riomc-nt of surrender the ruthrity
of the- Er1perr nd the Jnnesc Govcrrnirnt to rule
the stotc s~all be subject to the Surei-~ Clrinrnder
or the llied iov1crs who v1ill t-ke such sters rs he
decr-s roper to cffc ctute the surrender tcrlbullS
The Emperor will be requirec1 to riuth0rize ond
c-nsure thpound sir-nature by the Govcrnrient of Jrrrn nd
the Jn~onese Irirerinl General Hrndqurrtcrs of the
- shy
surrender terns necessary to ccrry out tho proshy
visions ot the ctsdan r~cleretion and shell issue
his couiands to ell tte ~aanesa llilitcr- mvcl
end eir authorities en~ to ell the forces under
th~ir control whoravor locrtod to cease octiva
opcrctions rnd to surrender their trns cnd to
issue suet- otter orders ts tte 3urrelle Cor1itndor
n y relulre to -ltive effect to the surrender terms
Ifll~dietelmiddot unon the surrsnder tho Jarenese
Governnent shell trcnsort rtscners of Vii r end
clvilim int ornees to pleces of s foty cs directd
whera thQ~ cen quickly bb plLced cboerd Allied
trrnsrorts
ThG ultiwt forr1 of eovernnont of Jcpcn
sh~ll in occcrdtnce with the ~otsdcm Decl~rrtion
be cstablisbcd by the freely cxrressed ~111 of tho
Jcpampnesa ~~oplc
Th rr1Gd forces of the Allied iowers will
re r-ln in s--n until the bullurroros set forth in the
otsd~ll declerr tion ore 1middotchlcved
Acccrt Sir the ronewad rssuronces of ry
highest consider~tion
r middotox r-rnssli Ctrge d Jffioires fd Interpound of
Switzcrlnd
- 8 shy
1JU1EX NO 1-1-c
JUDGIENT
INTERNJTIONL MILITARY TRIBUNiL FOR TEE FJR EAST
FINbL JbPIJESE ACCEPTANCE
LBGATION DE SUISSE bullwASHINGTON DC
Aurust 14 1945
Sir1
I have the h~nlr to refer to ylur note of
Aurust 11 in which you requested me to trcnsmit to
oy Government the re~ly ~f the Govcr=nts lf the
United st~tes the United Kinrdom the Union or
Slviet Slcialist Rc~ublics end Chine to the ressape
frlm the Jcpcneso a~vcrnoent which wcs com~unicntcd
in my n~te of August 10
lt 2010 todoy (Swiss Tine) the Jnpcnese
Minister to Switzcrlcnd conveyed the followiflishy
written strtclient to the Swiss Govcrnoent for trrnsshy
1issiln to the four Allied Glvnnmcnts1
Comtiunicrtion of the J~rrnesc Governnent
of Aurust 14 1945 cddressed to the Governoents
of the Unitcd Stetes Greet Britain the Slviet
Union ~nd Chinas 1171th reference to the Jcprnesc Governshy
rpound n11s hote lf 1uust 10 tqrardinl thE ir
nccer~cnce ~r the ~rovisi~ns of the Potsdam
Dcclorrtiln ~na the reply lf the Governments
f the United St~tcs Great Britain tho
Swi1ot Union l)nc Chini srnt by Jrnericn Sccreshy
t~ry f st~tc Zyrncs under the date of AUJUSt 11
- 9 shy
the J~pcnese Governricnt h~vc tho honor to cocshy
nunictc to the rovernnents of the four powers
rs follows
l Fis l~jcsty the ErrEgtror h-s iesued
rn nnerhl rescri~t rcfrrdine- Jprn s ccccptshy
nca of the nrovsions of thamp Potsd2c Daclcrcshy
tion
2 Fis Lr Jc sty the Jmperor is prcprrtid
to ~middotuthorize ~nd cnsur the signtture by his
Gcverrwunt cnd the Imperil-I Gcnerrl Herdqucrters
of the necessmiddot ry terris for crrry1ng out the
provisions of the fotsdc Deel rr tion Eis
r jesty is bull lso repf red to issue his coonrmiddotnds
to r-11 the nilitrry nmiddotvcl rnd middotir uthorities
of Jltpn degnd ell th forces uncicr thtiir control
vherever loc tcd to cs~ se ctive opertions to
surrender -rllS rnd to issue such other orders
s rny b required b the 5urrma Conrl nder of
the lli(d Feroes for th~ execution of th
bull bove-ncntioncd tcrls
1capt lr th- r~newtd rssurrnces of my
hiFhest consictertion
Grrssli Chrrge d middotrrires middotrd interim
of SWitzerlr nd
1r ~x Grssli Chmiddot rge abull rr~ ires middot d InteriL~ or
3yeni tzerlr nd
- 10 shy
A~TJIl TC J -2
JlJDG E-T
HTmmiddotmICITAL )III~RY TRIBUNtL FCR TH FAR EAST
e acting b command of and in behalf of the
ELlperor cf Jaran the Japanese ~overnment en~ the
Ja~anese Imperial General Feadouarters hereby
accept the provisions set forth in the declaretioc
issued by the heads or the Governments of the TTnited
States C ine end Great flritain on 26 July 1945 at
rotsdeo and subsequently adhered to b) the Union
of Soviet Socialist Re~ublics which four powers
ere hereafter referred to as the Allied ~ewers
e hereby proclain the unconditional surrender
to tte Jllied rowers of the Jarenese Imperial General
Heacq_uarters end of all anenese armed forces and
ell arMed forces under Jaanese control wherever
situated
e hereby collllend all Japanese foroes wherever
situated and the Je~epese people to cease hostilities
forthwith t(l preserve enc save fror- daoate ell
ships Eircreft and Eilitery ahd civil property
end to ccMply with all requirecents which may be
irroosed bmiddot the Supreme Cotlllenltler for the Allied
Powers or by agencies of the Jaranese Government at
his direction
middote hereby collllanc the Japanese rr~erial General
Peodquarters to issue at once orders to the Comshy
manders of ell Jaenese forces end all forces under
- 11 shy
middotJaanese control vherever situated to surrender
unconditionslly themselves and all forces under
their control
e hereby corllland all civil military end naval
officials to obey end enforce all proclsmetions
orders end directives deerued by the Supreme Comshy
mender for the Allied ~ewers to be proper to
effectuate this surrender end issued bmiddot hio or under
his authority and~~ direct all such officials to
re~~in at their posts end to continue to perform
their non-combatant duties unless specifically
relieved by hi1 er under his author ty
middotmiddote hereby undertaYe for the ELperor the
JaTienese Government end their successors to carry
out the provisions of the otsdan Declaration in
~cod feith end to issue whatever orders and teke
whatever action nay be rerured bl the Suprene
Corllonder for tte Allied rowers or by ony other
designated rspres~ntative of the tllied ~ewers for
tlie ~-urose or riving effect to that Decl1ration
e hcrebi corlland the Japenese Inerial
rovernrent ond the Japanese ImTierial General headshy
quarters et once to liberate all allied prisoners
of Mr end civilisn internees now under Japanese
control end to provide for their ~rotection cere
lillintenence and illllediete trans)ortrtion to places
es directed
~he euthority of ths m~eror and the Japanese
Government to rule the state shall be subject to
th~ 8upreme Colllllcnder for ths Allied Powers who will
tike auch steps as he deems proper to effectuate
- 12 shy
these terms or surrender
51gned et TokO Bsmiddot Janen at 0904 on the
Second dry of September 1945
By Command find In b6 alf of the Emnoror of Japan end the Jepanese Gov3rnment
Ycshirro Umezully Cornrnd endn behe lf of the JAFtnese lnperitl Genersl Hecduerters
fcCftod ct Tytyo E~ Te pan Et 0908 on the
~eccnd dry of lt1ertairbor 1945 for the ttnited Stctes
Reublio of Chine United fingdoP1 rnd the Union of
Soviet kci~list Republics e-nd in the interests of
the other Tnited Nrtions rt lier with Jopcn
C l NiMit z Unlted St~tes Representtive
Hsu Yung-ChFnll
Bruce Fr-ser United Kinqcon JepresentEtive
lieuten~nt renerrl K Derevyrnko Union of ~ovlet Soolrllst RepublicsRepresent~tive
T bull Blrmy Corimiddotcnwer-lth of fustrlic RepreBEnhtive
I bull toore Cos lr ne DoMinlcn cf eenfdf lepresentctrve
le Chrc ~rovl~icnsl Gov~rnment of the French Republic qerrescnt~tive
- lJ shy
C ~ 1 Helfrich flngdom of the ~c~hcrlmiddotncs Reprsent~tive
Ltonmiddotrd middot Isittmiddot Doninion of Pew Zcmiddotlmiddotnd Rcnrcsentctive
~ccptin the terms set forth in tho De~l r shy
tion issued br the heds of the Goverll1lcnts of the
1Jni tcd st tes Grert Eritcin ind Lhin on July 26
1945 r-t otsdru nd subsequently ~dhered to by the
Union of ~oviet Soci list Re~ublics I hva commnde4
the lmiddot J nose Irperil Governm-nt ~nd the J1p~ nese
lllperi l Gener~ 1 He dqu~rter13 to sign on my behlf
the instrument of surrender presented by the Supreme
ColDlmiddot nder for the llied owsrs 7nd to issue Generfl
Orders to the lil1trry bullnd IIbullvbulll forces in cccordrnclt
with the direction of the Supr5lilC Comm ndw- for the
llied Fowers I co=rnd rll my people forthwith to
cerse hostilities to lbully down their irms nd fbullithshy
fullr to c~rry out middot11 the provisions of the instrushy
rent of surrcndor middotnd th Generrl Orders issued by
the ry~ nese Im~erirl C-encrbull 1 lier dqu~ rters thereunde
- 14 shy
JNNEX NO J-3
JUDGMENT
INTLRNATIONAL MILITRY TRIBUNJ FOR THE FAR EA-
MOSCOV CONFERENCE AGREE-ENT
The Forei rn Ministers of the Union If Soviet
Scicl1st Republics the United Kinrdom and ~e United Stetes of ncricn met in Moscow frrr December
16 to December 26 1945 in ncc0rd with the
decision of the Crimea Conference poundOnf1rmed nt t~
Berlin C0nference thet there shuld be er ind ic conshy
sultnt11ll between them At the meetinfs of the 3
Foreign Ministers discussions took plnce on nn
informnl nnd erlorntory bnsis r-nd crrecmrnt wns
renched on the follow1np questions bull
bullbullibullbull
i The Supreme Commnltkr shdl 1ssuc nll
Orders for the inplmiddotmcntati ln of the Terms of
SurrendEr the Occupatigtns end control of J~)~n
nnd Dirc-ctives supplercmiddotntnry thereto In middotoll cases
action will be cnrricd cgtut uncer me throurh the
Supreme Commender who is the s0le Excmiddotcutive ruth0rity
for the Allied Povers in Joprn He 1ill consult nnd
id vise vii th the Council in ndvnnce of thc is sunnce
gtf Orders on mnttcrs of substance the rxirencies
of the situation permittinr his decisions upon
these octtcrs shall be controllinr
middot
- 15 shy
mrtJC T( -4
Jl JYl TJ-1T
=rcr middotr ircr middotmiddotmiddotmiddot1rr~r
JTltlISP~T ( 11 1 TCI IIIT1Y TRI~UNL
FOR CU~ FR ~ST
ViHlES the United Ltetes end the Netions
allied therewith in orposing the illegal wars of
aggression of the middotxis fJetions have froll time to
tine made declarations cf their intentions that
war crininals should be brought to justice
17 middot the Governnents of the middot111ed -ewers
et war with Japan en the 26th July 1945 at ~otsdam
declared as one of the terns of surrender that
middotstern Sustice shall be meted out to all Yer crimshy
inals including those who hove visited cruelties
upon our ~risoners
F~ middot b~middot the Instrument of Surrender of
Tenen eirecuted et ollt~middoto lay Jaran on the 2nd
lterter1er 1945 the signatories for Tapan by
colnllenc of and n behalf of the un~a~or enc the
re~anese Government accented the terms set forth
in such Declaration at otsddm
FE1 middot by such Instrument of Surrender the
authority of tle Srnperor and the Ja~ anese Government
to rule the etate of middotr_aen is made subject to the
Suprene Cv~bullbuller for the bull-llied owers who is
suthorized to take such steps as he deems proper
tc- effectuate the terms of surrender
- 16 shy
HEREbull 5 the undersigned has been designated by
the lied overs as Suprelle Colltander for the
llied ~obullers to carry into effect the general
surrender of the Japanese arned forces
middotmiddot~middot S the Governments of the United States
Great lri tain -nd russia at the middotoscoy Conference
26th Decer1ber 1945 having considcrei the effectushy
ation by Jaan of the Teris of surrender with tte
concurrence of China have agreed thet the Supreme
ColMander shall issue all Crders for the implamenshy
tetion of the Terns ot Surrender
rC1middot11 THffSFORl I Douglas Hae rthur BS
Supreme Co~mender for the llied rowers by virtue
of the authority so conferred upon ne in order to
imlement the Term of Surrender which requires the
meting out of stern justice to war criminals do
order and provide as follows
RTICl~ 1 There shall be established en
International 1-ilitery Tribunal for the Far est
for the trial of those persons charged individually
o~ es members of oranizations or in both capacishy
ties yith Qffenses which include crimes against
peace
middotR~ICI~ 2 The Constitution jurisdiction and
functions of this Tribunal are those set forth in
the Ghnter of the International lilitiry Tribunal
for thpound ~er Vest a~~roved by mo this day
middot~~JCI~middot3 Nothing in this Order shell
prejudice theJurisdiction of any other internatione
netlonel or occuretion court conriission or other
tribunal established or to be established in Japan
bull 17
or in any territory or a United Nation with Which
Jann has been at war for the trial or war
criminols
Given under my hand et Tokyo this 19th dey
of January 1946
be bullt Iso RTHUR Gontrol of the rmy United State$ rmySupreme Commender for the llied Powers
bull
- 18 shy
ArJllEX NO bull A-5
JODGMBIU
CHARTER
OF THE HJJill~ATICNH lILITARY TRIBUNAL FCR T~o FPR EAST
SECTICI~ I
COSITlJICN CF TRIBU1~~L
ARTICIE 1 middotTribunal Established The Intershy
national Yilitary Tribunal for the Far East is hereshy
by established for the just ano prompt trial and
punishment of the major war criminals in the Far
East The permanent seat of the Tribunal is in
Tokyo
4ITIC1E 2 embers The Tribunal ehall c 0
onsistmiddot
of not less than six ne~bers ruir ncre than eleven
members appointed by the Supreme Commander for the
Allied ~ewers from the names submitted by the Signashy
tories to the Instrument of qurrender India and
Phe Commonwealth of the Philippines
AlTICLE 3 Officers and Secretariat
a President The Supreme Commander for
the lllied Powers Shall appoint a Member to be
President of the Tribunal
b Secretariat
(1) The Secretariat ot the Tribunal
shall be composed o~ a General
Secretary to be appointed by the
Supreme Commander tor tle llied
Powers end such assistant seersshy
bull 19 bull
tariee clerks interpreters erd
other personnel as may be necesshy
sary
(2) The General Secretary shall organshy
ize and direct the work of the
Secretariat
()) The Secreteriet shell receive ell
documents addressed to the
Tribunal maintain the records or
the Tribunal provide necessary
clerical services to the Tribunal
end its members and perform such
other duties as may be designated
by the Tribunal
JRTICL 4 Convening and uorum Votinl1 1 and
bsence
a Convening and luorum When as many as
six members or the Tribunal are present they may
convene the Tribunal in formel session The
presence ore majority or ell members shall be
necessary to constitute e quorum
b Voting All decisions end judgments
of this ~rlbunel including convictions an~ sentenshy
ces shall be by a maJorit7 vote or those members
or the Tribunal present rn case the votes are
evenly divided the vote or the ~resident shall be
decisive
c Abseaoe Ir a member et any time is
absent a~d afterwards ls able to be ~resent he
shall take part in ell subsequent proceeding~
unless he declares 1n open court that he is disbull
- 20 bull
quelitied by reeson of insutticient middottsriiliarity with
the proceedings which took place in his absence
SllCJICN II
Jll~ISDICTINT HD Gll1-~AL ~OVISIOTS
ltRTICIE 5 Jurisdiction Cver ersons end
Offenses The ~r1bunel shall heve the power to try
and runis~ Fer e~tern wer cri~inals who es indivshy
iduals or as members of orranizetions ere charged
with offenses which Lclude Criries against Peace
Tbeefol_lovinr acts or eny of them are crimes
coni~e within the jurisdiction of the ~ribunel for
which there shall be individual responsibility
a Criries against Peace Namely the
planning ~reparation ni_iation or waging of a
declereo or undeclared var of aggression or a war
in violation of intern~tionul lew trerties agreeshy
ments or ossurpoundnces or perticipction in o common
plr n or cc nspirr cy for the occon91iehment of lny of
the foregoing
6 Conventionel ~r ~rires Nenely
vioLtions ot the lrws or custocs of wer
c CriJ11es rrrinst -uw nity Nrmely
curdor extcrmintion enslvcment deportrtion
nd other inhum-ne ~cts committed before or during
the w~r or pereeoutions on politicrl or rtciEl
grounds in execution ot or in connection with my
crime ~ithin the urisdiction of the Tribunrl
whether er not in violbulltion of the domestic 1w of
the country -here perp1tr( ted Le~dcrs orgnizers
lnstig~tors middot nd rccomplices prrticipbull ting in the
- 21 shy
tormuletion or executiomiddotn of a common plan or conshy
spiracy to commit any otmiddotthe foregoing crimes ere
responsible tor eil acts performed by any person
in execution or such plan
RTICL~ 6 Responsibility of Accuse~ Neither
the official position at any time of en ecc~sed 1 nor the feet that an accused acted pursuant to order
of his government or ot a superior shall of itself
be sutficient to free such accused from responsibil shy
ity tor any crime with whi~b he is charged but euch
circumstances may be considered in mitigation of ___
punishment it the Tribunal determines that jus~ioe
so requires
ARTICLE 7 Rules of Procedure The Tribunal
may draft and amend rules of procedure consistent
with the fundamental provisions of this Charter
AR~TCLE 8 Counsel
e Chief of middotcounsel The Chief of Counsel
desieneted by the Supreme Commender tor the Allie4
Powers is responsible for the investigation end
prosecution of charges against war criminals within
the jurisdictionmiddot of this Tribunal and will render
sue~ legal assistance to the Supreme Commander es
is appropriate
b Associate Counsel Any United Netion
with which Japan has been et war may appoint en
~ssociate Counsel to assist the Chief of ~ouneel
SECTICN III
FAIR TRIAL FO~ ACCUSED
ARTICLE 9 Procedure for Feit Trial In order
- 22 shy
t~ nsure fair trial fo~ the accused the following
procedure stell be followed
a Indictment The indictment shell
consist of a plein concise and adequate statement
of each offense charged Each accused shall be
furnished in adequate time for defense a copy of
the indictment including ~ny amendment end of this
Charter in a larguage understood by the accused
b Language The trial and related proshy
ceedings shell be conducted in Eglish and in the
laniuage of the accused Translations of documents
and other papers shall be provided as needed and
requested
c Couns~l for Accused taph accused
shall have the right to be represented by counsel
of his own selection subject to the disapproval
of such counsel at any tifle by the Tribunal The
eccused shall file with the General Secretrry of
the ~ribunal the name of his counsel If an accused
is not represented by counsel and in open court
requests tJe Blbullpointment of counsel the Tribunal
shall designate counsel for him In the absence
of such request the Tribunampl may appoint counsel
for an accused if in its judgment such appointment
is necessery to provide fer a fair trial
d Evidence for Defense An accused
shall have the right through himself or throurmiddoth
his counsel (but not through both) to conduct his defense inclbulliding the right to examine any witness
subject to such reasonable restrictions as the
Tribunal may deterMine
- 23 shy
e Production of ~vidence for the
Defense An accused may ap~ly in writing to the
Tribunal formiddot the Tgtroduction rf witnesses or of
documents The anplication shall state where the
witness or document is thou~ht to be looated It
shall also state the facts nroposed to be proved
by the witness or the document and the relevancy
of such facts to the defense If the ~ritunal
grants the a~plication the Tribunal shall be given
such al d in obtaining nroduction of the evidencemiddot
as the circumstances reouire
ARTICLE 10 Applicetions end Hotions before
Trial All motions epplicatioqs or other requests
addressed to the Tribunal prior to the commencement
of trial shall be made in writing end filed with
the General Secretary of the Tribunal for action
by the Tribunal
S11CTICN IV
J(1RS 0F JRIBTPI ~~D COTDTTCT CF TRIAL
AR~ICLll 11 ~ The Tribunal shall have
the newer
a To summon witnesses to the trial to
require ther to attend and testify and to question
them
b To interrogate each accused and to
~ermit comment on his refusal to answer any question
o To require the production of documents
end other evidentiary material
d To require of each witness ampn oath
affirmation or such declaration ea is customary in
- 24 shy
the country of the witness end to adminiter oaths
e To appoint officers for the carrying
out of any task designated by the lribunal includshy
lng the Ower to Jave evidence taken on corunissicn
AR~ICIE 12 Conduct of Trial The mribunel
shall
a Confine the trial strictly to en
expeditious hearin of the issues raised by the
charges
b Take strict measures tQ prevent en7
action which would cause any unreasonable delay and
rule out irrelevant issues end statements of any
kind whatsoever
c ~rovide for the maintenance of order
at the trial end deal summarily with any contumacy
imposing eppropriete runishment including exclushn
of any accused or ~is cou~sel f~om some or all
further proceedings but without rrejudice to the
deterninPtion of the charges
d Dctcrminamp the mental snd physicel
ccp9city cf en7 accused to riroceed to trial
f8J1E 13 ~vidcnce
e Adgt1issibilitv The Tribunal shell not
be bound bv techniccl rules of evidence It shall
rdopt ~nd ~ply to the gre~test possible extent
expeditious end non-trchnic1 procedure middotnd shr11
dmit ~ny evidence which it deems to hve proktive
vrlue All rur1orted dmissions or stctemcnts of middot
the Cousod re cimissible
b RelGv~ nee Th Tri bun_l m7 r_oquire
to be informed of tho m turc of - ny evidence before
- 25 shy
1t is otteredmiddot-111 order to rule ut1on the relev1 rice
c Specific evidence Pdclssible In
prrticulir ~r~ without limiting in middotny wmiddotmiddoty the
scope ot tbe foreroing gonerrl rules the tolhwing
ovidonce m~y be rdmittcd
(1) A document rcgbullmiddotrdlcss of its
security cl~ssitic~tion nd
without root of its issumiddotnce or
sign~ture which l6~rs to th
Tribunrl to h~ve beonsigntd or
issued by bullny officer dop rtraent
ltgcncy or mtnbcr of thi bullrmed
forces ot rny goverruncnt
(2) A -lt~middott t cl pc(rs to the
Tribun-1 to hrvo bean signed or
issued by tho InternPtiondegl Rod
Cross or r member thcreot or
by r doctor of medicino or n7
medicrl sGrvice personnel or by
rn investlg-tor or intollige~co
officer or by ~ny other person
who middotppers to the Tribunrl to
hrvc nersonPl knowledge ot tha
llltters continod in tho r port
J) An eftidavit deposition or other
signed statement
(4) A diary letter or other document
including sworn or unsworu steteshy
ments-which appear to the Tribushy
nal to contain inforlll8tion relat shy
ing to the chmiddotarge
- 26 shy
(5) A copy of e document of lther
seclnch1ry Evidence lr its contents
if the oripin~l is not immediately
nvPileble
d JudiciPl Not~ce The Tribunal shall
neither require prof of rccts or common knewledpe
nor or the authenticity of ~rricial ~~vernment
~ocuocnts and reports or rny nation or or the proshy
cecdins records end findinrs or militnrymiddot or other
arencies or rny er the United Nations
e Records Exhibits llld Documents The
transcript or the procecdinps rnd exhibits end
documents submitted to theTribun~l will be filed
with the General Stcretary ormiddotthc Tribunal end will
constitute plrt or the Record
RTICLE 14 PlPee or Triel The first trial
will be held at Tokyo end eny subsequent tria~s
~111 be held et such rleces a$ the Tribunnl decides bull
poundIlTICLE 15 Course of Trial Proceedings The
-proceedinfs et tho Trial will take the fcllowing
C1JUISel
a The indictoent will be read in court
unless the roadinf is waived by all accused
b The Tribunalmiddot will ask each accused-
llhothtr he pleads ruilty er not ruilty
c The prosecution and each accused (by
counsel only 1 represented) ~ay ~ake a cmcise
opining stotencnt
d The prosecution ond defense may ofter
evidence nnd the admissibility or the same shall be
dpoundtermined by the Tribune~
- 27 shy
e The rrosecution end each accused bf
coun~el only if represented) JTl8Y examine each
witness and each accused who elves testimony
r ccused (by counsel only if represhy
sented) MSY address the Tribunal
g Tho prosecution may address the
Tribunal
h The Tribunal will deliver Judgment
and pronounce sentence
SECTICm V
JUOOI1INT ~TD 3a~~CE
RTICLE 16 Penolty Tho Tribunal shall have
the ower to im2ose upon an accused on conviction
death or such other ~unisrunent as shall be detershy
runod by it to be just
RTICI~ 17 Judgment end Review The Judgment
willmiddotbo onnounced in open court end will give the
reesons on which it is based The r~cord of the
triampl will be transmitt~d directly to the Supreme
Collllander for tho llied ewers for his action_
Sentence will be carried out in accordance with the
Order 9f the Supreme Commender for the llie_d Powqe
who mBy et ony time reduce or otherwise elter the
sentence except to increase ts severity bull
By comm1cnd or GenErl UooRTliUR
RICH1RD J MiREHLL llljor GEnerrl General-Steff cmiddotorpe
Chief of Steff
OFFICIL
s Bl Fitch B l FITCH
Brigrdior Cenorel 1 GD middot djutrnt General
28 bull
ANNEX NO A-6
JUDGMENT
WTIWATirNAL mIITAtv TRIBUNAL FOR THE PAR EAST
INDICT1NT
THf llTTlD STNJES CF AERICA TtE REPUBLIC OF CHINA
THE T~TIID YINGDO CF qEftT BRITAnr AND UCRTHERN
I~EI~D Tl-TE rmrorr CF SOVIET fCCIAUST R)lPT1J3LICS~
TFli COl~C1llUTF OF ~USTRAUA CArADA THE REgtUBLIC
OF fRAlTCE ii KIYGDrl 01 THE NETHERLAlDS NEW
ZlALAm nDI A AND Tl-~ COlJONWEALllI CF liE
PFILirgtn~s
bullAGAINST shy
A~AKI Sedao DCFIARA Kenji liASHDlOTC _Kingoro
FfTA Sunroku FIRANUMA K11chiro HIROTA Koki
HCSRnro Naciki ITGAKIbull Seishiro l7AYA Okinori
KIDO Koichi KDURA Eeitaro rcrsc Kuniaki
~~fTST1I _Iwene lATSTJCPA Yosuke MDTflI middot Jiro
HOTO llkire NAGAPO Osemi CKA Takasumi OKllllA
Shume1 OJlnfA Hiroshi S-TO Ienryo ffiIGlITSU
Memoru SPnrnA Shiretaro SP-IRATORI Tosh1o
~TZJ~I Teiichi TrGC Shigenori TCJO Hideki
UEZU Yoshijiro
Defendants
INDICJ1Ell
In the years hereinafter refe~red to in thie
Indictment the internal and foreign policies middotor JapaL
were dominated ane directed by a cr~inal militarshy
istic clique and such policies were the cause of
serious world troubles aggressive wars end great
- 29 shy
damage to the interests of reace-loving peoples es
well as the interests of the 1apanese peo1e themshy
selves
~he ampind of the Jananese people wes systematicshy
ally poisoned with harmful ideas of the alleged
raciel superiority of ~aran over other peopls of
Asia and even of the whole world Such parllamentarl
institutions es existed in Japan were used as impleshy
ments for widespread aggression and a system similat
to those tren established by Hitler and the Nazi
party in Germany and by the Faicst party in Italy
was introduced The economic and financial resourtef
of lapan were tc a large extent riobillzed for war
a lJiis to the detrinent of the velfare of the Japanespound
pao~le
A conspiracy between the defencants joined in
br the rulers of othr aggressive countries naLely
Tazi Germany anc Fascist Italy as entered into
The rmiddotain objects of tis consiiracy vmiddotas to secure
the dominetion and exrloltation br the aggressive
States of the rest of tte world end to this end
to collllit or encourage the co~mission of crires
against peace war crimes end criries against humanshy
ity as defined in the Charter of this Tribunal thus
threatening end in~uring the basic principles of
liberty end respect fer the hunen personality
In the _rrorotion end accor1plishment of that
achene t~ese defendants taking advantege of their
power and their official positions and their own
personal ~restige and influence intended to and
did plan prepare initiate er vege aggressive ver
- JObull
against the United States of America the Republic
of China the United Kingdoll of Great Pimiddotaain ampnd
trorthern Irelend the 1Tnion of Soviet 50cialist
Republics the Cort1rtonwea 1th of Australia Canada
the Renublc of France the Yingcom of tre Nethershy
lends Pew Zealenc India tte CoJ11onwea 1th of the
Philippines end other reaceful nations in vioetion
of international law es well as in violetion ol
sacred treat- cotJni tme_nts obligetlons and assurshy
ances such plan ccnteu~leted end carried out th~
vibhtion of recognized custoras end conventions of
war b murder in~ niaiming anlt ill-treating prisoners
of war civilian internees end persons OL the high
sees denyine theM edequate food shelter clothing
medicsmiddotl cere or other alrroprifte attention
forcing them to labour under inhwane conditions
end subjecting thera to indignities exploit to
Japans benefit the llenpower snd economic resources
of the vanquished netions plundering public end
private ))ropert1- wantonly destroying cit tms
end villPges beyond eny justification of m1~~tery
neceesity nerretrate mess murder rape pillege
brigEndage torture ampnd other barbaric cruelties
uron the helpless civiliun populetion of the overshy
run countries increampse tre influence and control
of the- mil1t1Jr nnd navel grours over Jepcnese
government offic lels Fnd egencies psyl)hologicelly
prepare Japan-se public opinion for argressive warshy
fare by establishing so-celled ~ssistcnce Societies
teaching netionelistic policies of expansion disshy
seminetinr w~r proprgende end exercising strict
- Jl shy
control over the press rnd redio set up puppet
governuents in conuered countries conclude rlilit-ry
aliicnces with Germn~middot rnd Itrl to enhnce by
military 1ight Jfnrn s progrtrime of expansion
Therefore the cbove nr-ned N2ticns ty their
undersicned representntives ~uly cppoi~ted to
renresent their respective Gover=ents in the invesshy
tigction of the chorges cgcinst end the prosecution
of the middotIe-jor We r Criminrls iiursuent to the Potsdm
Decl~rton of the 20th Jul 1945 end the Instrushy
ment of Surr-rnder of thE 2nd Septerober 1945 0nd
the Chrrter of the Tri bun 1 hereby 0 ccuse cs guilty
in the respects hsrein~fter set forth of Crimes
igcinst Oeece 1rr Grines rmiddotnd Criries gninst wn1mshy
ity ond of rommon Pl1-bullns or Conspircies to collJlit
these Crimes 211 cs defined in the Ch~rter of the
Tribuml end rccordingly n~me rs Defendnts in this
cruse end cs indicted on the Counts hersin1middotfter set
out in which their n-middotns respectively qipe( r ~11
the [bove-n_med individurls
GRCUP NI CRI89 AGAIST FE CE
The following counts charge Crimes against
Feece being Pcts for which it is charged that the
persons naned and each of trem are indivi~ually
resnonsible in accordance with Article 5 and particshy
ularly frticle 5(a) and (b) of the Charter of the
International ilitary Tribunal for the Far East
and in accordance with International Law or either
of them
- J2 bull
CotTNI 1
P11 the DefendMts together ~1th divers other
persons between the let January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
Axecution of a common rlan or conspirac~ and are
resnonsible for all acts performed by themselves
or br anr )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such ~lan or ccnsniraci was that
Japan should secure the military naval poll ti cal
and economic dorinetion of East bullsia and of the
Pacific and Inaian Oceans and of all countries and
islands therein end bordering thereon and for that
nurpose slould alone or in combination with other
ccuntries hevinf sillilar objectii or who could be
indicecl or coerced to foin therein wage declared
or undeclared wer or wars of aggression and war or
wars middotin violetion of international lew treaties
agreements and assurances ega~nst eny country or
countries which might oppose that ~urpose
The whole of the ~articulars in Appendix A
of the Treaty Jrticles in Appendix B end of the
ssurances in bullppendix C relate to this Count
CCUNT 2
~11 the Defendants toqether with divers other
persons between the 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or eccomrlices in tbe formulation er
execution of a cormiddotUlOn 1an or conspiracy and are
resgtonsi ble for ell acts perforr1ed by themEelves or
by an3middot person ln execution of such plan
- 33 shy
The object of such_pian or conspiracy wes that
laren should ascure the military navel political
end economicmiddot dominction of the rovinces of Lieoning
Kirin Heilunpkieng end lehol bein~ perts of the
Re)ublic cf Chine either directl~ or by establishshy
ing a separate state under the control of Jenen
end for that rurpoae should wage declared or undeshy
clared war or wars of aggression end war or wars
in violation of internationai law treaties agreeshy
ments and assurances against the Republic of China
The whole of the Particulors in ~ppendix 1
the following rrreaty rticles in lpendix P Nos 1
to 6 inclusive 8 to 14 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive
32 to 35 inclusive and tlie following ssurances in
~ppendix C Nos 1 to 8 inclusive relate to this
Count
cmrr-1] 3
All the Defendants together with divers other
oersons betveen tbe 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 particpeted as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a corimon ilan or consbull~racy Fnd are
resionsible for all acts perfoned bi ttemselves or
b1 inymiddot )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or conspirscy wes that
Japan should ~ecure the military navel political
and economic doffiinetion of tha Reutlic of Chins
either directly or by estblishingmiddot separate state
or stctes under the control of Japcn Pnc for thct
~urpose shoulc wage declared or unceclared wrr or
- 34 shy
wars of age-ression end wer or vars in violation
of international law treaties agreements and
assurances agein~t the Rerublic of China
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix l end the sane Treaty rticles and ssurances as in Count
2 relate to this Count
CCTJNT 4
11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons betwemiddoten tle stmiddot Zanuory 1928 and the 2nd
Senterrber 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instieotors or eccomrlices in the formulation or
execution of a comrion lan or cons1gtiracy ind ere
resnonsible for ell sets performed by themselves or
b any person in execution of such plin
The object cf such plan or ccns~iracy was that
Jenan should secure the 11ili tary nuvel political
and economic do11nation of East sia and of the
Facific ond Indian Oceans tnd of ell countries end
islands therein or borderinpound thereon end for thet
purrose should alone or in coabim tion with other
countries bovine sniler objects or who could be
induced or coerced to Join therein wage declared or
undeclered wer or we-rs of aggression and wer or
wars in violPtion of internationhl la~ treaties
egreerents )nd assuu-nces egt-instmiddot the Pnited Strtes
of neric11 tre British Conmonwealth of Nutions
(which expression ~herever used in this Indictment
inoludes the UnitedKingdom of Greot Britsin end
Northern Ire lend the Commonweel th of bullustrelil
CFOds Jew ZePlond South ifiicE India Burma thbull
- 35 shy
I~P lay States end all other narts of the Eri tish
Erpire not serarately represented in the League of
Nations) the Republic of France the lingdom of
the letherlends tre Republic of China the Republic
of Portueel the Kingdom of ~hailand the Cororronshy
wea 1th of the Philippines ana tle tTnion of Soviet
Socialist Reublics or such er them as might oppose
trat ptlIJOOSB
Tle whole of the Particulars in Aopendix A
end of the ~reaty Articles in A9pendix P and of the
Assurances in Appendix C relete to this Count
CCUtT 5
~11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons beteen tJie 1st lanuer 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 rarticipated es leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a conunon plan or conspiracy and are
responsible for all acts performed by themselves or
by an person in execution of such plan
The ob1ect of such plan or conspirec was that
Germany Italy end apan should secure the military
navalmiddot politicalend economic doriination of the
whole world each having special domination in its
own sphere the sphere of Japan covering East tisie
the Pacific and Indien Oceans and all countries end
islands therein or bordering thereon end for that
nurnose should mutually assist one another to wage
declared or undeclared war or wars of aggression
and war or wars in violation of international law
treaties a~reelents end assurances against any
countries which might o~~ose thet ~~rpose and parshy
ticularly against the United States of America the
British Comraonwealth of Nations the Renublic of
France the 1ingdcm of the Netherlands the Republic
of Uhina the Republic cf Portugal the Kingdom of
Thailand the Commonwealth of the Philippines end
the Union of Soviet Socialist Renublics
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix A and
of the Treaty ~rticles in lppendix 1 and of the
Assurances in ppendiz C relate to this Count
CCUNT 6
hll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928middot
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression end a war in violrtion of intershy
national law treaties agreSlents andassurances
against the Renublic of China
The followingSections of the Particulars in
lppendiz rros l to 6 inclusive end the same
Treaty rticles and Assurances as in Count 2 relate
to this Count
COTThT 7
lll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression and a war in violation of intershy
national law treaties agreements end assurences
against the United States of rmerica
The followine middotsections of the Particulars in
1ppendiz middot Nos 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10_ tle folJowshy
ing Treaty ~rticles in Appendix B Nos l to 10
bull 3T bull
inclusive 17 to 19 inclusive 22 to )5 inclusive
end 37 and the whole of the f surences in ppendix
C relate to this Count
CCUNT 8
Ill the Defendants between the 1st Jenury
1928 end the 2nd September 1945 planned and preshy
pared a wer of aggression end e war in viohtion of
international law treaties agreements end assurshy
ances epeinst the lTnited lingdom of ltlreet Britein
end Northern I~elend enc ell rerts of the British
CommonwePlth of Nations not the subject of separate
counts in this Indictment
The following Sections of the ~erticulors in
lpehdix middotbull N~ J 4 5 6 7 9 End 10 nd tbe
fcllowine Trepoundty 1rticles in ppendix B Nos 1 2
5 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive 32 to
)5 inclusive 37 and J8 and the whole of the
bullseuronces in 0pendix C relate to this Count
C(ITJT 9
All the Defendentsmiddotbetween the 1st January
1928 fnd the 2nd September 1945 plEnned end preshy
prred e war of eggression Ende war in violcticn of
internntion~l low treaties egreements anQ assurshy
ences geinst the Cor1nonveilth of ustralie
The sene Sectiofts of the Portioul~rs in
ppendix rnd the some Trety middotrticles poundgtnd ssurshy
~noes rs in Count 8 relrte to this Count
- JS shy
COTHT 10 bull
middot11 tl-J e Defencrrts between the 1st Jonu~ry 192
end tbe 2nd Seutember 1945 plnned cnd prepmiddotred e
wFr of nRression ~nd WPr in vlolbulltion of intershy
nctionamiddot1 l~w tre 0 tics rgreeuents rnd essurampnC6S
cpPinst Rew 7eelrnd
The s~le Cections of the ~rticulirs in ~ppudi
Z end the SEmiddotme Trety rticles end )ssurrnces fS i1
Count 8 relcte to this Count
CCTT 11
111 the Delend~nts beteen the 1st J1middotnurgtry 1921
rnd the 2nd Se~tcober 1945 plnned and prepcred
war of oegression ~nd c wrr in viot~iion of intershy
ntioIel lr-w treeties rgreenents rnd essuronce
rgoinst c~nd3
The srme Sections of the ~rrticulfrs nprendi
middot end the s~ne Trerty rticles nd ssur-nces- rs in
Count 8 relFte to this Count
CCITI 12
f11 tto Dcofendnts between tbe 1st i nury 92
ena tr e 2nc Sef)tenter 1945 ~lenned ~nd nrapired 8
wor of -egresson ind c Wr n viohtion of intershy
nrt~omiddotmiddot--1 lrmiddotw trampcties Fgreenents ~nd cssur~middotnces
against India
The ssroe Sections of the rarticu~ in ~ppendiJ
and the sar-e Treaty rticles end ssurarces as 1
Connt 8 relate to this Count
~ 39 shy
C()TJT 13
~11 the Defendants between the 1st JenuPry 192
and the 2nd September 1945 planned end nrepered a
war of aggression and a wer n violction of intershy
national law treaties agreenents end assurances
against the Corironwealth of tle rilirmiddotnines
The sane Sections of the ~artcul9rs in ppendil
and the ss~e Treaty ~rticles end tssurances as in
Count 7 relate to this Count
CCTTT 14
11 the Defendants between the 1st 1enuary 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 ~lenned aad prersred a
wer of aegression znd a wer in viclEtion of intershy
national law treet-ies egreeraents end assurauces
arainst the Kingdol of the ~TeterlEltnds
The following Sections cf the Particulars in
ppendix ~ 11os J 4 6 7 9 and 10 the follcwshy5 ing Treaty rticles in ppendix R Nos 1 to 5
inclusive 10 to 18 inclusive 20 22 to JO inclusivf
32 to 35 inclusive 37 a~d 38 end tte f ollovin~
sur~nces in ~-pendix C tlos 10 to 15 inclusive
relate to this Cou~t
CrTl 15
11 the Defendnts between t~e 1st January
1928 end tr e 2nc1 Se[lterber 1945 planned end
~repered a var of fression enc a wer in violeti_on
of internetional la~ treities aerreerents end
assurences agaicst the Rerublic of ~ranee
~te following Sections of the Particulors in
- 40 shy
ppeniix middot osbull 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 tre
folloving Treaty ~rticles in ipendix B Nos 1 to
5 inclusive 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to 30 inclusive
and 32 to 38 inplusive and the follobulling Assurmceio
in ppendix C os 14 and 15 relate to this Count
COTl 16
11 the Lefendants betveen tle 1st anuary
1928 and the 2nd Sentember 1945 1anned and preshy
rsrecl a war of afgression encl a buller in violation of
international lew treaties agreements and assurshy
ances apeinst tte Lingdcm of Theilend
The following Sections of the ~erticulers in
ppendix bull Nos 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 and
the followin Treaty middotrticles in middotpenCix B lJos
3 4 5 JO end 32 to 38 inclusi~~ ~elate to this
Ccunt
crHT 17
111 the Defendants between the 1st January
1928 and the 2nd September 1945 planned end rreshy
rered a wer of afgressl en and a r in viohtion of
international lav treaties i_reerents ond assurshy
ances qeinst t~ e ncn of Soviet ~ocialist
Renublics
Tre followinr Sections of the amprticulars n
bullnendix bull Nos 1 to 8 inclusive ancl the folluing
Jreety middotrtic] es Lmiddot lenclix B os 1 to 5 inclusive
10 to 18 inclusive 32 tc 35 inclisive 39 to 47
inclusive Pnd middotmiddotssurence Ho 13 in npendix C
relEte to this Count
- 41shy
CCF 18
middothe Defendents 1KI DCFIR RfSHIMOTO
I1 bullm1- bull IT bullotTI Kcrsc rJI I cKrt 11IGELITSU
TC10 and middot~rzu on qr ebout the lftth Septerber 1931
1nit1eted a wer of aggression and a warin violation
of internetionel law traaties egreeLen ts und
assurances egainst the Republic cf China
Rection 1 of the Terticulr in ppendix
ond the followinf Treety rticles in trpendix f3 ~cs 1 to 5 inclusive 11 to 14 inclusive 22 23
25 30 40 to 43 inclusive rehte to this Count
CC1t 19
The Dereridfnts CllI I lCFIRR p middotSPIClO
fTbull RIl~ll PI1CTmiddot EOSfHO IT~KI I1Y IGDO
HTqlJ TTT( SUZUKI TOJC ind UMEZU on or about
the 7th July 1937 initiated a ~er of aggression
rnd e wrr in viohtion of internc-tionel lrw tre~ties
Egreea~nts nd 2ssur2nces egtinst the Republic of
Chine
Section 2 of t~e ~rticulpoundrs in ~rpendix ~ the
same rety middotrticleuros rs in Colrnt 18 nd the folloving
tssur~nceuros in middotnnenrx C os 3 4 ~nd 5 rel-te
to this Count
err_ 20
he Defandmiddot rts DCPJ l PilTJl FrCTmiddot
FCll-fIPO ybullmiddotr I~IDlt ITIJRI lUTC ~GYO OK~
r~~ Smr siT111nr S~ZUI TC0C ~nd TC70 en or
bullbcut the 7th Dscecter 19Ll 1~itiatee ~frac12~r of
rg~r0se ion ~ rc ~- wltr in viol tlcl cf internt i_onc 1
- 42 shy
bull lew treeties middotrreenents end cssurnces grinst
the United Stltes of merice
Section 9 of the Terticulers in Pendix
the follow in~ Treatmiddot r~icles in npencix S ifos
1 to 9 inclusive~ 19 22 tQ JO inclusive )3 34 end
37 and the whole of the t~surances in 1ppendix C
relate to this Count
ccrn 21
The same Defend9nt~ es in Count 20 on or about
the 7th December 1941 initiated e var of aggression
an~ a wer in viol2tlcn of international law treatie~
agreellents en( assurances aga~nst the ~orllonvealth
cf tte Trili-pines
The sane Jart i_cbullilere Treat~middot frticles and
~ssurances 1s in Count 20 relate to this Count
CCIJT 22
The ssLe Defencl11ts as i- Coant 20 cn_ or about
tbe 7th Decelber J941 iitiated a var of aeressicn
ana a war in viol2tion of internat~unal las treatie~
agree1nents and assurances afainst tbe ritish
rcnnonwealth of Natcns
Section 9 cf tte Perticalr s in ppendix
thegt follovinf Treaty rticles in pnenciix B Nos
J to 5 inclusive 19 22 to JO ~nclusive 33 and 37
and the hole of the ~ssurences in rppendix C
relate to tr is Cobulltnt
Tte lefendsnts tlrI )CEIPmiddotq 1IPrmmiddotmiddot
- 4) shy
HIROTA HOSHINO ITICKI KIDO W TSUQKJ liUTI
NCJNO SHIClITSU end TOJO on 0r ebout the 22nd
Se~tember 19~0 initieted ewer of errression end
e ~Br in violetion of international lEw treetiFs
egreements end essurences efeinst the Re~ublio of
Frence bull
The seme Perticulers Treety Jrticles end
Ps~urences sin Count 15 relrte to this Count
CcUfilZh
The srne tefendants es In Count 2J on or Eboui
the 7th Decembfr 1941 initietec ewer of errression
and a ~Pr in violetion of internetione le~ treeties
egreements enc assurances e~einst the Kinrdom of
Theiland
Section 7 of the Particulars in A~pencix A end
the following Treety Jrticles in Appendix B Nos l
to 5 inclusive 33 34 36 37middotend 38 relete te
this Count
QOUNT 25
The Defendents ATJgtKI DOHIHJRA HJTA HihANUMA
HIROTA HOSHirO ITJCJII KIDO MATSUOKJ Mi TfUI
SHIGUITSU and SUZUKI curing July end August
1938 inititec ewer of Pffression end ewer in
violetion of internetional lautrerties egreements
enc es~urences by ettecking the Union of Soviet
Socielist Re~ublics in the eree of Lake Khasan
The serne Perticulers Trerty Articles end
Assurences es in Count 17 1 relate to this Count
- 44 shy
CCTTTlT 26
The Defendents middot-~YI )CHlli1U HT BIRcll
ITGU(I lIDC HIS lTiTTI lTSUCK 1 ~UT0 SUZUmiddotI
0GC TCJO end nnztr durin the summer cf 1939
initiated a war of sgrression and a vsr in violoticn
of international lev treeties agreements and
assurances by attacking the territory of the
J~npolian Peonlebulls Republic in the area of the
Kha1khin-Gol River
The same eirticulars Treaty rticles and
ssurcnces as in Ccunt 17 relate to this Count
C(TJT 27
11 the Defend5nts bet~een the lEth Septenber
1931 end the 2nd September 1945 waged a wer of
aggression 8nf a bullrr in viol~tion of intern~tionel
lew trecties fgreenents and assurances flfeinst the
Republic of Chine
The seme Perticulars Trety rticles snd
~ssurrnces ~sin Count 2 rel~te to this Count
C(T~T 28
11 tte Pefend~nts between the 7th July 1937
end the 2nd Setenber 1945 wared s wer of aggresshy
bullsion nc1 r ymiddotr in viol~tion of internctioncl ltw
trertilss egreerJGn ts end ssurnces rgiinst the
Re~ublic of Chine
The SfMe Perticulcrs Tre~ty rticles 8nd
ssurrnces -s in Cmiddotunt 2 relute ~o this Count
- 45 shy
CCUlT 29
ll the Defendents between the 7th DecElllber
1941 ~nd the 2nd September 1945 wnged 6 wrr of
rggression end c Mr in violation of intermtionel
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
United~tates of tmerica
The following Sections of the ~articulers in
pp end ix i1 os 4 middot to 10 inclusive and the sane
Treaty ~rticles and ~ssurences as in Count 20 relate
to this Count
COlP1 JO
Lll the Defendsnts between the 7th Decenber
1941 and the 2nd Spte~ber 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violetion of international
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
Corlllonweslth cf the ~hili~pines
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles and
1ssurances as in Count 29 relete to this Count
crrJl 31 middot
Ul the Defendrnts betveen the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd Se1Jtember 1945 waged a Viar of
apgression and a wer in violatiog of internationalbull
law treaties agreerents end assurances against
the Pritish Corinonviealth of Nations
~he followin~ Sections of the ~articulars in
Appendix J Nos 4 to 10 inclusive and the same
Treaty bullrticles end ssurances as in Count 22 relate
tc this Count
- 46 shy
CCTTJ 32
All tte Defendants between the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd September 1945 waged a 11r of
aggression and a war in violation of international
law trestles egreeuents end assurances agenst
tte Kingdom of tce lf1therlands
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles sne
rlssurances as in Count 14 relate to thisCount
CC 33
The nefendsnts tRTi 001smiddotnmiddot IRNUt
FIlCT~ FNFnH lTlYI YID0 ~TSTTCK IUTO
1GW0 SIG~I5 end TCJC en end after the 22nd
Septelber 1940 vaged a war of algressipn end a
war in vbullolltion of ~nternetional law treaties
arreenents end assurances against the Republic of
France
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles end
cssurances as in Count 15 relate to this Count
middot CCUNT 34
_11 tre Defendants between the 7tl Decemberbull
1941 and tbe 2nd September 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violttion of international
law treFties agreenents and assurances against
the lingdon of Treilend
middot Tte sene erticulers and Treaty rticles as
in Count 24 rBlete to t~is Ccunt
CCIDT 35 bull The smiddotme Defendants ss in Count 25 during th
- 47 shy
SWmer of 1938 waged a war of aggression and a war
in violation of international lew treoties agreeshy
nents an~ assurances against the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics
The same Particulars Treaty rticles end
lssurences es in Count 17 relte to this Count
CCUc 36
The seme Defendunts ss in Count 26 during the
surller of 1939 eged a Yer of aggression in violashy
middottion of intermticnfl lew treaties egreements poundmiddotnd
essurlnces egeinst the rmiddotonrolifn Peoples Republic
and the Union of Soviet Socielist Renublics
The SFMe Flrticulers Treaty lrticles end
ssurr-nces ts in Count 17 rele te to this Count
ltmCUlt TWO U1DEl
The following Counts chrrfe the crimes of
raurder enltl conspirecy to murder being ects for
wlich it is chi-reed thtt the persons nmed rnd ecch
of thim rre individully responsible being poundt the
seoe tine Crirnes cgcinst eoce Conventionil Wer
Orines ~nd Crimes poundguinst Humeni ty contnmiddotrJ to ell
the 1J-ragrrhs of rticle 5 of the s~id ChArter to
Internrtionmiddotl Lrw ~nc tc the middotaoL1estic lews of ell
the countries where cor-oi tted including Jrbullpr-n or
to one or ~ore of them
CCl 37
The Defendints DCPIF cl FTR 1JTnt FIRCT
- 48 shy
HCSFINC KAA I(ID0 lIlURA ~me tAGATC CYA
0SrA S~( iltJlADA SJZTTlG 00( end JCJC togethe
~ith divers other per~ons between the 1st iune
1940 and the 8t~ Decet1ber 1941 rarticipated es
leaders organizers insti~ators or accoLplices in
the formulation or execution of a corilon rlan or
consnirecy end are responsible for all acts pershy
formed b themselves or by any person in execution
of such plan
The object of amp4ch ~lan or conspiracy was unlewshy
full~middot to kill and murder the persons described
below by initiating unlegful hostilities against
the United States of bmerica the rorutonwealth of
the rhlippines the British Colraonwealth of Iletions
the Kingdom of the lfotherllnds nd the Kingdoa of
The llend sne unlewf111ly orcering causing end ershy
ciitqng the ermed forces o JaJen to attack the
territory ~ti-s ~nd eir1lenes of tbe said netions
er sore of tJierl et tiL1es when Japan vioulu be et yeece
vith the said cstons~
che r-erscns intenled to be lilled end rurdered
were eJl such rersons both members of the armed
forces of the seid nationsand civilians es might
te~nen to be in the places et the tues of such
attacks
The said hostilities end attacks were unlawful
bscause they ~ere breeches of Treaty Article 5 in
Anpendix B enf the accused enc the said armed forces
of Japan could not therefore acquire the rights of
lawful belligerents
The accused ~nc each of the~ intended that such
- 49 shy
hostilities stoulc be initiated in breach of such
Treaty ~rticle or were reckless vhether sucb Treaty
Article would be violoted or not
COTT JS
he Defendante DltHIFARA FIP~~1um nroT ~
V(l~I0 ~6t iITJC IlT~~ ATSUCKA fJTO r~GUO
CK~ (ltHD~ STC SHD~~DA suzrnI TOQO ond TOJO
to~ether with divers other ~ersons between t~s 1st
J1me 1940 and the 8th De~erruer 1941 partici)Jtted
as le6ders organizersmiddotinstgators or accomylices
in tle forllulrtion or executicn of o COLlJon rlan or
cons~irac~ end are resnonsibla for all acts pershy
formed by ttemselvss or by sny person in execution
cf such 1an
The object of suchJJlon or consnirecy wes unshy
lawfully to kill and murder the persons described
belov bibull initiating unlawful rostilities tgainst
the Uni tecI States of tmerico the Comronweal th middotof
the Thilip~ines theuro ~ritieh Cormonwealthof Notions
the Kingdon of the etherlcnde and tre l(ingdcm of
Thai lent end unlewftlly order inf causng and pershy
nittinc the armed forces cf Jicen tmiddoto attack the
torritor~ ships oud airlanes of the soid notions
or sone of treuroll
The middotersons intended to be killed enc murdered
were all such ~ersons both oembers of the aroed
forces of the said natons end civiliens as mifht
happen to be in the olaces at the tiues of such
attacks
The said hostilities ond attacks ware unlawful
- 50 shy
because they were breaches of Treaty Articles 6
7 19 33 34 end 36 in Appendix Bena the accused
end the said armed forces of span could not thereshy
fore acquire the rir-hts of lawful b~lligerents
The accused end each of then intended that such
hostilities should be initiated in breech of such
Treaty ~rticles or were reckless whether such Treaty
Articles or any of then would be violated or not
C0T11 9
The same Defendants es in Count 38 middotunder the
circumstances ellered in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing ceusinr end ermitting the armed forces of
Japan to attack tle territory ships and airplanes
of the United States of America with which bullnation
Jinien was then et peace at middotPearl Harbour Territory
of Hawaii on the 7th December )941 at about 0755
hours (Pearl Harbour time) unlawfully killed and
murdered Adniral Kidd and ebout 4000 other oembers
of the naval end nilitary forces of the United State
of America lnd certaii civilians vJiose nanes and
nurnber ere et present unknown
CfTmiddotT 40
Tee sane Defendants as in Count )8 under the
circur1stances elle~ed in Counts 37 and )8 by ordershy
ing causin~ end rerrnittinR the armed forces of
Japan to attack the territory end airplanes of the
British Conmomealth of Nations 1th which nations
Japan was then et reece et Iota Eahru Kelenten
on the 8th December 1941 et about 0025 hours
- 51 bull
(Singapore ti11e) unlawfully killed and murdered
certain menQers of the aroed forces of the Pritish
Commonwealth of Nations whose names end number are
at present unknown
comrr 41
The same Defendants as in Count 38 under the
circ110stances alleged in Counts )7 end J8 by ordershy
ing causing end rerr1ittini the a rfled orces middot of
la pen tc etteck the terri tor sb 1ps end airplanes
of the ritish Comnonwealth cf Nations with v1lich
nations Janen was then at peace at Rone Kong on
tte 8th Decenber 1941 at ebout 0800 tours (Hong
Kong time) unlawfully killed and murdered certain
members of the armed forces of the British Coraonshy
wealth of nations whose names end number are at
present unknown
CCTTNT 42 The same Defendants es in Count 38 under the
circumstances alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing CIJUSing end pernitting the arHed forces Of
Jepan to et tech H IS ETRiL a ship of the British
ComtonY-eelth of lpoundtio_ns with which nations Japan
wes then rt eece et Shibullnghei on the 8th December
1941 et cbcut OJOO hours (Shcnghei tine) unlawshy
fully killed r nt rurdered three members of the navel
forces of the ~ritish CoILlonweelth of Nations whose
names ere et present un1ltnovin
52 shy
crT1T 43 the som~ Dcfcndcnts os in Count 38 under the
ciroumstFnces alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing causing end rermittin~ the armed forces of
Jeren to ettecl the territory of the Corimonvmiddotealth of
the ~hilipnines vith which nation Japan was then at
peace et Deveomiddot on the 8th December 1941 et about
1000 hours (anila time) unlawfully killed and
murdered certain mElllbers of the armed forces of the
United States of America end of the armed forces end
civilians middotor the comiddotlLlomealth cf the Ihilippines
whose nomes end number ere at TJresent unltnown
CCUNT 44bull All the De1endents together with divers other
persons between the 18th S~pternber 1931 and the 2nd
Septenber 1945 ~erticipeted as leo~ers organizers
instigetors or eccollTJlices in the 1orruletion or
execution of a coJnon plan or consiiracbullmiddot end ere
resryonsible for ell Acts performedmiddot by theuselves or
by any person in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or consiracy was to
)rocure end permit tte- riurder on a wholesale scale
of prisoners of wer MEfubers of tht ermed forces of
countries opposed to Je~ Egtn vho id-ht le~ down their
erlls enc civilians who niht be in the rower of
Jepcn on land or sea in territories occuried by
Jaron end crews 01 shi s destromiddoted bmiddot Japinese
forces in ruthless ~ursuit of victory in the unlawshy
1ul wrrs in which Japan was or would during the
said period be ~1J8oged
- shy
CCGNT 45
The Defendcnts ARAKI L~S-Il-CTC FATA EIRJJlUlA
prqc-r abull IT ~GtYI Y- f A JIDo HATSUI mrrc SUZTTKI
rnd UHEZP on the 12th December 1937 rnd succeedinf
dcys by unl 0 wfully oreering ciusing nd peroitting
the rrmed forces of Jqfn to ctt~cl ~he City f
NPning in breach of th3 Trerty Articles ~ientiond
in Count 2 hereof tnd to slr-ughter the ihhabitents
contrcry to internrtioncl lcw unhbullwfully killed
rnd Murcered Many thousands of civili~ns end disermed
soldiers of the Re~ublic of Chine whose nemes nd
number 01re rt preEent unrnovm
CCTfT 46
The sme Defenccmiddotnts i s in Count 45 on the 21st
Cctobor 1938 end succecding dt1y s by unlswfully
ordering CUsing rnd rern11tting the rrr1ed forces
of Jrrcln to ittck the City of Canton in breech of
the TreAty ~rticles montioncd in Count 2 hereof ~nd
tc sbuehter the inheibi tilnt s contrrry tci interndegtiollf
lcw unlawfully killed r nd nurdered l~rge numbers
of ~ivilisns end disvrmed soldiers of the Republic
of Clini vhose nrmes r rc number cre st present
unknown
C(TJ 47
The scme Defendcnts rs in Count 45 prior to tte
27th October 1938 end on succeeding dsys by
unlawfully ordering cuusing ~nd pern~tting the
nmed forces of Jrpon to cttcct the City of Hcnkow
in breech of the Trenty ~rticles mentioned in Count 2
- 54 shy
bereof and to slaughter the inhabitants contrary to
internatioal law unlavfully killed and Murdered
lerge nllllbers of civilians end disar1ec solciers
of the Oepublic of China wtosa narces and nU1ber ere
et Tresent un1middotn9wn
C01-l 48
The Defendants EATA rrnc 1crso StTC SlIGEshy
EITSTT Ter end mrzu prior to the 18th June 1944
end on succeeding days by unlawfully orderi11euro
causine and arnitting the erled forces of Japan to
attack the City of Changsha in breach of the Treaty
Articles nentioned in Count 2 hereof and to slaughter
tle inhlbaents contrary to internaticnal law unlawshy
fully killed and murdered nany thousands of civ~lians
end di sarnec solders of tte Republic of China
whose nales and ru11tbcr ere tt resent unknown
COHFT 49
Tte S~ne Defencants as in Count 48 prior to
tte ett luiust 1914 ampnd on succecdin[ days by
unlamiddotfull order ins csusin[l end pe t tin the
eried forces of caigtan to attack the City of lengyen
in tre rrovince of H11nen in breach of the Treaty
trticles mentioned in Count 2 hereof end to slaufhter
the inhebi tents contrary to intermitioal lampv unlawshy
fully killed and nurdered large nuribHs of civilians
enc disarmed soldiers of the Republic of China whose
neMcs and nunber erE it present unknown
- 55 shy
CCTTIT 50
The seme Defendants as in Count 48 prior to
the 10th Noveirber 1944 and on succeeding days by
unlawfully orderine causing and pernitting the
arr1ed fo~ces of Japan at attack the Cities of Kweilishy
and Liuchow in the Province of Kwangsi in breach of
the Tre~ty Articles mentoned in Count 2 hereof and
to sleUfhter tte inhabitants contrary to internatiom
-law unlawfully killed end murdered large nuabers
of civilians and disarmed soldiers of the Republic
of China whose names and number are at present
unknownbull
cnTNT 51
The Defendants ARAYI DCEIHARA HATA IlAtUMA
I~G~YI IGDO 1ciso lmiddotATffiTI 14Tsrroy 1middott~C
SUZUKI TCGC TOJO and IDEZU by ordering causing
and permitting ~he armed forces of Japan to attack
the territories of Hongolia and the Fnion of Soviet
Socialist Republics with whicl nations Japan wamps
then at peace inmiddot the reeion of the Khalkbin-Gol
River in the summer of 1939 unlawfully killed and
murdered certain merobers of the armed forces of
onolia me the rrnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
wlose nElti1euroS and nunber are et present unknown
ccmiddotJNT 52
The Defendants ARAII DrHIHARA HT11 FIRANUJIA
FIRCt FCSFTHO ITAGAI-I KIDO l1ATStTCKJI l~TSUI
SEIGlI15CT lttZTJKI and TOJO lJy ordering causing
end permitting the armed forces of Japan to attack
- 56 shy
the territory of the Union of Soviet Socialist
Re1middotublics with Vhich nation Jarien was th~n at peace
( in the region of lake Lhasan in the months of July
and August 1938) unlawfully killed and murdered cershy
tain me1bers of the ermed forces of the rrnion of
Soviet Socialist Rebullmiddotublics whose names tnd number
are at present unknown
GRCPP TIIRpound ccvmiddotrrrbullmiddotn tR CRIS M-Ti CRIES N~middotST Fll1t7IT
The following Counts charge _conventional ier
ir~lles enlt Crir-es egelnst EunaniJy beins acts tor
wrich it is charged that the persons na~ed and each
of them are individually resnonsi ble in accordance
with trticle 5 and particuierly ~rticle 5 (b) end (c
of the Charter of the Interneticnal iilitery Tribune
for the Far East and in accordance with Intershy
national Law or either of them
CCU-T 53
The Defendants DCRIFRA ~Tt -(SJjUC
ITGA1I IAl lILC rc1~~ Iorso urc NtG~NO
CY~ CSHrmiddot~ S~TO SI-IGTSl) mutD STTZULI TOGC
TOJO and UlEZU together with divers other persons
between the 7th Decellber 1941 end the 2nd Se]ltember
1945 ~articipnted as leaders organizers instigashy
tors or accololices in thE formulation or executlon
of a corllon plan or conslirecr and ere res)onsi ble
for all acts perforMed by therselves or br any
rierson in execution of such plan
The object of such olari or consiracy yen1es to
order authorize and r ermit the Co 4ctanders-in-Chief
- -57 shy
ot the levaral Japanese naval and nilitary forces
in each of the several theatres of war in which Japan
was then engaged and the officials of the Japanese
Har inistr~middot and the parsons in ctarge cf each cf
the canps and labour units for prisoners of war and
civilian internees in territories of or occupied by
Ja)an and the military and civil police of iapan
and their respective subordinates frequently and
habitually to co=it the breaches of the Lawsmiddotend
Custcms of 11~ar as contained in and proved by the
Conventions assurances and ~rectices referred to in
l~rendix D against the ermed forces of the countries
hereinefter named end againet many thousands of
ori sonars of war end ci vi liens then in the rower of
Jenan belonpin~ to the Tni ted States of America the
British Colonwealth of rations the Republie of
France the Kingdom of the Netherlands the Cormonshy
wealth of the Flilipines the Republic of China
the Republic of Fortugal Bnd the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics end that the roverru1ent of Japa1
should abstain from takin adequate steps in accordshy
ance vd th the said Conventions and assurances end
Laws and custot1s of ~er in order to secure observenc
end prevent breaches thereof
In the case of tre Republic of China the said
plan or consryirecy began on the 18th September 1931
end the following Defendants participated therein in
addition to those above-named ARAI HASFHOTO
RAlll~ ~(~ lATSTJ middot~Tsnrn1 ~TlrlI
bull 58 shy
C0PNl 54
The Defendants DOFiJEAR~ H~TAHOffiINO ITAGAKI
KAYA Kif-0 YIMURA KOISC MUTO NAGANO OKA OSHIMA
SATC SFIGlITSU 1RIMADA flJZUYI TOGO TOJO and
UEZ1J between the 7th Deceober 1941 and the 2nd
Septeuber 1945 ordered authorized and permitted
the same ~ersons as oentioned in Count 53 to co=it
the offences therein mentioned end thereby violated
the laws cf War
In the case of the Republic of China the said
orders euthorities end permissions were given in a
period beginning on the 18th September 1931 and
the following Defendants were responsible fer the
same in addition to those named above A~AII
FASED0TO PIRUJTJrA FIROTA HATSI AT-UOKA
CCFNT 55
bull The Defendants DCFIB~RA HAT HOSE-INO ITAGfiKI
KrA iID0 YIHlTRP KCIS0 EUTC NAGfNC OKA Ofxllll
S~TC PIGIlITCTT Sl-DiD~ ampJZUKI TCGO TOJO and
tn~zu between the 7th December 1941 end the 2nd
September 1945 being by virtue of their respective
offices responsible for securing the observance of
the said Conventions end assurances and the Laws and
Customs of ar in respect af the armed forces in
the countries hereinafter named and in respect of
many thousands of prisoners of war end civilians then
in the power of Japan belonging to the United States
of rmerice the British Comrn0nwealth of ~fations
tte Republic of France the Kingdom of tle Nethershy
- ~9 shy
lends the Cormonwealth or the hilippines the
Republic or China the Republic of Portugel end the
Union or Soviet socialist Republics deliberotely
rnd recklessly disregorded their legal duty to1toke
rdequete stops to secure the observonce end prevent
brerohes thereof rnd thereby violcted the lows of
wrr
In the case or the Republic of China tha said
offence begFn on the 18th September 1931 and the
following Defendi-nts were responsible for the same
in addition to those nemed above JRtKI FtSHICTO
FRJPlr HROT- ~~-ToTI HTltTOK~ INJI middot
11herefore this Indictment is lodged with tte
middot Tribun~l poundnd tJie chcrges herein mrde agllinst the
ebove-nomsd Defendants ere hareby presented to the
Tribunal
Joseph B Keenan bull Chief of Counsel acting on behalf of-the
United Strtes of merico
Hsiang Che-Chun
~s sooiete Counsel acting on bah lf or the Republic of China
I s Comyns Cirr
ssocilte Coulsel eoting on behclf of the United fingdom of Greet Brtt11in Pnd Northe
Irelond
S bull Golunsky
ssoc1rte Coubullsel ncmiddott1ng on beholf of the Union of Soviet SoerCl1st Re1)ubl1cs
6Q shy
A J 1nsfeldshy
middotmiddotfsocirte Counel rctine on beh0lf of the Comrionwc~lth or ustrelie
II G folen
r ssociete Counsel t cting on behelf of C(mida
Robert bullneto
ssociate Counsel acting on behelf of the Reublic of ~ranee
W G F BoegerhOff ~ulder
ssocirte Counsel rcting on beholf of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
R H quillhm
Jssocitte Counsel Pcting on behrlf of New Zerlrnd
pbullpGovinds lenon ~ s Comyns Carr
ssociete Counsel ccting on behlf of Indi e
edro Lopez
tssociate Counsel actinF on behelf of the Col1Dlonwerlth of the Philippines
- 61 shy
APPENDIX J
SUirlllarized Particulars sho~in the principal Matters
and Events upon which the Prosecution will rely in
support of the several Counts of the Indictment in
Groun Cne
SECTION 1 1
ILIT1 AGGRESSIN HT lANCHURIA
From January lst 1928 onwards there was a plot
in the Japanese Arm~middot and particularly in the lwantun
Army s~nrorted by certain civilians tomiddotcreete an
incident in 1anchuria which should form a pretext
forIepen to conquer occupy and exploit that Country
as the first ste~ in a scheme of eominetion which
later extended to other parts of Chine to the terr1-
tory of the Union of Soviet Socialast Republics
end ultnately to a wider field aiming to make Japer
a dondnent power in the World
The major events in the execution of it were
About 18th September 1931 Following a long
period of infiltration end consequent friction
Je]lenese troons blew ur a portion of the South
anchurien leilwey falsely accused Chinese troops
cf doing so attacked thet end thereafter pro~resshy
sively end repidlr carried out a Ililitery occupation
of the Chinese provinces of Liaoning Kirin Heilungshy
kieng end Jehol (the north-eastern provinces)
About )rd January 1932 Japanese forces occushy
pied Chnctow in sri te of e ssurance given by their
~oreigh Office to the United States on 24th November
1931 that they would notdo so
- 62 shy
Beginning about 18th Jeruary 19Ji Japanese
nevsl and later military forces attacksd the
Chinese in Shanghai
About 28th to 29tb January 19)2 Jaosnese
bonbed Cbsps1 middotat 1215 am
~b0ut 1st Febtusry 1932 Jeysnese viarships
shelled l1smlng middot
Jurin 1932 Jspen set up a separate puppet
novernrient in the said ~rcvinces enc on 15th Ssptsmshy
b~r 1932 officially recognized it
The 1BSn~ss Government which cals into power
on 13th December 1931 and ell subsequent Japanese
Governments adopted supported and continued thismiddot
sggre_ssion end its grsdusl extension over ether pamprtE
of Chins
Jsren delivered no declsrstion of 1ar against
Chine nade no effort to settle the alleged dispute
by pacific means or by mediation or arbitration
rejected on 5th February 1932 an offer of mediatio
by the United States Greet Britain enc ~ranee
refused to Gdopt the repcrt ampnd recommendations cf
the Lytton Commission apTJointed by the League of
Nations of which Jspen end Ctins were members ormiddot
the resolutions of the League and on 27th ]~rch
1933 reslgned froll the League
Cn 18tr ADril 1934 Jersn announced her absoshy bull lute opposition to sny foreign interference in Chins
other than her cwn
On 1st lerch 1934 Jspsn caused Henry Ju Yi to
be in~tslled es the norinal ruler of the so-celled
Stats of JisncbuJuo Nevertheless large Japanese
- 63 shy
crmies continued down to the 2nd September 1945 to
be mdntcined in these t0rritories using th1am s t
bmiddotse for further rggression ~nd to control together
with J_-p~ nse civi lifn offici ~ls the whole Governshy
ment industry nd finrnce thereof
SECTINT 2
1ILITAR GG1ESSINT IN lW REST 0F C-INA
Jor nesc rggressiCn geinst Chin entered r new
phc oe on July 7th- 1937 when her r_rmy invdod Clinc
south of the Grot r11 [nd htr goverruient ndoptcd
supported lt nd continued the rggresslon 111 subshy
sequent J~~~ncse Governments did the scme
Subsequent mbull_ jor events in this ph~middotse wore
-~bout 19th to 25th septembar 1937 Jrpmiddotnese
forces bombed r~cnking rnd Cc nton r nd deli bcrc te ly
killed lmiddot rge numbers of civilLns
- About 13th December 1937 J-p nese forces
c~Dtured fnking slruhtcred mcny thousnds of
civilimiddotns na committed other outr~ges
During 1940 J~prn Sbt up r- soprrto puppet
Governrotnt in those vrts of Chinbull (other thrn the
four north-o stern privinces _ bove-mcntioned) which
sh- then occuied clriming to be the Nbulltion l
Government of the Reuublic of Chinr middot-nd middotbout
0th November 1940 offic1~ lly rccognizod it bullbull rgbullin J~pmiddotn delivered no dcclrrction of wbullr on
Chinr m~de no rttcmptmiddottc settle the lleged dispute
by pbullcific mcns or by medi~tion or ~rbitr tion
refueed on 25th September 1937 to prticipte in
the Frr Erstern fdvisory Cotllllittee of the Lccgue of
Nr- tions rltcfused on 27th October middotnd og-in on 12th
Novzmbor 1937 to ~tt~nd the Conferenceheld t
Brussels of trG other signmiddottories to the Nine-Power
Trerty of 6th Febru~ry 1922 or to qiscuss its
rppliomiddottion refused on 22nd September 1938 to sit
with the Lemiddotguc of H tions to medirte her disrute
with Chin middotnd on 4th Povcmber 1938 decl red thst
the scid Nin~-Fower Trety WS obsolete
Jrpmiddotn continued her militbullry ~ggression in
Chim by cmiddot pturinz rnong other cities Frnkow on
the 27th October 193~ Ch ngshr on the 18th June
1944 Hsn~y-ng on tre 8th tugust Kweilin on the
10th IovmiddotJbcr nd liqchow on the 11th November of
the Sle yemiddotmiddotr r-nd deliber tcly killed lcrg~ numbers
of civ1li 0 ns bull nd committGd othor outrbullges in erch of
the cities ~fori-mmtioned
SECTION 3 ECPT(IC 1 0GRESSJQ-T I CIW lTl) GRlltTFR imiddotsr middotsrmiddotbull
During the period covered by this Indictment
~pmiddotn est~blished ~ gbncrrl superiority of rights
in f-vour of her own ntionmiddotls which effectivamply
eremiddot ted 111onopolics in comrercimiddotl industril middotmiddotnd
finmiddot ncil enterprisas first in lmiddot nchurimiddotmiddot nd 1 ter
in other prts of Chinmiddotmiddot whch c aa under her dominshy
rtion nd exploitad those rcgioiis not only for the
Gnr fobmen t of JmiddotmiddotO n nd those of her nction ls pmiddotrshy
ticimiddot ting in thosG entsrnrises but s -rt of
scheme to 1leken the resist nee of Chiflr to exclude
other -middot tions middot nd n middotticnmiddotls nd to provide funds
nd munitions for further I ggression
li5 shy
This plmiddotn middots w~s the intention of soll~ rt le st
or its oripintors both on its economic rnd militry
side err dumiddot 11 cc me to embrce siuilmiddotr designs on
the remmiddotinder or ~-st si~ middotnd CCOPnio
LntGr it WS officibulllly exprnded into the
Gretcr E st middotsi- Co-Prosperity Sehemc ( a title
designed to cover up ~- scheme for completeJpmiddot nese
dominrtion of those -rcmiddots) -nd Jbullmiddotpmiddotn declmiddotred thrt
tris wbullmiddots tho ultimrte rurpose of the militcry
ocinpr ign
The sbullme org nizltions rs re mentioned in
Section 4 hereof were used for the ~bove purposes
SECTION 4
lrTHCDS CF CCRRTrTI(W tD C0RCINT Tmiddot CFH middotrm OTHltR OCClI~D T~RRITORI~s
Durin the whole period covered by this
Indictment succossive Jrpnese Governments through
their llilitmiddotry 11d nvrl commmiddotnders ~nd civilLn
(gents in Chinmiddot nd other territories which they
hmiddot d occupied or dt3signed to occupy pursued (l systemshy
r tic policy of wemiddotmiddotl-ening the nmiddottive inh-bitmiddotnts will
to re~ist by ~trocities middotnd cruelties by force nd
thre~ts of force by bribery nd corruption by
intrigue r mongst loo~ l poll ticirns nd generr ls by
directly bullnd indirectly eneourmiddotging inerebullsed proshy
duction middot nd importmiddotbulltion of opium nd other nmiddotrcotios
-nd by promoting the Sle nd consumption of such
drugs middotmong such peole middot The Jrpr- nose Govlt1rnment
secretly provided l 0 rge sums of noney which togotht
with bullrofits rroll thegovernment-sponsored tr~rrie
- 66
in opillll end other narcotics and othermiddot trading
ectivitiea in such areas frac12ere used by agents of the
Jananese government for all the above-mentioned
~urposes ~t the seme time the Japanese Government
was actively participating in the rroceedings of the
League of retions Co=ittee on Traffic in Opium and
other Dangerous Drugs and desrite her secret
activities above-mentioned professed to the frac12orld
to be co-operating fullj _with other meL1ber nations
in the enforcement of treaties governing traffi~ in
opiwi end other narcotics to which she was a party
This participation in end sponsorship of illicit
traffic in narcotics was effected through a number
of Japanese goverruiental organizations such as the
lenchurian Affairs Board the Chine Affairs Board
end the Southern Region Affairs Soard which were
combined in 1942 to form the Greeter East Asia
inistry and num-arous subsidiary organizations end
tradin~ companies in the various occunied end soshy
eelled independent (puppet) countries which were
ope~ated or su~ervised by senior officers or civilshy
ienjaProintees of the Army fnd the Navy
Further reve1Ue trom the above-mint ioned
traffic in opium end other narcotics was used to
finance the ~reparation for end waging of the wars
of aggression set forth in this Indictment and to
establish end finance the nuppet ~overnments set up
ly the Japanese overnmeht in the various occuried
territories
- 67 shy
SECTION 5
G-0YRL tgt- ~R TIt Fr1 middotR
Vtith a view to future wars of aggression and in
order to prevent other nations frolll interference in
her war cf aggression alre9dy in prog~ess against
China ~a~9n frorn 1st January 1932 onwards strength
ened her nsvel military nroductive End finenci9l
preperetions for war In particular but without
li~iting th0 above alle~ations
(e) t~VH
bout 29th December 1934 she denounc
ed the 1ashington lkvtl Treaty efter an
unsuccessful attenpt to persuade the other
Signatories to agree to a common upper
limit of global nrvsl tonnage for her own
obvious cdvvntege
bout 23rd J~ne 1936 she refused to
adhere to the London Nevel Treaty
On or about 12th February 1938 she
refused to reveal her nlbullVel building pl1cns
on request by the United St9tes Britein
~nd France
t rll times she secretly increased
her nev~l strength
middott Ell times end especiolly throughout
1941 she Made secret n~vrl plans for the
eurprise attacks which ultimetely toek
place on December 7th-8th 1941 on Pearl
Harbour Sngepore Hong Kong 11aye end
Sh~nghei Od for similer attacks on other
plscemiddots in the Pccific tnd Indien Ccens end
- 68 shy
and on the territocy of the Union or soviet
Socialist Republicsmiddot
(b) MILITARY
Japan continuall7 and progressivel7
increased the size of her arm7 not onl7 as
required for her war of ag~ression against
China but to a larger extent for the purshy
pose of other wars of aggression On the
6th April ~9amp9 she passed a general
Mobilization Law and tmreafter put it
into effect
(c) NAVAL AND MILITARY
Japan cont lnual 17 and progress i vel7
fortified th islands for which she held a
mandate from the League of Nations
Treat7 Articles violated 15 17
18 31
(d) PRODUCTIVE
Japan continuall7 ard progressivel7
increased her capacit7 tor the production
of munitions or war both on her Oiln tershy
ritor7 and in terrltories occupied or conshy
trolled b7 her to an extent greater than
was required for her war of aggression
against China for the purpose of other
wars of aggression
(e) FINANCIAL
The finance for all the above-mentioned
purposes was provided pa rtl7 through the
Budget b7 taxation partl7 by loans ani
partly from the profits of the exploit~ttons
bull - 69 shy
as described in Section 3 herect and
particular y of the sae of narcotics as
described in Section 4 hereof
SECTION 6
THE ORGANIZATIOll OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FlgtR WAR
Two provisions incorporated by ordinance or
custom in the Japanese constitution gave to the milishy
tarists the opportunity of gaining control over the
Governments which they seized during the period
covered by this Indictment
The first was that not only had ttw Chiefs of
Staff and other leaders of the Army ani Navy direct
access at all times to the Emperor but they had
the right to appoint am withdraw the War and Navy
Ministers 1n any Government Either of them could
thus prevent a Government from being formed or
bring about its fall after it was termed In Kay
1936 this power was further increased by a regulashy
tion that the Army and Navy Jlinisters must be senicr
Officers on the active 11st EG the fall of the
Yonai Government on 21st quly 1940 and of the Third
Konoye Government on the 16th October 1941 were in
fact brought about by the Army 1n each case they
were succeeded by Governments more subservient to
the wishes of the Army
Thbull seconi was that although the Diet had the
right to reject a Budget this did not give them
control because 1n that case thbull Budget of the
preceding year remained in force
- 70 shy
middotDurlnr thls middotperiod suchtree Porlie~cntary
lnstutiti~ns es preVi)USly existedwere rttdUnlly
stamped )Ut and a system simllti to the Fascist or
Nazi mooel introducedbullbullThis took derinite shllpe
with the f)rm~tion n 12th October 1940 of the
I11per1al_ Rule Asslsttnce AS9cintion am later or
the I11perlal Rule Assist~nco Political Society
Durlnr thi~ p~ri~ 0 virorus compain r inciteshy
ment to expansion was carried
on in themiddoteorlier
part t the period middotby individual writers end speakers
but rrnduolly this ceme to be orfanized by Government
artnc1es which elso stamped out tree speech tnd
writing by opponents ~r this policy A large number
t sctetics some secret wasalso rormed_both 1n
the Army end Nevy and amonr civilians with similar
objects Opposition to this policy wes also crushed by assassinations ~r lecding politicians who were
n)t considered surrtcicntly friendly to it ond by
rear end threats of middotsuch nssassinatioos The civil and especially the military poiice were else used to
suppress oppositi-m to the wnr policy
The educnti)nal systeos civil military and
nnval were used to ln~ulcate e spirit or totnlishy
t~rienis~ crgrcssion~ desire tor war cruelty and
hatred r ptential e~emies
Successive Japanese_ Governments from early 1n
1936 onwards cultlvcted close relati)ns with the
- 71 shy
totlitr-ri n iovers 1n Luro1gtc Germny rnd Itrly
which hrrboured simil~r designs in relrition to thmiddot
rest middotor the world to those of J~pn in relrtion tomiddot
--~st middotstmiddotmiddot ~nd the Indirnmiddot rrtd Tltc1t1o Ocerns bull
On ToveJ11ber 25th 1936 middotthey signed tli ntishy
Comitermiddotn Pc otmiddot--~ith r middot~e~ret middotJmiddototo~oi nd r Aecret
ilitry Trt1ty directed osmiddott~n~1t1 cgdnst tho U~i6n of Soviot cod11~t ~epubHca i-nci ccimmunis111
~ but ( oturlly designed ~ lso a ( prelude to joint
~gressivc rotion ~n rcnerr 1
v~rious countries under th domin--tion of middotxis middot - ~ -~ bullbull
Powers including the lUppot govrnments of Jnnshy middot1middot bull shy
chukuo _~nd th~ Nr nking Regime in Chinr wer~ degdmi ttlt
to the ~nti7Comintcrn lot
middotuust 1939 extensivE-negotitons werecondilctampd
between J~n r-erm~_ny_~nd Itr-ly rorthe estbullblishbull
ment ofmiddotn econoru9 politiccl bullnd militbullry cllince
On 26th urust 1939 Jmiddot prri throufh her rubrs~
a~dor in 1fshineton ssured middotthe United Stf tea of
Jllericr tht she hbull d decided to b~ndon ny further
negotirtions with middotrerlilny nd Itrlymiddot relctive to
closer rel(tions under the middot nti-Cornintern Jgtbullct bull
rrefoti- tions between Jmiddotpn nd middotGerm ny for the
esteblistmGnt of middotmiddotn econonic politicmiddot l ~nd milikry
pound111nce were resumed in July 1940
Between 13th middot_ugmicrost nd 22nd September 1940
rfterthe rmistice in June 1940 between Germrny
rntl the middotut~oritylimiddotter to be knownFs ths Vichy
1rovernmerit of Fr~ nee subservient to Germ~middotny nd
bullfter the occupction by Germmiddotny of 1( rge prrt of
- 72 shy
frr nee Japan inciuced and_ coerc~d the general gover
ment of Frenchmiddot Ineo-China to enter intomiddot agreements
with herfor mUitary end econ~mic concessions inmiddot
that country and especially the northern parttliere-
of On 22nd-September 1940notwithlltanding agree
ments aigned onthe samedey Ja-enesetroops
attacked French Inda-Chinese uni ts and were met thmiddot
strong re$lstance
en 27th Se)tember 194Q Japan signed the Trishy
Partite Jact vith Germny and ltaly middot
In theearly pert of 1941 Jepentaking advantshy
age or a bounclary dispute raised by heiland against
French Indo-China purported to ect es mediator or
erbitrator_therein butactually brdughtebout a
settlement unduly fevoureble to Thailand middotwith amiddotview
toobtaining heraidin or submission to future
aegression end atthe serre time madefurthermiddotdemands
for military and econonic concessions in French middot
lndo-China bull~be said settlements were finally conshy
cluded on 6th-9th imiddotay 1941
Collllencinlmiddot in the middotletter nertmiddot of February 1941middot
Jel)en and Ger111any conducted negotiations on the
subjept of oint Elli tary ction against middotlgtLgapore
and the territor~ of ot)ler Nations_
On 1st July 1941 German Italy and ell middot middot
Governments subservient to- them inother European
countries at the request of Jepan recognized the
so-called National Government of middotthe Republic ofbull ~
China
On the 12th July 1940 a Friendship Treaty bullmiddotas
signed between Jepan and Thailand
- 7J shy
7romJay to July 1941 Japan further induced
end coerced the general ~overnment or French Indoshy
China to allow Jananese troops to land establish
naval and air baaas end ~enerelly obtain control
over qouthern lrench Indo-China The main purose
on this occasion wee toprovide bases for aggression
directly against the Pritish Common-vealth or lTetions
end the Dutch est Indios and indirectly against
the United States of merica The said agreements
were finally concluded on July 21st and 29th 1941
on which date Japanese forces landed at Saigon
established navel and air bases end generally took
control ofFrench Inda-Chine
Throughout the ebove~mentioned dealings with
Freech Indo-Chine Je~en used the help or Germany and
Italy by coercion upon the Vichy Government cs well
es direct threats or ill6gel force to ettein her
ends
By way o reaction to this aggression and threat
tf furtheraggression the United States of merica
on July 25th end Great Britoin on July 26th froze
the assets ofJapan and Chinemiddotunder their control
rnd opplied other eoon01110 middotpressure agdnst Jcpan
On 25th Tovembermiddot 1941 Jsp1n renewed thlt ~ntishy
Oollintaln rgtect with secret clausesmiddot
Cn ormiddotobout tho let DecGL1ber~ 1941 Jopen
invokillP the Tri-ortite Poet requested Germany nd
Itcly to declare War on the United States after the
beginning of hostilities end tht1t a No middotseperilte
Peace Treety be entered into
On 5th December 1941 Jep4iressured the United
- 74 shy
Stetos ot merico thrt troop movements in French
I_ndo-China were Drecautionery masures
On December 7th-8th 1941 Jspen mPdesurprise
rttecks on territories ot the United States ot
merica the British_ Commonwuelth ot Nctions l1nd
Thdlond usin~ in tbe two latter coses French Indtgtshy
Chinr~ br ee s
Cn the 11th Deceiibcr 1941 Jc pen_ Germiiny rnd
Itrl signed to opbullrbull to Totce rr ct
On 18th Jiinurry 1942 middotc rili ter1 Convention
botween Jbullmiddotn~n cermrny bull_middotnd Itrly wrs signed in Berlin
From 19)6 to 1945 close milittr ncvtl econshy
omic nd diplomc tic co-oper~ tion rmiddotnd oxch nge ot
intormrtion were maintcfned between the r bove three
oountriea t the request ot ~ermnn Jpon trom
the b~ginning ot the wr on December 7th-8th 1941
rdoptcd the Germn polic~ ot r~thless submrrina
Wtrt~re middotnd the destruction or crevs or ships sunk
or o-ptured
By the thre~tenins middotrttitude bullhich Jrprmiddotn mdnshy
tc ined tro111 19)9 to 1941 grinst the Uni_ted Stmiddottoa
or bulliaeriobull the British Cocimonwe~lth otNtions
the Kingdom ot the letherlrnds no the Rerublic ot
Frnce middotnd trommiddot1939 to 1945 (g~inst the Union ot
Soviet Seel~ list Republics 1d by her incru- sing
oonccntrtion ot tr~o~s in regions oonv~nient tor
middotrttrcks Ul)on them she dirtctly bullmiddotssisted Germmiddotny
nd Itnly in their middotw- rs tginst those n tions even
while she rem~inpoundd nominrlly neutrrl
- 75 shy
SECTION 8bull
jGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION-
In the course of many years Japan was continushy
ally preparing war a11d performing11cts of aggressionmiddot
against the Soviet Unhn
bull bull1bull Having faHed ~ he-middot attempt Jo capturemiddot the
Soviet Far East in the period between 19181922 bull
Japan did n~t apan1on the idlao~capturingthe
Soviet areas situated east of theLake-Seykalmiddot
SincltJ 1928 the Japanese GereaJ Steff hld been
planning a war of egfressim against the Union of
Sbullviet ~ocial1~t Republics eager to take advantage
of a chance to start this waz bull
An importrt step ii- th1preparetion nfa war ~
of aggression arainst the Union of Soviet Sochlist1
Republics was t~El ocltupation_of lanchur1a~ 1931 _bull
which a~ we_l~ as KGrea was transformed into a mili 1
tary base for a1tacking the Unio~ or icvi_et SociRlist
Republics in a numbPr of years Railroads and_ highshy
ways vere constructe~ in anchuria after l93~ of
stratPgic importancmiddote and ran towards the frontier of
the Union of Soviet Sociali~~ Rep1bl1cs The -bull
strength of the Kwantung Army ha~ been jncreased middot ~~~ bull bull~ middot _~ J_~j -- --~
from twa divisions in 1931 to fifteen in l94~ bull ~ ~) 1 - ~
A great number of new airfields fort1f1e~ gt middotmiddotmiddot_- ~~middot~
areas dumps barracks sea and river ports destined bullbull bull ~middot bull i ~ middot t lt bull - bullbull bull bull bull
to serve in the war of aggression against the Unicn bull bull bull J bullbullbull - bull bull bull bull bull - ~
of Soviet Social~st Republics were built
In ~anchuria the war industry develop~d at a
fast rate Areas adjacent to the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics frontier were being colonized
- 6 shy
by Japanesereservists with the purpose of strengthshy
middotening the Kwantung lrmyat the moment of mobilizashy
tion Propaganda in the press b radio etc r
directed against the Soviet Union was carried on
111tenselr middotOn Lanchurian-territormiddot Japan organized
and supportedmiddot on a large middotscale ehments from lussian
emigrants hostile to theSoviet Union and prepared
them for hostilemiddotects againstthe Union ofSoviet
Socialist 1epublicsJapan systematically organized
armed middotolasheson the frontierand organized acts of
sabotafe-end terrortstmiddotacts onthe Chinese Eastern
Railroad
InJ9J2 Jaian twice rejected the proposal of
the Union ot Soviet Socialist Republics to conclude
a non-aggression pact
in 1938 Jlpan without declaring war attacked middot
th~ territory of the seviet Union at the Lake hassan
In 19)9 Japan again witheut declaration of war
at tacked the terli tory of themiddot ~middotongolian Peoplemiddot s middot
RepubUc en ally of the rrnion of Sovietmiddot Socialistmiddot
Republics at the Halkin-Gol Rlver (Naoanhan) and
engaged the ongolian Peole s Republic armybull and bull
its allied Red Ar11y bull In both cases Japan pursued the
aim of reconnoitrine themiddot strength of the Rad Jrmy bymiddot
battle and capturing strategic positions for future
war against the trnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
Having been repulsed twice and having sufferedheavy
losses Jmiddotmiddotpan nevertheless did notmiddot stop the preparashy
tiors fora sur~rise attac~ ~gainst the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics
hile Preparinl for the war against the Soviet
- 77 shy
Union Japan during several years carried on
negotiations with Hitlerite Germany end Fascist Itel
on a j~int aggression The principal stages in
this plot or aggressors were the conclusion of the
so-called Anti-Comintern Pact in 1936 and the sirnillf
of the Tri-Partite Pact or Japan Germany and Italy
in 1940 the aim or which was joint aggressive actio1
of these countries against democratic powers among
them the Vnion ~rsvviet $ocielist Republics
In ~rch 1941 while being in Berlin ror the
purpose of plotting with Hitler about e joint aggres
siort against democratic countries thedefendant
~tsuoka was informed by the German _goverllGlent about
preparations by the latter for war against the Uni~n
or Soviet Sociellst Republics s early as t_he
beginnlng or July following e conclusion of the
pact or neutrality on behalf of Japan on 13th April
1941 after the treacherous attack or Germany
egainst the Union or 9oviet socialist Ra~ublics
1atsuoka officially declared to the soviet Ambusedor
in Tokyo that the principal bas1s of the Japanese
foreign policy was the alliance with Germany and
that in case Germany addressed Japan with a request_
for tielp the J)ict middot of neutralty withmiddot the Utiioa ot
Soviet Socialist Republics would not present an
obstacle for Jepen to wege war on the side or
Germ~ny In accordance withthis the governing
militarist clique in lapen in the bullholecourse of
the buller betYlteen Germony end the Union of Soviet
Socialist_Re~ublics wes openly hostile towrrds the
~oviet Unionmiddot maintained a selecte3 arriy on the
- 78 shy
Soviet rront1ers end wes an orgrnizer or a widespreed
prorgrnda aea111st tho Soviet TTnion Jopan octively
helped ~itlariteGermeny providing her with
intormatiqn regording the un~n or Soviet S~c1clist
Republics orgonized pirote ettscks on Soviet merchtnt
shiplling in_ the Far Etat by closing straits estbullmiddotbshy
lishing prohibited zones tnd speciol limited wetershy
weys
To render help to GerlIEny J~ptbulln after Germsnyts
ettack egcinst the Union or Soviet Socielist
Republics in the S111111ler or 1941 doubled the strength
of her E1rmy in rnchuria nnd leter on brought the
strength of this irmy to r million men which necesshy
sitated mrintdning considerrble forces in the Fmiddotr
Eest by the Sevit Union inste~d of using them in the
wrr ig~inet Germnny
In the s0 me summer or 1941 Jfpfn v10rked out e
new Tll~n of surprise rttrck egeinst the Union of
Roviet Socialist 1epublics ~nd kept the Kwentung
Army fully prepred torsuch en cttock She w~s preshy
vented from it not by the poet or neutrality which
i s 1t llll Y be sampen from bove Jeuroptn diregrrded but
b)middotthe successes or the forces or the nnion of Soviet
Socirlist Republics in the w~r fgoinst Germany
SECTIC1 9
JATAfp lFlt TTlTITED S~TES CF fERJCbull TH cr1bullQ1TELTH OF TFE II IPrnns TI ft+ BltITISif cc MOELTH OF rJ TIONS
The whole of the other Sectiols or this ppendix
iro relevrmiddotnt to this Section rnd ere not ropectad
here
bull 79 shy
I
From 1931 until Lecember 1941 relctlons betwee1
Jopn middoton the ona Jr nd rnd the United Stotes of mer le
rnd Gret Brltcln on the other continuously detershy
lorotcd bacruse of Jrrr~s ~g~esslon in E~st ~sir
rnd duplicity in lnternrtionil neeotictlonsmiddot
The TTnlted Stotes of 11erioo rnd 8remiddott Britin
frecuently prctested thct J~prn s militory opehtions
were~ violtion of the provisions of the trecties
mentioned in Count middot2 hereof nd celled the ettentlon
of beth Chine md J~prn to their obligctmiddotions thereshy
under They ~1so declcred thct they would not recogshy
nize ~ny situmiddottion in ianchurlc or elsewhere brought
obout by violrtions thereof
J~pi-n in unequivoc-l tertlS grve rssurrnces thst
she h~d no territori~l mbitions in ChinL thrt she
would respect the open door policy in Chino In
spite of these c siiurbull noes she set up r -puppet
regie in lnchukuo nd proceeded to close the doer
to the TTni ted st tes of middotnericl End British tr11de
ffter tlte consolidrtipn of the linchurin posishy
tion Jln continued her ggressive policy in Est
sir in spite of ossurrncqs tht she hcd no terrishy
toriel ~mbitlons eouth of the Gret frll
The tnited 5tltes uid Grebullt Britdn 1ndervoured
to convince Jp n th~middott her bast interests lY in
perce but it wr-s cler from her Ctions tht she
intended to resort to force to gla neighbouring
countries end territories
During 1935 Jmiddotp-n incrasad hEr mllitrry nd
llfvrl strength middotnd undertook limited militrry
ctivities to extnd her damintion over Chimmiddot The
- 80 shy
United States of America and Great ~ritain continued
to draw Japans attention to her treaty obUgations
but this had no effect on her military activities
In 1936 the United States of America endeavourshy
ed to get Japan to agree to the principle of eauality
in commercial and industrial sp~eres and not to
resort to force to obtain preferential rights This
was also rejected by Japan
In 1937 Japan declared that the principles of
international relationship propounded by the United
States of America were consistent with her own but
qualified this by stating that the objectives could
only be obtained by an understanding of ~he particushy
lar circumstances of the East In 1937 Japan comshy
Ienced further military aggression in China and soon
thereafter the United States of America l)ffered her
good offices in the dispute and appealed to both
parties to refrain from war This ofter wes not
accepted by Japan and the appeal had no effect In
the same year Japan refused an invitation to attend
the Brussels Conference called under the provisions
of the Nine-Power Treaty On August 26th 1937
Japanese forces attacked cars belonging to the
British Embassy in China and on December 12th
attacked warships belonging to the United States of
AMerica and Great Britain on the Yangtze
At the end of 1938 Japan procl~ined her policy
of a new order in 3ast Asia end refused to ~ive any
unconditio~al assurance that the open dnor policy
in China would be maintained
Thereafter many interferences by Japan in
- 81 shy
Jtprnoso controlled territories with the rights or
the United States or ~Aeries end British netonels
took place end in July 1939 the United States or
America gave notice or terminetion or the 1911
commercial Treaty ~it~ Jeen
In September +940 after Japans military
alliance vi th Germany and Italy the United State
ot lmerica was forcedmiddotto place limitations on the
export of iron steel and raY materials to Japan
In arch 1941 conversations between the
Japanese ambassador in - eshington end the United
States Secretary or State took ~lace in an endeavour
bl the ~Tnited States to se~tle outstanding differshy
ences ano to reach a peaceful settlement ihile
these vrere proceeding Jepen continued at e feverish
pace to prepare for war At an Imp~rial Conference
on 2nd July the decision to advance southward
obviously directed against the United States of
America the Kingdom of the Netherlands end the
British CoAmonweelth was reached At a further
Conference on 6th Se~tecber it was decided to open
hostilities against the llited States of America
Great Britain end the letherlends in case the requireshy
ments ot Japan seemed unlikely to be realized by
B901B time clurinf tbe first part cf October On 1st
December a further Conference definitely decided on
war The decisions of the two lest-mentioned Confer-middot
encee were kept secret Cn 7th-8th December 1941
while negotiaticns were still proceeding Japan med~
surprise attacks on territories of the United amptetee
of Anerica et earl arbour of the British Commonshy
- 82 shy
weelth of Nations at Singapore elaya Hong Kong
and Sh~nrhai of the Commonwealth of the Philippines
and of Thailand She delivered no declaration of
war andmiddot to the ritish Commonvealth o~ Tations or
to the Conmonwealth of the ~hilippines no document
ot any kind To the United States of America she
delivered after the etteck a document which did
not end was not intended to cmount to a decleretion
of war
Stie entirslmiddot disregarded all the other Treaty
obligations r-ferred to in Counts 7 and 8 hereof
SOCTJCH 10
Tbe Netherlands ~ast Indies and tnemiddotPortugese
~ortion of the Islend of Ti111or were within the erea
coveted b Japm and described by her tis the Greeter
East ~sie Co-ProsNrity Sphere
In addition to thf general treaties binding
Jepan not to atteck these areas Treaty rticles Nos
20 and 21 refer respectively to these naticns in
terms Ja)en also rod a treat with the Hetrerlands
repardirP the ~est Indies which she denounced on the
12th June 1940 in preparation fer aggression
agai~st them At that time tre hom~land of the
Nethorlends had been recently and treacherously
()Ver-run by JrpaQ s ally Ger111eny end the Dutch
GoverrJJ1ent hbull d been corrpollcd to seek refuge in
ngland Thereefter Je_J n endeavoured to compel thrt
Government to agree toe new treaty on terms unduly
- SJ shy
fovcurable to Japcn but they wore unwilling to do
se The prcperet1ons of Jepcn fore general cggresshy
s1ve wcr in the Fer East included en intention to
invede the c~herlonds tost Indies The occupation
by Jbullpbullmiddotn or French Indo-Ch lna complete in July
1941 end the attecks upon territories of the United
States of tmcricc end tho British Commonwealth of
~rftions on the 7th-8th December 1941 were till prrt
of t plen which ircludcd t n inve sion of the Nethershy
lends r~st Indies This wes spcc1ficclly one of tho
d~cisions of the Jcponeso Imperial Conference of the
6th Se~tember 1941 Consequently the Natherlonds
Government irm~d1ately nfter the lest mentioned
cttacks declrred war on Jepen in self-defence
On tho 11th Janucry 1942 Jepcn invaded and
therefter repidly occupied the retherlcnds East
Indies
On 19th February 1942 Jepcn without ~ny
pretence of right or of eny quarrel vi th the itepublic
of Portugcl invRded ~ortugese Timor end occupiGd
it for the purpose of crrrying on her cggreseive
wcr egeinst ell the ~llied n~tions bull
ll4 shy
APPENDIX B
List of ~rticles of Trenties violated by JrponClld incorporcted in Groups One rndTwe
The Convention tor the Frcific Settlement of Intershy
nc-tion1l Dielutes sigmmiddotd t The Hegue 29 July 1899
The srid Convention wis signed nd r~tifiod
by or on behflf of J-n(n Cnd each of the ~ritions
middot britlf ing thf ct rrgcs in thfs Ind1 ctmltrnt subject to
oGrtotn rcscrvrt1ons not here motoriol
1 Article I
With P view to obvhting rs fr s possiblt-
recourse to force in tho rel~tions between Stctes
the Signrtory Powers rgree to uso their best efforts
to ensure th6 pecific settlcment of internitioncl
differences
2 Article II
In cesemiddotor serious disrgreemant or conflict
before tn bullmiddotppctgt 1 to rrciv middottlle Signr tory Yowers t gree
to middothrve reccurse rs fr rs circwnstbullnoes nllow to
the good offices or medi tion of enc or more friendly0
owers
The Convention tor the ~~eifio Settlement or Intershy
n~tionrl Usputes signed rt the Erguo 18 Ootobor
The sdd Convention ws signea nd rrtitied by
or on behrlf of Jrpmiddotn ~nd ec-ch of the nrtions bringshy
ing the Chfrges in this Indictment with the exception
or the United Kingdom rnd the Union of lgtoviet
Socirlist Republics a-ubject to eertcin reservtions
not here 112tcrimiddotl
bull 85 bull
trtiole 1
With c view to obvirting ~a for ~s possible
recourse to force in the relrtionsmiddotbetw~on Stntes
the Contr~oting ~owers rgree to use their best
offorts to ensure the pr oifio settlemcnt of lntarshy
nrtionrl differences
i rticle 2
In cnse of serious discgreenpoundnt pr dispute
beforc ~n ebulll to ~rms the Contrreting ewers
ogree to hi)ve recourse rs fer cs eiroumstnnoes
rllow to the good 01fioes or medirtionmiddot of one or
nore friendly nowers~
The Hegue Convrntioi lJo III Relmiddottive to the opening
of ~ostilities 1 signsd 18 October 1907
The sold Convention wns signed rnd rrtified by
or on bGhrlf of Jcprn rnd eoch of the notions bringshy
ing tho ohrrgo in this Indictment
rticle I
The Contrrctlng rowers recognize the t host11shy
1tie~ between thrimselvesmiddotmust not co=enoe without
previous Pnd ~xpl1cit ~rrn_ing in the form cltheuror cf
re~ soned declrrtio_n of w~ r middot or of en ultim tllll
with oondition~lmiddotdeolrrrt1cri of wtr
ierr~runt effected by cxohrngo of notes between the
nnitod st~tes bullnd Jrprn 1 signed JO November 1908 1
dGolnrine their policy in the F(lr 0rst
6 2 The Polley of both Governments unlnrlucncshy
ed by rny ~ggreee1ve tendencies ls Olrectod tomiddottho
ll~~JlAC~ ot th( cx1 stDe 41t-tus quo in tho region
f bove-mntloned nd to the defence cf fhe- J)rfao1Jlle
of ()quol opportunity for ciimmercend industry_in
bull 86 shy
Chino
7 3 They ere cccordingly firmly resolved
reciprocmiddotlly to respect the territoriel posssssions
belongint tc ec ch other in said r1agion
8 4 Thy rre clsc deterllined to preserve the
con11on interest or Fell Joyers in Chine by supporting
b~middot l )Citic nens bullt thsir dispos11 the independshy
ence fDd integri ty or Chin End the prinCiJ)l6 or
equel opportunity for cocrerce rn~ incustry or rll
nbullmiddottions in thrt Lipire
9 5 Srould ~ny event occur threrteningmiddotthe
st~tus ouo rs ~-hove described ormiddot the principle or eou~l o~~ortunit~ cs rbove derinedit reragtins for
the two iovernmcnts to coanunicr te with each otbcr
in order to rrrive ~t rn underst~nding es to whet
L1ersures thty mry consider it useful to tcke
The Convention ~nd ~inrl rotocol ror the Suppressio
of the buse cf rpillil nd other DruRs 1 si~ned et
The rbue 23 Jnurry 1912 rnd 9 July 1913
10 Tht sid Convention wrs signed nd rrtified by
middot or on bchr lf of Jrp n r nd ech of the n tions br~shy
ing the chmiddotrees in this Indictnent
Tt c Tremiddotmiddottv of Jefce between tha -bulllliod rnd bullssocimiddotte
Powers rnd GErmlt1ny I signed t Versmiddotillee 1 28 June
1919 known ~-s th Versilles TreEtY
Ii rticle 10 of the Coven nt of tho Legue of
Nmiddottions
The bullclbers of th Lagu undertbullmiddotke to rGspect
middotr-nd preserve bulls middotgrinst extern-1 -ggression the
tcrritoril inteigtrity middot nd existirw polltic-1 indeshy
Tendencs of ~ 11 Jbers of the ler gue In ctse of
any such aggraeaion or in case of any threat or
danger ot such aggression the Council shall advise
upon the Jlleen~ by which this oblitation shall be
tultill6d
12 ~rticle 12 ot the Covenant of the League ot
Pat ions
The lenbers ot the League agree that 11 there
should arise bateen them any fis~ute likely to lead
to a rupture they will subLlit themiddotmatter either to
arbitration or to enquirf by the Council end they
agree in no case to resort to war until three t10nths
after tte ewerd ~Y the arbitrators or themiddotreport by
the Council
l) ert1cle 13 of the Covenent ot the leepue ot
Netione
Tbe embers ot the League aeree that whenever
any ~ls~ute ehall arise between them which they
recognize to be suitable tor suboission to
arbitration end which cannot be satisfactorily settled by diplomacy they will subnt the whole
subject n1Stter to arbitration
Disputes es to the interpretation ot s tresty
as to any euestion or internati~nel law es to the
existence ot any tact which it established would
constitute a ))reach of any international obligation
or es to the extent end nature of the reparation to
be oede tor any such ireech ere declared to be
among those which ere generally suitable tor subshy
111~ ssion to erbitretion
For the consideration of any such clis ute the
eourt of arbitration to which-the case is referred
- 88 shy
~hall be the court erreed on by_ the rarties ~o the
disrute or stiuletec n any convention existing
middot between then
The middotemters or tlle League erree that they will
carry out in fuil ood taith eny av1ard thut iray be
rendered tnlI t~et ther will not resort tower I
against a ember of the league which COll)lies thereshy
with In the event of any failure to carry out such
award the Council shell rropose hhet steps should
middotbe taken to rive effect thereto
14 rtcle 15 of t~e Ccvrnrnt of tte leeeue of
Naticns
If there stould criss betveen embGrs of the
League any ciisgtute lHelJmiddot to lead toe rupture
which is not submitted to arbitration in accordance
with ~rticle lJ the elbers of the league agree
tJiat tJie will tutt the rntter to tte council
Any rortr to the lllsutc 11ey effect igtuch subuislicn
by Pivin~ notice of the existence of the dis~ute to
the ~ecretery-ener11l who hill reke ell nccesslry
arrange bullents for a full investiration and considershy
ation ttereof
ror this ~urncse the nerties to the disnute will
cc~middotaunicete tc the Secretary-Glmiddotnerel es rrolptly as
noeeible stetebullbullnte of their cesa ~1th all the
rtlGvent facts enc papers nd the Council ra foLth- middot
bull1th dir~ct the publicetion thereof
Tte Councl lF 11 nc1eivour _to effect a settleshy
ment of the diE-uts and if such Gfforts fre succoisshy
ful e statGmont ehll t1 ntgtdlt ublic giviie such
ftcts rd elJlanlt l onE rcr[)rdinc tlc disuto igtnd the
- 89 shy
tmiddoteramp1s or settlement therampcr s ttdeg Council EJ deem
s~~rorriete
Jr the dis~utc is not tt-us settled ~he louncil
either un~ninously er by G Ecjority vote shell mcbullEl
c-nd rublish e rellort contllinin tmiddot stcter-ampnt cf thamp
fects of tlo dis~utE bullnd the recorncndticns which
Pr~ deemed just rnd nroner in rcvrd thereto
Any middotmbcr of the Llt-egue rmiddotprcscntd on ths I
Council m~y P-~kc ~ublic e stcte~cnt or tho frets of
the disutc End of its conclusions rcgrding ths
s_fie
If rerort bmiddot the Colllcil is uncnifilously rgrscd
to by the lllbcrs ttereof ether thln the tcprampsampnteshy
tives of on_ er -ore ot ttmiddot rtics to the dispute
the Cecbers ot middot the Lru( bullerco thit they will not
go tc wpound-r Fi tl bullny i~rty to the disrutc which corshy
plics with the rccomntnd tions of tbr rport
If th~ Council r~ ils to re~cr reort which is
unr nirlously greed to b tt~ llCrtLtors thereof o thcr
ttn ttc llrescntitivcs or one or ore of the
p rtics tcgt tt disute t1 l-scbrs cf the Lc~guc
rltscrvc to thelIS-lves th rieht to tki sue bullcti_on
rs tlcy shrmiddotll _consi~cr nccess~ry for the llmiddotiritnbull ncG
of right cncI justice
-r ttn dis~utc bctwccn the irti s is clriracd
by one of thu1 ne is found by the Council to rist
out of ~ a-ttr Nhich by intcrntionJl l~w is solrily
within th~ doJiestic jurisdiction oi th~t pmiddotrty th
Council Eh 11 so rlcrt nd shJ l u- kC no recoshy
P--nd-tion -S to its- settlcnent
r Council JI ~middot ii ny c-- sc undar this
- cc- shy
rticle refer the dispute tc he Assenbly T~e
dlspite shall be sc rcierre1 at t1e recniest of
elt--er party to t1e dis)ute provided that su~h a
reouest be 1iade within fourteen days after the sushy
miss icn cf tie dispvte to the Council
In any case referredmiddot to the Assembl7 all te
provisions cf t1is middotrticle cnd cf Article 12 relat-
ing to the action a-d povPgts cf the Cciuntil scwll
apply -to the action and povrers of the Asser1bly proshy
vided that a report ade by the Assembly if con-
curred in middotbmiddotr the Representatives of those --embers
of t1e Leale re pres ted on the Counc 11 and of a
1ajorit of the othrr middotembers of t1e eaeue c~shy
~lus ive in each case of Representatives of the
parties to the tisputc shall have the saLe force as
a report by the Cou1~il concurrPd in by all the
fieiS thereof othEr than the Rerescntatives of
one or more of the ltJrties tc the disp1te 11
15 Article 22 oft~~ Coven~ntmiddot cf the League of
1-ations
Other peoples especially those of Central
Africa are at such o staJe that the ~ndatory must
be resgtons ible for the aduiis trat ion of the terri tor
urner contitions which wi l ruarantee freec)om cf
ccnscence nnd rel1 middotior SJb Je~t cnly to the ma1ntenshy
cnce cf pc1llJic order end ncrals the prohl1Jitin
of abses sue as t1-middot slave tracc tllc arns tra~ tc
an the-liuor rotfic and the prevent1gtn of the
establishment of fortifications or mllitnry am
na7al bases and of mil1tar trpoundinin of thL natives
for ither than police purposes and the defence of
territor and u1ll aisc secure ebulluai opportunities
- 1 shy
~ tht trrde net oonmcrc ot othr iombcrs ot the
Le~gu- Tter1 ~re tarritories such a South-Jcst
trio~ nd 011rtmiddotin or tho South Jrc1r1c Isl~ nds
hioh owilltl to the ep-rsoncss or their populmiddot tion
or their sror 11 size or their rcr10toness from the
centr6s er c1v1Uz-t1on or their googr-phiol oonshy
t1~middot11ty to the territory or t)s Lmiddotndmiddott_ory bullnd other
oircumstrmiddotnoos or n be best rmiddotdm1n1 starrd under the
l~ws ot th G l-nd tory s 1ntq_trbull l nort1ons or 1ts
territory subject to the s togur rds -_bovo-ncntionod
in the interests or the indigenous popul tion
16 bullrtiole 2J (c) of th~ Covcn nt of the Lemiddotguo of
rrtons
SubjGdegct to nd in ~ ccord nee vith bull the provisions
ot intern ticn middotmiddot l conventions existing or heremiddot ttcr
to bo middot eroed U1on th middotmlicrs ot the lergue bullbullbullbullbull
( o) will entrust tho le guc with thebull gonor l
supervision over the execution of middotgrccmnts v11 th
regmiddot rd to tt e tr trio in WOll3n middot nltJ children middot nd ths
trrric in oiun middotncl othilr d~nFcrcus drugs
Tht l-ndrt- frol tt Lemiddot rue of ~Tbullt5ons pursubullmiddotnt to
t1c Vcrsmiddot 111-s Trcbulltz irde bullt Gcnor 17 kccnbcr 19n
17 bullrticlc )
The lbullnd-tory shll see th t the slmiddotve trmiddotde
is prohibited bullnd th t no forccd lbullbour is porll1tttd
axcopt for esscntimiddotl ublic works ~nd sorvicos ~nd
then onlr formiddot dequ tc romunormiddottion
18 rticli 4 The 1111litc-ry tr ining cf the n t1veuros othtrvise
thmiddotn for ~urpseuros or int~rnbulll ~olioc middotnd the loc 1
- 92 bull middot
detonco ot th t1arritory sh 11 be prohibited
Furthermore no mllitbullry or rmiddotvmiddot l bsos shmiddotll bo
ostblished or tortitiotions orec~cd in the
territory
Tremiddotty botv1ecn th( British Ccllllonmiddot olth middotor n t10middot1s 1
Trnce 1 Jbullmiddotp n nrgt thlt Unitod Str-tcs or llmiddotmiddotric
middot relmiddot tin to thclr Insulr possessions nd middot~nsulmiddotr
pominions n the P-middot oiflc Ccebulln 1 lJ December 1921
The H rGmiddotti W s middotsiend ne rr tlfi1d by the
~ifn tory olcre
19 middotrticlc I
Th Hi~t Contrmiddot ctlne middotrtits grce is bltlt106n
thsmsolves to rcs)oct thdr r_ifhts in rel tion to
their insulr roescssions middotnt ineul r dorunions in
the middotregion o~ the 7 citic Dcemiddotmiddotn
It then should develop betwein ny of the High
Contrbull ctinr ~rtics bull controvCrs rising out or ny
- cific question middot nc involving their srmiddotid rights
thiih ii not smiddot tisf ctorily settled by diploti cy nd
is likely to bulltfect tho he raonlous middotmiddot ccord now hmiddotmiddotppily
subsistinc between ttcm they sholl invite the othir
Hh Contr~ctinr ---rtibulls to joini Contorcnco io
middot vHct tl~ hcl subjlot will be refrrcd tor conshy
sidermiddot tion nit middotdiu~tmnt
Identic Corrunicmiddot ticn ri-do to tb lfothrlmiddotnds Govzrnshy
ment on 4 Fzbrumiddotmiddotrmiddot 1922 on b~hmiddot 11 of thbull- ~middotritish i
Cornnonwe-lth of nmiddotmiddottions middot nd lso mutbulltis mut ndis
on behmiddot lt cf Jmiddotr-n nlt thamp othr --~~era signmiddot tory
to th -~umiddotdrunlr cific Tremiddot ty ot 13 Decltaber 1921
stmiddotmiddottes thbullt shy 20 Ths N1gtthcrbnds not bain sifO tory to tt smiddot fd
- 9~ shy
Tre middotty middotmiddotnci t_h~ Ncthrl nds possession in the region
ot-thc P~riific Ccern thErcforc not being includ~d
in the bullgrccmcnt ref~rred to His Britnnic t~J~stys
Govarnmrnt nxious to for0 stmiddot ll ny conclusion conshy
trmiddot ry to ths sirit of the Trcbullty desires to dGcl~rlt
thnt it is firml~middot r0solvcd to respect tho rights of
the Ncthcrlbullnds in rslmiddottion to ctr insulmiddotmiddotr posscdshy
sions in the region of the Pmiddotcific 0cc n
Idcntic Communic tien 11dE to the ortugucsG Govurnshy
mcnt on 6 Fcbrumiddotri 1922 on behlf of tho British
on b~hmiddot lf of Jbull T n nc th othn owers slpn tory to
the ~u-ar~lE Tclf4 c Tr0middotmiddottbullmiddot cf 13 Decu1ber 1921
stmiddottes th t shy
2~ ~ho ortuguesE not beinp signmiddottory to the s id
-Trebullty nd the ~ortusucsc ~ossess~ons in the region
of the ~~cific Ccc1n therefore not being included
in tte middotgreencnt rsLrrd to E Brlthnic middot jcity s
Government nxioupound to forEJst11 ny conclusion
ccntrbullry tc th fririt of the Trcmiddot t) desires to
acclmiddot re th middotj it is firrillmiddot rosolvcd to respect thfgt
rights of nortugmiddot 1 in rel tion to hor insubr posshy
sessions in th~ i-rion of th TLcific Ccern
Ttc rebull ty bftweon the TTnitcd Stmiddot tcs of lcricr the
Pritish Comcnvomiddotlth oftmiddotmiddot t0ns tlgiuM Chin-
Yrrnc~ Itbullly JmiddotTmiddotn the N~thcrlmiddotnas nd Portupmiddotl
concludedmiddot~~ ~igns~ t middotmiddot~shin~ton 6 P~brumiddot ~y 1922
~c 2middotmiddotid retmiddot wf siv1d middotnd rrtifLd b~middot or on
lmiddot lf cf TbullO-n middot ni middot ct 01 th~ n ticr5 brireine thlt- bull
ctmiddotrPt~ in ttls I~dictntnt ~Ith t~L czc~ption of th~
- 91 shy
Union middotof Sovi~t Sooiel1et Re1ubllcs middot
Article I
Themiddot Contractin~ rowers other than China
eereebull
22 bull ( l) Tu reseot middotthe sovereifnty the independshy
ence end the territorill adilinhtrstive integrity
ot China
2J ( 2) To )rovide ihe tullest and nost unem-
berraesed oportunity toCh1na tc develop end mainshy
tain tor herself en etteotive end stable Government
24 ( J) To use their middotinfluence tor the purpose ot
effectually establiehinv end oainteininq theprinshy
ciple of equal or~ortunity for the ooJllilerce and
industry_ of ell noticns throll eurohout tte territory of
China
25 (4) To refrain fron tekinf advantage ot conshy
di ti~ms in China in ormiddotder to see special rights_ or
privilegeft wh)ch wculd ampbridge the rights ot subjects
omiddotr _cl tizens of friendly States Eind- fror1 countenancshy
ing action in~ical to the security ot such States 9middot
Article II
26 The Contractin- ewers agree not to enter into_
any tre~ty eereeoent arraneementor understanding
either with one another middotor ndivltually _or collecshy
tively with any pwer or Tmiddotowers llmiddothicb wouid
infring~ or impair the p~inoiples stated in middotArticle Ir Article III
ntri th a view tomiddot eJl]lmiddotin~ more ettectuelly the
principles -Of th (lpen JJvOr or equality Of OJgt)Ortun-
ity in Chine for tte trade and incustry of all
nstions thP Contracmiddotting rovere other ~hen Chna
- 95
e~ee that they 111111 not seek nor sup~_t thelr
tesnective ne~ fone ls in seeUnr shy
27bull (a) middot Any errenfenent which rmiddotdrht -urrort to
establish in favour of their interests any general
suueriori ty of riftts 1th respect to comraerdal or
economic development in any desi_neted reeion of
China
28 ( b) Any suet oonoooly or preference as would
denri ve the m ti one ls of ani other --ower of the rieht
of undertaking any legitimate trade or industry in
China or o participitinif 1th the Chinese Governshy
ment or with any local e uthority in any category
or -public enteririse or which by reason of its
scope duration or geora~hical extent is celcushy
lated to frustrate the rrecticel ep-llcation cf the
principle of eual opportunity
It is understood tl~t te foreeoilf stipulationf
of this Article are not to be so construed amps to
Tgtrohibit the acquisition of such 1ronerties or
ri~h_ts as me~ be necessary to the conduct of a parshy
ticular cornrercial middotindustrial er financial undershy
takin or to the encourapoundeLent of invention end
research
Cbira undertakes to be gdcled by the rinciples
stated in tte foregon- stir-uletions of this ~middotticle
in dealinr wit-0 er-rlicetions for emiddotcononic rights end
privileges frc1 timiddot rcverll1ents end naticnals of t11
foreien countries whethEr partiEs t~ tha present
Article IV
29 The Cortr~ct~~ ~cr~~s BfrEe not to ~up~Qrt
eny agreements by their respective nationals with
each other designed to create Spheres of Influence
or to rovide for the enjojment of mutually exolusiv
opportunities in des1gnsted parts of Chinese terri shy
tory
Art1cldege VII
JO The Contrectin) ewers agree that vhenevr a
siturtion arise) hich in the opinion of any one or
thcu involves the cpplicit1on or the stipulations
of the present Treaty middottnd renders desirable disshy
cuSsion or suoh Epplioction thermiddot6 shall be full
snd frark oo6riuriio tion between themiddot Contrc oting
Powera co1oerned
Treaty hpoundtwe3n ttc United Stetes and JEllP-n signed
t middotmiddotrshinrton 11 Februry 1922
The arid Trecty wa3 sirned rnd ratiffod by
the 8fnstory rcbullmiddotrs
~rticle II 1
Jl The United StEtes end lts nmiddot tionals shall
receive ell the benefits or the cngagcuents of Jepar
defined in ~rticles J 4 ondmiddot 5 of the Eforesaid
lsndete notwithstmdin the fect that the United
Strtes is not e mcmuer of the Ls6gue of thbulltions
Ccnvsnt1on signLd ~t Gcnevr 19 February 1925
J2 Th sdd Convention wcs s1encd nd rtified by
or on bchnlf of Jbullmiddotpt n nd B[O~ of the nyt1ons bringshy
ing th1o chrmiddotregtcs in this Indictrrnnt with tho excepshy
tion of the Union of Soviet Soci~list R~1ublics
(bin i-ol middotthe TrJtsd StrtoF or raric bull
- 97 shy
~nericomiddot tbs Prssldent of the Gerrpoundmiddotn Reich Fls
Jejcsty the Yinp cf the Bleiens 1 the resi1font of
the Frrnch R=~ubl1c 1 Fis te 1esty the inmiddot of Grnegtt
~itPin 1 IrclFnd end the British Loninlons beyond the
SeM I Irm6ror of India His la jsty the r1n9 of
Itely 1 His Llt-jcsty theuro Ecurror of J~f)en the resishy
dent cf the ctqublic of PolPnd Lnd the Prcsident of
the Czochoslov=k Reuronublic 1 ccnclueed Lnd signed ct
Jrris 27 middotw-ust 1928 1 knorn ~s thE IbllOg-)ri1nd
Peet nd ~~ the ~rct of Pmiddot ris
The srid rebull ty YlS signed Pnd r-tified by the
1iill tcry obullsrs
lrtick I
JJ Thi lifh Contrcctng ~1rties 1101Emn~y deelcre
in the nr~es of their res~ctive peoplesJh~t they
condecn recoursemiddot to 1-middotr for the solution of intcr shy
nctionrmiddotl ccctrovcrsies ~ne renounce it cs en
instrllJlCnt of n tic _-1 policy in tbcir rlr tions
with -ons inctber
Article II
J4 The Rieb Contr(ctin~ Prties ogree th t th
settlement or solution of i11 disrutes or conflicts
of ~-hitevtr n tur or of hotevcr origin tbey ruy
sought except by pbullcific M~middotns
Dccl~r ticn of Irrpcrirl p~ncsb GovcrI11lcnt 1 27 June
1929 1 ccnccrning -~rticle I of the Kelloge-Pribull nd
Peet of 27 August 192
Th Impcrlr 1 lcv rnnnt dccL re thi t ttc
rhr soolog in tts nmiddotlltS of tt(ir respective
p01ks Pf-middotrin 1 rticlc J cf tt rrmiddot ty frr
- 98 shy
the Renuncif tion cf _ r sirncd rt rrie on 27
urust 1928 vicved in the light of th~ provisions
or the Impcribulll Constitution is understood to be
inrppliCbmiddot in so fmiddotr s Jrprn is concernecl
llG Convmiddot ntion rclbullmiddott~n~middot to l~rcotic Drugs shncd
rt Gcncv~ lJ July 1931
35 The srid Convention wbullssign~d -nd rrtifiad by
or on bchmiddot lf of Jcpn with r rcscrv tion s recorded
in th protmiddotocol cf sirn ture nc c ch of th n tions
brinfing the chrrecs _in this Indictiicnt with tro
cxcetion of the Union of SoviEt ~ocilist RG~ublics
Chinbull trc Cor-monwe ltr of tustr lir rnd Ncw ZDlrnd
Trc ty btveurocn Thilmiddotnd middotnd Jp nmiddot conccrnin~ the
continumiddot nc of frimiddot~ndly rJlmiddottions middot nc tho nutu 1
riscct cf emiddottlh others tcrritoribulll iptcgrity 1
Si1ned middot t Tokyo 12 June 1940
lhc sbull id Tre tr wmiddot s s~_gnec nd rmiddot tified by
the Sign tory rovcrs
trticlG I
3l nThE Fifh ContrbullcCinf Forties s~~ll nutu~lly
resnct ~-ch others territoribulll intqrity middotnd
hcrebmiddot rcrfflru the constrmiddotnt 1cce nd the ierpetuil
fricndship existin between them
Convention rcsnctin~ t~c ~irhts bullnd Duties of
reutr1 ewers ~nd creons in 1fmiddot_r on Vmiddotnd signed
~t Tho Hbull2uJ 18 OctcbLr 1~07
37- rtJcle I
Th trrltory of mutr l ~-mcs is inviolmiddotmiddottl
JR _rtiole II
- 99 shy
rcross the tG~tor of ~ ntiutrl ow1r
Treo-ty of Jortsraoutl- b6twEen Russfr -nd Jpcn
signod 5 Sertc~bampr 1905 which esttblished
Art1cl6 II (p(rbullerr-~h 3) 39 It is bulllso ~greod thmiddot t in crder to rvoid middotlJ
c~ usa of iiisunderstmiddot nc-ing the two F1gt Contrrct1ne
-rt1es wi11 -bstdn ontl6 Russo-Iorcin frontier
from tr11nv r-ny nillt ry morsur6s which moy mEnccamp
tte security of Russ1middot n or ~orern territory
bullrt1cle It (Pmiddotrts l bullnd 2) Ja~an ana Russia mutua~ly e~~age
40 ( l) To evmiddot cu te COll)lGt ely nd simultr neously
tmiddotbull nchlirilt1 eJCcpt thbullj territory rffected by the lcse
of the li~otun2 zcninsuln in conformity with the
provisions of middotcdition l lrticle I~ nnexod to
Trc ty bullmiddotnd
41 () To rcstors cntirtolt middot nd COl]lttoll to th
oxclusive dninamptr tion ofChin_ 11 rortions of
irnchuri nov in th~ occuo tion or under middottho coritrol
of the lqmiddotnGse or Rurs1middot1 troops Nitl th exception
of the trr1 tor bull b0vbull rn nt londl
rticlc IV
obstruct ny gcncr-middot1 nrsures cnmiddotmiddotmiddotJori to rmiddotll C0 1Lttr1es
vhicb Chin~ rnmiddoty t middot~ tor th lcvlorwnt t)f thv
coriflcrcs rid incustr~middot of gt nchu1middot1bull
I) middotmiddotn middotnJ -usbull ngmiddotp tbull xlbit thdr
- 1ot shy
44 J middotn nd Russi uutumiddotmiddotlly grec-not to conshy
struct in their rcsnectivu possessions on th~
Islrnd of Srghbulllicn or the middotdJ cent isl-nds ny
fortificmiddottione or other similmiddotmiddotr militrl works
They middotmiddotlso rrspectivcly cngg not to t l1 ~ny milishy
tr ry ncsures hch MY impede the free nmiddot vigmiddottion
cf the Strmiddot its o 1middot re rouse bull nd T rt ry
h onventfon on Elbodying P~sc hulcs of tho
Rclmiddotmiddottions bctweenmiddotJrbulln nlt= the Union cf Soviet
ltocilist Rr~ublics 1 srn~d 20 J nur 1925 in
rkine
This Conv0nticn wmiddots signed middotnd rmiddottificd by the
Ciflnmiddotmiddot tory rovcrs
rticle V
45 bull Tho High 0ontrbullmiddotcting ~ rtis soleMnl ffirm
thcr desire middotnd intention to liv~ in rbull~cc middotnd
bullmiddotMitr ri ti emiddot ch ottr scrupulcJsly to rspcct th1
undoubted rieht of Stmiddottc to order its oyn life
1dthin ts own jurisdiction in its own w~y to
rf frmiddot in - ncl rcstrr in bull 11 erson in middot ny govornshy
mentrmiddot l service for th-11 nd 11 or~niz7ticns n
rocir-t of middot O findegncirl rssiitmiddot rc~ fron them frou
middot~ny middot ct ovrt or covrt limiddotmiddotbl fr II) w~y whtcver
to enc1middot n1er the order middot nlt securitr n i n1 rmiddot rt of
thc tcrritoris cf T n n th nlol 1f ltcvivt
Socimiddotljst ~rublios
rt l f11rt~-1r middot ~rcrt1 tmiddot~ t n thtr ontrmiddotct~nq
r-~rty ~~ middot11 rsrr-middotmiddot bull_ t~1 middotr=f( n 1i tr - t-rrltorlis
undr bullts juri stl ctJ vi -- ( middotmiddot ) of c--n izmiddot t~c-re er
irouS pr-tn1ln~ tmiddot bi~ th CTOVcIlll1-lt iCr ~ny r- t
of ttf t~rritorier Gf tb~ ether ~rt~ or b) cf
- 101 shy
alien subjects or citizens who may be found to be
_actually carryinr on political activities for such
organizations or -bullro ups
The Neutrality act t)etween the TTn~on of Soviet
rlccialist Reublics and Tapan siuned 13 April 1941
This ~ect was sirned end ratified~~ the
Signatory rowers bull
~rti cle I
46 Both Contrecti 1g Iarties engage to naintain
peaceful end friendly relations between themselves
and mutually respect the territorhl integrity end
inviolabilit of the other Contracting Party
Article II
47 If one of the Contrectlng Parties becomes the
object of militar action on the part of one or
several other overs the cther Contracting Farty
will r~intaln neutrality during the whole ~ericd of
the conf 11 ct
- 102 shy
list of Lfficiel bullssuronces Violated by JIc1-~nd lncororeted Li Group One
25thmiddot Se~tember 1931 ~het JalBn rad no
territoriel desiens in renchuriamp
2 25th middotcvember 1931 That there was no truth
in the report of a Japanese edvancemiddoton Chinchow
J 22nd December 1931 Thet Chinese sovereignty
would be accented ~no that tre opei c-oor rolicy
would be nsntEned
4 5th Jenu~ r 1 1933 That Jaan hsd no territshy
oriel ellbitons s~ut~ cf Jhe Greet Well in vina
5 25th n~ril 1 1934 middotThat Jepan had no intention
vhatever of seeUn~ leciel privileuroPes in Cbinr of
encrcechire UOn the territorial snd administr11tive
integrit v of Chine or oI creating difficulties for
the bona fide trr-de of other countries middot1th Chne
6 15th uibullust 1 1937 That Janen harboured no
territorial designs on China enrl would middotsprre no
efforts in sefeuardin foreltn interest end r1hts
in Cina
7- Seterber 1937 That Jsren had peecetul
intentionB EJnn e lECY of -territorial designs in
Torth Chins
8 17th Fe_bruery 1 1939 That lfjpaa hid nc
terrl torlel designs in China nc that the occul)bt icI
ietrndnn uetl lU~-her_reP(bullristons_ th Geimiddot=ny 6ld
Itsl~ r~JttiYa t~ ~1 ser r~li-timiddot)ne wlticr tht i11tishy
- middot103 shy
10 l5th April 1940 ~hct Je~sn desired status
quo of the I-etherlands ~est Indies
11 16th ~ey 1940 That Japan had no rIEns nor
pur])ose tomiddot attack the Nettmiddoterlends East Indies
12 24th lerch 1 1941 Thft under no circumst6nces
vculd Jaoen ettacr the United States of 1oerica
Greet Dritein or th etherlancls est lndits
lJ 8th July 1941 That Ja~n rac not so fer
consfderec1 the middot~ossibili t~ of 1ifhtnf the Union
of Soviet Socialist Reublics
14 10th Tulv 1941 Thft Japen cont~plated no
cction rgoinst French lndo-Chne
15 5th middot~cerber 1941 Tht troop riovernnts in
French cndo-Cldna were precauticner1 meltlsUres bull
104 shy
AlPtmrx n
Incor~oreted in Group Three
The Laws and Customs of 1middotar ere established
pertly by tre ~rectice of civilized netions end
pertly by Conventions snd rseurances which are
either directly bindinn upon the parties thereto or
evidence of the established ~nG recognized rules
The Conventions end issurences hereinigtfter rentioned
in eny Prt of this ppendix will be relied upon es
s middothole for both iurposes only the nost leterial ~rticles being nuoted herein
1 The Convention o 4 d_one at The FFgue on the
18th October 1907 concerning the Laws and Customs
of igtr on Lend provides ( inter elie) as follolls
middotcccrding tc the views of the high Gonshy
trectinr- irties thes ~rovisio1s the drafting
of which hes been insrired by the desire to
diminish the evils of war so far ts military
requireoents perflit ere intended to serve JS
a gener~l rule of conduct for the bellirerents
in tteir reletions with the inhnbitants
It hes not 10VEVtir been found rossible
et present to concert stiulctions covering ~11
th circumst~nces lict er~e in rrctlce
Cn the other h~ne tts Eigh Contrecting
irtls clmiddotrly de not intcrd tlJ~t unforeseen
cses stculd in Gefult of written qre(llent
be left to the rtitrar) Cinion of milit~ry
- 105 shy
conms nders
r~ntil o nore ccmrilete c0deuro of th6 laws of
-tar clt-n be drmiddotwn up the Hieh Contr~cting
rrties dee~ it expedient to declPre thbullt in
c~ses not covered by the rules bulldopted by then
the inh~ bi t~nts ltncl the belligerents remr in
under the protGction ~nd governunco of the
princi~les of the lw of nr tions derived from
the us~~es ~stbullblished rmon~ civilized peoples
fron th1 1~ws of humnity middot-middotnd frou the diet~ t6~
of the public consci~nco
The RoguLtions sit out in the nn6x to the sric
Convntion 1tich for~s Tirt tler6of der 1 in
Section I witt Belliger6nts rnd risoncrs of middotcrrr in
qection II witt ao~tiliti(s ~na in Section III with
ilitrry middotuthority over the Territory of the Hostile
Stbullte
middotrticle 4 thereof in Section I provides (intsr
[li~) ~s follows
~r isoners of middotmiddotmiddot-r middotre in thEgt ower oI the
hostile Governmaat but not of th~ indivi6u~ls
or corps wlo cmiddot rture theuron middotbull
Convention lo 10 dcJ~ bull t th sr-r~ time nd
)lce concerns 1middotmiddotritime middotr
The _smiddot id Ccnvntions Yere signed bull nd rmiddottified
by er on ceb~lf cf over fcrt nmiddotmiddot tions including
bJ n middot na ebullmiddotcJ- o tho n~tions bringing t_he ch~rges
in this Indictment Eubject to C6rtrin rescrvtions
- 116 shy
not ere Rteri~l nd ttcus bec~ma rrt or evidence
cf the I~ws bull nd ~uetcms of middotmiddotmiddotr
2 Tho rore eonnlc te code of the I -ws of rr conshy
tenpl td by ttc s id Convention is contdncd iu
relmiddottion tc ~risoners of ~r in tho Inter~ tionl
Convention relmiddot ti ve to thc Trebull traent of risonors
of middotmiddotr done bullmiddott r-cnev on th6 27tli July 1929
(hertinrfter cbullllod the Genev Convention~)
lthoulI pmiddot n did not rbull tify thamp s id Convenshy
tion it bocmiddotne bindinr upon her for one or more of
the folobulling recsons
() It ws sipned on tho srid dmiddotte by or on
beh~lf of forty-seven n tions including
J middotmiddot n middot nu ch of the n tions bri~ging
the cr-rres in this Indlctmnt -nd
rrtified bJ over fdrty n~tions -nd thus
becmiddotmc nrrt or evitiLnce of the Lr~s -nd
Customs of r
( b) corm1uniclttion d ted tho 29th J~nur ry
1942 silned by 10GC Shigunori one of
the bullccused middot s For~ign l~nister on boh~lf
of Jp n ~ddresscd to the swiss inister
in Tokyo contr-incd the following stbulltement
middotlthough not bound by the 0onvention
r_1middot tiv to the Trtmiddot tment of ~middotrisoner~
of r middotJrpmiddotbulln will bullply mutmiddot tis
~1ltmiddot ndis the revisions of thmiddot t
Convcnticn to middotmericn prison~rs of
r In cocununicmiddot tion d- tesd on or - bout ths
- 107 shy
JOth January 1942 addressed to the
Argentine middotinister n Tokllo by TOGO
Shigenori one of the accused es Foreign
middotinister on behalf of- Japan it is stated
The Imperial Government has not yet
ratified the Convention of 27th July
1929 regarding the treatment of prisshy
oners of er They are not therefore
subject to the said Conventionmiddot None
the less trey will anply mutatis
mutendis the conditions of ihet Conshy
vention to English (enedien iustrelmiddot
ien end Jew Zeeland prisoners of war
in their power bullmiddotbull1th regard to suppl
of food and clothin~ to prisoners of
war they will consider on condition
of recinrocity national and racial
custous of the prisoners
By the said comr1unications or one of them
Japan acceded to the seid Convention in
accordence 1dth rticle 95 thereof and
the state of war then existin~ gave inmedshy
iate effect to such accession
middot (_c) The said comiunicetions constituted assurshy
ances to the United States of merica the
United Lingdor1 of Great Britain and North~
Irelane Canada ~ustralia ampnd iiew Zealan
to whoee governments the said coumanicetio
were intended to bb end Nere repeuted by
the raspectivemiddot~ecipients thereof adin
each case to ell nations who were at war
- 108 shy
with Japan
Except in the said natters there are no proshy
visions of tte said Geneva Convention to which the
expression mutatis mutandismiddotbull could properly be
applied
J The International Convention for the meliorshy
ation of the londition of the tmiddotounded and S1ck in
~rmies n the ~ield done at Geneva on the 27th July
1929 ( known as and hereinafter called I the Red Crost
Conventionbulll provides (inter alia) as follews
rrticle 26 The Corunenders-in-Chief of bellig
erent armies shall arrange the details for
carrying out the preceding articles as well as
for cases no~ provided for in accordance with
the instructions of their respective Government
and in conformity with the general principles
of the presampnt Convention ~
Japsn was a party to the said Convention
together with over forty other nations which ttus
becane art or evidence of the lavs an~ middotustorns of
ar In the above-mentioned coilllunicrtion deted on
or about the 29th January 1942 Japan stated
Jspon obs1rves strictly the Ganeva Convention
of 27th July 1929 rulstivs to the R~d Cross
as a state sign1tory of that Convtntion
cAommunicetion dated tblgt 13th Februar 1942
l~ shy
signed by TCG0 1 Shigenori one of the accused as
Foreign l-inister on behalf of Jspe_n addressed to
the swiss Jlinlster in okyo contained the_followlng
statement
The Imperial Government TAill apply during the
present war on con~ltlon of reciprocity the
provisions relative totbe treatment of prisonshy
ers of war of the 27th July 1929 to enemy
civilian internees as fer as applicable to
them enc prQvided that labour will not be
imposed u~on-them contrary to their free choic~
The said communlcetion constituted en assurshy
ance to ell the nations et wer with Je~an (who in
fact carried out the provisions of the said Convenshy
tfon es aplice ble to Jaamiddotnese clvi lien internees)
other then tra Republic ef Chine
The above-mentioned assurances were rereated by
the_ Japanese Foreign inistrymiddot on several occasions
as r~cently as tne 26th i-ay 1943
Epound~cbull11ns CF B1E~CrEs shy
All the offences are oreeches of the Laws end
Custolls of er in ec1dition to end es proved in
pert by the several -~rticles of the Conventions end
assurences specifically nentioned
SEClION NJE
Inhumane treatment contrary imiddotn each ease te
Article 4 of the said Anne_x to the said RagJlbull Conven
- 110 shy
tion end the whole of the said Geneva Convention end
to the s~id assurances In addition to the inhumane
treatment alleged in SectionsTwo to Six hereof
inclusive which are incorporated iri this Sacti6n
prisoners or war end civilian internees were murdere~
beaten tortured and otherwise ill-treated and
female prisoners were raped by members of the
Japanese forces
SECTICN TWO bull
Illegal employnent of prisoner of war labour middotcontrary in each case to rticle 6 of the said Annex
to the said Hague Convention end to ~art III of the
said Geneva Convention end to the said assurances
The said emuloyment was illegal in that
(a) prisoners or war were enployed on work
having connection end direct connection
with the operations of war
(b) prisoners of warwere employed on work for
which they ere hysicelly unsmiddot~ited and
on ~1ork which was unhealthy end dangerous
(c) the duration of daily work wee excessiye
end rrisomiddot1ers middot I-ere not allowed rests of
twenty-four middotconsecuti va hours in each week
(d) conmiddotditions of work wer rendered more
arduous ty c1lsclplinery measures
(e) prisoners were kapt end compalled to work
in unhce lthy cliretEgts end dangerous zones
end without sufficient food clothing or
toots
- 111 ~
SCTI CN Tl-R EE
Refusal sne ftbullilure to raintaln prisoners of
wer contrary tomiddot Article 7 of the said Annex to the
said Heeue Convention and ~rticle 4 end Pert III
trticlai 9 - 12 inclusive of the said Geneva Convenshy
tion and to t~amiddot seid assurances
C~ine to differences ~f netionel and reciel
custo~s the food end ~lothing supplied to the
la~enese troops were even when supplied to rrisonerr
of wor belonging to the white races insufficient
to tiointsin them Adequete food end clothing were
not SUP lied either in ecc9rdance with the said
Conv3nt1ons or the said essurences
The structural end sEnitary conGi tion of the
cc~ps end labour detachments f~iled entirely to
COR)ly with the stid ~rticlee and Yltse extremely
bed unhealth~middot end inadequate
Yashilll ent drinking facilities were inEdequete
end bed
S~TICN FCllR
Excessive and illegal punis~ment of risonars
of war contrery tq Article 8 of the said ~nnex to
the said Hague Convention end to rert III Section
V Chapter) of the said Geneva Convention and tc
the said assurances
(o) Prisoners of ~er ~ere killed beaten and
tortured vithout trial or investigetion of
any kind for alleged offences
(b) such uneuthorlzed punlsbments ware inflict
ed for alleged offences wtlch even if
- 112 shy
proved were not under the seid Conventionis
offences et middoten
(cl collective punishments were imposedmiddot for
individual alleged offences
(d) priscners were sentenced to punishment
more severe then imprisonment for thiity
days t9r stteQpting to escape
(el conditions ot the trial ot prisoners did
not conforn to those laid down in the seid
Chapter
(f) conditions ot lllprisonm~nt ot prisoners
sentenced did not conform to those laid
down in the said Chapter bull
sectCTIlt JrIVE
istreetment or the sick end wounded meicsl
personnel end ferale nurses contrary to Articles 3
14 15 end 25 of the seid Geneva Convention end
rticles 1 9 10 end 12 ot the seid Jee Cross Conshy
vention end to the said assurences
(el Officers end soldiers who were wounded or
sick medical personnel chaplains and
~ersonnel of voluntary aid Societies were
not respected or protected but were
murdered ill-treated end neglected
(b) medical personnel chaplains and personnel
er voluntary aid Societies were ~rongfully
retained in ~apenese hende
(cl female nurses were raped L1urdered and
ill-treated
(d) camps did not possess infirmaries and
- 113 shy
seriously sicJt prisoners ena those requirshy
ing illportant surical treatrent were not
edmittea to ~iliiary or civil institutions
qualifieG to treat them
(e) monthly t1edical inspections were not
arranged
(f) sick and wounded prisoners were transferred
elthou~h their reccvery-was prejudiced by
their journeys bull
S-0CTJO SIX
HuniIiation of prisoners of war ampnd especially
officersi contrary to trticle 8 of tha said Annex to
the said Hafue Conveurontion ana Articles 2 J 18 21
22 and 27 of the seid Geneva Convention and to tbe
seic assurances
(a) Prisoners were aeliberctely ~ept ana nade
to work ~n territories occ~riea by Japan
for the purrose ormiddotex~osing them to thb
nsults end curiosity of the inh~bitants
(bl prisoners in Tapen and in occuried tershy
ritories including officers were compelshy
led to orlt on rampnial tasls and exposed to
l)UbUc view
( c) officer ~r isoners vere -clacect rnaer the
control of ron-commissionea cifictrs and
private soldiers end oonp llLd to selute
them sr6 to wort
Refusel or feilure to collect en trensrnit
- 111 shy
informrtion rrerdinf rrisoners (fmiddot war end rGplies
to enquiriGs on tto subject centrer~ to trticle 14
of the seid Annex tc the seid Pague Convention end
to ~rticles 8 eqd 77 of the seid rsneva Ccnvention
and to the sEid assurances
Proper records were not kept nor inforfileshy
tion supplied es requirLd by the said
rrticles and the riost lmpcrtFnt of such
records as vorc kept were delibLrotely
distroyed
S~CIO rmiddotyenJ
Obstructions of the rirhts of the rrotectine
rowers of RLd Cross Socioties of prisonors of war
end of thair reprcs~nt~tives contrary to rticlc 15
of the seid bnncx to t~e s~id Pcfua Convention ana
t~ lticles Jl 42 44 78 Ln~ 86 of the said cneva
Convention end t9 tho said assurances
( o) The rrnrc sntti vcs of tha bullrotectj ng
Power ( Svd tZerlind) viere refused or not
rrsnt(d pmiddotroission to visit camns rnd
access to premises occupiod by prisoners
(b) vhcn suet rornlssion was gr11nttd ttr were
not allowod to hold conversetion with
prisoners without witnesses or ct ell
(c) on such occasions conditions in eo11ps w_r
dcc(ptively pr_pbrod to apbullepoundir btter thin
nor~1~l rnC rrisomrs wrr thrsttoned with
punishment if thy cornrleincd
(d) prisonErs ampnd th~ir rcprasant~tivss weru
not ellowGd to lllku complaints rs to the
- 115 shy
neturv or -their work or otherwhe or to
correspond rreelmiddot with the nilitery eit~iorshy
ities or tle rrotectin owampr
(e) Red CroEs ~ercels end nail were withheld
Erlloyinf ~oison contrary to the _lnternstionsl
Declaration resiiectin7 Asr-hyxistinf (bulleses siened by
( inter elia) Japen Pnc China st The Hague on the 29th
July 1899 and to ~rticle 2J(a) or the said Annex
to the said Es~ue Convention ane to ftrticle 171 of
the Tremiddotety otmiddotVerseilles
In the w~r~ of Japan ereinst the bullbullerublic
of Cline poison gas was lSed- Ttiis
elleretion is confined to thetmiddot country
smiddotcrr0r~ Tirr
illine enemies who tsvn laid down their
arms Qr no longer tevinr 1esns middotf defence had
surrenderec et discretion contrerr to ~rticle 23( t
of ~he sdlt Annex to this soid Eemiddot u~ Convention
Destruction or cneri rogterty without mlliterJ
Justificeticn or necessit~ end rillege contrary to
rticles2J(1d 2~ end 47 of the seid Annex to tbe
said Haguu Conventic-n
Failure to resrcct iani~middot honcur ed rights
ind V iduel lifEJ r-r1vE ti procrtr end rclifOUS
- 116 -middot
convictions and worship middot111 occ11phd territories and
denortation and ensl~vement ot tte inhabitants
thereof contrery to flrticle 46 or th~ said nnnex to
the said llegue Conventionmiddot end to the Laws end Customs
ot er
Large numbers ct the inhabitants ot such
territories were murdered torturto~ raped
End otherwise ill-treated arrested and
interned without Justificationmiddot sent to
reread labour ano tlir property destroyd
or cont1scotcd
SECTIC~ FT~T
E1111111 survivors ot shipsmiddot sunk by neval action
end crews of cspt11rd snirs contrary to rtich 16
ot irefrue Convention rro io ot 1907
Failure to rcsp0ct ~111tary hospital ships
contrary to ftrticle 1 01 the lEFt-mention0d Convenshy
tion and unleltul use of JamiddotJcnce bosPi ti l ships
centrer to trticles 6 ~ne 8 theraor
XTI crbull PTTn
~ttacks and especially ampttecs ~ithout due
wirning ution noutrl ships
- 117 bull
Statement of Individual Responsibility for Crimes Set Cut in the Indictment
The stetenents hereinefter set forth following
the nerle of each individual Defendant constitute
matters unon which the Frosecution will rely inter
elie as establishin~ the individual responsibility
of tbe Defendants It is charged against each of the Defendants
that he usad the po-er and nrestige of the position
which he held end his rersonel influence in such a
manner that he pro~oted and carried out the offences
set out in each Count of this Indictment in which
his name ap~eers
It is charged against each of the Defendants
that during the periods hereinafter set out against
his nnle he was one of those responsible for all the
acts and omissions of the various Governments of
which he bullas a member and of the various civil
military or naval organizations in vhich he held fl
position of autbcrity
It is crargad against each of the nefendants
as sho~n by the nurnb6rs fiven aftisr bis nalle that
he was ~resent at nr ccncurree in tte dacisions
taken at sole of the conferences end cabinet reetings
leld on or about tte follovinf dates in 1941 which
decisions prepared 1or end led to unlawful war on
7th8th Dece~ber 1941
1 25th June 1941 (Liaison)
2 26th June 1941 (liaison)
J 27th Junt 1941 ( L1a1middotsmiddotcn)
- 118 shy
4 28th June 1941 (Liaison)
5 )0th June 1941 (Supreme Yor Council)
6 2nd July 1941 (Imperial)
1 7th August 1941 (Thought Control Council)
s 22nd August 1941 (Cebinet)
9 6th September 1941 (I1rp6r1al)
10 17th October 1941 ( x-Ireniers)
11 26th iovcnber 1941 ( Liaison)
12 29th 1ovember 1941 (x-Prenier s)
1) 1st December 1941 (Imperial)
14 1st Decenber 1941 (Cabinet)
ARAKI
The Defendant ARAYI bet~een 1926 and 1945 was
amonr other ~s1tions held- Chief of General Affe1ri
Department of the ~ffice or Inspector General or
111tarr Training ( 1931) lin1ster of er under
Inukai end Seito (December 19)1 to July 19)4) e
full General (19))) ember or the Supreae Yer
Council ( 19)4 to 19)6) ember or the Cab1nt
Advisory Council on China (19)7) dacetlon dnister
under ronoye soc then under vrv111middot~ (ley 19)8 to
August 19)9) iember or thE Cabinet ~dvisory
Council (1940)
he D6fondent rc1-nmiddot 1 1 between 1928 enl 194S
we s enoni- other pr id t lone t e 1 d - ColllLlander of the
Special Service Section ln 1snchur1s (September
19)1) Peyor of ukdn ( 5pter1ber to Cctobcr 19Jl)
attached to heedlt1ucrters lwentunr Army ( 19)))
- 119
Chiet Adviser to the rortt China autonooous Govarnshy
111ent Colllllnc5er-in-Chlef reienese 5th Jrri Janchurie
(1938 to 1940) Suprene 1middoter Councillor (1940 to
1943) Inepector Qenerel ot 1111tery lvietion (1941)
tull renerel (April 1941) Cmmendemiddotr-in-Chiet
Eestern Army in l11en (1943)_Ciu1Snder ot the 7th
Aree 11r1111 et Slgeriore (1944 to 1945) Inspector
renerel 111tory Trelninl (A~ril 1945)
Conterenoes- s
he )efe1~dent ~middot~~rITI between 1928 and 1945
was erionmiddot other Gsitions held- etteched rmy
Cenerol Steff Cl9JJ) retired fro-n Army (Pebruery
1936) author cf Iecleretons cf E~gtFr OTO iingoro
(1936) re-entered the Army (1937) commended en
rtillerr Pegillent et the Ree cf llnmiddottdn (1937)
in corlland of Jeranese forces which shelled the
ladybird and the -aney (1937) author of a l~rge
number ot books articles in ~lc iragezine Tai ye
Dd tippon en6 oter rublicE tions end ~utlic
speeclef ell advCcting agrress~ ve wEirfere member
of e nu~ber of societies fer the 1nst1get1on of army
control over ~~11tics end furtherance er er~ressiva
~1erfre proroter of e nunber o lets designed tcshy
renove poll ti clans lti oft lcers Ylhoo he did not
consider sufficiently eecreiEve middote frunder of the
T~~~ (194n) elected to the Lcwer rouse of the
fjit 1194)
- 120 shy
The Detendent f beheen 1928 and 1945 was
aronr other CS1 t1ons held- D1v1s 1onal Colllander in
l-encbur1 (1933) Chlet o ~rmy ~v1at1on Department
( 1935) C=ander or tts Taiwan trmy ( 1936 to 1937)
Inapector reneraLet bull111tary Ecucatlon and L1eJ1be~
ot the S1~1rene tar Council ( tugust 1937 l a full
General (Februa~y 1937) Colroander-1n-Ch1et of the
Jltxped1t1onary Force in Central China (February 1938)middot
ember ot the 3uDrez-e bullmiddoter Council ( January 1939l
middot-er llinlster under be ( ugust 1939 to Januery 1940)
Ccmmander-1n-Ch1et ot the ~xped1t1onary Force 1n
Central Chna (Tuly 1940 to 1944) iel6 lershall bullend ember of the JloCrd ot Jarshele aad d1irels
(June 1944) Insgtector General ot 111tery Sducetion
(Novenber 1944)
PIR 1~
he Defendant -1 middot r between middot1928 end 1945
was among ctler nositlons held- Founder ot the
Yokuhonsta end resident frcir 1926 to 1936 Vice
resident ot Jrlvi Coulc11 (1930 to 1936) rresldent
ot r1vy Council (1936 to 1939) rrLe nnister
( January to middotugust 1939) 1-lnister middot1i thout -middotortfollc
under Konoye and tor a time Eome inister and later
V1ce-remier (July 1940 to Cctrber 1941) ie~ber of
~bought Control Council ueust 141) ires1dent
rrivy Cou~cil (1945)
Conferrnces- l234b7612
- 121 shy
The Defendant PIROT between 1928 end 1945 was
eronr ether Oitlons held- mbeesedor to the Union
or2ov1et Socialist Re~ubl1cs (19JO) Foreign
l~in1eter (Septenber 193) to July 1934) under Saito
end F-ro111 July 1934 to 1arch 1936 under Okede Pr1me
Unister and tor a tine Forei11n i-anitter concurrentli
Wsrch 19)6 to February 19J7) Foreign Jinister under
Yonoye (June 1937 toay 19J8) et1ber or tM
Cabinet middotdvisory C1uncll (1940)
Conrerences- 1012
lOliWO
The Derendent rcsrrrc between 1928 end 1945 bullas snonr other rositions h~ld- Chier General middotrrsirs
Puresu of the Finance Derartment ofbull the i-Snchukuo
Government (19J2) Chief or ~enersl middotrrairs in the
P1nsnce Inistry o anchulrno ( 1934) Vice anister
Finampnce in the ~middotencl ukuo ~cv~rnment ( 1936) Chier
renual ffairs uruu in tho ational middotrrampirs crric
or 1middotanchukuo ( December 1936) Chief of roneral
bullrreirs in lanctutuo (July 1938) =resident or the
Ilannnr Peard enc later 1n1ster without gtortfolio
under l~onoye ( July 1940 to rrll 1941) Chiampf
secretary and Iinieter or 3tate under TClC ( Cctcber
16th 1941 tc July 1944) dviser tc Finance inietrj
(December 1944)
Ccnfersncee- 1114
ITGH
The Defendant IT 11middotI botween 1928 end 1945 wes
- 122 shy
among other rositions heldbull full Colonel 1wentung
Jrm (1929) l~jor General i~wentung trny (1932)
Vice CUet of Steff Kwentung ~rllJbull ( 19J4) Coiunender
5th Division in ~hine (arch 1937) Chief of Steff
1wantune rmy (1936 to 1937) attached to Headquarshy
ters General Start (middotay 1937 ar lln1ster under
Yonoye end HI1~1lJ~ tror~ Jule 1938 to -UpoundUSt 1939
and concurrently resident of the Ianchuriari middotrra1rs
~ureau of the Cebinet Chief of Sterr Japanese middotrmy
in Chine (Se~tember 1939) full General (July 1941)
Commender epenese ray in Iarea (July 1941 to
1945) Uunber of ~upreme imiddoter Council (1943) Comshy
Jlllnder 7th middotrea middotrm in ltin~epore (pr11 1945)
Y The Defendant rmiddotvmiddot between 1928 anamiddot1945 was
among other positions held- yhiet Secretary Finance
Uinietry (1934) mnister of igtinence t June 1937 to
ray 1938) under Konoye on the middotdvieory Ccmmittee
China middottteire lloard (J9J9) resident North China
Developrient Company (19J9 to 1941) P-inence linister
under To-c ( June 1941 to February 1944l Director
IR gtS (1944)
Conferences- 11121314
ICIDO
the Defendant LIDO between 1928 end 1945 wee
among other positions bald- Chief Secretary to the
Lord hampeper of the Priv~ Seal (19JO) Education
Minister under Ionoye ( 1937) Velfare -iinister under
Yonoye (1938) Home Iinieter under hIR PUil 11939)
- 123 shy
Lord Keeper or the Privy Seel (1940middotto 1945) chief
oonfidentiel advisor to the Lmperor and presided et
meetinrs or Ex-rreciers
Conferences- 1012
KU~tR
The Defendant 1I1JR middot between 1928 and 1945 wu
eMon11 other CS1t1ons ~eld- Chief or Starr 1wantung
middotrmy ( 1940) Vice er linister under 1onoye ampnd TCJO
(1941 to lebruer- 1944) lirnber uprece er Council
(194)) Commflder in Chief Japanese rmy Burma
(1944) full General (1945)
YCISC
The Defendant KCISO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- Director lilitery
middot ffairs flureeu of tl6 iar linistry (19)0) Vice
War inister und-er Inukai ( 19)2) Chief or etaff
Ywantunr middotmiddotmiddotmy (19)2 to 1934) ColllilBnder Jenampnese
middotrcy Korea_ (19)5 to 19)6) a full General (19)7)
Overseas inister under BI l1 (19)9) end under
ona1 (1940) Governor General 1oree (Iay 1942)
rime l1nlstir ( uly 1914 to pril 194S)
~TSbullTI
The Defendant ~~TstI between 1928 and 1945 was
8llOilF other rosltions heldbull Re)resentetive of the
Japanese ~rmy at the Geneva Conference (19)1) 1lerober
of the upreme iar Council (arch 19))) a full
General (19JJ) a founder of the Greater ~est Asia
Society (19JJ) Commender-in-Chief Japanese forces
- 124 shy
in Centrel Chine (Cctober 1937 to February 1938)
Hember ot the Cabinet dvisory Council (July 1938
to Januari 1940) Adviser to the Asia Pronotion
FeGeration (1940) Aeviser to the rreeter East Asia
Affairs Section or the r~~J (1943) rresident or
the Creater East Asia Davelopient ~ociety (1944)
lllSTCYA
The Defendant middotrSTTCJAbetween 1928 end 1945
was erJOlF other Ositions held- cier Delegate to
the League or etions ~ssembly ( 1933) ~resident ot
the 1-outh lPnorurien =teilwer (19J5 to 1939) Hember
or the c~binet bulldvisory Council (1940) Foreign
linister middot under onoye ( July 1940 to July 1941)
author ot ~show Restcretion (1938) end other books
end articles and ~ublic speeches advocating aggresshy
sive warfare
Conferences- 12~346
rn~bull1t
The Defendant INt~ between 1928 end 1945 was
P~ong other ~ositions held- Commander Japanese
rm Korea I1929) Ver iniampter under bullTekatsulci
(l-ril 193_1 to Lecember 1931) 5uprame 1er Councillor
( 1931 to 1934) Coanender-in-Chief Kvantung rmy
( 1934 to 19J6) Governor Cenerl of 1oree ( 1936 to
1942) Jenber or tle rmiddotriv~ Council ( 1942 to 1945)
~resident or the l~liticel tssocietion of Greet
Taren (1945)
- 125 shy
tTO
The Defendant lUTO between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held- Instructor et the
ilitsry lttoff College (19)0 to 19)2) Senior Otticer
ot the rilitery ~ttairs Bureau of the Her inistry
(19)5 to 19)6) Chief ot a section ot the General
st111tt ( 1937) attached Headquarters Starr Central
China bullrmy (1Lgust 19)7) Colonel attached to
1wantung bullrmy Headquarters Ctlet ot the llilitsry
ftairs Eureau ( October 19)9 to pril 1942 l
colllllsnded 2nd Guards Division in Sumatra (194))
C~iet ot Steft or the 14th ree middotrmy in the rhilishy
ppines under Gener~l Ycmashite (October 1944)
Conferences- 12346911lJ
The Defendant 1rmiddotcmiddotn0 between 1928 end 1945 was
1mong other J)ositions held- Vice Chief Nevel
General 3teft (1930) Delegate to the Geneve Pavel
Conference ( 1931) Lember Supreme 1er Council ( 19JJ)
full dmirel (1934) Chief Delegate to London Naval
Conference (19)5) Navy 1inister under HIROT~ (Mer ch
1936 to February 19)7) _ Ccmmen~ar-in-Chiet ot
Conbined Fleet (19)7) Hember of Supreme er Council
(1940) Chiet of Navel General Steff (April 1941 to
February 1944) Supreme Yaval Adviser to the iLperor
tram February 1944
Conferences- l2J469lllJ
or~
The Defendant CFA between 1928 enG 1945 was
- 126 shy
BllOne other ~ositions held- on the Vevel Generil
Sterr (1930) section Cbie1 Generel end uilitery
Atteirs Pureau of tbe bullavy (1938) Cbie1 General
and llltery ftelrs Bureaux ot the lmiddotavy_ (October
1940 to August 1944) Vice Adlral ( 1942) Vice
Navy Hinster (20 July 1944) under 1crso Commandershy
1n-Cbie1 Ch1nka1- (Korea) tavel Stetlon (Septeriber
1944 to June 1945)
Conferences- 1234691113
The Defendant OKAVA between 1928 and 1945 was
eflong otner rositlons held- Director GeMtral of
the iest ~sis Research nstitute of the South
lenct-urien 1e1lwe rroll 1926 en orcsnizer of tte
ukden Incicent (Se-ptember 18th 1931) author of
t temiddotSnese Fistory Reeder (1935) enci 01 books
articles encl sreEeches advocatine aggressive war tormiddot
the expulsicn by force ot the wtit~ races from Asiamiddot
OSHD~
middotThe Jefendent C~~IM_ between 1928 end 194i 11es
llllong other rostlons held - ~llltery ttache in
Berlin (1936) tllbassedor tc ~ermeny (October 1938
to Octobe~ 1939) and egeln fron February 1941 to
rrril 1945
S 1TC
The Defendant SC b~tveen 1928 and 1945 was
among other Csitions held- Instructor rny Gonerel
Steff Colloga (1935) sttecbed to the ilitery middot-L middot
- 127 shy
bulltta1rs Bureau ot thfl Har ~1n1str~ enler or the
lenn1ng Poard (1937 to 19)8) Chief ot the 1111 tery
tta1rs Section ot the i111tery middottte1rs Auresu ot
themiddotrer r1n1stry (Februer3 1941 to middotpril 1942)
ISJor G6nerel (October 1941) Chiflt ot ilitary
tta1rs Pureau ot the tmiddoter 1n1stry ( pr11 1942 to
December 1944) Lieutenant Genpoundral (arch 1945)
the Defendant FGllITSU batveen 1928 and 1945
WEIS oiong other positions 1eld - l1nistEr to China
(1931) Vice lorolcn lnister under Saito and Cikede
(1933 to 19)6) cbessador to the Tnion ot 3ov1et
Socialist Relulillcs Wovemb6r 1936 to Nov61ilb6r 1938)
middotibessftor to t-re6t Britain ( 1938 to June 1941)
middotrebassedor to the 1-Tanltinr i_lrgtPet JovernnLnt (Decmb3r
1941 to Jril 1943) Foreitn inister under_ TOlO
( bullyr11 194) to July 1944) and Fordgn rinister and
concurrently linister for Greiter est sia under
KCI~O (July 1944 to hril 1945)
SHIWDA
The Detendent SRilJDA betveen 1928 nd 1945
was ar1ong other positions talC- Chier ot 5tatt
Combined Fleet (1930) Vice CMet revel General
Steft ( 1935 to 1937) Comlander of the econd Fleetmiddot
(December 19)7) COIJll8nder Chine Fleet (ay 1940)
full Admiral (1940) -ev_y inister under TClC (Cctoshy
ber 1941) appointed tc Su~reme middotmiddoter Cc=c1l (1944)
Chiet ot ravel General 3teft (February to July 1944)
Conferences- 12i314
bull 128 shy
SHIRATOR
The Defendant $IRAT0RI between 1928 and 1945
was eeong other positions held- Chief or Intorlll8shy
tion Bureau or the loreien Office ( 1930 h ~inister
to sweden orwar Denmark Finland (1936) Ambasbull
aador to Italy (1939) Adviser Japanese Foreign
Office (1940) author of an article in Conte~porary
Japan po1nt1ni_r out the necessity of a World Conflict
to establishmiddotthe llew Order in Asia (hpr11 le
1941) Director IR~Ps (1943)
suzmr
The Defendant SUZ~IYI between-1928 end 1945 was
among other middotpositions held- Lember of the middot111 tery
ffsirs Section or the War Iinistry middot(19Jl) attached
to the Bureau or ~litary ffairs of the ~er Departshy
ment (19J3) Official ot the Investigation Bureau
or the Cabinet (193S) Regimental Col11118nder of the
14th Regiment (1936) Chiefmiddot or the Political Affairs
Division or the Chine ~fairs Poard (December 19J8
to lpril 1941) actill8 Director General thereof
in 1940 middotrreeid~nt ot the Cabinet Planning Board
end Iinieter without orttolio (pr11 1941 to
Cctober 1943) under Konoye and T0ir Cabinet dviser
(Noveriber 1943 to Se~tember 1944) Director or the
IR 1bullbull t (1944)
Conrerances- 689111314
TOGO
The Defendant TOGO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- i~beesedor to (eroany
bull 129
(October 1937) Ambassador to tlll Obion ot Soviet
Socialist Republics (October 1938) Foreign Minister
and Minister for overseas Affairs under TOJO (October
1941 to )larch 1942) Foreign Xinist er and Kini st er
or Greater East Asia WJier SUZUKI (April 1945)
Conterences1- 11121314
TOJ01
The Detendlllt TOJO betireen 1928 ani 1945 was
among Other pos1tions held- Head ot the First
Section or the General Start (1931 to 1932) Chiet
or the Investigation Section or the Am7 Communica-
tions School (1932) Col11111ll1der or the Xilitar7
Police or the Kwantung Ann7 (1935) Chief or Starr
Kwantung Arrrrr (1937) Vice War Minister under
Konoye (Xay to Decenber 1938) Director General or
111litary Aviation (1938 to 1939) far llinb ter umer
Konoye (Julr 1940 to Decelligter 1941) tull General
(October 1940) Prime Ministerand war Minister
concurrentlr (December 2 1941 to Julr 1944) shy
during which period he was also at tirnea Rome
K1n1ster Minister or Jlunitlona and Chier or
General Starr
Conterences1bulll23456S9ll121314
UKEZUI
The Defendant UIIEZU between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held1- Chier or the General
Affairs Depart~~t ot thll War K1n1strr (1931)
Commander of the Japanese Forces 1n China (1934)
Vice war J1n1ster under HIROT Barash and Xonore
(Karch 1936 to Mar 1938) Comnanter of the Kwan tung
Armr and Ambassador to Manchukuo (1939 to 1944)
tull General (1940) Chief or General start (Jul7
1944 to 1945)
bullbull 11011bull 150 shy
- ANNEXES
-
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
-
- A-1 THE POTSDAM DECLARATION
- A-1-a JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-b REPLY BY SECRETARY OF STATE TO JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-c FINAL JAPANESE ACCEPTANCE
- A-2 INSTRUMENT OF SURRENDER
- A-3 MOSCOW CONFERENCE AGREEMET
- A-4 SPECIAL PROCLAMATION ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-5 CHARTER OF THE INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-6 INDICTMENT
-
- GROUP ONE CRIMES AGAINST PEACE
-
- Count 1
- Count 2
- Count 3
- Count 4
- Count 5
- Count 6
- Count 7
- Count 8
- Count 9
- Count 10
- Count 11
- Count 12
- Count 13
- Count 14
- Count 15
- Count 16
- Count 17
- Count 18
- Count 19
- Count 20
- Count 21
- Count 22
- Count 23
- Count 24
- Count 25
- Count 26
- Count 27
- Count 28
- Count 29
- Count 30
- Count 31
- Count 32
- Count 33
- Count 34
- Count 35
- Count 36
-
- GROUP TWO MURDER
-
- Count 37
- Count 38
- Count 39
- Count 40
- Count 41
- Count 42
- Count 43
- Count 44
- Count 45
- Count 46
- Count 47
- Count 48
- Count 49
- Count 50
- Count 51
- Count 52
-
- GROUP THREE CONVENTIONAL WAR CRIMES AND CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY
-
- Count 53
- Count 54
- Count 55
-
- APPENDICES
-
- APPENDIX A SUMMARIZED PARTICULARS
-
- SECTION 1 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN MANCHURIA
- SECTION 2 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN THE REST OF CHINA
- SECTION 3 ECONOMIC AGGRESSION IN CHINA AND GREATER EAST ASIA
- SECTION 4 METHODS OF CORRUPTION AND COERCION IN CHINA AND OTHER OCCUPIED TERRITORIES
- SECTION 5 GENERAL PREPARATION FOR WAR
- SECTION 6 THE ORGANIZATION OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FOR WAR
- SECTION 7 COLLABORATION BETWEEN JAPAN GERMANY AND ITALY AGGRESSION AGAINST FRENCH INDO-CHINA AND THAILAND
- SECTION 8 AGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION
- SECTION 9 JAPAN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA THE COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILLIPPINES AND THE BRITISH COMMONWEALTH OF NATIONS
- SECTION 10 JAPAN THE KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS AND THE REPUBLIC OF PORTUGAL
-
- APPENDIX B LIST OF ARTICLES OF TREATIES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUO ONE AND TWO
- APPENDIX C LIST OF OFFICIAL ASSURANCES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUP ONE
- APPENDIX D INCORPORATED IN GROUP THREE
- APPENDIX E STATEMENT OF INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR CRIMES SET OUT IN THE INDICTMENT
-
AlNEX NO A-1-o
JUDGMENT
INTERNATJONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
JAPANESE UALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
LEGATION DE SUISSE Washington n c Sir August 10 1945
I have the honor to inform 7ou that the
Japanese Minister to Switzerland upon instructions
received from his Government has requested the
Swiss Political Department to advise the Government
of tre United States of America of the following
In obedience to the gracious COITDlland of
his Majest7 the Emperor fho ever anxious to
enhance the cause of Rgt rld peace desires
earnestl7to bring about a speed7 termination
of hostilities with a view to saving mankind
from the calamities to be imposed upon them by
further continuation of the war the Japa1elie
Government several weeks ago asked the SOviet
Government with which neutral relations then
prevailed to render good offices in restoring
peace vis -a vis the enemy powers Unfar tuna t_eshy
17 these efforts in the interest of peace
having failed the Japanese Government 1n conshy
formity w1 th the august wish of His ttajest7
to restore the general peace ani desiring to
put an end to the untold sufferings entailed
b7 war as quickl7 as possible have decided
- 4 shy
upon the following
The J~p~nese r-overnmant rre rendy to
ccept the terms enumerrteurod in th- joint
drcl~rrton which bullEs issued ft otsdmiddotm on
July 26th 1945 by the heeds of the Governmonts
of the United St tts Gret t Br itdn ~nd Chin
nnd 1-ter subscribed by tha Soviet Govornment
with the undorstbullncinz thrt the srid doclcrshy
tion does not comprise ~ny de~nd which prejushy
dices the prerogbullmiddottives of His Ejeurosty ts
Sovereign nuler
Tba 0 -rnese Governcnt sincerely hope
h~t this understtnding is wcrrcntGd nd desire
keenly th~t bull n explicit indic tion to th1 t
effect will be speedily forthcomine
In trr nsmi ttinp the r bove messr re the J(pmiddotnese
Iinistar rddod thbullt tis Governraent begs the Governshy
ment of the Tritd St~tes to forwrrd its cnswer
through the intcrmedimiddotmiddotry of Switzerlrnd Similr-r
requests ~re buing trnsmitted to tho Cmiddotovornments
of rrert Britin middotn~ the ~nion of Soviet Socirlist
Republics through the intermedfrry of Sweden bull s
we11 S to the Covernment of Chin~ through the intershy
mcdhry cf Switzerlrnd The Chinesa 1-inister t
Berne h~s bulllredy been informed of the foregoing
through the ehrnnel of the swiss oliticrl Deprrtshy
ment
Plcise be rssured th t I c~ rt your disposl
~t rny time to rccept for nd forwtmiddotrd to my Governshy
m~nt the reply of thcmiddotGovernnent of the Cnited St 0 te~
- 5 shy
tccept S1r the renewed r ssurrnces ot my
highest considerrtion
lh() Fonorcble J~mes f Byrnes s Grossll secret~ry ot Stete
Cherge d 1ttl ires ~d interim ot SW1 tzerlcnd
- 6 shy
JlliEX NO J-1-b
JUDGlENT
INT1RNTIONL IILITay TRIBUNAL FOF THI FJR ElST
REPLY BY SECPLTRY OF STTE TO JJPfuESE CULIFIED ieCCEPTJjCJE
Auust 11 1915
Sir1
I hnve the honor to ~cknowledre receipt of y)ur
note of Auust 10 nnd in rc~ly to inforri you thrt
the Prcsitent of th lnitcd Sttes h~s directed rie
to send to you f~r trrnsrrission by y)ur r0vcrnncnt
to the JlJnese G)vern1ent the follminp r-essire In
brmiddothnlf of the Govcrnncnts of the United Strtcs the
Uni tcd Kinrdoo the Union of Sovkt $)cidist
neublics rnd Chinni
1th rcpr-rd to the Jr-rncgtsc Governricntbulls
rcmiddotSS1fe lCCPtinp the tcri-s ~f the Fotsdri roclcshy
mrti 1n but Cmiddotgtntdninp the strtfmcnt 1 with the
understinclinp thot the stid dcclnr~tion dx s not
comprise rny deoond which rejudicesmiddot the prerontives
or His Majesty cs P sovcrcirn ruler 1 our rosition
is ns folloi-1s1
Fr)ri the riomc-nt of surrender the ruthrity
of the- Er1perr nd the Jnnesc Govcrrnirnt to rule
the stotc s~all be subject to the Surei-~ Clrinrnder
or the llied iov1crs who v1ill t-ke such sters rs he
decr-s roper to cffc ctute the surrender tcrlbullS
The Emperor will be requirec1 to riuth0rize ond
c-nsure thpound sir-nature by the Govcrnrient of Jrrrn nd
the Jn~onese Irirerinl General Hrndqurrtcrs of the
- shy
surrender terns necessary to ccrry out tho proshy
visions ot the ctsdan r~cleretion and shell issue
his couiands to ell tte ~aanesa llilitcr- mvcl
end eir authorities en~ to ell the forces under
th~ir control whoravor locrtod to cease octiva
opcrctions rnd to surrender their trns cnd to
issue suet- otter orders ts tte 3urrelle Cor1itndor
n y relulre to -ltive effect to the surrender terms
Ifll~dietelmiddot unon the surrsnder tho Jarenese
Governnent shell trcnsort rtscners of Vii r end
clvilim int ornees to pleces of s foty cs directd
whera thQ~ cen quickly bb plLced cboerd Allied
trrnsrorts
ThG ultiwt forr1 of eovernnont of Jcpcn
sh~ll in occcrdtnce with the ~otsdcm Decl~rrtion
be cstablisbcd by the freely cxrressed ~111 of tho
Jcpampnesa ~~oplc
Th rr1Gd forces of the Allied iowers will
re r-ln in s--n until the bullurroros set forth in the
otsd~ll declerr tion ore 1middotchlcved
Acccrt Sir the ronewad rssuronces of ry
highest consider~tion
r middotox r-rnssli Ctrge d Jffioires fd Interpound of
Switzcrlnd
- 8 shy
1JU1EX NO 1-1-c
JUDGIENT
INTERNJTIONL MILITARY TRIBUNiL FOR TEE FJR EAST
FINbL JbPIJESE ACCEPTANCE
LBGATION DE SUISSE bullwASHINGTON DC
Aurust 14 1945
Sir1
I have the h~nlr to refer to ylur note of
Aurust 11 in which you requested me to trcnsmit to
oy Government the re~ly ~f the Govcr=nts lf the
United st~tes the United Kinrdom the Union or
Slviet Slcialist Rc~ublics end Chine to the ressape
frlm the Jcpcneso a~vcrnoent which wcs com~unicntcd
in my n~te of August 10
lt 2010 todoy (Swiss Tine) the Jnpcnese
Minister to Switzcrlcnd conveyed the followiflishy
written strtclient to the Swiss Govcrnoent for trrnsshy
1issiln to the four Allied Glvnnmcnts1
Comtiunicrtion of the J~rrnesc Governnent
of Aurust 14 1945 cddressed to the Governoents
of the Unitcd Stetes Greet Britain the Slviet
Union ~nd Chinas 1171th reference to the Jcprnesc Governshy
rpound n11s hote lf 1uust 10 tqrardinl thE ir
nccer~cnce ~r the ~rovisi~ns of the Potsdam
Dcclorrtiln ~na the reply lf the Governments
f the United St~tcs Great Britain tho
Swi1ot Union l)nc Chini srnt by Jrnericn Sccreshy
t~ry f st~tc Zyrncs under the date of AUJUSt 11
- 9 shy
the J~pcnese Governricnt h~vc tho honor to cocshy
nunictc to the rovernnents of the four powers
rs follows
l Fis l~jcsty the ErrEgtror h-s iesued
rn nnerhl rescri~t rcfrrdine- Jprn s ccccptshy
nca of the nrovsions of thamp Potsd2c Daclcrcshy
tion
2 Fis Lr Jc sty the Jmperor is prcprrtid
to ~middotuthorize ~nd cnsur the signtture by his
Gcverrwunt cnd the Imperil-I Gcnerrl Herdqucrters
of the necessmiddot ry terris for crrry1ng out the
provisions of the fotsdc Deel rr tion Eis
r jesty is bull lso repf red to issue his coonrmiddotnds
to r-11 the nilitrry nmiddotvcl rnd middotir uthorities
of Jltpn degnd ell th forces uncicr thtiir control
vherever loc tcd to cs~ se ctive opertions to
surrender -rllS rnd to issue such other orders
s rny b required b the 5urrma Conrl nder of
the lli(d Feroes for th~ execution of th
bull bove-ncntioncd tcrls
1capt lr th- r~newtd rssurrnces of my
hiFhest consictertion
Grrssli Chrrge d middotrrires middotrd interim
of SWitzerlr nd
1r ~x Grssli Chmiddot rge abull rr~ ires middot d InteriL~ or
3yeni tzerlr nd
- 10 shy
A~TJIl TC J -2
JlJDG E-T
HTmmiddotmICITAL )III~RY TRIBUNtL FCR TH FAR EAST
e acting b command of and in behalf of the
ELlperor cf Jaran the Japanese ~overnment en~ the
Ja~anese Imperial General Feadouarters hereby
accept the provisions set forth in the declaretioc
issued by the heads or the Governments of the TTnited
States C ine end Great flritain on 26 July 1945 at
rotsdeo and subsequently adhered to b) the Union
of Soviet Socialist Re~ublics which four powers
ere hereafter referred to as the Allied ~ewers
e hereby proclain the unconditional surrender
to tte Jllied rowers of the Jarenese Imperial General
Heacq_uarters end of all anenese armed forces and
ell arMed forces under Jaanese control wherever
situated
e hereby collllend all Japanese foroes wherever
situated and the Je~epese people to cease hostilities
forthwith t(l preserve enc save fror- daoate ell
ships Eircreft and Eilitery ahd civil property
end to ccMply with all requirecents which may be
irroosed bmiddot the Supreme Cotlllenltler for the Allied
Powers or by agencies of the Jaranese Government at
his direction
middote hereby collllanc the Japanese rr~erial General
Peodquarters to issue at once orders to the Comshy
manders of ell Jaenese forces end all forces under
- 11 shy
middotJaanese control vherever situated to surrender
unconditionslly themselves and all forces under
their control
e hereby corllland all civil military end naval
officials to obey end enforce all proclsmetions
orders end directives deerued by the Supreme Comshy
mender for the Allied ~ewers to be proper to
effectuate this surrender end issued bmiddot hio or under
his authority and~~ direct all such officials to
re~~in at their posts end to continue to perform
their non-combatant duties unless specifically
relieved by hi1 er under his author ty
middotmiddote hereby undertaYe for the ELperor the
JaTienese Government end their successors to carry
out the provisions of the otsdan Declaration in
~cod feith end to issue whatever orders and teke
whatever action nay be rerured bl the Suprene
Corllonder for tte Allied rowers or by ony other
designated rspres~ntative of the tllied ~ewers for
tlie ~-urose or riving effect to that Decl1ration
e hcrebi corlland the Japenese Inerial
rovernrent ond the Japanese ImTierial General headshy
quarters et once to liberate all allied prisoners
of Mr end civilisn internees now under Japanese
control end to provide for their ~rotection cere
lillintenence and illllediete trans)ortrtion to places
es directed
~he euthority of ths m~eror and the Japanese
Government to rule the state shall be subject to
th~ 8upreme Colllllcnder for ths Allied Powers who will
tike auch steps as he deems proper to effectuate
- 12 shy
these terms or surrender
51gned et TokO Bsmiddot Janen at 0904 on the
Second dry of September 1945
By Command find In b6 alf of the Emnoror of Japan end the Jepanese Gov3rnment
Ycshirro Umezully Cornrnd endn behe lf of the JAFtnese lnperitl Genersl Hecduerters
fcCftod ct Tytyo E~ Te pan Et 0908 on the
~eccnd dry of lt1ertairbor 1945 for the ttnited Stctes
Reublio of Chine United fingdoP1 rnd the Union of
Soviet kci~list Republics e-nd in the interests of
the other Tnited Nrtions rt lier with Jopcn
C l NiMit z Unlted St~tes Representtive
Hsu Yung-ChFnll
Bruce Fr-ser United Kinqcon JepresentEtive
lieuten~nt renerrl K Derevyrnko Union of ~ovlet Soolrllst RepublicsRepresent~tive
T bull Blrmy Corimiddotcnwer-lth of fustrlic RepreBEnhtive
I bull toore Cos lr ne DoMinlcn cf eenfdf lepresentctrve
le Chrc ~rovl~icnsl Gov~rnment of the French Republic qerrescnt~tive
- lJ shy
C ~ 1 Helfrich flngdom of the ~c~hcrlmiddotncs Reprsent~tive
Ltonmiddotrd middot Isittmiddot Doninion of Pew Zcmiddotlmiddotnd Rcnrcsentctive
~ccptin the terms set forth in tho De~l r shy
tion issued br the heds of the Goverll1lcnts of the
1Jni tcd st tes Grert Eritcin ind Lhin on July 26
1945 r-t otsdru nd subsequently ~dhered to by the
Union of ~oviet Soci list Re~ublics I hva commnde4
the lmiddot J nose Irperil Governm-nt ~nd the J1p~ nese
lllperi l Gener~ 1 He dqu~rter13 to sign on my behlf
the instrument of surrender presented by the Supreme
ColDlmiddot nder for the llied owsrs 7nd to issue Generfl
Orders to the lil1trry bullnd IIbullvbulll forces in cccordrnclt
with the direction of the Supr5lilC Comm ndw- for the
llied Fowers I co=rnd rll my people forthwith to
cerse hostilities to lbully down their irms nd fbullithshy
fullr to c~rry out middot11 the provisions of the instrushy
rent of surrcndor middotnd th Generrl Orders issued by
the ry~ nese Im~erirl C-encrbull 1 lier dqu~ rters thereunde
- 14 shy
JNNEX NO J-3
JUDGMENT
INTLRNATIONAL MILITRY TRIBUNJ FOR THE FAR EA-
MOSCOV CONFERENCE AGREE-ENT
The Forei rn Ministers of the Union If Soviet
Scicl1st Republics the United Kinrdom and ~e United Stetes of ncricn met in Moscow frrr December
16 to December 26 1945 in ncc0rd with the
decision of the Crimea Conference poundOnf1rmed nt t~
Berlin C0nference thet there shuld be er ind ic conshy
sultnt11ll between them At the meetinfs of the 3
Foreign Ministers discussions took plnce on nn
informnl nnd erlorntory bnsis r-nd crrecmrnt wns
renched on the follow1np questions bull
bullbullibullbull
i The Supreme Commnltkr shdl 1ssuc nll
Orders for the inplmiddotmcntati ln of the Terms of
SurrendEr the Occupatigtns end control of J~)~n
nnd Dirc-ctives supplercmiddotntnry thereto In middotoll cases
action will be cnrricd cgtut uncer me throurh the
Supreme Commender who is the s0le Excmiddotcutive ruth0rity
for the Allied Povers in Joprn He 1ill consult nnd
id vise vii th the Council in ndvnnce of thc is sunnce
gtf Orders on mnttcrs of substance the rxirencies
of the situation permittinr his decisions upon
these octtcrs shall be controllinr
middot
- 15 shy
mrtJC T( -4
Jl JYl TJ-1T
=rcr middotr ircr middotmiddotmiddotmiddot1rr~r
JTltlISP~T ( 11 1 TCI IIIT1Y TRI~UNL
FOR CU~ FR ~ST
ViHlES the United Ltetes end the Netions
allied therewith in orposing the illegal wars of
aggression of the middotxis fJetions have froll time to
tine made declarations cf their intentions that
war crininals should be brought to justice
17 middot the Governnents of the middot111ed -ewers
et war with Japan en the 26th July 1945 at ~otsdam
declared as one of the terns of surrender that
middotstern Sustice shall be meted out to all Yer crimshy
inals including those who hove visited cruelties
upon our ~risoners
F~ middot b~middot the Instrument of Surrender of
Tenen eirecuted et ollt~middoto lay Jaran on the 2nd
lterter1er 1945 the signatories for Tapan by
colnllenc of and n behalf of the un~a~or enc the
re~anese Government accented the terms set forth
in such Declaration at otsddm
FE1 middot by such Instrument of Surrender the
authority of tle Srnperor and the Ja~ anese Government
to rule the etate of middotr_aen is made subject to the
Suprene Cv~bullbuller for the bull-llied owers who is
suthorized to take such steps as he deems proper
tc- effectuate the terms of surrender
- 16 shy
HEREbull 5 the undersigned has been designated by
the lied overs as Suprelle Colltander for the
llied ~obullers to carry into effect the general
surrender of the Japanese arned forces
middotmiddot~middot S the Governments of the United States
Great lri tain -nd russia at the middotoscoy Conference
26th Decer1ber 1945 having considcrei the effectushy
ation by Jaan of the Teris of surrender with tte
concurrence of China have agreed thet the Supreme
ColMander shall issue all Crders for the implamenshy
tetion of the Terns ot Surrender
rC1middot11 THffSFORl I Douglas Hae rthur BS
Supreme Co~mender for the llied rowers by virtue
of the authority so conferred upon ne in order to
imlement the Term of Surrender which requires the
meting out of stern justice to war criminals do
order and provide as follows
RTICl~ 1 There shall be established en
International 1-ilitery Tribunal for the Far est
for the trial of those persons charged individually
o~ es members of oranizations or in both capacishy
ties yith Qffenses which include crimes against
peace
middotR~ICI~ 2 The Constitution jurisdiction and
functions of this Tribunal are those set forth in
the Ghnter of the International lilitiry Tribunal
for thpound ~er Vest a~~roved by mo this day
middot~~JCI~middot3 Nothing in this Order shell
prejudice theJurisdiction of any other internatione
netlonel or occuretion court conriission or other
tribunal established or to be established in Japan
bull 17
or in any territory or a United Nation with Which
Jann has been at war for the trial or war
criminols
Given under my hand et Tokyo this 19th dey
of January 1946
be bullt Iso RTHUR Gontrol of the rmy United State$ rmySupreme Commender for the llied Powers
bull
- 18 shy
ArJllEX NO bull A-5
JODGMBIU
CHARTER
OF THE HJJill~ATICNH lILITARY TRIBUNAL FCR T~o FPR EAST
SECTICI~ I
COSITlJICN CF TRIBU1~~L
ARTICIE 1 middotTribunal Established The Intershy
national Yilitary Tribunal for the Far East is hereshy
by established for the just ano prompt trial and
punishment of the major war criminals in the Far
East The permanent seat of the Tribunal is in
Tokyo
4ITIC1E 2 embers The Tribunal ehall c 0
onsistmiddot
of not less than six ne~bers ruir ncre than eleven
members appointed by the Supreme Commander for the
Allied ~ewers from the names submitted by the Signashy
tories to the Instrument of qurrender India and
Phe Commonwealth of the Philippines
AlTICLE 3 Officers and Secretariat
a President The Supreme Commander for
the lllied Powers Shall appoint a Member to be
President of the Tribunal
b Secretariat
(1) The Secretariat ot the Tribunal
shall be composed o~ a General
Secretary to be appointed by the
Supreme Commander tor tle llied
Powers end such assistant seersshy
bull 19 bull
tariee clerks interpreters erd
other personnel as may be necesshy
sary
(2) The General Secretary shall organshy
ize and direct the work of the
Secretariat
()) The Secreteriet shell receive ell
documents addressed to the
Tribunal maintain the records or
the Tribunal provide necessary
clerical services to the Tribunal
end its members and perform such
other duties as may be designated
by the Tribunal
JRTICL 4 Convening and uorum Votinl1 1 and
bsence
a Convening and luorum When as many as
six members or the Tribunal are present they may
convene the Tribunal in formel session The
presence ore majority or ell members shall be
necessary to constitute e quorum
b Voting All decisions end judgments
of this ~rlbunel including convictions an~ sentenshy
ces shall be by a maJorit7 vote or those members
or the Tribunal present rn case the votes are
evenly divided the vote or the ~resident shall be
decisive
c Abseaoe Ir a member et any time is
absent a~d afterwards ls able to be ~resent he
shall take part in ell subsequent proceeding~
unless he declares 1n open court that he is disbull
- 20 bull
quelitied by reeson of insutticient middottsriiliarity with
the proceedings which took place in his absence
SllCJICN II
Jll~ISDICTINT HD Gll1-~AL ~OVISIOTS
ltRTICIE 5 Jurisdiction Cver ersons end
Offenses The ~r1bunel shall heve the power to try
and runis~ Fer e~tern wer cri~inals who es indivshy
iduals or as members of orranizetions ere charged
with offenses which Lclude Criries against Peace
Tbeefol_lovinr acts or eny of them are crimes
coni~e within the jurisdiction of the ~ribunel for
which there shall be individual responsibility
a Criries against Peace Namely the
planning ~reparation ni_iation or waging of a
declereo or undeclared var of aggression or a war
in violation of intern~tionul lew trerties agreeshy
ments or ossurpoundnces or perticipction in o common
plr n or cc nspirr cy for the occon91iehment of lny of
the foregoing
6 Conventionel ~r ~rires Nenely
vioLtions ot the lrws or custocs of wer
c CriJ11es rrrinst -uw nity Nrmely
curdor extcrmintion enslvcment deportrtion
nd other inhum-ne ~cts committed before or during
the w~r or pereeoutions on politicrl or rtciEl
grounds in execution ot or in connection with my
crime ~ithin the urisdiction of the Tribunrl
whether er not in violbulltion of the domestic 1w of
the country -here perp1tr( ted Le~dcrs orgnizers
lnstig~tors middot nd rccomplices prrticipbull ting in the
- 21 shy
tormuletion or executiomiddotn of a common plan or conshy
spiracy to commit any otmiddotthe foregoing crimes ere
responsible tor eil acts performed by any person
in execution or such plan
RTICL~ 6 Responsibility of Accuse~ Neither
the official position at any time of en ecc~sed 1 nor the feet that an accused acted pursuant to order
of his government or ot a superior shall of itself
be sutficient to free such accused from responsibil shy
ity tor any crime with whi~b he is charged but euch
circumstances may be considered in mitigation of ___
punishment it the Tribunal determines that jus~ioe
so requires
ARTICLE 7 Rules of Procedure The Tribunal
may draft and amend rules of procedure consistent
with the fundamental provisions of this Charter
AR~TCLE 8 Counsel
e Chief of middotcounsel The Chief of Counsel
desieneted by the Supreme Commender tor the Allie4
Powers is responsible for the investigation end
prosecution of charges against war criminals within
the jurisdictionmiddot of this Tribunal and will render
sue~ legal assistance to the Supreme Commander es
is appropriate
b Associate Counsel Any United Netion
with which Japan has been et war may appoint en
~ssociate Counsel to assist the Chief of ~ouneel
SECTICN III
FAIR TRIAL FO~ ACCUSED
ARTICLE 9 Procedure for Feit Trial In order
- 22 shy
t~ nsure fair trial fo~ the accused the following
procedure stell be followed
a Indictment The indictment shell
consist of a plein concise and adequate statement
of each offense charged Each accused shall be
furnished in adequate time for defense a copy of
the indictment including ~ny amendment end of this
Charter in a larguage understood by the accused
b Language The trial and related proshy
ceedings shell be conducted in Eglish and in the
laniuage of the accused Translations of documents
and other papers shall be provided as needed and
requested
c Couns~l for Accused taph accused
shall have the right to be represented by counsel
of his own selection subject to the disapproval
of such counsel at any tifle by the Tribunal The
eccused shall file with the General Secretrry of
the ~ribunal the name of his counsel If an accused
is not represented by counsel and in open court
requests tJe Blbullpointment of counsel the Tribunal
shall designate counsel for him In the absence
of such request the Tribunampl may appoint counsel
for an accused if in its judgment such appointment
is necessery to provide fer a fair trial
d Evidence for Defense An accused
shall have the right through himself or throurmiddoth
his counsel (but not through both) to conduct his defense inclbulliding the right to examine any witness
subject to such reasonable restrictions as the
Tribunal may deterMine
- 23 shy
e Production of ~vidence for the
Defense An accused may ap~ly in writing to the
Tribunal formiddot the Tgtroduction rf witnesses or of
documents The anplication shall state where the
witness or document is thou~ht to be looated It
shall also state the facts nroposed to be proved
by the witness or the document and the relevancy
of such facts to the defense If the ~ritunal
grants the a~plication the Tribunal shall be given
such al d in obtaining nroduction of the evidencemiddot
as the circumstances reouire
ARTICLE 10 Applicetions end Hotions before
Trial All motions epplicatioqs or other requests
addressed to the Tribunal prior to the commencement
of trial shall be made in writing end filed with
the General Secretary of the Tribunal for action
by the Tribunal
S11CTICN IV
J(1RS 0F JRIBTPI ~~D COTDTTCT CF TRIAL
AR~ICLll 11 ~ The Tribunal shall have
the newer
a To summon witnesses to the trial to
require ther to attend and testify and to question
them
b To interrogate each accused and to
~ermit comment on his refusal to answer any question
o To require the production of documents
end other evidentiary material
d To require of each witness ampn oath
affirmation or such declaration ea is customary in
- 24 shy
the country of the witness end to adminiter oaths
e To appoint officers for the carrying
out of any task designated by the lribunal includshy
lng the Ower to Jave evidence taken on corunissicn
AR~ICIE 12 Conduct of Trial The mribunel
shall
a Confine the trial strictly to en
expeditious hearin of the issues raised by the
charges
b Take strict measures tQ prevent en7
action which would cause any unreasonable delay and
rule out irrelevant issues end statements of any
kind whatsoever
c ~rovide for the maintenance of order
at the trial end deal summarily with any contumacy
imposing eppropriete runishment including exclushn
of any accused or ~is cou~sel f~om some or all
further proceedings but without rrejudice to the
deterninPtion of the charges
d Dctcrminamp the mental snd physicel
ccp9city cf en7 accused to riroceed to trial
f8J1E 13 ~vidcnce
e Adgt1issibilitv The Tribunal shell not
be bound bv techniccl rules of evidence It shall
rdopt ~nd ~ply to the gre~test possible extent
expeditious end non-trchnic1 procedure middotnd shr11
dmit ~ny evidence which it deems to hve proktive
vrlue All rur1orted dmissions or stctemcnts of middot
the Cousod re cimissible
b RelGv~ nee Th Tri bun_l m7 r_oquire
to be informed of tho m turc of - ny evidence before
- 25 shy
1t is otteredmiddot-111 order to rule ut1on the relev1 rice
c Specific evidence Pdclssible In
prrticulir ~r~ without limiting in middotny wmiddotmiddoty the
scope ot tbe foreroing gonerrl rules the tolhwing
ovidonce m~y be rdmittcd
(1) A document rcgbullmiddotrdlcss of its
security cl~ssitic~tion nd
without root of its issumiddotnce or
sign~ture which l6~rs to th
Tribunrl to h~ve beonsigntd or
issued by bullny officer dop rtraent
ltgcncy or mtnbcr of thi bullrmed
forces ot rny goverruncnt
(2) A -lt~middott t cl pc(rs to the
Tribun-1 to hrvo bean signed or
issued by tho InternPtiondegl Rod
Cross or r member thcreot or
by r doctor of medicino or n7
medicrl sGrvice personnel or by
rn investlg-tor or intollige~co
officer or by ~ny other person
who middotppers to the Tribunrl to
hrvc nersonPl knowledge ot tha
llltters continod in tho r port
J) An eftidavit deposition or other
signed statement
(4) A diary letter or other document
including sworn or unsworu steteshy
ments-which appear to the Tribushy
nal to contain inforlll8tion relat shy
ing to the chmiddotarge
- 26 shy
(5) A copy of e document of lther
seclnch1ry Evidence lr its contents
if the oripin~l is not immediately
nvPileble
d JudiciPl Not~ce The Tribunal shall
neither require prof of rccts or common knewledpe
nor or the authenticity of ~rricial ~~vernment
~ocuocnts and reports or rny nation or or the proshy
cecdins records end findinrs or militnrymiddot or other
arencies or rny er the United Nations
e Records Exhibits llld Documents The
transcript or the procecdinps rnd exhibits end
documents submitted to theTribun~l will be filed
with the General Stcretary ormiddotthc Tribunal end will
constitute plrt or the Record
RTICLE 14 PlPee or Triel The first trial
will be held at Tokyo end eny subsequent tria~s
~111 be held et such rleces a$ the Tribunnl decides bull
poundIlTICLE 15 Course of Trial Proceedings The
-proceedinfs et tho Trial will take the fcllowing
C1JUISel
a The indictoent will be read in court
unless the roadinf is waived by all accused
b The Tribunalmiddot will ask each accused-
llhothtr he pleads ruilty er not ruilty
c The prosecution and each accused (by
counsel only 1 represented) ~ay ~ake a cmcise
opining stotencnt
d The prosecution ond defense may ofter
evidence nnd the admissibility or the same shall be
dpoundtermined by the Tribune~
- 27 shy
e The rrosecution end each accused bf
coun~el only if represented) JTl8Y examine each
witness and each accused who elves testimony
r ccused (by counsel only if represhy
sented) MSY address the Tribunal
g Tho prosecution may address the
Tribunal
h The Tribunal will deliver Judgment
and pronounce sentence
SECTICm V
JUOOI1INT ~TD 3a~~CE
RTICLE 16 Penolty Tho Tribunal shall have
the ower to im2ose upon an accused on conviction
death or such other ~unisrunent as shall be detershy
runod by it to be just
RTICI~ 17 Judgment end Review The Judgment
willmiddotbo onnounced in open court end will give the
reesons on which it is based The r~cord of the
triampl will be transmitt~d directly to the Supreme
Collllander for tho llied ewers for his action_
Sentence will be carried out in accordance with the
Order 9f the Supreme Commender for the llie_d Powqe
who mBy et ony time reduce or otherwise elter the
sentence except to increase ts severity bull
By comm1cnd or GenErl UooRTliUR
RICH1RD J MiREHLL llljor GEnerrl General-Steff cmiddotorpe
Chief of Steff
OFFICIL
s Bl Fitch B l FITCH
Brigrdior Cenorel 1 GD middot djutrnt General
28 bull
ANNEX NO A-6
JUDGMENT
WTIWATirNAL mIITAtv TRIBUNAL FOR THE PAR EAST
INDICT1NT
THf llTTlD STNJES CF AERICA TtE REPUBLIC OF CHINA
THE T~TIID YINGDO CF qEftT BRITAnr AND UCRTHERN
I~EI~D Tl-TE rmrorr CF SOVIET fCCIAUST R)lPT1J3LICS~
TFli COl~C1llUTF OF ~USTRAUA CArADA THE REgtUBLIC
OF fRAlTCE ii KIYGDrl 01 THE NETHERLAlDS NEW
ZlALAm nDI A AND Tl-~ COlJONWEALllI CF liE
PFILirgtn~s
bullAGAINST shy
A~AKI Sedao DCFIARA Kenji liASHDlOTC _Kingoro
FfTA Sunroku FIRANUMA K11chiro HIROTA Koki
HCSRnro Naciki ITGAKIbull Seishiro l7AYA Okinori
KIDO Koichi KDURA Eeitaro rcrsc Kuniaki
~~fTST1I _Iwene lATSTJCPA Yosuke MDTflI middot Jiro
HOTO llkire NAGAPO Osemi CKA Takasumi OKllllA
Shume1 OJlnfA Hiroshi S-TO Ienryo ffiIGlITSU
Memoru SPnrnA Shiretaro SP-IRATORI Tosh1o
~TZJ~I Teiichi TrGC Shigenori TCJO Hideki
UEZU Yoshijiro
Defendants
INDICJ1Ell
In the years hereinafter refe~red to in thie
Indictment the internal and foreign policies middotor JapaL
were dominated ane directed by a cr~inal militarshy
istic clique and such policies were the cause of
serious world troubles aggressive wars end great
- 29 shy
damage to the interests of reace-loving peoples es
well as the interests of the 1apanese peo1e themshy
selves
~he ampind of the Jananese people wes systematicshy
ally poisoned with harmful ideas of the alleged
raciel superiority of ~aran over other peopls of
Asia and even of the whole world Such parllamentarl
institutions es existed in Japan were used as impleshy
ments for widespread aggression and a system similat
to those tren established by Hitler and the Nazi
party in Germany and by the Faicst party in Italy
was introduced The economic and financial resourtef
of lapan were tc a large extent riobillzed for war
a lJiis to the detrinent of the velfare of the Japanespound
pao~le
A conspiracy between the defencants joined in
br the rulers of othr aggressive countries naLely
Tazi Germany anc Fascist Italy as entered into
The rmiddotain objects of tis consiiracy vmiddotas to secure
the dominetion and exrloltation br the aggressive
States of the rest of tte world end to this end
to collllit or encourage the co~mission of crires
against peace war crimes end criries against humanshy
ity as defined in the Charter of this Tribunal thus
threatening end in~uring the basic principles of
liberty end respect fer the hunen personality
In the _rrorotion end accor1plishment of that
achene t~ese defendants taking advantege of their
power and their official positions and their own
personal ~restige and influence intended to and
did plan prepare initiate er vege aggressive ver
- JObull
against the United States of America the Republic
of China the United Kingdoll of Great Pimiddotaain ampnd
trorthern Irelend the 1Tnion of Soviet 50cialist
Republics the Cort1rtonwea 1th of Australia Canada
the Renublc of France the Yingcom of tre Nethershy
lends Pew Zealenc India tte CoJ11onwea 1th of the
Philippines end other reaceful nations in vioetion
of international law es well as in violetion ol
sacred treat- cotJni tme_nts obligetlons and assurshy
ances such plan ccnteu~leted end carried out th~
vibhtion of recognized custoras end conventions of
war b murder in~ niaiming anlt ill-treating prisoners
of war civilian internees end persons OL the high
sees denyine theM edequate food shelter clothing
medicsmiddotl cere or other alrroprifte attention
forcing them to labour under inhwane conditions
end subjecting thera to indignities exploit to
Japans benefit the llenpower snd economic resources
of the vanquished netions plundering public end
private ))ropert1- wantonly destroying cit tms
end villPges beyond eny justification of m1~~tery
neceesity nerretrate mess murder rape pillege
brigEndage torture ampnd other barbaric cruelties
uron the helpless civiliun populetion of the overshy
run countries increampse tre influence and control
of the- mil1t1Jr nnd navel grours over Jepcnese
government offic lels Fnd egencies psyl)hologicelly
prepare Japan-se public opinion for argressive warshy
fare by establishing so-celled ~ssistcnce Societies
teaching netionelistic policies of expansion disshy
seminetinr w~r proprgende end exercising strict
- Jl shy
control over the press rnd redio set up puppet
governuents in conuered countries conclude rlilit-ry
aliicnces with Germn~middot rnd Itrl to enhnce by
military 1ight Jfnrn s progrtrime of expansion
Therefore the cbove nr-ned N2ticns ty their
undersicned representntives ~uly cppoi~ted to
renresent their respective Gover=ents in the invesshy
tigction of the chorges cgcinst end the prosecution
of the middotIe-jor We r Criminrls iiursuent to the Potsdm
Decl~rton of the 20th Jul 1945 end the Instrushy
ment of Surr-rnder of thE 2nd Septerober 1945 0nd
the Chrrter of the Tri bun 1 hereby 0 ccuse cs guilty
in the respects hsrein~fter set forth of Crimes
igcinst Oeece 1rr Grines rmiddotnd Criries gninst wn1mshy
ity ond of rommon Pl1-bullns or Conspircies to collJlit
these Crimes 211 cs defined in the Ch~rter of the
Tribuml end rccordingly n~me rs Defendnts in this
cruse end cs indicted on the Counts hersin1middotfter set
out in which their n-middotns respectively qipe( r ~11
the [bove-n_med individurls
GRCUP NI CRI89 AGAIST FE CE
The following counts charge Crimes against
Feece being Pcts for which it is charged that the
persons naned and each of trem are indivi~ually
resnonsible in accordance with Article 5 and particshy
ularly frticle 5(a) and (b) of the Charter of the
International ilitary Tribunal for the Far East
and in accordance with International Law or either
of them
- J2 bull
CotTNI 1
P11 the DefendMts together ~1th divers other
persons between the let January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
Axecution of a common rlan or conspirac~ and are
resnonsible for all acts performed by themselves
or br anr )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such ~lan or ccnsniraci was that
Japan should secure the military naval poll ti cal
and economic dorinetion of East bullsia and of the
Pacific and Inaian Oceans and of all countries and
islands therein end bordering thereon and for that
nurpose slould alone or in combination with other
ccuntries hevinf sillilar objectii or who could be
indicecl or coerced to foin therein wage declared
or undeclared wer or wars of aggression and war or
wars middotin violetion of international lew treaties
agreements and assurances ega~nst eny country or
countries which might oppose that ~urpose
The whole of the ~articulars in Appendix A
of the Treaty Jrticles in Appendix B end of the
ssurances in bullppendix C relate to this Count
CCUNT 2
~11 the Defendants toqether with divers other
persons between the 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or eccomrlices in tbe formulation er
execution of a cormiddotUlOn 1an or conspiracy and are
resgtonsi ble for ell acts perforr1ed by themEelves or
by an3middot person ln execution of such plan
- 33 shy
The object of such_pian or conspiracy wes that
laren should ascure the military navel political
end economicmiddot dominction of the rovinces of Lieoning
Kirin Heilunpkieng end lehol bein~ perts of the
Re)ublic cf Chine either directl~ or by establishshy
ing a separate state under the control of Jenen
end for that rurpoae should wage declared or undeshy
clared war or wars of aggression end war or wars
in violation of internationai law treaties agreeshy
ments and assurances against the Republic of China
The whole of the Particulors in ~ppendix 1
the following rrreaty rticles in lpendix P Nos 1
to 6 inclusive 8 to 14 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive
32 to 35 inclusive and tlie following ssurances in
~ppendix C Nos 1 to 8 inclusive relate to this
Count
cmrr-1] 3
All the Defendants together with divers other
oersons betveen tbe 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 particpeted as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a corimon ilan or consbull~racy Fnd are
resionsible for all acts perfoned bi ttemselves or
b1 inymiddot )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or conspirscy wes that
Japan should ~ecure the military navel political
and economic doffiinetion of tha Reutlic of Chins
either directly or by estblishingmiddot separate state
or stctes under the control of Japcn Pnc for thct
~urpose shoulc wage declared or unceclared wrr or
- 34 shy
wars of age-ression end wer or vars in violation
of international law treaties agreements and
assurances agein~t the Rerublic of China
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix l end the sane Treaty rticles and ssurances as in Count
2 relate to this Count
CCTJNT 4
11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons betwemiddoten tle stmiddot Zanuory 1928 and the 2nd
Senterrber 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instieotors or eccomrlices in the formulation or
execution of a comrion lan or cons1gtiracy ind ere
resnonsible for ell sets performed by themselves or
b any person in execution of such plin
The object cf such plan or ccns~iracy was that
Jenan should secure the 11ili tary nuvel political
and economic do11nation of East sia and of the
Facific ond Indian Oceans tnd of ell countries end
islands therein or borderinpound thereon end for thet
purrose should alone or in coabim tion with other
countries bovine sniler objects or who could be
induced or coerced to Join therein wage declared or
undeclered wer or we-rs of aggression and wer or
wars in violPtion of internationhl la~ treaties
egreerents )nd assuu-nces egt-instmiddot the Pnited Strtes
of neric11 tre British Conmonwealth of Nutions
(which expression ~herever used in this Indictment
inoludes the UnitedKingdom of Greot Britsin end
Northern Ire lend the Commonweel th of bullustrelil
CFOds Jew ZePlond South ifiicE India Burma thbull
- 35 shy
I~P lay States end all other narts of the Eri tish
Erpire not serarately represented in the League of
Nations) the Republic of France the lingdom of
the letherlends tre Republic of China the Republic
of Portueel the Kingdom of ~hailand the Cororronshy
wea 1th of the Philippines ana tle tTnion of Soviet
Socialist Reublics or such er them as might oppose
trat ptlIJOOSB
Tle whole of the Particulars in Aopendix A
end of the ~reaty Articles in A9pendix P and of the
Assurances in Appendix C relete to this Count
CCUtT 5
~11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons beteen tJie 1st lanuer 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 rarticipated es leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a conunon plan or conspiracy and are
responsible for all acts performed by themselves or
by an person in execution of such plan
The ob1ect of such plan or conspirec was that
Germany Italy end apan should secure the military
navalmiddot politicalend economic doriination of the
whole world each having special domination in its
own sphere the sphere of Japan covering East tisie
the Pacific and Indien Oceans and all countries end
islands therein or bordering thereon end for that
nurnose should mutually assist one another to wage
declared or undeclared war or wars of aggression
and war or wars in violation of international law
treaties a~reelents end assurances against any
countries which might o~~ose thet ~~rpose and parshy
ticularly against the United States of America the
British Comraonwealth of Nations the Renublic of
France the 1ingdcm of the Netherlands the Republic
of Uhina the Republic cf Portugal the Kingdom of
Thailand the Commonwealth of the Philippines end
the Union of Soviet Socialist Renublics
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix A and
of the Treaty ~rticles in lppendix 1 and of the
Assurances in ppendiz C relate to this Count
CCUNT 6
hll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928middot
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression end a war in violrtion of intershy
national law treaties agreSlents andassurances
against the Renublic of China
The followingSections of the Particulars in
lppendiz rros l to 6 inclusive end the same
Treaty rticles and Assurances as in Count 2 relate
to this Count
COTThT 7
lll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression and a war in violation of intershy
national law treaties agreements end assurences
against the United States of rmerica
The followine middotsections of the Particulars in
1ppendiz middot Nos 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10_ tle folJowshy
ing Treaty ~rticles in Appendix B Nos l to 10
bull 3T bull
inclusive 17 to 19 inclusive 22 to )5 inclusive
end 37 and the whole of the f surences in ppendix
C relate to this Count
CCUNT 8
Ill the Defendants between the 1st Jenury
1928 end the 2nd September 1945 planned and preshy
pared a wer of aggression end e war in viohtion of
international law treaties agreements end assurshy
ances epeinst the lTnited lingdom of ltlreet Britein
end Northern I~elend enc ell rerts of the British
CommonwePlth of Nations not the subject of separate
counts in this Indictment
The following Sections of the ~erticulors in
lpehdix middotbull N~ J 4 5 6 7 9 End 10 nd tbe
fcllowine Trepoundty 1rticles in ppendix B Nos 1 2
5 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive 32 to
)5 inclusive 37 and J8 and the whole of the
bullseuronces in 0pendix C relate to this Count
C(ITJT 9
All the Defendentsmiddotbetween the 1st January
1928 fnd the 2nd September 1945 plEnned end preshy
prred e war of eggression Ende war in violcticn of
internntion~l low treaties egreements anQ assurshy
ences geinst the Cor1nonveilth of ustralie
The sene Sectiofts of the Portioul~rs in
ppendix rnd the some Trety middotrticles poundgtnd ssurshy
~noes rs in Count 8 relrte to this Count
- JS shy
COTHT 10 bull
middot11 tl-J e Defencrrts between the 1st Jonu~ry 192
end tbe 2nd Seutember 1945 plnned cnd prepmiddotred e
wFr of nRression ~nd WPr in vlolbulltion of intershy
nctionamiddot1 l~w tre 0 tics rgreeuents rnd essurampnC6S
cpPinst Rew 7eelrnd
The s~le Cections of the ~rticulirs in ~ppudi
Z end the SEmiddotme Trety rticles end )ssurrnces fS i1
Count 8 relcte to this Count
CCTT 11
111 the Delend~nts beteen the 1st J1middotnurgtry 1921
rnd the 2nd Se~tcober 1945 plnned and prepcred
war of oegression ~nd c wrr in viot~iion of intershy
ntioIel lr-w treeties rgreenents rnd essuronce
rgoinst c~nd3
The srme Sections of the ~rrticulfrs nprendi
middot end the s~ne Trerty rticles nd ssur-nces- rs in
Count 8 relFte to this Count
CCITI 12
f11 tto Dcofendnts between tbe 1st i nury 92
ena tr e 2nc Sef)tenter 1945 ~lenned ~nd nrapired 8
wor of -egresson ind c Wr n viohtion of intershy
nrt~omiddotmiddot--1 lrmiddotw trampcties Fgreenents ~nd cssur~middotnces
against India
The ssroe Sections of the rarticu~ in ~ppendiJ
and the sar-e Treaty rticles end ssurarces as 1
Connt 8 relate to this Count
~ 39 shy
C()TJT 13
~11 the Defendants between the 1st JenuPry 192
and the 2nd September 1945 planned end nrepered a
war of aggression and a wer n violction of intershy
national law treaties agreenents end assurances
against the Corironwealth of tle rilirmiddotnines
The sane Sections of the ~artcul9rs in ppendil
and the ss~e Treaty ~rticles end tssurances as in
Count 7 relate to this Count
CCTTT 14
11 the Defendants between the 1st 1enuary 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 ~lenned aad prersred a
wer of aegression znd a wer in viclEtion of intershy
national law treet-ies egreeraents end assurauces
arainst the Kingdol of the ~TeterlEltnds
The following Sections cf the Particulars in
ppendix ~ 11os J 4 6 7 9 and 10 the follcwshy5 ing Treaty rticles in ppendix R Nos 1 to 5
inclusive 10 to 18 inclusive 20 22 to JO inclusivf
32 to 35 inclusive 37 a~d 38 end tte f ollovin~
sur~nces in ~-pendix C tlos 10 to 15 inclusive
relate to this Cou~t
CrTl 15
11 the Defendnts between t~e 1st January
1928 end tr e 2nc1 Se[lterber 1945 planned end
~repered a var of fression enc a wer in violeti_on
of internetional la~ treities aerreerents end
assurences agaicst the Rerublic of ~ranee
~te following Sections of the Particulors in
- 40 shy
ppeniix middot osbull 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 tre
folloving Treaty ~rticles in ipendix B Nos 1 to
5 inclusive 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to 30 inclusive
and 32 to 38 inplusive and the follobulling Assurmceio
in ppendix C os 14 and 15 relate to this Count
COTl 16
11 the Lefendants betveen tle 1st anuary
1928 and the 2nd Sentember 1945 1anned and preshy
rsrecl a war of afgression encl a buller in violation of
international lew treaties agreements and assurshy
ances apeinst tte Lingdcm of Theilend
The following Sections of the ~erticulers in
ppendix bull Nos 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 and
the followin Treaty middotrticles in middotpenCix B lJos
3 4 5 JO end 32 to 38 inclusi~~ ~elate to this
Ccunt
crHT 17
111 the Defendants between the 1st January
1928 and the 2nd September 1945 planned end rreshy
rered a wer of afgressl en and a r in viohtion of
international lav treaties i_reerents ond assurshy
ances qeinst t~ e ncn of Soviet ~ocialist
Renublics
Tre followinr Sections of the amprticulars n
bullnendix bull Nos 1 to 8 inclusive ancl the folluing
Jreety middotrtic] es Lmiddot lenclix B os 1 to 5 inclusive
10 to 18 inclusive 32 tc 35 inclisive 39 to 47
inclusive Pnd middotmiddotssurence Ho 13 in npendix C
relEte to this Count
- 41shy
CCF 18
middothe Defendents 1KI DCFIR RfSHIMOTO
I1 bullm1- bull IT bullotTI Kcrsc rJI I cKrt 11IGELITSU
TC10 and middot~rzu on qr ebout the lftth Septerber 1931
1nit1eted a wer of aggression and a warin violation
of internetionel law traaties egreeLen ts und
assurances egainst the Republic cf China
Rection 1 of the Terticulr in ppendix
ond the followinf Treety rticles in trpendix f3 ~cs 1 to 5 inclusive 11 to 14 inclusive 22 23
25 30 40 to 43 inclusive rehte to this Count
CC1t 19
The Dereridfnts CllI I lCFIRR p middotSPIClO
fTbull RIl~ll PI1CTmiddot EOSfHO IT~KI I1Y IGDO
HTqlJ TTT( SUZUKI TOJC ind UMEZU on or about
the 7th July 1937 initiated a ~er of aggression
rnd e wrr in viohtion of internc-tionel lrw tre~ties
Egreea~nts nd 2ssur2nces egtinst the Republic of
Chine
Section 2 of t~e ~rticulpoundrs in ~rpendix ~ the
same rety middotrticleuros rs in Colrnt 18 nd the folloving
tssur~nceuros in middotnnenrx C os 3 4 ~nd 5 rel-te
to this Count
err_ 20
he Defandmiddot rts DCPJ l PilTJl FrCTmiddot
FCll-fIPO ybullmiddotr I~IDlt ITIJRI lUTC ~GYO OK~
r~~ Smr siT111nr S~ZUI TC0C ~nd TC70 en or
bullbcut the 7th Dscecter 19Ll 1~itiatee ~frac12~r of
rg~r0se ion ~ rc ~- wltr in viol tlcl cf internt i_onc 1
- 42 shy
bull lew treeties middotrreenents end cssurnces grinst
the United Stltes of merice
Section 9 of the Terticulers in Pendix
the follow in~ Treatmiddot r~icles in npencix S ifos
1 to 9 inclusive~ 19 22 tQ JO inclusive )3 34 end
37 and the whole of the t~surances in 1ppendix C
relate to this Count
ccrn 21
The same Defend9nt~ es in Count 20 on or about
the 7th December 1941 initiated e var of aggression
an~ a wer in viol2tlcn of international law treatie~
agreellents en( assurances aga~nst the ~orllonvealth
cf tte Trili-pines
The sane Jart i_cbullilere Treat~middot frticles and
~ssurances 1s in Count 20 relate to this Count
CCIJT 22
The ssLe Defencl11ts as i- Coant 20 cn_ or about
tbe 7th Decelber J941 iitiated a var of aeressicn
ana a war in viol2tion of internat~unal las treatie~
agree1nents and assurances afainst tbe ritish
rcnnonwealth of Natcns
Section 9 cf tte Perticalr s in ppendix
thegt follovinf Treaty rticles in pnenciix B Nos
J to 5 inclusive 19 22 to JO ~nclusive 33 and 37
and the hole of the ~ssurences in rppendix C
relate to tr is Cobulltnt
Tte lefendsnts tlrI )CEIPmiddotq 1IPrmmiddotmiddot
- 4) shy
HIROTA HOSHINO ITICKI KIDO W TSUQKJ liUTI
NCJNO SHIClITSU end TOJO on 0r ebout the 22nd
Se~tember 19~0 initieted ewer of errression end
e ~Br in violetion of international lEw treetiFs
egreements end essurences efeinst the Re~ublio of
Frence bull
The seme Perticulers Treety Jrticles end
Ps~urences sin Count 15 relrte to this Count
CcUfilZh
The srne tefendants es In Count 2J on or Eboui
the 7th Decembfr 1941 initietec ewer of errression
and a ~Pr in violetion of internetione le~ treeties
egreements enc assurances e~einst the Kinrdom of
Theiland
Section 7 of the Particulars in A~pencix A end
the following Treety Jrticles in Appendix B Nos l
to 5 inclusive 33 34 36 37middotend 38 relete te
this Count
QOUNT 25
The Defendents ATJgtKI DOHIHJRA HJTA HihANUMA
HIROTA HOSHirO ITJCJII KIDO MATSUOKJ Mi TfUI
SHIGUITSU and SUZUKI curing July end August
1938 inititec ewer of Pffression end ewer in
violetion of internetional lautrerties egreements
enc es~urences by ettecking the Union of Soviet
Socielist Re~ublics in the eree of Lake Khasan
The serne Perticulers Trerty Articles end
Assurences es in Count 17 1 relate to this Count
- 44 shy
CCTTTlT 26
The Defendents middot-~YI )CHlli1U HT BIRcll
ITGU(I lIDC HIS lTiTTI lTSUCK 1 ~UT0 SUZUmiddotI
0GC TCJO end nnztr durin the summer cf 1939
initiated a war of sgrression and a vsr in violoticn
of international lev treeties agreements and
assurances by attacking the territory of the
J~npolian Peonlebulls Republic in the area of the
Kha1khin-Gol River
The same eirticulars Treaty rticles and
ssurcnces as in Ccunt 17 relate to this Count
C(TJT 27
11 the Defend5nts bet~een the lEth Septenber
1931 end the 2nd September 1945 waged a wer of
aggression 8nf a bullrr in viol~tion of intern~tionel
lew trecties fgreenents and assurances flfeinst the
Republic of Chine
The seme Perticulars Trety rticles snd
~ssurrnces ~sin Count 2 rel~te to this Count
C(T~T 28
11 tte Pefend~nts between the 7th July 1937
end the 2nd Setenber 1945 wared s wer of aggresshy
bullsion nc1 r ymiddotr in viol~tion of internctioncl ltw
trertilss egreerJGn ts end ssurnces rgiinst the
Re~ublic of Chine
The SfMe Perticulcrs Tre~ty rticles 8nd
ssurrnces -s in Cmiddotunt 2 relute ~o this Count
- 45 shy
CCUlT 29
ll the Defendents between the 7th DecElllber
1941 ~nd the 2nd September 1945 wnged 6 wrr of
rggression end c Mr in violation of intermtionel
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
United~tates of tmerica
The following Sections of the ~articulers in
pp end ix i1 os 4 middot to 10 inclusive and the sane
Treaty ~rticles and ~ssurences as in Count 20 relate
to this Count
COlP1 JO
Lll the Defendsnts between the 7th Decenber
1941 and the 2nd Spte~ber 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violetion of international
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
Corlllonweslth cf the ~hili~pines
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles and
1ssurances as in Count 29 relete to this Count
crrJl 31 middot
Ul the Defendrnts betveen the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd Se1Jtember 1945 waged a Viar of
apgression and a wer in violatiog of internationalbull
law treaties agreerents end assurances against
the Pritish Corinonviealth of Nations
~he followin~ Sections of the ~articulars in
Appendix J Nos 4 to 10 inclusive and the same
Treaty bullrticles end ssurances as in Count 22 relate
tc this Count
- 46 shy
CCTTJ 32
All tte Defendants between the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd September 1945 waged a 11r of
aggression and a war in violation of international
law trestles egreeuents end assurances agenst
tte Kingdom of tce lf1therlands
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles sne
rlssurances as in Count 14 relate to thisCount
CC 33
The nefendsnts tRTi 001smiddotnmiddot IRNUt
FIlCT~ FNFnH lTlYI YID0 ~TSTTCK IUTO
1GW0 SIG~I5 end TCJC en end after the 22nd
Septelber 1940 vaged a war of algressipn end a
war in vbullolltion of ~nternetional law treaties
arreenents end assurances against the Republic of
France
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles end
cssurances as in Count 15 relate to this Count
middot CCUNT 34
_11 tre Defendants between the 7tl Decemberbull
1941 and tbe 2nd September 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violttion of international
law treFties agreenents and assurances against
the lingdon of Treilend
middot Tte sene erticulers and Treaty rticles as
in Count 24 rBlete to t~is Ccunt
CCIDT 35 bull The smiddotme Defendants ss in Count 25 during th
- 47 shy
SWmer of 1938 waged a war of aggression and a war
in violation of international lew treoties agreeshy
nents an~ assurances against the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics
The same Particulars Treaty rticles end
lssurences es in Count 17 relte to this Count
CCUc 36
The seme Defendunts ss in Count 26 during the
surller of 1939 eged a Yer of aggression in violashy
middottion of intermticnfl lew treaties egreements poundmiddotnd
essurlnces egeinst the rmiddotonrolifn Peoples Republic
and the Union of Soviet Socielist Renublics
The SFMe Flrticulers Treaty lrticles end
ssurr-nces ts in Count 17 rele te to this Count
ltmCUlt TWO U1DEl
The following Counts chrrfe the crimes of
raurder enltl conspirecy to murder being ects for
wlich it is chi-reed thtt the persons nmed rnd ecch
of thim rre individully responsible being poundt the
seoe tine Crirnes cgcinst eoce Conventionil Wer
Orines ~nd Crimes poundguinst Humeni ty contnmiddotrJ to ell
the 1J-ragrrhs of rticle 5 of the s~id ChArter to
Internrtionmiddotl Lrw ~nc tc the middotaoL1estic lews of ell
the countries where cor-oi tted including Jrbullpr-n or
to one or ~ore of them
CCl 37
The Defendints DCPIF cl FTR 1JTnt FIRCT
- 48 shy
HCSFINC KAA I(ID0 lIlURA ~me tAGATC CYA
0SrA S~( iltJlADA SJZTTlG 00( end JCJC togethe
~ith divers other per~ons between the 1st iune
1940 and the 8t~ Decet1ber 1941 rarticipated es
leaders organizers insti~ators or accoLplices in
the formulation or execution of a corilon rlan or
consnirecy end are responsible for all acts pershy
formed b themselves or by any person in execution
of such plan
The object of amp4ch ~lan or conspiracy was unlewshy
full~middot to kill and murder the persons described
below by initiating unlegful hostilities against
the United States of bmerica the rorutonwealth of
the rhlippines the British Colraonwealth of Iletions
the Kingdom of the lfotherllnds nd the Kingdoa of
The llend sne unlewf111ly orcering causing end ershy
ciitqng the ermed forces o JaJen to attack the
territory ~ti-s ~nd eir1lenes of tbe said netions
er sore of tJierl et tiL1es when Japan vioulu be et yeece
vith the said cstons~
che r-erscns intenled to be lilled end rurdered
were eJl such rersons both members of the armed
forces of the seid nationsand civilians es might
te~nen to be in the places et the tues of such
attacks
The said hostilities end attacks were unlawful
bscause they ~ere breeches of Treaty Article 5 in
Anpendix B enf the accused enc the said armed forces
of Japan could not therefore acquire the rights of
lawful belligerents
The accused ~nc each of the~ intended that such
- 49 shy
hostilities stoulc be initiated in breach of such
Treaty ~rticle or were reckless vhether sucb Treaty
Article would be violoted or not
COTT JS
he Defendante DltHIFARA FIP~~1um nroT ~
V(l~I0 ~6t iITJC IlT~~ ATSUCKA fJTO r~GUO
CK~ (ltHD~ STC SHD~~DA suzrnI TOQO ond TOJO
to~ether with divers other ~ersons between t~s 1st
J1me 1940 and the 8th De~erruer 1941 partici)Jtted
as le6ders organizersmiddotinstgators or accomylices
in tle forllulrtion or executicn of o COLlJon rlan or
cons~irac~ end are resnonsibla for all acts pershy
formed by ttemselvss or by sny person in execution
cf such 1an
The object of suchJJlon or consnirecy wes unshy
lawfully to kill and murder the persons described
belov bibull initiating unlawful rostilities tgainst
the Uni tecI States of tmerico the Comronweal th middotof
the Thilip~ines theuro ~ritieh Cormonwealthof Notions
the Kingdon of the etherlcnde and tre l(ingdcm of
Thai lent end unlewftlly order inf causng and pershy
nittinc the armed forces cf Jicen tmiddoto attack the
torritor~ ships oud airlanes of the soid notions
or sone of treuroll
The middotersons intended to be killed enc murdered
were all such ~ersons both oembers of the aroed
forces of the said natons end civiliens as mifht
happen to be in the olaces at the tiues of such
attacks
The said hostilities ond attacks ware unlawful
- 50 shy
because they were breaches of Treaty Articles 6
7 19 33 34 end 36 in Appendix Bena the accused
end the said armed forces of span could not thereshy
fore acquire the rir-hts of lawful b~lligerents
The accused end each of then intended that such
hostilities should be initiated in breech of such
Treaty ~rticles or were reckless whether such Treaty
Articles or any of then would be violated or not
C0T11 9
The same Defendants es in Count 38 middotunder the
circumstances ellered in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing ceusinr end ermitting the armed forces of
Japan to attack tle territory ships and airplanes
of the United States of America with which bullnation
Jinien was then et peace at middotPearl Harbour Territory
of Hawaii on the 7th December )941 at about 0755
hours (Pearl Harbour time) unlawfully killed and
murdered Adniral Kidd and ebout 4000 other oembers
of the naval end nilitary forces of the United State
of America lnd certaii civilians vJiose nanes and
nurnber ere et present unknown
CfTmiddotT 40
Tee sane Defendants as in Count )8 under the
circur1stances elle~ed in Counts 37 and )8 by ordershy
ing causin~ end rerrnittinR the armed forces of
Japan to attack the territory end airplanes of the
British Conmomealth of Nations 1th which nations
Japan was then et reece et Iota Eahru Kelenten
on the 8th December 1941 et about 0025 hours
- 51 bull
(Singapore ti11e) unlawfully killed and murdered
certain menQers of the aroed forces of the Pritish
Commonwealth of Nations whose names end number are
at present unknown
comrr 41
The same Defendants as in Count 38 under the
circ110stances alleged in Counts )7 end J8 by ordershy
ing causing end rerr1ittini the a rfled orces middot of
la pen tc etteck the terri tor sb 1ps end airplanes
of the ritish Comnonwealth cf Nations with v1lich
nations Janen was then at peace at Rone Kong on
tte 8th Decenber 1941 at ebout 0800 tours (Hong
Kong time) unlawfully killed and murdered certain
members of the armed forces of the British Coraonshy
wealth of nations whose names end number are at
present unknown
CCTTNT 42 The same Defendants es in Count 38 under the
circumstances alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing CIJUSing end pernitting the arHed forces Of
Jepan to et tech H IS ETRiL a ship of the British
ComtonY-eelth of lpoundtio_ns with which nations Japan
wes then rt eece et Shibullnghei on the 8th December
1941 et cbcut OJOO hours (Shcnghei tine) unlawshy
fully killed r nt rurdered three members of the navel
forces of the ~ritish CoILlonweelth of Nations whose
names ere et present un1ltnovin
52 shy
crT1T 43 the som~ Dcfcndcnts os in Count 38 under the
ciroumstFnces alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing causing end rermittin~ the armed forces of
Jeren to ettecl the territory of the Corimonvmiddotealth of
the ~hilipnines vith which nation Japan was then at
peace et Deveomiddot on the 8th December 1941 et about
1000 hours (anila time) unlawfully killed and
murdered certain mElllbers of the armed forces of the
United States of America end of the armed forces end
civilians middotor the comiddotlLlomealth cf the Ihilippines
whose nomes end number ere at TJresent unltnown
CCUNT 44bull All the De1endents together with divers other
persons between the 18th S~pternber 1931 and the 2nd
Septenber 1945 ~erticipeted as leo~ers organizers
instigetors or eccollTJlices in the 1orruletion or
execution of a coJnon plan or consiiracbullmiddot end ere
resryonsible for ell Acts performedmiddot by theuselves or
by any person in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or consiracy was to
)rocure end permit tte- riurder on a wholesale scale
of prisoners of wer MEfubers of tht ermed forces of
countries opposed to Je~ Egtn vho id-ht le~ down their
erlls enc civilians who niht be in the rower of
Jepcn on land or sea in territories occuried by
Jaron end crews 01 shi s destromiddoted bmiddot Japinese
forces in ruthless ~ursuit of victory in the unlawshy
1ul wrrs in which Japan was or would during the
said period be ~1J8oged
- shy
CCGNT 45
The Defendcnts ARAKI L~S-Il-CTC FATA EIRJJlUlA
prqc-r abull IT ~GtYI Y- f A JIDo HATSUI mrrc SUZTTKI
rnd UHEZP on the 12th December 1937 rnd succeedinf
dcys by unl 0 wfully oreering ciusing nd peroitting
the rrmed forces of Jqfn to ctt~cl ~he City f
NPning in breach of th3 Trerty Articles ~ientiond
in Count 2 hereof tnd to slr-ughter the ihhabitents
contrcry to internrtioncl lcw unhbullwfully killed
rnd Murcered Many thousands of civili~ns end disermed
soldiers of the Re~ublic of Chine whose nemes nd
number 01re rt preEent unrnovm
CCTfT 46
The sme Defenccmiddotnts i s in Count 45 on the 21st
Cctobor 1938 end succecding dt1y s by unlswfully
ordering CUsing rnd rern11tting the rrr1ed forces
of Jrrcln to ittck the City of Canton in breech of
the TreAty ~rticles montioncd in Count 2 hereof ~nd
tc sbuehter the inheibi tilnt s contrrry tci interndegtiollf
lcw unlawfully killed r nd nurdered l~rge numbers
of ~ivilisns end disvrmed soldiers of the Republic
of Clini vhose nrmes r rc number cre st present
unknown
C(TJ 47
The scme Defendcnts rs in Count 45 prior to tte
27th October 1938 end on succeeding dsys by
unlawfully ordering cuusing ~nd pern~tting the
nmed forces of Jrpon to cttcct the City of Hcnkow
in breech of the Trenty ~rticles mentioned in Count 2
- 54 shy
bereof and to slaughter the inhabitants contrary to
internatioal law unlavfully killed and Murdered
lerge nllllbers of civilians end disar1ec solciers
of the Oepublic of China wtosa narces and nU1ber ere
et Tresent un1middotn9wn
C01-l 48
The Defendants EATA rrnc 1crso StTC SlIGEshy
EITSTT Ter end mrzu prior to the 18th June 1944
end on succeeding days by unlawfully orderi11euro
causine and arnitting the erled forces of Japan to
attack the City of Changsha in breach of the Treaty
Articles nentioned in Count 2 hereof and to slaughter
tle inhlbaents contrary to internaticnal law unlawshy
fully killed and murdered nany thousands of civ~lians
end di sarnec solders of tte Republic of China
whose nales and ru11tbcr ere tt resent unknown
COHFT 49
Tte S~ne Defencants as in Count 48 prior to
tte ett luiust 1914 ampnd on succecdin[ days by
unlamiddotfull order ins csusin[l end pe t tin the
eried forces of caigtan to attack the City of lengyen
in tre rrovince of H11nen in breach of the Treaty
trticles mentioned in Count 2 hereof end to slaufhter
the inhebi tents contrary to intermitioal lampv unlawshy
fully killed and nurdered large nuribHs of civilians
enc disarmed soldiers of the Republic of China whose
neMcs and nunber erE it present unknown
- 55 shy
CCTTIT 50
The seme Defendants as in Count 48 prior to
the 10th Noveirber 1944 and on succeeding days by
unlawfully orderine causing and pernitting the
arr1ed fo~ces of Japan at attack the Cities of Kweilishy
and Liuchow in the Province of Kwangsi in breach of
the Tre~ty Articles mentoned in Count 2 hereof and
to sleUfhter tte inhabitants contrary to internatiom
-law unlawfully killed end murdered large nuabers
of civilians and disarmed soldiers of the Republic
of China whose names and number are at present
unknownbull
cnTNT 51
The Defendants ARAYI DCEIHARA HATA IlAtUMA
I~G~YI IGDO 1ciso lmiddotATffiTI 14Tsrroy 1middott~C
SUZUKI TCGC TOJO and IDEZU by ordering causing
and permitting ~he armed forces of Japan to attack
the territories of Hongolia and the Fnion of Soviet
Socialist Republics with whicl nations Japan wamps
then at peace inmiddot the reeion of the Khalkbin-Gol
River in the summer of 1939 unlawfully killed and
murdered certain merobers of the armed forces of
onolia me the rrnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
wlose nElti1euroS and nunber are et present unknown
ccmiddotJNT 52
The Defendants ARAII DrHIHARA HT11 FIRANUJIA
FIRCt FCSFTHO ITAGAI-I KIDO l1ATStTCKJI l~TSUI
SEIGlI15CT lttZTJKI and TOJO lJy ordering causing
end permitting the armed forces of Japan to attack
- 56 shy
the territory of the Union of Soviet Socialist
Re1middotublics with Vhich nation Jarien was th~n at peace
( in the region of lake Lhasan in the months of July
and August 1938) unlawfully killed and murdered cershy
tain me1bers of the ermed forces of the rrnion of
Soviet Socialist Rebullmiddotublics whose names tnd number
are at present unknown
GRCPP TIIRpound ccvmiddotrrrbullmiddotn tR CRIS M-Ti CRIES N~middotST Fll1t7IT
The following Counts charge _conventional ier
ir~lles enlt Crir-es egelnst EunaniJy beins acts tor
wrich it is charged that the persons na~ed and each
of them are individually resnonsi ble in accordance
with trticle 5 and particuierly ~rticle 5 (b) end (c
of the Charter of the Interneticnal iilitery Tribune
for the Far East and in accordance with Intershy
national Law or either of them
CCU-T 53
The Defendants DCRIFRA ~Tt -(SJjUC
ITGA1I IAl lILC rc1~~ Iorso urc NtG~NO
CY~ CSHrmiddot~ S~TO SI-IGTSl) mutD STTZULI TOGC
TOJO and UlEZU together with divers other persons
between the 7th Decellber 1941 end the 2nd Se]ltember
1945 ~articipnted as leaders organizers instigashy
tors or accololices in thE formulation or executlon
of a corllon plan or conslirecr and ere res)onsi ble
for all acts perforMed by therselves or br any
rierson in execution of such plan
The object of such olari or consiracy yen1es to
order authorize and r ermit the Co 4ctanders-in-Chief
- -57 shy
ot the levaral Japanese naval and nilitary forces
in each of the several theatres of war in which Japan
was then engaged and the officials of the Japanese
Har inistr~middot and the parsons in ctarge cf each cf
the canps and labour units for prisoners of war and
civilian internees in territories of or occupied by
Ja)an and the military and civil police of iapan
and their respective subordinates frequently and
habitually to co=it the breaches of the Lawsmiddotend
Custcms of 11~ar as contained in and proved by the
Conventions assurances and ~rectices referred to in
l~rendix D against the ermed forces of the countries
hereinefter named end againet many thousands of
ori sonars of war end ci vi liens then in the rower of
Jenan belonpin~ to the Tni ted States of America the
British Colonwealth of rations the Republie of
France the Kingdom of the Netherlands the Cormonshy
wealth of the Flilipines the Republic of China
the Republic of Fortugal Bnd the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics end that the roverru1ent of Japa1
should abstain from takin adequate steps in accordshy
ance vd th the said Conventions and assurances end
Laws and custot1s of ~er in order to secure observenc
end prevent breaches thereof
In the case of tre Republic of China the said
plan or consryirecy began on the 18th September 1931
end the following Defendants participated therein in
addition to those above-named ARAI HASFHOTO
RAlll~ ~(~ lATSTJ middot~Tsnrn1 ~TlrlI
bull 58 shy
C0PNl 54
The Defendants DOFiJEAR~ H~TAHOffiINO ITAGAKI
KAYA Kif-0 YIMURA KOISC MUTO NAGANO OKA OSHIMA
SATC SFIGlITSU 1RIMADA flJZUYI TOGO TOJO and
UEZ1J between the 7th Deceober 1941 and the 2nd
Septeuber 1945 ordered authorized and permitted
the same ~ersons as oentioned in Count 53 to co=it
the offences therein mentioned end thereby violated
the laws cf War
In the case of the Republic of China the said
orders euthorities end permissions were given in a
period beginning on the 18th September 1931 and
the following Defendants were responsible fer the
same in addition to those named above A~AII
FASED0TO PIRUJTJrA FIROTA HATSI AT-UOKA
CCFNT 55
bull The Defendants DCFIB~RA HAT HOSE-INO ITAGfiKI
KrA iID0 YIHlTRP KCIS0 EUTC NAGfNC OKA Ofxllll
S~TC PIGIlITCTT Sl-DiD~ ampJZUKI TCGO TOJO and
tn~zu between the 7th December 1941 end the 2nd
September 1945 being by virtue of their respective
offices responsible for securing the observance of
the said Conventions end assurances and the Laws and
Customs of ar in respect af the armed forces in
the countries hereinafter named and in respect of
many thousands of prisoners of war end civilians then
in the power of Japan belonging to the United States
of rmerice the British Comrn0nwealth of ~fations
tte Republic of France the Kingdom of tle Nethershy
- ~9 shy
lends the Cormonwealth or the hilippines the
Republic or China the Republic of Portugel end the
Union or Soviet socialist Republics deliberotely
rnd recklessly disregorded their legal duty to1toke
rdequete stops to secure the observonce end prevent
brerohes thereof rnd thereby violcted the lows of
wrr
In the case or the Republic of China tha said
offence begFn on the 18th September 1931 and the
following Defendi-nts were responsible for the same
in addition to those nemed above JRtKI FtSHICTO
FRJPlr HROT- ~~-ToTI HTltTOK~ INJI middot
11herefore this Indictment is lodged with tte
middot Tribun~l poundnd tJie chcrges herein mrde agllinst the
ebove-nomsd Defendants ere hareby presented to the
Tribunal
Joseph B Keenan bull Chief of Counsel acting on behalf of-the
United Strtes of merico
Hsiang Che-Chun
~s sooiete Counsel acting on bah lf or the Republic of China
I s Comyns Cirr
ssocilte Coulsel eoting on behclf of the United fingdom of Greet Brtt11in Pnd Northe
Irelond
S bull Golunsky
ssoc1rte Coubullsel ncmiddott1ng on beholf of the Union of Soviet SoerCl1st Re1)ubl1cs
6Q shy
A J 1nsfeldshy
middotmiddotfsocirte Counel rctine on beh0lf of the Comrionwc~lth or ustrelie
II G folen
r ssociete Counsel t cting on behelf of C(mida
Robert bullneto
ssociate Counsel acting on behelf of the Reublic of ~ranee
W G F BoegerhOff ~ulder
ssocirte Counsel rcting on beholf of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
R H quillhm
Jssocitte Counsel Pcting on behrlf of New Zerlrnd
pbullpGovinds lenon ~ s Comyns Carr
ssociete Counsel ccting on behlf of Indi e
edro Lopez
tssociate Counsel actinF on behelf of the Col1Dlonwerlth of the Philippines
- 61 shy
APPENDIX J
SUirlllarized Particulars sho~in the principal Matters
and Events upon which the Prosecution will rely in
support of the several Counts of the Indictment in
Groun Cne
SECTION 1 1
ILIT1 AGGRESSIN HT lANCHURIA
From January lst 1928 onwards there was a plot
in the Japanese Arm~middot and particularly in the lwantun
Army s~nrorted by certain civilians tomiddotcreete an
incident in 1anchuria which should form a pretext
forIepen to conquer occupy and exploit that Country
as the first ste~ in a scheme of eominetion which
later extended to other parts of Chine to the terr1-
tory of the Union of Soviet Socialast Republics
end ultnately to a wider field aiming to make Japer
a dondnent power in the World
The major events in the execution of it were
About 18th September 1931 Following a long
period of infiltration end consequent friction
Je]lenese troons blew ur a portion of the South
anchurien leilwey falsely accused Chinese troops
cf doing so attacked thet end thereafter pro~resshy
sively end repidlr carried out a Ililitery occupation
of the Chinese provinces of Liaoning Kirin Heilungshy
kieng end Jehol (the north-eastern provinces)
About )rd January 1932 Japanese forces occushy
pied Chnctow in sri te of e ssurance given by their
~oreigh Office to the United States on 24th November
1931 that they would notdo so
- 62 shy
Beginning about 18th Jeruary 19Ji Japanese
nevsl and later military forces attacksd the
Chinese in Shanghai
About 28th to 29tb January 19)2 Jaosnese
bonbed Cbsps1 middotat 1215 am
~b0ut 1st Febtusry 1932 Jeysnese viarships
shelled l1smlng middot
Jurin 1932 Jspen set up a separate puppet
novernrient in the said ~rcvinces enc on 15th Ssptsmshy
b~r 1932 officially recognized it
The 1BSn~ss Government which cals into power
on 13th December 1931 and ell subsequent Japanese
Governments adopted supported and continued thismiddot
sggre_ssion end its grsdusl extension over ether pamprtE
of Chins
Jsren delivered no declsrstion of 1ar against
Chine nade no effort to settle the alleged dispute
by pacific means or by mediation or arbitration
rejected on 5th February 1932 an offer of mediatio
by the United States Greet Britain enc ~ranee
refused to Gdopt the repcrt ampnd recommendations cf
the Lytton Commission apTJointed by the League of
Nations of which Jspen end Ctins were members ormiddot
the resolutions of the League and on 27th ]~rch
1933 reslgned froll the League
Cn 18tr ADril 1934 Jersn announced her absoshy bull lute opposition to sny foreign interference in Chins
other than her cwn
On 1st lerch 1934 Jspsn caused Henry Ju Yi to
be in~tslled es the norinal ruler of the so-celled
Stats of JisncbuJuo Nevertheless large Japanese
- 63 shy
crmies continued down to the 2nd September 1945 to
be mdntcined in these t0rritories using th1am s t
bmiddotse for further rggression ~nd to control together
with J_-p~ nse civi lifn offici ~ls the whole Governshy
ment industry nd finrnce thereof
SECTINT 2
1ILITAR GG1ESSINT IN lW REST 0F C-INA
Jor nesc rggressiCn geinst Chin entered r new
phc oe on July 7th- 1937 when her r_rmy invdod Clinc
south of the Grot r11 [nd htr goverruient ndoptcd
supported lt nd continued the rggresslon 111 subshy
sequent J~~~ncse Governments did the scme
Subsequent mbull_ jor events in this ph~middotse wore
-~bout 19th to 25th septembar 1937 Jrpmiddotnese
forces bombed r~cnking rnd Cc nton r nd deli bcrc te ly
killed lmiddot rge numbers of civilLns
- About 13th December 1937 J-p nese forces
c~Dtured fnking slruhtcred mcny thousnds of
civilimiddotns na committed other outr~ges
During 1940 J~prn Sbt up r- soprrto puppet
Governrotnt in those vrts of Chinbull (other thrn the
four north-o stern privinces _ bove-mcntioned) which
sh- then occuied clriming to be the Nbulltion l
Government of the Reuublic of Chinr middot-nd middotbout
0th November 1940 offic1~ lly rccognizod it bullbull rgbullin J~pmiddotn delivered no dcclrrction of wbullr on
Chinr m~de no rttcmptmiddottc settle the lleged dispute
by pbullcific mcns or by medi~tion or ~rbitr tion
refueed on 25th September 1937 to prticipte in
the Frr Erstern fdvisory Cotllllittee of the Lccgue of
Nr- tions rltcfused on 27th October middotnd og-in on 12th
Novzmbor 1937 to ~tt~nd the Conferenceheld t
Brussels of trG other signmiddottories to the Nine-Power
Trerty of 6th Febru~ry 1922 or to qiscuss its
rppliomiddottion refused on 22nd September 1938 to sit
with the Lemiddotguc of H tions to medirte her disrute
with Chin middotnd on 4th Povcmber 1938 decl red thst
the scid Nin~-Fower Trety WS obsolete
Jrpmiddotn continued her militbullry ~ggression in
Chim by cmiddot pturinz rnong other cities Frnkow on
the 27th October 193~ Ch ngshr on the 18th June
1944 Hsn~y-ng on tre 8th tugust Kweilin on the
10th IovmiddotJbcr nd liqchow on the 11th November of
the Sle yemiddotmiddotr r-nd deliber tcly killed lcrg~ numbers
of civ1li 0 ns bull nd committGd othor outrbullges in erch of
the cities ~fori-mmtioned
SECTION 3 ECPT(IC 1 0GRESSJQ-T I CIW lTl) GRlltTFR imiddotsr middotsrmiddotbull
During the period covered by this Indictment
~pmiddotn est~blished ~ gbncrrl superiority of rights
in f-vour of her own ntionmiddotls which effectivamply
eremiddot ted 111onopolics in comrercimiddotl industril middotmiddotnd
finmiddot ncil enterprisas first in lmiddot nchurimiddotmiddot nd 1 ter
in other prts of Chinmiddotmiddot whch c aa under her dominshy
rtion nd exploitad those rcgioiis not only for the
Gnr fobmen t of JmiddotmiddotO n nd those of her nction ls pmiddotrshy
ticimiddot ting in thosG entsrnrises but s -rt of
scheme to 1leken the resist nee of Chiflr to exclude
other -middot tions middot nd n middotticnmiddotls nd to provide funds
nd munitions for further I ggression
li5 shy
This plmiddotn middots w~s the intention of soll~ rt le st
or its oripintors both on its economic rnd militry
side err dumiddot 11 cc me to embrce siuilmiddotr designs on
the remmiddotinder or ~-st si~ middotnd CCOPnio
LntGr it WS officibulllly exprnded into the
Gretcr E st middotsi- Co-Prosperity Sehemc ( a title
designed to cover up ~- scheme for completeJpmiddot nese
dominrtion of those -rcmiddots) -nd Jbullmiddotpmiddotn declmiddotred thrt
tris wbullmiddots tho ultimrte rurpose of the militcry
ocinpr ign
The sbullme org nizltions rs re mentioned in
Section 4 hereof were used for the ~bove purposes
SECTION 4
lrTHCDS CF CCRRTrTI(W tD C0RCINT Tmiddot CFH middotrm OTHltR OCClI~D T~RRITORI~s
Durin the whole period covered by this
Indictment succossive Jrpnese Governments through
their llilitmiddotry 11d nvrl commmiddotnders ~nd civilLn
(gents in Chinmiddot nd other territories which they
hmiddot d occupied or dt3signed to occupy pursued (l systemshy
r tic policy of wemiddotmiddotl-ening the nmiddottive inh-bitmiddotnts will
to re~ist by ~trocities middotnd cruelties by force nd
thre~ts of force by bribery nd corruption by
intrigue r mongst loo~ l poll ticirns nd generr ls by
directly bullnd indirectly eneourmiddotging inerebullsed proshy
duction middot nd importmiddotbulltion of opium nd other nmiddotrcotios
-nd by promoting the Sle nd consumption of such
drugs middotmong such peole middot The Jrpr- nose Govlt1rnment
secretly provided l 0 rge sums of noney which togotht
with bullrofits rroll thegovernment-sponsored tr~rrie
- 66
in opillll end other narcotics and othermiddot trading
ectivitiea in such areas frac12ere used by agents of the
Jananese government for all the above-mentioned
~urposes ~t the seme time the Japanese Government
was actively participating in the rroceedings of the
League of retions Co=ittee on Traffic in Opium and
other Dangerous Drugs and desrite her secret
activities above-mentioned professed to the frac12orld
to be co-operating fullj _with other meL1ber nations
in the enforcement of treaties governing traffi~ in
opiwi end other narcotics to which she was a party
This participation in end sponsorship of illicit
traffic in narcotics was effected through a number
of Japanese goverruiental organizations such as the
lenchurian Affairs Board the Chine Affairs Board
end the Southern Region Affairs Soard which were
combined in 1942 to form the Greeter East Asia
inistry and num-arous subsidiary organizations end
tradin~ companies in the various occunied end soshy
eelled independent (puppet) countries which were
ope~ated or su~ervised by senior officers or civilshy
ienjaProintees of the Army fnd the Navy
Further reve1Ue trom the above-mint ioned
traffic in opium end other narcotics was used to
finance the ~reparation for end waging of the wars
of aggression set forth in this Indictment and to
establish end finance the nuppet ~overnments set up
ly the Japanese overnmeht in the various occuried
territories
- 67 shy
SECTION 5
G-0YRL tgt- ~R TIt Fr1 middotR
Vtith a view to future wars of aggression and in
order to prevent other nations frolll interference in
her war cf aggression alre9dy in prog~ess against
China ~a~9n frorn 1st January 1932 onwards strength
ened her nsvel military nroductive End finenci9l
preperetions for war In particular but without
li~iting th0 above alle~ations
(e) t~VH
bout 29th December 1934 she denounc
ed the 1ashington lkvtl Treaty efter an
unsuccessful attenpt to persuade the other
Signatories to agree to a common upper
limit of global nrvsl tonnage for her own
obvious cdvvntege
bout 23rd J~ne 1936 she refused to
adhere to the London Nevel Treaty
On or about 12th February 1938 she
refused to reveal her nlbullVel building pl1cns
on request by the United St9tes Britein
~nd France
t rll times she secretly increased
her nev~l strength
middott Ell times end especiolly throughout
1941 she Made secret n~vrl plans for the
eurprise attacks which ultimetely toek
place on December 7th-8th 1941 on Pearl
Harbour Sngepore Hong Kong 11aye end
Sh~nghei Od for similer attacks on other
plscemiddots in the Pccific tnd Indien Ccens end
- 68 shy
and on the territocy of the Union or soviet
Socialist Republicsmiddot
(b) MILITARY
Japan continuall7 and progressivel7
increased the size of her arm7 not onl7 as
required for her war of ag~ression against
China but to a larger extent for the purshy
pose of other wars of aggression On the
6th April ~9amp9 she passed a general
Mobilization Law and tmreafter put it
into effect
(c) NAVAL AND MILITARY
Japan cont lnual 17 and progress i vel7
fortified th islands for which she held a
mandate from the League of Nations
Treat7 Articles violated 15 17
18 31
(d) PRODUCTIVE
Japan continuall7 ard progressivel7
increased her capacit7 tor the production
of munitions or war both on her Oiln tershy
ritor7 and in terrltories occupied or conshy
trolled b7 her to an extent greater than
was required for her war of aggression
against China for the purpose of other
wars of aggression
(e) FINANCIAL
The finance for all the above-mentioned
purposes was provided pa rtl7 through the
Budget b7 taxation partl7 by loans ani
partly from the profits of the exploit~ttons
bull - 69 shy
as described in Section 3 herect and
particular y of the sae of narcotics as
described in Section 4 hereof
SECTION 6
THE ORGANIZATIOll OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FlgtR WAR
Two provisions incorporated by ordinance or
custom in the Japanese constitution gave to the milishy
tarists the opportunity of gaining control over the
Governments which they seized during the period
covered by this Indictment
The first was that not only had ttw Chiefs of
Staff and other leaders of the Army ani Navy direct
access at all times to the Emperor but they had
the right to appoint am withdraw the War and Navy
Ministers 1n any Government Either of them could
thus prevent a Government from being formed or
bring about its fall after it was termed In Kay
1936 this power was further increased by a regulashy
tion that the Army and Navy Jlinisters must be senicr
Officers on the active 11st EG the fall of the
Yonai Government on 21st quly 1940 and of the Third
Konoye Government on the 16th October 1941 were in
fact brought about by the Army 1n each case they
were succeeded by Governments more subservient to
the wishes of the Army
Thbull seconi was that although the Diet had the
right to reject a Budget this did not give them
control because 1n that case thbull Budget of the
preceding year remained in force
- 70 shy
middotDurlnr thls middotperiod suchtree Porlie~cntary
lnstutiti~ns es preVi)USly existedwere rttdUnlly
stamped )Ut and a system simllti to the Fascist or
Nazi mooel introducedbullbullThis took derinite shllpe
with the f)rm~tion n 12th October 1940 of the
I11per1al_ Rule Asslsttnce AS9cintion am later or
the I11perlal Rule Assist~nco Political Society
Durlnr thi~ p~ri~ 0 virorus compain r inciteshy
ment to expansion was carried
on in themiddoteorlier
part t the period middotby individual writers end speakers
but rrnduolly this ceme to be orfanized by Government
artnc1es which elso stamped out tree speech tnd
writing by opponents ~r this policy A large number
t sctetics some secret wasalso rormed_both 1n
the Army end Nevy and amonr civilians with similar
objects Opposition to this policy wes also crushed by assassinations ~r lecding politicians who were
n)t considered surrtcicntly friendly to it ond by
rear end threats of middotsuch nssassinatioos The civil and especially the military poiice were else used to
suppress oppositi-m to the wnr policy
The educnti)nal systeos civil military and
nnval were used to ln~ulcate e spirit or totnlishy
t~rienis~ crgrcssion~ desire tor war cruelty and
hatred r ptential e~emies
Successive Japanese_ Governments from early 1n
1936 onwards cultlvcted close relati)ns with the
- 71 shy
totlitr-ri n iovers 1n Luro1gtc Germny rnd Itrly
which hrrboured simil~r designs in relrition to thmiddot
rest middotor the world to those of J~pn in relrtion tomiddot
--~st middotstmiddotmiddot ~nd the Indirnmiddot rrtd Tltc1t1o Ocerns bull
On ToveJ11ber 25th 1936 middotthey signed tli ntishy
Comitermiddotn Pc otmiddot--~ith r middot~e~ret middotJmiddototo~oi nd r Aecret
ilitry Trt1ty directed osmiddott~n~1t1 cgdnst tho U~i6n of Soviot cod11~t ~epubHca i-nci ccimmunis111
~ but ( oturlly designed ~ lso a ( prelude to joint
~gressivc rotion ~n rcnerr 1
v~rious countries under th domin--tion of middotxis middot - ~ -~ bullbull
Powers including the lUppot govrnments of Jnnshy middot1middot bull shy
chukuo _~nd th~ Nr nking Regime in Chinr wer~ degdmi ttlt
to the ~nti7Comintcrn lot
middotuust 1939 extensivE-negotitons werecondilctampd
between J~n r-erm~_ny_~nd Itr-ly rorthe estbullblishbull
ment ofmiddotn econoru9 politiccl bullnd militbullry cllince
On 26th urust 1939 Jmiddot prri throufh her rubrs~
a~dor in 1fshineton ssured middotthe United Stf tea of
Jllericr tht she hbull d decided to b~ndon ny further
negotirtions with middotrerlilny nd Itrlymiddot relctive to
closer rel(tions under the middot nti-Cornintern Jgtbullct bull
rrefoti- tions between Jmiddotpn nd middotGerm ny for the
esteblistmGnt of middotmiddotn econonic politicmiddot l ~nd milikry
pound111nce were resumed in July 1940
Between 13th middot_ugmicrost nd 22nd September 1940
rfterthe rmistice in June 1940 between Germrny
rntl the middotut~oritylimiddotter to be knownFs ths Vichy
1rovernmerit of Fr~ nee subservient to Germ~middotny nd
bullfter the occupction by Germmiddotny of 1( rge prrt of
- 72 shy
frr nee Japan inciuced and_ coerc~d the general gover
ment of Frenchmiddot Ineo-China to enter intomiddot agreements
with herfor mUitary end econ~mic concessions inmiddot
that country and especially the northern parttliere-
of On 22nd-September 1940notwithlltanding agree
ments aigned onthe samedey Ja-enesetroops
attacked French Inda-Chinese uni ts and were met thmiddot
strong re$lstance
en 27th Se)tember 194Q Japan signed the Trishy
Partite Jact vith Germny and ltaly middot
In theearly pert of 1941 Jepentaking advantshy
age or a bounclary dispute raised by heiland against
French Indo-China purported to ect es mediator or
erbitrator_therein butactually brdughtebout a
settlement unduly fevoureble to Thailand middotwith amiddotview
toobtaining heraidin or submission to future
aegression end atthe serre time madefurthermiddotdemands
for military and econonic concessions in French middot
lndo-China bull~be said settlements were finally conshy
cluded on 6th-9th imiddotay 1941
Collllencinlmiddot in the middotletter nertmiddot of February 1941middot
Jel)en and Ger111any conducted negotiations on the
subjept of oint Elli tary ction against middotlgtLgapore
and the territor~ of ot)ler Nations_
On 1st July 1941 German Italy and ell middot middot
Governments subservient to- them inother European
countries at the request of Jepan recognized the
so-called National Government of middotthe Republic ofbull ~
China
On the 12th July 1940 a Friendship Treaty bullmiddotas
signed between Jepan and Thailand
- 7J shy
7romJay to July 1941 Japan further induced
end coerced the general ~overnment or French Indoshy
China to allow Jananese troops to land establish
naval and air baaas end ~enerelly obtain control
over qouthern lrench Indo-China The main purose
on this occasion wee toprovide bases for aggression
directly against the Pritish Common-vealth or lTetions
end the Dutch est Indios and indirectly against
the United States of merica The said agreements
were finally concluded on July 21st and 29th 1941
on which date Japanese forces landed at Saigon
established navel and air bases end generally took
control ofFrench Inda-Chine
Throughout the ebove~mentioned dealings with
Freech Indo-Chine Je~en used the help or Germany and
Italy by coercion upon the Vichy Government cs well
es direct threats or ill6gel force to ettein her
ends
By way o reaction to this aggression and threat
tf furtheraggression the United States of merica
on July 25th end Great Britoin on July 26th froze
the assets ofJapan and Chinemiddotunder their control
rnd opplied other eoon01110 middotpressure agdnst Jcpan
On 25th Tovembermiddot 1941 Jsp1n renewed thlt ~ntishy
Oollintaln rgtect with secret clausesmiddot
Cn ormiddotobout tho let DecGL1ber~ 1941 Jopen
invokillP the Tri-ortite Poet requested Germany nd
Itcly to declare War on the United States after the
beginning of hostilities end tht1t a No middotseperilte
Peace Treety be entered into
On 5th December 1941 Jep4iressured the United
- 74 shy
Stetos ot merico thrt troop movements in French
I_ndo-China were Drecautionery masures
On December 7th-8th 1941 Jspen mPdesurprise
rttecks on territories ot the United States ot
merica the British_ Commonwuelth ot Nctions l1nd
Thdlond usin~ in tbe two latter coses French Indtgtshy
Chinr~ br ee s
Cn the 11th Deceiibcr 1941 Jc pen_ Germiiny rnd
Itrl signed to opbullrbull to Totce rr ct
On 18th Jiinurry 1942 middotc rili ter1 Convention
botween Jbullmiddotn~n cermrny bull_middotnd Itrly wrs signed in Berlin
From 19)6 to 1945 close milittr ncvtl econshy
omic nd diplomc tic co-oper~ tion rmiddotnd oxch nge ot
intormrtion were maintcfned between the r bove three
oountriea t the request ot ~ermnn Jpon trom
the b~ginning ot the wr on December 7th-8th 1941
rdoptcd the Germn polic~ ot r~thless submrrina
Wtrt~re middotnd the destruction or crevs or ships sunk
or o-ptured
By the thre~tenins middotrttitude bullhich Jrprmiddotn mdnshy
tc ined tro111 19)9 to 1941 grinst the Uni_ted Stmiddottoa
or bulliaeriobull the British Cocimonwe~lth otNtions
the Kingdom ot the letherlrnds no the Rerublic ot
Frnce middotnd trommiddot1939 to 1945 (g~inst the Union ot
Soviet Seel~ list Republics 1d by her incru- sing
oonccntrtion ot tr~o~s in regions oonv~nient tor
middotrttrcks Ul)on them she dirtctly bullmiddotssisted Germmiddotny
nd Itnly in their middotw- rs tginst those n tions even
while she rem~inpoundd nominrlly neutrrl
- 75 shy
SECTION 8bull
jGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION-
In the course of many years Japan was continushy
ally preparing war a11d performing11cts of aggressionmiddot
against the Soviet Unhn
bull bull1bull Having faHed ~ he-middot attempt Jo capturemiddot the
Soviet Far East in the period between 19181922 bull
Japan did n~t apan1on the idlao~capturingthe
Soviet areas situated east of theLake-Seykalmiddot
SincltJ 1928 the Japanese GereaJ Steff hld been
planning a war of egfressim against the Union of
Sbullviet ~ocial1~t Republics eager to take advantage
of a chance to start this waz bull
An importrt step ii- th1preparetion nfa war ~
of aggression arainst the Union of Soviet Sochlist1
Republics was t~El ocltupation_of lanchur1a~ 1931 _bull
which a~ we_l~ as KGrea was transformed into a mili 1
tary base for a1tacking the Unio~ or icvi_et SociRlist
Republics in a numbPr of years Railroads and_ highshy
ways vere constructe~ in anchuria after l93~ of
stratPgic importancmiddote and ran towards the frontier of
the Union of Soviet Sociali~~ Rep1bl1cs The -bull
strength of the Kwantung Army ha~ been jncreased middot ~~~ bull bull~ middot _~ J_~j -- --~
from twa divisions in 1931 to fifteen in l94~ bull ~ ~) 1 - ~
A great number of new airfields fort1f1e~ gt middotmiddotmiddot_- ~~middot~
areas dumps barracks sea and river ports destined bullbull bull ~middot bull i ~ middot t lt bull - bullbull bull bull bull
to serve in the war of aggression against the Unicn bull bull bull J bullbullbull - bull bull bull bull bull - ~
of Soviet Social~st Republics were built
In ~anchuria the war industry develop~d at a
fast rate Areas adjacent to the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics frontier were being colonized
- 6 shy
by Japanesereservists with the purpose of strengthshy
middotening the Kwantung lrmyat the moment of mobilizashy
tion Propaganda in the press b radio etc r
directed against the Soviet Union was carried on
111tenselr middotOn Lanchurian-territormiddot Japan organized
and supportedmiddot on a large middotscale ehments from lussian
emigrants hostile to theSoviet Union and prepared
them for hostilemiddotects againstthe Union ofSoviet
Socialist 1epublicsJapan systematically organized
armed middotolasheson the frontierand organized acts of
sabotafe-end terrortstmiddotacts onthe Chinese Eastern
Railroad
InJ9J2 Jaian twice rejected the proposal of
the Union ot Soviet Socialist Republics to conclude
a non-aggression pact
in 1938 Jlpan without declaring war attacked middot
th~ territory of the seviet Union at the Lake hassan
In 19)9 Japan again witheut declaration of war
at tacked the terli tory of themiddot ~middotongolian Peoplemiddot s middot
RepubUc en ally of the rrnion of Sovietmiddot Socialistmiddot
Republics at the Halkin-Gol Rlver (Naoanhan) and
engaged the ongolian Peole s Republic armybull and bull
its allied Red Ar11y bull In both cases Japan pursued the
aim of reconnoitrine themiddot strength of the Rad Jrmy bymiddot
battle and capturing strategic positions for future
war against the trnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
Having been repulsed twice and having sufferedheavy
losses Jmiddotmiddotpan nevertheless did notmiddot stop the preparashy
tiors fora sur~rise attac~ ~gainst the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics
hile Preparinl for the war against the Soviet
- 77 shy
Union Japan during several years carried on
negotiations with Hitlerite Germany end Fascist Itel
on a j~int aggression The principal stages in
this plot or aggressors were the conclusion of the
so-called Anti-Comintern Pact in 1936 and the sirnillf
of the Tri-Partite Pact or Japan Germany and Italy
in 1940 the aim or which was joint aggressive actio1
of these countries against democratic powers among
them the Vnion ~rsvviet $ocielist Republics
In ~rch 1941 while being in Berlin ror the
purpose of plotting with Hitler about e joint aggres
siort against democratic countries thedefendant
~tsuoka was informed by the German _goverllGlent about
preparations by the latter for war against the Uni~n
or Soviet Sociellst Republics s early as t_he
beginnlng or July following e conclusion of the
pact or neutrality on behalf of Japan on 13th April
1941 after the treacherous attack or Germany
egainst the Union or 9oviet socialist Ra~ublics
1atsuoka officially declared to the soviet Ambusedor
in Tokyo that the principal bas1s of the Japanese
foreign policy was the alliance with Germany and
that in case Germany addressed Japan with a request_
for tielp the J)ict middot of neutralty withmiddot the Utiioa ot
Soviet Socialist Republics would not present an
obstacle for Jepen to wege war on the side or
Germ~ny In accordance withthis the governing
militarist clique in lapen in the bullholecourse of
the buller betYlteen Germony end the Union of Soviet
Socialist_Re~ublics wes openly hostile towrrds the
~oviet Unionmiddot maintained a selecte3 arriy on the
- 78 shy
Soviet rront1ers end wes an orgrnizer or a widespreed
prorgrnda aea111st tho Soviet TTnion Jopan octively
helped ~itlariteGermeny providing her with
intormatiqn regording the un~n or Soviet S~c1clist
Republics orgonized pirote ettscks on Soviet merchtnt
shiplling in_ the Far Etat by closing straits estbullmiddotbshy
lishing prohibited zones tnd speciol limited wetershy
weys
To render help to GerlIEny J~ptbulln after Germsnyts
ettack egcinst the Union or Soviet Socielist
Republics in the S111111ler or 1941 doubled the strength
of her E1rmy in rnchuria nnd leter on brought the
strength of this irmy to r million men which necesshy
sitated mrintdning considerrble forces in the Fmiddotr
Eest by the Sevit Union inste~d of using them in the
wrr ig~inet Germnny
In the s0 me summer or 1941 Jfpfn v10rked out e
new Tll~n of surprise rttrck egeinst the Union of
Roviet Socialist 1epublics ~nd kept the Kwentung
Army fully prepred torsuch en cttock She w~s preshy
vented from it not by the poet or neutrality which
i s 1t llll Y be sampen from bove Jeuroptn diregrrded but
b)middotthe successes or the forces or the nnion of Soviet
Socirlist Republics in the w~r fgoinst Germany
SECTIC1 9
JATAfp lFlt TTlTITED S~TES CF fERJCbull TH cr1bullQ1TELTH OF TFE II IPrnns TI ft+ BltITISif cc MOELTH OF rJ TIONS
The whole of the other Sectiols or this ppendix
iro relevrmiddotnt to this Section rnd ere not ropectad
here
bull 79 shy
I
From 1931 until Lecember 1941 relctlons betwee1
Jopn middoton the ona Jr nd rnd the United Stotes of mer le
rnd Gret Brltcln on the other continuously detershy
lorotcd bacruse of Jrrr~s ~g~esslon in E~st ~sir
rnd duplicity in lnternrtionil neeotictlonsmiddot
The TTnlted Stotes of 11erioo rnd 8remiddott Britin
frecuently prctested thct J~prn s militory opehtions
were~ violtion of the provisions of the trecties
mentioned in Count middot2 hereof nd celled the ettentlon
of beth Chine md J~prn to their obligctmiddotions thereshy
under They ~1so declcred thct they would not recogshy
nize ~ny situmiddottion in ianchurlc or elsewhere brought
obout by violrtions thereof
J~pi-n in unequivoc-l tertlS grve rssurrnces thst
she h~d no territori~l mbitions in ChinL thrt she
would respect the open door policy in Chino In
spite of these c siiurbull noes she set up r -puppet
regie in lnchukuo nd proceeded to close the doer
to the TTni ted st tes of middotnericl End British tr11de
ffter tlte consolidrtipn of the linchurin posishy
tion Jln continued her ggressive policy in Est
sir in spite of ossurrncqs tht she hcd no terrishy
toriel ~mbitlons eouth of the Gret frll
The tnited 5tltes uid Grebullt Britdn 1ndervoured
to convince Jp n th~middott her bast interests lY in
perce but it wr-s cler from her Ctions tht she
intended to resort to force to gla neighbouring
countries end territories
During 1935 Jmiddotp-n incrasad hEr mllitrry nd
llfvrl strength middotnd undertook limited militrry
ctivities to extnd her damintion over Chimmiddot The
- 80 shy
United States of America and Great ~ritain continued
to draw Japans attention to her treaty obUgations
but this had no effect on her military activities
In 1936 the United States of America endeavourshy
ed to get Japan to agree to the principle of eauality
in commercial and industrial sp~eres and not to
resort to force to obtain preferential rights This
was also rejected by Japan
In 1937 Japan declared that the principles of
international relationship propounded by the United
States of America were consistent with her own but
qualified this by stating that the objectives could
only be obtained by an understanding of ~he particushy
lar circumstances of the East In 1937 Japan comshy
Ienced further military aggression in China and soon
thereafter the United States of America l)ffered her
good offices in the dispute and appealed to both
parties to refrain from war This ofter wes not
accepted by Japan and the appeal had no effect In
the same year Japan refused an invitation to attend
the Brussels Conference called under the provisions
of the Nine-Power Treaty On August 26th 1937
Japanese forces attacked cars belonging to the
British Embassy in China and on December 12th
attacked warships belonging to the United States of
AMerica and Great Britain on the Yangtze
At the end of 1938 Japan procl~ined her policy
of a new order in 3ast Asia end refused to ~ive any
unconditio~al assurance that the open dnor policy
in China would be maintained
Thereafter many interferences by Japan in
- 81 shy
Jtprnoso controlled territories with the rights or
the United States or ~Aeries end British netonels
took place end in July 1939 the United States or
America gave notice or terminetion or the 1911
commercial Treaty ~it~ Jeen
In September +940 after Japans military
alliance vi th Germany and Italy the United State
ot lmerica was forcedmiddotto place limitations on the
export of iron steel and raY materials to Japan
In arch 1941 conversations between the
Japanese ambassador in - eshington end the United
States Secretary or State took ~lace in an endeavour
bl the ~Tnited States to se~tle outstanding differshy
ences ano to reach a peaceful settlement ihile
these vrere proceeding Jepen continued at e feverish
pace to prepare for war At an Imp~rial Conference
on 2nd July the decision to advance southward
obviously directed against the United States of
America the Kingdom of the Netherlands end the
British CoAmonweelth was reached At a further
Conference on 6th Se~tecber it was decided to open
hostilities against the llited States of America
Great Britain end the letherlends in case the requireshy
ments ot Japan seemed unlikely to be realized by
B901B time clurinf tbe first part cf October On 1st
December a further Conference definitely decided on
war The decisions of the two lest-mentioned Confer-middot
encee were kept secret Cn 7th-8th December 1941
while negotiaticns were still proceeding Japan med~
surprise attacks on territories of the United amptetee
of Anerica et earl arbour of the British Commonshy
- 82 shy
weelth of Nations at Singapore elaya Hong Kong
and Sh~nrhai of the Commonwealth of the Philippines
and of Thailand She delivered no declaration of
war andmiddot to the ritish Commonvealth o~ Tations or
to the Conmonwealth of the ~hilippines no document
ot any kind To the United States of America she
delivered after the etteck a document which did
not end was not intended to cmount to a decleretion
of war
Stie entirslmiddot disregarded all the other Treaty
obligations r-ferred to in Counts 7 and 8 hereof
SOCTJCH 10
Tbe Netherlands ~ast Indies and tnemiddotPortugese
~ortion of the Islend of Ti111or were within the erea
coveted b Japm and described by her tis the Greeter
East ~sie Co-ProsNrity Sphere
In addition to thf general treaties binding
Jepan not to atteck these areas Treaty rticles Nos
20 and 21 refer respectively to these naticns in
terms Ja)en also rod a treat with the Hetrerlands
repardirP the ~est Indies which she denounced on the
12th June 1940 in preparation fer aggression
agai~st them At that time tre hom~land of the
Nethorlends had been recently and treacherously
()Ver-run by JrpaQ s ally Ger111eny end the Dutch
GoverrJJ1ent hbull d been corrpollcd to seek refuge in
ngland Thereefter Je_J n endeavoured to compel thrt
Government to agree toe new treaty on terms unduly
- SJ shy
fovcurable to Japcn but they wore unwilling to do
se The prcperet1ons of Jepcn fore general cggresshy
s1ve wcr in the Fer East included en intention to
invede the c~herlonds tost Indies The occupation
by Jbullpbullmiddotn or French Indo-Ch lna complete in July
1941 end the attecks upon territories of the United
States of tmcricc end tho British Commonwealth of
~rftions on the 7th-8th December 1941 were till prrt
of t plen which ircludcd t n inve sion of the Nethershy
lends r~st Indies This wes spcc1ficclly one of tho
d~cisions of the Jcponeso Imperial Conference of the
6th Se~tember 1941 Consequently the Natherlonds
Government irm~d1ately nfter the lest mentioned
cttacks declrred war on Jepen in self-defence
On tho 11th Janucry 1942 Jepcn invaded and
therefter repidly occupied the retherlcnds East
Indies
On 19th February 1942 Jepcn without ~ny
pretence of right or of eny quarrel vi th the itepublic
of Portugcl invRded ~ortugese Timor end occupiGd
it for the purpose of crrrying on her cggreseive
wcr egeinst ell the ~llied n~tions bull
ll4 shy
APPENDIX B
List of ~rticles of Trenties violated by JrponClld incorporcted in Groups One rndTwe
The Convention tor the Frcific Settlement of Intershy
nc-tion1l Dielutes sigmmiddotd t The Hegue 29 July 1899
The srid Convention wis signed nd r~tifiod
by or on behflf of J-n(n Cnd each of the ~ritions
middot britlf ing thf ct rrgcs in thfs Ind1 ctmltrnt subject to
oGrtotn rcscrvrt1ons not here motoriol
1 Article I
With P view to obvhting rs fr s possiblt-
recourse to force in tho rel~tions between Stctes
the Signrtory Powers rgree to uso their best efforts
to ensure th6 pecific settlcment of internitioncl
differences
2 Article II
In cesemiddotor serious disrgreemant or conflict
before tn bullmiddotppctgt 1 to rrciv middottlle Signr tory Yowers t gree
to middothrve reccurse rs fr rs circwnstbullnoes nllow to
the good offices or medi tion of enc or more friendly0
owers
The Convention tor the ~~eifio Settlement or Intershy
n~tionrl Usputes signed rt the Erguo 18 Ootobor
The sdd Convention ws signea nd rrtitied by
or on behrlf of Jrpmiddotn ~nd ec-ch of the nrtions bringshy
ing the Chfrges in this Indictment with the exception
or the United Kingdom rnd the Union of lgtoviet
Socirlist Republics a-ubject to eertcin reservtions
not here 112tcrimiddotl
bull 85 bull
trtiole 1
With c view to obvirting ~a for ~s possible
recourse to force in the relrtionsmiddotbetw~on Stntes
the Contr~oting ~owers rgree to use their best
offorts to ensure the pr oifio settlemcnt of lntarshy
nrtionrl differences
i rticle 2
In cnse of serious discgreenpoundnt pr dispute
beforc ~n ebulll to ~rms the Contrreting ewers
ogree to hi)ve recourse rs fer cs eiroumstnnoes
rllow to the good 01fioes or medirtionmiddot of one or
nore friendly nowers~
The Hegue Convrntioi lJo III Relmiddottive to the opening
of ~ostilities 1 signsd 18 October 1907
The sold Convention wns signed rnd rrtified by
or on bGhrlf of Jcprn rnd eoch of the notions bringshy
ing tho ohrrgo in this Indictment
rticle I
The Contrrctlng rowers recognize the t host11shy
1tie~ between thrimselvesmiddotmust not co=enoe without
previous Pnd ~xpl1cit ~rrn_ing in the form cltheuror cf
re~ soned declrrtio_n of w~ r middot or of en ultim tllll
with oondition~lmiddotdeolrrrt1cri of wtr
ierr~runt effected by cxohrngo of notes between the
nnitod st~tes bullnd Jrprn 1 signed JO November 1908 1
dGolnrine their policy in the F(lr 0rst
6 2 The Polley of both Governments unlnrlucncshy
ed by rny ~ggreee1ve tendencies ls Olrectod tomiddottho
ll~~JlAC~ ot th( cx1 stDe 41t-tus quo in tho region
f bove-mntloned nd to the defence cf fhe- J)rfao1Jlle
of ()quol opportunity for ciimmercend industry_in
bull 86 shy
Chino
7 3 They ere cccordingly firmly resolved
reciprocmiddotlly to respect the territoriel posssssions
belongint tc ec ch other in said r1agion
8 4 Thy rre clsc deterllined to preserve the
con11on interest or Fell Joyers in Chine by supporting
b~middot l )Citic nens bullt thsir dispos11 the independshy
ence fDd integri ty or Chin End the prinCiJ)l6 or
equel opportunity for cocrerce rn~ incustry or rll
nbullmiddottions in thrt Lipire
9 5 Srould ~ny event occur threrteningmiddotthe
st~tus ouo rs ~-hove described ormiddot the principle or eou~l o~~ortunit~ cs rbove derinedit reragtins for
the two iovernmcnts to coanunicr te with each otbcr
in order to rrrive ~t rn underst~nding es to whet
L1ersures thty mry consider it useful to tcke
The Convention ~nd ~inrl rotocol ror the Suppressio
of the buse cf rpillil nd other DruRs 1 si~ned et
The rbue 23 Jnurry 1912 rnd 9 July 1913
10 Tht sid Convention wrs signed nd rrtified by
middot or on bchr lf of Jrp n r nd ech of the n tions br~shy
ing the chmiddotrees in this Indictnent
Tt c Tremiddotmiddottv of Jefce between tha -bulllliod rnd bullssocimiddotte
Powers rnd GErmlt1ny I signed t Versmiddotillee 1 28 June
1919 known ~-s th Versilles TreEtY
Ii rticle 10 of the Coven nt of tho Legue of
Nmiddottions
The bullclbers of th Lagu undertbullmiddotke to rGspect
middotr-nd preserve bulls middotgrinst extern-1 -ggression the
tcrritoril inteigtrity middot nd existirw polltic-1 indeshy
Tendencs of ~ 11 Jbers of the ler gue In ctse of
any such aggraeaion or in case of any threat or
danger ot such aggression the Council shall advise
upon the Jlleen~ by which this oblitation shall be
tultill6d
12 ~rticle 12 ot the Covenant of the League ot
Pat ions
The lenbers ot the League agree that 11 there
should arise bateen them any fis~ute likely to lead
to a rupture they will subLlit themiddotmatter either to
arbitration or to enquirf by the Council end they
agree in no case to resort to war until three t10nths
after tte ewerd ~Y the arbitrators or themiddotreport by
the Council
l) ert1cle 13 of the Covenent ot the leepue ot
Netione
Tbe embers ot the League aeree that whenever
any ~ls~ute ehall arise between them which they
recognize to be suitable tor suboission to
arbitration end which cannot be satisfactorily settled by diplomacy they will subnt the whole
subject n1Stter to arbitration
Disputes es to the interpretation ot s tresty
as to any euestion or internati~nel law es to the
existence ot any tact which it established would
constitute a ))reach of any international obligation
or es to the extent end nature of the reparation to
be oede tor any such ireech ere declared to be
among those which ere generally suitable tor subshy
111~ ssion to erbitretion
For the consideration of any such clis ute the
eourt of arbitration to which-the case is referred
- 88 shy
~hall be the court erreed on by_ the rarties ~o the
disrute or stiuletec n any convention existing
middot between then
The middotemters or tlle League erree that they will
carry out in fuil ood taith eny av1ard thut iray be
rendered tnlI t~et ther will not resort tower I
against a ember of the league which COll)lies thereshy
with In the event of any failure to carry out such
award the Council shell rropose hhet steps should
middotbe taken to rive effect thereto
14 rtcle 15 of t~e Ccvrnrnt of tte leeeue of
Naticns
If there stould criss betveen embGrs of the
League any ciisgtute lHelJmiddot to lead toe rupture
which is not submitted to arbitration in accordance
with ~rticle lJ the elbers of the league agree
tJiat tJie will tutt the rntter to tte council
Any rortr to the lllsutc 11ey effect igtuch subuislicn
by Pivin~ notice of the existence of the dis~ute to
the ~ecretery-ener11l who hill reke ell nccesslry
arrange bullents for a full investiration and considershy
ation ttereof
ror this ~urncse the nerties to the disnute will
cc~middotaunicete tc the Secretary-Glmiddotnerel es rrolptly as
noeeible stetebullbullnte of their cesa ~1th all the
rtlGvent facts enc papers nd the Council ra foLth- middot
bull1th dir~ct the publicetion thereof
Tte Councl lF 11 nc1eivour _to effect a settleshy
ment of the diE-uts and if such Gfforts fre succoisshy
ful e statGmont ehll t1 ntgtdlt ublic giviie such
ftcts rd elJlanlt l onE rcr[)rdinc tlc disuto igtnd the
- 89 shy
tmiddoteramp1s or settlement therampcr s ttdeg Council EJ deem
s~~rorriete
Jr the dis~utc is not tt-us settled ~he louncil
either un~ninously er by G Ecjority vote shell mcbullEl
c-nd rublish e rellort contllinin tmiddot stcter-ampnt cf thamp
fects of tlo dis~utE bullnd the recorncndticns which
Pr~ deemed just rnd nroner in rcvrd thereto
Any middotmbcr of the Llt-egue rmiddotprcscntd on ths I
Council m~y P-~kc ~ublic e stcte~cnt or tho frets of
the disutc End of its conclusions rcgrding ths
s_fie
If rerort bmiddot the Colllcil is uncnifilously rgrscd
to by the lllbcrs ttereof ether thln the tcprampsampnteshy
tives of on_ er -ore ot ttmiddot rtics to the dispute
the Cecbers ot middot the Lru( bullerco thit they will not
go tc wpound-r Fi tl bullny i~rty to the disrutc which corshy
plics with the rccomntnd tions of tbr rport
If th~ Council r~ ils to re~cr reort which is
unr nirlously greed to b tt~ llCrtLtors thereof o thcr
ttn ttc llrescntitivcs or one or ore of the
p rtics tcgt tt disute t1 l-scbrs cf the Lc~guc
rltscrvc to thelIS-lves th rieht to tki sue bullcti_on
rs tlcy shrmiddotll _consi~cr nccess~ry for the llmiddotiritnbull ncG
of right cncI justice
-r ttn dis~utc bctwccn the irti s is clriracd
by one of thu1 ne is found by the Council to rist
out of ~ a-ttr Nhich by intcrntionJl l~w is solrily
within th~ doJiestic jurisdiction oi th~t pmiddotrty th
Council Eh 11 so rlcrt nd shJ l u- kC no recoshy
P--nd-tion -S to its- settlcnent
r Council JI ~middot ii ny c-- sc undar this
- cc- shy
rticle refer the dispute tc he Assenbly T~e
dlspite shall be sc rcierre1 at t1e recniest of
elt--er party to t1e dis)ute provided that su~h a
reouest be 1iade within fourteen days after the sushy
miss icn cf tie dispvte to the Council
In any case referredmiddot to the Assembl7 all te
provisions cf t1is middotrticle cnd cf Article 12 relat-
ing to the action a-d povPgts cf the Cciuntil scwll
apply -to the action and povrers of the Asser1bly proshy
vided that a report ade by the Assembly if con-
curred in middotbmiddotr the Representatives of those --embers
of t1e Leale re pres ted on the Counc 11 and of a
1ajorit of the othrr middotembers of t1e eaeue c~shy
~lus ive in each case of Representatives of the
parties to the tisputc shall have the saLe force as
a report by the Cou1~il concurrPd in by all the
fieiS thereof othEr than the Rerescntatives of
one or more of the ltJrties tc the disp1te 11
15 Article 22 oft~~ Coven~ntmiddot cf the League of
1-ations
Other peoples especially those of Central
Africa are at such o staJe that the ~ndatory must
be resgtons ible for the aduiis trat ion of the terri tor
urner contitions which wi l ruarantee freec)om cf
ccnscence nnd rel1 middotior SJb Je~t cnly to the ma1ntenshy
cnce cf pc1llJic order end ncrals the prohl1Jitin
of abses sue as t1-middot slave tracc tllc arns tra~ tc
an the-liuor rotfic and the prevent1gtn of the
establishment of fortifications or mllitnry am
na7al bases and of mil1tar trpoundinin of thL natives
for ither than police purposes and the defence of
territor and u1ll aisc secure ebulluai opportunities
- 1 shy
~ tht trrde net oonmcrc ot othr iombcrs ot the
Le~gu- Tter1 ~re tarritories such a South-Jcst
trio~ nd 011rtmiddotin or tho South Jrc1r1c Isl~ nds
hioh owilltl to the ep-rsoncss or their populmiddot tion
or their sror 11 size or their rcr10toness from the
centr6s er c1v1Uz-t1on or their googr-phiol oonshy
t1~middot11ty to the territory or t)s Lmiddotndmiddott_ory bullnd other
oircumstrmiddotnoos or n be best rmiddotdm1n1 starrd under the
l~ws ot th G l-nd tory s 1ntq_trbull l nort1ons or 1ts
territory subject to the s togur rds -_bovo-ncntionod
in the interests or the indigenous popul tion
16 bullrtiole 2J (c) of th~ Covcn nt of the Lemiddotguo of
rrtons
SubjGdegct to nd in ~ ccord nee vith bull the provisions
ot intern ticn middotmiddot l conventions existing or heremiddot ttcr
to bo middot eroed U1on th middotmlicrs ot the lergue bullbullbullbullbull
( o) will entrust tho le guc with thebull gonor l
supervision over the execution of middotgrccmnts v11 th
regmiddot rd to tt e tr trio in WOll3n middot nltJ children middot nd ths
trrric in oiun middotncl othilr d~nFcrcus drugs
Tht l-ndrt- frol tt Lemiddot rue of ~Tbullt5ons pursubullmiddotnt to
t1c Vcrsmiddot 111-s Trcbulltz irde bullt Gcnor 17 kccnbcr 19n
17 bullrticlc )
The lbullnd-tory shll see th t the slmiddotve trmiddotde
is prohibited bullnd th t no forccd lbullbour is porll1tttd
axcopt for esscntimiddotl ublic works ~nd sorvicos ~nd
then onlr formiddot dequ tc romunormiddottion
18 rticli 4 The 1111litc-ry tr ining cf the n t1veuros othtrvise
thmiddotn for ~urpseuros or int~rnbulll ~olioc middotnd the loc 1
- 92 bull middot
detonco ot th t1arritory sh 11 be prohibited
Furthermore no mllitbullry or rmiddotvmiddot l bsos shmiddotll bo
ostblished or tortitiotions orec~cd in the
territory
Tremiddotty botv1ecn th( British Ccllllonmiddot olth middotor n t10middot1s 1
Trnce 1 Jbullmiddotp n nrgt thlt Unitod Str-tcs or llmiddotmiddotric
middot relmiddot tin to thclr Insulr possessions nd middot~nsulmiddotr
pominions n the P-middot oiflc Ccebulln 1 lJ December 1921
The H rGmiddotti W s middotsiend ne rr tlfi1d by the
~ifn tory olcre
19 middotrticlc I
Th Hi~t Contrmiddot ctlne middotrtits grce is bltlt106n
thsmsolves to rcs)oct thdr r_ifhts in rel tion to
their insulr roescssions middotnt ineul r dorunions in
the middotregion o~ the 7 citic Dcemiddotmiddotn
It then should develop betwein ny of the High
Contrbull ctinr ~rtics bull controvCrs rising out or ny
- cific question middot nc involving their srmiddotid rights
thiih ii not smiddot tisf ctorily settled by diploti cy nd
is likely to bulltfect tho he raonlous middotmiddot ccord now hmiddotmiddotppily
subsistinc between ttcm they sholl invite the othir
Hh Contr~ctinr ---rtibulls to joini Contorcnco io
middot vHct tl~ hcl subjlot will be refrrcd tor conshy
sidermiddot tion nit middotdiu~tmnt
Identic Corrunicmiddot ticn ri-do to tb lfothrlmiddotnds Govzrnshy
ment on 4 Fzbrumiddotmiddotrmiddot 1922 on b~hmiddot 11 of thbull- ~middotritish i
Cornnonwe-lth of nmiddotmiddottions middot nd lso mutbulltis mut ndis
on behmiddot lt cf Jmiddotr-n nlt thamp othr --~~era signmiddot tory
to th -~umiddotdrunlr cific Tremiddot ty ot 13 Decltaber 1921
stmiddotmiddottes thbullt shy 20 Ths N1gtthcrbnds not bain sifO tory to tt smiddot fd
- 9~ shy
Tre middotty middotmiddotnci t_h~ Ncthrl nds possession in the region
ot-thc P~riific Ccern thErcforc not being includ~d
in the bullgrccmcnt ref~rred to His Britnnic t~J~stys
Govarnmrnt nxious to for0 stmiddot ll ny conclusion conshy
trmiddot ry to ths sirit of the Trcbullty desires to dGcl~rlt
thnt it is firml~middot r0solvcd to respect tho rights of
the Ncthcrlbullnds in rslmiddottion to ctr insulmiddotmiddotr posscdshy
sions in the region of the Pmiddotcific 0cc n
Idcntic Communic tien 11dE to the ortugucsG Govurnshy
mcnt on 6 Fcbrumiddotri 1922 on behlf of tho British
on b~hmiddot lf of Jbull T n nc th othn owers slpn tory to
the ~u-ar~lE Tclf4 c Tr0middotmiddottbullmiddot cf 13 Decu1ber 1921
stmiddottes th t shy
2~ ~ho ortuguesE not beinp signmiddottory to the s id
-Trebullty nd the ~ortusucsc ~ossess~ons in the region
of the ~~cific Ccc1n therefore not being included
in tte middotgreencnt rsLrrd to E Brlthnic middot jcity s
Government nxioupound to forEJst11 ny conclusion
ccntrbullry tc th fririt of the Trcmiddot t) desires to
acclmiddot re th middotj it is firrillmiddot rosolvcd to respect thfgt
rights of nortugmiddot 1 in rel tion to hor insubr posshy
sessions in th~ i-rion of th TLcific Ccern
Ttc rebull ty bftweon the TTnitcd Stmiddot tcs of lcricr the
Pritish Comcnvomiddotlth oftmiddotmiddot t0ns tlgiuM Chin-
Yrrnc~ Itbullly JmiddotTmiddotn the N~thcrlmiddotnas nd Portupmiddotl
concludedmiddot~~ ~igns~ t middotmiddot~shin~ton 6 P~brumiddot ~y 1922
~c 2middotmiddotid retmiddot wf siv1d middotnd rrtifLd b~middot or on
lmiddot lf cf TbullO-n middot ni middot ct 01 th~ n ticr5 brireine thlt- bull
ctmiddotrPt~ in ttls I~dictntnt ~Ith t~L czc~ption of th~
- 91 shy
Union middotof Sovi~t Sooiel1et Re1ubllcs middot
Article I
Themiddot Contractin~ rowers other than China
eereebull
22 bull ( l) Tu reseot middotthe sovereifnty the independshy
ence end the territorill adilinhtrstive integrity
ot China
2J ( 2) To )rovide ihe tullest and nost unem-
berraesed oportunity toCh1na tc develop end mainshy
tain tor herself en etteotive end stable Government
24 ( J) To use their middotinfluence tor the purpose ot
effectually establiehinv end oainteininq theprinshy
ciple of equal or~ortunity for the ooJllilerce and
industry_ of ell noticns throll eurohout tte territory of
China
25 (4) To refrain fron tekinf advantage ot conshy
di ti~ms in China in ormiddotder to see special rights_ or
privilegeft wh)ch wculd ampbridge the rights ot subjects
omiddotr _cl tizens of friendly States Eind- fror1 countenancshy
ing action in~ical to the security ot such States 9middot
Article II
26 The Contractin- ewers agree not to enter into_
any tre~ty eereeoent arraneementor understanding
either with one another middotor ndivltually _or collecshy
tively with any pwer or Tmiddotowers llmiddothicb wouid
infring~ or impair the p~inoiples stated in middotArticle Ir Article III
ntri th a view tomiddot eJl]lmiddotin~ more ettectuelly the
principles -Of th (lpen JJvOr or equality Of OJgt)Ortun-
ity in Chine for tte trade and incustry of all
nstions thP Contracmiddotting rovere other ~hen Chna
- 95
e~ee that they 111111 not seek nor sup~_t thelr
tesnective ne~ fone ls in seeUnr shy
27bull (a) middot Any errenfenent which rmiddotdrht -urrort to
establish in favour of their interests any general
suueriori ty of riftts 1th respect to comraerdal or
economic development in any desi_neted reeion of
China
28 ( b) Any suet oonoooly or preference as would
denri ve the m ti one ls of ani other --ower of the rieht
of undertaking any legitimate trade or industry in
China or o participitinif 1th the Chinese Governshy
ment or with any local e uthority in any category
or -public enteririse or which by reason of its
scope duration or geora~hical extent is celcushy
lated to frustrate the rrecticel ep-llcation cf the
principle of eual opportunity
It is understood tl~t te foreeoilf stipulationf
of this Article are not to be so construed amps to
Tgtrohibit the acquisition of such 1ronerties or
ri~h_ts as me~ be necessary to the conduct of a parshy
ticular cornrercial middotindustrial er financial undershy
takin or to the encourapoundeLent of invention end
research
Cbira undertakes to be gdcled by the rinciples
stated in tte foregon- stir-uletions of this ~middotticle
in dealinr wit-0 er-rlicetions for emiddotcononic rights end
privileges frc1 timiddot rcverll1ents end naticnals of t11
foreien countries whethEr partiEs t~ tha present
Article IV
29 The Cortr~ct~~ ~cr~~s BfrEe not to ~up~Qrt
eny agreements by their respective nationals with
each other designed to create Spheres of Influence
or to rovide for the enjojment of mutually exolusiv
opportunities in des1gnsted parts of Chinese terri shy
tory
Art1cldege VII
JO The Contrectin) ewers agree that vhenevr a
siturtion arise) hich in the opinion of any one or
thcu involves the cpplicit1on or the stipulations
of the present Treaty middottnd renders desirable disshy
cuSsion or suoh Epplioction thermiddot6 shall be full
snd frark oo6riuriio tion between themiddot Contrc oting
Powera co1oerned
Treaty hpoundtwe3n ttc United Stetes and JEllP-n signed
t middotmiddotrshinrton 11 Februry 1922
The arid Trecty wa3 sirned rnd ratiffod by
the 8fnstory rcbullmiddotrs
~rticle II 1
Jl The United StEtes end lts nmiddot tionals shall
receive ell the benefits or the cngagcuents of Jepar
defined in ~rticles J 4 ondmiddot 5 of the Eforesaid
lsndete notwithstmdin the fect that the United
Strtes is not e mcmuer of the Ls6gue of thbulltions
Ccnvsnt1on signLd ~t Gcnevr 19 February 1925
J2 Th sdd Convention wcs s1encd nd rtified by
or on bchnlf of Jbullmiddotpt n nd B[O~ of the nyt1ons bringshy
ing th1o chrmiddotregtcs in this Indictrrnnt with tho excepshy
tion of the Union of Soviet Soci~list R~1ublics
(bin i-ol middotthe TrJtsd StrtoF or raric bull
- 97 shy
~nericomiddot tbs Prssldent of the Gerrpoundmiddotn Reich Fls
Jejcsty the Yinp cf the Bleiens 1 the resi1font of
the Frrnch R=~ubl1c 1 Fis te 1esty the inmiddot of Grnegtt
~itPin 1 IrclFnd end the British Loninlons beyond the
SeM I Irm6ror of India His la jsty the r1n9 of
Itely 1 His Llt-jcsty theuro Ecurror of J~f)en the resishy
dent cf the ctqublic of PolPnd Lnd the Prcsident of
the Czochoslov=k Reuronublic 1 ccnclueed Lnd signed ct
Jrris 27 middotw-ust 1928 1 knorn ~s thE IbllOg-)ri1nd
Peet nd ~~ the ~rct of Pmiddot ris
The srid rebull ty YlS signed Pnd r-tified by the
1iill tcry obullsrs
lrtick I
JJ Thi lifh Contrcctng ~1rties 1101Emn~y deelcre
in the nr~es of their res~ctive peoplesJh~t they
condecn recoursemiddot to 1-middotr for the solution of intcr shy
nctionrmiddotl ccctrovcrsies ~ne renounce it cs en
instrllJlCnt of n tic _-1 policy in tbcir rlr tions
with -ons inctber
Article II
J4 The Rieb Contr(ctin~ Prties ogree th t th
settlement or solution of i11 disrutes or conflicts
of ~-hitevtr n tur or of hotevcr origin tbey ruy
sought except by pbullcific M~middotns
Dccl~r ticn of Irrpcrirl p~ncsb GovcrI11lcnt 1 27 June
1929 1 ccnccrning -~rticle I of the Kelloge-Pribull nd
Peet of 27 August 192
Th Impcrlr 1 lcv rnnnt dccL re thi t ttc
rhr soolog in tts nmiddotlltS of tt(ir respective
p01ks Pf-middotrin 1 rticlc J cf tt rrmiddot ty frr
- 98 shy
the Renuncif tion cf _ r sirncd rt rrie on 27
urust 1928 vicved in the light of th~ provisions
or the Impcribulll Constitution is understood to be
inrppliCbmiddot in so fmiddotr s Jrprn is concernecl
llG Convmiddot ntion rclbullmiddott~n~middot to l~rcotic Drugs shncd
rt Gcncv~ lJ July 1931
35 The srid Convention wbullssign~d -nd rrtifiad by
or on bchmiddot lf of Jcpn with r rcscrv tion s recorded
in th protmiddotocol cf sirn ture nc c ch of th n tions
brinfing the chrrecs _in this Indictiicnt with tro
cxcetion of the Union of SoviEt ~ocilist RG~ublics
Chinbull trc Cor-monwe ltr of tustr lir rnd Ncw ZDlrnd
Trc ty btveurocn Thilmiddotnd middotnd Jp nmiddot conccrnin~ the
continumiddot nc of frimiddot~ndly rJlmiddottions middot nc tho nutu 1
riscct cf emiddottlh others tcrritoribulll iptcgrity 1
Si1ned middot t Tokyo 12 June 1940
lhc sbull id Tre tr wmiddot s s~_gnec nd rmiddot tified by
the Sign tory rovcrs
trticlG I
3l nThE Fifh ContrbullcCinf Forties s~~ll nutu~lly
resnct ~-ch others territoribulll intqrity middotnd
hcrebmiddot rcrfflru the constrmiddotnt 1cce nd the ierpetuil
fricndship existin between them
Convention rcsnctin~ t~c ~irhts bullnd Duties of
reutr1 ewers ~nd creons in 1fmiddot_r on Vmiddotnd signed
~t Tho Hbull2uJ 18 OctcbLr 1~07
37- rtJcle I
Th trrltory of mutr l ~-mcs is inviolmiddotmiddottl
JR _rtiole II
- 99 shy
rcross the tG~tor of ~ ntiutrl ow1r
Treo-ty of Jortsraoutl- b6twEen Russfr -nd Jpcn
signod 5 Sertc~bampr 1905 which esttblished
Art1cl6 II (p(rbullerr-~h 3) 39 It is bulllso ~greod thmiddot t in crder to rvoid middotlJ
c~ usa of iiisunderstmiddot nc-ing the two F1gt Contrrct1ne
-rt1es wi11 -bstdn ontl6 Russo-Iorcin frontier
from tr11nv r-ny nillt ry morsur6s which moy mEnccamp
tte security of Russ1middot n or ~orern territory
bullrt1cle It (Pmiddotrts l bullnd 2) Ja~an ana Russia mutua~ly e~~age
40 ( l) To evmiddot cu te COll)lGt ely nd simultr neously
tmiddotbull nchlirilt1 eJCcpt thbullj territory rffected by the lcse
of the li~otun2 zcninsuln in conformity with the
provisions of middotcdition l lrticle I~ nnexod to
Trc ty bullmiddotnd
41 () To rcstors cntirtolt middot nd COl]lttoll to th
oxclusive dninamptr tion ofChin_ 11 rortions of
irnchuri nov in th~ occuo tion or under middottho coritrol
of the lqmiddotnGse or Rurs1middot1 troops Nitl th exception
of the trr1 tor bull b0vbull rn nt londl
rticlc IV
obstruct ny gcncr-middot1 nrsures cnmiddotmiddotmiddotJori to rmiddotll C0 1Lttr1es
vhicb Chin~ rnmiddoty t middot~ tor th lcvlorwnt t)f thv
coriflcrcs rid incustr~middot of gt nchu1middot1bull
I) middotmiddotn middotnJ -usbull ngmiddotp tbull xlbit thdr
- 1ot shy
44 J middotn nd Russi uutumiddotmiddotlly grec-not to conshy
struct in their rcsnectivu possessions on th~
Islrnd of Srghbulllicn or the middotdJ cent isl-nds ny
fortificmiddottione or other similmiddotmiddotr militrl works
They middotmiddotlso rrspectivcly cngg not to t l1 ~ny milishy
tr ry ncsures hch MY impede the free nmiddot vigmiddottion
cf the Strmiddot its o 1middot re rouse bull nd T rt ry
h onventfon on Elbodying P~sc hulcs of tho
Rclmiddotmiddottions bctweenmiddotJrbulln nlt= the Union cf Soviet
ltocilist Rr~ublics 1 srn~d 20 J nur 1925 in
rkine
This Conv0nticn wmiddots signed middotnd rmiddottificd by the
Ciflnmiddotmiddot tory rovcrs
rticle V
45 bull Tho High 0ontrbullmiddotcting ~ rtis soleMnl ffirm
thcr desire middotnd intention to liv~ in rbull~cc middotnd
bullmiddotMitr ri ti emiddot ch ottr scrupulcJsly to rspcct th1
undoubted rieht of Stmiddottc to order its oyn life
1dthin ts own jurisdiction in its own w~y to
rf frmiddot in - ncl rcstrr in bull 11 erson in middot ny govornshy
mentrmiddot l service for th-11 nd 11 or~niz7ticns n
rocir-t of middot O findegncirl rssiitmiddot rc~ fron them frou
middot~ny middot ct ovrt or covrt limiddotmiddotbl fr II) w~y whtcver
to enc1middot n1er the order middot nlt securitr n i n1 rmiddot rt of
thc tcrritoris cf T n n th nlol 1f ltcvivt
Socimiddotljst ~rublios
rt l f11rt~-1r middot ~rcrt1 tmiddot~ t n thtr ontrmiddotct~nq
r-~rty ~~ middot11 rsrr-middotmiddot bull_ t~1 middotr=f( n 1i tr - t-rrltorlis
undr bullts juri stl ctJ vi -- ( middotmiddot ) of c--n izmiddot t~c-re er
irouS pr-tn1ln~ tmiddot bi~ th CTOVcIlll1-lt iCr ~ny r- t
of ttf t~rritorier Gf tb~ ether ~rt~ or b) cf
- 101 shy
alien subjects or citizens who may be found to be
_actually carryinr on political activities for such
organizations or -bullro ups
The Neutrality act t)etween the TTn~on of Soviet
rlccialist Reublics and Tapan siuned 13 April 1941
This ~ect was sirned end ratified~~ the
Signatory rowers bull
~rti cle I
46 Both Contrecti 1g Iarties engage to naintain
peaceful end friendly relations between themselves
and mutually respect the territorhl integrity end
inviolabilit of the other Contracting Party
Article II
47 If one of the Contrectlng Parties becomes the
object of militar action on the part of one or
several other overs the cther Contracting Farty
will r~intaln neutrality during the whole ~ericd of
the conf 11 ct
- 102 shy
list of Lfficiel bullssuronces Violated by JIc1-~nd lncororeted Li Group One
25thmiddot Se~tember 1931 ~het JalBn rad no
territoriel desiens in renchuriamp
2 25th middotcvember 1931 That there was no truth
in the report of a Japanese edvancemiddoton Chinchow
J 22nd December 1931 Thet Chinese sovereignty
would be accented ~no that tre opei c-oor rolicy
would be nsntEned
4 5th Jenu~ r 1 1933 That Jaan hsd no territshy
oriel ellbitons s~ut~ cf Jhe Greet Well in vina
5 25th n~ril 1 1934 middotThat Jepan had no intention
vhatever of seeUn~ leciel privileuroPes in Cbinr of
encrcechire UOn the territorial snd administr11tive
integrit v of Chine or oI creating difficulties for
the bona fide trr-de of other countries middot1th Chne
6 15th uibullust 1 1937 That Janen harboured no
territorial designs on China enrl would middotsprre no
efforts in sefeuardin foreltn interest end r1hts
in Cina
7- Seterber 1937 That Jsren had peecetul
intentionB EJnn e lECY of -territorial designs in
Torth Chins
8 17th Fe_bruery 1 1939 That lfjpaa hid nc
terrl torlel designs in China nc that the occul)bt icI
ietrndnn uetl lU~-her_reP(bullristons_ th Geimiddot=ny 6ld
Itsl~ r~JttiYa t~ ~1 ser r~li-timiddot)ne wlticr tht i11tishy
- middot103 shy
10 l5th April 1940 ~hct Je~sn desired status
quo of the I-etherlands ~est Indies
11 16th ~ey 1940 That Japan had no rIEns nor
pur])ose tomiddot attack the Nettmiddoterlends East Indies
12 24th lerch 1 1941 Thft under no circumst6nces
vculd Jaoen ettacr the United States of 1oerica
Greet Dritein or th etherlancls est lndits
lJ 8th July 1941 That Ja~n rac not so fer
consfderec1 the middot~ossibili t~ of 1ifhtnf the Union
of Soviet Socialist Reublics
14 10th Tulv 1941 Thft Japen cont~plated no
cction rgoinst French lndo-Chne
15 5th middot~cerber 1941 Tht troop riovernnts in
French cndo-Cldna were precauticner1 meltlsUres bull
104 shy
AlPtmrx n
Incor~oreted in Group Three
The Laws and Customs of 1middotar ere established
pertly by tre ~rectice of civilized netions end
pertly by Conventions snd rseurances which are
either directly bindinn upon the parties thereto or
evidence of the established ~nG recognized rules
The Conventions end issurences hereinigtfter rentioned
in eny Prt of this ppendix will be relied upon es
s middothole for both iurposes only the nost leterial ~rticles being nuoted herein
1 The Convention o 4 d_one at The FFgue on the
18th October 1907 concerning the Laws and Customs
of igtr on Lend provides ( inter elie) as follolls
middotcccrding tc the views of the high Gonshy
trectinr- irties thes ~rovisio1s the drafting
of which hes been insrired by the desire to
diminish the evils of war so far ts military
requireoents perflit ere intended to serve JS
a gener~l rule of conduct for the bellirerents
in tteir reletions with the inhnbitants
It hes not 10VEVtir been found rossible
et present to concert stiulctions covering ~11
th circumst~nces lict er~e in rrctlce
Cn the other h~ne tts Eigh Contrecting
irtls clmiddotrly de not intcrd tlJ~t unforeseen
cses stculd in Gefult of written qre(llent
be left to the rtitrar) Cinion of milit~ry
- 105 shy
conms nders
r~ntil o nore ccmrilete c0deuro of th6 laws of
-tar clt-n be drmiddotwn up the Hieh Contr~cting
rrties dee~ it expedient to declPre thbullt in
c~ses not covered by the rules bulldopted by then
the inh~ bi t~nts ltncl the belligerents remr in
under the protGction ~nd governunco of the
princi~les of the lw of nr tions derived from
the us~~es ~stbullblished rmon~ civilized peoples
fron th1 1~ws of humnity middot-middotnd frou the diet~ t6~
of the public consci~nco
The RoguLtions sit out in the nn6x to the sric
Convntion 1tich for~s Tirt tler6of der 1 in
Section I witt Belliger6nts rnd risoncrs of middotcrrr in
qection II witt ao~tiliti(s ~na in Section III with
ilitrry middotuthority over the Territory of the Hostile
Stbullte
middotrticle 4 thereof in Section I provides (intsr
[li~) ~s follows
~r isoners of middotmiddotmiddot-r middotre in thEgt ower oI the
hostile Governmaat but not of th~ indivi6u~ls
or corps wlo cmiddot rture theuron middotbull
Convention lo 10 dcJ~ bull t th sr-r~ time nd
)lce concerns 1middotmiddotritime middotr
The _smiddot id Ccnvntions Yere signed bull nd rmiddottified
by er on ceb~lf cf over fcrt nmiddotmiddot tions including
bJ n middot na ebullmiddotcJ- o tho n~tions bringing t_he ch~rges
in this Indictment Eubject to C6rtrin rescrvtions
- 116 shy
not ere Rteri~l nd ttcus bec~ma rrt or evidence
cf the I~ws bull nd ~uetcms of middotmiddotmiddotr
2 Tho rore eonnlc te code of the I -ws of rr conshy
tenpl td by ttc s id Convention is contdncd iu
relmiddottion tc ~risoners of ~r in tho Inter~ tionl
Convention relmiddot ti ve to thc Trebull traent of risonors
of middotmiddotr done bullmiddott r-cnev on th6 27tli July 1929
(hertinrfter cbullllod the Genev Convention~)
lthoulI pmiddot n did not rbull tify thamp s id Convenshy
tion it bocmiddotne bindinr upon her for one or more of
the folobulling recsons
() It ws sipned on tho srid dmiddotte by or on
beh~lf of forty-seven n tions including
J middotmiddot n middot nu ch of the n tions bri~ging
the cr-rres in this Indlctmnt -nd
rrtified bJ over fdrty n~tions -nd thus
becmiddotmc nrrt or evitiLnce of the Lr~s -nd
Customs of r
( b) corm1uniclttion d ted tho 29th J~nur ry
1942 silned by 10GC Shigunori one of
the bullccused middot s For~ign l~nister on boh~lf
of Jp n ~ddresscd to the swiss inister
in Tokyo contr-incd the following stbulltement
middotlthough not bound by the 0onvention
r_1middot tiv to the Trtmiddot tment of ~middotrisoner~
of r middotJrpmiddotbulln will bullply mutmiddot tis
~1ltmiddot ndis the revisions of thmiddot t
Convcnticn to middotmericn prison~rs of
r In cocununicmiddot tion d- tesd on or - bout ths
- 107 shy
JOth January 1942 addressed to the
Argentine middotinister n Tokllo by TOGO
Shigenori one of the accused es Foreign
middotinister on behalf of- Japan it is stated
The Imperial Government has not yet
ratified the Convention of 27th July
1929 regarding the treatment of prisshy
oners of er They are not therefore
subject to the said Conventionmiddot None
the less trey will anply mutatis
mutendis the conditions of ihet Conshy
vention to English (enedien iustrelmiddot
ien end Jew Zeeland prisoners of war
in their power bullmiddotbull1th regard to suppl
of food and clothin~ to prisoners of
war they will consider on condition
of recinrocity national and racial
custous of the prisoners
By the said comr1unications or one of them
Japan acceded to the seid Convention in
accordence 1dth rticle 95 thereof and
the state of war then existin~ gave inmedshy
iate effect to such accession
middot (_c) The said comiunicetions constituted assurshy
ances to the United States of merica the
United Lingdor1 of Great Britain and North~
Irelane Canada ~ustralia ampnd iiew Zealan
to whoee governments the said coumanicetio
were intended to bb end Nere repeuted by
the raspectivemiddot~ecipients thereof adin
each case to ell nations who were at war
- 108 shy
with Japan
Except in the said natters there are no proshy
visions of tte said Geneva Convention to which the
expression mutatis mutandismiddotbull could properly be
applied
J The International Convention for the meliorshy
ation of the londition of the tmiddotounded and S1ck in
~rmies n the ~ield done at Geneva on the 27th July
1929 ( known as and hereinafter called I the Red Crost
Conventionbulll provides (inter alia) as follews
rrticle 26 The Corunenders-in-Chief of bellig
erent armies shall arrange the details for
carrying out the preceding articles as well as
for cases no~ provided for in accordance with
the instructions of their respective Government
and in conformity with the general principles
of the presampnt Convention ~
Japsn was a party to the said Convention
together with over forty other nations which ttus
becane art or evidence of the lavs an~ middotustorns of
ar In the above-mentioned coilllunicrtion deted on
or about the 29th January 1942 Japan stated
Jspon obs1rves strictly the Ganeva Convention
of 27th July 1929 rulstivs to the R~d Cross
as a state sign1tory of that Convtntion
cAommunicetion dated tblgt 13th Februar 1942
l~ shy
signed by TCG0 1 Shigenori one of the accused as
Foreign l-inister on behalf of Jspe_n addressed to
the swiss Jlinlster in okyo contained the_followlng
statement
The Imperial Government TAill apply during the
present war on con~ltlon of reciprocity the
provisions relative totbe treatment of prisonshy
ers of war of the 27th July 1929 to enemy
civilian internees as fer as applicable to
them enc prQvided that labour will not be
imposed u~on-them contrary to their free choic~
The said communlcetion constituted en assurshy
ance to ell the nations et wer with Je~an (who in
fact carried out the provisions of the said Convenshy
tfon es aplice ble to Jaamiddotnese clvi lien internees)
other then tra Republic ef Chine
The above-mentioned assurances were rereated by
the_ Japanese Foreign inistrymiddot on several occasions
as r~cently as tne 26th i-ay 1943
Epound~cbull11ns CF B1E~CrEs shy
All the offences are oreeches of the Laws end
Custolls of er in ec1dition to end es proved in
pert by the several -~rticles of the Conventions end
assurences specifically nentioned
SEClION NJE
Inhumane treatment contrary imiddotn each ease te
Article 4 of the said Anne_x to the said RagJlbull Conven
- 110 shy
tion end the whole of the said Geneva Convention end
to the s~id assurances In addition to the inhumane
treatment alleged in SectionsTwo to Six hereof
inclusive which are incorporated iri this Sacti6n
prisoners or war end civilian internees were murdere~
beaten tortured and otherwise ill-treated and
female prisoners were raped by members of the
Japanese forces
SECTICN TWO bull
Illegal employnent of prisoner of war labour middotcontrary in each case to rticle 6 of the said Annex
to the said Hague Convention end to ~art III of the
said Geneva Convention end to the said assurances
The said emuloyment was illegal in that
(a) prisoners or war were enployed on work
having connection end direct connection
with the operations of war
(b) prisoners of warwere employed on work for
which they ere hysicelly unsmiddot~ited and
on ~1ork which was unhealthy end dangerous
(c) the duration of daily work wee excessiye
end rrisomiddot1ers middot I-ere not allowed rests of
twenty-four middotconsecuti va hours in each week
(d) conmiddotditions of work wer rendered more
arduous ty c1lsclplinery measures
(e) prisoners were kapt end compalled to work
in unhce lthy cliretEgts end dangerous zones
end without sufficient food clothing or
toots
- 111 ~
SCTI CN Tl-R EE
Refusal sne ftbullilure to raintaln prisoners of
wer contrary tomiddot Article 7 of the said Annex to the
said Heeue Convention and ~rticle 4 end Pert III
trticlai 9 - 12 inclusive of the said Geneva Convenshy
tion and to t~amiddot seid assurances
C~ine to differences ~f netionel and reciel
custo~s the food end ~lothing supplied to the
la~enese troops were even when supplied to rrisonerr
of wor belonging to the white races insufficient
to tiointsin them Adequete food end clothing were
not SUP lied either in ecc9rdance with the said
Conv3nt1ons or the said essurences
The structural end sEnitary conGi tion of the
cc~ps end labour detachments f~iled entirely to
COR)ly with the stid ~rticlee and Yltse extremely
bed unhealth~middot end inadequate
Yashilll ent drinking facilities were inEdequete
end bed
S~TICN FCllR
Excessive and illegal punis~ment of risonars
of war contrery tq Article 8 of the said ~nnex to
the said Hague Convention end to rert III Section
V Chapter) of the said Geneva Convention and tc
the said assurances
(o) Prisoners of ~er ~ere killed beaten and
tortured vithout trial or investigetion of
any kind for alleged offences
(b) such uneuthorlzed punlsbments ware inflict
ed for alleged offences wtlch even if
- 112 shy
proved were not under the seid Conventionis
offences et middoten
(cl collective punishments were imposedmiddot for
individual alleged offences
(d) priscners were sentenced to punishment
more severe then imprisonment for thiity
days t9r stteQpting to escape
(el conditions ot the trial ot prisoners did
not conforn to those laid down in the seid
Chapter
(f) conditions ot lllprisonm~nt ot prisoners
sentenced did not conform to those laid
down in the said Chapter bull
sectCTIlt JrIVE
istreetment or the sick end wounded meicsl
personnel end ferale nurses contrary to Articles 3
14 15 end 25 of the seid Geneva Convention end
rticles 1 9 10 end 12 ot the seid Jee Cross Conshy
vention end to the said assurences
(el Officers end soldiers who were wounded or
sick medical personnel chaplains and
~ersonnel of voluntary aid Societies were
not respected or protected but were
murdered ill-treated end neglected
(b) medical personnel chaplains and personnel
er voluntary aid Societies were ~rongfully
retained in ~apenese hende
(cl female nurses were raped L1urdered and
ill-treated
(d) camps did not possess infirmaries and
- 113 shy
seriously sicJt prisoners ena those requirshy
ing illportant surical treatrent were not
edmittea to ~iliiary or civil institutions
qualifieG to treat them
(e) monthly t1edical inspections were not
arranged
(f) sick and wounded prisoners were transferred
elthou~h their reccvery-was prejudiced by
their journeys bull
S-0CTJO SIX
HuniIiation of prisoners of war ampnd especially
officersi contrary to trticle 8 of tha said Annex to
the said Hafue Conveurontion ana Articles 2 J 18 21
22 and 27 of the seid Geneva Convention and to tbe
seic assurances
(a) Prisoners were aeliberctely ~ept ana nade
to work ~n territories occ~riea by Japan
for the purrose ormiddotex~osing them to thb
nsults end curiosity of the inh~bitants
(bl prisoners in Tapen and in occuried tershy
ritories including officers were compelshy
led to orlt on rampnial tasls and exposed to
l)UbUc view
( c) officer ~r isoners vere -clacect rnaer the
control of ron-commissionea cifictrs and
private soldiers end oonp llLd to selute
them sr6 to wort
Refusel or feilure to collect en trensrnit
- 111 shy
informrtion rrerdinf rrisoners (fmiddot war end rGplies
to enquiriGs on tto subject centrer~ to trticle 14
of the seid Annex tc the seid Pague Convention end
to ~rticles 8 eqd 77 of the seid rsneva Ccnvention
and to the sEid assurances
Proper records were not kept nor inforfileshy
tion supplied es requirLd by the said
rrticles and the riost lmpcrtFnt of such
records as vorc kept were delibLrotely
distroyed
S~CIO rmiddotyenJ
Obstructions of the rirhts of the rrotectine
rowers of RLd Cross Socioties of prisonors of war
end of thair reprcs~nt~tives contrary to rticlc 15
of the seid bnncx to t~e s~id Pcfua Convention ana
t~ lticles Jl 42 44 78 Ln~ 86 of the said cneva
Convention end t9 tho said assurances
( o) The rrnrc sntti vcs of tha bullrotectj ng
Power ( Svd tZerlind) viere refused or not
rrsnt(d pmiddotroission to visit camns rnd
access to premises occupiod by prisoners
(b) vhcn suet rornlssion was gr11nttd ttr were
not allowod to hold conversetion with
prisoners without witnesses or ct ell
(c) on such occasions conditions in eo11ps w_r
dcc(ptively pr_pbrod to apbullepoundir btter thin
nor~1~l rnC rrisomrs wrr thrsttoned with
punishment if thy cornrleincd
(d) prisonErs ampnd th~ir rcprasant~tivss weru
not ellowGd to lllku complaints rs to the
- 115 shy
neturv or -their work or otherwhe or to
correspond rreelmiddot with the nilitery eit~iorshy
ities or tle rrotectin owampr
(e) Red CroEs ~ercels end nail were withheld
Erlloyinf ~oison contrary to the _lnternstionsl
Declaration resiiectin7 Asr-hyxistinf (bulleses siened by
( inter elia) Japen Pnc China st The Hague on the 29th
July 1899 and to ~rticle 2J(a) or the said Annex
to the said Es~ue Convention ane to ftrticle 171 of
the Tremiddotety otmiddotVerseilles
In the w~r~ of Japan ereinst the bullbullerublic
of Cline poison gas was lSed- Ttiis
elleretion is confined to thetmiddot country
smiddotcrr0r~ Tirr
illine enemies who tsvn laid down their
arms Qr no longer tevinr 1esns middotf defence had
surrenderec et discretion contrerr to ~rticle 23( t
of ~he sdlt Annex to this soid Eemiddot u~ Convention
Destruction or cneri rogterty without mlliterJ
Justificeticn or necessit~ end rillege contrary to
rticles2J(1d 2~ end 47 of the seid Annex to tbe
said Haguu Conventic-n
Failure to resrcct iani~middot honcur ed rights
ind V iduel lifEJ r-r1vE ti procrtr end rclifOUS
- 116 -middot
convictions and worship middot111 occ11phd territories and
denortation and ensl~vement ot tte inhabitants
thereof contrery to flrticle 46 or th~ said nnnex to
the said llegue Conventionmiddot end to the Laws end Customs
ot er
Large numbers ct the inhabitants ot such
territories were murdered torturto~ raped
End otherwise ill-treated arrested and
interned without Justificationmiddot sent to
reread labour ano tlir property destroyd
or cont1scotcd
SECTIC~ FT~T
E1111111 survivors ot shipsmiddot sunk by neval action
end crews of cspt11rd snirs contrary to rtich 16
ot irefrue Convention rro io ot 1907
Failure to rcsp0ct ~111tary hospital ships
contrary to ftrticle 1 01 the lEFt-mention0d Convenshy
tion and unleltul use of JamiddotJcnce bosPi ti l ships
centrer to trticles 6 ~ne 8 theraor
XTI crbull PTTn
~ttacks and especially ampttecs ~ithout due
wirning ution noutrl ships
- 117 bull
Statement of Individual Responsibility for Crimes Set Cut in the Indictment
The stetenents hereinefter set forth following
the nerle of each individual Defendant constitute
matters unon which the Frosecution will rely inter
elie as establishin~ the individual responsibility
of tbe Defendants It is charged against each of the Defendants
that he usad the po-er and nrestige of the position
which he held end his rersonel influence in such a
manner that he pro~oted and carried out the offences
set out in each Count of this Indictment in which
his name ap~eers
It is charged against each of the Defendants
that during the periods hereinafter set out against
his nnle he was one of those responsible for all the
acts and omissions of the various Governments of
which he bullas a member and of the various civil
military or naval organizations in vhich he held fl
position of autbcrity
It is crargad against each of the nefendants
as sho~n by the nurnb6rs fiven aftisr bis nalle that
he was ~resent at nr ccncurree in tte dacisions
taken at sole of the conferences end cabinet reetings
leld on or about tte follovinf dates in 1941 which
decisions prepared 1or end led to unlawful war on
7th8th Dece~ber 1941
1 25th June 1941 (Liaison)
2 26th June 1941 (liaison)
J 27th Junt 1941 ( L1a1middotsmiddotcn)
- 118 shy
4 28th June 1941 (Liaison)
5 )0th June 1941 (Supreme Yor Council)
6 2nd July 1941 (Imperial)
1 7th August 1941 (Thought Control Council)
s 22nd August 1941 (Cebinet)
9 6th September 1941 (I1rp6r1al)
10 17th October 1941 ( x-Ireniers)
11 26th iovcnber 1941 ( Liaison)
12 29th 1ovember 1941 (x-Prenier s)
1) 1st December 1941 (Imperial)
14 1st Decenber 1941 (Cabinet)
ARAKI
The Defendant ARAYI bet~een 1926 and 1945 was
amonr other ~s1tions held- Chief of General Affe1ri
Department of the ~ffice or Inspector General or
111tarr Training ( 1931) lin1ster of er under
Inukai end Seito (December 19)1 to July 19)4) e
full General (19))) ember or the Supreae Yer
Council ( 19)4 to 19)6) ember or the Cab1nt
Advisory Council on China (19)7) dacetlon dnister
under ronoye soc then under vrv111middot~ (ley 19)8 to
August 19)9) iember or thE Cabinet ~dvisory
Council (1940)
he D6fondent rc1-nmiddot 1 1 between 1928 enl 194S
we s enoni- other pr id t lone t e 1 d - ColllLlander of the
Special Service Section ln 1snchur1s (September
19)1) Peyor of ukdn ( 5pter1ber to Cctobcr 19Jl)
attached to heedlt1ucrters lwentunr Army ( 19)))
- 119
Chiet Adviser to the rortt China autonooous Govarnshy
111ent Colllllnc5er-in-Chlef reienese 5th Jrri Janchurie
(1938 to 1940) Suprene 1middoter Councillor (1940 to
1943) Inepector Qenerel ot 1111tery lvietion (1941)
tull renerel (April 1941) Cmmendemiddotr-in-Chiet
Eestern Army in l11en (1943)_Ciu1Snder ot the 7th
Aree 11r1111 et Slgeriore (1944 to 1945) Inspector
renerel 111tory Trelninl (A~ril 1945)
Conterenoes- s
he )efe1~dent ~middot~~rITI between 1928 and 1945
was erionmiddot other Gsitions held- etteched rmy
Cenerol Steff Cl9JJ) retired fro-n Army (Pebruery
1936) author cf Iecleretons cf E~gtFr OTO iingoro
(1936) re-entered the Army (1937) commended en
rtillerr Pegillent et the Ree cf llnmiddottdn (1937)
in corlland of Jeranese forces which shelled the
ladybird and the -aney (1937) author of a l~rge
number ot books articles in ~lc iragezine Tai ye
Dd tippon en6 oter rublicE tions end ~utlic
speeclef ell advCcting agrress~ ve wEirfere member
of e nu~ber of societies fer the 1nst1get1on of army
control over ~~11tics end furtherance er er~ressiva
~1erfre proroter of e nunber o lets designed tcshy
renove poll ti clans lti oft lcers Ylhoo he did not
consider sufficiently eecreiEve middote frunder of the
T~~~ (194n) elected to the Lcwer rouse of the
fjit 1194)
- 120 shy
The Detendent f beheen 1928 and 1945 was
aronr other CS1 t1ons held- D1v1s 1onal Colllander in
l-encbur1 (1933) Chlet o ~rmy ~v1at1on Department
( 1935) C=ander or tts Taiwan trmy ( 1936 to 1937)
Inapector reneraLet bull111tary Ecucatlon and L1eJ1be~
ot the S1~1rene tar Council ( tugust 1937 l a full
General (Februa~y 1937) Colroander-1n-Ch1et of the
Jltxped1t1onary Force in Central China (February 1938)middot
ember ot the 3uDrez-e bullmiddoter Council ( January 1939l
middot-er llinlster under be ( ugust 1939 to Januery 1940)
Ccmmander-1n-Ch1et ot the ~xped1t1onary Force 1n
Central Chna (Tuly 1940 to 1944) iel6 lershall bullend ember of the JloCrd ot Jarshele aad d1irels
(June 1944) Insgtector General ot 111tery Sducetion
(Novenber 1944)
PIR 1~
he Defendant -1 middot r between middot1928 end 1945
was among ctler nositlons held- Founder ot the
Yokuhonsta end resident frcir 1926 to 1936 Vice
resident ot Jrlvi Coulc11 (1930 to 1936) rresldent
ot r1vy Council (1936 to 1939) rrLe nnister
( January to middotugust 1939) 1-lnister middot1i thout -middotortfollc
under Konoye and tor a time Eome inister and later
V1ce-remier (July 1940 to Cctrber 1941) ie~ber of
~bought Control Council ueust 141) ires1dent
rrivy Cou~cil (1945)
Conferrnces- l234b7612
- 121 shy
The Defendant PIROT between 1928 end 1945 was
eronr ether Oitlons held- mbeesedor to the Union
or2ov1et Socialist Re~ubl1cs (19JO) Foreign
l~in1eter (Septenber 193) to July 1934) under Saito
end F-ro111 July 1934 to 1arch 1936 under Okede Pr1me
Unister and tor a tine Forei11n i-anitter concurrentli
Wsrch 19)6 to February 19J7) Foreign Jinister under
Yonoye (June 1937 toay 19J8) et1ber or tM
Cabinet middotdvisory C1uncll (1940)
Conrerences- 1012
lOliWO
The Derendent rcsrrrc between 1928 end 1945 bullas snonr other rositions h~ld- Chier General middotrrsirs
Puresu of the Finance Derartment ofbull the i-Snchukuo
Government (19J2) Chief or ~enersl middotrrairs in the
P1nsnce Inistry o anchulrno ( 1934) Vice anister
Finampnce in the ~middotencl ukuo ~cv~rnment ( 1936) Chier
renual ffairs uruu in tho ational middotrrampirs crric
or 1middotanchukuo ( December 1936) Chief of roneral
bullrreirs in lanctutuo (July 1938) =resident or the
Ilannnr Peard enc later 1n1ster without gtortfolio
under l~onoye ( July 1940 to rrll 1941) Chiampf
secretary and Iinieter or 3tate under TClC ( Cctcber
16th 1941 tc July 1944) dviser tc Finance inietrj
(December 1944)
Ccnfersncee- 1114
ITGH
The Defendant IT 11middotI botween 1928 end 1945 wes
- 122 shy
among other rositions heldbull full Colonel 1wentung
Jrm (1929) l~jor General i~wentung trny (1932)
Vice CUet of Steff Kwentung ~rllJbull ( 19J4) Coiunender
5th Division in ~hine (arch 1937) Chief of Steff
1wantune rmy (1936 to 1937) attached to Headquarshy
ters General Start (middotay 1937 ar lln1ster under
Yonoye end HI1~1lJ~ tror~ Jule 1938 to -UpoundUSt 1939
and concurrently resident of the Ianchuriari middotrra1rs
~ureau of the Cebinet Chief of Sterr Japanese middotrmy
in Chine (Se~tember 1939) full General (July 1941)
Commender epenese ray in Iarea (July 1941 to
1945) Uunber of ~upreme imiddoter Council (1943) Comshy
Jlllnder 7th middotrea middotrm in ltin~epore (pr11 1945)
Y The Defendant rmiddotvmiddot between 1928 anamiddot1945 was
among other positions held- yhiet Secretary Finance
Uinietry (1934) mnister of igtinence t June 1937 to
ray 1938) under Konoye on the middotdvieory Ccmmittee
China middottteire lloard (J9J9) resident North China
Developrient Company (19J9 to 1941) P-inence linister
under To-c ( June 1941 to February 1944l Director
IR gtS (1944)
Conferences- 11121314
ICIDO
the Defendant LIDO between 1928 end 1945 wee
among other positions bald- Chief Secretary to the
Lord hampeper of the Priv~ Seal (19JO) Education
Minister under Ionoye ( 1937) Velfare -iinister under
Yonoye (1938) Home Iinieter under hIR PUil 11939)
- 123 shy
Lord Keeper or the Privy Seel (1940middotto 1945) chief
oonfidentiel advisor to the Lmperor and presided et
meetinrs or Ex-rreciers
Conferences- 1012
KU~tR
The Defendant 1I1JR middot between 1928 and 1945 wu
eMon11 other CS1t1ons ~eld- Chief or Starr 1wantung
middotrmy ( 1940) Vice er linister under 1onoye ampnd TCJO
(1941 to lebruer- 1944) lirnber uprece er Council
(194)) Commflder in Chief Japanese rmy Burma
(1944) full General (1945)
YCISC
The Defendant KCISO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- Director lilitery
middot ffairs flureeu of tl6 iar linistry (19)0) Vice
War inister und-er Inukai ( 19)2) Chief or etaff
Ywantunr middotmiddotmiddotmy (19)2 to 1934) ColllilBnder Jenampnese
middotrcy Korea_ (19)5 to 19)6) a full General (19)7)
Overseas inister under BI l1 (19)9) end under
ona1 (1940) Governor General 1oree (Iay 1942)
rime l1nlstir ( uly 1914 to pril 194S)
~TSbullTI
The Defendant ~~TstI between 1928 and 1945 was
8llOilF other rosltions heldbull Re)resentetive of the
Japanese ~rmy at the Geneva Conference (19)1) 1lerober
of the upreme iar Council (arch 19))) a full
General (19JJ) a founder of the Greater ~est Asia
Society (19JJ) Commender-in-Chief Japanese forces
- 124 shy
in Centrel Chine (Cctober 1937 to February 1938)
Hember ot the Cabinet dvisory Council (July 1938
to Januari 1940) Adviser to the Asia Pronotion
FeGeration (1940) Aeviser to the rreeter East Asia
Affairs Section or the r~~J (1943) rresident or
the Creater East Asia Davelopient ~ociety (1944)
lllSTCYA
The Defendant middotrSTTCJAbetween 1928 end 1945
was erJOlF other Ositions held- cier Delegate to
the League or etions ~ssembly ( 1933) ~resident ot
the 1-outh lPnorurien =teilwer (19J5 to 1939) Hember
or the c~binet bulldvisory Council (1940) Foreign
linister middot under onoye ( July 1940 to July 1941)
author ot ~show Restcretion (1938) end other books
end articles and ~ublic speeches advocating aggresshy
sive warfare
Conferences- 12~346
rn~bull1t
The Defendant INt~ between 1928 end 1945 was
P~ong other ~ositions held- Commander Japanese
rm Korea I1929) Ver iniampter under bullTekatsulci
(l-ril 193_1 to Lecember 1931) 5uprame 1er Councillor
( 1931 to 1934) Coanender-in-Chief Kvantung rmy
( 1934 to 19J6) Governor Cenerl of 1oree ( 1936 to
1942) Jenber or tle rmiddotriv~ Council ( 1942 to 1945)
~resident or the l~liticel tssocietion of Greet
Taren (1945)
- 125 shy
tTO
The Defendant lUTO between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held- Instructor et the
ilitsry lttoff College (19)0 to 19)2) Senior Otticer
ot the rilitery ~ttairs Bureau of the Her inistry
(19)5 to 19)6) Chief ot a section ot the General
st111tt ( 1937) attached Headquarters Starr Central
China bullrmy (1Lgust 19)7) Colonel attached to
1wantung bullrmy Headquarters Ctlet ot the llilitsry
ftairs Eureau ( October 19)9 to pril 1942 l
colllllsnded 2nd Guards Division in Sumatra (194))
C~iet ot Steft or the 14th ree middotrmy in the rhilishy
ppines under Gener~l Ycmashite (October 1944)
Conferences- 12346911lJ
The Defendant 1rmiddotcmiddotn0 between 1928 end 1945 was
1mong other J)ositions held- Vice Chief Nevel
General 3teft (1930) Delegate to the Geneve Pavel
Conference ( 1931) Lember Supreme 1er Council ( 19JJ)
full dmirel (1934) Chief Delegate to London Naval
Conference (19)5) Navy 1inister under HIROT~ (Mer ch
1936 to February 19)7) _ Ccmmen~ar-in-Chiet ot
Conbined Fleet (19)7) Hember of Supreme er Council
(1940) Chiet of Navel General Steff (April 1941 to
February 1944) Supreme Yaval Adviser to the iLperor
tram February 1944
Conferences- l2J469lllJ
or~
The Defendant CFA between 1928 enG 1945 was
- 126 shy
BllOne other ~ositions held- on the Vevel Generil
Sterr (1930) section Cbie1 Generel end uilitery
Atteirs Pureau of tbe bullavy (1938) Cbie1 General
and llltery ftelrs Bureaux ot the lmiddotavy_ (October
1940 to August 1944) Vice Adlral ( 1942) Vice
Navy Hinster (20 July 1944) under 1crso Commandershy
1n-Cbie1 Ch1nka1- (Korea) tavel Stetlon (Septeriber
1944 to June 1945)
Conferences- 1234691113
The Defendant OKAVA between 1928 and 1945 was
eflong otner rositlons held- Director GeMtral of
the iest ~sis Research nstitute of the South
lenct-urien 1e1lwe rroll 1926 en orcsnizer of tte
ukden Incicent (Se-ptember 18th 1931) author of
t temiddotSnese Fistory Reeder (1935) enci 01 books
articles encl sreEeches advocatine aggressive war tormiddot
the expulsicn by force ot the wtit~ races from Asiamiddot
OSHD~
middotThe Jefendent C~~IM_ between 1928 end 194i 11es
llllong other rostlons held - ~llltery ttache in
Berlin (1936) tllbassedor tc ~ermeny (October 1938
to Octobe~ 1939) and egeln fron February 1941 to
rrril 1945
S 1TC
The Defendant SC b~tveen 1928 and 1945 was
among other Csitions held- Instructor rny Gonerel
Steff Colloga (1935) sttecbed to the ilitery middot-L middot
- 127 shy
bulltta1rs Bureau ot thfl Har ~1n1str~ enler or the
lenn1ng Poard (1937 to 19)8) Chief ot the 1111 tery
tta1rs Section ot the i111tery middottte1rs Auresu ot
themiddotrer r1n1stry (Februer3 1941 to middotpril 1942)
ISJor G6nerel (October 1941) Chiflt ot ilitary
tta1rs Pureau ot the tmiddoter 1n1stry ( pr11 1942 to
December 1944) Lieutenant Genpoundral (arch 1945)
the Defendant FGllITSU batveen 1928 and 1945
WEIS oiong other positions 1eld - l1nistEr to China
(1931) Vice lorolcn lnister under Saito and Cikede
(1933 to 19)6) cbessador to the Tnion ot 3ov1et
Socialist Relulillcs Wovemb6r 1936 to Nov61ilb6r 1938)
middotibessftor to t-re6t Britain ( 1938 to June 1941)
middotrebassedor to the 1-Tanltinr i_lrgtPet JovernnLnt (Decmb3r
1941 to Jril 1943) Foreitn inister under_ TOlO
( bullyr11 194) to July 1944) and Fordgn rinister and
concurrently linister for Greiter est sia under
KCI~O (July 1944 to hril 1945)
SHIWDA
The Detendent SRilJDA betveen 1928 nd 1945
was ar1ong other positions talC- Chier ot 5tatt
Combined Fleet (1930) Vice CMet revel General
Steft ( 1935 to 1937) Comlander of the econd Fleetmiddot
(December 19)7) COIJll8nder Chine Fleet (ay 1940)
full Admiral (1940) -ev_y inister under TClC (Cctoshy
ber 1941) appointed tc Su~reme middotmiddoter Cc=c1l (1944)
Chiet ot ravel General 3teft (February to July 1944)
Conferences- 12i314
bull 128 shy
SHIRATOR
The Defendant $IRAT0RI between 1928 and 1945
was eeong other positions held- Chief or Intorlll8shy
tion Bureau or the loreien Office ( 1930 h ~inister
to sweden orwar Denmark Finland (1936) Ambasbull
aador to Italy (1939) Adviser Japanese Foreign
Office (1940) author of an article in Conte~porary
Japan po1nt1ni_r out the necessity of a World Conflict
to establishmiddotthe llew Order in Asia (hpr11 le
1941) Director IR~Ps (1943)
suzmr
The Defendant SUZ~IYI between-1928 end 1945 was
among other middotpositions held- Lember of the middot111 tery
ffsirs Section or the War Iinistry middot(19Jl) attached
to the Bureau or ~litary ffairs of the ~er Departshy
ment (19J3) Official ot the Investigation Bureau
or the Cabinet (193S) Regimental Col11118nder of the
14th Regiment (1936) Chiefmiddot or the Political Affairs
Division or the Chine ~fairs Poard (December 19J8
to lpril 1941) actill8 Director General thereof
in 1940 middotrreeid~nt ot the Cabinet Planning Board
end Iinieter without orttolio (pr11 1941 to
Cctober 1943) under Konoye and T0ir Cabinet dviser
(Noveriber 1943 to Se~tember 1944) Director or the
IR 1bullbull t (1944)
Conrerances- 689111314
TOGO
The Defendant TOGO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- i~beesedor to (eroany
bull 129
(October 1937) Ambassador to tlll Obion ot Soviet
Socialist Republics (October 1938) Foreign Minister
and Minister for overseas Affairs under TOJO (October
1941 to )larch 1942) Foreign Xinist er and Kini st er
or Greater East Asia WJier SUZUKI (April 1945)
Conterences1- 11121314
TOJ01
The Detendlllt TOJO betireen 1928 ani 1945 was
among Other pos1tions held- Head ot the First
Section or the General Start (1931 to 1932) Chiet
or the Investigation Section or the Am7 Communica-
tions School (1932) Col11111ll1der or the Xilitar7
Police or the Kwantung Ann7 (1935) Chief or Starr
Kwantung Arrrrr (1937) Vice War Minister under
Konoye (Xay to Decenber 1938) Director General or
111litary Aviation (1938 to 1939) far llinb ter umer
Konoye (Julr 1940 to Decelligter 1941) tull General
(October 1940) Prime Ministerand war Minister
concurrentlr (December 2 1941 to Julr 1944) shy
during which period he was also at tirnea Rome
K1n1ster Minister or Jlunitlona and Chier or
General Starr
Conterences1bulll23456S9ll121314
UKEZUI
The Defendant UIIEZU between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held1- Chier or the General
Affairs Depart~~t ot thll War K1n1strr (1931)
Commander of the Japanese Forces 1n China (1934)
Vice war J1n1ster under HIROT Barash and Xonore
(Karch 1936 to Mar 1938) Comnanter of the Kwan tung
Armr and Ambassador to Manchukuo (1939 to 1944)
tull General (1940) Chief or General start (Jul7
1944 to 1945)
bullbull 11011bull 150 shy
- ANNEXES
-
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
-
- A-1 THE POTSDAM DECLARATION
- A-1-a JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-b REPLY BY SECRETARY OF STATE TO JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-c FINAL JAPANESE ACCEPTANCE
- A-2 INSTRUMENT OF SURRENDER
- A-3 MOSCOW CONFERENCE AGREEMET
- A-4 SPECIAL PROCLAMATION ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-5 CHARTER OF THE INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-6 INDICTMENT
-
- GROUP ONE CRIMES AGAINST PEACE
-
- Count 1
- Count 2
- Count 3
- Count 4
- Count 5
- Count 6
- Count 7
- Count 8
- Count 9
- Count 10
- Count 11
- Count 12
- Count 13
- Count 14
- Count 15
- Count 16
- Count 17
- Count 18
- Count 19
- Count 20
- Count 21
- Count 22
- Count 23
- Count 24
- Count 25
- Count 26
- Count 27
- Count 28
- Count 29
- Count 30
- Count 31
- Count 32
- Count 33
- Count 34
- Count 35
- Count 36
-
- GROUP TWO MURDER
-
- Count 37
- Count 38
- Count 39
- Count 40
- Count 41
- Count 42
- Count 43
- Count 44
- Count 45
- Count 46
- Count 47
- Count 48
- Count 49
- Count 50
- Count 51
- Count 52
-
- GROUP THREE CONVENTIONAL WAR CRIMES AND CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY
-
- Count 53
- Count 54
- Count 55
-
- APPENDICES
-
- APPENDIX A SUMMARIZED PARTICULARS
-
- SECTION 1 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN MANCHURIA
- SECTION 2 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN THE REST OF CHINA
- SECTION 3 ECONOMIC AGGRESSION IN CHINA AND GREATER EAST ASIA
- SECTION 4 METHODS OF CORRUPTION AND COERCION IN CHINA AND OTHER OCCUPIED TERRITORIES
- SECTION 5 GENERAL PREPARATION FOR WAR
- SECTION 6 THE ORGANIZATION OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FOR WAR
- SECTION 7 COLLABORATION BETWEEN JAPAN GERMANY AND ITALY AGGRESSION AGAINST FRENCH INDO-CHINA AND THAILAND
- SECTION 8 AGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION
- SECTION 9 JAPAN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA THE COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILLIPPINES AND THE BRITISH COMMONWEALTH OF NATIONS
- SECTION 10 JAPAN THE KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS AND THE REPUBLIC OF PORTUGAL
-
- APPENDIX B LIST OF ARTICLES OF TREATIES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUO ONE AND TWO
- APPENDIX C LIST OF OFFICIAL ASSURANCES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUP ONE
- APPENDIX D INCORPORATED IN GROUP THREE
- APPENDIX E STATEMENT OF INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR CRIMES SET OUT IN THE INDICTMENT
-
upon the following
The J~p~nese r-overnmant rre rendy to
ccept the terms enumerrteurod in th- joint
drcl~rrton which bullEs issued ft otsdmiddotm on
July 26th 1945 by the heeds of the Governmonts
of the United St tts Gret t Br itdn ~nd Chin
nnd 1-ter subscribed by tha Soviet Govornment
with the undorstbullncinz thrt the srid doclcrshy
tion does not comprise ~ny de~nd which prejushy
dices the prerogbullmiddottives of His Ejeurosty ts
Sovereign nuler
Tba 0 -rnese Governcnt sincerely hope
h~t this understtnding is wcrrcntGd nd desire
keenly th~t bull n explicit indic tion to th1 t
effect will be speedily forthcomine
In trr nsmi ttinp the r bove messr re the J(pmiddotnese
Iinistar rddod thbullt tis Governraent begs the Governshy
ment of the Tritd St~tes to forwrrd its cnswer
through the intcrmedimiddotmiddotry of Switzerlrnd Similr-r
requests ~re buing trnsmitted to tho Cmiddotovornments
of rrert Britin middotn~ the ~nion of Soviet Socirlist
Republics through the intermedfrry of Sweden bull s
we11 S to the Covernment of Chin~ through the intershy
mcdhry cf Switzerlrnd The Chinesa 1-inister t
Berne h~s bulllredy been informed of the foregoing
through the ehrnnel of the swiss oliticrl Deprrtshy
ment
Plcise be rssured th t I c~ rt your disposl
~t rny time to rccept for nd forwtmiddotrd to my Governshy
m~nt the reply of thcmiddotGovernnent of the Cnited St 0 te~
- 5 shy
tccept S1r the renewed r ssurrnces ot my
highest considerrtion
lh() Fonorcble J~mes f Byrnes s Grossll secret~ry ot Stete
Cherge d 1ttl ires ~d interim ot SW1 tzerlcnd
- 6 shy
JlliEX NO J-1-b
JUDGlENT
INT1RNTIONL IILITay TRIBUNAL FOF THI FJR ElST
REPLY BY SECPLTRY OF STTE TO JJPfuESE CULIFIED ieCCEPTJjCJE
Auust 11 1915
Sir1
I hnve the honor to ~cknowledre receipt of y)ur
note of Auust 10 nnd in rc~ly to inforri you thrt
the Prcsitent of th lnitcd Sttes h~s directed rie
to send to you f~r trrnsrrission by y)ur r0vcrnncnt
to the JlJnese G)vern1ent the follminp r-essire In
brmiddothnlf of the Govcrnncnts of the United Strtcs the
Uni tcd Kinrdoo the Union of Sovkt $)cidist
neublics rnd Chinni
1th rcpr-rd to the Jr-rncgtsc Governricntbulls
rcmiddotSS1fe lCCPtinp the tcri-s ~f the Fotsdri roclcshy
mrti 1n but Cmiddotgtntdninp the strtfmcnt 1 with the
understinclinp thot the stid dcclnr~tion dx s not
comprise rny deoond which rejudicesmiddot the prerontives
or His Majesty cs P sovcrcirn ruler 1 our rosition
is ns folloi-1s1
Fr)ri the riomc-nt of surrender the ruthrity
of the- Er1perr nd the Jnnesc Govcrrnirnt to rule
the stotc s~all be subject to the Surei-~ Clrinrnder
or the llied iov1crs who v1ill t-ke such sters rs he
decr-s roper to cffc ctute the surrender tcrlbullS
The Emperor will be requirec1 to riuth0rize ond
c-nsure thpound sir-nature by the Govcrnrient of Jrrrn nd
the Jn~onese Irirerinl General Hrndqurrtcrs of the
- shy
surrender terns necessary to ccrry out tho proshy
visions ot the ctsdan r~cleretion and shell issue
his couiands to ell tte ~aanesa llilitcr- mvcl
end eir authorities en~ to ell the forces under
th~ir control whoravor locrtod to cease octiva
opcrctions rnd to surrender their trns cnd to
issue suet- otter orders ts tte 3urrelle Cor1itndor
n y relulre to -ltive effect to the surrender terms
Ifll~dietelmiddot unon the surrsnder tho Jarenese
Governnent shell trcnsort rtscners of Vii r end
clvilim int ornees to pleces of s foty cs directd
whera thQ~ cen quickly bb plLced cboerd Allied
trrnsrorts
ThG ultiwt forr1 of eovernnont of Jcpcn
sh~ll in occcrdtnce with the ~otsdcm Decl~rrtion
be cstablisbcd by the freely cxrressed ~111 of tho
Jcpampnesa ~~oplc
Th rr1Gd forces of the Allied iowers will
re r-ln in s--n until the bullurroros set forth in the
otsd~ll declerr tion ore 1middotchlcved
Acccrt Sir the ronewad rssuronces of ry
highest consider~tion
r middotox r-rnssli Ctrge d Jffioires fd Interpound of
Switzcrlnd
- 8 shy
1JU1EX NO 1-1-c
JUDGIENT
INTERNJTIONL MILITARY TRIBUNiL FOR TEE FJR EAST
FINbL JbPIJESE ACCEPTANCE
LBGATION DE SUISSE bullwASHINGTON DC
Aurust 14 1945
Sir1
I have the h~nlr to refer to ylur note of
Aurust 11 in which you requested me to trcnsmit to
oy Government the re~ly ~f the Govcr=nts lf the
United st~tes the United Kinrdom the Union or
Slviet Slcialist Rc~ublics end Chine to the ressape
frlm the Jcpcneso a~vcrnoent which wcs com~unicntcd
in my n~te of August 10
lt 2010 todoy (Swiss Tine) the Jnpcnese
Minister to Switzcrlcnd conveyed the followiflishy
written strtclient to the Swiss Govcrnoent for trrnsshy
1issiln to the four Allied Glvnnmcnts1
Comtiunicrtion of the J~rrnesc Governnent
of Aurust 14 1945 cddressed to the Governoents
of the Unitcd Stetes Greet Britain the Slviet
Union ~nd Chinas 1171th reference to the Jcprnesc Governshy
rpound n11s hote lf 1uust 10 tqrardinl thE ir
nccer~cnce ~r the ~rovisi~ns of the Potsdam
Dcclorrtiln ~na the reply lf the Governments
f the United St~tcs Great Britain tho
Swi1ot Union l)nc Chini srnt by Jrnericn Sccreshy
t~ry f st~tc Zyrncs under the date of AUJUSt 11
- 9 shy
the J~pcnese Governricnt h~vc tho honor to cocshy
nunictc to the rovernnents of the four powers
rs follows
l Fis l~jcsty the ErrEgtror h-s iesued
rn nnerhl rescri~t rcfrrdine- Jprn s ccccptshy
nca of the nrovsions of thamp Potsd2c Daclcrcshy
tion
2 Fis Lr Jc sty the Jmperor is prcprrtid
to ~middotuthorize ~nd cnsur the signtture by his
Gcverrwunt cnd the Imperil-I Gcnerrl Herdqucrters
of the necessmiddot ry terris for crrry1ng out the
provisions of the fotsdc Deel rr tion Eis
r jesty is bull lso repf red to issue his coonrmiddotnds
to r-11 the nilitrry nmiddotvcl rnd middotir uthorities
of Jltpn degnd ell th forces uncicr thtiir control
vherever loc tcd to cs~ se ctive opertions to
surrender -rllS rnd to issue such other orders
s rny b required b the 5urrma Conrl nder of
the lli(d Feroes for th~ execution of th
bull bove-ncntioncd tcrls
1capt lr th- r~newtd rssurrnces of my
hiFhest consictertion
Grrssli Chrrge d middotrrires middotrd interim
of SWitzerlr nd
1r ~x Grssli Chmiddot rge abull rr~ ires middot d InteriL~ or
3yeni tzerlr nd
- 10 shy
A~TJIl TC J -2
JlJDG E-T
HTmmiddotmICITAL )III~RY TRIBUNtL FCR TH FAR EAST
e acting b command of and in behalf of the
ELlperor cf Jaran the Japanese ~overnment en~ the
Ja~anese Imperial General Feadouarters hereby
accept the provisions set forth in the declaretioc
issued by the heads or the Governments of the TTnited
States C ine end Great flritain on 26 July 1945 at
rotsdeo and subsequently adhered to b) the Union
of Soviet Socialist Re~ublics which four powers
ere hereafter referred to as the Allied ~ewers
e hereby proclain the unconditional surrender
to tte Jllied rowers of the Jarenese Imperial General
Heacq_uarters end of all anenese armed forces and
ell arMed forces under Jaanese control wherever
situated
e hereby collllend all Japanese foroes wherever
situated and the Je~epese people to cease hostilities
forthwith t(l preserve enc save fror- daoate ell
ships Eircreft and Eilitery ahd civil property
end to ccMply with all requirecents which may be
irroosed bmiddot the Supreme Cotlllenltler for the Allied
Powers or by agencies of the Jaranese Government at
his direction
middote hereby collllanc the Japanese rr~erial General
Peodquarters to issue at once orders to the Comshy
manders of ell Jaenese forces end all forces under
- 11 shy
middotJaanese control vherever situated to surrender
unconditionslly themselves and all forces under
their control
e hereby corllland all civil military end naval
officials to obey end enforce all proclsmetions
orders end directives deerued by the Supreme Comshy
mender for the Allied ~ewers to be proper to
effectuate this surrender end issued bmiddot hio or under
his authority and~~ direct all such officials to
re~~in at their posts end to continue to perform
their non-combatant duties unless specifically
relieved by hi1 er under his author ty
middotmiddote hereby undertaYe for the ELperor the
JaTienese Government end their successors to carry
out the provisions of the otsdan Declaration in
~cod feith end to issue whatever orders and teke
whatever action nay be rerured bl the Suprene
Corllonder for tte Allied rowers or by ony other
designated rspres~ntative of the tllied ~ewers for
tlie ~-urose or riving effect to that Decl1ration
e hcrebi corlland the Japenese Inerial
rovernrent ond the Japanese ImTierial General headshy
quarters et once to liberate all allied prisoners
of Mr end civilisn internees now under Japanese
control end to provide for their ~rotection cere
lillintenence and illllediete trans)ortrtion to places
es directed
~he euthority of ths m~eror and the Japanese
Government to rule the state shall be subject to
th~ 8upreme Colllllcnder for ths Allied Powers who will
tike auch steps as he deems proper to effectuate
- 12 shy
these terms or surrender
51gned et TokO Bsmiddot Janen at 0904 on the
Second dry of September 1945
By Command find In b6 alf of the Emnoror of Japan end the Jepanese Gov3rnment
Ycshirro Umezully Cornrnd endn behe lf of the JAFtnese lnperitl Genersl Hecduerters
fcCftod ct Tytyo E~ Te pan Et 0908 on the
~eccnd dry of lt1ertairbor 1945 for the ttnited Stctes
Reublio of Chine United fingdoP1 rnd the Union of
Soviet kci~list Republics e-nd in the interests of
the other Tnited Nrtions rt lier with Jopcn
C l NiMit z Unlted St~tes Representtive
Hsu Yung-ChFnll
Bruce Fr-ser United Kinqcon JepresentEtive
lieuten~nt renerrl K Derevyrnko Union of ~ovlet Soolrllst RepublicsRepresent~tive
T bull Blrmy Corimiddotcnwer-lth of fustrlic RepreBEnhtive
I bull toore Cos lr ne DoMinlcn cf eenfdf lepresentctrve
le Chrc ~rovl~icnsl Gov~rnment of the French Republic qerrescnt~tive
- lJ shy
C ~ 1 Helfrich flngdom of the ~c~hcrlmiddotncs Reprsent~tive
Ltonmiddotrd middot Isittmiddot Doninion of Pew Zcmiddotlmiddotnd Rcnrcsentctive
~ccptin the terms set forth in tho De~l r shy
tion issued br the heds of the Goverll1lcnts of the
1Jni tcd st tes Grert Eritcin ind Lhin on July 26
1945 r-t otsdru nd subsequently ~dhered to by the
Union of ~oviet Soci list Re~ublics I hva commnde4
the lmiddot J nose Irperil Governm-nt ~nd the J1p~ nese
lllperi l Gener~ 1 He dqu~rter13 to sign on my behlf
the instrument of surrender presented by the Supreme
ColDlmiddot nder for the llied owsrs 7nd to issue Generfl
Orders to the lil1trry bullnd IIbullvbulll forces in cccordrnclt
with the direction of the Supr5lilC Comm ndw- for the
llied Fowers I co=rnd rll my people forthwith to
cerse hostilities to lbully down their irms nd fbullithshy
fullr to c~rry out middot11 the provisions of the instrushy
rent of surrcndor middotnd th Generrl Orders issued by
the ry~ nese Im~erirl C-encrbull 1 lier dqu~ rters thereunde
- 14 shy
JNNEX NO J-3
JUDGMENT
INTLRNATIONAL MILITRY TRIBUNJ FOR THE FAR EA-
MOSCOV CONFERENCE AGREE-ENT
The Forei rn Ministers of the Union If Soviet
Scicl1st Republics the United Kinrdom and ~e United Stetes of ncricn met in Moscow frrr December
16 to December 26 1945 in ncc0rd with the
decision of the Crimea Conference poundOnf1rmed nt t~
Berlin C0nference thet there shuld be er ind ic conshy
sultnt11ll between them At the meetinfs of the 3
Foreign Ministers discussions took plnce on nn
informnl nnd erlorntory bnsis r-nd crrecmrnt wns
renched on the follow1np questions bull
bullbullibullbull
i The Supreme Commnltkr shdl 1ssuc nll
Orders for the inplmiddotmcntati ln of the Terms of
SurrendEr the Occupatigtns end control of J~)~n
nnd Dirc-ctives supplercmiddotntnry thereto In middotoll cases
action will be cnrricd cgtut uncer me throurh the
Supreme Commender who is the s0le Excmiddotcutive ruth0rity
for the Allied Povers in Joprn He 1ill consult nnd
id vise vii th the Council in ndvnnce of thc is sunnce
gtf Orders on mnttcrs of substance the rxirencies
of the situation permittinr his decisions upon
these octtcrs shall be controllinr
middot
- 15 shy
mrtJC T( -4
Jl JYl TJ-1T
=rcr middotr ircr middotmiddotmiddotmiddot1rr~r
JTltlISP~T ( 11 1 TCI IIIT1Y TRI~UNL
FOR CU~ FR ~ST
ViHlES the United Ltetes end the Netions
allied therewith in orposing the illegal wars of
aggression of the middotxis fJetions have froll time to
tine made declarations cf their intentions that
war crininals should be brought to justice
17 middot the Governnents of the middot111ed -ewers
et war with Japan en the 26th July 1945 at ~otsdam
declared as one of the terns of surrender that
middotstern Sustice shall be meted out to all Yer crimshy
inals including those who hove visited cruelties
upon our ~risoners
F~ middot b~middot the Instrument of Surrender of
Tenen eirecuted et ollt~middoto lay Jaran on the 2nd
lterter1er 1945 the signatories for Tapan by
colnllenc of and n behalf of the un~a~or enc the
re~anese Government accented the terms set forth
in such Declaration at otsddm
FE1 middot by such Instrument of Surrender the
authority of tle Srnperor and the Ja~ anese Government
to rule the etate of middotr_aen is made subject to the
Suprene Cv~bullbuller for the bull-llied owers who is
suthorized to take such steps as he deems proper
tc- effectuate the terms of surrender
- 16 shy
HEREbull 5 the undersigned has been designated by
the lied overs as Suprelle Colltander for the
llied ~obullers to carry into effect the general
surrender of the Japanese arned forces
middotmiddot~middot S the Governments of the United States
Great lri tain -nd russia at the middotoscoy Conference
26th Decer1ber 1945 having considcrei the effectushy
ation by Jaan of the Teris of surrender with tte
concurrence of China have agreed thet the Supreme
ColMander shall issue all Crders for the implamenshy
tetion of the Terns ot Surrender
rC1middot11 THffSFORl I Douglas Hae rthur BS
Supreme Co~mender for the llied rowers by virtue
of the authority so conferred upon ne in order to
imlement the Term of Surrender which requires the
meting out of stern justice to war criminals do
order and provide as follows
RTICl~ 1 There shall be established en
International 1-ilitery Tribunal for the Far est
for the trial of those persons charged individually
o~ es members of oranizations or in both capacishy
ties yith Qffenses which include crimes against
peace
middotR~ICI~ 2 The Constitution jurisdiction and
functions of this Tribunal are those set forth in
the Ghnter of the International lilitiry Tribunal
for thpound ~er Vest a~~roved by mo this day
middot~~JCI~middot3 Nothing in this Order shell
prejudice theJurisdiction of any other internatione
netlonel or occuretion court conriission or other
tribunal established or to be established in Japan
bull 17
or in any territory or a United Nation with Which
Jann has been at war for the trial or war
criminols
Given under my hand et Tokyo this 19th dey
of January 1946
be bullt Iso RTHUR Gontrol of the rmy United State$ rmySupreme Commender for the llied Powers
bull
- 18 shy
ArJllEX NO bull A-5
JODGMBIU
CHARTER
OF THE HJJill~ATICNH lILITARY TRIBUNAL FCR T~o FPR EAST
SECTICI~ I
COSITlJICN CF TRIBU1~~L
ARTICIE 1 middotTribunal Established The Intershy
national Yilitary Tribunal for the Far East is hereshy
by established for the just ano prompt trial and
punishment of the major war criminals in the Far
East The permanent seat of the Tribunal is in
Tokyo
4ITIC1E 2 embers The Tribunal ehall c 0
onsistmiddot
of not less than six ne~bers ruir ncre than eleven
members appointed by the Supreme Commander for the
Allied ~ewers from the names submitted by the Signashy
tories to the Instrument of qurrender India and
Phe Commonwealth of the Philippines
AlTICLE 3 Officers and Secretariat
a President The Supreme Commander for
the lllied Powers Shall appoint a Member to be
President of the Tribunal
b Secretariat
(1) The Secretariat ot the Tribunal
shall be composed o~ a General
Secretary to be appointed by the
Supreme Commander tor tle llied
Powers end such assistant seersshy
bull 19 bull
tariee clerks interpreters erd
other personnel as may be necesshy
sary
(2) The General Secretary shall organshy
ize and direct the work of the
Secretariat
()) The Secreteriet shell receive ell
documents addressed to the
Tribunal maintain the records or
the Tribunal provide necessary
clerical services to the Tribunal
end its members and perform such
other duties as may be designated
by the Tribunal
JRTICL 4 Convening and uorum Votinl1 1 and
bsence
a Convening and luorum When as many as
six members or the Tribunal are present they may
convene the Tribunal in formel session The
presence ore majority or ell members shall be
necessary to constitute e quorum
b Voting All decisions end judgments
of this ~rlbunel including convictions an~ sentenshy
ces shall be by a maJorit7 vote or those members
or the Tribunal present rn case the votes are
evenly divided the vote or the ~resident shall be
decisive
c Abseaoe Ir a member et any time is
absent a~d afterwards ls able to be ~resent he
shall take part in ell subsequent proceeding~
unless he declares 1n open court that he is disbull
- 20 bull
quelitied by reeson of insutticient middottsriiliarity with
the proceedings which took place in his absence
SllCJICN II
Jll~ISDICTINT HD Gll1-~AL ~OVISIOTS
ltRTICIE 5 Jurisdiction Cver ersons end
Offenses The ~r1bunel shall heve the power to try
and runis~ Fer e~tern wer cri~inals who es indivshy
iduals or as members of orranizetions ere charged
with offenses which Lclude Criries against Peace
Tbeefol_lovinr acts or eny of them are crimes
coni~e within the jurisdiction of the ~ribunel for
which there shall be individual responsibility
a Criries against Peace Namely the
planning ~reparation ni_iation or waging of a
declereo or undeclared var of aggression or a war
in violation of intern~tionul lew trerties agreeshy
ments or ossurpoundnces or perticipction in o common
plr n or cc nspirr cy for the occon91iehment of lny of
the foregoing
6 Conventionel ~r ~rires Nenely
vioLtions ot the lrws or custocs of wer
c CriJ11es rrrinst -uw nity Nrmely
curdor extcrmintion enslvcment deportrtion
nd other inhum-ne ~cts committed before or during
the w~r or pereeoutions on politicrl or rtciEl
grounds in execution ot or in connection with my
crime ~ithin the urisdiction of the Tribunrl
whether er not in violbulltion of the domestic 1w of
the country -here perp1tr( ted Le~dcrs orgnizers
lnstig~tors middot nd rccomplices prrticipbull ting in the
- 21 shy
tormuletion or executiomiddotn of a common plan or conshy
spiracy to commit any otmiddotthe foregoing crimes ere
responsible tor eil acts performed by any person
in execution or such plan
RTICL~ 6 Responsibility of Accuse~ Neither
the official position at any time of en ecc~sed 1 nor the feet that an accused acted pursuant to order
of his government or ot a superior shall of itself
be sutficient to free such accused from responsibil shy
ity tor any crime with whi~b he is charged but euch
circumstances may be considered in mitigation of ___
punishment it the Tribunal determines that jus~ioe
so requires
ARTICLE 7 Rules of Procedure The Tribunal
may draft and amend rules of procedure consistent
with the fundamental provisions of this Charter
AR~TCLE 8 Counsel
e Chief of middotcounsel The Chief of Counsel
desieneted by the Supreme Commender tor the Allie4
Powers is responsible for the investigation end
prosecution of charges against war criminals within
the jurisdictionmiddot of this Tribunal and will render
sue~ legal assistance to the Supreme Commander es
is appropriate
b Associate Counsel Any United Netion
with which Japan has been et war may appoint en
~ssociate Counsel to assist the Chief of ~ouneel
SECTICN III
FAIR TRIAL FO~ ACCUSED
ARTICLE 9 Procedure for Feit Trial In order
- 22 shy
t~ nsure fair trial fo~ the accused the following
procedure stell be followed
a Indictment The indictment shell
consist of a plein concise and adequate statement
of each offense charged Each accused shall be
furnished in adequate time for defense a copy of
the indictment including ~ny amendment end of this
Charter in a larguage understood by the accused
b Language The trial and related proshy
ceedings shell be conducted in Eglish and in the
laniuage of the accused Translations of documents
and other papers shall be provided as needed and
requested
c Couns~l for Accused taph accused
shall have the right to be represented by counsel
of his own selection subject to the disapproval
of such counsel at any tifle by the Tribunal The
eccused shall file with the General Secretrry of
the ~ribunal the name of his counsel If an accused
is not represented by counsel and in open court
requests tJe Blbullpointment of counsel the Tribunal
shall designate counsel for him In the absence
of such request the Tribunampl may appoint counsel
for an accused if in its judgment such appointment
is necessery to provide fer a fair trial
d Evidence for Defense An accused
shall have the right through himself or throurmiddoth
his counsel (but not through both) to conduct his defense inclbulliding the right to examine any witness
subject to such reasonable restrictions as the
Tribunal may deterMine
- 23 shy
e Production of ~vidence for the
Defense An accused may ap~ly in writing to the
Tribunal formiddot the Tgtroduction rf witnesses or of
documents The anplication shall state where the
witness or document is thou~ht to be looated It
shall also state the facts nroposed to be proved
by the witness or the document and the relevancy
of such facts to the defense If the ~ritunal
grants the a~plication the Tribunal shall be given
such al d in obtaining nroduction of the evidencemiddot
as the circumstances reouire
ARTICLE 10 Applicetions end Hotions before
Trial All motions epplicatioqs or other requests
addressed to the Tribunal prior to the commencement
of trial shall be made in writing end filed with
the General Secretary of the Tribunal for action
by the Tribunal
S11CTICN IV
J(1RS 0F JRIBTPI ~~D COTDTTCT CF TRIAL
AR~ICLll 11 ~ The Tribunal shall have
the newer
a To summon witnesses to the trial to
require ther to attend and testify and to question
them
b To interrogate each accused and to
~ermit comment on his refusal to answer any question
o To require the production of documents
end other evidentiary material
d To require of each witness ampn oath
affirmation or such declaration ea is customary in
- 24 shy
the country of the witness end to adminiter oaths
e To appoint officers for the carrying
out of any task designated by the lribunal includshy
lng the Ower to Jave evidence taken on corunissicn
AR~ICIE 12 Conduct of Trial The mribunel
shall
a Confine the trial strictly to en
expeditious hearin of the issues raised by the
charges
b Take strict measures tQ prevent en7
action which would cause any unreasonable delay and
rule out irrelevant issues end statements of any
kind whatsoever
c ~rovide for the maintenance of order
at the trial end deal summarily with any contumacy
imposing eppropriete runishment including exclushn
of any accused or ~is cou~sel f~om some or all
further proceedings but without rrejudice to the
deterninPtion of the charges
d Dctcrminamp the mental snd physicel
ccp9city cf en7 accused to riroceed to trial
f8J1E 13 ~vidcnce
e Adgt1issibilitv The Tribunal shell not
be bound bv techniccl rules of evidence It shall
rdopt ~nd ~ply to the gre~test possible extent
expeditious end non-trchnic1 procedure middotnd shr11
dmit ~ny evidence which it deems to hve proktive
vrlue All rur1orted dmissions or stctemcnts of middot
the Cousod re cimissible
b RelGv~ nee Th Tri bun_l m7 r_oquire
to be informed of tho m turc of - ny evidence before
- 25 shy
1t is otteredmiddot-111 order to rule ut1on the relev1 rice
c Specific evidence Pdclssible In
prrticulir ~r~ without limiting in middotny wmiddotmiddoty the
scope ot tbe foreroing gonerrl rules the tolhwing
ovidonce m~y be rdmittcd
(1) A document rcgbullmiddotrdlcss of its
security cl~ssitic~tion nd
without root of its issumiddotnce or
sign~ture which l6~rs to th
Tribunrl to h~ve beonsigntd or
issued by bullny officer dop rtraent
ltgcncy or mtnbcr of thi bullrmed
forces ot rny goverruncnt
(2) A -lt~middott t cl pc(rs to the
Tribun-1 to hrvo bean signed or
issued by tho InternPtiondegl Rod
Cross or r member thcreot or
by r doctor of medicino or n7
medicrl sGrvice personnel or by
rn investlg-tor or intollige~co
officer or by ~ny other person
who middotppers to the Tribunrl to
hrvc nersonPl knowledge ot tha
llltters continod in tho r port
J) An eftidavit deposition or other
signed statement
(4) A diary letter or other document
including sworn or unsworu steteshy
ments-which appear to the Tribushy
nal to contain inforlll8tion relat shy
ing to the chmiddotarge
- 26 shy
(5) A copy of e document of lther
seclnch1ry Evidence lr its contents
if the oripin~l is not immediately
nvPileble
d JudiciPl Not~ce The Tribunal shall
neither require prof of rccts or common knewledpe
nor or the authenticity of ~rricial ~~vernment
~ocuocnts and reports or rny nation or or the proshy
cecdins records end findinrs or militnrymiddot or other
arencies or rny er the United Nations
e Records Exhibits llld Documents The
transcript or the procecdinps rnd exhibits end
documents submitted to theTribun~l will be filed
with the General Stcretary ormiddotthc Tribunal end will
constitute plrt or the Record
RTICLE 14 PlPee or Triel The first trial
will be held at Tokyo end eny subsequent tria~s
~111 be held et such rleces a$ the Tribunnl decides bull
poundIlTICLE 15 Course of Trial Proceedings The
-proceedinfs et tho Trial will take the fcllowing
C1JUISel
a The indictoent will be read in court
unless the roadinf is waived by all accused
b The Tribunalmiddot will ask each accused-
llhothtr he pleads ruilty er not ruilty
c The prosecution and each accused (by
counsel only 1 represented) ~ay ~ake a cmcise
opining stotencnt
d The prosecution ond defense may ofter
evidence nnd the admissibility or the same shall be
dpoundtermined by the Tribune~
- 27 shy
e The rrosecution end each accused bf
coun~el only if represented) JTl8Y examine each
witness and each accused who elves testimony
r ccused (by counsel only if represhy
sented) MSY address the Tribunal
g Tho prosecution may address the
Tribunal
h The Tribunal will deliver Judgment
and pronounce sentence
SECTICm V
JUOOI1INT ~TD 3a~~CE
RTICLE 16 Penolty Tho Tribunal shall have
the ower to im2ose upon an accused on conviction
death or such other ~unisrunent as shall be detershy
runod by it to be just
RTICI~ 17 Judgment end Review The Judgment
willmiddotbo onnounced in open court end will give the
reesons on which it is based The r~cord of the
triampl will be transmitt~d directly to the Supreme
Collllander for tho llied ewers for his action_
Sentence will be carried out in accordance with the
Order 9f the Supreme Commender for the llie_d Powqe
who mBy et ony time reduce or otherwise elter the
sentence except to increase ts severity bull
By comm1cnd or GenErl UooRTliUR
RICH1RD J MiREHLL llljor GEnerrl General-Steff cmiddotorpe
Chief of Steff
OFFICIL
s Bl Fitch B l FITCH
Brigrdior Cenorel 1 GD middot djutrnt General
28 bull
ANNEX NO A-6
JUDGMENT
WTIWATirNAL mIITAtv TRIBUNAL FOR THE PAR EAST
INDICT1NT
THf llTTlD STNJES CF AERICA TtE REPUBLIC OF CHINA
THE T~TIID YINGDO CF qEftT BRITAnr AND UCRTHERN
I~EI~D Tl-TE rmrorr CF SOVIET fCCIAUST R)lPT1J3LICS~
TFli COl~C1llUTF OF ~USTRAUA CArADA THE REgtUBLIC
OF fRAlTCE ii KIYGDrl 01 THE NETHERLAlDS NEW
ZlALAm nDI A AND Tl-~ COlJONWEALllI CF liE
PFILirgtn~s
bullAGAINST shy
A~AKI Sedao DCFIARA Kenji liASHDlOTC _Kingoro
FfTA Sunroku FIRANUMA K11chiro HIROTA Koki
HCSRnro Naciki ITGAKIbull Seishiro l7AYA Okinori
KIDO Koichi KDURA Eeitaro rcrsc Kuniaki
~~fTST1I _Iwene lATSTJCPA Yosuke MDTflI middot Jiro
HOTO llkire NAGAPO Osemi CKA Takasumi OKllllA
Shume1 OJlnfA Hiroshi S-TO Ienryo ffiIGlITSU
Memoru SPnrnA Shiretaro SP-IRATORI Tosh1o
~TZJ~I Teiichi TrGC Shigenori TCJO Hideki
UEZU Yoshijiro
Defendants
INDICJ1Ell
In the years hereinafter refe~red to in thie
Indictment the internal and foreign policies middotor JapaL
were dominated ane directed by a cr~inal militarshy
istic clique and such policies were the cause of
serious world troubles aggressive wars end great
- 29 shy
damage to the interests of reace-loving peoples es
well as the interests of the 1apanese peo1e themshy
selves
~he ampind of the Jananese people wes systematicshy
ally poisoned with harmful ideas of the alleged
raciel superiority of ~aran over other peopls of
Asia and even of the whole world Such parllamentarl
institutions es existed in Japan were used as impleshy
ments for widespread aggression and a system similat
to those tren established by Hitler and the Nazi
party in Germany and by the Faicst party in Italy
was introduced The economic and financial resourtef
of lapan were tc a large extent riobillzed for war
a lJiis to the detrinent of the velfare of the Japanespound
pao~le
A conspiracy between the defencants joined in
br the rulers of othr aggressive countries naLely
Tazi Germany anc Fascist Italy as entered into
The rmiddotain objects of tis consiiracy vmiddotas to secure
the dominetion and exrloltation br the aggressive
States of the rest of tte world end to this end
to collllit or encourage the co~mission of crires
against peace war crimes end criries against humanshy
ity as defined in the Charter of this Tribunal thus
threatening end in~uring the basic principles of
liberty end respect fer the hunen personality
In the _rrorotion end accor1plishment of that
achene t~ese defendants taking advantege of their
power and their official positions and their own
personal ~restige and influence intended to and
did plan prepare initiate er vege aggressive ver
- JObull
against the United States of America the Republic
of China the United Kingdoll of Great Pimiddotaain ampnd
trorthern Irelend the 1Tnion of Soviet 50cialist
Republics the Cort1rtonwea 1th of Australia Canada
the Renublc of France the Yingcom of tre Nethershy
lends Pew Zealenc India tte CoJ11onwea 1th of the
Philippines end other reaceful nations in vioetion
of international law es well as in violetion ol
sacred treat- cotJni tme_nts obligetlons and assurshy
ances such plan ccnteu~leted end carried out th~
vibhtion of recognized custoras end conventions of
war b murder in~ niaiming anlt ill-treating prisoners
of war civilian internees end persons OL the high
sees denyine theM edequate food shelter clothing
medicsmiddotl cere or other alrroprifte attention
forcing them to labour under inhwane conditions
end subjecting thera to indignities exploit to
Japans benefit the llenpower snd economic resources
of the vanquished netions plundering public end
private ))ropert1- wantonly destroying cit tms
end villPges beyond eny justification of m1~~tery
neceesity nerretrate mess murder rape pillege
brigEndage torture ampnd other barbaric cruelties
uron the helpless civiliun populetion of the overshy
run countries increampse tre influence and control
of the- mil1t1Jr nnd navel grours over Jepcnese
government offic lels Fnd egencies psyl)hologicelly
prepare Japan-se public opinion for argressive warshy
fare by establishing so-celled ~ssistcnce Societies
teaching netionelistic policies of expansion disshy
seminetinr w~r proprgende end exercising strict
- Jl shy
control over the press rnd redio set up puppet
governuents in conuered countries conclude rlilit-ry
aliicnces with Germn~middot rnd Itrl to enhnce by
military 1ight Jfnrn s progrtrime of expansion
Therefore the cbove nr-ned N2ticns ty their
undersicned representntives ~uly cppoi~ted to
renresent their respective Gover=ents in the invesshy
tigction of the chorges cgcinst end the prosecution
of the middotIe-jor We r Criminrls iiursuent to the Potsdm
Decl~rton of the 20th Jul 1945 end the Instrushy
ment of Surr-rnder of thE 2nd Septerober 1945 0nd
the Chrrter of the Tri bun 1 hereby 0 ccuse cs guilty
in the respects hsrein~fter set forth of Crimes
igcinst Oeece 1rr Grines rmiddotnd Criries gninst wn1mshy
ity ond of rommon Pl1-bullns or Conspircies to collJlit
these Crimes 211 cs defined in the Ch~rter of the
Tribuml end rccordingly n~me rs Defendnts in this
cruse end cs indicted on the Counts hersin1middotfter set
out in which their n-middotns respectively qipe( r ~11
the [bove-n_med individurls
GRCUP NI CRI89 AGAIST FE CE
The following counts charge Crimes against
Feece being Pcts for which it is charged that the
persons naned and each of trem are indivi~ually
resnonsible in accordance with Article 5 and particshy
ularly frticle 5(a) and (b) of the Charter of the
International ilitary Tribunal for the Far East
and in accordance with International Law or either
of them
- J2 bull
CotTNI 1
P11 the DefendMts together ~1th divers other
persons between the let January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
Axecution of a common rlan or conspirac~ and are
resnonsible for all acts performed by themselves
or br anr )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such ~lan or ccnsniraci was that
Japan should secure the military naval poll ti cal
and economic dorinetion of East bullsia and of the
Pacific and Inaian Oceans and of all countries and
islands therein end bordering thereon and for that
nurpose slould alone or in combination with other
ccuntries hevinf sillilar objectii or who could be
indicecl or coerced to foin therein wage declared
or undeclared wer or wars of aggression and war or
wars middotin violetion of international lew treaties
agreements and assurances ega~nst eny country or
countries which might oppose that ~urpose
The whole of the ~articulars in Appendix A
of the Treaty Jrticles in Appendix B end of the
ssurances in bullppendix C relate to this Count
CCUNT 2
~11 the Defendants toqether with divers other
persons between the 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or eccomrlices in tbe formulation er
execution of a cormiddotUlOn 1an or conspiracy and are
resgtonsi ble for ell acts perforr1ed by themEelves or
by an3middot person ln execution of such plan
- 33 shy
The object of such_pian or conspiracy wes that
laren should ascure the military navel political
end economicmiddot dominction of the rovinces of Lieoning
Kirin Heilunpkieng end lehol bein~ perts of the
Re)ublic cf Chine either directl~ or by establishshy
ing a separate state under the control of Jenen
end for that rurpoae should wage declared or undeshy
clared war or wars of aggression end war or wars
in violation of internationai law treaties agreeshy
ments and assurances against the Republic of China
The whole of the Particulors in ~ppendix 1
the following rrreaty rticles in lpendix P Nos 1
to 6 inclusive 8 to 14 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive
32 to 35 inclusive and tlie following ssurances in
~ppendix C Nos 1 to 8 inclusive relate to this
Count
cmrr-1] 3
All the Defendants together with divers other
oersons betveen tbe 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 particpeted as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a corimon ilan or consbull~racy Fnd are
resionsible for all acts perfoned bi ttemselves or
b1 inymiddot )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or conspirscy wes that
Japan should ~ecure the military navel political
and economic doffiinetion of tha Reutlic of Chins
either directly or by estblishingmiddot separate state
or stctes under the control of Japcn Pnc for thct
~urpose shoulc wage declared or unceclared wrr or
- 34 shy
wars of age-ression end wer or vars in violation
of international law treaties agreements and
assurances agein~t the Rerublic of China
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix l end the sane Treaty rticles and ssurances as in Count
2 relate to this Count
CCTJNT 4
11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons betwemiddoten tle stmiddot Zanuory 1928 and the 2nd
Senterrber 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instieotors or eccomrlices in the formulation or
execution of a comrion lan or cons1gtiracy ind ere
resnonsible for ell sets performed by themselves or
b any person in execution of such plin
The object cf such plan or ccns~iracy was that
Jenan should secure the 11ili tary nuvel political
and economic do11nation of East sia and of the
Facific ond Indian Oceans tnd of ell countries end
islands therein or borderinpound thereon end for thet
purrose should alone or in coabim tion with other
countries bovine sniler objects or who could be
induced or coerced to Join therein wage declared or
undeclered wer or we-rs of aggression and wer or
wars in violPtion of internationhl la~ treaties
egreerents )nd assuu-nces egt-instmiddot the Pnited Strtes
of neric11 tre British Conmonwealth of Nutions
(which expression ~herever used in this Indictment
inoludes the UnitedKingdom of Greot Britsin end
Northern Ire lend the Commonweel th of bullustrelil
CFOds Jew ZePlond South ifiicE India Burma thbull
- 35 shy
I~P lay States end all other narts of the Eri tish
Erpire not serarately represented in the League of
Nations) the Republic of France the lingdom of
the letherlends tre Republic of China the Republic
of Portueel the Kingdom of ~hailand the Cororronshy
wea 1th of the Philippines ana tle tTnion of Soviet
Socialist Reublics or such er them as might oppose
trat ptlIJOOSB
Tle whole of the Particulars in Aopendix A
end of the ~reaty Articles in A9pendix P and of the
Assurances in Appendix C relete to this Count
CCUtT 5
~11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons beteen tJie 1st lanuer 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 rarticipated es leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a conunon plan or conspiracy and are
responsible for all acts performed by themselves or
by an person in execution of such plan
The ob1ect of such plan or conspirec was that
Germany Italy end apan should secure the military
navalmiddot politicalend economic doriination of the
whole world each having special domination in its
own sphere the sphere of Japan covering East tisie
the Pacific and Indien Oceans and all countries end
islands therein or bordering thereon end for that
nurnose should mutually assist one another to wage
declared or undeclared war or wars of aggression
and war or wars in violation of international law
treaties a~reelents end assurances against any
countries which might o~~ose thet ~~rpose and parshy
ticularly against the United States of America the
British Comraonwealth of Nations the Renublic of
France the 1ingdcm of the Netherlands the Republic
of Uhina the Republic cf Portugal the Kingdom of
Thailand the Commonwealth of the Philippines end
the Union of Soviet Socialist Renublics
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix A and
of the Treaty ~rticles in lppendix 1 and of the
Assurances in ppendiz C relate to this Count
CCUNT 6
hll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928middot
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression end a war in violrtion of intershy
national law treaties agreSlents andassurances
against the Renublic of China
The followingSections of the Particulars in
lppendiz rros l to 6 inclusive end the same
Treaty rticles and Assurances as in Count 2 relate
to this Count
COTThT 7
lll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression and a war in violation of intershy
national law treaties agreements end assurences
against the United States of rmerica
The followine middotsections of the Particulars in
1ppendiz middot Nos 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10_ tle folJowshy
ing Treaty ~rticles in Appendix B Nos l to 10
bull 3T bull
inclusive 17 to 19 inclusive 22 to )5 inclusive
end 37 and the whole of the f surences in ppendix
C relate to this Count
CCUNT 8
Ill the Defendants between the 1st Jenury
1928 end the 2nd September 1945 planned and preshy
pared a wer of aggression end e war in viohtion of
international law treaties agreements end assurshy
ances epeinst the lTnited lingdom of ltlreet Britein
end Northern I~elend enc ell rerts of the British
CommonwePlth of Nations not the subject of separate
counts in this Indictment
The following Sections of the ~erticulors in
lpehdix middotbull N~ J 4 5 6 7 9 End 10 nd tbe
fcllowine Trepoundty 1rticles in ppendix B Nos 1 2
5 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive 32 to
)5 inclusive 37 and J8 and the whole of the
bullseuronces in 0pendix C relate to this Count
C(ITJT 9
All the Defendentsmiddotbetween the 1st January
1928 fnd the 2nd September 1945 plEnned end preshy
prred e war of eggression Ende war in violcticn of
internntion~l low treaties egreements anQ assurshy
ences geinst the Cor1nonveilth of ustralie
The sene Sectiofts of the Portioul~rs in
ppendix rnd the some Trety middotrticles poundgtnd ssurshy
~noes rs in Count 8 relrte to this Count
- JS shy
COTHT 10 bull
middot11 tl-J e Defencrrts between the 1st Jonu~ry 192
end tbe 2nd Seutember 1945 plnned cnd prepmiddotred e
wFr of nRression ~nd WPr in vlolbulltion of intershy
nctionamiddot1 l~w tre 0 tics rgreeuents rnd essurampnC6S
cpPinst Rew 7eelrnd
The s~le Cections of the ~rticulirs in ~ppudi
Z end the SEmiddotme Trety rticles end )ssurrnces fS i1
Count 8 relcte to this Count
CCTT 11
111 the Delend~nts beteen the 1st J1middotnurgtry 1921
rnd the 2nd Se~tcober 1945 plnned and prepcred
war of oegression ~nd c wrr in viot~iion of intershy
ntioIel lr-w treeties rgreenents rnd essuronce
rgoinst c~nd3
The srme Sections of the ~rrticulfrs nprendi
middot end the s~ne Trerty rticles nd ssur-nces- rs in
Count 8 relFte to this Count
CCITI 12
f11 tto Dcofendnts between tbe 1st i nury 92
ena tr e 2nc Sef)tenter 1945 ~lenned ~nd nrapired 8
wor of -egresson ind c Wr n viohtion of intershy
nrt~omiddotmiddot--1 lrmiddotw trampcties Fgreenents ~nd cssur~middotnces
against India
The ssroe Sections of the rarticu~ in ~ppendiJ
and the sar-e Treaty rticles end ssurarces as 1
Connt 8 relate to this Count
~ 39 shy
C()TJT 13
~11 the Defendants between the 1st JenuPry 192
and the 2nd September 1945 planned end nrepered a
war of aggression and a wer n violction of intershy
national law treaties agreenents end assurances
against the Corironwealth of tle rilirmiddotnines
The sane Sections of the ~artcul9rs in ppendil
and the ss~e Treaty ~rticles end tssurances as in
Count 7 relate to this Count
CCTTT 14
11 the Defendants between the 1st 1enuary 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 ~lenned aad prersred a
wer of aegression znd a wer in viclEtion of intershy
national law treet-ies egreeraents end assurauces
arainst the Kingdol of the ~TeterlEltnds
The following Sections cf the Particulars in
ppendix ~ 11os J 4 6 7 9 and 10 the follcwshy5 ing Treaty rticles in ppendix R Nos 1 to 5
inclusive 10 to 18 inclusive 20 22 to JO inclusivf
32 to 35 inclusive 37 a~d 38 end tte f ollovin~
sur~nces in ~-pendix C tlos 10 to 15 inclusive
relate to this Cou~t
CrTl 15
11 the Defendnts between t~e 1st January
1928 end tr e 2nc1 Se[lterber 1945 planned end
~repered a var of fression enc a wer in violeti_on
of internetional la~ treities aerreerents end
assurences agaicst the Rerublic of ~ranee
~te following Sections of the Particulors in
- 40 shy
ppeniix middot osbull 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 tre
folloving Treaty ~rticles in ipendix B Nos 1 to
5 inclusive 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to 30 inclusive
and 32 to 38 inplusive and the follobulling Assurmceio
in ppendix C os 14 and 15 relate to this Count
COTl 16
11 the Lefendants betveen tle 1st anuary
1928 and the 2nd Sentember 1945 1anned and preshy
rsrecl a war of afgression encl a buller in violation of
international lew treaties agreements and assurshy
ances apeinst tte Lingdcm of Theilend
The following Sections of the ~erticulers in
ppendix bull Nos 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 and
the followin Treaty middotrticles in middotpenCix B lJos
3 4 5 JO end 32 to 38 inclusi~~ ~elate to this
Ccunt
crHT 17
111 the Defendants between the 1st January
1928 and the 2nd September 1945 planned end rreshy
rered a wer of afgressl en and a r in viohtion of
international lav treaties i_reerents ond assurshy
ances qeinst t~ e ncn of Soviet ~ocialist
Renublics
Tre followinr Sections of the amprticulars n
bullnendix bull Nos 1 to 8 inclusive ancl the folluing
Jreety middotrtic] es Lmiddot lenclix B os 1 to 5 inclusive
10 to 18 inclusive 32 tc 35 inclisive 39 to 47
inclusive Pnd middotmiddotssurence Ho 13 in npendix C
relEte to this Count
- 41shy
CCF 18
middothe Defendents 1KI DCFIR RfSHIMOTO
I1 bullm1- bull IT bullotTI Kcrsc rJI I cKrt 11IGELITSU
TC10 and middot~rzu on qr ebout the lftth Septerber 1931
1nit1eted a wer of aggression and a warin violation
of internetionel law traaties egreeLen ts und
assurances egainst the Republic cf China
Rection 1 of the Terticulr in ppendix
ond the followinf Treety rticles in trpendix f3 ~cs 1 to 5 inclusive 11 to 14 inclusive 22 23
25 30 40 to 43 inclusive rehte to this Count
CC1t 19
The Dereridfnts CllI I lCFIRR p middotSPIClO
fTbull RIl~ll PI1CTmiddot EOSfHO IT~KI I1Y IGDO
HTqlJ TTT( SUZUKI TOJC ind UMEZU on or about
the 7th July 1937 initiated a ~er of aggression
rnd e wrr in viohtion of internc-tionel lrw tre~ties
Egreea~nts nd 2ssur2nces egtinst the Republic of
Chine
Section 2 of t~e ~rticulpoundrs in ~rpendix ~ the
same rety middotrticleuros rs in Colrnt 18 nd the folloving
tssur~nceuros in middotnnenrx C os 3 4 ~nd 5 rel-te
to this Count
err_ 20
he Defandmiddot rts DCPJ l PilTJl FrCTmiddot
FCll-fIPO ybullmiddotr I~IDlt ITIJRI lUTC ~GYO OK~
r~~ Smr siT111nr S~ZUI TC0C ~nd TC70 en or
bullbcut the 7th Dscecter 19Ll 1~itiatee ~frac12~r of
rg~r0se ion ~ rc ~- wltr in viol tlcl cf internt i_onc 1
- 42 shy
bull lew treeties middotrreenents end cssurnces grinst
the United Stltes of merice
Section 9 of the Terticulers in Pendix
the follow in~ Treatmiddot r~icles in npencix S ifos
1 to 9 inclusive~ 19 22 tQ JO inclusive )3 34 end
37 and the whole of the t~surances in 1ppendix C
relate to this Count
ccrn 21
The same Defend9nt~ es in Count 20 on or about
the 7th December 1941 initiated e var of aggression
an~ a wer in viol2tlcn of international law treatie~
agreellents en( assurances aga~nst the ~orllonvealth
cf tte Trili-pines
The sane Jart i_cbullilere Treat~middot frticles and
~ssurances 1s in Count 20 relate to this Count
CCIJT 22
The ssLe Defencl11ts as i- Coant 20 cn_ or about
tbe 7th Decelber J941 iitiated a var of aeressicn
ana a war in viol2tion of internat~unal las treatie~
agree1nents and assurances afainst tbe ritish
rcnnonwealth of Natcns
Section 9 cf tte Perticalr s in ppendix
thegt follovinf Treaty rticles in pnenciix B Nos
J to 5 inclusive 19 22 to JO ~nclusive 33 and 37
and the hole of the ~ssurences in rppendix C
relate to tr is Cobulltnt
Tte lefendsnts tlrI )CEIPmiddotq 1IPrmmiddotmiddot
- 4) shy
HIROTA HOSHINO ITICKI KIDO W TSUQKJ liUTI
NCJNO SHIClITSU end TOJO on 0r ebout the 22nd
Se~tember 19~0 initieted ewer of errression end
e ~Br in violetion of international lEw treetiFs
egreements end essurences efeinst the Re~ublio of
Frence bull
The seme Perticulers Treety Jrticles end
Ps~urences sin Count 15 relrte to this Count
CcUfilZh
The srne tefendants es In Count 2J on or Eboui
the 7th Decembfr 1941 initietec ewer of errression
and a ~Pr in violetion of internetione le~ treeties
egreements enc assurances e~einst the Kinrdom of
Theiland
Section 7 of the Particulars in A~pencix A end
the following Treety Jrticles in Appendix B Nos l
to 5 inclusive 33 34 36 37middotend 38 relete te
this Count
QOUNT 25
The Defendents ATJgtKI DOHIHJRA HJTA HihANUMA
HIROTA HOSHirO ITJCJII KIDO MATSUOKJ Mi TfUI
SHIGUITSU and SUZUKI curing July end August
1938 inititec ewer of Pffression end ewer in
violetion of internetional lautrerties egreements
enc es~urences by ettecking the Union of Soviet
Socielist Re~ublics in the eree of Lake Khasan
The serne Perticulers Trerty Articles end
Assurences es in Count 17 1 relate to this Count
- 44 shy
CCTTTlT 26
The Defendents middot-~YI )CHlli1U HT BIRcll
ITGU(I lIDC HIS lTiTTI lTSUCK 1 ~UT0 SUZUmiddotI
0GC TCJO end nnztr durin the summer cf 1939
initiated a war of sgrression and a vsr in violoticn
of international lev treeties agreements and
assurances by attacking the territory of the
J~npolian Peonlebulls Republic in the area of the
Kha1khin-Gol River
The same eirticulars Treaty rticles and
ssurcnces as in Ccunt 17 relate to this Count
C(TJT 27
11 the Defend5nts bet~een the lEth Septenber
1931 end the 2nd September 1945 waged a wer of
aggression 8nf a bullrr in viol~tion of intern~tionel
lew trecties fgreenents and assurances flfeinst the
Republic of Chine
The seme Perticulars Trety rticles snd
~ssurrnces ~sin Count 2 rel~te to this Count
C(T~T 28
11 tte Pefend~nts between the 7th July 1937
end the 2nd Setenber 1945 wared s wer of aggresshy
bullsion nc1 r ymiddotr in viol~tion of internctioncl ltw
trertilss egreerJGn ts end ssurnces rgiinst the
Re~ublic of Chine
The SfMe Perticulcrs Tre~ty rticles 8nd
ssurrnces -s in Cmiddotunt 2 relute ~o this Count
- 45 shy
CCUlT 29
ll the Defendents between the 7th DecElllber
1941 ~nd the 2nd September 1945 wnged 6 wrr of
rggression end c Mr in violation of intermtionel
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
United~tates of tmerica
The following Sections of the ~articulers in
pp end ix i1 os 4 middot to 10 inclusive and the sane
Treaty ~rticles and ~ssurences as in Count 20 relate
to this Count
COlP1 JO
Lll the Defendsnts between the 7th Decenber
1941 and the 2nd Spte~ber 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violetion of international
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
Corlllonweslth cf the ~hili~pines
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles and
1ssurances as in Count 29 relete to this Count
crrJl 31 middot
Ul the Defendrnts betveen the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd Se1Jtember 1945 waged a Viar of
apgression and a wer in violatiog of internationalbull
law treaties agreerents end assurances against
the Pritish Corinonviealth of Nations
~he followin~ Sections of the ~articulars in
Appendix J Nos 4 to 10 inclusive and the same
Treaty bullrticles end ssurances as in Count 22 relate
tc this Count
- 46 shy
CCTTJ 32
All tte Defendants between the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd September 1945 waged a 11r of
aggression and a war in violation of international
law trestles egreeuents end assurances agenst
tte Kingdom of tce lf1therlands
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles sne
rlssurances as in Count 14 relate to thisCount
CC 33
The nefendsnts tRTi 001smiddotnmiddot IRNUt
FIlCT~ FNFnH lTlYI YID0 ~TSTTCK IUTO
1GW0 SIG~I5 end TCJC en end after the 22nd
Septelber 1940 vaged a war of algressipn end a
war in vbullolltion of ~nternetional law treaties
arreenents end assurances against the Republic of
France
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles end
cssurances as in Count 15 relate to this Count
middot CCUNT 34
_11 tre Defendants between the 7tl Decemberbull
1941 and tbe 2nd September 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violttion of international
law treFties agreenents and assurances against
the lingdon of Treilend
middot Tte sene erticulers and Treaty rticles as
in Count 24 rBlete to t~is Ccunt
CCIDT 35 bull The smiddotme Defendants ss in Count 25 during th
- 47 shy
SWmer of 1938 waged a war of aggression and a war
in violation of international lew treoties agreeshy
nents an~ assurances against the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics
The same Particulars Treaty rticles end
lssurences es in Count 17 relte to this Count
CCUc 36
The seme Defendunts ss in Count 26 during the
surller of 1939 eged a Yer of aggression in violashy
middottion of intermticnfl lew treaties egreements poundmiddotnd
essurlnces egeinst the rmiddotonrolifn Peoples Republic
and the Union of Soviet Socielist Renublics
The SFMe Flrticulers Treaty lrticles end
ssurr-nces ts in Count 17 rele te to this Count
ltmCUlt TWO U1DEl
The following Counts chrrfe the crimes of
raurder enltl conspirecy to murder being ects for
wlich it is chi-reed thtt the persons nmed rnd ecch
of thim rre individully responsible being poundt the
seoe tine Crirnes cgcinst eoce Conventionil Wer
Orines ~nd Crimes poundguinst Humeni ty contnmiddotrJ to ell
the 1J-ragrrhs of rticle 5 of the s~id ChArter to
Internrtionmiddotl Lrw ~nc tc the middotaoL1estic lews of ell
the countries where cor-oi tted including Jrbullpr-n or
to one or ~ore of them
CCl 37
The Defendints DCPIF cl FTR 1JTnt FIRCT
- 48 shy
HCSFINC KAA I(ID0 lIlURA ~me tAGATC CYA
0SrA S~( iltJlADA SJZTTlG 00( end JCJC togethe
~ith divers other per~ons between the 1st iune
1940 and the 8t~ Decet1ber 1941 rarticipated es
leaders organizers insti~ators or accoLplices in
the formulation or execution of a corilon rlan or
consnirecy end are responsible for all acts pershy
formed b themselves or by any person in execution
of such plan
The object of amp4ch ~lan or conspiracy was unlewshy
full~middot to kill and murder the persons described
below by initiating unlegful hostilities against
the United States of bmerica the rorutonwealth of
the rhlippines the British Colraonwealth of Iletions
the Kingdom of the lfotherllnds nd the Kingdoa of
The llend sne unlewf111ly orcering causing end ershy
ciitqng the ermed forces o JaJen to attack the
territory ~ti-s ~nd eir1lenes of tbe said netions
er sore of tJierl et tiL1es when Japan vioulu be et yeece
vith the said cstons~
che r-erscns intenled to be lilled end rurdered
were eJl such rersons both members of the armed
forces of the seid nationsand civilians es might
te~nen to be in the places et the tues of such
attacks
The said hostilities end attacks were unlawful
bscause they ~ere breeches of Treaty Article 5 in
Anpendix B enf the accused enc the said armed forces
of Japan could not therefore acquire the rights of
lawful belligerents
The accused ~nc each of the~ intended that such
- 49 shy
hostilities stoulc be initiated in breach of such
Treaty ~rticle or were reckless vhether sucb Treaty
Article would be violoted or not
COTT JS
he Defendante DltHIFARA FIP~~1um nroT ~
V(l~I0 ~6t iITJC IlT~~ ATSUCKA fJTO r~GUO
CK~ (ltHD~ STC SHD~~DA suzrnI TOQO ond TOJO
to~ether with divers other ~ersons between t~s 1st
J1me 1940 and the 8th De~erruer 1941 partici)Jtted
as le6ders organizersmiddotinstgators or accomylices
in tle forllulrtion or executicn of o COLlJon rlan or
cons~irac~ end are resnonsibla for all acts pershy
formed by ttemselvss or by sny person in execution
cf such 1an
The object of suchJJlon or consnirecy wes unshy
lawfully to kill and murder the persons described
belov bibull initiating unlawful rostilities tgainst
the Uni tecI States of tmerico the Comronweal th middotof
the Thilip~ines theuro ~ritieh Cormonwealthof Notions
the Kingdon of the etherlcnde and tre l(ingdcm of
Thai lent end unlewftlly order inf causng and pershy
nittinc the armed forces cf Jicen tmiddoto attack the
torritor~ ships oud airlanes of the soid notions
or sone of treuroll
The middotersons intended to be killed enc murdered
were all such ~ersons both oembers of the aroed
forces of the said natons end civiliens as mifht
happen to be in the olaces at the tiues of such
attacks
The said hostilities ond attacks ware unlawful
- 50 shy
because they were breaches of Treaty Articles 6
7 19 33 34 end 36 in Appendix Bena the accused
end the said armed forces of span could not thereshy
fore acquire the rir-hts of lawful b~lligerents
The accused end each of then intended that such
hostilities should be initiated in breech of such
Treaty ~rticles or were reckless whether such Treaty
Articles or any of then would be violated or not
C0T11 9
The same Defendants es in Count 38 middotunder the
circumstances ellered in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing ceusinr end ermitting the armed forces of
Japan to attack tle territory ships and airplanes
of the United States of America with which bullnation
Jinien was then et peace at middotPearl Harbour Territory
of Hawaii on the 7th December )941 at about 0755
hours (Pearl Harbour time) unlawfully killed and
murdered Adniral Kidd and ebout 4000 other oembers
of the naval end nilitary forces of the United State
of America lnd certaii civilians vJiose nanes and
nurnber ere et present unknown
CfTmiddotT 40
Tee sane Defendants as in Count )8 under the
circur1stances elle~ed in Counts 37 and )8 by ordershy
ing causin~ end rerrnittinR the armed forces of
Japan to attack the territory end airplanes of the
British Conmomealth of Nations 1th which nations
Japan was then et reece et Iota Eahru Kelenten
on the 8th December 1941 et about 0025 hours
- 51 bull
(Singapore ti11e) unlawfully killed and murdered
certain menQers of the aroed forces of the Pritish
Commonwealth of Nations whose names end number are
at present unknown
comrr 41
The same Defendants as in Count 38 under the
circ110stances alleged in Counts )7 end J8 by ordershy
ing causing end rerr1ittini the a rfled orces middot of
la pen tc etteck the terri tor sb 1ps end airplanes
of the ritish Comnonwealth cf Nations with v1lich
nations Janen was then at peace at Rone Kong on
tte 8th Decenber 1941 at ebout 0800 tours (Hong
Kong time) unlawfully killed and murdered certain
members of the armed forces of the British Coraonshy
wealth of nations whose names end number are at
present unknown
CCTTNT 42 The same Defendants es in Count 38 under the
circumstances alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing CIJUSing end pernitting the arHed forces Of
Jepan to et tech H IS ETRiL a ship of the British
ComtonY-eelth of lpoundtio_ns with which nations Japan
wes then rt eece et Shibullnghei on the 8th December
1941 et cbcut OJOO hours (Shcnghei tine) unlawshy
fully killed r nt rurdered three members of the navel
forces of the ~ritish CoILlonweelth of Nations whose
names ere et present un1ltnovin
52 shy
crT1T 43 the som~ Dcfcndcnts os in Count 38 under the
ciroumstFnces alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing causing end rermittin~ the armed forces of
Jeren to ettecl the territory of the Corimonvmiddotealth of
the ~hilipnines vith which nation Japan was then at
peace et Deveomiddot on the 8th December 1941 et about
1000 hours (anila time) unlawfully killed and
murdered certain mElllbers of the armed forces of the
United States of America end of the armed forces end
civilians middotor the comiddotlLlomealth cf the Ihilippines
whose nomes end number ere at TJresent unltnown
CCUNT 44bull All the De1endents together with divers other
persons between the 18th S~pternber 1931 and the 2nd
Septenber 1945 ~erticipeted as leo~ers organizers
instigetors or eccollTJlices in the 1orruletion or
execution of a coJnon plan or consiiracbullmiddot end ere
resryonsible for ell Acts performedmiddot by theuselves or
by any person in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or consiracy was to
)rocure end permit tte- riurder on a wholesale scale
of prisoners of wer MEfubers of tht ermed forces of
countries opposed to Je~ Egtn vho id-ht le~ down their
erlls enc civilians who niht be in the rower of
Jepcn on land or sea in territories occuried by
Jaron end crews 01 shi s destromiddoted bmiddot Japinese
forces in ruthless ~ursuit of victory in the unlawshy
1ul wrrs in which Japan was or would during the
said period be ~1J8oged
- shy
CCGNT 45
The Defendcnts ARAKI L~S-Il-CTC FATA EIRJJlUlA
prqc-r abull IT ~GtYI Y- f A JIDo HATSUI mrrc SUZTTKI
rnd UHEZP on the 12th December 1937 rnd succeedinf
dcys by unl 0 wfully oreering ciusing nd peroitting
the rrmed forces of Jqfn to ctt~cl ~he City f
NPning in breach of th3 Trerty Articles ~ientiond
in Count 2 hereof tnd to slr-ughter the ihhabitents
contrcry to internrtioncl lcw unhbullwfully killed
rnd Murcered Many thousands of civili~ns end disermed
soldiers of the Re~ublic of Chine whose nemes nd
number 01re rt preEent unrnovm
CCTfT 46
The sme Defenccmiddotnts i s in Count 45 on the 21st
Cctobor 1938 end succecding dt1y s by unlswfully
ordering CUsing rnd rern11tting the rrr1ed forces
of Jrrcln to ittck the City of Canton in breech of
the TreAty ~rticles montioncd in Count 2 hereof ~nd
tc sbuehter the inheibi tilnt s contrrry tci interndegtiollf
lcw unlawfully killed r nd nurdered l~rge numbers
of ~ivilisns end disvrmed soldiers of the Republic
of Clini vhose nrmes r rc number cre st present
unknown
C(TJ 47
The scme Defendcnts rs in Count 45 prior to tte
27th October 1938 end on succeeding dsys by
unlawfully ordering cuusing ~nd pern~tting the
nmed forces of Jrpon to cttcct the City of Hcnkow
in breech of the Trenty ~rticles mentioned in Count 2
- 54 shy
bereof and to slaughter the inhabitants contrary to
internatioal law unlavfully killed and Murdered
lerge nllllbers of civilians end disar1ec solciers
of the Oepublic of China wtosa narces and nU1ber ere
et Tresent un1middotn9wn
C01-l 48
The Defendants EATA rrnc 1crso StTC SlIGEshy
EITSTT Ter end mrzu prior to the 18th June 1944
end on succeeding days by unlawfully orderi11euro
causine and arnitting the erled forces of Japan to
attack the City of Changsha in breach of the Treaty
Articles nentioned in Count 2 hereof and to slaughter
tle inhlbaents contrary to internaticnal law unlawshy
fully killed and murdered nany thousands of civ~lians
end di sarnec solders of tte Republic of China
whose nales and ru11tbcr ere tt resent unknown
COHFT 49
Tte S~ne Defencants as in Count 48 prior to
tte ett luiust 1914 ampnd on succecdin[ days by
unlamiddotfull order ins csusin[l end pe t tin the
eried forces of caigtan to attack the City of lengyen
in tre rrovince of H11nen in breach of the Treaty
trticles mentioned in Count 2 hereof end to slaufhter
the inhebi tents contrary to intermitioal lampv unlawshy
fully killed and nurdered large nuribHs of civilians
enc disarmed soldiers of the Republic of China whose
neMcs and nunber erE it present unknown
- 55 shy
CCTTIT 50
The seme Defendants as in Count 48 prior to
the 10th Noveirber 1944 and on succeeding days by
unlawfully orderine causing and pernitting the
arr1ed fo~ces of Japan at attack the Cities of Kweilishy
and Liuchow in the Province of Kwangsi in breach of
the Tre~ty Articles mentoned in Count 2 hereof and
to sleUfhter tte inhabitants contrary to internatiom
-law unlawfully killed end murdered large nuabers
of civilians and disarmed soldiers of the Republic
of China whose names and number are at present
unknownbull
cnTNT 51
The Defendants ARAYI DCEIHARA HATA IlAtUMA
I~G~YI IGDO 1ciso lmiddotATffiTI 14Tsrroy 1middott~C
SUZUKI TCGC TOJO and IDEZU by ordering causing
and permitting ~he armed forces of Japan to attack
the territories of Hongolia and the Fnion of Soviet
Socialist Republics with whicl nations Japan wamps
then at peace inmiddot the reeion of the Khalkbin-Gol
River in the summer of 1939 unlawfully killed and
murdered certain merobers of the armed forces of
onolia me the rrnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
wlose nElti1euroS and nunber are et present unknown
ccmiddotJNT 52
The Defendants ARAII DrHIHARA HT11 FIRANUJIA
FIRCt FCSFTHO ITAGAI-I KIDO l1ATStTCKJI l~TSUI
SEIGlI15CT lttZTJKI and TOJO lJy ordering causing
end permitting the armed forces of Japan to attack
- 56 shy
the territory of the Union of Soviet Socialist
Re1middotublics with Vhich nation Jarien was th~n at peace
( in the region of lake Lhasan in the months of July
and August 1938) unlawfully killed and murdered cershy
tain me1bers of the ermed forces of the rrnion of
Soviet Socialist Rebullmiddotublics whose names tnd number
are at present unknown
GRCPP TIIRpound ccvmiddotrrrbullmiddotn tR CRIS M-Ti CRIES N~middotST Fll1t7IT
The following Counts charge _conventional ier
ir~lles enlt Crir-es egelnst EunaniJy beins acts tor
wrich it is charged that the persons na~ed and each
of them are individually resnonsi ble in accordance
with trticle 5 and particuierly ~rticle 5 (b) end (c
of the Charter of the Interneticnal iilitery Tribune
for the Far East and in accordance with Intershy
national Law or either of them
CCU-T 53
The Defendants DCRIFRA ~Tt -(SJjUC
ITGA1I IAl lILC rc1~~ Iorso urc NtG~NO
CY~ CSHrmiddot~ S~TO SI-IGTSl) mutD STTZULI TOGC
TOJO and UlEZU together with divers other persons
between the 7th Decellber 1941 end the 2nd Se]ltember
1945 ~articipnted as leaders organizers instigashy
tors or accololices in thE formulation or executlon
of a corllon plan or conslirecr and ere res)onsi ble
for all acts perforMed by therselves or br any
rierson in execution of such plan
The object of such olari or consiracy yen1es to
order authorize and r ermit the Co 4ctanders-in-Chief
- -57 shy
ot the levaral Japanese naval and nilitary forces
in each of the several theatres of war in which Japan
was then engaged and the officials of the Japanese
Har inistr~middot and the parsons in ctarge cf each cf
the canps and labour units for prisoners of war and
civilian internees in territories of or occupied by
Ja)an and the military and civil police of iapan
and their respective subordinates frequently and
habitually to co=it the breaches of the Lawsmiddotend
Custcms of 11~ar as contained in and proved by the
Conventions assurances and ~rectices referred to in
l~rendix D against the ermed forces of the countries
hereinefter named end againet many thousands of
ori sonars of war end ci vi liens then in the rower of
Jenan belonpin~ to the Tni ted States of America the
British Colonwealth of rations the Republie of
France the Kingdom of the Netherlands the Cormonshy
wealth of the Flilipines the Republic of China
the Republic of Fortugal Bnd the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics end that the roverru1ent of Japa1
should abstain from takin adequate steps in accordshy
ance vd th the said Conventions and assurances end
Laws and custot1s of ~er in order to secure observenc
end prevent breaches thereof
In the case of tre Republic of China the said
plan or consryirecy began on the 18th September 1931
end the following Defendants participated therein in
addition to those above-named ARAI HASFHOTO
RAlll~ ~(~ lATSTJ middot~Tsnrn1 ~TlrlI
bull 58 shy
C0PNl 54
The Defendants DOFiJEAR~ H~TAHOffiINO ITAGAKI
KAYA Kif-0 YIMURA KOISC MUTO NAGANO OKA OSHIMA
SATC SFIGlITSU 1RIMADA flJZUYI TOGO TOJO and
UEZ1J between the 7th Deceober 1941 and the 2nd
Septeuber 1945 ordered authorized and permitted
the same ~ersons as oentioned in Count 53 to co=it
the offences therein mentioned end thereby violated
the laws cf War
In the case of the Republic of China the said
orders euthorities end permissions were given in a
period beginning on the 18th September 1931 and
the following Defendants were responsible fer the
same in addition to those named above A~AII
FASED0TO PIRUJTJrA FIROTA HATSI AT-UOKA
CCFNT 55
bull The Defendants DCFIB~RA HAT HOSE-INO ITAGfiKI
KrA iID0 YIHlTRP KCIS0 EUTC NAGfNC OKA Ofxllll
S~TC PIGIlITCTT Sl-DiD~ ampJZUKI TCGO TOJO and
tn~zu between the 7th December 1941 end the 2nd
September 1945 being by virtue of their respective
offices responsible for securing the observance of
the said Conventions end assurances and the Laws and
Customs of ar in respect af the armed forces in
the countries hereinafter named and in respect of
many thousands of prisoners of war end civilians then
in the power of Japan belonging to the United States
of rmerice the British Comrn0nwealth of ~fations
tte Republic of France the Kingdom of tle Nethershy
- ~9 shy
lends the Cormonwealth or the hilippines the
Republic or China the Republic of Portugel end the
Union or Soviet socialist Republics deliberotely
rnd recklessly disregorded their legal duty to1toke
rdequete stops to secure the observonce end prevent
brerohes thereof rnd thereby violcted the lows of
wrr
In the case or the Republic of China tha said
offence begFn on the 18th September 1931 and the
following Defendi-nts were responsible for the same
in addition to those nemed above JRtKI FtSHICTO
FRJPlr HROT- ~~-ToTI HTltTOK~ INJI middot
11herefore this Indictment is lodged with tte
middot Tribun~l poundnd tJie chcrges herein mrde agllinst the
ebove-nomsd Defendants ere hareby presented to the
Tribunal
Joseph B Keenan bull Chief of Counsel acting on behalf of-the
United Strtes of merico
Hsiang Che-Chun
~s sooiete Counsel acting on bah lf or the Republic of China
I s Comyns Cirr
ssocilte Coulsel eoting on behclf of the United fingdom of Greet Brtt11in Pnd Northe
Irelond
S bull Golunsky
ssoc1rte Coubullsel ncmiddott1ng on beholf of the Union of Soviet SoerCl1st Re1)ubl1cs
6Q shy
A J 1nsfeldshy
middotmiddotfsocirte Counel rctine on beh0lf of the Comrionwc~lth or ustrelie
II G folen
r ssociete Counsel t cting on behelf of C(mida
Robert bullneto
ssociate Counsel acting on behelf of the Reublic of ~ranee
W G F BoegerhOff ~ulder
ssocirte Counsel rcting on beholf of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
R H quillhm
Jssocitte Counsel Pcting on behrlf of New Zerlrnd
pbullpGovinds lenon ~ s Comyns Carr
ssociete Counsel ccting on behlf of Indi e
edro Lopez
tssociate Counsel actinF on behelf of the Col1Dlonwerlth of the Philippines
- 61 shy
APPENDIX J
SUirlllarized Particulars sho~in the principal Matters
and Events upon which the Prosecution will rely in
support of the several Counts of the Indictment in
Groun Cne
SECTION 1 1
ILIT1 AGGRESSIN HT lANCHURIA
From January lst 1928 onwards there was a plot
in the Japanese Arm~middot and particularly in the lwantun
Army s~nrorted by certain civilians tomiddotcreete an
incident in 1anchuria which should form a pretext
forIepen to conquer occupy and exploit that Country
as the first ste~ in a scheme of eominetion which
later extended to other parts of Chine to the terr1-
tory of the Union of Soviet Socialast Republics
end ultnately to a wider field aiming to make Japer
a dondnent power in the World
The major events in the execution of it were
About 18th September 1931 Following a long
period of infiltration end consequent friction
Je]lenese troons blew ur a portion of the South
anchurien leilwey falsely accused Chinese troops
cf doing so attacked thet end thereafter pro~resshy
sively end repidlr carried out a Ililitery occupation
of the Chinese provinces of Liaoning Kirin Heilungshy
kieng end Jehol (the north-eastern provinces)
About )rd January 1932 Japanese forces occushy
pied Chnctow in sri te of e ssurance given by their
~oreigh Office to the United States on 24th November
1931 that they would notdo so
- 62 shy
Beginning about 18th Jeruary 19Ji Japanese
nevsl and later military forces attacksd the
Chinese in Shanghai
About 28th to 29tb January 19)2 Jaosnese
bonbed Cbsps1 middotat 1215 am
~b0ut 1st Febtusry 1932 Jeysnese viarships
shelled l1smlng middot
Jurin 1932 Jspen set up a separate puppet
novernrient in the said ~rcvinces enc on 15th Ssptsmshy
b~r 1932 officially recognized it
The 1BSn~ss Government which cals into power
on 13th December 1931 and ell subsequent Japanese
Governments adopted supported and continued thismiddot
sggre_ssion end its grsdusl extension over ether pamprtE
of Chins
Jsren delivered no declsrstion of 1ar against
Chine nade no effort to settle the alleged dispute
by pacific means or by mediation or arbitration
rejected on 5th February 1932 an offer of mediatio
by the United States Greet Britain enc ~ranee
refused to Gdopt the repcrt ampnd recommendations cf
the Lytton Commission apTJointed by the League of
Nations of which Jspen end Ctins were members ormiddot
the resolutions of the League and on 27th ]~rch
1933 reslgned froll the League
Cn 18tr ADril 1934 Jersn announced her absoshy bull lute opposition to sny foreign interference in Chins
other than her cwn
On 1st lerch 1934 Jspsn caused Henry Ju Yi to
be in~tslled es the norinal ruler of the so-celled
Stats of JisncbuJuo Nevertheless large Japanese
- 63 shy
crmies continued down to the 2nd September 1945 to
be mdntcined in these t0rritories using th1am s t
bmiddotse for further rggression ~nd to control together
with J_-p~ nse civi lifn offici ~ls the whole Governshy
ment industry nd finrnce thereof
SECTINT 2
1ILITAR GG1ESSINT IN lW REST 0F C-INA
Jor nesc rggressiCn geinst Chin entered r new
phc oe on July 7th- 1937 when her r_rmy invdod Clinc
south of the Grot r11 [nd htr goverruient ndoptcd
supported lt nd continued the rggresslon 111 subshy
sequent J~~~ncse Governments did the scme
Subsequent mbull_ jor events in this ph~middotse wore
-~bout 19th to 25th septembar 1937 Jrpmiddotnese
forces bombed r~cnking rnd Cc nton r nd deli bcrc te ly
killed lmiddot rge numbers of civilLns
- About 13th December 1937 J-p nese forces
c~Dtured fnking slruhtcred mcny thousnds of
civilimiddotns na committed other outr~ges
During 1940 J~prn Sbt up r- soprrto puppet
Governrotnt in those vrts of Chinbull (other thrn the
four north-o stern privinces _ bove-mcntioned) which
sh- then occuied clriming to be the Nbulltion l
Government of the Reuublic of Chinr middot-nd middotbout
0th November 1940 offic1~ lly rccognizod it bullbull rgbullin J~pmiddotn delivered no dcclrrction of wbullr on
Chinr m~de no rttcmptmiddottc settle the lleged dispute
by pbullcific mcns or by medi~tion or ~rbitr tion
refueed on 25th September 1937 to prticipte in
the Frr Erstern fdvisory Cotllllittee of the Lccgue of
Nr- tions rltcfused on 27th October middotnd og-in on 12th
Novzmbor 1937 to ~tt~nd the Conferenceheld t
Brussels of trG other signmiddottories to the Nine-Power
Trerty of 6th Febru~ry 1922 or to qiscuss its
rppliomiddottion refused on 22nd September 1938 to sit
with the Lemiddotguc of H tions to medirte her disrute
with Chin middotnd on 4th Povcmber 1938 decl red thst
the scid Nin~-Fower Trety WS obsolete
Jrpmiddotn continued her militbullry ~ggression in
Chim by cmiddot pturinz rnong other cities Frnkow on
the 27th October 193~ Ch ngshr on the 18th June
1944 Hsn~y-ng on tre 8th tugust Kweilin on the
10th IovmiddotJbcr nd liqchow on the 11th November of
the Sle yemiddotmiddotr r-nd deliber tcly killed lcrg~ numbers
of civ1li 0 ns bull nd committGd othor outrbullges in erch of
the cities ~fori-mmtioned
SECTION 3 ECPT(IC 1 0GRESSJQ-T I CIW lTl) GRlltTFR imiddotsr middotsrmiddotbull
During the period covered by this Indictment
~pmiddotn est~blished ~ gbncrrl superiority of rights
in f-vour of her own ntionmiddotls which effectivamply
eremiddot ted 111onopolics in comrercimiddotl industril middotmiddotnd
finmiddot ncil enterprisas first in lmiddot nchurimiddotmiddot nd 1 ter
in other prts of Chinmiddotmiddot whch c aa under her dominshy
rtion nd exploitad those rcgioiis not only for the
Gnr fobmen t of JmiddotmiddotO n nd those of her nction ls pmiddotrshy
ticimiddot ting in thosG entsrnrises but s -rt of
scheme to 1leken the resist nee of Chiflr to exclude
other -middot tions middot nd n middotticnmiddotls nd to provide funds
nd munitions for further I ggression
li5 shy
This plmiddotn middots w~s the intention of soll~ rt le st
or its oripintors both on its economic rnd militry
side err dumiddot 11 cc me to embrce siuilmiddotr designs on
the remmiddotinder or ~-st si~ middotnd CCOPnio
LntGr it WS officibulllly exprnded into the
Gretcr E st middotsi- Co-Prosperity Sehemc ( a title
designed to cover up ~- scheme for completeJpmiddot nese
dominrtion of those -rcmiddots) -nd Jbullmiddotpmiddotn declmiddotred thrt
tris wbullmiddots tho ultimrte rurpose of the militcry
ocinpr ign
The sbullme org nizltions rs re mentioned in
Section 4 hereof were used for the ~bove purposes
SECTION 4
lrTHCDS CF CCRRTrTI(W tD C0RCINT Tmiddot CFH middotrm OTHltR OCClI~D T~RRITORI~s
Durin the whole period covered by this
Indictment succossive Jrpnese Governments through
their llilitmiddotry 11d nvrl commmiddotnders ~nd civilLn
(gents in Chinmiddot nd other territories which they
hmiddot d occupied or dt3signed to occupy pursued (l systemshy
r tic policy of wemiddotmiddotl-ening the nmiddottive inh-bitmiddotnts will
to re~ist by ~trocities middotnd cruelties by force nd
thre~ts of force by bribery nd corruption by
intrigue r mongst loo~ l poll ticirns nd generr ls by
directly bullnd indirectly eneourmiddotging inerebullsed proshy
duction middot nd importmiddotbulltion of opium nd other nmiddotrcotios
-nd by promoting the Sle nd consumption of such
drugs middotmong such peole middot The Jrpr- nose Govlt1rnment
secretly provided l 0 rge sums of noney which togotht
with bullrofits rroll thegovernment-sponsored tr~rrie
- 66
in opillll end other narcotics and othermiddot trading
ectivitiea in such areas frac12ere used by agents of the
Jananese government for all the above-mentioned
~urposes ~t the seme time the Japanese Government
was actively participating in the rroceedings of the
League of retions Co=ittee on Traffic in Opium and
other Dangerous Drugs and desrite her secret
activities above-mentioned professed to the frac12orld
to be co-operating fullj _with other meL1ber nations
in the enforcement of treaties governing traffi~ in
opiwi end other narcotics to which she was a party
This participation in end sponsorship of illicit
traffic in narcotics was effected through a number
of Japanese goverruiental organizations such as the
lenchurian Affairs Board the Chine Affairs Board
end the Southern Region Affairs Soard which were
combined in 1942 to form the Greeter East Asia
inistry and num-arous subsidiary organizations end
tradin~ companies in the various occunied end soshy
eelled independent (puppet) countries which were
ope~ated or su~ervised by senior officers or civilshy
ienjaProintees of the Army fnd the Navy
Further reve1Ue trom the above-mint ioned
traffic in opium end other narcotics was used to
finance the ~reparation for end waging of the wars
of aggression set forth in this Indictment and to
establish end finance the nuppet ~overnments set up
ly the Japanese overnmeht in the various occuried
territories
- 67 shy
SECTION 5
G-0YRL tgt- ~R TIt Fr1 middotR
Vtith a view to future wars of aggression and in
order to prevent other nations frolll interference in
her war cf aggression alre9dy in prog~ess against
China ~a~9n frorn 1st January 1932 onwards strength
ened her nsvel military nroductive End finenci9l
preperetions for war In particular but without
li~iting th0 above alle~ations
(e) t~VH
bout 29th December 1934 she denounc
ed the 1ashington lkvtl Treaty efter an
unsuccessful attenpt to persuade the other
Signatories to agree to a common upper
limit of global nrvsl tonnage for her own
obvious cdvvntege
bout 23rd J~ne 1936 she refused to
adhere to the London Nevel Treaty
On or about 12th February 1938 she
refused to reveal her nlbullVel building pl1cns
on request by the United St9tes Britein
~nd France
t rll times she secretly increased
her nev~l strength
middott Ell times end especiolly throughout
1941 she Made secret n~vrl plans for the
eurprise attacks which ultimetely toek
place on December 7th-8th 1941 on Pearl
Harbour Sngepore Hong Kong 11aye end
Sh~nghei Od for similer attacks on other
plscemiddots in the Pccific tnd Indien Ccens end
- 68 shy
and on the territocy of the Union or soviet
Socialist Republicsmiddot
(b) MILITARY
Japan continuall7 and progressivel7
increased the size of her arm7 not onl7 as
required for her war of ag~ression against
China but to a larger extent for the purshy
pose of other wars of aggression On the
6th April ~9amp9 she passed a general
Mobilization Law and tmreafter put it
into effect
(c) NAVAL AND MILITARY
Japan cont lnual 17 and progress i vel7
fortified th islands for which she held a
mandate from the League of Nations
Treat7 Articles violated 15 17
18 31
(d) PRODUCTIVE
Japan continuall7 ard progressivel7
increased her capacit7 tor the production
of munitions or war both on her Oiln tershy
ritor7 and in terrltories occupied or conshy
trolled b7 her to an extent greater than
was required for her war of aggression
against China for the purpose of other
wars of aggression
(e) FINANCIAL
The finance for all the above-mentioned
purposes was provided pa rtl7 through the
Budget b7 taxation partl7 by loans ani
partly from the profits of the exploit~ttons
bull - 69 shy
as described in Section 3 herect and
particular y of the sae of narcotics as
described in Section 4 hereof
SECTION 6
THE ORGANIZATIOll OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FlgtR WAR
Two provisions incorporated by ordinance or
custom in the Japanese constitution gave to the milishy
tarists the opportunity of gaining control over the
Governments which they seized during the period
covered by this Indictment
The first was that not only had ttw Chiefs of
Staff and other leaders of the Army ani Navy direct
access at all times to the Emperor but they had
the right to appoint am withdraw the War and Navy
Ministers 1n any Government Either of them could
thus prevent a Government from being formed or
bring about its fall after it was termed In Kay
1936 this power was further increased by a regulashy
tion that the Army and Navy Jlinisters must be senicr
Officers on the active 11st EG the fall of the
Yonai Government on 21st quly 1940 and of the Third
Konoye Government on the 16th October 1941 were in
fact brought about by the Army 1n each case they
were succeeded by Governments more subservient to
the wishes of the Army
Thbull seconi was that although the Diet had the
right to reject a Budget this did not give them
control because 1n that case thbull Budget of the
preceding year remained in force
- 70 shy
middotDurlnr thls middotperiod suchtree Porlie~cntary
lnstutiti~ns es preVi)USly existedwere rttdUnlly
stamped )Ut and a system simllti to the Fascist or
Nazi mooel introducedbullbullThis took derinite shllpe
with the f)rm~tion n 12th October 1940 of the
I11per1al_ Rule Asslsttnce AS9cintion am later or
the I11perlal Rule Assist~nco Political Society
Durlnr thi~ p~ri~ 0 virorus compain r inciteshy
ment to expansion was carried
on in themiddoteorlier
part t the period middotby individual writers end speakers
but rrnduolly this ceme to be orfanized by Government
artnc1es which elso stamped out tree speech tnd
writing by opponents ~r this policy A large number
t sctetics some secret wasalso rormed_both 1n
the Army end Nevy and amonr civilians with similar
objects Opposition to this policy wes also crushed by assassinations ~r lecding politicians who were
n)t considered surrtcicntly friendly to it ond by
rear end threats of middotsuch nssassinatioos The civil and especially the military poiice were else used to
suppress oppositi-m to the wnr policy
The educnti)nal systeos civil military and
nnval were used to ln~ulcate e spirit or totnlishy
t~rienis~ crgrcssion~ desire tor war cruelty and
hatred r ptential e~emies
Successive Japanese_ Governments from early 1n
1936 onwards cultlvcted close relati)ns with the
- 71 shy
totlitr-ri n iovers 1n Luro1gtc Germny rnd Itrly
which hrrboured simil~r designs in relrition to thmiddot
rest middotor the world to those of J~pn in relrtion tomiddot
--~st middotstmiddotmiddot ~nd the Indirnmiddot rrtd Tltc1t1o Ocerns bull
On ToveJ11ber 25th 1936 middotthey signed tli ntishy
Comitermiddotn Pc otmiddot--~ith r middot~e~ret middotJmiddototo~oi nd r Aecret
ilitry Trt1ty directed osmiddott~n~1t1 cgdnst tho U~i6n of Soviot cod11~t ~epubHca i-nci ccimmunis111
~ but ( oturlly designed ~ lso a ( prelude to joint
~gressivc rotion ~n rcnerr 1
v~rious countries under th domin--tion of middotxis middot - ~ -~ bullbull
Powers including the lUppot govrnments of Jnnshy middot1middot bull shy
chukuo _~nd th~ Nr nking Regime in Chinr wer~ degdmi ttlt
to the ~nti7Comintcrn lot
middotuust 1939 extensivE-negotitons werecondilctampd
between J~n r-erm~_ny_~nd Itr-ly rorthe estbullblishbull
ment ofmiddotn econoru9 politiccl bullnd militbullry cllince
On 26th urust 1939 Jmiddot prri throufh her rubrs~
a~dor in 1fshineton ssured middotthe United Stf tea of
Jllericr tht she hbull d decided to b~ndon ny further
negotirtions with middotrerlilny nd Itrlymiddot relctive to
closer rel(tions under the middot nti-Cornintern Jgtbullct bull
rrefoti- tions between Jmiddotpn nd middotGerm ny for the
esteblistmGnt of middotmiddotn econonic politicmiddot l ~nd milikry
pound111nce were resumed in July 1940
Between 13th middot_ugmicrost nd 22nd September 1940
rfterthe rmistice in June 1940 between Germrny
rntl the middotut~oritylimiddotter to be knownFs ths Vichy
1rovernmerit of Fr~ nee subservient to Germ~middotny nd
bullfter the occupction by Germmiddotny of 1( rge prrt of
- 72 shy
frr nee Japan inciuced and_ coerc~d the general gover
ment of Frenchmiddot Ineo-China to enter intomiddot agreements
with herfor mUitary end econ~mic concessions inmiddot
that country and especially the northern parttliere-
of On 22nd-September 1940notwithlltanding agree
ments aigned onthe samedey Ja-enesetroops
attacked French Inda-Chinese uni ts and were met thmiddot
strong re$lstance
en 27th Se)tember 194Q Japan signed the Trishy
Partite Jact vith Germny and ltaly middot
In theearly pert of 1941 Jepentaking advantshy
age or a bounclary dispute raised by heiland against
French Indo-China purported to ect es mediator or
erbitrator_therein butactually brdughtebout a
settlement unduly fevoureble to Thailand middotwith amiddotview
toobtaining heraidin or submission to future
aegression end atthe serre time madefurthermiddotdemands
for military and econonic concessions in French middot
lndo-China bull~be said settlements were finally conshy
cluded on 6th-9th imiddotay 1941
Collllencinlmiddot in the middotletter nertmiddot of February 1941middot
Jel)en and Ger111any conducted negotiations on the
subjept of oint Elli tary ction against middotlgtLgapore
and the territor~ of ot)ler Nations_
On 1st July 1941 German Italy and ell middot middot
Governments subservient to- them inother European
countries at the request of Jepan recognized the
so-called National Government of middotthe Republic ofbull ~
China
On the 12th July 1940 a Friendship Treaty bullmiddotas
signed between Jepan and Thailand
- 7J shy
7romJay to July 1941 Japan further induced
end coerced the general ~overnment or French Indoshy
China to allow Jananese troops to land establish
naval and air baaas end ~enerelly obtain control
over qouthern lrench Indo-China The main purose
on this occasion wee toprovide bases for aggression
directly against the Pritish Common-vealth or lTetions
end the Dutch est Indios and indirectly against
the United States of merica The said agreements
were finally concluded on July 21st and 29th 1941
on which date Japanese forces landed at Saigon
established navel and air bases end generally took
control ofFrench Inda-Chine
Throughout the ebove~mentioned dealings with
Freech Indo-Chine Je~en used the help or Germany and
Italy by coercion upon the Vichy Government cs well
es direct threats or ill6gel force to ettein her
ends
By way o reaction to this aggression and threat
tf furtheraggression the United States of merica
on July 25th end Great Britoin on July 26th froze
the assets ofJapan and Chinemiddotunder their control
rnd opplied other eoon01110 middotpressure agdnst Jcpan
On 25th Tovembermiddot 1941 Jsp1n renewed thlt ~ntishy
Oollintaln rgtect with secret clausesmiddot
Cn ormiddotobout tho let DecGL1ber~ 1941 Jopen
invokillP the Tri-ortite Poet requested Germany nd
Itcly to declare War on the United States after the
beginning of hostilities end tht1t a No middotseperilte
Peace Treety be entered into
On 5th December 1941 Jep4iressured the United
- 74 shy
Stetos ot merico thrt troop movements in French
I_ndo-China were Drecautionery masures
On December 7th-8th 1941 Jspen mPdesurprise
rttecks on territories ot the United States ot
merica the British_ Commonwuelth ot Nctions l1nd
Thdlond usin~ in tbe two latter coses French Indtgtshy
Chinr~ br ee s
Cn the 11th Deceiibcr 1941 Jc pen_ Germiiny rnd
Itrl signed to opbullrbull to Totce rr ct
On 18th Jiinurry 1942 middotc rili ter1 Convention
botween Jbullmiddotn~n cermrny bull_middotnd Itrly wrs signed in Berlin
From 19)6 to 1945 close milittr ncvtl econshy
omic nd diplomc tic co-oper~ tion rmiddotnd oxch nge ot
intormrtion were maintcfned between the r bove three
oountriea t the request ot ~ermnn Jpon trom
the b~ginning ot the wr on December 7th-8th 1941
rdoptcd the Germn polic~ ot r~thless submrrina
Wtrt~re middotnd the destruction or crevs or ships sunk
or o-ptured
By the thre~tenins middotrttitude bullhich Jrprmiddotn mdnshy
tc ined tro111 19)9 to 1941 grinst the Uni_ted Stmiddottoa
or bulliaeriobull the British Cocimonwe~lth otNtions
the Kingdom ot the letherlrnds no the Rerublic ot
Frnce middotnd trommiddot1939 to 1945 (g~inst the Union ot
Soviet Seel~ list Republics 1d by her incru- sing
oonccntrtion ot tr~o~s in regions oonv~nient tor
middotrttrcks Ul)on them she dirtctly bullmiddotssisted Germmiddotny
nd Itnly in their middotw- rs tginst those n tions even
while she rem~inpoundd nominrlly neutrrl
- 75 shy
SECTION 8bull
jGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION-
In the course of many years Japan was continushy
ally preparing war a11d performing11cts of aggressionmiddot
against the Soviet Unhn
bull bull1bull Having faHed ~ he-middot attempt Jo capturemiddot the
Soviet Far East in the period between 19181922 bull
Japan did n~t apan1on the idlao~capturingthe
Soviet areas situated east of theLake-Seykalmiddot
SincltJ 1928 the Japanese GereaJ Steff hld been
planning a war of egfressim against the Union of
Sbullviet ~ocial1~t Republics eager to take advantage
of a chance to start this waz bull
An importrt step ii- th1preparetion nfa war ~
of aggression arainst the Union of Soviet Sochlist1
Republics was t~El ocltupation_of lanchur1a~ 1931 _bull
which a~ we_l~ as KGrea was transformed into a mili 1
tary base for a1tacking the Unio~ or icvi_et SociRlist
Republics in a numbPr of years Railroads and_ highshy
ways vere constructe~ in anchuria after l93~ of
stratPgic importancmiddote and ran towards the frontier of
the Union of Soviet Sociali~~ Rep1bl1cs The -bull
strength of the Kwantung Army ha~ been jncreased middot ~~~ bull bull~ middot _~ J_~j -- --~
from twa divisions in 1931 to fifteen in l94~ bull ~ ~) 1 - ~
A great number of new airfields fort1f1e~ gt middotmiddotmiddot_- ~~middot~
areas dumps barracks sea and river ports destined bullbull bull ~middot bull i ~ middot t lt bull - bullbull bull bull bull
to serve in the war of aggression against the Unicn bull bull bull J bullbullbull - bull bull bull bull bull - ~
of Soviet Social~st Republics were built
In ~anchuria the war industry develop~d at a
fast rate Areas adjacent to the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics frontier were being colonized
- 6 shy
by Japanesereservists with the purpose of strengthshy
middotening the Kwantung lrmyat the moment of mobilizashy
tion Propaganda in the press b radio etc r
directed against the Soviet Union was carried on
111tenselr middotOn Lanchurian-territormiddot Japan organized
and supportedmiddot on a large middotscale ehments from lussian
emigrants hostile to theSoviet Union and prepared
them for hostilemiddotects againstthe Union ofSoviet
Socialist 1epublicsJapan systematically organized
armed middotolasheson the frontierand organized acts of
sabotafe-end terrortstmiddotacts onthe Chinese Eastern
Railroad
InJ9J2 Jaian twice rejected the proposal of
the Union ot Soviet Socialist Republics to conclude
a non-aggression pact
in 1938 Jlpan without declaring war attacked middot
th~ territory of the seviet Union at the Lake hassan
In 19)9 Japan again witheut declaration of war
at tacked the terli tory of themiddot ~middotongolian Peoplemiddot s middot
RepubUc en ally of the rrnion of Sovietmiddot Socialistmiddot
Republics at the Halkin-Gol Rlver (Naoanhan) and
engaged the ongolian Peole s Republic armybull and bull
its allied Red Ar11y bull In both cases Japan pursued the
aim of reconnoitrine themiddot strength of the Rad Jrmy bymiddot
battle and capturing strategic positions for future
war against the trnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
Having been repulsed twice and having sufferedheavy
losses Jmiddotmiddotpan nevertheless did notmiddot stop the preparashy
tiors fora sur~rise attac~ ~gainst the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics
hile Preparinl for the war against the Soviet
- 77 shy
Union Japan during several years carried on
negotiations with Hitlerite Germany end Fascist Itel
on a j~int aggression The principal stages in
this plot or aggressors were the conclusion of the
so-called Anti-Comintern Pact in 1936 and the sirnillf
of the Tri-Partite Pact or Japan Germany and Italy
in 1940 the aim or which was joint aggressive actio1
of these countries against democratic powers among
them the Vnion ~rsvviet $ocielist Republics
In ~rch 1941 while being in Berlin ror the
purpose of plotting with Hitler about e joint aggres
siort against democratic countries thedefendant
~tsuoka was informed by the German _goverllGlent about
preparations by the latter for war against the Uni~n
or Soviet Sociellst Republics s early as t_he
beginnlng or July following e conclusion of the
pact or neutrality on behalf of Japan on 13th April
1941 after the treacherous attack or Germany
egainst the Union or 9oviet socialist Ra~ublics
1atsuoka officially declared to the soviet Ambusedor
in Tokyo that the principal bas1s of the Japanese
foreign policy was the alliance with Germany and
that in case Germany addressed Japan with a request_
for tielp the J)ict middot of neutralty withmiddot the Utiioa ot
Soviet Socialist Republics would not present an
obstacle for Jepen to wege war on the side or
Germ~ny In accordance withthis the governing
militarist clique in lapen in the bullholecourse of
the buller betYlteen Germony end the Union of Soviet
Socialist_Re~ublics wes openly hostile towrrds the
~oviet Unionmiddot maintained a selecte3 arriy on the
- 78 shy
Soviet rront1ers end wes an orgrnizer or a widespreed
prorgrnda aea111st tho Soviet TTnion Jopan octively
helped ~itlariteGermeny providing her with
intormatiqn regording the un~n or Soviet S~c1clist
Republics orgonized pirote ettscks on Soviet merchtnt
shiplling in_ the Far Etat by closing straits estbullmiddotbshy
lishing prohibited zones tnd speciol limited wetershy
weys
To render help to GerlIEny J~ptbulln after Germsnyts
ettack egcinst the Union or Soviet Socielist
Republics in the S111111ler or 1941 doubled the strength
of her E1rmy in rnchuria nnd leter on brought the
strength of this irmy to r million men which necesshy
sitated mrintdning considerrble forces in the Fmiddotr
Eest by the Sevit Union inste~d of using them in the
wrr ig~inet Germnny
In the s0 me summer or 1941 Jfpfn v10rked out e
new Tll~n of surprise rttrck egeinst the Union of
Roviet Socialist 1epublics ~nd kept the Kwentung
Army fully prepred torsuch en cttock She w~s preshy
vented from it not by the poet or neutrality which
i s 1t llll Y be sampen from bove Jeuroptn diregrrded but
b)middotthe successes or the forces or the nnion of Soviet
Socirlist Republics in the w~r fgoinst Germany
SECTIC1 9
JATAfp lFlt TTlTITED S~TES CF fERJCbull TH cr1bullQ1TELTH OF TFE II IPrnns TI ft+ BltITISif cc MOELTH OF rJ TIONS
The whole of the other Sectiols or this ppendix
iro relevrmiddotnt to this Section rnd ere not ropectad
here
bull 79 shy
I
From 1931 until Lecember 1941 relctlons betwee1
Jopn middoton the ona Jr nd rnd the United Stotes of mer le
rnd Gret Brltcln on the other continuously detershy
lorotcd bacruse of Jrrr~s ~g~esslon in E~st ~sir
rnd duplicity in lnternrtionil neeotictlonsmiddot
The TTnlted Stotes of 11erioo rnd 8remiddott Britin
frecuently prctested thct J~prn s militory opehtions
were~ violtion of the provisions of the trecties
mentioned in Count middot2 hereof nd celled the ettentlon
of beth Chine md J~prn to their obligctmiddotions thereshy
under They ~1so declcred thct they would not recogshy
nize ~ny situmiddottion in ianchurlc or elsewhere brought
obout by violrtions thereof
J~pi-n in unequivoc-l tertlS grve rssurrnces thst
she h~d no territori~l mbitions in ChinL thrt she
would respect the open door policy in Chino In
spite of these c siiurbull noes she set up r -puppet
regie in lnchukuo nd proceeded to close the doer
to the TTni ted st tes of middotnericl End British tr11de
ffter tlte consolidrtipn of the linchurin posishy
tion Jln continued her ggressive policy in Est
sir in spite of ossurrncqs tht she hcd no terrishy
toriel ~mbitlons eouth of the Gret frll
The tnited 5tltes uid Grebullt Britdn 1ndervoured
to convince Jp n th~middott her bast interests lY in
perce but it wr-s cler from her Ctions tht she
intended to resort to force to gla neighbouring
countries end territories
During 1935 Jmiddotp-n incrasad hEr mllitrry nd
llfvrl strength middotnd undertook limited militrry
ctivities to extnd her damintion over Chimmiddot The
- 80 shy
United States of America and Great ~ritain continued
to draw Japans attention to her treaty obUgations
but this had no effect on her military activities
In 1936 the United States of America endeavourshy
ed to get Japan to agree to the principle of eauality
in commercial and industrial sp~eres and not to
resort to force to obtain preferential rights This
was also rejected by Japan
In 1937 Japan declared that the principles of
international relationship propounded by the United
States of America were consistent with her own but
qualified this by stating that the objectives could
only be obtained by an understanding of ~he particushy
lar circumstances of the East In 1937 Japan comshy
Ienced further military aggression in China and soon
thereafter the United States of America l)ffered her
good offices in the dispute and appealed to both
parties to refrain from war This ofter wes not
accepted by Japan and the appeal had no effect In
the same year Japan refused an invitation to attend
the Brussels Conference called under the provisions
of the Nine-Power Treaty On August 26th 1937
Japanese forces attacked cars belonging to the
British Embassy in China and on December 12th
attacked warships belonging to the United States of
AMerica and Great Britain on the Yangtze
At the end of 1938 Japan procl~ined her policy
of a new order in 3ast Asia end refused to ~ive any
unconditio~al assurance that the open dnor policy
in China would be maintained
Thereafter many interferences by Japan in
- 81 shy
Jtprnoso controlled territories with the rights or
the United States or ~Aeries end British netonels
took place end in July 1939 the United States or
America gave notice or terminetion or the 1911
commercial Treaty ~it~ Jeen
In September +940 after Japans military
alliance vi th Germany and Italy the United State
ot lmerica was forcedmiddotto place limitations on the
export of iron steel and raY materials to Japan
In arch 1941 conversations between the
Japanese ambassador in - eshington end the United
States Secretary or State took ~lace in an endeavour
bl the ~Tnited States to se~tle outstanding differshy
ences ano to reach a peaceful settlement ihile
these vrere proceeding Jepen continued at e feverish
pace to prepare for war At an Imp~rial Conference
on 2nd July the decision to advance southward
obviously directed against the United States of
America the Kingdom of the Netherlands end the
British CoAmonweelth was reached At a further
Conference on 6th Se~tecber it was decided to open
hostilities against the llited States of America
Great Britain end the letherlends in case the requireshy
ments ot Japan seemed unlikely to be realized by
B901B time clurinf tbe first part cf October On 1st
December a further Conference definitely decided on
war The decisions of the two lest-mentioned Confer-middot
encee were kept secret Cn 7th-8th December 1941
while negotiaticns were still proceeding Japan med~
surprise attacks on territories of the United amptetee
of Anerica et earl arbour of the British Commonshy
- 82 shy
weelth of Nations at Singapore elaya Hong Kong
and Sh~nrhai of the Commonwealth of the Philippines
and of Thailand She delivered no declaration of
war andmiddot to the ritish Commonvealth o~ Tations or
to the Conmonwealth of the ~hilippines no document
ot any kind To the United States of America she
delivered after the etteck a document which did
not end was not intended to cmount to a decleretion
of war
Stie entirslmiddot disregarded all the other Treaty
obligations r-ferred to in Counts 7 and 8 hereof
SOCTJCH 10
Tbe Netherlands ~ast Indies and tnemiddotPortugese
~ortion of the Islend of Ti111or were within the erea
coveted b Japm and described by her tis the Greeter
East ~sie Co-ProsNrity Sphere
In addition to thf general treaties binding
Jepan not to atteck these areas Treaty rticles Nos
20 and 21 refer respectively to these naticns in
terms Ja)en also rod a treat with the Hetrerlands
repardirP the ~est Indies which she denounced on the
12th June 1940 in preparation fer aggression
agai~st them At that time tre hom~land of the
Nethorlends had been recently and treacherously
()Ver-run by JrpaQ s ally Ger111eny end the Dutch
GoverrJJ1ent hbull d been corrpollcd to seek refuge in
ngland Thereefter Je_J n endeavoured to compel thrt
Government to agree toe new treaty on terms unduly
- SJ shy
fovcurable to Japcn but they wore unwilling to do
se The prcperet1ons of Jepcn fore general cggresshy
s1ve wcr in the Fer East included en intention to
invede the c~herlonds tost Indies The occupation
by Jbullpbullmiddotn or French Indo-Ch lna complete in July
1941 end the attecks upon territories of the United
States of tmcricc end tho British Commonwealth of
~rftions on the 7th-8th December 1941 were till prrt
of t plen which ircludcd t n inve sion of the Nethershy
lends r~st Indies This wes spcc1ficclly one of tho
d~cisions of the Jcponeso Imperial Conference of the
6th Se~tember 1941 Consequently the Natherlonds
Government irm~d1ately nfter the lest mentioned
cttacks declrred war on Jepen in self-defence
On tho 11th Janucry 1942 Jepcn invaded and
therefter repidly occupied the retherlcnds East
Indies
On 19th February 1942 Jepcn without ~ny
pretence of right or of eny quarrel vi th the itepublic
of Portugcl invRded ~ortugese Timor end occupiGd
it for the purpose of crrrying on her cggreseive
wcr egeinst ell the ~llied n~tions bull
ll4 shy
APPENDIX B
List of ~rticles of Trenties violated by JrponClld incorporcted in Groups One rndTwe
The Convention tor the Frcific Settlement of Intershy
nc-tion1l Dielutes sigmmiddotd t The Hegue 29 July 1899
The srid Convention wis signed nd r~tifiod
by or on behflf of J-n(n Cnd each of the ~ritions
middot britlf ing thf ct rrgcs in thfs Ind1 ctmltrnt subject to
oGrtotn rcscrvrt1ons not here motoriol
1 Article I
With P view to obvhting rs fr s possiblt-
recourse to force in tho rel~tions between Stctes
the Signrtory Powers rgree to uso their best efforts
to ensure th6 pecific settlcment of internitioncl
differences
2 Article II
In cesemiddotor serious disrgreemant or conflict
before tn bullmiddotppctgt 1 to rrciv middottlle Signr tory Yowers t gree
to middothrve reccurse rs fr rs circwnstbullnoes nllow to
the good offices or medi tion of enc or more friendly0
owers
The Convention tor the ~~eifio Settlement or Intershy
n~tionrl Usputes signed rt the Erguo 18 Ootobor
The sdd Convention ws signea nd rrtitied by
or on behrlf of Jrpmiddotn ~nd ec-ch of the nrtions bringshy
ing the Chfrges in this Indictment with the exception
or the United Kingdom rnd the Union of lgtoviet
Socirlist Republics a-ubject to eertcin reservtions
not here 112tcrimiddotl
bull 85 bull
trtiole 1
With c view to obvirting ~a for ~s possible
recourse to force in the relrtionsmiddotbetw~on Stntes
the Contr~oting ~owers rgree to use their best
offorts to ensure the pr oifio settlemcnt of lntarshy
nrtionrl differences
i rticle 2
In cnse of serious discgreenpoundnt pr dispute
beforc ~n ebulll to ~rms the Contrreting ewers
ogree to hi)ve recourse rs fer cs eiroumstnnoes
rllow to the good 01fioes or medirtionmiddot of one or
nore friendly nowers~
The Hegue Convrntioi lJo III Relmiddottive to the opening
of ~ostilities 1 signsd 18 October 1907
The sold Convention wns signed rnd rrtified by
or on bGhrlf of Jcprn rnd eoch of the notions bringshy
ing tho ohrrgo in this Indictment
rticle I
The Contrrctlng rowers recognize the t host11shy
1tie~ between thrimselvesmiddotmust not co=enoe without
previous Pnd ~xpl1cit ~rrn_ing in the form cltheuror cf
re~ soned declrrtio_n of w~ r middot or of en ultim tllll
with oondition~lmiddotdeolrrrt1cri of wtr
ierr~runt effected by cxohrngo of notes between the
nnitod st~tes bullnd Jrprn 1 signed JO November 1908 1
dGolnrine their policy in the F(lr 0rst
6 2 The Polley of both Governments unlnrlucncshy
ed by rny ~ggreee1ve tendencies ls Olrectod tomiddottho
ll~~JlAC~ ot th( cx1 stDe 41t-tus quo in tho region
f bove-mntloned nd to the defence cf fhe- J)rfao1Jlle
of ()quol opportunity for ciimmercend industry_in
bull 86 shy
Chino
7 3 They ere cccordingly firmly resolved
reciprocmiddotlly to respect the territoriel posssssions
belongint tc ec ch other in said r1agion
8 4 Thy rre clsc deterllined to preserve the
con11on interest or Fell Joyers in Chine by supporting
b~middot l )Citic nens bullt thsir dispos11 the independshy
ence fDd integri ty or Chin End the prinCiJ)l6 or
equel opportunity for cocrerce rn~ incustry or rll
nbullmiddottions in thrt Lipire
9 5 Srould ~ny event occur threrteningmiddotthe
st~tus ouo rs ~-hove described ormiddot the principle or eou~l o~~ortunit~ cs rbove derinedit reragtins for
the two iovernmcnts to coanunicr te with each otbcr
in order to rrrive ~t rn underst~nding es to whet
L1ersures thty mry consider it useful to tcke
The Convention ~nd ~inrl rotocol ror the Suppressio
of the buse cf rpillil nd other DruRs 1 si~ned et
The rbue 23 Jnurry 1912 rnd 9 July 1913
10 Tht sid Convention wrs signed nd rrtified by
middot or on bchr lf of Jrp n r nd ech of the n tions br~shy
ing the chmiddotrees in this Indictnent
Tt c Tremiddotmiddottv of Jefce between tha -bulllliod rnd bullssocimiddotte
Powers rnd GErmlt1ny I signed t Versmiddotillee 1 28 June
1919 known ~-s th Versilles TreEtY
Ii rticle 10 of the Coven nt of tho Legue of
Nmiddottions
The bullclbers of th Lagu undertbullmiddotke to rGspect
middotr-nd preserve bulls middotgrinst extern-1 -ggression the
tcrritoril inteigtrity middot nd existirw polltic-1 indeshy
Tendencs of ~ 11 Jbers of the ler gue In ctse of
any such aggraeaion or in case of any threat or
danger ot such aggression the Council shall advise
upon the Jlleen~ by which this oblitation shall be
tultill6d
12 ~rticle 12 ot the Covenant of the League ot
Pat ions
The lenbers ot the League agree that 11 there
should arise bateen them any fis~ute likely to lead
to a rupture they will subLlit themiddotmatter either to
arbitration or to enquirf by the Council end they
agree in no case to resort to war until three t10nths
after tte ewerd ~Y the arbitrators or themiddotreport by
the Council
l) ert1cle 13 of the Covenent ot the leepue ot
Netione
Tbe embers ot the League aeree that whenever
any ~ls~ute ehall arise between them which they
recognize to be suitable tor suboission to
arbitration end which cannot be satisfactorily settled by diplomacy they will subnt the whole
subject n1Stter to arbitration
Disputes es to the interpretation ot s tresty
as to any euestion or internati~nel law es to the
existence ot any tact which it established would
constitute a ))reach of any international obligation
or es to the extent end nature of the reparation to
be oede tor any such ireech ere declared to be
among those which ere generally suitable tor subshy
111~ ssion to erbitretion
For the consideration of any such clis ute the
eourt of arbitration to which-the case is referred
- 88 shy
~hall be the court erreed on by_ the rarties ~o the
disrute or stiuletec n any convention existing
middot between then
The middotemters or tlle League erree that they will
carry out in fuil ood taith eny av1ard thut iray be
rendered tnlI t~et ther will not resort tower I
against a ember of the league which COll)lies thereshy
with In the event of any failure to carry out such
award the Council shell rropose hhet steps should
middotbe taken to rive effect thereto
14 rtcle 15 of t~e Ccvrnrnt of tte leeeue of
Naticns
If there stould criss betveen embGrs of the
League any ciisgtute lHelJmiddot to lead toe rupture
which is not submitted to arbitration in accordance
with ~rticle lJ the elbers of the league agree
tJiat tJie will tutt the rntter to tte council
Any rortr to the lllsutc 11ey effect igtuch subuislicn
by Pivin~ notice of the existence of the dis~ute to
the ~ecretery-ener11l who hill reke ell nccesslry
arrange bullents for a full investiration and considershy
ation ttereof
ror this ~urncse the nerties to the disnute will
cc~middotaunicete tc the Secretary-Glmiddotnerel es rrolptly as
noeeible stetebullbullnte of their cesa ~1th all the
rtlGvent facts enc papers nd the Council ra foLth- middot
bull1th dir~ct the publicetion thereof
Tte Councl lF 11 nc1eivour _to effect a settleshy
ment of the diE-uts and if such Gfforts fre succoisshy
ful e statGmont ehll t1 ntgtdlt ublic giviie such
ftcts rd elJlanlt l onE rcr[)rdinc tlc disuto igtnd the
- 89 shy
tmiddoteramp1s or settlement therampcr s ttdeg Council EJ deem
s~~rorriete
Jr the dis~utc is not tt-us settled ~he louncil
either un~ninously er by G Ecjority vote shell mcbullEl
c-nd rublish e rellort contllinin tmiddot stcter-ampnt cf thamp
fects of tlo dis~utE bullnd the recorncndticns which
Pr~ deemed just rnd nroner in rcvrd thereto
Any middotmbcr of the Llt-egue rmiddotprcscntd on ths I
Council m~y P-~kc ~ublic e stcte~cnt or tho frets of
the disutc End of its conclusions rcgrding ths
s_fie
If rerort bmiddot the Colllcil is uncnifilously rgrscd
to by the lllbcrs ttereof ether thln the tcprampsampnteshy
tives of on_ er -ore ot ttmiddot rtics to the dispute
the Cecbers ot middot the Lru( bullerco thit they will not
go tc wpound-r Fi tl bullny i~rty to the disrutc which corshy
plics with the rccomntnd tions of tbr rport
If th~ Council r~ ils to re~cr reort which is
unr nirlously greed to b tt~ llCrtLtors thereof o thcr
ttn ttc llrescntitivcs or one or ore of the
p rtics tcgt tt disute t1 l-scbrs cf the Lc~guc
rltscrvc to thelIS-lves th rieht to tki sue bullcti_on
rs tlcy shrmiddotll _consi~cr nccess~ry for the llmiddotiritnbull ncG
of right cncI justice
-r ttn dis~utc bctwccn the irti s is clriracd
by one of thu1 ne is found by the Council to rist
out of ~ a-ttr Nhich by intcrntionJl l~w is solrily
within th~ doJiestic jurisdiction oi th~t pmiddotrty th
Council Eh 11 so rlcrt nd shJ l u- kC no recoshy
P--nd-tion -S to its- settlcnent
r Council JI ~middot ii ny c-- sc undar this
- cc- shy
rticle refer the dispute tc he Assenbly T~e
dlspite shall be sc rcierre1 at t1e recniest of
elt--er party to t1e dis)ute provided that su~h a
reouest be 1iade within fourteen days after the sushy
miss icn cf tie dispvte to the Council
In any case referredmiddot to the Assembl7 all te
provisions cf t1is middotrticle cnd cf Article 12 relat-
ing to the action a-d povPgts cf the Cciuntil scwll
apply -to the action and povrers of the Asser1bly proshy
vided that a report ade by the Assembly if con-
curred in middotbmiddotr the Representatives of those --embers
of t1e Leale re pres ted on the Counc 11 and of a
1ajorit of the othrr middotembers of t1e eaeue c~shy
~lus ive in each case of Representatives of the
parties to the tisputc shall have the saLe force as
a report by the Cou1~il concurrPd in by all the
fieiS thereof othEr than the Rerescntatives of
one or more of the ltJrties tc the disp1te 11
15 Article 22 oft~~ Coven~ntmiddot cf the League of
1-ations
Other peoples especially those of Central
Africa are at such o staJe that the ~ndatory must
be resgtons ible for the aduiis trat ion of the terri tor
urner contitions which wi l ruarantee freec)om cf
ccnscence nnd rel1 middotior SJb Je~t cnly to the ma1ntenshy
cnce cf pc1llJic order end ncrals the prohl1Jitin
of abses sue as t1-middot slave tracc tllc arns tra~ tc
an the-liuor rotfic and the prevent1gtn of the
establishment of fortifications or mllitnry am
na7al bases and of mil1tar trpoundinin of thL natives
for ither than police purposes and the defence of
territor and u1ll aisc secure ebulluai opportunities
- 1 shy
~ tht trrde net oonmcrc ot othr iombcrs ot the
Le~gu- Tter1 ~re tarritories such a South-Jcst
trio~ nd 011rtmiddotin or tho South Jrc1r1c Isl~ nds
hioh owilltl to the ep-rsoncss or their populmiddot tion
or their sror 11 size or their rcr10toness from the
centr6s er c1v1Uz-t1on or their googr-phiol oonshy
t1~middot11ty to the territory or t)s Lmiddotndmiddott_ory bullnd other
oircumstrmiddotnoos or n be best rmiddotdm1n1 starrd under the
l~ws ot th G l-nd tory s 1ntq_trbull l nort1ons or 1ts
territory subject to the s togur rds -_bovo-ncntionod
in the interests or the indigenous popul tion
16 bullrtiole 2J (c) of th~ Covcn nt of the Lemiddotguo of
rrtons
SubjGdegct to nd in ~ ccord nee vith bull the provisions
ot intern ticn middotmiddot l conventions existing or heremiddot ttcr
to bo middot eroed U1on th middotmlicrs ot the lergue bullbullbullbullbull
( o) will entrust tho le guc with thebull gonor l
supervision over the execution of middotgrccmnts v11 th
regmiddot rd to tt e tr trio in WOll3n middot nltJ children middot nd ths
trrric in oiun middotncl othilr d~nFcrcus drugs
Tht l-ndrt- frol tt Lemiddot rue of ~Tbullt5ons pursubullmiddotnt to
t1c Vcrsmiddot 111-s Trcbulltz irde bullt Gcnor 17 kccnbcr 19n
17 bullrticlc )
The lbullnd-tory shll see th t the slmiddotve trmiddotde
is prohibited bullnd th t no forccd lbullbour is porll1tttd
axcopt for esscntimiddotl ublic works ~nd sorvicos ~nd
then onlr formiddot dequ tc romunormiddottion
18 rticli 4 The 1111litc-ry tr ining cf the n t1veuros othtrvise
thmiddotn for ~urpseuros or int~rnbulll ~olioc middotnd the loc 1
- 92 bull middot
detonco ot th t1arritory sh 11 be prohibited
Furthermore no mllitbullry or rmiddotvmiddot l bsos shmiddotll bo
ostblished or tortitiotions orec~cd in the
territory
Tremiddotty botv1ecn th( British Ccllllonmiddot olth middotor n t10middot1s 1
Trnce 1 Jbullmiddotp n nrgt thlt Unitod Str-tcs or llmiddotmiddotric
middot relmiddot tin to thclr Insulr possessions nd middot~nsulmiddotr
pominions n the P-middot oiflc Ccebulln 1 lJ December 1921
The H rGmiddotti W s middotsiend ne rr tlfi1d by the
~ifn tory olcre
19 middotrticlc I
Th Hi~t Contrmiddot ctlne middotrtits grce is bltlt106n
thsmsolves to rcs)oct thdr r_ifhts in rel tion to
their insulr roescssions middotnt ineul r dorunions in
the middotregion o~ the 7 citic Dcemiddotmiddotn
It then should develop betwein ny of the High
Contrbull ctinr ~rtics bull controvCrs rising out or ny
- cific question middot nc involving their srmiddotid rights
thiih ii not smiddot tisf ctorily settled by diploti cy nd
is likely to bulltfect tho he raonlous middotmiddot ccord now hmiddotmiddotppily
subsistinc between ttcm they sholl invite the othir
Hh Contr~ctinr ---rtibulls to joini Contorcnco io
middot vHct tl~ hcl subjlot will be refrrcd tor conshy
sidermiddot tion nit middotdiu~tmnt
Identic Corrunicmiddot ticn ri-do to tb lfothrlmiddotnds Govzrnshy
ment on 4 Fzbrumiddotmiddotrmiddot 1922 on b~hmiddot 11 of thbull- ~middotritish i
Cornnonwe-lth of nmiddotmiddottions middot nd lso mutbulltis mut ndis
on behmiddot lt cf Jmiddotr-n nlt thamp othr --~~era signmiddot tory
to th -~umiddotdrunlr cific Tremiddot ty ot 13 Decltaber 1921
stmiddotmiddottes thbullt shy 20 Ths N1gtthcrbnds not bain sifO tory to tt smiddot fd
- 9~ shy
Tre middotty middotmiddotnci t_h~ Ncthrl nds possession in the region
ot-thc P~riific Ccern thErcforc not being includ~d
in the bullgrccmcnt ref~rred to His Britnnic t~J~stys
Govarnmrnt nxious to for0 stmiddot ll ny conclusion conshy
trmiddot ry to ths sirit of the Trcbullty desires to dGcl~rlt
thnt it is firml~middot r0solvcd to respect tho rights of
the Ncthcrlbullnds in rslmiddottion to ctr insulmiddotmiddotr posscdshy
sions in the region of the Pmiddotcific 0cc n
Idcntic Communic tien 11dE to the ortugucsG Govurnshy
mcnt on 6 Fcbrumiddotri 1922 on behlf of tho British
on b~hmiddot lf of Jbull T n nc th othn owers slpn tory to
the ~u-ar~lE Tclf4 c Tr0middotmiddottbullmiddot cf 13 Decu1ber 1921
stmiddottes th t shy
2~ ~ho ortuguesE not beinp signmiddottory to the s id
-Trebullty nd the ~ortusucsc ~ossess~ons in the region
of the ~~cific Ccc1n therefore not being included
in tte middotgreencnt rsLrrd to E Brlthnic middot jcity s
Government nxioupound to forEJst11 ny conclusion
ccntrbullry tc th fririt of the Trcmiddot t) desires to
acclmiddot re th middotj it is firrillmiddot rosolvcd to respect thfgt
rights of nortugmiddot 1 in rel tion to hor insubr posshy
sessions in th~ i-rion of th TLcific Ccern
Ttc rebull ty bftweon the TTnitcd Stmiddot tcs of lcricr the
Pritish Comcnvomiddotlth oftmiddotmiddot t0ns tlgiuM Chin-
Yrrnc~ Itbullly JmiddotTmiddotn the N~thcrlmiddotnas nd Portupmiddotl
concludedmiddot~~ ~igns~ t middotmiddot~shin~ton 6 P~brumiddot ~y 1922
~c 2middotmiddotid retmiddot wf siv1d middotnd rrtifLd b~middot or on
lmiddot lf cf TbullO-n middot ni middot ct 01 th~ n ticr5 brireine thlt- bull
ctmiddotrPt~ in ttls I~dictntnt ~Ith t~L czc~ption of th~
- 91 shy
Union middotof Sovi~t Sooiel1et Re1ubllcs middot
Article I
Themiddot Contractin~ rowers other than China
eereebull
22 bull ( l) Tu reseot middotthe sovereifnty the independshy
ence end the territorill adilinhtrstive integrity
ot China
2J ( 2) To )rovide ihe tullest and nost unem-
berraesed oportunity toCh1na tc develop end mainshy
tain tor herself en etteotive end stable Government
24 ( J) To use their middotinfluence tor the purpose ot
effectually establiehinv end oainteininq theprinshy
ciple of equal or~ortunity for the ooJllilerce and
industry_ of ell noticns throll eurohout tte territory of
China
25 (4) To refrain fron tekinf advantage ot conshy
di ti~ms in China in ormiddotder to see special rights_ or
privilegeft wh)ch wculd ampbridge the rights ot subjects
omiddotr _cl tizens of friendly States Eind- fror1 countenancshy
ing action in~ical to the security ot such States 9middot
Article II
26 The Contractin- ewers agree not to enter into_
any tre~ty eereeoent arraneementor understanding
either with one another middotor ndivltually _or collecshy
tively with any pwer or Tmiddotowers llmiddothicb wouid
infring~ or impair the p~inoiples stated in middotArticle Ir Article III
ntri th a view tomiddot eJl]lmiddotin~ more ettectuelly the
principles -Of th (lpen JJvOr or equality Of OJgt)Ortun-
ity in Chine for tte trade and incustry of all
nstions thP Contracmiddotting rovere other ~hen Chna
- 95
e~ee that they 111111 not seek nor sup~_t thelr
tesnective ne~ fone ls in seeUnr shy
27bull (a) middot Any errenfenent which rmiddotdrht -urrort to
establish in favour of their interests any general
suueriori ty of riftts 1th respect to comraerdal or
economic development in any desi_neted reeion of
China
28 ( b) Any suet oonoooly or preference as would
denri ve the m ti one ls of ani other --ower of the rieht
of undertaking any legitimate trade or industry in
China or o participitinif 1th the Chinese Governshy
ment or with any local e uthority in any category
or -public enteririse or which by reason of its
scope duration or geora~hical extent is celcushy
lated to frustrate the rrecticel ep-llcation cf the
principle of eual opportunity
It is understood tl~t te foreeoilf stipulationf
of this Article are not to be so construed amps to
Tgtrohibit the acquisition of such 1ronerties or
ri~h_ts as me~ be necessary to the conduct of a parshy
ticular cornrercial middotindustrial er financial undershy
takin or to the encourapoundeLent of invention end
research
Cbira undertakes to be gdcled by the rinciples
stated in tte foregon- stir-uletions of this ~middotticle
in dealinr wit-0 er-rlicetions for emiddotcononic rights end
privileges frc1 timiddot rcverll1ents end naticnals of t11
foreien countries whethEr partiEs t~ tha present
Article IV
29 The Cortr~ct~~ ~cr~~s BfrEe not to ~up~Qrt
eny agreements by their respective nationals with
each other designed to create Spheres of Influence
or to rovide for the enjojment of mutually exolusiv
opportunities in des1gnsted parts of Chinese terri shy
tory
Art1cldege VII
JO The Contrectin) ewers agree that vhenevr a
siturtion arise) hich in the opinion of any one or
thcu involves the cpplicit1on or the stipulations
of the present Treaty middottnd renders desirable disshy
cuSsion or suoh Epplioction thermiddot6 shall be full
snd frark oo6riuriio tion between themiddot Contrc oting
Powera co1oerned
Treaty hpoundtwe3n ttc United Stetes and JEllP-n signed
t middotmiddotrshinrton 11 Februry 1922
The arid Trecty wa3 sirned rnd ratiffod by
the 8fnstory rcbullmiddotrs
~rticle II 1
Jl The United StEtes end lts nmiddot tionals shall
receive ell the benefits or the cngagcuents of Jepar
defined in ~rticles J 4 ondmiddot 5 of the Eforesaid
lsndete notwithstmdin the fect that the United
Strtes is not e mcmuer of the Ls6gue of thbulltions
Ccnvsnt1on signLd ~t Gcnevr 19 February 1925
J2 Th sdd Convention wcs s1encd nd rtified by
or on bchnlf of Jbullmiddotpt n nd B[O~ of the nyt1ons bringshy
ing th1o chrmiddotregtcs in this Indictrrnnt with tho excepshy
tion of the Union of Soviet Soci~list R~1ublics
(bin i-ol middotthe TrJtsd StrtoF or raric bull
- 97 shy
~nericomiddot tbs Prssldent of the Gerrpoundmiddotn Reich Fls
Jejcsty the Yinp cf the Bleiens 1 the resi1font of
the Frrnch R=~ubl1c 1 Fis te 1esty the inmiddot of Grnegtt
~itPin 1 IrclFnd end the British Loninlons beyond the
SeM I Irm6ror of India His la jsty the r1n9 of
Itely 1 His Llt-jcsty theuro Ecurror of J~f)en the resishy
dent cf the ctqublic of PolPnd Lnd the Prcsident of
the Czochoslov=k Reuronublic 1 ccnclueed Lnd signed ct
Jrris 27 middotw-ust 1928 1 knorn ~s thE IbllOg-)ri1nd
Peet nd ~~ the ~rct of Pmiddot ris
The srid rebull ty YlS signed Pnd r-tified by the
1iill tcry obullsrs
lrtick I
JJ Thi lifh Contrcctng ~1rties 1101Emn~y deelcre
in the nr~es of their res~ctive peoplesJh~t they
condecn recoursemiddot to 1-middotr for the solution of intcr shy
nctionrmiddotl ccctrovcrsies ~ne renounce it cs en
instrllJlCnt of n tic _-1 policy in tbcir rlr tions
with -ons inctber
Article II
J4 The Rieb Contr(ctin~ Prties ogree th t th
settlement or solution of i11 disrutes or conflicts
of ~-hitevtr n tur or of hotevcr origin tbey ruy
sought except by pbullcific M~middotns
Dccl~r ticn of Irrpcrirl p~ncsb GovcrI11lcnt 1 27 June
1929 1 ccnccrning -~rticle I of the Kelloge-Pribull nd
Peet of 27 August 192
Th Impcrlr 1 lcv rnnnt dccL re thi t ttc
rhr soolog in tts nmiddotlltS of tt(ir respective
p01ks Pf-middotrin 1 rticlc J cf tt rrmiddot ty frr
- 98 shy
the Renuncif tion cf _ r sirncd rt rrie on 27
urust 1928 vicved in the light of th~ provisions
or the Impcribulll Constitution is understood to be
inrppliCbmiddot in so fmiddotr s Jrprn is concernecl
llG Convmiddot ntion rclbullmiddott~n~middot to l~rcotic Drugs shncd
rt Gcncv~ lJ July 1931
35 The srid Convention wbullssign~d -nd rrtifiad by
or on bchmiddot lf of Jcpn with r rcscrv tion s recorded
in th protmiddotocol cf sirn ture nc c ch of th n tions
brinfing the chrrecs _in this Indictiicnt with tro
cxcetion of the Union of SoviEt ~ocilist RG~ublics
Chinbull trc Cor-monwe ltr of tustr lir rnd Ncw ZDlrnd
Trc ty btveurocn Thilmiddotnd middotnd Jp nmiddot conccrnin~ the
continumiddot nc of frimiddot~ndly rJlmiddottions middot nc tho nutu 1
riscct cf emiddottlh others tcrritoribulll iptcgrity 1
Si1ned middot t Tokyo 12 June 1940
lhc sbull id Tre tr wmiddot s s~_gnec nd rmiddot tified by
the Sign tory rovcrs
trticlG I
3l nThE Fifh ContrbullcCinf Forties s~~ll nutu~lly
resnct ~-ch others territoribulll intqrity middotnd
hcrebmiddot rcrfflru the constrmiddotnt 1cce nd the ierpetuil
fricndship existin between them
Convention rcsnctin~ t~c ~irhts bullnd Duties of
reutr1 ewers ~nd creons in 1fmiddot_r on Vmiddotnd signed
~t Tho Hbull2uJ 18 OctcbLr 1~07
37- rtJcle I
Th trrltory of mutr l ~-mcs is inviolmiddotmiddottl
JR _rtiole II
- 99 shy
rcross the tG~tor of ~ ntiutrl ow1r
Treo-ty of Jortsraoutl- b6twEen Russfr -nd Jpcn
signod 5 Sertc~bampr 1905 which esttblished
Art1cl6 II (p(rbullerr-~h 3) 39 It is bulllso ~greod thmiddot t in crder to rvoid middotlJ
c~ usa of iiisunderstmiddot nc-ing the two F1gt Contrrct1ne
-rt1es wi11 -bstdn ontl6 Russo-Iorcin frontier
from tr11nv r-ny nillt ry morsur6s which moy mEnccamp
tte security of Russ1middot n or ~orern territory
bullrt1cle It (Pmiddotrts l bullnd 2) Ja~an ana Russia mutua~ly e~~age
40 ( l) To evmiddot cu te COll)lGt ely nd simultr neously
tmiddotbull nchlirilt1 eJCcpt thbullj territory rffected by the lcse
of the li~otun2 zcninsuln in conformity with the
provisions of middotcdition l lrticle I~ nnexod to
Trc ty bullmiddotnd
41 () To rcstors cntirtolt middot nd COl]lttoll to th
oxclusive dninamptr tion ofChin_ 11 rortions of
irnchuri nov in th~ occuo tion or under middottho coritrol
of the lqmiddotnGse or Rurs1middot1 troops Nitl th exception
of the trr1 tor bull b0vbull rn nt londl
rticlc IV
obstruct ny gcncr-middot1 nrsures cnmiddotmiddotmiddotJori to rmiddotll C0 1Lttr1es
vhicb Chin~ rnmiddoty t middot~ tor th lcvlorwnt t)f thv
coriflcrcs rid incustr~middot of gt nchu1middot1bull
I) middotmiddotn middotnJ -usbull ngmiddotp tbull xlbit thdr
- 1ot shy
44 J middotn nd Russi uutumiddotmiddotlly grec-not to conshy
struct in their rcsnectivu possessions on th~
Islrnd of Srghbulllicn or the middotdJ cent isl-nds ny
fortificmiddottione or other similmiddotmiddotr militrl works
They middotmiddotlso rrspectivcly cngg not to t l1 ~ny milishy
tr ry ncsures hch MY impede the free nmiddot vigmiddottion
cf the Strmiddot its o 1middot re rouse bull nd T rt ry
h onventfon on Elbodying P~sc hulcs of tho
Rclmiddotmiddottions bctweenmiddotJrbulln nlt= the Union cf Soviet
ltocilist Rr~ublics 1 srn~d 20 J nur 1925 in
rkine
This Conv0nticn wmiddots signed middotnd rmiddottificd by the
Ciflnmiddotmiddot tory rovcrs
rticle V
45 bull Tho High 0ontrbullmiddotcting ~ rtis soleMnl ffirm
thcr desire middotnd intention to liv~ in rbull~cc middotnd
bullmiddotMitr ri ti emiddot ch ottr scrupulcJsly to rspcct th1
undoubted rieht of Stmiddottc to order its oyn life
1dthin ts own jurisdiction in its own w~y to
rf frmiddot in - ncl rcstrr in bull 11 erson in middot ny govornshy
mentrmiddot l service for th-11 nd 11 or~niz7ticns n
rocir-t of middot O findegncirl rssiitmiddot rc~ fron them frou
middot~ny middot ct ovrt or covrt limiddotmiddotbl fr II) w~y whtcver
to enc1middot n1er the order middot nlt securitr n i n1 rmiddot rt of
thc tcrritoris cf T n n th nlol 1f ltcvivt
Socimiddotljst ~rublios
rt l f11rt~-1r middot ~rcrt1 tmiddot~ t n thtr ontrmiddotct~nq
r-~rty ~~ middot11 rsrr-middotmiddot bull_ t~1 middotr=f( n 1i tr - t-rrltorlis
undr bullts juri stl ctJ vi -- ( middotmiddot ) of c--n izmiddot t~c-re er
irouS pr-tn1ln~ tmiddot bi~ th CTOVcIlll1-lt iCr ~ny r- t
of ttf t~rritorier Gf tb~ ether ~rt~ or b) cf
- 101 shy
alien subjects or citizens who may be found to be
_actually carryinr on political activities for such
organizations or -bullro ups
The Neutrality act t)etween the TTn~on of Soviet
rlccialist Reublics and Tapan siuned 13 April 1941
This ~ect was sirned end ratified~~ the
Signatory rowers bull
~rti cle I
46 Both Contrecti 1g Iarties engage to naintain
peaceful end friendly relations between themselves
and mutually respect the territorhl integrity end
inviolabilit of the other Contracting Party
Article II
47 If one of the Contrectlng Parties becomes the
object of militar action on the part of one or
several other overs the cther Contracting Farty
will r~intaln neutrality during the whole ~ericd of
the conf 11 ct
- 102 shy
list of Lfficiel bullssuronces Violated by JIc1-~nd lncororeted Li Group One
25thmiddot Se~tember 1931 ~het JalBn rad no
territoriel desiens in renchuriamp
2 25th middotcvember 1931 That there was no truth
in the report of a Japanese edvancemiddoton Chinchow
J 22nd December 1931 Thet Chinese sovereignty
would be accented ~no that tre opei c-oor rolicy
would be nsntEned
4 5th Jenu~ r 1 1933 That Jaan hsd no territshy
oriel ellbitons s~ut~ cf Jhe Greet Well in vina
5 25th n~ril 1 1934 middotThat Jepan had no intention
vhatever of seeUn~ leciel privileuroPes in Cbinr of
encrcechire UOn the territorial snd administr11tive
integrit v of Chine or oI creating difficulties for
the bona fide trr-de of other countries middot1th Chne
6 15th uibullust 1 1937 That Janen harboured no
territorial designs on China enrl would middotsprre no
efforts in sefeuardin foreltn interest end r1hts
in Cina
7- Seterber 1937 That Jsren had peecetul
intentionB EJnn e lECY of -territorial designs in
Torth Chins
8 17th Fe_bruery 1 1939 That lfjpaa hid nc
terrl torlel designs in China nc that the occul)bt icI
ietrndnn uetl lU~-her_reP(bullristons_ th Geimiddot=ny 6ld
Itsl~ r~JttiYa t~ ~1 ser r~li-timiddot)ne wlticr tht i11tishy
- middot103 shy
10 l5th April 1940 ~hct Je~sn desired status
quo of the I-etherlands ~est Indies
11 16th ~ey 1940 That Japan had no rIEns nor
pur])ose tomiddot attack the Nettmiddoterlends East Indies
12 24th lerch 1 1941 Thft under no circumst6nces
vculd Jaoen ettacr the United States of 1oerica
Greet Dritein or th etherlancls est lndits
lJ 8th July 1941 That Ja~n rac not so fer
consfderec1 the middot~ossibili t~ of 1ifhtnf the Union
of Soviet Socialist Reublics
14 10th Tulv 1941 Thft Japen cont~plated no
cction rgoinst French lndo-Chne
15 5th middot~cerber 1941 Tht troop riovernnts in
French cndo-Cldna were precauticner1 meltlsUres bull
104 shy
AlPtmrx n
Incor~oreted in Group Three
The Laws and Customs of 1middotar ere established
pertly by tre ~rectice of civilized netions end
pertly by Conventions snd rseurances which are
either directly bindinn upon the parties thereto or
evidence of the established ~nG recognized rules
The Conventions end issurences hereinigtfter rentioned
in eny Prt of this ppendix will be relied upon es
s middothole for both iurposes only the nost leterial ~rticles being nuoted herein
1 The Convention o 4 d_one at The FFgue on the
18th October 1907 concerning the Laws and Customs
of igtr on Lend provides ( inter elie) as follolls
middotcccrding tc the views of the high Gonshy
trectinr- irties thes ~rovisio1s the drafting
of which hes been insrired by the desire to
diminish the evils of war so far ts military
requireoents perflit ere intended to serve JS
a gener~l rule of conduct for the bellirerents
in tteir reletions with the inhnbitants
It hes not 10VEVtir been found rossible
et present to concert stiulctions covering ~11
th circumst~nces lict er~e in rrctlce
Cn the other h~ne tts Eigh Contrecting
irtls clmiddotrly de not intcrd tlJ~t unforeseen
cses stculd in Gefult of written qre(llent
be left to the rtitrar) Cinion of milit~ry
- 105 shy
conms nders
r~ntil o nore ccmrilete c0deuro of th6 laws of
-tar clt-n be drmiddotwn up the Hieh Contr~cting
rrties dee~ it expedient to declPre thbullt in
c~ses not covered by the rules bulldopted by then
the inh~ bi t~nts ltncl the belligerents remr in
under the protGction ~nd governunco of the
princi~les of the lw of nr tions derived from
the us~~es ~stbullblished rmon~ civilized peoples
fron th1 1~ws of humnity middot-middotnd frou the diet~ t6~
of the public consci~nco
The RoguLtions sit out in the nn6x to the sric
Convntion 1tich for~s Tirt tler6of der 1 in
Section I witt Belliger6nts rnd risoncrs of middotcrrr in
qection II witt ao~tiliti(s ~na in Section III with
ilitrry middotuthority over the Territory of the Hostile
Stbullte
middotrticle 4 thereof in Section I provides (intsr
[li~) ~s follows
~r isoners of middotmiddotmiddot-r middotre in thEgt ower oI the
hostile Governmaat but not of th~ indivi6u~ls
or corps wlo cmiddot rture theuron middotbull
Convention lo 10 dcJ~ bull t th sr-r~ time nd
)lce concerns 1middotmiddotritime middotr
The _smiddot id Ccnvntions Yere signed bull nd rmiddottified
by er on ceb~lf cf over fcrt nmiddotmiddot tions including
bJ n middot na ebullmiddotcJ- o tho n~tions bringing t_he ch~rges
in this Indictment Eubject to C6rtrin rescrvtions
- 116 shy
not ere Rteri~l nd ttcus bec~ma rrt or evidence
cf the I~ws bull nd ~uetcms of middotmiddotmiddotr
2 Tho rore eonnlc te code of the I -ws of rr conshy
tenpl td by ttc s id Convention is contdncd iu
relmiddottion tc ~risoners of ~r in tho Inter~ tionl
Convention relmiddot ti ve to thc Trebull traent of risonors
of middotmiddotr done bullmiddott r-cnev on th6 27tli July 1929
(hertinrfter cbullllod the Genev Convention~)
lthoulI pmiddot n did not rbull tify thamp s id Convenshy
tion it bocmiddotne bindinr upon her for one or more of
the folobulling recsons
() It ws sipned on tho srid dmiddotte by or on
beh~lf of forty-seven n tions including
J middotmiddot n middot nu ch of the n tions bri~ging
the cr-rres in this Indlctmnt -nd
rrtified bJ over fdrty n~tions -nd thus
becmiddotmc nrrt or evitiLnce of the Lr~s -nd
Customs of r
( b) corm1uniclttion d ted tho 29th J~nur ry
1942 silned by 10GC Shigunori one of
the bullccused middot s For~ign l~nister on boh~lf
of Jp n ~ddresscd to the swiss inister
in Tokyo contr-incd the following stbulltement
middotlthough not bound by the 0onvention
r_1middot tiv to the Trtmiddot tment of ~middotrisoner~
of r middotJrpmiddotbulln will bullply mutmiddot tis
~1ltmiddot ndis the revisions of thmiddot t
Convcnticn to middotmericn prison~rs of
r In cocununicmiddot tion d- tesd on or - bout ths
- 107 shy
JOth January 1942 addressed to the
Argentine middotinister n Tokllo by TOGO
Shigenori one of the accused es Foreign
middotinister on behalf of- Japan it is stated
The Imperial Government has not yet
ratified the Convention of 27th July
1929 regarding the treatment of prisshy
oners of er They are not therefore
subject to the said Conventionmiddot None
the less trey will anply mutatis
mutendis the conditions of ihet Conshy
vention to English (enedien iustrelmiddot
ien end Jew Zeeland prisoners of war
in their power bullmiddotbull1th regard to suppl
of food and clothin~ to prisoners of
war they will consider on condition
of recinrocity national and racial
custous of the prisoners
By the said comr1unications or one of them
Japan acceded to the seid Convention in
accordence 1dth rticle 95 thereof and
the state of war then existin~ gave inmedshy
iate effect to such accession
middot (_c) The said comiunicetions constituted assurshy
ances to the United States of merica the
United Lingdor1 of Great Britain and North~
Irelane Canada ~ustralia ampnd iiew Zealan
to whoee governments the said coumanicetio
were intended to bb end Nere repeuted by
the raspectivemiddot~ecipients thereof adin
each case to ell nations who were at war
- 108 shy
with Japan
Except in the said natters there are no proshy
visions of tte said Geneva Convention to which the
expression mutatis mutandismiddotbull could properly be
applied
J The International Convention for the meliorshy
ation of the londition of the tmiddotounded and S1ck in
~rmies n the ~ield done at Geneva on the 27th July
1929 ( known as and hereinafter called I the Red Crost
Conventionbulll provides (inter alia) as follews
rrticle 26 The Corunenders-in-Chief of bellig
erent armies shall arrange the details for
carrying out the preceding articles as well as
for cases no~ provided for in accordance with
the instructions of their respective Government
and in conformity with the general principles
of the presampnt Convention ~
Japsn was a party to the said Convention
together with over forty other nations which ttus
becane art or evidence of the lavs an~ middotustorns of
ar In the above-mentioned coilllunicrtion deted on
or about the 29th January 1942 Japan stated
Jspon obs1rves strictly the Ganeva Convention
of 27th July 1929 rulstivs to the R~d Cross
as a state sign1tory of that Convtntion
cAommunicetion dated tblgt 13th Februar 1942
l~ shy
signed by TCG0 1 Shigenori one of the accused as
Foreign l-inister on behalf of Jspe_n addressed to
the swiss Jlinlster in okyo contained the_followlng
statement
The Imperial Government TAill apply during the
present war on con~ltlon of reciprocity the
provisions relative totbe treatment of prisonshy
ers of war of the 27th July 1929 to enemy
civilian internees as fer as applicable to
them enc prQvided that labour will not be
imposed u~on-them contrary to their free choic~
The said communlcetion constituted en assurshy
ance to ell the nations et wer with Je~an (who in
fact carried out the provisions of the said Convenshy
tfon es aplice ble to Jaamiddotnese clvi lien internees)
other then tra Republic ef Chine
The above-mentioned assurances were rereated by
the_ Japanese Foreign inistrymiddot on several occasions
as r~cently as tne 26th i-ay 1943
Epound~cbull11ns CF B1E~CrEs shy
All the offences are oreeches of the Laws end
Custolls of er in ec1dition to end es proved in
pert by the several -~rticles of the Conventions end
assurences specifically nentioned
SEClION NJE
Inhumane treatment contrary imiddotn each ease te
Article 4 of the said Anne_x to the said RagJlbull Conven
- 110 shy
tion end the whole of the said Geneva Convention end
to the s~id assurances In addition to the inhumane
treatment alleged in SectionsTwo to Six hereof
inclusive which are incorporated iri this Sacti6n
prisoners or war end civilian internees were murdere~
beaten tortured and otherwise ill-treated and
female prisoners were raped by members of the
Japanese forces
SECTICN TWO bull
Illegal employnent of prisoner of war labour middotcontrary in each case to rticle 6 of the said Annex
to the said Hague Convention end to ~art III of the
said Geneva Convention end to the said assurances
The said emuloyment was illegal in that
(a) prisoners or war were enployed on work
having connection end direct connection
with the operations of war
(b) prisoners of warwere employed on work for
which they ere hysicelly unsmiddot~ited and
on ~1ork which was unhealthy end dangerous
(c) the duration of daily work wee excessiye
end rrisomiddot1ers middot I-ere not allowed rests of
twenty-four middotconsecuti va hours in each week
(d) conmiddotditions of work wer rendered more
arduous ty c1lsclplinery measures
(e) prisoners were kapt end compalled to work
in unhce lthy cliretEgts end dangerous zones
end without sufficient food clothing or
toots
- 111 ~
SCTI CN Tl-R EE
Refusal sne ftbullilure to raintaln prisoners of
wer contrary tomiddot Article 7 of the said Annex to the
said Heeue Convention and ~rticle 4 end Pert III
trticlai 9 - 12 inclusive of the said Geneva Convenshy
tion and to t~amiddot seid assurances
C~ine to differences ~f netionel and reciel
custo~s the food end ~lothing supplied to the
la~enese troops were even when supplied to rrisonerr
of wor belonging to the white races insufficient
to tiointsin them Adequete food end clothing were
not SUP lied either in ecc9rdance with the said
Conv3nt1ons or the said essurences
The structural end sEnitary conGi tion of the
cc~ps end labour detachments f~iled entirely to
COR)ly with the stid ~rticlee and Yltse extremely
bed unhealth~middot end inadequate
Yashilll ent drinking facilities were inEdequete
end bed
S~TICN FCllR
Excessive and illegal punis~ment of risonars
of war contrery tq Article 8 of the said ~nnex to
the said Hague Convention end to rert III Section
V Chapter) of the said Geneva Convention and tc
the said assurances
(o) Prisoners of ~er ~ere killed beaten and
tortured vithout trial or investigetion of
any kind for alleged offences
(b) such uneuthorlzed punlsbments ware inflict
ed for alleged offences wtlch even if
- 112 shy
proved were not under the seid Conventionis
offences et middoten
(cl collective punishments were imposedmiddot for
individual alleged offences
(d) priscners were sentenced to punishment
more severe then imprisonment for thiity
days t9r stteQpting to escape
(el conditions ot the trial ot prisoners did
not conforn to those laid down in the seid
Chapter
(f) conditions ot lllprisonm~nt ot prisoners
sentenced did not conform to those laid
down in the said Chapter bull
sectCTIlt JrIVE
istreetment or the sick end wounded meicsl
personnel end ferale nurses contrary to Articles 3
14 15 end 25 of the seid Geneva Convention end
rticles 1 9 10 end 12 ot the seid Jee Cross Conshy
vention end to the said assurences
(el Officers end soldiers who were wounded or
sick medical personnel chaplains and
~ersonnel of voluntary aid Societies were
not respected or protected but were
murdered ill-treated end neglected
(b) medical personnel chaplains and personnel
er voluntary aid Societies were ~rongfully
retained in ~apenese hende
(cl female nurses were raped L1urdered and
ill-treated
(d) camps did not possess infirmaries and
- 113 shy
seriously sicJt prisoners ena those requirshy
ing illportant surical treatrent were not
edmittea to ~iliiary or civil institutions
qualifieG to treat them
(e) monthly t1edical inspections were not
arranged
(f) sick and wounded prisoners were transferred
elthou~h their reccvery-was prejudiced by
their journeys bull
S-0CTJO SIX
HuniIiation of prisoners of war ampnd especially
officersi contrary to trticle 8 of tha said Annex to
the said Hafue Conveurontion ana Articles 2 J 18 21
22 and 27 of the seid Geneva Convention and to tbe
seic assurances
(a) Prisoners were aeliberctely ~ept ana nade
to work ~n territories occ~riea by Japan
for the purrose ormiddotex~osing them to thb
nsults end curiosity of the inh~bitants
(bl prisoners in Tapen and in occuried tershy
ritories including officers were compelshy
led to orlt on rampnial tasls and exposed to
l)UbUc view
( c) officer ~r isoners vere -clacect rnaer the
control of ron-commissionea cifictrs and
private soldiers end oonp llLd to selute
them sr6 to wort
Refusel or feilure to collect en trensrnit
- 111 shy
informrtion rrerdinf rrisoners (fmiddot war end rGplies
to enquiriGs on tto subject centrer~ to trticle 14
of the seid Annex tc the seid Pague Convention end
to ~rticles 8 eqd 77 of the seid rsneva Ccnvention
and to the sEid assurances
Proper records were not kept nor inforfileshy
tion supplied es requirLd by the said
rrticles and the riost lmpcrtFnt of such
records as vorc kept were delibLrotely
distroyed
S~CIO rmiddotyenJ
Obstructions of the rirhts of the rrotectine
rowers of RLd Cross Socioties of prisonors of war
end of thair reprcs~nt~tives contrary to rticlc 15
of the seid bnncx to t~e s~id Pcfua Convention ana
t~ lticles Jl 42 44 78 Ln~ 86 of the said cneva
Convention end t9 tho said assurances
( o) The rrnrc sntti vcs of tha bullrotectj ng
Power ( Svd tZerlind) viere refused or not
rrsnt(d pmiddotroission to visit camns rnd
access to premises occupiod by prisoners
(b) vhcn suet rornlssion was gr11nttd ttr were
not allowod to hold conversetion with
prisoners without witnesses or ct ell
(c) on such occasions conditions in eo11ps w_r
dcc(ptively pr_pbrod to apbullepoundir btter thin
nor~1~l rnC rrisomrs wrr thrsttoned with
punishment if thy cornrleincd
(d) prisonErs ampnd th~ir rcprasant~tivss weru
not ellowGd to lllku complaints rs to the
- 115 shy
neturv or -their work or otherwhe or to
correspond rreelmiddot with the nilitery eit~iorshy
ities or tle rrotectin owampr
(e) Red CroEs ~ercels end nail were withheld
Erlloyinf ~oison contrary to the _lnternstionsl
Declaration resiiectin7 Asr-hyxistinf (bulleses siened by
( inter elia) Japen Pnc China st The Hague on the 29th
July 1899 and to ~rticle 2J(a) or the said Annex
to the said Es~ue Convention ane to ftrticle 171 of
the Tremiddotety otmiddotVerseilles
In the w~r~ of Japan ereinst the bullbullerublic
of Cline poison gas was lSed- Ttiis
elleretion is confined to thetmiddot country
smiddotcrr0r~ Tirr
illine enemies who tsvn laid down their
arms Qr no longer tevinr 1esns middotf defence had
surrenderec et discretion contrerr to ~rticle 23( t
of ~he sdlt Annex to this soid Eemiddot u~ Convention
Destruction or cneri rogterty without mlliterJ
Justificeticn or necessit~ end rillege contrary to
rticles2J(1d 2~ end 47 of the seid Annex to tbe
said Haguu Conventic-n
Failure to resrcct iani~middot honcur ed rights
ind V iduel lifEJ r-r1vE ti procrtr end rclifOUS
- 116 -middot
convictions and worship middot111 occ11phd territories and
denortation and ensl~vement ot tte inhabitants
thereof contrery to flrticle 46 or th~ said nnnex to
the said llegue Conventionmiddot end to the Laws end Customs
ot er
Large numbers ct the inhabitants ot such
territories were murdered torturto~ raped
End otherwise ill-treated arrested and
interned without Justificationmiddot sent to
reread labour ano tlir property destroyd
or cont1scotcd
SECTIC~ FT~T
E1111111 survivors ot shipsmiddot sunk by neval action
end crews of cspt11rd snirs contrary to rtich 16
ot irefrue Convention rro io ot 1907
Failure to rcsp0ct ~111tary hospital ships
contrary to ftrticle 1 01 the lEFt-mention0d Convenshy
tion and unleltul use of JamiddotJcnce bosPi ti l ships
centrer to trticles 6 ~ne 8 theraor
XTI crbull PTTn
~ttacks and especially ampttecs ~ithout due
wirning ution noutrl ships
- 117 bull
Statement of Individual Responsibility for Crimes Set Cut in the Indictment
The stetenents hereinefter set forth following
the nerle of each individual Defendant constitute
matters unon which the Frosecution will rely inter
elie as establishin~ the individual responsibility
of tbe Defendants It is charged against each of the Defendants
that he usad the po-er and nrestige of the position
which he held end his rersonel influence in such a
manner that he pro~oted and carried out the offences
set out in each Count of this Indictment in which
his name ap~eers
It is charged against each of the Defendants
that during the periods hereinafter set out against
his nnle he was one of those responsible for all the
acts and omissions of the various Governments of
which he bullas a member and of the various civil
military or naval organizations in vhich he held fl
position of autbcrity
It is crargad against each of the nefendants
as sho~n by the nurnb6rs fiven aftisr bis nalle that
he was ~resent at nr ccncurree in tte dacisions
taken at sole of the conferences end cabinet reetings
leld on or about tte follovinf dates in 1941 which
decisions prepared 1or end led to unlawful war on
7th8th Dece~ber 1941
1 25th June 1941 (Liaison)
2 26th June 1941 (liaison)
J 27th Junt 1941 ( L1a1middotsmiddotcn)
- 118 shy
4 28th June 1941 (Liaison)
5 )0th June 1941 (Supreme Yor Council)
6 2nd July 1941 (Imperial)
1 7th August 1941 (Thought Control Council)
s 22nd August 1941 (Cebinet)
9 6th September 1941 (I1rp6r1al)
10 17th October 1941 ( x-Ireniers)
11 26th iovcnber 1941 ( Liaison)
12 29th 1ovember 1941 (x-Prenier s)
1) 1st December 1941 (Imperial)
14 1st Decenber 1941 (Cabinet)
ARAKI
The Defendant ARAYI bet~een 1926 and 1945 was
amonr other ~s1tions held- Chief of General Affe1ri
Department of the ~ffice or Inspector General or
111tarr Training ( 1931) lin1ster of er under
Inukai end Seito (December 19)1 to July 19)4) e
full General (19))) ember or the Supreae Yer
Council ( 19)4 to 19)6) ember or the Cab1nt
Advisory Council on China (19)7) dacetlon dnister
under ronoye soc then under vrv111middot~ (ley 19)8 to
August 19)9) iember or thE Cabinet ~dvisory
Council (1940)
he D6fondent rc1-nmiddot 1 1 between 1928 enl 194S
we s enoni- other pr id t lone t e 1 d - ColllLlander of the
Special Service Section ln 1snchur1s (September
19)1) Peyor of ukdn ( 5pter1ber to Cctobcr 19Jl)
attached to heedlt1ucrters lwentunr Army ( 19)))
- 119
Chiet Adviser to the rortt China autonooous Govarnshy
111ent Colllllnc5er-in-Chlef reienese 5th Jrri Janchurie
(1938 to 1940) Suprene 1middoter Councillor (1940 to
1943) Inepector Qenerel ot 1111tery lvietion (1941)
tull renerel (April 1941) Cmmendemiddotr-in-Chiet
Eestern Army in l11en (1943)_Ciu1Snder ot the 7th
Aree 11r1111 et Slgeriore (1944 to 1945) Inspector
renerel 111tory Trelninl (A~ril 1945)
Conterenoes- s
he )efe1~dent ~middot~~rITI between 1928 and 1945
was erionmiddot other Gsitions held- etteched rmy
Cenerol Steff Cl9JJ) retired fro-n Army (Pebruery
1936) author cf Iecleretons cf E~gtFr OTO iingoro
(1936) re-entered the Army (1937) commended en
rtillerr Pegillent et the Ree cf llnmiddottdn (1937)
in corlland of Jeranese forces which shelled the
ladybird and the -aney (1937) author of a l~rge
number ot books articles in ~lc iragezine Tai ye
Dd tippon en6 oter rublicE tions end ~utlic
speeclef ell advCcting agrress~ ve wEirfere member
of e nu~ber of societies fer the 1nst1get1on of army
control over ~~11tics end furtherance er er~ressiva
~1erfre proroter of e nunber o lets designed tcshy
renove poll ti clans lti oft lcers Ylhoo he did not
consider sufficiently eecreiEve middote frunder of the
T~~~ (194n) elected to the Lcwer rouse of the
fjit 1194)
- 120 shy
The Detendent f beheen 1928 and 1945 was
aronr other CS1 t1ons held- D1v1s 1onal Colllander in
l-encbur1 (1933) Chlet o ~rmy ~v1at1on Department
( 1935) C=ander or tts Taiwan trmy ( 1936 to 1937)
Inapector reneraLet bull111tary Ecucatlon and L1eJ1be~
ot the S1~1rene tar Council ( tugust 1937 l a full
General (Februa~y 1937) Colroander-1n-Ch1et of the
Jltxped1t1onary Force in Central China (February 1938)middot
ember ot the 3uDrez-e bullmiddoter Council ( January 1939l
middot-er llinlster under be ( ugust 1939 to Januery 1940)
Ccmmander-1n-Ch1et ot the ~xped1t1onary Force 1n
Central Chna (Tuly 1940 to 1944) iel6 lershall bullend ember of the JloCrd ot Jarshele aad d1irels
(June 1944) Insgtector General ot 111tery Sducetion
(Novenber 1944)
PIR 1~
he Defendant -1 middot r between middot1928 end 1945
was among ctler nositlons held- Founder ot the
Yokuhonsta end resident frcir 1926 to 1936 Vice
resident ot Jrlvi Coulc11 (1930 to 1936) rresldent
ot r1vy Council (1936 to 1939) rrLe nnister
( January to middotugust 1939) 1-lnister middot1i thout -middotortfollc
under Konoye and tor a time Eome inister and later
V1ce-remier (July 1940 to Cctrber 1941) ie~ber of
~bought Control Council ueust 141) ires1dent
rrivy Cou~cil (1945)
Conferrnces- l234b7612
- 121 shy
The Defendant PIROT between 1928 end 1945 was
eronr ether Oitlons held- mbeesedor to the Union
or2ov1et Socialist Re~ubl1cs (19JO) Foreign
l~in1eter (Septenber 193) to July 1934) under Saito
end F-ro111 July 1934 to 1arch 1936 under Okede Pr1me
Unister and tor a tine Forei11n i-anitter concurrentli
Wsrch 19)6 to February 19J7) Foreign Jinister under
Yonoye (June 1937 toay 19J8) et1ber or tM
Cabinet middotdvisory C1uncll (1940)
Conrerences- 1012
lOliWO
The Derendent rcsrrrc between 1928 end 1945 bullas snonr other rositions h~ld- Chier General middotrrsirs
Puresu of the Finance Derartment ofbull the i-Snchukuo
Government (19J2) Chief or ~enersl middotrrairs in the
P1nsnce Inistry o anchulrno ( 1934) Vice anister
Finampnce in the ~middotencl ukuo ~cv~rnment ( 1936) Chier
renual ffairs uruu in tho ational middotrrampirs crric
or 1middotanchukuo ( December 1936) Chief of roneral
bullrreirs in lanctutuo (July 1938) =resident or the
Ilannnr Peard enc later 1n1ster without gtortfolio
under l~onoye ( July 1940 to rrll 1941) Chiampf
secretary and Iinieter or 3tate under TClC ( Cctcber
16th 1941 tc July 1944) dviser tc Finance inietrj
(December 1944)
Ccnfersncee- 1114
ITGH
The Defendant IT 11middotI botween 1928 end 1945 wes
- 122 shy
among other rositions heldbull full Colonel 1wentung
Jrm (1929) l~jor General i~wentung trny (1932)
Vice CUet of Steff Kwentung ~rllJbull ( 19J4) Coiunender
5th Division in ~hine (arch 1937) Chief of Steff
1wantune rmy (1936 to 1937) attached to Headquarshy
ters General Start (middotay 1937 ar lln1ster under
Yonoye end HI1~1lJ~ tror~ Jule 1938 to -UpoundUSt 1939
and concurrently resident of the Ianchuriari middotrra1rs
~ureau of the Cebinet Chief of Sterr Japanese middotrmy
in Chine (Se~tember 1939) full General (July 1941)
Commender epenese ray in Iarea (July 1941 to
1945) Uunber of ~upreme imiddoter Council (1943) Comshy
Jlllnder 7th middotrea middotrm in ltin~epore (pr11 1945)
Y The Defendant rmiddotvmiddot between 1928 anamiddot1945 was
among other positions held- yhiet Secretary Finance
Uinietry (1934) mnister of igtinence t June 1937 to
ray 1938) under Konoye on the middotdvieory Ccmmittee
China middottteire lloard (J9J9) resident North China
Developrient Company (19J9 to 1941) P-inence linister
under To-c ( June 1941 to February 1944l Director
IR gtS (1944)
Conferences- 11121314
ICIDO
the Defendant LIDO between 1928 end 1945 wee
among other positions bald- Chief Secretary to the
Lord hampeper of the Priv~ Seal (19JO) Education
Minister under Ionoye ( 1937) Velfare -iinister under
Yonoye (1938) Home Iinieter under hIR PUil 11939)
- 123 shy
Lord Keeper or the Privy Seel (1940middotto 1945) chief
oonfidentiel advisor to the Lmperor and presided et
meetinrs or Ex-rreciers
Conferences- 1012
KU~tR
The Defendant 1I1JR middot between 1928 and 1945 wu
eMon11 other CS1t1ons ~eld- Chief or Starr 1wantung
middotrmy ( 1940) Vice er linister under 1onoye ampnd TCJO
(1941 to lebruer- 1944) lirnber uprece er Council
(194)) Commflder in Chief Japanese rmy Burma
(1944) full General (1945)
YCISC
The Defendant KCISO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- Director lilitery
middot ffairs flureeu of tl6 iar linistry (19)0) Vice
War inister und-er Inukai ( 19)2) Chief or etaff
Ywantunr middotmiddotmiddotmy (19)2 to 1934) ColllilBnder Jenampnese
middotrcy Korea_ (19)5 to 19)6) a full General (19)7)
Overseas inister under BI l1 (19)9) end under
ona1 (1940) Governor General 1oree (Iay 1942)
rime l1nlstir ( uly 1914 to pril 194S)
~TSbullTI
The Defendant ~~TstI between 1928 and 1945 was
8llOilF other rosltions heldbull Re)resentetive of the
Japanese ~rmy at the Geneva Conference (19)1) 1lerober
of the upreme iar Council (arch 19))) a full
General (19JJ) a founder of the Greater ~est Asia
Society (19JJ) Commender-in-Chief Japanese forces
- 124 shy
in Centrel Chine (Cctober 1937 to February 1938)
Hember ot the Cabinet dvisory Council (July 1938
to Januari 1940) Adviser to the Asia Pronotion
FeGeration (1940) Aeviser to the rreeter East Asia
Affairs Section or the r~~J (1943) rresident or
the Creater East Asia Davelopient ~ociety (1944)
lllSTCYA
The Defendant middotrSTTCJAbetween 1928 end 1945
was erJOlF other Ositions held- cier Delegate to
the League or etions ~ssembly ( 1933) ~resident ot
the 1-outh lPnorurien =teilwer (19J5 to 1939) Hember
or the c~binet bulldvisory Council (1940) Foreign
linister middot under onoye ( July 1940 to July 1941)
author ot ~show Restcretion (1938) end other books
end articles and ~ublic speeches advocating aggresshy
sive warfare
Conferences- 12~346
rn~bull1t
The Defendant INt~ between 1928 end 1945 was
P~ong other ~ositions held- Commander Japanese
rm Korea I1929) Ver iniampter under bullTekatsulci
(l-ril 193_1 to Lecember 1931) 5uprame 1er Councillor
( 1931 to 1934) Coanender-in-Chief Kvantung rmy
( 1934 to 19J6) Governor Cenerl of 1oree ( 1936 to
1942) Jenber or tle rmiddotriv~ Council ( 1942 to 1945)
~resident or the l~liticel tssocietion of Greet
Taren (1945)
- 125 shy
tTO
The Defendant lUTO between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held- Instructor et the
ilitsry lttoff College (19)0 to 19)2) Senior Otticer
ot the rilitery ~ttairs Bureau of the Her inistry
(19)5 to 19)6) Chief ot a section ot the General
st111tt ( 1937) attached Headquarters Starr Central
China bullrmy (1Lgust 19)7) Colonel attached to
1wantung bullrmy Headquarters Ctlet ot the llilitsry
ftairs Eureau ( October 19)9 to pril 1942 l
colllllsnded 2nd Guards Division in Sumatra (194))
C~iet ot Steft or the 14th ree middotrmy in the rhilishy
ppines under Gener~l Ycmashite (October 1944)
Conferences- 12346911lJ
The Defendant 1rmiddotcmiddotn0 between 1928 end 1945 was
1mong other J)ositions held- Vice Chief Nevel
General 3teft (1930) Delegate to the Geneve Pavel
Conference ( 1931) Lember Supreme 1er Council ( 19JJ)
full dmirel (1934) Chief Delegate to London Naval
Conference (19)5) Navy 1inister under HIROT~ (Mer ch
1936 to February 19)7) _ Ccmmen~ar-in-Chiet ot
Conbined Fleet (19)7) Hember of Supreme er Council
(1940) Chiet of Navel General Steff (April 1941 to
February 1944) Supreme Yaval Adviser to the iLperor
tram February 1944
Conferences- l2J469lllJ
or~
The Defendant CFA between 1928 enG 1945 was
- 126 shy
BllOne other ~ositions held- on the Vevel Generil
Sterr (1930) section Cbie1 Generel end uilitery
Atteirs Pureau of tbe bullavy (1938) Cbie1 General
and llltery ftelrs Bureaux ot the lmiddotavy_ (October
1940 to August 1944) Vice Adlral ( 1942) Vice
Navy Hinster (20 July 1944) under 1crso Commandershy
1n-Cbie1 Ch1nka1- (Korea) tavel Stetlon (Septeriber
1944 to June 1945)
Conferences- 1234691113
The Defendant OKAVA between 1928 and 1945 was
eflong otner rositlons held- Director GeMtral of
the iest ~sis Research nstitute of the South
lenct-urien 1e1lwe rroll 1926 en orcsnizer of tte
ukden Incicent (Se-ptember 18th 1931) author of
t temiddotSnese Fistory Reeder (1935) enci 01 books
articles encl sreEeches advocatine aggressive war tormiddot
the expulsicn by force ot the wtit~ races from Asiamiddot
OSHD~
middotThe Jefendent C~~IM_ between 1928 end 194i 11es
llllong other rostlons held - ~llltery ttache in
Berlin (1936) tllbassedor tc ~ermeny (October 1938
to Octobe~ 1939) and egeln fron February 1941 to
rrril 1945
S 1TC
The Defendant SC b~tveen 1928 and 1945 was
among other Csitions held- Instructor rny Gonerel
Steff Colloga (1935) sttecbed to the ilitery middot-L middot
- 127 shy
bulltta1rs Bureau ot thfl Har ~1n1str~ enler or the
lenn1ng Poard (1937 to 19)8) Chief ot the 1111 tery
tta1rs Section ot the i111tery middottte1rs Auresu ot
themiddotrer r1n1stry (Februer3 1941 to middotpril 1942)
ISJor G6nerel (October 1941) Chiflt ot ilitary
tta1rs Pureau ot the tmiddoter 1n1stry ( pr11 1942 to
December 1944) Lieutenant Genpoundral (arch 1945)
the Defendant FGllITSU batveen 1928 and 1945
WEIS oiong other positions 1eld - l1nistEr to China
(1931) Vice lorolcn lnister under Saito and Cikede
(1933 to 19)6) cbessador to the Tnion ot 3ov1et
Socialist Relulillcs Wovemb6r 1936 to Nov61ilb6r 1938)
middotibessftor to t-re6t Britain ( 1938 to June 1941)
middotrebassedor to the 1-Tanltinr i_lrgtPet JovernnLnt (Decmb3r
1941 to Jril 1943) Foreitn inister under_ TOlO
( bullyr11 194) to July 1944) and Fordgn rinister and
concurrently linister for Greiter est sia under
KCI~O (July 1944 to hril 1945)
SHIWDA
The Detendent SRilJDA betveen 1928 nd 1945
was ar1ong other positions talC- Chier ot 5tatt
Combined Fleet (1930) Vice CMet revel General
Steft ( 1935 to 1937) Comlander of the econd Fleetmiddot
(December 19)7) COIJll8nder Chine Fleet (ay 1940)
full Admiral (1940) -ev_y inister under TClC (Cctoshy
ber 1941) appointed tc Su~reme middotmiddoter Cc=c1l (1944)
Chiet ot ravel General 3teft (February to July 1944)
Conferences- 12i314
bull 128 shy
SHIRATOR
The Defendant $IRAT0RI between 1928 and 1945
was eeong other positions held- Chief or Intorlll8shy
tion Bureau or the loreien Office ( 1930 h ~inister
to sweden orwar Denmark Finland (1936) Ambasbull
aador to Italy (1939) Adviser Japanese Foreign
Office (1940) author of an article in Conte~porary
Japan po1nt1ni_r out the necessity of a World Conflict
to establishmiddotthe llew Order in Asia (hpr11 le
1941) Director IR~Ps (1943)
suzmr
The Defendant SUZ~IYI between-1928 end 1945 was
among other middotpositions held- Lember of the middot111 tery
ffsirs Section or the War Iinistry middot(19Jl) attached
to the Bureau or ~litary ffairs of the ~er Departshy
ment (19J3) Official ot the Investigation Bureau
or the Cabinet (193S) Regimental Col11118nder of the
14th Regiment (1936) Chiefmiddot or the Political Affairs
Division or the Chine ~fairs Poard (December 19J8
to lpril 1941) actill8 Director General thereof
in 1940 middotrreeid~nt ot the Cabinet Planning Board
end Iinieter without orttolio (pr11 1941 to
Cctober 1943) under Konoye and T0ir Cabinet dviser
(Noveriber 1943 to Se~tember 1944) Director or the
IR 1bullbull t (1944)
Conrerances- 689111314
TOGO
The Defendant TOGO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- i~beesedor to (eroany
bull 129
(October 1937) Ambassador to tlll Obion ot Soviet
Socialist Republics (October 1938) Foreign Minister
and Minister for overseas Affairs under TOJO (October
1941 to )larch 1942) Foreign Xinist er and Kini st er
or Greater East Asia WJier SUZUKI (April 1945)
Conterences1- 11121314
TOJ01
The Detendlllt TOJO betireen 1928 ani 1945 was
among Other pos1tions held- Head ot the First
Section or the General Start (1931 to 1932) Chiet
or the Investigation Section or the Am7 Communica-
tions School (1932) Col11111ll1der or the Xilitar7
Police or the Kwantung Ann7 (1935) Chief or Starr
Kwantung Arrrrr (1937) Vice War Minister under
Konoye (Xay to Decenber 1938) Director General or
111litary Aviation (1938 to 1939) far llinb ter umer
Konoye (Julr 1940 to Decelligter 1941) tull General
(October 1940) Prime Ministerand war Minister
concurrentlr (December 2 1941 to Julr 1944) shy
during which period he was also at tirnea Rome
K1n1ster Minister or Jlunitlona and Chier or
General Starr
Conterences1bulll23456S9ll121314
UKEZUI
The Defendant UIIEZU between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held1- Chier or the General
Affairs Depart~~t ot thll War K1n1strr (1931)
Commander of the Japanese Forces 1n China (1934)
Vice war J1n1ster under HIROT Barash and Xonore
(Karch 1936 to Mar 1938) Comnanter of the Kwan tung
Armr and Ambassador to Manchukuo (1939 to 1944)
tull General (1940) Chief or General start (Jul7
1944 to 1945)
bullbull 11011bull 150 shy
- ANNEXES
-
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
-
- A-1 THE POTSDAM DECLARATION
- A-1-a JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-b REPLY BY SECRETARY OF STATE TO JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-c FINAL JAPANESE ACCEPTANCE
- A-2 INSTRUMENT OF SURRENDER
- A-3 MOSCOW CONFERENCE AGREEMET
- A-4 SPECIAL PROCLAMATION ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-5 CHARTER OF THE INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-6 INDICTMENT
-
- GROUP ONE CRIMES AGAINST PEACE
-
- Count 1
- Count 2
- Count 3
- Count 4
- Count 5
- Count 6
- Count 7
- Count 8
- Count 9
- Count 10
- Count 11
- Count 12
- Count 13
- Count 14
- Count 15
- Count 16
- Count 17
- Count 18
- Count 19
- Count 20
- Count 21
- Count 22
- Count 23
- Count 24
- Count 25
- Count 26
- Count 27
- Count 28
- Count 29
- Count 30
- Count 31
- Count 32
- Count 33
- Count 34
- Count 35
- Count 36
-
- GROUP TWO MURDER
-
- Count 37
- Count 38
- Count 39
- Count 40
- Count 41
- Count 42
- Count 43
- Count 44
- Count 45
- Count 46
- Count 47
- Count 48
- Count 49
- Count 50
- Count 51
- Count 52
-
- GROUP THREE CONVENTIONAL WAR CRIMES AND CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY
-
- Count 53
- Count 54
- Count 55
-
- APPENDICES
-
- APPENDIX A SUMMARIZED PARTICULARS
-
- SECTION 1 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN MANCHURIA
- SECTION 2 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN THE REST OF CHINA
- SECTION 3 ECONOMIC AGGRESSION IN CHINA AND GREATER EAST ASIA
- SECTION 4 METHODS OF CORRUPTION AND COERCION IN CHINA AND OTHER OCCUPIED TERRITORIES
- SECTION 5 GENERAL PREPARATION FOR WAR
- SECTION 6 THE ORGANIZATION OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FOR WAR
- SECTION 7 COLLABORATION BETWEEN JAPAN GERMANY AND ITALY AGGRESSION AGAINST FRENCH INDO-CHINA AND THAILAND
- SECTION 8 AGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION
- SECTION 9 JAPAN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA THE COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILLIPPINES AND THE BRITISH COMMONWEALTH OF NATIONS
- SECTION 10 JAPAN THE KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS AND THE REPUBLIC OF PORTUGAL
-
- APPENDIX B LIST OF ARTICLES OF TREATIES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUO ONE AND TWO
- APPENDIX C LIST OF OFFICIAL ASSURANCES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUP ONE
- APPENDIX D INCORPORATED IN GROUP THREE
- APPENDIX E STATEMENT OF INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR CRIMES SET OUT IN THE INDICTMENT
-
tccept S1r the renewed r ssurrnces ot my
highest considerrtion
lh() Fonorcble J~mes f Byrnes s Grossll secret~ry ot Stete
Cherge d 1ttl ires ~d interim ot SW1 tzerlcnd
- 6 shy
JlliEX NO J-1-b
JUDGlENT
INT1RNTIONL IILITay TRIBUNAL FOF THI FJR ElST
REPLY BY SECPLTRY OF STTE TO JJPfuESE CULIFIED ieCCEPTJjCJE
Auust 11 1915
Sir1
I hnve the honor to ~cknowledre receipt of y)ur
note of Auust 10 nnd in rc~ly to inforri you thrt
the Prcsitent of th lnitcd Sttes h~s directed rie
to send to you f~r trrnsrrission by y)ur r0vcrnncnt
to the JlJnese G)vern1ent the follminp r-essire In
brmiddothnlf of the Govcrnncnts of the United Strtcs the
Uni tcd Kinrdoo the Union of Sovkt $)cidist
neublics rnd Chinni
1th rcpr-rd to the Jr-rncgtsc Governricntbulls
rcmiddotSS1fe lCCPtinp the tcri-s ~f the Fotsdri roclcshy
mrti 1n but Cmiddotgtntdninp the strtfmcnt 1 with the
understinclinp thot the stid dcclnr~tion dx s not
comprise rny deoond which rejudicesmiddot the prerontives
or His Majesty cs P sovcrcirn ruler 1 our rosition
is ns folloi-1s1
Fr)ri the riomc-nt of surrender the ruthrity
of the- Er1perr nd the Jnnesc Govcrrnirnt to rule
the stotc s~all be subject to the Surei-~ Clrinrnder
or the llied iov1crs who v1ill t-ke such sters rs he
decr-s roper to cffc ctute the surrender tcrlbullS
The Emperor will be requirec1 to riuth0rize ond
c-nsure thpound sir-nature by the Govcrnrient of Jrrrn nd
the Jn~onese Irirerinl General Hrndqurrtcrs of the
- shy
surrender terns necessary to ccrry out tho proshy
visions ot the ctsdan r~cleretion and shell issue
his couiands to ell tte ~aanesa llilitcr- mvcl
end eir authorities en~ to ell the forces under
th~ir control whoravor locrtod to cease octiva
opcrctions rnd to surrender their trns cnd to
issue suet- otter orders ts tte 3urrelle Cor1itndor
n y relulre to -ltive effect to the surrender terms
Ifll~dietelmiddot unon the surrsnder tho Jarenese
Governnent shell trcnsort rtscners of Vii r end
clvilim int ornees to pleces of s foty cs directd
whera thQ~ cen quickly bb plLced cboerd Allied
trrnsrorts
ThG ultiwt forr1 of eovernnont of Jcpcn
sh~ll in occcrdtnce with the ~otsdcm Decl~rrtion
be cstablisbcd by the freely cxrressed ~111 of tho
Jcpampnesa ~~oplc
Th rr1Gd forces of the Allied iowers will
re r-ln in s--n until the bullurroros set forth in the
otsd~ll declerr tion ore 1middotchlcved
Acccrt Sir the ronewad rssuronces of ry
highest consider~tion
r middotox r-rnssli Ctrge d Jffioires fd Interpound of
Switzcrlnd
- 8 shy
1JU1EX NO 1-1-c
JUDGIENT
INTERNJTIONL MILITARY TRIBUNiL FOR TEE FJR EAST
FINbL JbPIJESE ACCEPTANCE
LBGATION DE SUISSE bullwASHINGTON DC
Aurust 14 1945
Sir1
I have the h~nlr to refer to ylur note of
Aurust 11 in which you requested me to trcnsmit to
oy Government the re~ly ~f the Govcr=nts lf the
United st~tes the United Kinrdom the Union or
Slviet Slcialist Rc~ublics end Chine to the ressape
frlm the Jcpcneso a~vcrnoent which wcs com~unicntcd
in my n~te of August 10
lt 2010 todoy (Swiss Tine) the Jnpcnese
Minister to Switzcrlcnd conveyed the followiflishy
written strtclient to the Swiss Govcrnoent for trrnsshy
1issiln to the four Allied Glvnnmcnts1
Comtiunicrtion of the J~rrnesc Governnent
of Aurust 14 1945 cddressed to the Governoents
of the Unitcd Stetes Greet Britain the Slviet
Union ~nd Chinas 1171th reference to the Jcprnesc Governshy
rpound n11s hote lf 1uust 10 tqrardinl thE ir
nccer~cnce ~r the ~rovisi~ns of the Potsdam
Dcclorrtiln ~na the reply lf the Governments
f the United St~tcs Great Britain tho
Swi1ot Union l)nc Chini srnt by Jrnericn Sccreshy
t~ry f st~tc Zyrncs under the date of AUJUSt 11
- 9 shy
the J~pcnese Governricnt h~vc tho honor to cocshy
nunictc to the rovernnents of the four powers
rs follows
l Fis l~jcsty the ErrEgtror h-s iesued
rn nnerhl rescri~t rcfrrdine- Jprn s ccccptshy
nca of the nrovsions of thamp Potsd2c Daclcrcshy
tion
2 Fis Lr Jc sty the Jmperor is prcprrtid
to ~middotuthorize ~nd cnsur the signtture by his
Gcverrwunt cnd the Imperil-I Gcnerrl Herdqucrters
of the necessmiddot ry terris for crrry1ng out the
provisions of the fotsdc Deel rr tion Eis
r jesty is bull lso repf red to issue his coonrmiddotnds
to r-11 the nilitrry nmiddotvcl rnd middotir uthorities
of Jltpn degnd ell th forces uncicr thtiir control
vherever loc tcd to cs~ se ctive opertions to
surrender -rllS rnd to issue such other orders
s rny b required b the 5urrma Conrl nder of
the lli(d Feroes for th~ execution of th
bull bove-ncntioncd tcrls
1capt lr th- r~newtd rssurrnces of my
hiFhest consictertion
Grrssli Chrrge d middotrrires middotrd interim
of SWitzerlr nd
1r ~x Grssli Chmiddot rge abull rr~ ires middot d InteriL~ or
3yeni tzerlr nd
- 10 shy
A~TJIl TC J -2
JlJDG E-T
HTmmiddotmICITAL )III~RY TRIBUNtL FCR TH FAR EAST
e acting b command of and in behalf of the
ELlperor cf Jaran the Japanese ~overnment en~ the
Ja~anese Imperial General Feadouarters hereby
accept the provisions set forth in the declaretioc
issued by the heads or the Governments of the TTnited
States C ine end Great flritain on 26 July 1945 at
rotsdeo and subsequently adhered to b) the Union
of Soviet Socialist Re~ublics which four powers
ere hereafter referred to as the Allied ~ewers
e hereby proclain the unconditional surrender
to tte Jllied rowers of the Jarenese Imperial General
Heacq_uarters end of all anenese armed forces and
ell arMed forces under Jaanese control wherever
situated
e hereby collllend all Japanese foroes wherever
situated and the Je~epese people to cease hostilities
forthwith t(l preserve enc save fror- daoate ell
ships Eircreft and Eilitery ahd civil property
end to ccMply with all requirecents which may be
irroosed bmiddot the Supreme Cotlllenltler for the Allied
Powers or by agencies of the Jaranese Government at
his direction
middote hereby collllanc the Japanese rr~erial General
Peodquarters to issue at once orders to the Comshy
manders of ell Jaenese forces end all forces under
- 11 shy
middotJaanese control vherever situated to surrender
unconditionslly themselves and all forces under
their control
e hereby corllland all civil military end naval
officials to obey end enforce all proclsmetions
orders end directives deerued by the Supreme Comshy
mender for the Allied ~ewers to be proper to
effectuate this surrender end issued bmiddot hio or under
his authority and~~ direct all such officials to
re~~in at their posts end to continue to perform
their non-combatant duties unless specifically
relieved by hi1 er under his author ty
middotmiddote hereby undertaYe for the ELperor the
JaTienese Government end their successors to carry
out the provisions of the otsdan Declaration in
~cod feith end to issue whatever orders and teke
whatever action nay be rerured bl the Suprene
Corllonder for tte Allied rowers or by ony other
designated rspres~ntative of the tllied ~ewers for
tlie ~-urose or riving effect to that Decl1ration
e hcrebi corlland the Japenese Inerial
rovernrent ond the Japanese ImTierial General headshy
quarters et once to liberate all allied prisoners
of Mr end civilisn internees now under Japanese
control end to provide for their ~rotection cere
lillintenence and illllediete trans)ortrtion to places
es directed
~he euthority of ths m~eror and the Japanese
Government to rule the state shall be subject to
th~ 8upreme Colllllcnder for ths Allied Powers who will
tike auch steps as he deems proper to effectuate
- 12 shy
these terms or surrender
51gned et TokO Bsmiddot Janen at 0904 on the
Second dry of September 1945
By Command find In b6 alf of the Emnoror of Japan end the Jepanese Gov3rnment
Ycshirro Umezully Cornrnd endn behe lf of the JAFtnese lnperitl Genersl Hecduerters
fcCftod ct Tytyo E~ Te pan Et 0908 on the
~eccnd dry of lt1ertairbor 1945 for the ttnited Stctes
Reublio of Chine United fingdoP1 rnd the Union of
Soviet kci~list Republics e-nd in the interests of
the other Tnited Nrtions rt lier with Jopcn
C l NiMit z Unlted St~tes Representtive
Hsu Yung-ChFnll
Bruce Fr-ser United Kinqcon JepresentEtive
lieuten~nt renerrl K Derevyrnko Union of ~ovlet Soolrllst RepublicsRepresent~tive
T bull Blrmy Corimiddotcnwer-lth of fustrlic RepreBEnhtive
I bull toore Cos lr ne DoMinlcn cf eenfdf lepresentctrve
le Chrc ~rovl~icnsl Gov~rnment of the French Republic qerrescnt~tive
- lJ shy
C ~ 1 Helfrich flngdom of the ~c~hcrlmiddotncs Reprsent~tive
Ltonmiddotrd middot Isittmiddot Doninion of Pew Zcmiddotlmiddotnd Rcnrcsentctive
~ccptin the terms set forth in tho De~l r shy
tion issued br the heds of the Goverll1lcnts of the
1Jni tcd st tes Grert Eritcin ind Lhin on July 26
1945 r-t otsdru nd subsequently ~dhered to by the
Union of ~oviet Soci list Re~ublics I hva commnde4
the lmiddot J nose Irperil Governm-nt ~nd the J1p~ nese
lllperi l Gener~ 1 He dqu~rter13 to sign on my behlf
the instrument of surrender presented by the Supreme
ColDlmiddot nder for the llied owsrs 7nd to issue Generfl
Orders to the lil1trry bullnd IIbullvbulll forces in cccordrnclt
with the direction of the Supr5lilC Comm ndw- for the
llied Fowers I co=rnd rll my people forthwith to
cerse hostilities to lbully down their irms nd fbullithshy
fullr to c~rry out middot11 the provisions of the instrushy
rent of surrcndor middotnd th Generrl Orders issued by
the ry~ nese Im~erirl C-encrbull 1 lier dqu~ rters thereunde
- 14 shy
JNNEX NO J-3
JUDGMENT
INTLRNATIONAL MILITRY TRIBUNJ FOR THE FAR EA-
MOSCOV CONFERENCE AGREE-ENT
The Forei rn Ministers of the Union If Soviet
Scicl1st Republics the United Kinrdom and ~e United Stetes of ncricn met in Moscow frrr December
16 to December 26 1945 in ncc0rd with the
decision of the Crimea Conference poundOnf1rmed nt t~
Berlin C0nference thet there shuld be er ind ic conshy
sultnt11ll between them At the meetinfs of the 3
Foreign Ministers discussions took plnce on nn
informnl nnd erlorntory bnsis r-nd crrecmrnt wns
renched on the follow1np questions bull
bullbullibullbull
i The Supreme Commnltkr shdl 1ssuc nll
Orders for the inplmiddotmcntati ln of the Terms of
SurrendEr the Occupatigtns end control of J~)~n
nnd Dirc-ctives supplercmiddotntnry thereto In middotoll cases
action will be cnrricd cgtut uncer me throurh the
Supreme Commender who is the s0le Excmiddotcutive ruth0rity
for the Allied Povers in Joprn He 1ill consult nnd
id vise vii th the Council in ndvnnce of thc is sunnce
gtf Orders on mnttcrs of substance the rxirencies
of the situation permittinr his decisions upon
these octtcrs shall be controllinr
middot
- 15 shy
mrtJC T( -4
Jl JYl TJ-1T
=rcr middotr ircr middotmiddotmiddotmiddot1rr~r
JTltlISP~T ( 11 1 TCI IIIT1Y TRI~UNL
FOR CU~ FR ~ST
ViHlES the United Ltetes end the Netions
allied therewith in orposing the illegal wars of
aggression of the middotxis fJetions have froll time to
tine made declarations cf their intentions that
war crininals should be brought to justice
17 middot the Governnents of the middot111ed -ewers
et war with Japan en the 26th July 1945 at ~otsdam
declared as one of the terns of surrender that
middotstern Sustice shall be meted out to all Yer crimshy
inals including those who hove visited cruelties
upon our ~risoners
F~ middot b~middot the Instrument of Surrender of
Tenen eirecuted et ollt~middoto lay Jaran on the 2nd
lterter1er 1945 the signatories for Tapan by
colnllenc of and n behalf of the un~a~or enc the
re~anese Government accented the terms set forth
in such Declaration at otsddm
FE1 middot by such Instrument of Surrender the
authority of tle Srnperor and the Ja~ anese Government
to rule the etate of middotr_aen is made subject to the
Suprene Cv~bullbuller for the bull-llied owers who is
suthorized to take such steps as he deems proper
tc- effectuate the terms of surrender
- 16 shy
HEREbull 5 the undersigned has been designated by
the lied overs as Suprelle Colltander for the
llied ~obullers to carry into effect the general
surrender of the Japanese arned forces
middotmiddot~middot S the Governments of the United States
Great lri tain -nd russia at the middotoscoy Conference
26th Decer1ber 1945 having considcrei the effectushy
ation by Jaan of the Teris of surrender with tte
concurrence of China have agreed thet the Supreme
ColMander shall issue all Crders for the implamenshy
tetion of the Terns ot Surrender
rC1middot11 THffSFORl I Douglas Hae rthur BS
Supreme Co~mender for the llied rowers by virtue
of the authority so conferred upon ne in order to
imlement the Term of Surrender which requires the
meting out of stern justice to war criminals do
order and provide as follows
RTICl~ 1 There shall be established en
International 1-ilitery Tribunal for the Far est
for the trial of those persons charged individually
o~ es members of oranizations or in both capacishy
ties yith Qffenses which include crimes against
peace
middotR~ICI~ 2 The Constitution jurisdiction and
functions of this Tribunal are those set forth in
the Ghnter of the International lilitiry Tribunal
for thpound ~er Vest a~~roved by mo this day
middot~~JCI~middot3 Nothing in this Order shell
prejudice theJurisdiction of any other internatione
netlonel or occuretion court conriission or other
tribunal established or to be established in Japan
bull 17
or in any territory or a United Nation with Which
Jann has been at war for the trial or war
criminols
Given under my hand et Tokyo this 19th dey
of January 1946
be bullt Iso RTHUR Gontrol of the rmy United State$ rmySupreme Commender for the llied Powers
bull
- 18 shy
ArJllEX NO bull A-5
JODGMBIU
CHARTER
OF THE HJJill~ATICNH lILITARY TRIBUNAL FCR T~o FPR EAST
SECTICI~ I
COSITlJICN CF TRIBU1~~L
ARTICIE 1 middotTribunal Established The Intershy
national Yilitary Tribunal for the Far East is hereshy
by established for the just ano prompt trial and
punishment of the major war criminals in the Far
East The permanent seat of the Tribunal is in
Tokyo
4ITIC1E 2 embers The Tribunal ehall c 0
onsistmiddot
of not less than six ne~bers ruir ncre than eleven
members appointed by the Supreme Commander for the
Allied ~ewers from the names submitted by the Signashy
tories to the Instrument of qurrender India and
Phe Commonwealth of the Philippines
AlTICLE 3 Officers and Secretariat
a President The Supreme Commander for
the lllied Powers Shall appoint a Member to be
President of the Tribunal
b Secretariat
(1) The Secretariat ot the Tribunal
shall be composed o~ a General
Secretary to be appointed by the
Supreme Commander tor tle llied
Powers end such assistant seersshy
bull 19 bull
tariee clerks interpreters erd
other personnel as may be necesshy
sary
(2) The General Secretary shall organshy
ize and direct the work of the
Secretariat
()) The Secreteriet shell receive ell
documents addressed to the
Tribunal maintain the records or
the Tribunal provide necessary
clerical services to the Tribunal
end its members and perform such
other duties as may be designated
by the Tribunal
JRTICL 4 Convening and uorum Votinl1 1 and
bsence
a Convening and luorum When as many as
six members or the Tribunal are present they may
convene the Tribunal in formel session The
presence ore majority or ell members shall be
necessary to constitute e quorum
b Voting All decisions end judgments
of this ~rlbunel including convictions an~ sentenshy
ces shall be by a maJorit7 vote or those members
or the Tribunal present rn case the votes are
evenly divided the vote or the ~resident shall be
decisive
c Abseaoe Ir a member et any time is
absent a~d afterwards ls able to be ~resent he
shall take part in ell subsequent proceeding~
unless he declares 1n open court that he is disbull
- 20 bull
quelitied by reeson of insutticient middottsriiliarity with
the proceedings which took place in his absence
SllCJICN II
Jll~ISDICTINT HD Gll1-~AL ~OVISIOTS
ltRTICIE 5 Jurisdiction Cver ersons end
Offenses The ~r1bunel shall heve the power to try
and runis~ Fer e~tern wer cri~inals who es indivshy
iduals or as members of orranizetions ere charged
with offenses which Lclude Criries against Peace
Tbeefol_lovinr acts or eny of them are crimes
coni~e within the jurisdiction of the ~ribunel for
which there shall be individual responsibility
a Criries against Peace Namely the
planning ~reparation ni_iation or waging of a
declereo or undeclared var of aggression or a war
in violation of intern~tionul lew trerties agreeshy
ments or ossurpoundnces or perticipction in o common
plr n or cc nspirr cy for the occon91iehment of lny of
the foregoing
6 Conventionel ~r ~rires Nenely
vioLtions ot the lrws or custocs of wer
c CriJ11es rrrinst -uw nity Nrmely
curdor extcrmintion enslvcment deportrtion
nd other inhum-ne ~cts committed before or during
the w~r or pereeoutions on politicrl or rtciEl
grounds in execution ot or in connection with my
crime ~ithin the urisdiction of the Tribunrl
whether er not in violbulltion of the domestic 1w of
the country -here perp1tr( ted Le~dcrs orgnizers
lnstig~tors middot nd rccomplices prrticipbull ting in the
- 21 shy
tormuletion or executiomiddotn of a common plan or conshy
spiracy to commit any otmiddotthe foregoing crimes ere
responsible tor eil acts performed by any person
in execution or such plan
RTICL~ 6 Responsibility of Accuse~ Neither
the official position at any time of en ecc~sed 1 nor the feet that an accused acted pursuant to order
of his government or ot a superior shall of itself
be sutficient to free such accused from responsibil shy
ity tor any crime with whi~b he is charged but euch
circumstances may be considered in mitigation of ___
punishment it the Tribunal determines that jus~ioe
so requires
ARTICLE 7 Rules of Procedure The Tribunal
may draft and amend rules of procedure consistent
with the fundamental provisions of this Charter
AR~TCLE 8 Counsel
e Chief of middotcounsel The Chief of Counsel
desieneted by the Supreme Commender tor the Allie4
Powers is responsible for the investigation end
prosecution of charges against war criminals within
the jurisdictionmiddot of this Tribunal and will render
sue~ legal assistance to the Supreme Commander es
is appropriate
b Associate Counsel Any United Netion
with which Japan has been et war may appoint en
~ssociate Counsel to assist the Chief of ~ouneel
SECTICN III
FAIR TRIAL FO~ ACCUSED
ARTICLE 9 Procedure for Feit Trial In order
- 22 shy
t~ nsure fair trial fo~ the accused the following
procedure stell be followed
a Indictment The indictment shell
consist of a plein concise and adequate statement
of each offense charged Each accused shall be
furnished in adequate time for defense a copy of
the indictment including ~ny amendment end of this
Charter in a larguage understood by the accused
b Language The trial and related proshy
ceedings shell be conducted in Eglish and in the
laniuage of the accused Translations of documents
and other papers shall be provided as needed and
requested
c Couns~l for Accused taph accused
shall have the right to be represented by counsel
of his own selection subject to the disapproval
of such counsel at any tifle by the Tribunal The
eccused shall file with the General Secretrry of
the ~ribunal the name of his counsel If an accused
is not represented by counsel and in open court
requests tJe Blbullpointment of counsel the Tribunal
shall designate counsel for him In the absence
of such request the Tribunampl may appoint counsel
for an accused if in its judgment such appointment
is necessery to provide fer a fair trial
d Evidence for Defense An accused
shall have the right through himself or throurmiddoth
his counsel (but not through both) to conduct his defense inclbulliding the right to examine any witness
subject to such reasonable restrictions as the
Tribunal may deterMine
- 23 shy
e Production of ~vidence for the
Defense An accused may ap~ly in writing to the
Tribunal formiddot the Tgtroduction rf witnesses or of
documents The anplication shall state where the
witness or document is thou~ht to be looated It
shall also state the facts nroposed to be proved
by the witness or the document and the relevancy
of such facts to the defense If the ~ritunal
grants the a~plication the Tribunal shall be given
such al d in obtaining nroduction of the evidencemiddot
as the circumstances reouire
ARTICLE 10 Applicetions end Hotions before
Trial All motions epplicatioqs or other requests
addressed to the Tribunal prior to the commencement
of trial shall be made in writing end filed with
the General Secretary of the Tribunal for action
by the Tribunal
S11CTICN IV
J(1RS 0F JRIBTPI ~~D COTDTTCT CF TRIAL
AR~ICLll 11 ~ The Tribunal shall have
the newer
a To summon witnesses to the trial to
require ther to attend and testify and to question
them
b To interrogate each accused and to
~ermit comment on his refusal to answer any question
o To require the production of documents
end other evidentiary material
d To require of each witness ampn oath
affirmation or such declaration ea is customary in
- 24 shy
the country of the witness end to adminiter oaths
e To appoint officers for the carrying
out of any task designated by the lribunal includshy
lng the Ower to Jave evidence taken on corunissicn
AR~ICIE 12 Conduct of Trial The mribunel
shall
a Confine the trial strictly to en
expeditious hearin of the issues raised by the
charges
b Take strict measures tQ prevent en7
action which would cause any unreasonable delay and
rule out irrelevant issues end statements of any
kind whatsoever
c ~rovide for the maintenance of order
at the trial end deal summarily with any contumacy
imposing eppropriete runishment including exclushn
of any accused or ~is cou~sel f~om some or all
further proceedings but without rrejudice to the
deterninPtion of the charges
d Dctcrminamp the mental snd physicel
ccp9city cf en7 accused to riroceed to trial
f8J1E 13 ~vidcnce
e Adgt1issibilitv The Tribunal shell not
be bound bv techniccl rules of evidence It shall
rdopt ~nd ~ply to the gre~test possible extent
expeditious end non-trchnic1 procedure middotnd shr11
dmit ~ny evidence which it deems to hve proktive
vrlue All rur1orted dmissions or stctemcnts of middot
the Cousod re cimissible
b RelGv~ nee Th Tri bun_l m7 r_oquire
to be informed of tho m turc of - ny evidence before
- 25 shy
1t is otteredmiddot-111 order to rule ut1on the relev1 rice
c Specific evidence Pdclssible In
prrticulir ~r~ without limiting in middotny wmiddotmiddoty the
scope ot tbe foreroing gonerrl rules the tolhwing
ovidonce m~y be rdmittcd
(1) A document rcgbullmiddotrdlcss of its
security cl~ssitic~tion nd
without root of its issumiddotnce or
sign~ture which l6~rs to th
Tribunrl to h~ve beonsigntd or
issued by bullny officer dop rtraent
ltgcncy or mtnbcr of thi bullrmed
forces ot rny goverruncnt
(2) A -lt~middott t cl pc(rs to the
Tribun-1 to hrvo bean signed or
issued by tho InternPtiondegl Rod
Cross or r member thcreot or
by r doctor of medicino or n7
medicrl sGrvice personnel or by
rn investlg-tor or intollige~co
officer or by ~ny other person
who middotppers to the Tribunrl to
hrvc nersonPl knowledge ot tha
llltters continod in tho r port
J) An eftidavit deposition or other
signed statement
(4) A diary letter or other document
including sworn or unsworu steteshy
ments-which appear to the Tribushy
nal to contain inforlll8tion relat shy
ing to the chmiddotarge
- 26 shy
(5) A copy of e document of lther
seclnch1ry Evidence lr its contents
if the oripin~l is not immediately
nvPileble
d JudiciPl Not~ce The Tribunal shall
neither require prof of rccts or common knewledpe
nor or the authenticity of ~rricial ~~vernment
~ocuocnts and reports or rny nation or or the proshy
cecdins records end findinrs or militnrymiddot or other
arencies or rny er the United Nations
e Records Exhibits llld Documents The
transcript or the procecdinps rnd exhibits end
documents submitted to theTribun~l will be filed
with the General Stcretary ormiddotthc Tribunal end will
constitute plrt or the Record
RTICLE 14 PlPee or Triel The first trial
will be held at Tokyo end eny subsequent tria~s
~111 be held et such rleces a$ the Tribunnl decides bull
poundIlTICLE 15 Course of Trial Proceedings The
-proceedinfs et tho Trial will take the fcllowing
C1JUISel
a The indictoent will be read in court
unless the roadinf is waived by all accused
b The Tribunalmiddot will ask each accused-
llhothtr he pleads ruilty er not ruilty
c The prosecution and each accused (by
counsel only 1 represented) ~ay ~ake a cmcise
opining stotencnt
d The prosecution ond defense may ofter
evidence nnd the admissibility or the same shall be
dpoundtermined by the Tribune~
- 27 shy
e The rrosecution end each accused bf
coun~el only if represented) JTl8Y examine each
witness and each accused who elves testimony
r ccused (by counsel only if represhy
sented) MSY address the Tribunal
g Tho prosecution may address the
Tribunal
h The Tribunal will deliver Judgment
and pronounce sentence
SECTICm V
JUOOI1INT ~TD 3a~~CE
RTICLE 16 Penolty Tho Tribunal shall have
the ower to im2ose upon an accused on conviction
death or such other ~unisrunent as shall be detershy
runod by it to be just
RTICI~ 17 Judgment end Review The Judgment
willmiddotbo onnounced in open court end will give the
reesons on which it is based The r~cord of the
triampl will be transmitt~d directly to the Supreme
Collllander for tho llied ewers for his action_
Sentence will be carried out in accordance with the
Order 9f the Supreme Commender for the llie_d Powqe
who mBy et ony time reduce or otherwise elter the
sentence except to increase ts severity bull
By comm1cnd or GenErl UooRTliUR
RICH1RD J MiREHLL llljor GEnerrl General-Steff cmiddotorpe
Chief of Steff
OFFICIL
s Bl Fitch B l FITCH
Brigrdior Cenorel 1 GD middot djutrnt General
28 bull
ANNEX NO A-6
JUDGMENT
WTIWATirNAL mIITAtv TRIBUNAL FOR THE PAR EAST
INDICT1NT
THf llTTlD STNJES CF AERICA TtE REPUBLIC OF CHINA
THE T~TIID YINGDO CF qEftT BRITAnr AND UCRTHERN
I~EI~D Tl-TE rmrorr CF SOVIET fCCIAUST R)lPT1J3LICS~
TFli COl~C1llUTF OF ~USTRAUA CArADA THE REgtUBLIC
OF fRAlTCE ii KIYGDrl 01 THE NETHERLAlDS NEW
ZlALAm nDI A AND Tl-~ COlJONWEALllI CF liE
PFILirgtn~s
bullAGAINST shy
A~AKI Sedao DCFIARA Kenji liASHDlOTC _Kingoro
FfTA Sunroku FIRANUMA K11chiro HIROTA Koki
HCSRnro Naciki ITGAKIbull Seishiro l7AYA Okinori
KIDO Koichi KDURA Eeitaro rcrsc Kuniaki
~~fTST1I _Iwene lATSTJCPA Yosuke MDTflI middot Jiro
HOTO llkire NAGAPO Osemi CKA Takasumi OKllllA
Shume1 OJlnfA Hiroshi S-TO Ienryo ffiIGlITSU
Memoru SPnrnA Shiretaro SP-IRATORI Tosh1o
~TZJ~I Teiichi TrGC Shigenori TCJO Hideki
UEZU Yoshijiro
Defendants
INDICJ1Ell
In the years hereinafter refe~red to in thie
Indictment the internal and foreign policies middotor JapaL
were dominated ane directed by a cr~inal militarshy
istic clique and such policies were the cause of
serious world troubles aggressive wars end great
- 29 shy
damage to the interests of reace-loving peoples es
well as the interests of the 1apanese peo1e themshy
selves
~he ampind of the Jananese people wes systematicshy
ally poisoned with harmful ideas of the alleged
raciel superiority of ~aran over other peopls of
Asia and even of the whole world Such parllamentarl
institutions es existed in Japan were used as impleshy
ments for widespread aggression and a system similat
to those tren established by Hitler and the Nazi
party in Germany and by the Faicst party in Italy
was introduced The economic and financial resourtef
of lapan were tc a large extent riobillzed for war
a lJiis to the detrinent of the velfare of the Japanespound
pao~le
A conspiracy between the defencants joined in
br the rulers of othr aggressive countries naLely
Tazi Germany anc Fascist Italy as entered into
The rmiddotain objects of tis consiiracy vmiddotas to secure
the dominetion and exrloltation br the aggressive
States of the rest of tte world end to this end
to collllit or encourage the co~mission of crires
against peace war crimes end criries against humanshy
ity as defined in the Charter of this Tribunal thus
threatening end in~uring the basic principles of
liberty end respect fer the hunen personality
In the _rrorotion end accor1plishment of that
achene t~ese defendants taking advantege of their
power and their official positions and their own
personal ~restige and influence intended to and
did plan prepare initiate er vege aggressive ver
- JObull
against the United States of America the Republic
of China the United Kingdoll of Great Pimiddotaain ampnd
trorthern Irelend the 1Tnion of Soviet 50cialist
Republics the Cort1rtonwea 1th of Australia Canada
the Renublc of France the Yingcom of tre Nethershy
lends Pew Zealenc India tte CoJ11onwea 1th of the
Philippines end other reaceful nations in vioetion
of international law es well as in violetion ol
sacred treat- cotJni tme_nts obligetlons and assurshy
ances such plan ccnteu~leted end carried out th~
vibhtion of recognized custoras end conventions of
war b murder in~ niaiming anlt ill-treating prisoners
of war civilian internees end persons OL the high
sees denyine theM edequate food shelter clothing
medicsmiddotl cere or other alrroprifte attention
forcing them to labour under inhwane conditions
end subjecting thera to indignities exploit to
Japans benefit the llenpower snd economic resources
of the vanquished netions plundering public end
private ))ropert1- wantonly destroying cit tms
end villPges beyond eny justification of m1~~tery
neceesity nerretrate mess murder rape pillege
brigEndage torture ampnd other barbaric cruelties
uron the helpless civiliun populetion of the overshy
run countries increampse tre influence and control
of the- mil1t1Jr nnd navel grours over Jepcnese
government offic lels Fnd egencies psyl)hologicelly
prepare Japan-se public opinion for argressive warshy
fare by establishing so-celled ~ssistcnce Societies
teaching netionelistic policies of expansion disshy
seminetinr w~r proprgende end exercising strict
- Jl shy
control over the press rnd redio set up puppet
governuents in conuered countries conclude rlilit-ry
aliicnces with Germn~middot rnd Itrl to enhnce by
military 1ight Jfnrn s progrtrime of expansion
Therefore the cbove nr-ned N2ticns ty their
undersicned representntives ~uly cppoi~ted to
renresent their respective Gover=ents in the invesshy
tigction of the chorges cgcinst end the prosecution
of the middotIe-jor We r Criminrls iiursuent to the Potsdm
Decl~rton of the 20th Jul 1945 end the Instrushy
ment of Surr-rnder of thE 2nd Septerober 1945 0nd
the Chrrter of the Tri bun 1 hereby 0 ccuse cs guilty
in the respects hsrein~fter set forth of Crimes
igcinst Oeece 1rr Grines rmiddotnd Criries gninst wn1mshy
ity ond of rommon Pl1-bullns or Conspircies to collJlit
these Crimes 211 cs defined in the Ch~rter of the
Tribuml end rccordingly n~me rs Defendnts in this
cruse end cs indicted on the Counts hersin1middotfter set
out in which their n-middotns respectively qipe( r ~11
the [bove-n_med individurls
GRCUP NI CRI89 AGAIST FE CE
The following counts charge Crimes against
Feece being Pcts for which it is charged that the
persons naned and each of trem are indivi~ually
resnonsible in accordance with Article 5 and particshy
ularly frticle 5(a) and (b) of the Charter of the
International ilitary Tribunal for the Far East
and in accordance with International Law or either
of them
- J2 bull
CotTNI 1
P11 the DefendMts together ~1th divers other
persons between the let January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
Axecution of a common rlan or conspirac~ and are
resnonsible for all acts performed by themselves
or br anr )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such ~lan or ccnsniraci was that
Japan should secure the military naval poll ti cal
and economic dorinetion of East bullsia and of the
Pacific and Inaian Oceans and of all countries and
islands therein end bordering thereon and for that
nurpose slould alone or in combination with other
ccuntries hevinf sillilar objectii or who could be
indicecl or coerced to foin therein wage declared
or undeclared wer or wars of aggression and war or
wars middotin violetion of international lew treaties
agreements and assurances ega~nst eny country or
countries which might oppose that ~urpose
The whole of the ~articulars in Appendix A
of the Treaty Jrticles in Appendix B end of the
ssurances in bullppendix C relate to this Count
CCUNT 2
~11 the Defendants toqether with divers other
persons between the 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or eccomrlices in tbe formulation er
execution of a cormiddotUlOn 1an or conspiracy and are
resgtonsi ble for ell acts perforr1ed by themEelves or
by an3middot person ln execution of such plan
- 33 shy
The object of such_pian or conspiracy wes that
laren should ascure the military navel political
end economicmiddot dominction of the rovinces of Lieoning
Kirin Heilunpkieng end lehol bein~ perts of the
Re)ublic cf Chine either directl~ or by establishshy
ing a separate state under the control of Jenen
end for that rurpoae should wage declared or undeshy
clared war or wars of aggression end war or wars
in violation of internationai law treaties agreeshy
ments and assurances against the Republic of China
The whole of the Particulors in ~ppendix 1
the following rrreaty rticles in lpendix P Nos 1
to 6 inclusive 8 to 14 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive
32 to 35 inclusive and tlie following ssurances in
~ppendix C Nos 1 to 8 inclusive relate to this
Count
cmrr-1] 3
All the Defendants together with divers other
oersons betveen tbe 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 particpeted as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a corimon ilan or consbull~racy Fnd are
resionsible for all acts perfoned bi ttemselves or
b1 inymiddot )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or conspirscy wes that
Japan should ~ecure the military navel political
and economic doffiinetion of tha Reutlic of Chins
either directly or by estblishingmiddot separate state
or stctes under the control of Japcn Pnc for thct
~urpose shoulc wage declared or unceclared wrr or
- 34 shy
wars of age-ression end wer or vars in violation
of international law treaties agreements and
assurances agein~t the Rerublic of China
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix l end the sane Treaty rticles and ssurances as in Count
2 relate to this Count
CCTJNT 4
11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons betwemiddoten tle stmiddot Zanuory 1928 and the 2nd
Senterrber 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instieotors or eccomrlices in the formulation or
execution of a comrion lan or cons1gtiracy ind ere
resnonsible for ell sets performed by themselves or
b any person in execution of such plin
The object cf such plan or ccns~iracy was that
Jenan should secure the 11ili tary nuvel political
and economic do11nation of East sia and of the
Facific ond Indian Oceans tnd of ell countries end
islands therein or borderinpound thereon end for thet
purrose should alone or in coabim tion with other
countries bovine sniler objects or who could be
induced or coerced to Join therein wage declared or
undeclered wer or we-rs of aggression and wer or
wars in violPtion of internationhl la~ treaties
egreerents )nd assuu-nces egt-instmiddot the Pnited Strtes
of neric11 tre British Conmonwealth of Nutions
(which expression ~herever used in this Indictment
inoludes the UnitedKingdom of Greot Britsin end
Northern Ire lend the Commonweel th of bullustrelil
CFOds Jew ZePlond South ifiicE India Burma thbull
- 35 shy
I~P lay States end all other narts of the Eri tish
Erpire not serarately represented in the League of
Nations) the Republic of France the lingdom of
the letherlends tre Republic of China the Republic
of Portueel the Kingdom of ~hailand the Cororronshy
wea 1th of the Philippines ana tle tTnion of Soviet
Socialist Reublics or such er them as might oppose
trat ptlIJOOSB
Tle whole of the Particulars in Aopendix A
end of the ~reaty Articles in A9pendix P and of the
Assurances in Appendix C relete to this Count
CCUtT 5
~11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons beteen tJie 1st lanuer 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 rarticipated es leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a conunon plan or conspiracy and are
responsible for all acts performed by themselves or
by an person in execution of such plan
The ob1ect of such plan or conspirec was that
Germany Italy end apan should secure the military
navalmiddot politicalend economic doriination of the
whole world each having special domination in its
own sphere the sphere of Japan covering East tisie
the Pacific and Indien Oceans and all countries end
islands therein or bordering thereon end for that
nurnose should mutually assist one another to wage
declared or undeclared war or wars of aggression
and war or wars in violation of international law
treaties a~reelents end assurances against any
countries which might o~~ose thet ~~rpose and parshy
ticularly against the United States of America the
British Comraonwealth of Nations the Renublic of
France the 1ingdcm of the Netherlands the Republic
of Uhina the Republic cf Portugal the Kingdom of
Thailand the Commonwealth of the Philippines end
the Union of Soviet Socialist Renublics
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix A and
of the Treaty ~rticles in lppendix 1 and of the
Assurances in ppendiz C relate to this Count
CCUNT 6
hll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928middot
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression end a war in violrtion of intershy
national law treaties agreSlents andassurances
against the Renublic of China
The followingSections of the Particulars in
lppendiz rros l to 6 inclusive end the same
Treaty rticles and Assurances as in Count 2 relate
to this Count
COTThT 7
lll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression and a war in violation of intershy
national law treaties agreements end assurences
against the United States of rmerica
The followine middotsections of the Particulars in
1ppendiz middot Nos 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10_ tle folJowshy
ing Treaty ~rticles in Appendix B Nos l to 10
bull 3T bull
inclusive 17 to 19 inclusive 22 to )5 inclusive
end 37 and the whole of the f surences in ppendix
C relate to this Count
CCUNT 8
Ill the Defendants between the 1st Jenury
1928 end the 2nd September 1945 planned and preshy
pared a wer of aggression end e war in viohtion of
international law treaties agreements end assurshy
ances epeinst the lTnited lingdom of ltlreet Britein
end Northern I~elend enc ell rerts of the British
CommonwePlth of Nations not the subject of separate
counts in this Indictment
The following Sections of the ~erticulors in
lpehdix middotbull N~ J 4 5 6 7 9 End 10 nd tbe
fcllowine Trepoundty 1rticles in ppendix B Nos 1 2
5 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive 32 to
)5 inclusive 37 and J8 and the whole of the
bullseuronces in 0pendix C relate to this Count
C(ITJT 9
All the Defendentsmiddotbetween the 1st January
1928 fnd the 2nd September 1945 plEnned end preshy
prred e war of eggression Ende war in violcticn of
internntion~l low treaties egreements anQ assurshy
ences geinst the Cor1nonveilth of ustralie
The sene Sectiofts of the Portioul~rs in
ppendix rnd the some Trety middotrticles poundgtnd ssurshy
~noes rs in Count 8 relrte to this Count
- JS shy
COTHT 10 bull
middot11 tl-J e Defencrrts between the 1st Jonu~ry 192
end tbe 2nd Seutember 1945 plnned cnd prepmiddotred e
wFr of nRression ~nd WPr in vlolbulltion of intershy
nctionamiddot1 l~w tre 0 tics rgreeuents rnd essurampnC6S
cpPinst Rew 7eelrnd
The s~le Cections of the ~rticulirs in ~ppudi
Z end the SEmiddotme Trety rticles end )ssurrnces fS i1
Count 8 relcte to this Count
CCTT 11
111 the Delend~nts beteen the 1st J1middotnurgtry 1921
rnd the 2nd Se~tcober 1945 plnned and prepcred
war of oegression ~nd c wrr in viot~iion of intershy
ntioIel lr-w treeties rgreenents rnd essuronce
rgoinst c~nd3
The srme Sections of the ~rrticulfrs nprendi
middot end the s~ne Trerty rticles nd ssur-nces- rs in
Count 8 relFte to this Count
CCITI 12
f11 tto Dcofendnts between tbe 1st i nury 92
ena tr e 2nc Sef)tenter 1945 ~lenned ~nd nrapired 8
wor of -egresson ind c Wr n viohtion of intershy
nrt~omiddotmiddot--1 lrmiddotw trampcties Fgreenents ~nd cssur~middotnces
against India
The ssroe Sections of the rarticu~ in ~ppendiJ
and the sar-e Treaty rticles end ssurarces as 1
Connt 8 relate to this Count
~ 39 shy
C()TJT 13
~11 the Defendants between the 1st JenuPry 192
and the 2nd September 1945 planned end nrepered a
war of aggression and a wer n violction of intershy
national law treaties agreenents end assurances
against the Corironwealth of tle rilirmiddotnines
The sane Sections of the ~artcul9rs in ppendil
and the ss~e Treaty ~rticles end tssurances as in
Count 7 relate to this Count
CCTTT 14
11 the Defendants between the 1st 1enuary 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 ~lenned aad prersred a
wer of aegression znd a wer in viclEtion of intershy
national law treet-ies egreeraents end assurauces
arainst the Kingdol of the ~TeterlEltnds
The following Sections cf the Particulars in
ppendix ~ 11os J 4 6 7 9 and 10 the follcwshy5 ing Treaty rticles in ppendix R Nos 1 to 5
inclusive 10 to 18 inclusive 20 22 to JO inclusivf
32 to 35 inclusive 37 a~d 38 end tte f ollovin~
sur~nces in ~-pendix C tlos 10 to 15 inclusive
relate to this Cou~t
CrTl 15
11 the Defendnts between t~e 1st January
1928 end tr e 2nc1 Se[lterber 1945 planned end
~repered a var of fression enc a wer in violeti_on
of internetional la~ treities aerreerents end
assurences agaicst the Rerublic of ~ranee
~te following Sections of the Particulors in
- 40 shy
ppeniix middot osbull 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 tre
folloving Treaty ~rticles in ipendix B Nos 1 to
5 inclusive 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to 30 inclusive
and 32 to 38 inplusive and the follobulling Assurmceio
in ppendix C os 14 and 15 relate to this Count
COTl 16
11 the Lefendants betveen tle 1st anuary
1928 and the 2nd Sentember 1945 1anned and preshy
rsrecl a war of afgression encl a buller in violation of
international lew treaties agreements and assurshy
ances apeinst tte Lingdcm of Theilend
The following Sections of the ~erticulers in
ppendix bull Nos 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 and
the followin Treaty middotrticles in middotpenCix B lJos
3 4 5 JO end 32 to 38 inclusi~~ ~elate to this
Ccunt
crHT 17
111 the Defendants between the 1st January
1928 and the 2nd September 1945 planned end rreshy
rered a wer of afgressl en and a r in viohtion of
international lav treaties i_reerents ond assurshy
ances qeinst t~ e ncn of Soviet ~ocialist
Renublics
Tre followinr Sections of the amprticulars n
bullnendix bull Nos 1 to 8 inclusive ancl the folluing
Jreety middotrtic] es Lmiddot lenclix B os 1 to 5 inclusive
10 to 18 inclusive 32 tc 35 inclisive 39 to 47
inclusive Pnd middotmiddotssurence Ho 13 in npendix C
relEte to this Count
- 41shy
CCF 18
middothe Defendents 1KI DCFIR RfSHIMOTO
I1 bullm1- bull IT bullotTI Kcrsc rJI I cKrt 11IGELITSU
TC10 and middot~rzu on qr ebout the lftth Septerber 1931
1nit1eted a wer of aggression and a warin violation
of internetionel law traaties egreeLen ts und
assurances egainst the Republic cf China
Rection 1 of the Terticulr in ppendix
ond the followinf Treety rticles in trpendix f3 ~cs 1 to 5 inclusive 11 to 14 inclusive 22 23
25 30 40 to 43 inclusive rehte to this Count
CC1t 19
The Dereridfnts CllI I lCFIRR p middotSPIClO
fTbull RIl~ll PI1CTmiddot EOSfHO IT~KI I1Y IGDO
HTqlJ TTT( SUZUKI TOJC ind UMEZU on or about
the 7th July 1937 initiated a ~er of aggression
rnd e wrr in viohtion of internc-tionel lrw tre~ties
Egreea~nts nd 2ssur2nces egtinst the Republic of
Chine
Section 2 of t~e ~rticulpoundrs in ~rpendix ~ the
same rety middotrticleuros rs in Colrnt 18 nd the folloving
tssur~nceuros in middotnnenrx C os 3 4 ~nd 5 rel-te
to this Count
err_ 20
he Defandmiddot rts DCPJ l PilTJl FrCTmiddot
FCll-fIPO ybullmiddotr I~IDlt ITIJRI lUTC ~GYO OK~
r~~ Smr siT111nr S~ZUI TC0C ~nd TC70 en or
bullbcut the 7th Dscecter 19Ll 1~itiatee ~frac12~r of
rg~r0se ion ~ rc ~- wltr in viol tlcl cf internt i_onc 1
- 42 shy
bull lew treeties middotrreenents end cssurnces grinst
the United Stltes of merice
Section 9 of the Terticulers in Pendix
the follow in~ Treatmiddot r~icles in npencix S ifos
1 to 9 inclusive~ 19 22 tQ JO inclusive )3 34 end
37 and the whole of the t~surances in 1ppendix C
relate to this Count
ccrn 21
The same Defend9nt~ es in Count 20 on or about
the 7th December 1941 initiated e var of aggression
an~ a wer in viol2tlcn of international law treatie~
agreellents en( assurances aga~nst the ~orllonvealth
cf tte Trili-pines
The sane Jart i_cbullilere Treat~middot frticles and
~ssurances 1s in Count 20 relate to this Count
CCIJT 22
The ssLe Defencl11ts as i- Coant 20 cn_ or about
tbe 7th Decelber J941 iitiated a var of aeressicn
ana a war in viol2tion of internat~unal las treatie~
agree1nents and assurances afainst tbe ritish
rcnnonwealth of Natcns
Section 9 cf tte Perticalr s in ppendix
thegt follovinf Treaty rticles in pnenciix B Nos
J to 5 inclusive 19 22 to JO ~nclusive 33 and 37
and the hole of the ~ssurences in rppendix C
relate to tr is Cobulltnt
Tte lefendsnts tlrI )CEIPmiddotq 1IPrmmiddotmiddot
- 4) shy
HIROTA HOSHINO ITICKI KIDO W TSUQKJ liUTI
NCJNO SHIClITSU end TOJO on 0r ebout the 22nd
Se~tember 19~0 initieted ewer of errression end
e ~Br in violetion of international lEw treetiFs
egreements end essurences efeinst the Re~ublio of
Frence bull
The seme Perticulers Treety Jrticles end
Ps~urences sin Count 15 relrte to this Count
CcUfilZh
The srne tefendants es In Count 2J on or Eboui
the 7th Decembfr 1941 initietec ewer of errression
and a ~Pr in violetion of internetione le~ treeties
egreements enc assurances e~einst the Kinrdom of
Theiland
Section 7 of the Particulars in A~pencix A end
the following Treety Jrticles in Appendix B Nos l
to 5 inclusive 33 34 36 37middotend 38 relete te
this Count
QOUNT 25
The Defendents ATJgtKI DOHIHJRA HJTA HihANUMA
HIROTA HOSHirO ITJCJII KIDO MATSUOKJ Mi TfUI
SHIGUITSU and SUZUKI curing July end August
1938 inititec ewer of Pffression end ewer in
violetion of internetional lautrerties egreements
enc es~urences by ettecking the Union of Soviet
Socielist Re~ublics in the eree of Lake Khasan
The serne Perticulers Trerty Articles end
Assurences es in Count 17 1 relate to this Count
- 44 shy
CCTTTlT 26
The Defendents middot-~YI )CHlli1U HT BIRcll
ITGU(I lIDC HIS lTiTTI lTSUCK 1 ~UT0 SUZUmiddotI
0GC TCJO end nnztr durin the summer cf 1939
initiated a war of sgrression and a vsr in violoticn
of international lev treeties agreements and
assurances by attacking the territory of the
J~npolian Peonlebulls Republic in the area of the
Kha1khin-Gol River
The same eirticulars Treaty rticles and
ssurcnces as in Ccunt 17 relate to this Count
C(TJT 27
11 the Defend5nts bet~een the lEth Septenber
1931 end the 2nd September 1945 waged a wer of
aggression 8nf a bullrr in viol~tion of intern~tionel
lew trecties fgreenents and assurances flfeinst the
Republic of Chine
The seme Perticulars Trety rticles snd
~ssurrnces ~sin Count 2 rel~te to this Count
C(T~T 28
11 tte Pefend~nts between the 7th July 1937
end the 2nd Setenber 1945 wared s wer of aggresshy
bullsion nc1 r ymiddotr in viol~tion of internctioncl ltw
trertilss egreerJGn ts end ssurnces rgiinst the
Re~ublic of Chine
The SfMe Perticulcrs Tre~ty rticles 8nd
ssurrnces -s in Cmiddotunt 2 relute ~o this Count
- 45 shy
CCUlT 29
ll the Defendents between the 7th DecElllber
1941 ~nd the 2nd September 1945 wnged 6 wrr of
rggression end c Mr in violation of intermtionel
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
United~tates of tmerica
The following Sections of the ~articulers in
pp end ix i1 os 4 middot to 10 inclusive and the sane
Treaty ~rticles and ~ssurences as in Count 20 relate
to this Count
COlP1 JO
Lll the Defendsnts between the 7th Decenber
1941 and the 2nd Spte~ber 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violetion of international
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
Corlllonweslth cf the ~hili~pines
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles and
1ssurances as in Count 29 relete to this Count
crrJl 31 middot
Ul the Defendrnts betveen the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd Se1Jtember 1945 waged a Viar of
apgression and a wer in violatiog of internationalbull
law treaties agreerents end assurances against
the Pritish Corinonviealth of Nations
~he followin~ Sections of the ~articulars in
Appendix J Nos 4 to 10 inclusive and the same
Treaty bullrticles end ssurances as in Count 22 relate
tc this Count
- 46 shy
CCTTJ 32
All tte Defendants between the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd September 1945 waged a 11r of
aggression and a war in violation of international
law trestles egreeuents end assurances agenst
tte Kingdom of tce lf1therlands
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles sne
rlssurances as in Count 14 relate to thisCount
CC 33
The nefendsnts tRTi 001smiddotnmiddot IRNUt
FIlCT~ FNFnH lTlYI YID0 ~TSTTCK IUTO
1GW0 SIG~I5 end TCJC en end after the 22nd
Septelber 1940 vaged a war of algressipn end a
war in vbullolltion of ~nternetional law treaties
arreenents end assurances against the Republic of
France
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles end
cssurances as in Count 15 relate to this Count
middot CCUNT 34
_11 tre Defendants between the 7tl Decemberbull
1941 and tbe 2nd September 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violttion of international
law treFties agreenents and assurances against
the lingdon of Treilend
middot Tte sene erticulers and Treaty rticles as
in Count 24 rBlete to t~is Ccunt
CCIDT 35 bull The smiddotme Defendants ss in Count 25 during th
- 47 shy
SWmer of 1938 waged a war of aggression and a war
in violation of international lew treoties agreeshy
nents an~ assurances against the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics
The same Particulars Treaty rticles end
lssurences es in Count 17 relte to this Count
CCUc 36
The seme Defendunts ss in Count 26 during the
surller of 1939 eged a Yer of aggression in violashy
middottion of intermticnfl lew treaties egreements poundmiddotnd
essurlnces egeinst the rmiddotonrolifn Peoples Republic
and the Union of Soviet Socielist Renublics
The SFMe Flrticulers Treaty lrticles end
ssurr-nces ts in Count 17 rele te to this Count
ltmCUlt TWO U1DEl
The following Counts chrrfe the crimes of
raurder enltl conspirecy to murder being ects for
wlich it is chi-reed thtt the persons nmed rnd ecch
of thim rre individully responsible being poundt the
seoe tine Crirnes cgcinst eoce Conventionil Wer
Orines ~nd Crimes poundguinst Humeni ty contnmiddotrJ to ell
the 1J-ragrrhs of rticle 5 of the s~id ChArter to
Internrtionmiddotl Lrw ~nc tc the middotaoL1estic lews of ell
the countries where cor-oi tted including Jrbullpr-n or
to one or ~ore of them
CCl 37
The Defendints DCPIF cl FTR 1JTnt FIRCT
- 48 shy
HCSFINC KAA I(ID0 lIlURA ~me tAGATC CYA
0SrA S~( iltJlADA SJZTTlG 00( end JCJC togethe
~ith divers other per~ons between the 1st iune
1940 and the 8t~ Decet1ber 1941 rarticipated es
leaders organizers insti~ators or accoLplices in
the formulation or execution of a corilon rlan or
consnirecy end are responsible for all acts pershy
formed b themselves or by any person in execution
of such plan
The object of amp4ch ~lan or conspiracy was unlewshy
full~middot to kill and murder the persons described
below by initiating unlegful hostilities against
the United States of bmerica the rorutonwealth of
the rhlippines the British Colraonwealth of Iletions
the Kingdom of the lfotherllnds nd the Kingdoa of
The llend sne unlewf111ly orcering causing end ershy
ciitqng the ermed forces o JaJen to attack the
territory ~ti-s ~nd eir1lenes of tbe said netions
er sore of tJierl et tiL1es when Japan vioulu be et yeece
vith the said cstons~
che r-erscns intenled to be lilled end rurdered
were eJl such rersons both members of the armed
forces of the seid nationsand civilians es might
te~nen to be in the places et the tues of such
attacks
The said hostilities end attacks were unlawful
bscause they ~ere breeches of Treaty Article 5 in
Anpendix B enf the accused enc the said armed forces
of Japan could not therefore acquire the rights of
lawful belligerents
The accused ~nc each of the~ intended that such
- 49 shy
hostilities stoulc be initiated in breach of such
Treaty ~rticle or were reckless vhether sucb Treaty
Article would be violoted or not
COTT JS
he Defendante DltHIFARA FIP~~1um nroT ~
V(l~I0 ~6t iITJC IlT~~ ATSUCKA fJTO r~GUO
CK~ (ltHD~ STC SHD~~DA suzrnI TOQO ond TOJO
to~ether with divers other ~ersons between t~s 1st
J1me 1940 and the 8th De~erruer 1941 partici)Jtted
as le6ders organizersmiddotinstgators or accomylices
in tle forllulrtion or executicn of o COLlJon rlan or
cons~irac~ end are resnonsibla for all acts pershy
formed by ttemselvss or by sny person in execution
cf such 1an
The object of suchJJlon or consnirecy wes unshy
lawfully to kill and murder the persons described
belov bibull initiating unlawful rostilities tgainst
the Uni tecI States of tmerico the Comronweal th middotof
the Thilip~ines theuro ~ritieh Cormonwealthof Notions
the Kingdon of the etherlcnde and tre l(ingdcm of
Thai lent end unlewftlly order inf causng and pershy
nittinc the armed forces cf Jicen tmiddoto attack the
torritor~ ships oud airlanes of the soid notions
or sone of treuroll
The middotersons intended to be killed enc murdered
were all such ~ersons both oembers of the aroed
forces of the said natons end civiliens as mifht
happen to be in the olaces at the tiues of such
attacks
The said hostilities ond attacks ware unlawful
- 50 shy
because they were breaches of Treaty Articles 6
7 19 33 34 end 36 in Appendix Bena the accused
end the said armed forces of span could not thereshy
fore acquire the rir-hts of lawful b~lligerents
The accused end each of then intended that such
hostilities should be initiated in breech of such
Treaty ~rticles or were reckless whether such Treaty
Articles or any of then would be violated or not
C0T11 9
The same Defendants es in Count 38 middotunder the
circumstances ellered in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing ceusinr end ermitting the armed forces of
Japan to attack tle territory ships and airplanes
of the United States of America with which bullnation
Jinien was then et peace at middotPearl Harbour Territory
of Hawaii on the 7th December )941 at about 0755
hours (Pearl Harbour time) unlawfully killed and
murdered Adniral Kidd and ebout 4000 other oembers
of the naval end nilitary forces of the United State
of America lnd certaii civilians vJiose nanes and
nurnber ere et present unknown
CfTmiddotT 40
Tee sane Defendants as in Count )8 under the
circur1stances elle~ed in Counts 37 and )8 by ordershy
ing causin~ end rerrnittinR the armed forces of
Japan to attack the territory end airplanes of the
British Conmomealth of Nations 1th which nations
Japan was then et reece et Iota Eahru Kelenten
on the 8th December 1941 et about 0025 hours
- 51 bull
(Singapore ti11e) unlawfully killed and murdered
certain menQers of the aroed forces of the Pritish
Commonwealth of Nations whose names end number are
at present unknown
comrr 41
The same Defendants as in Count 38 under the
circ110stances alleged in Counts )7 end J8 by ordershy
ing causing end rerr1ittini the a rfled orces middot of
la pen tc etteck the terri tor sb 1ps end airplanes
of the ritish Comnonwealth cf Nations with v1lich
nations Janen was then at peace at Rone Kong on
tte 8th Decenber 1941 at ebout 0800 tours (Hong
Kong time) unlawfully killed and murdered certain
members of the armed forces of the British Coraonshy
wealth of nations whose names end number are at
present unknown
CCTTNT 42 The same Defendants es in Count 38 under the
circumstances alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing CIJUSing end pernitting the arHed forces Of
Jepan to et tech H IS ETRiL a ship of the British
ComtonY-eelth of lpoundtio_ns with which nations Japan
wes then rt eece et Shibullnghei on the 8th December
1941 et cbcut OJOO hours (Shcnghei tine) unlawshy
fully killed r nt rurdered three members of the navel
forces of the ~ritish CoILlonweelth of Nations whose
names ere et present un1ltnovin
52 shy
crT1T 43 the som~ Dcfcndcnts os in Count 38 under the
ciroumstFnces alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing causing end rermittin~ the armed forces of
Jeren to ettecl the territory of the Corimonvmiddotealth of
the ~hilipnines vith which nation Japan was then at
peace et Deveomiddot on the 8th December 1941 et about
1000 hours (anila time) unlawfully killed and
murdered certain mElllbers of the armed forces of the
United States of America end of the armed forces end
civilians middotor the comiddotlLlomealth cf the Ihilippines
whose nomes end number ere at TJresent unltnown
CCUNT 44bull All the De1endents together with divers other
persons between the 18th S~pternber 1931 and the 2nd
Septenber 1945 ~erticipeted as leo~ers organizers
instigetors or eccollTJlices in the 1orruletion or
execution of a coJnon plan or consiiracbullmiddot end ere
resryonsible for ell Acts performedmiddot by theuselves or
by any person in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or consiracy was to
)rocure end permit tte- riurder on a wholesale scale
of prisoners of wer MEfubers of tht ermed forces of
countries opposed to Je~ Egtn vho id-ht le~ down their
erlls enc civilians who niht be in the rower of
Jepcn on land or sea in territories occuried by
Jaron end crews 01 shi s destromiddoted bmiddot Japinese
forces in ruthless ~ursuit of victory in the unlawshy
1ul wrrs in which Japan was or would during the
said period be ~1J8oged
- shy
CCGNT 45
The Defendcnts ARAKI L~S-Il-CTC FATA EIRJJlUlA
prqc-r abull IT ~GtYI Y- f A JIDo HATSUI mrrc SUZTTKI
rnd UHEZP on the 12th December 1937 rnd succeedinf
dcys by unl 0 wfully oreering ciusing nd peroitting
the rrmed forces of Jqfn to ctt~cl ~he City f
NPning in breach of th3 Trerty Articles ~ientiond
in Count 2 hereof tnd to slr-ughter the ihhabitents
contrcry to internrtioncl lcw unhbullwfully killed
rnd Murcered Many thousands of civili~ns end disermed
soldiers of the Re~ublic of Chine whose nemes nd
number 01re rt preEent unrnovm
CCTfT 46
The sme Defenccmiddotnts i s in Count 45 on the 21st
Cctobor 1938 end succecding dt1y s by unlswfully
ordering CUsing rnd rern11tting the rrr1ed forces
of Jrrcln to ittck the City of Canton in breech of
the TreAty ~rticles montioncd in Count 2 hereof ~nd
tc sbuehter the inheibi tilnt s contrrry tci interndegtiollf
lcw unlawfully killed r nd nurdered l~rge numbers
of ~ivilisns end disvrmed soldiers of the Republic
of Clini vhose nrmes r rc number cre st present
unknown
C(TJ 47
The scme Defendcnts rs in Count 45 prior to tte
27th October 1938 end on succeeding dsys by
unlawfully ordering cuusing ~nd pern~tting the
nmed forces of Jrpon to cttcct the City of Hcnkow
in breech of the Trenty ~rticles mentioned in Count 2
- 54 shy
bereof and to slaughter the inhabitants contrary to
internatioal law unlavfully killed and Murdered
lerge nllllbers of civilians end disar1ec solciers
of the Oepublic of China wtosa narces and nU1ber ere
et Tresent un1middotn9wn
C01-l 48
The Defendants EATA rrnc 1crso StTC SlIGEshy
EITSTT Ter end mrzu prior to the 18th June 1944
end on succeeding days by unlawfully orderi11euro
causine and arnitting the erled forces of Japan to
attack the City of Changsha in breach of the Treaty
Articles nentioned in Count 2 hereof and to slaughter
tle inhlbaents contrary to internaticnal law unlawshy
fully killed and murdered nany thousands of civ~lians
end di sarnec solders of tte Republic of China
whose nales and ru11tbcr ere tt resent unknown
COHFT 49
Tte S~ne Defencants as in Count 48 prior to
tte ett luiust 1914 ampnd on succecdin[ days by
unlamiddotfull order ins csusin[l end pe t tin the
eried forces of caigtan to attack the City of lengyen
in tre rrovince of H11nen in breach of the Treaty
trticles mentioned in Count 2 hereof end to slaufhter
the inhebi tents contrary to intermitioal lampv unlawshy
fully killed and nurdered large nuribHs of civilians
enc disarmed soldiers of the Republic of China whose
neMcs and nunber erE it present unknown
- 55 shy
CCTTIT 50
The seme Defendants as in Count 48 prior to
the 10th Noveirber 1944 and on succeeding days by
unlawfully orderine causing and pernitting the
arr1ed fo~ces of Japan at attack the Cities of Kweilishy
and Liuchow in the Province of Kwangsi in breach of
the Tre~ty Articles mentoned in Count 2 hereof and
to sleUfhter tte inhabitants contrary to internatiom
-law unlawfully killed end murdered large nuabers
of civilians and disarmed soldiers of the Republic
of China whose names and number are at present
unknownbull
cnTNT 51
The Defendants ARAYI DCEIHARA HATA IlAtUMA
I~G~YI IGDO 1ciso lmiddotATffiTI 14Tsrroy 1middott~C
SUZUKI TCGC TOJO and IDEZU by ordering causing
and permitting ~he armed forces of Japan to attack
the territories of Hongolia and the Fnion of Soviet
Socialist Republics with whicl nations Japan wamps
then at peace inmiddot the reeion of the Khalkbin-Gol
River in the summer of 1939 unlawfully killed and
murdered certain merobers of the armed forces of
onolia me the rrnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
wlose nElti1euroS and nunber are et present unknown
ccmiddotJNT 52
The Defendants ARAII DrHIHARA HT11 FIRANUJIA
FIRCt FCSFTHO ITAGAI-I KIDO l1ATStTCKJI l~TSUI
SEIGlI15CT lttZTJKI and TOJO lJy ordering causing
end permitting the armed forces of Japan to attack
- 56 shy
the territory of the Union of Soviet Socialist
Re1middotublics with Vhich nation Jarien was th~n at peace
( in the region of lake Lhasan in the months of July
and August 1938) unlawfully killed and murdered cershy
tain me1bers of the ermed forces of the rrnion of
Soviet Socialist Rebullmiddotublics whose names tnd number
are at present unknown
GRCPP TIIRpound ccvmiddotrrrbullmiddotn tR CRIS M-Ti CRIES N~middotST Fll1t7IT
The following Counts charge _conventional ier
ir~lles enlt Crir-es egelnst EunaniJy beins acts tor
wrich it is charged that the persons na~ed and each
of them are individually resnonsi ble in accordance
with trticle 5 and particuierly ~rticle 5 (b) end (c
of the Charter of the Interneticnal iilitery Tribune
for the Far East and in accordance with Intershy
national Law or either of them
CCU-T 53
The Defendants DCRIFRA ~Tt -(SJjUC
ITGA1I IAl lILC rc1~~ Iorso urc NtG~NO
CY~ CSHrmiddot~ S~TO SI-IGTSl) mutD STTZULI TOGC
TOJO and UlEZU together with divers other persons
between the 7th Decellber 1941 end the 2nd Se]ltember
1945 ~articipnted as leaders organizers instigashy
tors or accololices in thE formulation or executlon
of a corllon plan or conslirecr and ere res)onsi ble
for all acts perforMed by therselves or br any
rierson in execution of such plan
The object of such olari or consiracy yen1es to
order authorize and r ermit the Co 4ctanders-in-Chief
- -57 shy
ot the levaral Japanese naval and nilitary forces
in each of the several theatres of war in which Japan
was then engaged and the officials of the Japanese
Har inistr~middot and the parsons in ctarge cf each cf
the canps and labour units for prisoners of war and
civilian internees in territories of or occupied by
Ja)an and the military and civil police of iapan
and their respective subordinates frequently and
habitually to co=it the breaches of the Lawsmiddotend
Custcms of 11~ar as contained in and proved by the
Conventions assurances and ~rectices referred to in
l~rendix D against the ermed forces of the countries
hereinefter named end againet many thousands of
ori sonars of war end ci vi liens then in the rower of
Jenan belonpin~ to the Tni ted States of America the
British Colonwealth of rations the Republie of
France the Kingdom of the Netherlands the Cormonshy
wealth of the Flilipines the Republic of China
the Republic of Fortugal Bnd the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics end that the roverru1ent of Japa1
should abstain from takin adequate steps in accordshy
ance vd th the said Conventions and assurances end
Laws and custot1s of ~er in order to secure observenc
end prevent breaches thereof
In the case of tre Republic of China the said
plan or consryirecy began on the 18th September 1931
end the following Defendants participated therein in
addition to those above-named ARAI HASFHOTO
RAlll~ ~(~ lATSTJ middot~Tsnrn1 ~TlrlI
bull 58 shy
C0PNl 54
The Defendants DOFiJEAR~ H~TAHOffiINO ITAGAKI
KAYA Kif-0 YIMURA KOISC MUTO NAGANO OKA OSHIMA
SATC SFIGlITSU 1RIMADA flJZUYI TOGO TOJO and
UEZ1J between the 7th Deceober 1941 and the 2nd
Septeuber 1945 ordered authorized and permitted
the same ~ersons as oentioned in Count 53 to co=it
the offences therein mentioned end thereby violated
the laws cf War
In the case of the Republic of China the said
orders euthorities end permissions were given in a
period beginning on the 18th September 1931 and
the following Defendants were responsible fer the
same in addition to those named above A~AII
FASED0TO PIRUJTJrA FIROTA HATSI AT-UOKA
CCFNT 55
bull The Defendants DCFIB~RA HAT HOSE-INO ITAGfiKI
KrA iID0 YIHlTRP KCIS0 EUTC NAGfNC OKA Ofxllll
S~TC PIGIlITCTT Sl-DiD~ ampJZUKI TCGO TOJO and
tn~zu between the 7th December 1941 end the 2nd
September 1945 being by virtue of their respective
offices responsible for securing the observance of
the said Conventions end assurances and the Laws and
Customs of ar in respect af the armed forces in
the countries hereinafter named and in respect of
many thousands of prisoners of war end civilians then
in the power of Japan belonging to the United States
of rmerice the British Comrn0nwealth of ~fations
tte Republic of France the Kingdom of tle Nethershy
- ~9 shy
lends the Cormonwealth or the hilippines the
Republic or China the Republic of Portugel end the
Union or Soviet socialist Republics deliberotely
rnd recklessly disregorded their legal duty to1toke
rdequete stops to secure the observonce end prevent
brerohes thereof rnd thereby violcted the lows of
wrr
In the case or the Republic of China tha said
offence begFn on the 18th September 1931 and the
following Defendi-nts were responsible for the same
in addition to those nemed above JRtKI FtSHICTO
FRJPlr HROT- ~~-ToTI HTltTOK~ INJI middot
11herefore this Indictment is lodged with tte
middot Tribun~l poundnd tJie chcrges herein mrde agllinst the
ebove-nomsd Defendants ere hareby presented to the
Tribunal
Joseph B Keenan bull Chief of Counsel acting on behalf of-the
United Strtes of merico
Hsiang Che-Chun
~s sooiete Counsel acting on bah lf or the Republic of China
I s Comyns Cirr
ssocilte Coulsel eoting on behclf of the United fingdom of Greet Brtt11in Pnd Northe
Irelond
S bull Golunsky
ssoc1rte Coubullsel ncmiddott1ng on beholf of the Union of Soviet SoerCl1st Re1)ubl1cs
6Q shy
A J 1nsfeldshy
middotmiddotfsocirte Counel rctine on beh0lf of the Comrionwc~lth or ustrelie
II G folen
r ssociete Counsel t cting on behelf of C(mida
Robert bullneto
ssociate Counsel acting on behelf of the Reublic of ~ranee
W G F BoegerhOff ~ulder
ssocirte Counsel rcting on beholf of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
R H quillhm
Jssocitte Counsel Pcting on behrlf of New Zerlrnd
pbullpGovinds lenon ~ s Comyns Carr
ssociete Counsel ccting on behlf of Indi e
edro Lopez
tssociate Counsel actinF on behelf of the Col1Dlonwerlth of the Philippines
- 61 shy
APPENDIX J
SUirlllarized Particulars sho~in the principal Matters
and Events upon which the Prosecution will rely in
support of the several Counts of the Indictment in
Groun Cne
SECTION 1 1
ILIT1 AGGRESSIN HT lANCHURIA
From January lst 1928 onwards there was a plot
in the Japanese Arm~middot and particularly in the lwantun
Army s~nrorted by certain civilians tomiddotcreete an
incident in 1anchuria which should form a pretext
forIepen to conquer occupy and exploit that Country
as the first ste~ in a scheme of eominetion which
later extended to other parts of Chine to the terr1-
tory of the Union of Soviet Socialast Republics
end ultnately to a wider field aiming to make Japer
a dondnent power in the World
The major events in the execution of it were
About 18th September 1931 Following a long
period of infiltration end consequent friction
Je]lenese troons blew ur a portion of the South
anchurien leilwey falsely accused Chinese troops
cf doing so attacked thet end thereafter pro~resshy
sively end repidlr carried out a Ililitery occupation
of the Chinese provinces of Liaoning Kirin Heilungshy
kieng end Jehol (the north-eastern provinces)
About )rd January 1932 Japanese forces occushy
pied Chnctow in sri te of e ssurance given by their
~oreigh Office to the United States on 24th November
1931 that they would notdo so
- 62 shy
Beginning about 18th Jeruary 19Ji Japanese
nevsl and later military forces attacksd the
Chinese in Shanghai
About 28th to 29tb January 19)2 Jaosnese
bonbed Cbsps1 middotat 1215 am
~b0ut 1st Febtusry 1932 Jeysnese viarships
shelled l1smlng middot
Jurin 1932 Jspen set up a separate puppet
novernrient in the said ~rcvinces enc on 15th Ssptsmshy
b~r 1932 officially recognized it
The 1BSn~ss Government which cals into power
on 13th December 1931 and ell subsequent Japanese
Governments adopted supported and continued thismiddot
sggre_ssion end its grsdusl extension over ether pamprtE
of Chins
Jsren delivered no declsrstion of 1ar against
Chine nade no effort to settle the alleged dispute
by pacific means or by mediation or arbitration
rejected on 5th February 1932 an offer of mediatio
by the United States Greet Britain enc ~ranee
refused to Gdopt the repcrt ampnd recommendations cf
the Lytton Commission apTJointed by the League of
Nations of which Jspen end Ctins were members ormiddot
the resolutions of the League and on 27th ]~rch
1933 reslgned froll the League
Cn 18tr ADril 1934 Jersn announced her absoshy bull lute opposition to sny foreign interference in Chins
other than her cwn
On 1st lerch 1934 Jspsn caused Henry Ju Yi to
be in~tslled es the norinal ruler of the so-celled
Stats of JisncbuJuo Nevertheless large Japanese
- 63 shy
crmies continued down to the 2nd September 1945 to
be mdntcined in these t0rritories using th1am s t
bmiddotse for further rggression ~nd to control together
with J_-p~ nse civi lifn offici ~ls the whole Governshy
ment industry nd finrnce thereof
SECTINT 2
1ILITAR GG1ESSINT IN lW REST 0F C-INA
Jor nesc rggressiCn geinst Chin entered r new
phc oe on July 7th- 1937 when her r_rmy invdod Clinc
south of the Grot r11 [nd htr goverruient ndoptcd
supported lt nd continued the rggresslon 111 subshy
sequent J~~~ncse Governments did the scme
Subsequent mbull_ jor events in this ph~middotse wore
-~bout 19th to 25th septembar 1937 Jrpmiddotnese
forces bombed r~cnking rnd Cc nton r nd deli bcrc te ly
killed lmiddot rge numbers of civilLns
- About 13th December 1937 J-p nese forces
c~Dtured fnking slruhtcred mcny thousnds of
civilimiddotns na committed other outr~ges
During 1940 J~prn Sbt up r- soprrto puppet
Governrotnt in those vrts of Chinbull (other thrn the
four north-o stern privinces _ bove-mcntioned) which
sh- then occuied clriming to be the Nbulltion l
Government of the Reuublic of Chinr middot-nd middotbout
0th November 1940 offic1~ lly rccognizod it bullbull rgbullin J~pmiddotn delivered no dcclrrction of wbullr on
Chinr m~de no rttcmptmiddottc settle the lleged dispute
by pbullcific mcns or by medi~tion or ~rbitr tion
refueed on 25th September 1937 to prticipte in
the Frr Erstern fdvisory Cotllllittee of the Lccgue of
Nr- tions rltcfused on 27th October middotnd og-in on 12th
Novzmbor 1937 to ~tt~nd the Conferenceheld t
Brussels of trG other signmiddottories to the Nine-Power
Trerty of 6th Febru~ry 1922 or to qiscuss its
rppliomiddottion refused on 22nd September 1938 to sit
with the Lemiddotguc of H tions to medirte her disrute
with Chin middotnd on 4th Povcmber 1938 decl red thst
the scid Nin~-Fower Trety WS obsolete
Jrpmiddotn continued her militbullry ~ggression in
Chim by cmiddot pturinz rnong other cities Frnkow on
the 27th October 193~ Ch ngshr on the 18th June
1944 Hsn~y-ng on tre 8th tugust Kweilin on the
10th IovmiddotJbcr nd liqchow on the 11th November of
the Sle yemiddotmiddotr r-nd deliber tcly killed lcrg~ numbers
of civ1li 0 ns bull nd committGd othor outrbullges in erch of
the cities ~fori-mmtioned
SECTION 3 ECPT(IC 1 0GRESSJQ-T I CIW lTl) GRlltTFR imiddotsr middotsrmiddotbull
During the period covered by this Indictment
~pmiddotn est~blished ~ gbncrrl superiority of rights
in f-vour of her own ntionmiddotls which effectivamply
eremiddot ted 111onopolics in comrercimiddotl industril middotmiddotnd
finmiddot ncil enterprisas first in lmiddot nchurimiddotmiddot nd 1 ter
in other prts of Chinmiddotmiddot whch c aa under her dominshy
rtion nd exploitad those rcgioiis not only for the
Gnr fobmen t of JmiddotmiddotO n nd those of her nction ls pmiddotrshy
ticimiddot ting in thosG entsrnrises but s -rt of
scheme to 1leken the resist nee of Chiflr to exclude
other -middot tions middot nd n middotticnmiddotls nd to provide funds
nd munitions for further I ggression
li5 shy
This plmiddotn middots w~s the intention of soll~ rt le st
or its oripintors both on its economic rnd militry
side err dumiddot 11 cc me to embrce siuilmiddotr designs on
the remmiddotinder or ~-st si~ middotnd CCOPnio
LntGr it WS officibulllly exprnded into the
Gretcr E st middotsi- Co-Prosperity Sehemc ( a title
designed to cover up ~- scheme for completeJpmiddot nese
dominrtion of those -rcmiddots) -nd Jbullmiddotpmiddotn declmiddotred thrt
tris wbullmiddots tho ultimrte rurpose of the militcry
ocinpr ign
The sbullme org nizltions rs re mentioned in
Section 4 hereof were used for the ~bove purposes
SECTION 4
lrTHCDS CF CCRRTrTI(W tD C0RCINT Tmiddot CFH middotrm OTHltR OCClI~D T~RRITORI~s
Durin the whole period covered by this
Indictment succossive Jrpnese Governments through
their llilitmiddotry 11d nvrl commmiddotnders ~nd civilLn
(gents in Chinmiddot nd other territories which they
hmiddot d occupied or dt3signed to occupy pursued (l systemshy
r tic policy of wemiddotmiddotl-ening the nmiddottive inh-bitmiddotnts will
to re~ist by ~trocities middotnd cruelties by force nd
thre~ts of force by bribery nd corruption by
intrigue r mongst loo~ l poll ticirns nd generr ls by
directly bullnd indirectly eneourmiddotging inerebullsed proshy
duction middot nd importmiddotbulltion of opium nd other nmiddotrcotios
-nd by promoting the Sle nd consumption of such
drugs middotmong such peole middot The Jrpr- nose Govlt1rnment
secretly provided l 0 rge sums of noney which togotht
with bullrofits rroll thegovernment-sponsored tr~rrie
- 66
in opillll end other narcotics and othermiddot trading
ectivitiea in such areas frac12ere used by agents of the
Jananese government for all the above-mentioned
~urposes ~t the seme time the Japanese Government
was actively participating in the rroceedings of the
League of retions Co=ittee on Traffic in Opium and
other Dangerous Drugs and desrite her secret
activities above-mentioned professed to the frac12orld
to be co-operating fullj _with other meL1ber nations
in the enforcement of treaties governing traffi~ in
opiwi end other narcotics to which she was a party
This participation in end sponsorship of illicit
traffic in narcotics was effected through a number
of Japanese goverruiental organizations such as the
lenchurian Affairs Board the Chine Affairs Board
end the Southern Region Affairs Soard which were
combined in 1942 to form the Greeter East Asia
inistry and num-arous subsidiary organizations end
tradin~ companies in the various occunied end soshy
eelled independent (puppet) countries which were
ope~ated or su~ervised by senior officers or civilshy
ienjaProintees of the Army fnd the Navy
Further reve1Ue trom the above-mint ioned
traffic in opium end other narcotics was used to
finance the ~reparation for end waging of the wars
of aggression set forth in this Indictment and to
establish end finance the nuppet ~overnments set up
ly the Japanese overnmeht in the various occuried
territories
- 67 shy
SECTION 5
G-0YRL tgt- ~R TIt Fr1 middotR
Vtith a view to future wars of aggression and in
order to prevent other nations frolll interference in
her war cf aggression alre9dy in prog~ess against
China ~a~9n frorn 1st January 1932 onwards strength
ened her nsvel military nroductive End finenci9l
preperetions for war In particular but without
li~iting th0 above alle~ations
(e) t~VH
bout 29th December 1934 she denounc
ed the 1ashington lkvtl Treaty efter an
unsuccessful attenpt to persuade the other
Signatories to agree to a common upper
limit of global nrvsl tonnage for her own
obvious cdvvntege
bout 23rd J~ne 1936 she refused to
adhere to the London Nevel Treaty
On or about 12th February 1938 she
refused to reveal her nlbullVel building pl1cns
on request by the United St9tes Britein
~nd France
t rll times she secretly increased
her nev~l strength
middott Ell times end especiolly throughout
1941 she Made secret n~vrl plans for the
eurprise attacks which ultimetely toek
place on December 7th-8th 1941 on Pearl
Harbour Sngepore Hong Kong 11aye end
Sh~nghei Od for similer attacks on other
plscemiddots in the Pccific tnd Indien Ccens end
- 68 shy
and on the territocy of the Union or soviet
Socialist Republicsmiddot
(b) MILITARY
Japan continuall7 and progressivel7
increased the size of her arm7 not onl7 as
required for her war of ag~ression against
China but to a larger extent for the purshy
pose of other wars of aggression On the
6th April ~9amp9 she passed a general
Mobilization Law and tmreafter put it
into effect
(c) NAVAL AND MILITARY
Japan cont lnual 17 and progress i vel7
fortified th islands for which she held a
mandate from the League of Nations
Treat7 Articles violated 15 17
18 31
(d) PRODUCTIVE
Japan continuall7 ard progressivel7
increased her capacit7 tor the production
of munitions or war both on her Oiln tershy
ritor7 and in terrltories occupied or conshy
trolled b7 her to an extent greater than
was required for her war of aggression
against China for the purpose of other
wars of aggression
(e) FINANCIAL
The finance for all the above-mentioned
purposes was provided pa rtl7 through the
Budget b7 taxation partl7 by loans ani
partly from the profits of the exploit~ttons
bull - 69 shy
as described in Section 3 herect and
particular y of the sae of narcotics as
described in Section 4 hereof
SECTION 6
THE ORGANIZATIOll OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FlgtR WAR
Two provisions incorporated by ordinance or
custom in the Japanese constitution gave to the milishy
tarists the opportunity of gaining control over the
Governments which they seized during the period
covered by this Indictment
The first was that not only had ttw Chiefs of
Staff and other leaders of the Army ani Navy direct
access at all times to the Emperor but they had
the right to appoint am withdraw the War and Navy
Ministers 1n any Government Either of them could
thus prevent a Government from being formed or
bring about its fall after it was termed In Kay
1936 this power was further increased by a regulashy
tion that the Army and Navy Jlinisters must be senicr
Officers on the active 11st EG the fall of the
Yonai Government on 21st quly 1940 and of the Third
Konoye Government on the 16th October 1941 were in
fact brought about by the Army 1n each case they
were succeeded by Governments more subservient to
the wishes of the Army
Thbull seconi was that although the Diet had the
right to reject a Budget this did not give them
control because 1n that case thbull Budget of the
preceding year remained in force
- 70 shy
middotDurlnr thls middotperiod suchtree Porlie~cntary
lnstutiti~ns es preVi)USly existedwere rttdUnlly
stamped )Ut and a system simllti to the Fascist or
Nazi mooel introducedbullbullThis took derinite shllpe
with the f)rm~tion n 12th October 1940 of the
I11per1al_ Rule Asslsttnce AS9cintion am later or
the I11perlal Rule Assist~nco Political Society
Durlnr thi~ p~ri~ 0 virorus compain r inciteshy
ment to expansion was carried
on in themiddoteorlier
part t the period middotby individual writers end speakers
but rrnduolly this ceme to be orfanized by Government
artnc1es which elso stamped out tree speech tnd
writing by opponents ~r this policy A large number
t sctetics some secret wasalso rormed_both 1n
the Army end Nevy and amonr civilians with similar
objects Opposition to this policy wes also crushed by assassinations ~r lecding politicians who were
n)t considered surrtcicntly friendly to it ond by
rear end threats of middotsuch nssassinatioos The civil and especially the military poiice were else used to
suppress oppositi-m to the wnr policy
The educnti)nal systeos civil military and
nnval were used to ln~ulcate e spirit or totnlishy
t~rienis~ crgrcssion~ desire tor war cruelty and
hatred r ptential e~emies
Successive Japanese_ Governments from early 1n
1936 onwards cultlvcted close relati)ns with the
- 71 shy
totlitr-ri n iovers 1n Luro1gtc Germny rnd Itrly
which hrrboured simil~r designs in relrition to thmiddot
rest middotor the world to those of J~pn in relrtion tomiddot
--~st middotstmiddotmiddot ~nd the Indirnmiddot rrtd Tltc1t1o Ocerns bull
On ToveJ11ber 25th 1936 middotthey signed tli ntishy
Comitermiddotn Pc otmiddot--~ith r middot~e~ret middotJmiddototo~oi nd r Aecret
ilitry Trt1ty directed osmiddott~n~1t1 cgdnst tho U~i6n of Soviot cod11~t ~epubHca i-nci ccimmunis111
~ but ( oturlly designed ~ lso a ( prelude to joint
~gressivc rotion ~n rcnerr 1
v~rious countries under th domin--tion of middotxis middot - ~ -~ bullbull
Powers including the lUppot govrnments of Jnnshy middot1middot bull shy
chukuo _~nd th~ Nr nking Regime in Chinr wer~ degdmi ttlt
to the ~nti7Comintcrn lot
middotuust 1939 extensivE-negotitons werecondilctampd
between J~n r-erm~_ny_~nd Itr-ly rorthe estbullblishbull
ment ofmiddotn econoru9 politiccl bullnd militbullry cllince
On 26th urust 1939 Jmiddot prri throufh her rubrs~
a~dor in 1fshineton ssured middotthe United Stf tea of
Jllericr tht she hbull d decided to b~ndon ny further
negotirtions with middotrerlilny nd Itrlymiddot relctive to
closer rel(tions under the middot nti-Cornintern Jgtbullct bull
rrefoti- tions between Jmiddotpn nd middotGerm ny for the
esteblistmGnt of middotmiddotn econonic politicmiddot l ~nd milikry
pound111nce were resumed in July 1940
Between 13th middot_ugmicrost nd 22nd September 1940
rfterthe rmistice in June 1940 between Germrny
rntl the middotut~oritylimiddotter to be knownFs ths Vichy
1rovernmerit of Fr~ nee subservient to Germ~middotny nd
bullfter the occupction by Germmiddotny of 1( rge prrt of
- 72 shy
frr nee Japan inciuced and_ coerc~d the general gover
ment of Frenchmiddot Ineo-China to enter intomiddot agreements
with herfor mUitary end econ~mic concessions inmiddot
that country and especially the northern parttliere-
of On 22nd-September 1940notwithlltanding agree
ments aigned onthe samedey Ja-enesetroops
attacked French Inda-Chinese uni ts and were met thmiddot
strong re$lstance
en 27th Se)tember 194Q Japan signed the Trishy
Partite Jact vith Germny and ltaly middot
In theearly pert of 1941 Jepentaking advantshy
age or a bounclary dispute raised by heiland against
French Indo-China purported to ect es mediator or
erbitrator_therein butactually brdughtebout a
settlement unduly fevoureble to Thailand middotwith amiddotview
toobtaining heraidin or submission to future
aegression end atthe serre time madefurthermiddotdemands
for military and econonic concessions in French middot
lndo-China bull~be said settlements were finally conshy
cluded on 6th-9th imiddotay 1941
Collllencinlmiddot in the middotletter nertmiddot of February 1941middot
Jel)en and Ger111any conducted negotiations on the
subjept of oint Elli tary ction against middotlgtLgapore
and the territor~ of ot)ler Nations_
On 1st July 1941 German Italy and ell middot middot
Governments subservient to- them inother European
countries at the request of Jepan recognized the
so-called National Government of middotthe Republic ofbull ~
China
On the 12th July 1940 a Friendship Treaty bullmiddotas
signed between Jepan and Thailand
- 7J shy
7romJay to July 1941 Japan further induced
end coerced the general ~overnment or French Indoshy
China to allow Jananese troops to land establish
naval and air baaas end ~enerelly obtain control
over qouthern lrench Indo-China The main purose
on this occasion wee toprovide bases for aggression
directly against the Pritish Common-vealth or lTetions
end the Dutch est Indios and indirectly against
the United States of merica The said agreements
were finally concluded on July 21st and 29th 1941
on which date Japanese forces landed at Saigon
established navel and air bases end generally took
control ofFrench Inda-Chine
Throughout the ebove~mentioned dealings with
Freech Indo-Chine Je~en used the help or Germany and
Italy by coercion upon the Vichy Government cs well
es direct threats or ill6gel force to ettein her
ends
By way o reaction to this aggression and threat
tf furtheraggression the United States of merica
on July 25th end Great Britoin on July 26th froze
the assets ofJapan and Chinemiddotunder their control
rnd opplied other eoon01110 middotpressure agdnst Jcpan
On 25th Tovembermiddot 1941 Jsp1n renewed thlt ~ntishy
Oollintaln rgtect with secret clausesmiddot
Cn ormiddotobout tho let DecGL1ber~ 1941 Jopen
invokillP the Tri-ortite Poet requested Germany nd
Itcly to declare War on the United States after the
beginning of hostilities end tht1t a No middotseperilte
Peace Treety be entered into
On 5th December 1941 Jep4iressured the United
- 74 shy
Stetos ot merico thrt troop movements in French
I_ndo-China were Drecautionery masures
On December 7th-8th 1941 Jspen mPdesurprise
rttecks on territories ot the United States ot
merica the British_ Commonwuelth ot Nctions l1nd
Thdlond usin~ in tbe two latter coses French Indtgtshy
Chinr~ br ee s
Cn the 11th Deceiibcr 1941 Jc pen_ Germiiny rnd
Itrl signed to opbullrbull to Totce rr ct
On 18th Jiinurry 1942 middotc rili ter1 Convention
botween Jbullmiddotn~n cermrny bull_middotnd Itrly wrs signed in Berlin
From 19)6 to 1945 close milittr ncvtl econshy
omic nd diplomc tic co-oper~ tion rmiddotnd oxch nge ot
intormrtion were maintcfned between the r bove three
oountriea t the request ot ~ermnn Jpon trom
the b~ginning ot the wr on December 7th-8th 1941
rdoptcd the Germn polic~ ot r~thless submrrina
Wtrt~re middotnd the destruction or crevs or ships sunk
or o-ptured
By the thre~tenins middotrttitude bullhich Jrprmiddotn mdnshy
tc ined tro111 19)9 to 1941 grinst the Uni_ted Stmiddottoa
or bulliaeriobull the British Cocimonwe~lth otNtions
the Kingdom ot the letherlrnds no the Rerublic ot
Frnce middotnd trommiddot1939 to 1945 (g~inst the Union ot
Soviet Seel~ list Republics 1d by her incru- sing
oonccntrtion ot tr~o~s in regions oonv~nient tor
middotrttrcks Ul)on them she dirtctly bullmiddotssisted Germmiddotny
nd Itnly in their middotw- rs tginst those n tions even
while she rem~inpoundd nominrlly neutrrl
- 75 shy
SECTION 8bull
jGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION-
In the course of many years Japan was continushy
ally preparing war a11d performing11cts of aggressionmiddot
against the Soviet Unhn
bull bull1bull Having faHed ~ he-middot attempt Jo capturemiddot the
Soviet Far East in the period between 19181922 bull
Japan did n~t apan1on the idlao~capturingthe
Soviet areas situated east of theLake-Seykalmiddot
SincltJ 1928 the Japanese GereaJ Steff hld been
planning a war of egfressim against the Union of
Sbullviet ~ocial1~t Republics eager to take advantage
of a chance to start this waz bull
An importrt step ii- th1preparetion nfa war ~
of aggression arainst the Union of Soviet Sochlist1
Republics was t~El ocltupation_of lanchur1a~ 1931 _bull
which a~ we_l~ as KGrea was transformed into a mili 1
tary base for a1tacking the Unio~ or icvi_et SociRlist
Republics in a numbPr of years Railroads and_ highshy
ways vere constructe~ in anchuria after l93~ of
stratPgic importancmiddote and ran towards the frontier of
the Union of Soviet Sociali~~ Rep1bl1cs The -bull
strength of the Kwantung Army ha~ been jncreased middot ~~~ bull bull~ middot _~ J_~j -- --~
from twa divisions in 1931 to fifteen in l94~ bull ~ ~) 1 - ~
A great number of new airfields fort1f1e~ gt middotmiddotmiddot_- ~~middot~
areas dumps barracks sea and river ports destined bullbull bull ~middot bull i ~ middot t lt bull - bullbull bull bull bull
to serve in the war of aggression against the Unicn bull bull bull J bullbullbull - bull bull bull bull bull - ~
of Soviet Social~st Republics were built
In ~anchuria the war industry develop~d at a
fast rate Areas adjacent to the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics frontier were being colonized
- 6 shy
by Japanesereservists with the purpose of strengthshy
middotening the Kwantung lrmyat the moment of mobilizashy
tion Propaganda in the press b radio etc r
directed against the Soviet Union was carried on
111tenselr middotOn Lanchurian-territormiddot Japan organized
and supportedmiddot on a large middotscale ehments from lussian
emigrants hostile to theSoviet Union and prepared
them for hostilemiddotects againstthe Union ofSoviet
Socialist 1epublicsJapan systematically organized
armed middotolasheson the frontierand organized acts of
sabotafe-end terrortstmiddotacts onthe Chinese Eastern
Railroad
InJ9J2 Jaian twice rejected the proposal of
the Union ot Soviet Socialist Republics to conclude
a non-aggression pact
in 1938 Jlpan without declaring war attacked middot
th~ territory of the seviet Union at the Lake hassan
In 19)9 Japan again witheut declaration of war
at tacked the terli tory of themiddot ~middotongolian Peoplemiddot s middot
RepubUc en ally of the rrnion of Sovietmiddot Socialistmiddot
Republics at the Halkin-Gol Rlver (Naoanhan) and
engaged the ongolian Peole s Republic armybull and bull
its allied Red Ar11y bull In both cases Japan pursued the
aim of reconnoitrine themiddot strength of the Rad Jrmy bymiddot
battle and capturing strategic positions for future
war against the trnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
Having been repulsed twice and having sufferedheavy
losses Jmiddotmiddotpan nevertheless did notmiddot stop the preparashy
tiors fora sur~rise attac~ ~gainst the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics
hile Preparinl for the war against the Soviet
- 77 shy
Union Japan during several years carried on
negotiations with Hitlerite Germany end Fascist Itel
on a j~int aggression The principal stages in
this plot or aggressors were the conclusion of the
so-called Anti-Comintern Pact in 1936 and the sirnillf
of the Tri-Partite Pact or Japan Germany and Italy
in 1940 the aim or which was joint aggressive actio1
of these countries against democratic powers among
them the Vnion ~rsvviet $ocielist Republics
In ~rch 1941 while being in Berlin ror the
purpose of plotting with Hitler about e joint aggres
siort against democratic countries thedefendant
~tsuoka was informed by the German _goverllGlent about
preparations by the latter for war against the Uni~n
or Soviet Sociellst Republics s early as t_he
beginnlng or July following e conclusion of the
pact or neutrality on behalf of Japan on 13th April
1941 after the treacherous attack or Germany
egainst the Union or 9oviet socialist Ra~ublics
1atsuoka officially declared to the soviet Ambusedor
in Tokyo that the principal bas1s of the Japanese
foreign policy was the alliance with Germany and
that in case Germany addressed Japan with a request_
for tielp the J)ict middot of neutralty withmiddot the Utiioa ot
Soviet Socialist Republics would not present an
obstacle for Jepen to wege war on the side or
Germ~ny In accordance withthis the governing
militarist clique in lapen in the bullholecourse of
the buller betYlteen Germony end the Union of Soviet
Socialist_Re~ublics wes openly hostile towrrds the
~oviet Unionmiddot maintained a selecte3 arriy on the
- 78 shy
Soviet rront1ers end wes an orgrnizer or a widespreed
prorgrnda aea111st tho Soviet TTnion Jopan octively
helped ~itlariteGermeny providing her with
intormatiqn regording the un~n or Soviet S~c1clist
Republics orgonized pirote ettscks on Soviet merchtnt
shiplling in_ the Far Etat by closing straits estbullmiddotbshy
lishing prohibited zones tnd speciol limited wetershy
weys
To render help to GerlIEny J~ptbulln after Germsnyts
ettack egcinst the Union or Soviet Socielist
Republics in the S111111ler or 1941 doubled the strength
of her E1rmy in rnchuria nnd leter on brought the
strength of this irmy to r million men which necesshy
sitated mrintdning considerrble forces in the Fmiddotr
Eest by the Sevit Union inste~d of using them in the
wrr ig~inet Germnny
In the s0 me summer or 1941 Jfpfn v10rked out e
new Tll~n of surprise rttrck egeinst the Union of
Roviet Socialist 1epublics ~nd kept the Kwentung
Army fully prepred torsuch en cttock She w~s preshy
vented from it not by the poet or neutrality which
i s 1t llll Y be sampen from bove Jeuroptn diregrrded but
b)middotthe successes or the forces or the nnion of Soviet
Socirlist Republics in the w~r fgoinst Germany
SECTIC1 9
JATAfp lFlt TTlTITED S~TES CF fERJCbull TH cr1bullQ1TELTH OF TFE II IPrnns TI ft+ BltITISif cc MOELTH OF rJ TIONS
The whole of the other Sectiols or this ppendix
iro relevrmiddotnt to this Section rnd ere not ropectad
here
bull 79 shy
I
From 1931 until Lecember 1941 relctlons betwee1
Jopn middoton the ona Jr nd rnd the United Stotes of mer le
rnd Gret Brltcln on the other continuously detershy
lorotcd bacruse of Jrrr~s ~g~esslon in E~st ~sir
rnd duplicity in lnternrtionil neeotictlonsmiddot
The TTnlted Stotes of 11erioo rnd 8remiddott Britin
frecuently prctested thct J~prn s militory opehtions
were~ violtion of the provisions of the trecties
mentioned in Count middot2 hereof nd celled the ettentlon
of beth Chine md J~prn to their obligctmiddotions thereshy
under They ~1so declcred thct they would not recogshy
nize ~ny situmiddottion in ianchurlc or elsewhere brought
obout by violrtions thereof
J~pi-n in unequivoc-l tertlS grve rssurrnces thst
she h~d no territori~l mbitions in ChinL thrt she
would respect the open door policy in Chino In
spite of these c siiurbull noes she set up r -puppet
regie in lnchukuo nd proceeded to close the doer
to the TTni ted st tes of middotnericl End British tr11de
ffter tlte consolidrtipn of the linchurin posishy
tion Jln continued her ggressive policy in Est
sir in spite of ossurrncqs tht she hcd no terrishy
toriel ~mbitlons eouth of the Gret frll
The tnited 5tltes uid Grebullt Britdn 1ndervoured
to convince Jp n th~middott her bast interests lY in
perce but it wr-s cler from her Ctions tht she
intended to resort to force to gla neighbouring
countries end territories
During 1935 Jmiddotp-n incrasad hEr mllitrry nd
llfvrl strength middotnd undertook limited militrry
ctivities to extnd her damintion over Chimmiddot The
- 80 shy
United States of America and Great ~ritain continued
to draw Japans attention to her treaty obUgations
but this had no effect on her military activities
In 1936 the United States of America endeavourshy
ed to get Japan to agree to the principle of eauality
in commercial and industrial sp~eres and not to
resort to force to obtain preferential rights This
was also rejected by Japan
In 1937 Japan declared that the principles of
international relationship propounded by the United
States of America were consistent with her own but
qualified this by stating that the objectives could
only be obtained by an understanding of ~he particushy
lar circumstances of the East In 1937 Japan comshy
Ienced further military aggression in China and soon
thereafter the United States of America l)ffered her
good offices in the dispute and appealed to both
parties to refrain from war This ofter wes not
accepted by Japan and the appeal had no effect In
the same year Japan refused an invitation to attend
the Brussels Conference called under the provisions
of the Nine-Power Treaty On August 26th 1937
Japanese forces attacked cars belonging to the
British Embassy in China and on December 12th
attacked warships belonging to the United States of
AMerica and Great Britain on the Yangtze
At the end of 1938 Japan procl~ined her policy
of a new order in 3ast Asia end refused to ~ive any
unconditio~al assurance that the open dnor policy
in China would be maintained
Thereafter many interferences by Japan in
- 81 shy
Jtprnoso controlled territories with the rights or
the United States or ~Aeries end British netonels
took place end in July 1939 the United States or
America gave notice or terminetion or the 1911
commercial Treaty ~it~ Jeen
In September +940 after Japans military
alliance vi th Germany and Italy the United State
ot lmerica was forcedmiddotto place limitations on the
export of iron steel and raY materials to Japan
In arch 1941 conversations between the
Japanese ambassador in - eshington end the United
States Secretary or State took ~lace in an endeavour
bl the ~Tnited States to se~tle outstanding differshy
ences ano to reach a peaceful settlement ihile
these vrere proceeding Jepen continued at e feverish
pace to prepare for war At an Imp~rial Conference
on 2nd July the decision to advance southward
obviously directed against the United States of
America the Kingdom of the Netherlands end the
British CoAmonweelth was reached At a further
Conference on 6th Se~tecber it was decided to open
hostilities against the llited States of America
Great Britain end the letherlends in case the requireshy
ments ot Japan seemed unlikely to be realized by
B901B time clurinf tbe first part cf October On 1st
December a further Conference definitely decided on
war The decisions of the two lest-mentioned Confer-middot
encee were kept secret Cn 7th-8th December 1941
while negotiaticns were still proceeding Japan med~
surprise attacks on territories of the United amptetee
of Anerica et earl arbour of the British Commonshy
- 82 shy
weelth of Nations at Singapore elaya Hong Kong
and Sh~nrhai of the Commonwealth of the Philippines
and of Thailand She delivered no declaration of
war andmiddot to the ritish Commonvealth o~ Tations or
to the Conmonwealth of the ~hilippines no document
ot any kind To the United States of America she
delivered after the etteck a document which did
not end was not intended to cmount to a decleretion
of war
Stie entirslmiddot disregarded all the other Treaty
obligations r-ferred to in Counts 7 and 8 hereof
SOCTJCH 10
Tbe Netherlands ~ast Indies and tnemiddotPortugese
~ortion of the Islend of Ti111or were within the erea
coveted b Japm and described by her tis the Greeter
East ~sie Co-ProsNrity Sphere
In addition to thf general treaties binding
Jepan not to atteck these areas Treaty rticles Nos
20 and 21 refer respectively to these naticns in
terms Ja)en also rod a treat with the Hetrerlands
repardirP the ~est Indies which she denounced on the
12th June 1940 in preparation fer aggression
agai~st them At that time tre hom~land of the
Nethorlends had been recently and treacherously
()Ver-run by JrpaQ s ally Ger111eny end the Dutch
GoverrJJ1ent hbull d been corrpollcd to seek refuge in
ngland Thereefter Je_J n endeavoured to compel thrt
Government to agree toe new treaty on terms unduly
- SJ shy
fovcurable to Japcn but they wore unwilling to do
se The prcperet1ons of Jepcn fore general cggresshy
s1ve wcr in the Fer East included en intention to
invede the c~herlonds tost Indies The occupation
by Jbullpbullmiddotn or French Indo-Ch lna complete in July
1941 end the attecks upon territories of the United
States of tmcricc end tho British Commonwealth of
~rftions on the 7th-8th December 1941 were till prrt
of t plen which ircludcd t n inve sion of the Nethershy
lends r~st Indies This wes spcc1ficclly one of tho
d~cisions of the Jcponeso Imperial Conference of the
6th Se~tember 1941 Consequently the Natherlonds
Government irm~d1ately nfter the lest mentioned
cttacks declrred war on Jepen in self-defence
On tho 11th Janucry 1942 Jepcn invaded and
therefter repidly occupied the retherlcnds East
Indies
On 19th February 1942 Jepcn without ~ny
pretence of right or of eny quarrel vi th the itepublic
of Portugcl invRded ~ortugese Timor end occupiGd
it for the purpose of crrrying on her cggreseive
wcr egeinst ell the ~llied n~tions bull
ll4 shy
APPENDIX B
List of ~rticles of Trenties violated by JrponClld incorporcted in Groups One rndTwe
The Convention tor the Frcific Settlement of Intershy
nc-tion1l Dielutes sigmmiddotd t The Hegue 29 July 1899
The srid Convention wis signed nd r~tifiod
by or on behflf of J-n(n Cnd each of the ~ritions
middot britlf ing thf ct rrgcs in thfs Ind1 ctmltrnt subject to
oGrtotn rcscrvrt1ons not here motoriol
1 Article I
With P view to obvhting rs fr s possiblt-
recourse to force in tho rel~tions between Stctes
the Signrtory Powers rgree to uso their best efforts
to ensure th6 pecific settlcment of internitioncl
differences
2 Article II
In cesemiddotor serious disrgreemant or conflict
before tn bullmiddotppctgt 1 to rrciv middottlle Signr tory Yowers t gree
to middothrve reccurse rs fr rs circwnstbullnoes nllow to
the good offices or medi tion of enc or more friendly0
owers
The Convention tor the ~~eifio Settlement or Intershy
n~tionrl Usputes signed rt the Erguo 18 Ootobor
The sdd Convention ws signea nd rrtitied by
or on behrlf of Jrpmiddotn ~nd ec-ch of the nrtions bringshy
ing the Chfrges in this Indictment with the exception
or the United Kingdom rnd the Union of lgtoviet
Socirlist Republics a-ubject to eertcin reservtions
not here 112tcrimiddotl
bull 85 bull
trtiole 1
With c view to obvirting ~a for ~s possible
recourse to force in the relrtionsmiddotbetw~on Stntes
the Contr~oting ~owers rgree to use their best
offorts to ensure the pr oifio settlemcnt of lntarshy
nrtionrl differences
i rticle 2
In cnse of serious discgreenpoundnt pr dispute
beforc ~n ebulll to ~rms the Contrreting ewers
ogree to hi)ve recourse rs fer cs eiroumstnnoes
rllow to the good 01fioes or medirtionmiddot of one or
nore friendly nowers~
The Hegue Convrntioi lJo III Relmiddottive to the opening
of ~ostilities 1 signsd 18 October 1907
The sold Convention wns signed rnd rrtified by
or on bGhrlf of Jcprn rnd eoch of the notions bringshy
ing tho ohrrgo in this Indictment
rticle I
The Contrrctlng rowers recognize the t host11shy
1tie~ between thrimselvesmiddotmust not co=enoe without
previous Pnd ~xpl1cit ~rrn_ing in the form cltheuror cf
re~ soned declrrtio_n of w~ r middot or of en ultim tllll
with oondition~lmiddotdeolrrrt1cri of wtr
ierr~runt effected by cxohrngo of notes between the
nnitod st~tes bullnd Jrprn 1 signed JO November 1908 1
dGolnrine their policy in the F(lr 0rst
6 2 The Polley of both Governments unlnrlucncshy
ed by rny ~ggreee1ve tendencies ls Olrectod tomiddottho
ll~~JlAC~ ot th( cx1 stDe 41t-tus quo in tho region
f bove-mntloned nd to the defence cf fhe- J)rfao1Jlle
of ()quol opportunity for ciimmercend industry_in
bull 86 shy
Chino
7 3 They ere cccordingly firmly resolved
reciprocmiddotlly to respect the territoriel posssssions
belongint tc ec ch other in said r1agion
8 4 Thy rre clsc deterllined to preserve the
con11on interest or Fell Joyers in Chine by supporting
b~middot l )Citic nens bullt thsir dispos11 the independshy
ence fDd integri ty or Chin End the prinCiJ)l6 or
equel opportunity for cocrerce rn~ incustry or rll
nbullmiddottions in thrt Lipire
9 5 Srould ~ny event occur threrteningmiddotthe
st~tus ouo rs ~-hove described ormiddot the principle or eou~l o~~ortunit~ cs rbove derinedit reragtins for
the two iovernmcnts to coanunicr te with each otbcr
in order to rrrive ~t rn underst~nding es to whet
L1ersures thty mry consider it useful to tcke
The Convention ~nd ~inrl rotocol ror the Suppressio
of the buse cf rpillil nd other DruRs 1 si~ned et
The rbue 23 Jnurry 1912 rnd 9 July 1913
10 Tht sid Convention wrs signed nd rrtified by
middot or on bchr lf of Jrp n r nd ech of the n tions br~shy
ing the chmiddotrees in this Indictnent
Tt c Tremiddotmiddottv of Jefce between tha -bulllliod rnd bullssocimiddotte
Powers rnd GErmlt1ny I signed t Versmiddotillee 1 28 June
1919 known ~-s th Versilles TreEtY
Ii rticle 10 of the Coven nt of tho Legue of
Nmiddottions
The bullclbers of th Lagu undertbullmiddotke to rGspect
middotr-nd preserve bulls middotgrinst extern-1 -ggression the
tcrritoril inteigtrity middot nd existirw polltic-1 indeshy
Tendencs of ~ 11 Jbers of the ler gue In ctse of
any such aggraeaion or in case of any threat or
danger ot such aggression the Council shall advise
upon the Jlleen~ by which this oblitation shall be
tultill6d
12 ~rticle 12 ot the Covenant of the League ot
Pat ions
The lenbers ot the League agree that 11 there
should arise bateen them any fis~ute likely to lead
to a rupture they will subLlit themiddotmatter either to
arbitration or to enquirf by the Council end they
agree in no case to resort to war until three t10nths
after tte ewerd ~Y the arbitrators or themiddotreport by
the Council
l) ert1cle 13 of the Covenent ot the leepue ot
Netione
Tbe embers ot the League aeree that whenever
any ~ls~ute ehall arise between them which they
recognize to be suitable tor suboission to
arbitration end which cannot be satisfactorily settled by diplomacy they will subnt the whole
subject n1Stter to arbitration
Disputes es to the interpretation ot s tresty
as to any euestion or internati~nel law es to the
existence ot any tact which it established would
constitute a ))reach of any international obligation
or es to the extent end nature of the reparation to
be oede tor any such ireech ere declared to be
among those which ere generally suitable tor subshy
111~ ssion to erbitretion
For the consideration of any such clis ute the
eourt of arbitration to which-the case is referred
- 88 shy
~hall be the court erreed on by_ the rarties ~o the
disrute or stiuletec n any convention existing
middot between then
The middotemters or tlle League erree that they will
carry out in fuil ood taith eny av1ard thut iray be
rendered tnlI t~et ther will not resort tower I
against a ember of the league which COll)lies thereshy
with In the event of any failure to carry out such
award the Council shell rropose hhet steps should
middotbe taken to rive effect thereto
14 rtcle 15 of t~e Ccvrnrnt of tte leeeue of
Naticns
If there stould criss betveen embGrs of the
League any ciisgtute lHelJmiddot to lead toe rupture
which is not submitted to arbitration in accordance
with ~rticle lJ the elbers of the league agree
tJiat tJie will tutt the rntter to tte council
Any rortr to the lllsutc 11ey effect igtuch subuislicn
by Pivin~ notice of the existence of the dis~ute to
the ~ecretery-ener11l who hill reke ell nccesslry
arrange bullents for a full investiration and considershy
ation ttereof
ror this ~urncse the nerties to the disnute will
cc~middotaunicete tc the Secretary-Glmiddotnerel es rrolptly as
noeeible stetebullbullnte of their cesa ~1th all the
rtlGvent facts enc papers nd the Council ra foLth- middot
bull1th dir~ct the publicetion thereof
Tte Councl lF 11 nc1eivour _to effect a settleshy
ment of the diE-uts and if such Gfforts fre succoisshy
ful e statGmont ehll t1 ntgtdlt ublic giviie such
ftcts rd elJlanlt l onE rcr[)rdinc tlc disuto igtnd the
- 89 shy
tmiddoteramp1s or settlement therampcr s ttdeg Council EJ deem
s~~rorriete
Jr the dis~utc is not tt-us settled ~he louncil
either un~ninously er by G Ecjority vote shell mcbullEl
c-nd rublish e rellort contllinin tmiddot stcter-ampnt cf thamp
fects of tlo dis~utE bullnd the recorncndticns which
Pr~ deemed just rnd nroner in rcvrd thereto
Any middotmbcr of the Llt-egue rmiddotprcscntd on ths I
Council m~y P-~kc ~ublic e stcte~cnt or tho frets of
the disutc End of its conclusions rcgrding ths
s_fie
If rerort bmiddot the Colllcil is uncnifilously rgrscd
to by the lllbcrs ttereof ether thln the tcprampsampnteshy
tives of on_ er -ore ot ttmiddot rtics to the dispute
the Cecbers ot middot the Lru( bullerco thit they will not
go tc wpound-r Fi tl bullny i~rty to the disrutc which corshy
plics with the rccomntnd tions of tbr rport
If th~ Council r~ ils to re~cr reort which is
unr nirlously greed to b tt~ llCrtLtors thereof o thcr
ttn ttc llrescntitivcs or one or ore of the
p rtics tcgt tt disute t1 l-scbrs cf the Lc~guc
rltscrvc to thelIS-lves th rieht to tki sue bullcti_on
rs tlcy shrmiddotll _consi~cr nccess~ry for the llmiddotiritnbull ncG
of right cncI justice
-r ttn dis~utc bctwccn the irti s is clriracd
by one of thu1 ne is found by the Council to rist
out of ~ a-ttr Nhich by intcrntionJl l~w is solrily
within th~ doJiestic jurisdiction oi th~t pmiddotrty th
Council Eh 11 so rlcrt nd shJ l u- kC no recoshy
P--nd-tion -S to its- settlcnent
r Council JI ~middot ii ny c-- sc undar this
- cc- shy
rticle refer the dispute tc he Assenbly T~e
dlspite shall be sc rcierre1 at t1e recniest of
elt--er party to t1e dis)ute provided that su~h a
reouest be 1iade within fourteen days after the sushy
miss icn cf tie dispvte to the Council
In any case referredmiddot to the Assembl7 all te
provisions cf t1is middotrticle cnd cf Article 12 relat-
ing to the action a-d povPgts cf the Cciuntil scwll
apply -to the action and povrers of the Asser1bly proshy
vided that a report ade by the Assembly if con-
curred in middotbmiddotr the Representatives of those --embers
of t1e Leale re pres ted on the Counc 11 and of a
1ajorit of the othrr middotembers of t1e eaeue c~shy
~lus ive in each case of Representatives of the
parties to the tisputc shall have the saLe force as
a report by the Cou1~il concurrPd in by all the
fieiS thereof othEr than the Rerescntatives of
one or more of the ltJrties tc the disp1te 11
15 Article 22 oft~~ Coven~ntmiddot cf the League of
1-ations
Other peoples especially those of Central
Africa are at such o staJe that the ~ndatory must
be resgtons ible for the aduiis trat ion of the terri tor
urner contitions which wi l ruarantee freec)om cf
ccnscence nnd rel1 middotior SJb Je~t cnly to the ma1ntenshy
cnce cf pc1llJic order end ncrals the prohl1Jitin
of abses sue as t1-middot slave tracc tllc arns tra~ tc
an the-liuor rotfic and the prevent1gtn of the
establishment of fortifications or mllitnry am
na7al bases and of mil1tar trpoundinin of thL natives
for ither than police purposes and the defence of
territor and u1ll aisc secure ebulluai opportunities
- 1 shy
~ tht trrde net oonmcrc ot othr iombcrs ot the
Le~gu- Tter1 ~re tarritories such a South-Jcst
trio~ nd 011rtmiddotin or tho South Jrc1r1c Isl~ nds
hioh owilltl to the ep-rsoncss or their populmiddot tion
or their sror 11 size or their rcr10toness from the
centr6s er c1v1Uz-t1on or their googr-phiol oonshy
t1~middot11ty to the territory or t)s Lmiddotndmiddott_ory bullnd other
oircumstrmiddotnoos or n be best rmiddotdm1n1 starrd under the
l~ws ot th G l-nd tory s 1ntq_trbull l nort1ons or 1ts
territory subject to the s togur rds -_bovo-ncntionod
in the interests or the indigenous popul tion
16 bullrtiole 2J (c) of th~ Covcn nt of the Lemiddotguo of
rrtons
SubjGdegct to nd in ~ ccord nee vith bull the provisions
ot intern ticn middotmiddot l conventions existing or heremiddot ttcr
to bo middot eroed U1on th middotmlicrs ot the lergue bullbullbullbullbull
( o) will entrust tho le guc with thebull gonor l
supervision over the execution of middotgrccmnts v11 th
regmiddot rd to tt e tr trio in WOll3n middot nltJ children middot nd ths
trrric in oiun middotncl othilr d~nFcrcus drugs
Tht l-ndrt- frol tt Lemiddot rue of ~Tbullt5ons pursubullmiddotnt to
t1c Vcrsmiddot 111-s Trcbulltz irde bullt Gcnor 17 kccnbcr 19n
17 bullrticlc )
The lbullnd-tory shll see th t the slmiddotve trmiddotde
is prohibited bullnd th t no forccd lbullbour is porll1tttd
axcopt for esscntimiddotl ublic works ~nd sorvicos ~nd
then onlr formiddot dequ tc romunormiddottion
18 rticli 4 The 1111litc-ry tr ining cf the n t1veuros othtrvise
thmiddotn for ~urpseuros or int~rnbulll ~olioc middotnd the loc 1
- 92 bull middot
detonco ot th t1arritory sh 11 be prohibited
Furthermore no mllitbullry or rmiddotvmiddot l bsos shmiddotll bo
ostblished or tortitiotions orec~cd in the
territory
Tremiddotty botv1ecn th( British Ccllllonmiddot olth middotor n t10middot1s 1
Trnce 1 Jbullmiddotp n nrgt thlt Unitod Str-tcs or llmiddotmiddotric
middot relmiddot tin to thclr Insulr possessions nd middot~nsulmiddotr
pominions n the P-middot oiflc Ccebulln 1 lJ December 1921
The H rGmiddotti W s middotsiend ne rr tlfi1d by the
~ifn tory olcre
19 middotrticlc I
Th Hi~t Contrmiddot ctlne middotrtits grce is bltlt106n
thsmsolves to rcs)oct thdr r_ifhts in rel tion to
their insulr roescssions middotnt ineul r dorunions in
the middotregion o~ the 7 citic Dcemiddotmiddotn
It then should develop betwein ny of the High
Contrbull ctinr ~rtics bull controvCrs rising out or ny
- cific question middot nc involving their srmiddotid rights
thiih ii not smiddot tisf ctorily settled by diploti cy nd
is likely to bulltfect tho he raonlous middotmiddot ccord now hmiddotmiddotppily
subsistinc between ttcm they sholl invite the othir
Hh Contr~ctinr ---rtibulls to joini Contorcnco io
middot vHct tl~ hcl subjlot will be refrrcd tor conshy
sidermiddot tion nit middotdiu~tmnt
Identic Corrunicmiddot ticn ri-do to tb lfothrlmiddotnds Govzrnshy
ment on 4 Fzbrumiddotmiddotrmiddot 1922 on b~hmiddot 11 of thbull- ~middotritish i
Cornnonwe-lth of nmiddotmiddottions middot nd lso mutbulltis mut ndis
on behmiddot lt cf Jmiddotr-n nlt thamp othr --~~era signmiddot tory
to th -~umiddotdrunlr cific Tremiddot ty ot 13 Decltaber 1921
stmiddotmiddottes thbullt shy 20 Ths N1gtthcrbnds not bain sifO tory to tt smiddot fd
- 9~ shy
Tre middotty middotmiddotnci t_h~ Ncthrl nds possession in the region
ot-thc P~riific Ccern thErcforc not being includ~d
in the bullgrccmcnt ref~rred to His Britnnic t~J~stys
Govarnmrnt nxious to for0 stmiddot ll ny conclusion conshy
trmiddot ry to ths sirit of the Trcbullty desires to dGcl~rlt
thnt it is firml~middot r0solvcd to respect tho rights of
the Ncthcrlbullnds in rslmiddottion to ctr insulmiddotmiddotr posscdshy
sions in the region of the Pmiddotcific 0cc n
Idcntic Communic tien 11dE to the ortugucsG Govurnshy
mcnt on 6 Fcbrumiddotri 1922 on behlf of tho British
on b~hmiddot lf of Jbull T n nc th othn owers slpn tory to
the ~u-ar~lE Tclf4 c Tr0middotmiddottbullmiddot cf 13 Decu1ber 1921
stmiddottes th t shy
2~ ~ho ortuguesE not beinp signmiddottory to the s id
-Trebullty nd the ~ortusucsc ~ossess~ons in the region
of the ~~cific Ccc1n therefore not being included
in tte middotgreencnt rsLrrd to E Brlthnic middot jcity s
Government nxioupound to forEJst11 ny conclusion
ccntrbullry tc th fririt of the Trcmiddot t) desires to
acclmiddot re th middotj it is firrillmiddot rosolvcd to respect thfgt
rights of nortugmiddot 1 in rel tion to hor insubr posshy
sessions in th~ i-rion of th TLcific Ccern
Ttc rebull ty bftweon the TTnitcd Stmiddot tcs of lcricr the
Pritish Comcnvomiddotlth oftmiddotmiddot t0ns tlgiuM Chin-
Yrrnc~ Itbullly JmiddotTmiddotn the N~thcrlmiddotnas nd Portupmiddotl
concludedmiddot~~ ~igns~ t middotmiddot~shin~ton 6 P~brumiddot ~y 1922
~c 2middotmiddotid retmiddot wf siv1d middotnd rrtifLd b~middot or on
lmiddot lf cf TbullO-n middot ni middot ct 01 th~ n ticr5 brireine thlt- bull
ctmiddotrPt~ in ttls I~dictntnt ~Ith t~L czc~ption of th~
- 91 shy
Union middotof Sovi~t Sooiel1et Re1ubllcs middot
Article I
Themiddot Contractin~ rowers other than China
eereebull
22 bull ( l) Tu reseot middotthe sovereifnty the independshy
ence end the territorill adilinhtrstive integrity
ot China
2J ( 2) To )rovide ihe tullest and nost unem-
berraesed oportunity toCh1na tc develop end mainshy
tain tor herself en etteotive end stable Government
24 ( J) To use their middotinfluence tor the purpose ot
effectually establiehinv end oainteininq theprinshy
ciple of equal or~ortunity for the ooJllilerce and
industry_ of ell noticns throll eurohout tte territory of
China
25 (4) To refrain fron tekinf advantage ot conshy
di ti~ms in China in ormiddotder to see special rights_ or
privilegeft wh)ch wculd ampbridge the rights ot subjects
omiddotr _cl tizens of friendly States Eind- fror1 countenancshy
ing action in~ical to the security ot such States 9middot
Article II
26 The Contractin- ewers agree not to enter into_
any tre~ty eereeoent arraneementor understanding
either with one another middotor ndivltually _or collecshy
tively with any pwer or Tmiddotowers llmiddothicb wouid
infring~ or impair the p~inoiples stated in middotArticle Ir Article III
ntri th a view tomiddot eJl]lmiddotin~ more ettectuelly the
principles -Of th (lpen JJvOr or equality Of OJgt)Ortun-
ity in Chine for tte trade and incustry of all
nstions thP Contracmiddotting rovere other ~hen Chna
- 95
e~ee that they 111111 not seek nor sup~_t thelr
tesnective ne~ fone ls in seeUnr shy
27bull (a) middot Any errenfenent which rmiddotdrht -urrort to
establish in favour of their interests any general
suueriori ty of riftts 1th respect to comraerdal or
economic development in any desi_neted reeion of
China
28 ( b) Any suet oonoooly or preference as would
denri ve the m ti one ls of ani other --ower of the rieht
of undertaking any legitimate trade or industry in
China or o participitinif 1th the Chinese Governshy
ment or with any local e uthority in any category
or -public enteririse or which by reason of its
scope duration or geora~hical extent is celcushy
lated to frustrate the rrecticel ep-llcation cf the
principle of eual opportunity
It is understood tl~t te foreeoilf stipulationf
of this Article are not to be so construed amps to
Tgtrohibit the acquisition of such 1ronerties or
ri~h_ts as me~ be necessary to the conduct of a parshy
ticular cornrercial middotindustrial er financial undershy
takin or to the encourapoundeLent of invention end
research
Cbira undertakes to be gdcled by the rinciples
stated in tte foregon- stir-uletions of this ~middotticle
in dealinr wit-0 er-rlicetions for emiddotcononic rights end
privileges frc1 timiddot rcverll1ents end naticnals of t11
foreien countries whethEr partiEs t~ tha present
Article IV
29 The Cortr~ct~~ ~cr~~s BfrEe not to ~up~Qrt
eny agreements by their respective nationals with
each other designed to create Spheres of Influence
or to rovide for the enjojment of mutually exolusiv
opportunities in des1gnsted parts of Chinese terri shy
tory
Art1cldege VII
JO The Contrectin) ewers agree that vhenevr a
siturtion arise) hich in the opinion of any one or
thcu involves the cpplicit1on or the stipulations
of the present Treaty middottnd renders desirable disshy
cuSsion or suoh Epplioction thermiddot6 shall be full
snd frark oo6riuriio tion between themiddot Contrc oting
Powera co1oerned
Treaty hpoundtwe3n ttc United Stetes and JEllP-n signed
t middotmiddotrshinrton 11 Februry 1922
The arid Trecty wa3 sirned rnd ratiffod by
the 8fnstory rcbullmiddotrs
~rticle II 1
Jl The United StEtes end lts nmiddot tionals shall
receive ell the benefits or the cngagcuents of Jepar
defined in ~rticles J 4 ondmiddot 5 of the Eforesaid
lsndete notwithstmdin the fect that the United
Strtes is not e mcmuer of the Ls6gue of thbulltions
Ccnvsnt1on signLd ~t Gcnevr 19 February 1925
J2 Th sdd Convention wcs s1encd nd rtified by
or on bchnlf of Jbullmiddotpt n nd B[O~ of the nyt1ons bringshy
ing th1o chrmiddotregtcs in this Indictrrnnt with tho excepshy
tion of the Union of Soviet Soci~list R~1ublics
(bin i-ol middotthe TrJtsd StrtoF or raric bull
- 97 shy
~nericomiddot tbs Prssldent of the Gerrpoundmiddotn Reich Fls
Jejcsty the Yinp cf the Bleiens 1 the resi1font of
the Frrnch R=~ubl1c 1 Fis te 1esty the inmiddot of Grnegtt
~itPin 1 IrclFnd end the British Loninlons beyond the
SeM I Irm6ror of India His la jsty the r1n9 of
Itely 1 His Llt-jcsty theuro Ecurror of J~f)en the resishy
dent cf the ctqublic of PolPnd Lnd the Prcsident of
the Czochoslov=k Reuronublic 1 ccnclueed Lnd signed ct
Jrris 27 middotw-ust 1928 1 knorn ~s thE IbllOg-)ri1nd
Peet nd ~~ the ~rct of Pmiddot ris
The srid rebull ty YlS signed Pnd r-tified by the
1iill tcry obullsrs
lrtick I
JJ Thi lifh Contrcctng ~1rties 1101Emn~y deelcre
in the nr~es of their res~ctive peoplesJh~t they
condecn recoursemiddot to 1-middotr for the solution of intcr shy
nctionrmiddotl ccctrovcrsies ~ne renounce it cs en
instrllJlCnt of n tic _-1 policy in tbcir rlr tions
with -ons inctber
Article II
J4 The Rieb Contr(ctin~ Prties ogree th t th
settlement or solution of i11 disrutes or conflicts
of ~-hitevtr n tur or of hotevcr origin tbey ruy
sought except by pbullcific M~middotns
Dccl~r ticn of Irrpcrirl p~ncsb GovcrI11lcnt 1 27 June
1929 1 ccnccrning -~rticle I of the Kelloge-Pribull nd
Peet of 27 August 192
Th Impcrlr 1 lcv rnnnt dccL re thi t ttc
rhr soolog in tts nmiddotlltS of tt(ir respective
p01ks Pf-middotrin 1 rticlc J cf tt rrmiddot ty frr
- 98 shy
the Renuncif tion cf _ r sirncd rt rrie on 27
urust 1928 vicved in the light of th~ provisions
or the Impcribulll Constitution is understood to be
inrppliCbmiddot in so fmiddotr s Jrprn is concernecl
llG Convmiddot ntion rclbullmiddott~n~middot to l~rcotic Drugs shncd
rt Gcncv~ lJ July 1931
35 The srid Convention wbullssign~d -nd rrtifiad by
or on bchmiddot lf of Jcpn with r rcscrv tion s recorded
in th protmiddotocol cf sirn ture nc c ch of th n tions
brinfing the chrrecs _in this Indictiicnt with tro
cxcetion of the Union of SoviEt ~ocilist RG~ublics
Chinbull trc Cor-monwe ltr of tustr lir rnd Ncw ZDlrnd
Trc ty btveurocn Thilmiddotnd middotnd Jp nmiddot conccrnin~ the
continumiddot nc of frimiddot~ndly rJlmiddottions middot nc tho nutu 1
riscct cf emiddottlh others tcrritoribulll iptcgrity 1
Si1ned middot t Tokyo 12 June 1940
lhc sbull id Tre tr wmiddot s s~_gnec nd rmiddot tified by
the Sign tory rovcrs
trticlG I
3l nThE Fifh ContrbullcCinf Forties s~~ll nutu~lly
resnct ~-ch others territoribulll intqrity middotnd
hcrebmiddot rcrfflru the constrmiddotnt 1cce nd the ierpetuil
fricndship existin between them
Convention rcsnctin~ t~c ~irhts bullnd Duties of
reutr1 ewers ~nd creons in 1fmiddot_r on Vmiddotnd signed
~t Tho Hbull2uJ 18 OctcbLr 1~07
37- rtJcle I
Th trrltory of mutr l ~-mcs is inviolmiddotmiddottl
JR _rtiole II
- 99 shy
rcross the tG~tor of ~ ntiutrl ow1r
Treo-ty of Jortsraoutl- b6twEen Russfr -nd Jpcn
signod 5 Sertc~bampr 1905 which esttblished
Art1cl6 II (p(rbullerr-~h 3) 39 It is bulllso ~greod thmiddot t in crder to rvoid middotlJ
c~ usa of iiisunderstmiddot nc-ing the two F1gt Contrrct1ne
-rt1es wi11 -bstdn ontl6 Russo-Iorcin frontier
from tr11nv r-ny nillt ry morsur6s which moy mEnccamp
tte security of Russ1middot n or ~orern territory
bullrt1cle It (Pmiddotrts l bullnd 2) Ja~an ana Russia mutua~ly e~~age
40 ( l) To evmiddot cu te COll)lGt ely nd simultr neously
tmiddotbull nchlirilt1 eJCcpt thbullj territory rffected by the lcse
of the li~otun2 zcninsuln in conformity with the
provisions of middotcdition l lrticle I~ nnexod to
Trc ty bullmiddotnd
41 () To rcstors cntirtolt middot nd COl]lttoll to th
oxclusive dninamptr tion ofChin_ 11 rortions of
irnchuri nov in th~ occuo tion or under middottho coritrol
of the lqmiddotnGse or Rurs1middot1 troops Nitl th exception
of the trr1 tor bull b0vbull rn nt londl
rticlc IV
obstruct ny gcncr-middot1 nrsures cnmiddotmiddotmiddotJori to rmiddotll C0 1Lttr1es
vhicb Chin~ rnmiddoty t middot~ tor th lcvlorwnt t)f thv
coriflcrcs rid incustr~middot of gt nchu1middot1bull
I) middotmiddotn middotnJ -usbull ngmiddotp tbull xlbit thdr
- 1ot shy
44 J middotn nd Russi uutumiddotmiddotlly grec-not to conshy
struct in their rcsnectivu possessions on th~
Islrnd of Srghbulllicn or the middotdJ cent isl-nds ny
fortificmiddottione or other similmiddotmiddotr militrl works
They middotmiddotlso rrspectivcly cngg not to t l1 ~ny milishy
tr ry ncsures hch MY impede the free nmiddot vigmiddottion
cf the Strmiddot its o 1middot re rouse bull nd T rt ry
h onventfon on Elbodying P~sc hulcs of tho
Rclmiddotmiddottions bctweenmiddotJrbulln nlt= the Union cf Soviet
ltocilist Rr~ublics 1 srn~d 20 J nur 1925 in
rkine
This Conv0nticn wmiddots signed middotnd rmiddottificd by the
Ciflnmiddotmiddot tory rovcrs
rticle V
45 bull Tho High 0ontrbullmiddotcting ~ rtis soleMnl ffirm
thcr desire middotnd intention to liv~ in rbull~cc middotnd
bullmiddotMitr ri ti emiddot ch ottr scrupulcJsly to rspcct th1
undoubted rieht of Stmiddottc to order its oyn life
1dthin ts own jurisdiction in its own w~y to
rf frmiddot in - ncl rcstrr in bull 11 erson in middot ny govornshy
mentrmiddot l service for th-11 nd 11 or~niz7ticns n
rocir-t of middot O findegncirl rssiitmiddot rc~ fron them frou
middot~ny middot ct ovrt or covrt limiddotmiddotbl fr II) w~y whtcver
to enc1middot n1er the order middot nlt securitr n i n1 rmiddot rt of
thc tcrritoris cf T n n th nlol 1f ltcvivt
Socimiddotljst ~rublios
rt l f11rt~-1r middot ~rcrt1 tmiddot~ t n thtr ontrmiddotct~nq
r-~rty ~~ middot11 rsrr-middotmiddot bull_ t~1 middotr=f( n 1i tr - t-rrltorlis
undr bullts juri stl ctJ vi -- ( middotmiddot ) of c--n izmiddot t~c-re er
irouS pr-tn1ln~ tmiddot bi~ th CTOVcIlll1-lt iCr ~ny r- t
of ttf t~rritorier Gf tb~ ether ~rt~ or b) cf
- 101 shy
alien subjects or citizens who may be found to be
_actually carryinr on political activities for such
organizations or -bullro ups
The Neutrality act t)etween the TTn~on of Soviet
rlccialist Reublics and Tapan siuned 13 April 1941
This ~ect was sirned end ratified~~ the
Signatory rowers bull
~rti cle I
46 Both Contrecti 1g Iarties engage to naintain
peaceful end friendly relations between themselves
and mutually respect the territorhl integrity end
inviolabilit of the other Contracting Party
Article II
47 If one of the Contrectlng Parties becomes the
object of militar action on the part of one or
several other overs the cther Contracting Farty
will r~intaln neutrality during the whole ~ericd of
the conf 11 ct
- 102 shy
list of Lfficiel bullssuronces Violated by JIc1-~nd lncororeted Li Group One
25thmiddot Se~tember 1931 ~het JalBn rad no
territoriel desiens in renchuriamp
2 25th middotcvember 1931 That there was no truth
in the report of a Japanese edvancemiddoton Chinchow
J 22nd December 1931 Thet Chinese sovereignty
would be accented ~no that tre opei c-oor rolicy
would be nsntEned
4 5th Jenu~ r 1 1933 That Jaan hsd no territshy
oriel ellbitons s~ut~ cf Jhe Greet Well in vina
5 25th n~ril 1 1934 middotThat Jepan had no intention
vhatever of seeUn~ leciel privileuroPes in Cbinr of
encrcechire UOn the territorial snd administr11tive
integrit v of Chine or oI creating difficulties for
the bona fide trr-de of other countries middot1th Chne
6 15th uibullust 1 1937 That Janen harboured no
territorial designs on China enrl would middotsprre no
efforts in sefeuardin foreltn interest end r1hts
in Cina
7- Seterber 1937 That Jsren had peecetul
intentionB EJnn e lECY of -territorial designs in
Torth Chins
8 17th Fe_bruery 1 1939 That lfjpaa hid nc
terrl torlel designs in China nc that the occul)bt icI
ietrndnn uetl lU~-her_reP(bullristons_ th Geimiddot=ny 6ld
Itsl~ r~JttiYa t~ ~1 ser r~li-timiddot)ne wlticr tht i11tishy
- middot103 shy
10 l5th April 1940 ~hct Je~sn desired status
quo of the I-etherlands ~est Indies
11 16th ~ey 1940 That Japan had no rIEns nor
pur])ose tomiddot attack the Nettmiddoterlends East Indies
12 24th lerch 1 1941 Thft under no circumst6nces
vculd Jaoen ettacr the United States of 1oerica
Greet Dritein or th etherlancls est lndits
lJ 8th July 1941 That Ja~n rac not so fer
consfderec1 the middot~ossibili t~ of 1ifhtnf the Union
of Soviet Socialist Reublics
14 10th Tulv 1941 Thft Japen cont~plated no
cction rgoinst French lndo-Chne
15 5th middot~cerber 1941 Tht troop riovernnts in
French cndo-Cldna were precauticner1 meltlsUres bull
104 shy
AlPtmrx n
Incor~oreted in Group Three
The Laws and Customs of 1middotar ere established
pertly by tre ~rectice of civilized netions end
pertly by Conventions snd rseurances which are
either directly bindinn upon the parties thereto or
evidence of the established ~nG recognized rules
The Conventions end issurences hereinigtfter rentioned
in eny Prt of this ppendix will be relied upon es
s middothole for both iurposes only the nost leterial ~rticles being nuoted herein
1 The Convention o 4 d_one at The FFgue on the
18th October 1907 concerning the Laws and Customs
of igtr on Lend provides ( inter elie) as follolls
middotcccrding tc the views of the high Gonshy
trectinr- irties thes ~rovisio1s the drafting
of which hes been insrired by the desire to
diminish the evils of war so far ts military
requireoents perflit ere intended to serve JS
a gener~l rule of conduct for the bellirerents
in tteir reletions with the inhnbitants
It hes not 10VEVtir been found rossible
et present to concert stiulctions covering ~11
th circumst~nces lict er~e in rrctlce
Cn the other h~ne tts Eigh Contrecting
irtls clmiddotrly de not intcrd tlJ~t unforeseen
cses stculd in Gefult of written qre(llent
be left to the rtitrar) Cinion of milit~ry
- 105 shy
conms nders
r~ntil o nore ccmrilete c0deuro of th6 laws of
-tar clt-n be drmiddotwn up the Hieh Contr~cting
rrties dee~ it expedient to declPre thbullt in
c~ses not covered by the rules bulldopted by then
the inh~ bi t~nts ltncl the belligerents remr in
under the protGction ~nd governunco of the
princi~les of the lw of nr tions derived from
the us~~es ~stbullblished rmon~ civilized peoples
fron th1 1~ws of humnity middot-middotnd frou the diet~ t6~
of the public consci~nco
The RoguLtions sit out in the nn6x to the sric
Convntion 1tich for~s Tirt tler6of der 1 in
Section I witt Belliger6nts rnd risoncrs of middotcrrr in
qection II witt ao~tiliti(s ~na in Section III with
ilitrry middotuthority over the Territory of the Hostile
Stbullte
middotrticle 4 thereof in Section I provides (intsr
[li~) ~s follows
~r isoners of middotmiddotmiddot-r middotre in thEgt ower oI the
hostile Governmaat but not of th~ indivi6u~ls
or corps wlo cmiddot rture theuron middotbull
Convention lo 10 dcJ~ bull t th sr-r~ time nd
)lce concerns 1middotmiddotritime middotr
The _smiddot id Ccnvntions Yere signed bull nd rmiddottified
by er on ceb~lf cf over fcrt nmiddotmiddot tions including
bJ n middot na ebullmiddotcJ- o tho n~tions bringing t_he ch~rges
in this Indictment Eubject to C6rtrin rescrvtions
- 116 shy
not ere Rteri~l nd ttcus bec~ma rrt or evidence
cf the I~ws bull nd ~uetcms of middotmiddotmiddotr
2 Tho rore eonnlc te code of the I -ws of rr conshy
tenpl td by ttc s id Convention is contdncd iu
relmiddottion tc ~risoners of ~r in tho Inter~ tionl
Convention relmiddot ti ve to thc Trebull traent of risonors
of middotmiddotr done bullmiddott r-cnev on th6 27tli July 1929
(hertinrfter cbullllod the Genev Convention~)
lthoulI pmiddot n did not rbull tify thamp s id Convenshy
tion it bocmiddotne bindinr upon her for one or more of
the folobulling recsons
() It ws sipned on tho srid dmiddotte by or on
beh~lf of forty-seven n tions including
J middotmiddot n middot nu ch of the n tions bri~ging
the cr-rres in this Indlctmnt -nd
rrtified bJ over fdrty n~tions -nd thus
becmiddotmc nrrt or evitiLnce of the Lr~s -nd
Customs of r
( b) corm1uniclttion d ted tho 29th J~nur ry
1942 silned by 10GC Shigunori one of
the bullccused middot s For~ign l~nister on boh~lf
of Jp n ~ddresscd to the swiss inister
in Tokyo contr-incd the following stbulltement
middotlthough not bound by the 0onvention
r_1middot tiv to the Trtmiddot tment of ~middotrisoner~
of r middotJrpmiddotbulln will bullply mutmiddot tis
~1ltmiddot ndis the revisions of thmiddot t
Convcnticn to middotmericn prison~rs of
r In cocununicmiddot tion d- tesd on or - bout ths
- 107 shy
JOth January 1942 addressed to the
Argentine middotinister n Tokllo by TOGO
Shigenori one of the accused es Foreign
middotinister on behalf of- Japan it is stated
The Imperial Government has not yet
ratified the Convention of 27th July
1929 regarding the treatment of prisshy
oners of er They are not therefore
subject to the said Conventionmiddot None
the less trey will anply mutatis
mutendis the conditions of ihet Conshy
vention to English (enedien iustrelmiddot
ien end Jew Zeeland prisoners of war
in their power bullmiddotbull1th regard to suppl
of food and clothin~ to prisoners of
war they will consider on condition
of recinrocity national and racial
custous of the prisoners
By the said comr1unications or one of them
Japan acceded to the seid Convention in
accordence 1dth rticle 95 thereof and
the state of war then existin~ gave inmedshy
iate effect to such accession
middot (_c) The said comiunicetions constituted assurshy
ances to the United States of merica the
United Lingdor1 of Great Britain and North~
Irelane Canada ~ustralia ampnd iiew Zealan
to whoee governments the said coumanicetio
were intended to bb end Nere repeuted by
the raspectivemiddot~ecipients thereof adin
each case to ell nations who were at war
- 108 shy
with Japan
Except in the said natters there are no proshy
visions of tte said Geneva Convention to which the
expression mutatis mutandismiddotbull could properly be
applied
J The International Convention for the meliorshy
ation of the londition of the tmiddotounded and S1ck in
~rmies n the ~ield done at Geneva on the 27th July
1929 ( known as and hereinafter called I the Red Crost
Conventionbulll provides (inter alia) as follews
rrticle 26 The Corunenders-in-Chief of bellig
erent armies shall arrange the details for
carrying out the preceding articles as well as
for cases no~ provided for in accordance with
the instructions of their respective Government
and in conformity with the general principles
of the presampnt Convention ~
Japsn was a party to the said Convention
together with over forty other nations which ttus
becane art or evidence of the lavs an~ middotustorns of
ar In the above-mentioned coilllunicrtion deted on
or about the 29th January 1942 Japan stated
Jspon obs1rves strictly the Ganeva Convention
of 27th July 1929 rulstivs to the R~d Cross
as a state sign1tory of that Convtntion
cAommunicetion dated tblgt 13th Februar 1942
l~ shy
signed by TCG0 1 Shigenori one of the accused as
Foreign l-inister on behalf of Jspe_n addressed to
the swiss Jlinlster in okyo contained the_followlng
statement
The Imperial Government TAill apply during the
present war on con~ltlon of reciprocity the
provisions relative totbe treatment of prisonshy
ers of war of the 27th July 1929 to enemy
civilian internees as fer as applicable to
them enc prQvided that labour will not be
imposed u~on-them contrary to their free choic~
The said communlcetion constituted en assurshy
ance to ell the nations et wer with Je~an (who in
fact carried out the provisions of the said Convenshy
tfon es aplice ble to Jaamiddotnese clvi lien internees)
other then tra Republic ef Chine
The above-mentioned assurances were rereated by
the_ Japanese Foreign inistrymiddot on several occasions
as r~cently as tne 26th i-ay 1943
Epound~cbull11ns CF B1E~CrEs shy
All the offences are oreeches of the Laws end
Custolls of er in ec1dition to end es proved in
pert by the several -~rticles of the Conventions end
assurences specifically nentioned
SEClION NJE
Inhumane treatment contrary imiddotn each ease te
Article 4 of the said Anne_x to the said RagJlbull Conven
- 110 shy
tion end the whole of the said Geneva Convention end
to the s~id assurances In addition to the inhumane
treatment alleged in SectionsTwo to Six hereof
inclusive which are incorporated iri this Sacti6n
prisoners or war end civilian internees were murdere~
beaten tortured and otherwise ill-treated and
female prisoners were raped by members of the
Japanese forces
SECTICN TWO bull
Illegal employnent of prisoner of war labour middotcontrary in each case to rticle 6 of the said Annex
to the said Hague Convention end to ~art III of the
said Geneva Convention end to the said assurances
The said emuloyment was illegal in that
(a) prisoners or war were enployed on work
having connection end direct connection
with the operations of war
(b) prisoners of warwere employed on work for
which they ere hysicelly unsmiddot~ited and
on ~1ork which was unhealthy end dangerous
(c) the duration of daily work wee excessiye
end rrisomiddot1ers middot I-ere not allowed rests of
twenty-four middotconsecuti va hours in each week
(d) conmiddotditions of work wer rendered more
arduous ty c1lsclplinery measures
(e) prisoners were kapt end compalled to work
in unhce lthy cliretEgts end dangerous zones
end without sufficient food clothing or
toots
- 111 ~
SCTI CN Tl-R EE
Refusal sne ftbullilure to raintaln prisoners of
wer contrary tomiddot Article 7 of the said Annex to the
said Heeue Convention and ~rticle 4 end Pert III
trticlai 9 - 12 inclusive of the said Geneva Convenshy
tion and to t~amiddot seid assurances
C~ine to differences ~f netionel and reciel
custo~s the food end ~lothing supplied to the
la~enese troops were even when supplied to rrisonerr
of wor belonging to the white races insufficient
to tiointsin them Adequete food end clothing were
not SUP lied either in ecc9rdance with the said
Conv3nt1ons or the said essurences
The structural end sEnitary conGi tion of the
cc~ps end labour detachments f~iled entirely to
COR)ly with the stid ~rticlee and Yltse extremely
bed unhealth~middot end inadequate
Yashilll ent drinking facilities were inEdequete
end bed
S~TICN FCllR
Excessive and illegal punis~ment of risonars
of war contrery tq Article 8 of the said ~nnex to
the said Hague Convention end to rert III Section
V Chapter) of the said Geneva Convention and tc
the said assurances
(o) Prisoners of ~er ~ere killed beaten and
tortured vithout trial or investigetion of
any kind for alleged offences
(b) such uneuthorlzed punlsbments ware inflict
ed for alleged offences wtlch even if
- 112 shy
proved were not under the seid Conventionis
offences et middoten
(cl collective punishments were imposedmiddot for
individual alleged offences
(d) priscners were sentenced to punishment
more severe then imprisonment for thiity
days t9r stteQpting to escape
(el conditions ot the trial ot prisoners did
not conforn to those laid down in the seid
Chapter
(f) conditions ot lllprisonm~nt ot prisoners
sentenced did not conform to those laid
down in the said Chapter bull
sectCTIlt JrIVE
istreetment or the sick end wounded meicsl
personnel end ferale nurses contrary to Articles 3
14 15 end 25 of the seid Geneva Convention end
rticles 1 9 10 end 12 ot the seid Jee Cross Conshy
vention end to the said assurences
(el Officers end soldiers who were wounded or
sick medical personnel chaplains and
~ersonnel of voluntary aid Societies were
not respected or protected but were
murdered ill-treated end neglected
(b) medical personnel chaplains and personnel
er voluntary aid Societies were ~rongfully
retained in ~apenese hende
(cl female nurses were raped L1urdered and
ill-treated
(d) camps did not possess infirmaries and
- 113 shy
seriously sicJt prisoners ena those requirshy
ing illportant surical treatrent were not
edmittea to ~iliiary or civil institutions
qualifieG to treat them
(e) monthly t1edical inspections were not
arranged
(f) sick and wounded prisoners were transferred
elthou~h their reccvery-was prejudiced by
their journeys bull
S-0CTJO SIX
HuniIiation of prisoners of war ampnd especially
officersi contrary to trticle 8 of tha said Annex to
the said Hafue Conveurontion ana Articles 2 J 18 21
22 and 27 of the seid Geneva Convention and to tbe
seic assurances
(a) Prisoners were aeliberctely ~ept ana nade
to work ~n territories occ~riea by Japan
for the purrose ormiddotex~osing them to thb
nsults end curiosity of the inh~bitants
(bl prisoners in Tapen and in occuried tershy
ritories including officers were compelshy
led to orlt on rampnial tasls and exposed to
l)UbUc view
( c) officer ~r isoners vere -clacect rnaer the
control of ron-commissionea cifictrs and
private soldiers end oonp llLd to selute
them sr6 to wort
Refusel or feilure to collect en trensrnit
- 111 shy
informrtion rrerdinf rrisoners (fmiddot war end rGplies
to enquiriGs on tto subject centrer~ to trticle 14
of the seid Annex tc the seid Pague Convention end
to ~rticles 8 eqd 77 of the seid rsneva Ccnvention
and to the sEid assurances
Proper records were not kept nor inforfileshy
tion supplied es requirLd by the said
rrticles and the riost lmpcrtFnt of such
records as vorc kept were delibLrotely
distroyed
S~CIO rmiddotyenJ
Obstructions of the rirhts of the rrotectine
rowers of RLd Cross Socioties of prisonors of war
end of thair reprcs~nt~tives contrary to rticlc 15
of the seid bnncx to t~e s~id Pcfua Convention ana
t~ lticles Jl 42 44 78 Ln~ 86 of the said cneva
Convention end t9 tho said assurances
( o) The rrnrc sntti vcs of tha bullrotectj ng
Power ( Svd tZerlind) viere refused or not
rrsnt(d pmiddotroission to visit camns rnd
access to premises occupiod by prisoners
(b) vhcn suet rornlssion was gr11nttd ttr were
not allowod to hold conversetion with
prisoners without witnesses or ct ell
(c) on such occasions conditions in eo11ps w_r
dcc(ptively pr_pbrod to apbullepoundir btter thin
nor~1~l rnC rrisomrs wrr thrsttoned with
punishment if thy cornrleincd
(d) prisonErs ampnd th~ir rcprasant~tivss weru
not ellowGd to lllku complaints rs to the
- 115 shy
neturv or -their work or otherwhe or to
correspond rreelmiddot with the nilitery eit~iorshy
ities or tle rrotectin owampr
(e) Red CroEs ~ercels end nail were withheld
Erlloyinf ~oison contrary to the _lnternstionsl
Declaration resiiectin7 Asr-hyxistinf (bulleses siened by
( inter elia) Japen Pnc China st The Hague on the 29th
July 1899 and to ~rticle 2J(a) or the said Annex
to the said Es~ue Convention ane to ftrticle 171 of
the Tremiddotety otmiddotVerseilles
In the w~r~ of Japan ereinst the bullbullerublic
of Cline poison gas was lSed- Ttiis
elleretion is confined to thetmiddot country
smiddotcrr0r~ Tirr
illine enemies who tsvn laid down their
arms Qr no longer tevinr 1esns middotf defence had
surrenderec et discretion contrerr to ~rticle 23( t
of ~he sdlt Annex to this soid Eemiddot u~ Convention
Destruction or cneri rogterty without mlliterJ
Justificeticn or necessit~ end rillege contrary to
rticles2J(1d 2~ end 47 of the seid Annex to tbe
said Haguu Conventic-n
Failure to resrcct iani~middot honcur ed rights
ind V iduel lifEJ r-r1vE ti procrtr end rclifOUS
- 116 -middot
convictions and worship middot111 occ11phd territories and
denortation and ensl~vement ot tte inhabitants
thereof contrery to flrticle 46 or th~ said nnnex to
the said llegue Conventionmiddot end to the Laws end Customs
ot er
Large numbers ct the inhabitants ot such
territories were murdered torturto~ raped
End otherwise ill-treated arrested and
interned without Justificationmiddot sent to
reread labour ano tlir property destroyd
or cont1scotcd
SECTIC~ FT~T
E1111111 survivors ot shipsmiddot sunk by neval action
end crews of cspt11rd snirs contrary to rtich 16
ot irefrue Convention rro io ot 1907
Failure to rcsp0ct ~111tary hospital ships
contrary to ftrticle 1 01 the lEFt-mention0d Convenshy
tion and unleltul use of JamiddotJcnce bosPi ti l ships
centrer to trticles 6 ~ne 8 theraor
XTI crbull PTTn
~ttacks and especially ampttecs ~ithout due
wirning ution noutrl ships
- 117 bull
Statement of Individual Responsibility for Crimes Set Cut in the Indictment
The stetenents hereinefter set forth following
the nerle of each individual Defendant constitute
matters unon which the Frosecution will rely inter
elie as establishin~ the individual responsibility
of tbe Defendants It is charged against each of the Defendants
that he usad the po-er and nrestige of the position
which he held end his rersonel influence in such a
manner that he pro~oted and carried out the offences
set out in each Count of this Indictment in which
his name ap~eers
It is charged against each of the Defendants
that during the periods hereinafter set out against
his nnle he was one of those responsible for all the
acts and omissions of the various Governments of
which he bullas a member and of the various civil
military or naval organizations in vhich he held fl
position of autbcrity
It is crargad against each of the nefendants
as sho~n by the nurnb6rs fiven aftisr bis nalle that
he was ~resent at nr ccncurree in tte dacisions
taken at sole of the conferences end cabinet reetings
leld on or about tte follovinf dates in 1941 which
decisions prepared 1or end led to unlawful war on
7th8th Dece~ber 1941
1 25th June 1941 (Liaison)
2 26th June 1941 (liaison)
J 27th Junt 1941 ( L1a1middotsmiddotcn)
- 118 shy
4 28th June 1941 (Liaison)
5 )0th June 1941 (Supreme Yor Council)
6 2nd July 1941 (Imperial)
1 7th August 1941 (Thought Control Council)
s 22nd August 1941 (Cebinet)
9 6th September 1941 (I1rp6r1al)
10 17th October 1941 ( x-Ireniers)
11 26th iovcnber 1941 ( Liaison)
12 29th 1ovember 1941 (x-Prenier s)
1) 1st December 1941 (Imperial)
14 1st Decenber 1941 (Cabinet)
ARAKI
The Defendant ARAYI bet~een 1926 and 1945 was
amonr other ~s1tions held- Chief of General Affe1ri
Department of the ~ffice or Inspector General or
111tarr Training ( 1931) lin1ster of er under
Inukai end Seito (December 19)1 to July 19)4) e
full General (19))) ember or the Supreae Yer
Council ( 19)4 to 19)6) ember or the Cab1nt
Advisory Council on China (19)7) dacetlon dnister
under ronoye soc then under vrv111middot~ (ley 19)8 to
August 19)9) iember or thE Cabinet ~dvisory
Council (1940)
he D6fondent rc1-nmiddot 1 1 between 1928 enl 194S
we s enoni- other pr id t lone t e 1 d - ColllLlander of the
Special Service Section ln 1snchur1s (September
19)1) Peyor of ukdn ( 5pter1ber to Cctobcr 19Jl)
attached to heedlt1ucrters lwentunr Army ( 19)))
- 119
Chiet Adviser to the rortt China autonooous Govarnshy
111ent Colllllnc5er-in-Chlef reienese 5th Jrri Janchurie
(1938 to 1940) Suprene 1middoter Councillor (1940 to
1943) Inepector Qenerel ot 1111tery lvietion (1941)
tull renerel (April 1941) Cmmendemiddotr-in-Chiet
Eestern Army in l11en (1943)_Ciu1Snder ot the 7th
Aree 11r1111 et Slgeriore (1944 to 1945) Inspector
renerel 111tory Trelninl (A~ril 1945)
Conterenoes- s
he )efe1~dent ~middot~~rITI between 1928 and 1945
was erionmiddot other Gsitions held- etteched rmy
Cenerol Steff Cl9JJ) retired fro-n Army (Pebruery
1936) author cf Iecleretons cf E~gtFr OTO iingoro
(1936) re-entered the Army (1937) commended en
rtillerr Pegillent et the Ree cf llnmiddottdn (1937)
in corlland of Jeranese forces which shelled the
ladybird and the -aney (1937) author of a l~rge
number ot books articles in ~lc iragezine Tai ye
Dd tippon en6 oter rublicE tions end ~utlic
speeclef ell advCcting agrress~ ve wEirfere member
of e nu~ber of societies fer the 1nst1get1on of army
control over ~~11tics end furtherance er er~ressiva
~1erfre proroter of e nunber o lets designed tcshy
renove poll ti clans lti oft lcers Ylhoo he did not
consider sufficiently eecreiEve middote frunder of the
T~~~ (194n) elected to the Lcwer rouse of the
fjit 1194)
- 120 shy
The Detendent f beheen 1928 and 1945 was
aronr other CS1 t1ons held- D1v1s 1onal Colllander in
l-encbur1 (1933) Chlet o ~rmy ~v1at1on Department
( 1935) C=ander or tts Taiwan trmy ( 1936 to 1937)
Inapector reneraLet bull111tary Ecucatlon and L1eJ1be~
ot the S1~1rene tar Council ( tugust 1937 l a full
General (Februa~y 1937) Colroander-1n-Ch1et of the
Jltxped1t1onary Force in Central China (February 1938)middot
ember ot the 3uDrez-e bullmiddoter Council ( January 1939l
middot-er llinlster under be ( ugust 1939 to Januery 1940)
Ccmmander-1n-Ch1et ot the ~xped1t1onary Force 1n
Central Chna (Tuly 1940 to 1944) iel6 lershall bullend ember of the JloCrd ot Jarshele aad d1irels
(June 1944) Insgtector General ot 111tery Sducetion
(Novenber 1944)
PIR 1~
he Defendant -1 middot r between middot1928 end 1945
was among ctler nositlons held- Founder ot the
Yokuhonsta end resident frcir 1926 to 1936 Vice
resident ot Jrlvi Coulc11 (1930 to 1936) rresldent
ot r1vy Council (1936 to 1939) rrLe nnister
( January to middotugust 1939) 1-lnister middot1i thout -middotortfollc
under Konoye and tor a time Eome inister and later
V1ce-remier (July 1940 to Cctrber 1941) ie~ber of
~bought Control Council ueust 141) ires1dent
rrivy Cou~cil (1945)
Conferrnces- l234b7612
- 121 shy
The Defendant PIROT between 1928 end 1945 was
eronr ether Oitlons held- mbeesedor to the Union
or2ov1et Socialist Re~ubl1cs (19JO) Foreign
l~in1eter (Septenber 193) to July 1934) under Saito
end F-ro111 July 1934 to 1arch 1936 under Okede Pr1me
Unister and tor a tine Forei11n i-anitter concurrentli
Wsrch 19)6 to February 19J7) Foreign Jinister under
Yonoye (June 1937 toay 19J8) et1ber or tM
Cabinet middotdvisory C1uncll (1940)
Conrerences- 1012
lOliWO
The Derendent rcsrrrc between 1928 end 1945 bullas snonr other rositions h~ld- Chier General middotrrsirs
Puresu of the Finance Derartment ofbull the i-Snchukuo
Government (19J2) Chief or ~enersl middotrrairs in the
P1nsnce Inistry o anchulrno ( 1934) Vice anister
Finampnce in the ~middotencl ukuo ~cv~rnment ( 1936) Chier
renual ffairs uruu in tho ational middotrrampirs crric
or 1middotanchukuo ( December 1936) Chief of roneral
bullrreirs in lanctutuo (July 1938) =resident or the
Ilannnr Peard enc later 1n1ster without gtortfolio
under l~onoye ( July 1940 to rrll 1941) Chiampf
secretary and Iinieter or 3tate under TClC ( Cctcber
16th 1941 tc July 1944) dviser tc Finance inietrj
(December 1944)
Ccnfersncee- 1114
ITGH
The Defendant IT 11middotI botween 1928 end 1945 wes
- 122 shy
among other rositions heldbull full Colonel 1wentung
Jrm (1929) l~jor General i~wentung trny (1932)
Vice CUet of Steff Kwentung ~rllJbull ( 19J4) Coiunender
5th Division in ~hine (arch 1937) Chief of Steff
1wantune rmy (1936 to 1937) attached to Headquarshy
ters General Start (middotay 1937 ar lln1ster under
Yonoye end HI1~1lJ~ tror~ Jule 1938 to -UpoundUSt 1939
and concurrently resident of the Ianchuriari middotrra1rs
~ureau of the Cebinet Chief of Sterr Japanese middotrmy
in Chine (Se~tember 1939) full General (July 1941)
Commender epenese ray in Iarea (July 1941 to
1945) Uunber of ~upreme imiddoter Council (1943) Comshy
Jlllnder 7th middotrea middotrm in ltin~epore (pr11 1945)
Y The Defendant rmiddotvmiddot between 1928 anamiddot1945 was
among other positions held- yhiet Secretary Finance
Uinietry (1934) mnister of igtinence t June 1937 to
ray 1938) under Konoye on the middotdvieory Ccmmittee
China middottteire lloard (J9J9) resident North China
Developrient Company (19J9 to 1941) P-inence linister
under To-c ( June 1941 to February 1944l Director
IR gtS (1944)
Conferences- 11121314
ICIDO
the Defendant LIDO between 1928 end 1945 wee
among other positions bald- Chief Secretary to the
Lord hampeper of the Priv~ Seal (19JO) Education
Minister under Ionoye ( 1937) Velfare -iinister under
Yonoye (1938) Home Iinieter under hIR PUil 11939)
- 123 shy
Lord Keeper or the Privy Seel (1940middotto 1945) chief
oonfidentiel advisor to the Lmperor and presided et
meetinrs or Ex-rreciers
Conferences- 1012
KU~tR
The Defendant 1I1JR middot between 1928 and 1945 wu
eMon11 other CS1t1ons ~eld- Chief or Starr 1wantung
middotrmy ( 1940) Vice er linister under 1onoye ampnd TCJO
(1941 to lebruer- 1944) lirnber uprece er Council
(194)) Commflder in Chief Japanese rmy Burma
(1944) full General (1945)
YCISC
The Defendant KCISO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- Director lilitery
middot ffairs flureeu of tl6 iar linistry (19)0) Vice
War inister und-er Inukai ( 19)2) Chief or etaff
Ywantunr middotmiddotmiddotmy (19)2 to 1934) ColllilBnder Jenampnese
middotrcy Korea_ (19)5 to 19)6) a full General (19)7)
Overseas inister under BI l1 (19)9) end under
ona1 (1940) Governor General 1oree (Iay 1942)
rime l1nlstir ( uly 1914 to pril 194S)
~TSbullTI
The Defendant ~~TstI between 1928 and 1945 was
8llOilF other rosltions heldbull Re)resentetive of the
Japanese ~rmy at the Geneva Conference (19)1) 1lerober
of the upreme iar Council (arch 19))) a full
General (19JJ) a founder of the Greater ~est Asia
Society (19JJ) Commender-in-Chief Japanese forces
- 124 shy
in Centrel Chine (Cctober 1937 to February 1938)
Hember ot the Cabinet dvisory Council (July 1938
to Januari 1940) Adviser to the Asia Pronotion
FeGeration (1940) Aeviser to the rreeter East Asia
Affairs Section or the r~~J (1943) rresident or
the Creater East Asia Davelopient ~ociety (1944)
lllSTCYA
The Defendant middotrSTTCJAbetween 1928 end 1945
was erJOlF other Ositions held- cier Delegate to
the League or etions ~ssembly ( 1933) ~resident ot
the 1-outh lPnorurien =teilwer (19J5 to 1939) Hember
or the c~binet bulldvisory Council (1940) Foreign
linister middot under onoye ( July 1940 to July 1941)
author ot ~show Restcretion (1938) end other books
end articles and ~ublic speeches advocating aggresshy
sive warfare
Conferences- 12~346
rn~bull1t
The Defendant INt~ between 1928 end 1945 was
P~ong other ~ositions held- Commander Japanese
rm Korea I1929) Ver iniampter under bullTekatsulci
(l-ril 193_1 to Lecember 1931) 5uprame 1er Councillor
( 1931 to 1934) Coanender-in-Chief Kvantung rmy
( 1934 to 19J6) Governor Cenerl of 1oree ( 1936 to
1942) Jenber or tle rmiddotriv~ Council ( 1942 to 1945)
~resident or the l~liticel tssocietion of Greet
Taren (1945)
- 125 shy
tTO
The Defendant lUTO between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held- Instructor et the
ilitsry lttoff College (19)0 to 19)2) Senior Otticer
ot the rilitery ~ttairs Bureau of the Her inistry
(19)5 to 19)6) Chief ot a section ot the General
st111tt ( 1937) attached Headquarters Starr Central
China bullrmy (1Lgust 19)7) Colonel attached to
1wantung bullrmy Headquarters Ctlet ot the llilitsry
ftairs Eureau ( October 19)9 to pril 1942 l
colllllsnded 2nd Guards Division in Sumatra (194))
C~iet ot Steft or the 14th ree middotrmy in the rhilishy
ppines under Gener~l Ycmashite (October 1944)
Conferences- 12346911lJ
The Defendant 1rmiddotcmiddotn0 between 1928 end 1945 was
1mong other J)ositions held- Vice Chief Nevel
General 3teft (1930) Delegate to the Geneve Pavel
Conference ( 1931) Lember Supreme 1er Council ( 19JJ)
full dmirel (1934) Chief Delegate to London Naval
Conference (19)5) Navy 1inister under HIROT~ (Mer ch
1936 to February 19)7) _ Ccmmen~ar-in-Chiet ot
Conbined Fleet (19)7) Hember of Supreme er Council
(1940) Chiet of Navel General Steff (April 1941 to
February 1944) Supreme Yaval Adviser to the iLperor
tram February 1944
Conferences- l2J469lllJ
or~
The Defendant CFA between 1928 enG 1945 was
- 126 shy
BllOne other ~ositions held- on the Vevel Generil
Sterr (1930) section Cbie1 Generel end uilitery
Atteirs Pureau of tbe bullavy (1938) Cbie1 General
and llltery ftelrs Bureaux ot the lmiddotavy_ (October
1940 to August 1944) Vice Adlral ( 1942) Vice
Navy Hinster (20 July 1944) under 1crso Commandershy
1n-Cbie1 Ch1nka1- (Korea) tavel Stetlon (Septeriber
1944 to June 1945)
Conferences- 1234691113
The Defendant OKAVA between 1928 and 1945 was
eflong otner rositlons held- Director GeMtral of
the iest ~sis Research nstitute of the South
lenct-urien 1e1lwe rroll 1926 en orcsnizer of tte
ukden Incicent (Se-ptember 18th 1931) author of
t temiddotSnese Fistory Reeder (1935) enci 01 books
articles encl sreEeches advocatine aggressive war tormiddot
the expulsicn by force ot the wtit~ races from Asiamiddot
OSHD~
middotThe Jefendent C~~IM_ between 1928 end 194i 11es
llllong other rostlons held - ~llltery ttache in
Berlin (1936) tllbassedor tc ~ermeny (October 1938
to Octobe~ 1939) and egeln fron February 1941 to
rrril 1945
S 1TC
The Defendant SC b~tveen 1928 and 1945 was
among other Csitions held- Instructor rny Gonerel
Steff Colloga (1935) sttecbed to the ilitery middot-L middot
- 127 shy
bulltta1rs Bureau ot thfl Har ~1n1str~ enler or the
lenn1ng Poard (1937 to 19)8) Chief ot the 1111 tery
tta1rs Section ot the i111tery middottte1rs Auresu ot
themiddotrer r1n1stry (Februer3 1941 to middotpril 1942)
ISJor G6nerel (October 1941) Chiflt ot ilitary
tta1rs Pureau ot the tmiddoter 1n1stry ( pr11 1942 to
December 1944) Lieutenant Genpoundral (arch 1945)
the Defendant FGllITSU batveen 1928 and 1945
WEIS oiong other positions 1eld - l1nistEr to China
(1931) Vice lorolcn lnister under Saito and Cikede
(1933 to 19)6) cbessador to the Tnion ot 3ov1et
Socialist Relulillcs Wovemb6r 1936 to Nov61ilb6r 1938)
middotibessftor to t-re6t Britain ( 1938 to June 1941)
middotrebassedor to the 1-Tanltinr i_lrgtPet JovernnLnt (Decmb3r
1941 to Jril 1943) Foreitn inister under_ TOlO
( bullyr11 194) to July 1944) and Fordgn rinister and
concurrently linister for Greiter est sia under
KCI~O (July 1944 to hril 1945)
SHIWDA
The Detendent SRilJDA betveen 1928 nd 1945
was ar1ong other positions talC- Chier ot 5tatt
Combined Fleet (1930) Vice CMet revel General
Steft ( 1935 to 1937) Comlander of the econd Fleetmiddot
(December 19)7) COIJll8nder Chine Fleet (ay 1940)
full Admiral (1940) -ev_y inister under TClC (Cctoshy
ber 1941) appointed tc Su~reme middotmiddoter Cc=c1l (1944)
Chiet ot ravel General 3teft (February to July 1944)
Conferences- 12i314
bull 128 shy
SHIRATOR
The Defendant $IRAT0RI between 1928 and 1945
was eeong other positions held- Chief or Intorlll8shy
tion Bureau or the loreien Office ( 1930 h ~inister
to sweden orwar Denmark Finland (1936) Ambasbull
aador to Italy (1939) Adviser Japanese Foreign
Office (1940) author of an article in Conte~porary
Japan po1nt1ni_r out the necessity of a World Conflict
to establishmiddotthe llew Order in Asia (hpr11 le
1941) Director IR~Ps (1943)
suzmr
The Defendant SUZ~IYI between-1928 end 1945 was
among other middotpositions held- Lember of the middot111 tery
ffsirs Section or the War Iinistry middot(19Jl) attached
to the Bureau or ~litary ffairs of the ~er Departshy
ment (19J3) Official ot the Investigation Bureau
or the Cabinet (193S) Regimental Col11118nder of the
14th Regiment (1936) Chiefmiddot or the Political Affairs
Division or the Chine ~fairs Poard (December 19J8
to lpril 1941) actill8 Director General thereof
in 1940 middotrreeid~nt ot the Cabinet Planning Board
end Iinieter without orttolio (pr11 1941 to
Cctober 1943) under Konoye and T0ir Cabinet dviser
(Noveriber 1943 to Se~tember 1944) Director or the
IR 1bullbull t (1944)
Conrerances- 689111314
TOGO
The Defendant TOGO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- i~beesedor to (eroany
bull 129
(October 1937) Ambassador to tlll Obion ot Soviet
Socialist Republics (October 1938) Foreign Minister
and Minister for overseas Affairs under TOJO (October
1941 to )larch 1942) Foreign Xinist er and Kini st er
or Greater East Asia WJier SUZUKI (April 1945)
Conterences1- 11121314
TOJ01
The Detendlllt TOJO betireen 1928 ani 1945 was
among Other pos1tions held- Head ot the First
Section or the General Start (1931 to 1932) Chiet
or the Investigation Section or the Am7 Communica-
tions School (1932) Col11111ll1der or the Xilitar7
Police or the Kwantung Ann7 (1935) Chief or Starr
Kwantung Arrrrr (1937) Vice War Minister under
Konoye (Xay to Decenber 1938) Director General or
111litary Aviation (1938 to 1939) far llinb ter umer
Konoye (Julr 1940 to Decelligter 1941) tull General
(October 1940) Prime Ministerand war Minister
concurrentlr (December 2 1941 to Julr 1944) shy
during which period he was also at tirnea Rome
K1n1ster Minister or Jlunitlona and Chier or
General Starr
Conterences1bulll23456S9ll121314
UKEZUI
The Defendant UIIEZU between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held1- Chier or the General
Affairs Depart~~t ot thll War K1n1strr (1931)
Commander of the Japanese Forces 1n China (1934)
Vice war J1n1ster under HIROT Barash and Xonore
(Karch 1936 to Mar 1938) Comnanter of the Kwan tung
Armr and Ambassador to Manchukuo (1939 to 1944)
tull General (1940) Chief or General start (Jul7
1944 to 1945)
bullbull 11011bull 150 shy
- ANNEXES
-
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
-
- A-1 THE POTSDAM DECLARATION
- A-1-a JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-b REPLY BY SECRETARY OF STATE TO JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-c FINAL JAPANESE ACCEPTANCE
- A-2 INSTRUMENT OF SURRENDER
- A-3 MOSCOW CONFERENCE AGREEMET
- A-4 SPECIAL PROCLAMATION ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-5 CHARTER OF THE INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-6 INDICTMENT
-
- GROUP ONE CRIMES AGAINST PEACE
-
- Count 1
- Count 2
- Count 3
- Count 4
- Count 5
- Count 6
- Count 7
- Count 8
- Count 9
- Count 10
- Count 11
- Count 12
- Count 13
- Count 14
- Count 15
- Count 16
- Count 17
- Count 18
- Count 19
- Count 20
- Count 21
- Count 22
- Count 23
- Count 24
- Count 25
- Count 26
- Count 27
- Count 28
- Count 29
- Count 30
- Count 31
- Count 32
- Count 33
- Count 34
- Count 35
- Count 36
-
- GROUP TWO MURDER
-
- Count 37
- Count 38
- Count 39
- Count 40
- Count 41
- Count 42
- Count 43
- Count 44
- Count 45
- Count 46
- Count 47
- Count 48
- Count 49
- Count 50
- Count 51
- Count 52
-
- GROUP THREE CONVENTIONAL WAR CRIMES AND CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY
-
- Count 53
- Count 54
- Count 55
-
- APPENDICES
-
- APPENDIX A SUMMARIZED PARTICULARS
-
- SECTION 1 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN MANCHURIA
- SECTION 2 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN THE REST OF CHINA
- SECTION 3 ECONOMIC AGGRESSION IN CHINA AND GREATER EAST ASIA
- SECTION 4 METHODS OF CORRUPTION AND COERCION IN CHINA AND OTHER OCCUPIED TERRITORIES
- SECTION 5 GENERAL PREPARATION FOR WAR
- SECTION 6 THE ORGANIZATION OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FOR WAR
- SECTION 7 COLLABORATION BETWEEN JAPAN GERMANY AND ITALY AGGRESSION AGAINST FRENCH INDO-CHINA AND THAILAND
- SECTION 8 AGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION
- SECTION 9 JAPAN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA THE COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILLIPPINES AND THE BRITISH COMMONWEALTH OF NATIONS
- SECTION 10 JAPAN THE KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS AND THE REPUBLIC OF PORTUGAL
-
- APPENDIX B LIST OF ARTICLES OF TREATIES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUO ONE AND TWO
- APPENDIX C LIST OF OFFICIAL ASSURANCES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUP ONE
- APPENDIX D INCORPORATED IN GROUP THREE
- APPENDIX E STATEMENT OF INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR CRIMES SET OUT IN THE INDICTMENT
-
JlliEX NO J-1-b
JUDGlENT
INT1RNTIONL IILITay TRIBUNAL FOF THI FJR ElST
REPLY BY SECPLTRY OF STTE TO JJPfuESE CULIFIED ieCCEPTJjCJE
Auust 11 1915
Sir1
I hnve the honor to ~cknowledre receipt of y)ur
note of Auust 10 nnd in rc~ly to inforri you thrt
the Prcsitent of th lnitcd Sttes h~s directed rie
to send to you f~r trrnsrrission by y)ur r0vcrnncnt
to the JlJnese G)vern1ent the follminp r-essire In
brmiddothnlf of the Govcrnncnts of the United Strtcs the
Uni tcd Kinrdoo the Union of Sovkt $)cidist
neublics rnd Chinni
1th rcpr-rd to the Jr-rncgtsc Governricntbulls
rcmiddotSS1fe lCCPtinp the tcri-s ~f the Fotsdri roclcshy
mrti 1n but Cmiddotgtntdninp the strtfmcnt 1 with the
understinclinp thot the stid dcclnr~tion dx s not
comprise rny deoond which rejudicesmiddot the prerontives
or His Majesty cs P sovcrcirn ruler 1 our rosition
is ns folloi-1s1
Fr)ri the riomc-nt of surrender the ruthrity
of the- Er1perr nd the Jnnesc Govcrrnirnt to rule
the stotc s~all be subject to the Surei-~ Clrinrnder
or the llied iov1crs who v1ill t-ke such sters rs he
decr-s roper to cffc ctute the surrender tcrlbullS
The Emperor will be requirec1 to riuth0rize ond
c-nsure thpound sir-nature by the Govcrnrient of Jrrrn nd
the Jn~onese Irirerinl General Hrndqurrtcrs of the
- shy
surrender terns necessary to ccrry out tho proshy
visions ot the ctsdan r~cleretion and shell issue
his couiands to ell tte ~aanesa llilitcr- mvcl
end eir authorities en~ to ell the forces under
th~ir control whoravor locrtod to cease octiva
opcrctions rnd to surrender their trns cnd to
issue suet- otter orders ts tte 3urrelle Cor1itndor
n y relulre to -ltive effect to the surrender terms
Ifll~dietelmiddot unon the surrsnder tho Jarenese
Governnent shell trcnsort rtscners of Vii r end
clvilim int ornees to pleces of s foty cs directd
whera thQ~ cen quickly bb plLced cboerd Allied
trrnsrorts
ThG ultiwt forr1 of eovernnont of Jcpcn
sh~ll in occcrdtnce with the ~otsdcm Decl~rrtion
be cstablisbcd by the freely cxrressed ~111 of tho
Jcpampnesa ~~oplc
Th rr1Gd forces of the Allied iowers will
re r-ln in s--n until the bullurroros set forth in the
otsd~ll declerr tion ore 1middotchlcved
Acccrt Sir the ronewad rssuronces of ry
highest consider~tion
r middotox r-rnssli Ctrge d Jffioires fd Interpound of
Switzcrlnd
- 8 shy
1JU1EX NO 1-1-c
JUDGIENT
INTERNJTIONL MILITARY TRIBUNiL FOR TEE FJR EAST
FINbL JbPIJESE ACCEPTANCE
LBGATION DE SUISSE bullwASHINGTON DC
Aurust 14 1945
Sir1
I have the h~nlr to refer to ylur note of
Aurust 11 in which you requested me to trcnsmit to
oy Government the re~ly ~f the Govcr=nts lf the
United st~tes the United Kinrdom the Union or
Slviet Slcialist Rc~ublics end Chine to the ressape
frlm the Jcpcneso a~vcrnoent which wcs com~unicntcd
in my n~te of August 10
lt 2010 todoy (Swiss Tine) the Jnpcnese
Minister to Switzcrlcnd conveyed the followiflishy
written strtclient to the Swiss Govcrnoent for trrnsshy
1issiln to the four Allied Glvnnmcnts1
Comtiunicrtion of the J~rrnesc Governnent
of Aurust 14 1945 cddressed to the Governoents
of the Unitcd Stetes Greet Britain the Slviet
Union ~nd Chinas 1171th reference to the Jcprnesc Governshy
rpound n11s hote lf 1uust 10 tqrardinl thE ir
nccer~cnce ~r the ~rovisi~ns of the Potsdam
Dcclorrtiln ~na the reply lf the Governments
f the United St~tcs Great Britain tho
Swi1ot Union l)nc Chini srnt by Jrnericn Sccreshy
t~ry f st~tc Zyrncs under the date of AUJUSt 11
- 9 shy
the J~pcnese Governricnt h~vc tho honor to cocshy
nunictc to the rovernnents of the four powers
rs follows
l Fis l~jcsty the ErrEgtror h-s iesued
rn nnerhl rescri~t rcfrrdine- Jprn s ccccptshy
nca of the nrovsions of thamp Potsd2c Daclcrcshy
tion
2 Fis Lr Jc sty the Jmperor is prcprrtid
to ~middotuthorize ~nd cnsur the signtture by his
Gcverrwunt cnd the Imperil-I Gcnerrl Herdqucrters
of the necessmiddot ry terris for crrry1ng out the
provisions of the fotsdc Deel rr tion Eis
r jesty is bull lso repf red to issue his coonrmiddotnds
to r-11 the nilitrry nmiddotvcl rnd middotir uthorities
of Jltpn degnd ell th forces uncicr thtiir control
vherever loc tcd to cs~ se ctive opertions to
surrender -rllS rnd to issue such other orders
s rny b required b the 5urrma Conrl nder of
the lli(d Feroes for th~ execution of th
bull bove-ncntioncd tcrls
1capt lr th- r~newtd rssurrnces of my
hiFhest consictertion
Grrssli Chrrge d middotrrires middotrd interim
of SWitzerlr nd
1r ~x Grssli Chmiddot rge abull rr~ ires middot d InteriL~ or
3yeni tzerlr nd
- 10 shy
A~TJIl TC J -2
JlJDG E-T
HTmmiddotmICITAL )III~RY TRIBUNtL FCR TH FAR EAST
e acting b command of and in behalf of the
ELlperor cf Jaran the Japanese ~overnment en~ the
Ja~anese Imperial General Feadouarters hereby
accept the provisions set forth in the declaretioc
issued by the heads or the Governments of the TTnited
States C ine end Great flritain on 26 July 1945 at
rotsdeo and subsequently adhered to b) the Union
of Soviet Socialist Re~ublics which four powers
ere hereafter referred to as the Allied ~ewers
e hereby proclain the unconditional surrender
to tte Jllied rowers of the Jarenese Imperial General
Heacq_uarters end of all anenese armed forces and
ell arMed forces under Jaanese control wherever
situated
e hereby collllend all Japanese foroes wherever
situated and the Je~epese people to cease hostilities
forthwith t(l preserve enc save fror- daoate ell
ships Eircreft and Eilitery ahd civil property
end to ccMply with all requirecents which may be
irroosed bmiddot the Supreme Cotlllenltler for the Allied
Powers or by agencies of the Jaranese Government at
his direction
middote hereby collllanc the Japanese rr~erial General
Peodquarters to issue at once orders to the Comshy
manders of ell Jaenese forces end all forces under
- 11 shy
middotJaanese control vherever situated to surrender
unconditionslly themselves and all forces under
their control
e hereby corllland all civil military end naval
officials to obey end enforce all proclsmetions
orders end directives deerued by the Supreme Comshy
mender for the Allied ~ewers to be proper to
effectuate this surrender end issued bmiddot hio or under
his authority and~~ direct all such officials to
re~~in at their posts end to continue to perform
their non-combatant duties unless specifically
relieved by hi1 er under his author ty
middotmiddote hereby undertaYe for the ELperor the
JaTienese Government end their successors to carry
out the provisions of the otsdan Declaration in
~cod feith end to issue whatever orders and teke
whatever action nay be rerured bl the Suprene
Corllonder for tte Allied rowers or by ony other
designated rspres~ntative of the tllied ~ewers for
tlie ~-urose or riving effect to that Decl1ration
e hcrebi corlland the Japenese Inerial
rovernrent ond the Japanese ImTierial General headshy
quarters et once to liberate all allied prisoners
of Mr end civilisn internees now under Japanese
control end to provide for their ~rotection cere
lillintenence and illllediete trans)ortrtion to places
es directed
~he euthority of ths m~eror and the Japanese
Government to rule the state shall be subject to
th~ 8upreme Colllllcnder for ths Allied Powers who will
tike auch steps as he deems proper to effectuate
- 12 shy
these terms or surrender
51gned et TokO Bsmiddot Janen at 0904 on the
Second dry of September 1945
By Command find In b6 alf of the Emnoror of Japan end the Jepanese Gov3rnment
Ycshirro Umezully Cornrnd endn behe lf of the JAFtnese lnperitl Genersl Hecduerters
fcCftod ct Tytyo E~ Te pan Et 0908 on the
~eccnd dry of lt1ertairbor 1945 for the ttnited Stctes
Reublio of Chine United fingdoP1 rnd the Union of
Soviet kci~list Republics e-nd in the interests of
the other Tnited Nrtions rt lier with Jopcn
C l NiMit z Unlted St~tes Representtive
Hsu Yung-ChFnll
Bruce Fr-ser United Kinqcon JepresentEtive
lieuten~nt renerrl K Derevyrnko Union of ~ovlet Soolrllst RepublicsRepresent~tive
T bull Blrmy Corimiddotcnwer-lth of fustrlic RepreBEnhtive
I bull toore Cos lr ne DoMinlcn cf eenfdf lepresentctrve
le Chrc ~rovl~icnsl Gov~rnment of the French Republic qerrescnt~tive
- lJ shy
C ~ 1 Helfrich flngdom of the ~c~hcrlmiddotncs Reprsent~tive
Ltonmiddotrd middot Isittmiddot Doninion of Pew Zcmiddotlmiddotnd Rcnrcsentctive
~ccptin the terms set forth in tho De~l r shy
tion issued br the heds of the Goverll1lcnts of the
1Jni tcd st tes Grert Eritcin ind Lhin on July 26
1945 r-t otsdru nd subsequently ~dhered to by the
Union of ~oviet Soci list Re~ublics I hva commnde4
the lmiddot J nose Irperil Governm-nt ~nd the J1p~ nese
lllperi l Gener~ 1 He dqu~rter13 to sign on my behlf
the instrument of surrender presented by the Supreme
ColDlmiddot nder for the llied owsrs 7nd to issue Generfl
Orders to the lil1trry bullnd IIbullvbulll forces in cccordrnclt
with the direction of the Supr5lilC Comm ndw- for the
llied Fowers I co=rnd rll my people forthwith to
cerse hostilities to lbully down their irms nd fbullithshy
fullr to c~rry out middot11 the provisions of the instrushy
rent of surrcndor middotnd th Generrl Orders issued by
the ry~ nese Im~erirl C-encrbull 1 lier dqu~ rters thereunde
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JNNEX NO J-3
JUDGMENT
INTLRNATIONAL MILITRY TRIBUNJ FOR THE FAR EA-
MOSCOV CONFERENCE AGREE-ENT
The Forei rn Ministers of the Union If Soviet
Scicl1st Republics the United Kinrdom and ~e United Stetes of ncricn met in Moscow frrr December
16 to December 26 1945 in ncc0rd with the
decision of the Crimea Conference poundOnf1rmed nt t~
Berlin C0nference thet there shuld be er ind ic conshy
sultnt11ll between them At the meetinfs of the 3
Foreign Ministers discussions took plnce on nn
informnl nnd erlorntory bnsis r-nd crrecmrnt wns
renched on the follow1np questions bull
bullbullibullbull
i The Supreme Commnltkr shdl 1ssuc nll
Orders for the inplmiddotmcntati ln of the Terms of
SurrendEr the Occupatigtns end control of J~)~n
nnd Dirc-ctives supplercmiddotntnry thereto In middotoll cases
action will be cnrricd cgtut uncer me throurh the
Supreme Commender who is the s0le Excmiddotcutive ruth0rity
for the Allied Povers in Joprn He 1ill consult nnd
id vise vii th the Council in ndvnnce of thc is sunnce
gtf Orders on mnttcrs of substance the rxirencies
of the situation permittinr his decisions upon
these octtcrs shall be controllinr
middot
- 15 shy
mrtJC T( -4
Jl JYl TJ-1T
=rcr middotr ircr middotmiddotmiddotmiddot1rr~r
JTltlISP~T ( 11 1 TCI IIIT1Y TRI~UNL
FOR CU~ FR ~ST
ViHlES the United Ltetes end the Netions
allied therewith in orposing the illegal wars of
aggression of the middotxis fJetions have froll time to
tine made declarations cf their intentions that
war crininals should be brought to justice
17 middot the Governnents of the middot111ed -ewers
et war with Japan en the 26th July 1945 at ~otsdam
declared as one of the terns of surrender that
middotstern Sustice shall be meted out to all Yer crimshy
inals including those who hove visited cruelties
upon our ~risoners
F~ middot b~middot the Instrument of Surrender of
Tenen eirecuted et ollt~middoto lay Jaran on the 2nd
lterter1er 1945 the signatories for Tapan by
colnllenc of and n behalf of the un~a~or enc the
re~anese Government accented the terms set forth
in such Declaration at otsddm
FE1 middot by such Instrument of Surrender the
authority of tle Srnperor and the Ja~ anese Government
to rule the etate of middotr_aen is made subject to the
Suprene Cv~bullbuller for the bull-llied owers who is
suthorized to take such steps as he deems proper
tc- effectuate the terms of surrender
- 16 shy
HEREbull 5 the undersigned has been designated by
the lied overs as Suprelle Colltander for the
llied ~obullers to carry into effect the general
surrender of the Japanese arned forces
middotmiddot~middot S the Governments of the United States
Great lri tain -nd russia at the middotoscoy Conference
26th Decer1ber 1945 having considcrei the effectushy
ation by Jaan of the Teris of surrender with tte
concurrence of China have agreed thet the Supreme
ColMander shall issue all Crders for the implamenshy
tetion of the Terns ot Surrender
rC1middot11 THffSFORl I Douglas Hae rthur BS
Supreme Co~mender for the llied rowers by virtue
of the authority so conferred upon ne in order to
imlement the Term of Surrender which requires the
meting out of stern justice to war criminals do
order and provide as follows
RTICl~ 1 There shall be established en
International 1-ilitery Tribunal for the Far est
for the trial of those persons charged individually
o~ es members of oranizations or in both capacishy
ties yith Qffenses which include crimes against
peace
middotR~ICI~ 2 The Constitution jurisdiction and
functions of this Tribunal are those set forth in
the Ghnter of the International lilitiry Tribunal
for thpound ~er Vest a~~roved by mo this day
middot~~JCI~middot3 Nothing in this Order shell
prejudice theJurisdiction of any other internatione
netlonel or occuretion court conriission or other
tribunal established or to be established in Japan
bull 17
or in any territory or a United Nation with Which
Jann has been at war for the trial or war
criminols
Given under my hand et Tokyo this 19th dey
of January 1946
be bullt Iso RTHUR Gontrol of the rmy United State$ rmySupreme Commender for the llied Powers
bull
- 18 shy
ArJllEX NO bull A-5
JODGMBIU
CHARTER
OF THE HJJill~ATICNH lILITARY TRIBUNAL FCR T~o FPR EAST
SECTICI~ I
COSITlJICN CF TRIBU1~~L
ARTICIE 1 middotTribunal Established The Intershy
national Yilitary Tribunal for the Far East is hereshy
by established for the just ano prompt trial and
punishment of the major war criminals in the Far
East The permanent seat of the Tribunal is in
Tokyo
4ITIC1E 2 embers The Tribunal ehall c 0
onsistmiddot
of not less than six ne~bers ruir ncre than eleven
members appointed by the Supreme Commander for the
Allied ~ewers from the names submitted by the Signashy
tories to the Instrument of qurrender India and
Phe Commonwealth of the Philippines
AlTICLE 3 Officers and Secretariat
a President The Supreme Commander for
the lllied Powers Shall appoint a Member to be
President of the Tribunal
b Secretariat
(1) The Secretariat ot the Tribunal
shall be composed o~ a General
Secretary to be appointed by the
Supreme Commander tor tle llied
Powers end such assistant seersshy
bull 19 bull
tariee clerks interpreters erd
other personnel as may be necesshy
sary
(2) The General Secretary shall organshy
ize and direct the work of the
Secretariat
()) The Secreteriet shell receive ell
documents addressed to the
Tribunal maintain the records or
the Tribunal provide necessary
clerical services to the Tribunal
end its members and perform such
other duties as may be designated
by the Tribunal
JRTICL 4 Convening and uorum Votinl1 1 and
bsence
a Convening and luorum When as many as
six members or the Tribunal are present they may
convene the Tribunal in formel session The
presence ore majority or ell members shall be
necessary to constitute e quorum
b Voting All decisions end judgments
of this ~rlbunel including convictions an~ sentenshy
ces shall be by a maJorit7 vote or those members
or the Tribunal present rn case the votes are
evenly divided the vote or the ~resident shall be
decisive
c Abseaoe Ir a member et any time is
absent a~d afterwards ls able to be ~resent he
shall take part in ell subsequent proceeding~
unless he declares 1n open court that he is disbull
- 20 bull
quelitied by reeson of insutticient middottsriiliarity with
the proceedings which took place in his absence
SllCJICN II
Jll~ISDICTINT HD Gll1-~AL ~OVISIOTS
ltRTICIE 5 Jurisdiction Cver ersons end
Offenses The ~r1bunel shall heve the power to try
and runis~ Fer e~tern wer cri~inals who es indivshy
iduals or as members of orranizetions ere charged
with offenses which Lclude Criries against Peace
Tbeefol_lovinr acts or eny of them are crimes
coni~e within the jurisdiction of the ~ribunel for
which there shall be individual responsibility
a Criries against Peace Namely the
planning ~reparation ni_iation or waging of a
declereo or undeclared var of aggression or a war
in violation of intern~tionul lew trerties agreeshy
ments or ossurpoundnces or perticipction in o common
plr n or cc nspirr cy for the occon91iehment of lny of
the foregoing
6 Conventionel ~r ~rires Nenely
vioLtions ot the lrws or custocs of wer
c CriJ11es rrrinst -uw nity Nrmely
curdor extcrmintion enslvcment deportrtion
nd other inhum-ne ~cts committed before or during
the w~r or pereeoutions on politicrl or rtciEl
grounds in execution ot or in connection with my
crime ~ithin the urisdiction of the Tribunrl
whether er not in violbulltion of the domestic 1w of
the country -here perp1tr( ted Le~dcrs orgnizers
lnstig~tors middot nd rccomplices prrticipbull ting in the
- 21 shy
tormuletion or executiomiddotn of a common plan or conshy
spiracy to commit any otmiddotthe foregoing crimes ere
responsible tor eil acts performed by any person
in execution or such plan
RTICL~ 6 Responsibility of Accuse~ Neither
the official position at any time of en ecc~sed 1 nor the feet that an accused acted pursuant to order
of his government or ot a superior shall of itself
be sutficient to free such accused from responsibil shy
ity tor any crime with whi~b he is charged but euch
circumstances may be considered in mitigation of ___
punishment it the Tribunal determines that jus~ioe
so requires
ARTICLE 7 Rules of Procedure The Tribunal
may draft and amend rules of procedure consistent
with the fundamental provisions of this Charter
AR~TCLE 8 Counsel
e Chief of middotcounsel The Chief of Counsel
desieneted by the Supreme Commender tor the Allie4
Powers is responsible for the investigation end
prosecution of charges against war criminals within
the jurisdictionmiddot of this Tribunal and will render
sue~ legal assistance to the Supreme Commander es
is appropriate
b Associate Counsel Any United Netion
with which Japan has been et war may appoint en
~ssociate Counsel to assist the Chief of ~ouneel
SECTICN III
FAIR TRIAL FO~ ACCUSED
ARTICLE 9 Procedure for Feit Trial In order
- 22 shy
t~ nsure fair trial fo~ the accused the following
procedure stell be followed
a Indictment The indictment shell
consist of a plein concise and adequate statement
of each offense charged Each accused shall be
furnished in adequate time for defense a copy of
the indictment including ~ny amendment end of this
Charter in a larguage understood by the accused
b Language The trial and related proshy
ceedings shell be conducted in Eglish and in the
laniuage of the accused Translations of documents
and other papers shall be provided as needed and
requested
c Couns~l for Accused taph accused
shall have the right to be represented by counsel
of his own selection subject to the disapproval
of such counsel at any tifle by the Tribunal The
eccused shall file with the General Secretrry of
the ~ribunal the name of his counsel If an accused
is not represented by counsel and in open court
requests tJe Blbullpointment of counsel the Tribunal
shall designate counsel for him In the absence
of such request the Tribunampl may appoint counsel
for an accused if in its judgment such appointment
is necessery to provide fer a fair trial
d Evidence for Defense An accused
shall have the right through himself or throurmiddoth
his counsel (but not through both) to conduct his defense inclbulliding the right to examine any witness
subject to such reasonable restrictions as the
Tribunal may deterMine
- 23 shy
e Production of ~vidence for the
Defense An accused may ap~ly in writing to the
Tribunal formiddot the Tgtroduction rf witnesses or of
documents The anplication shall state where the
witness or document is thou~ht to be looated It
shall also state the facts nroposed to be proved
by the witness or the document and the relevancy
of such facts to the defense If the ~ritunal
grants the a~plication the Tribunal shall be given
such al d in obtaining nroduction of the evidencemiddot
as the circumstances reouire
ARTICLE 10 Applicetions end Hotions before
Trial All motions epplicatioqs or other requests
addressed to the Tribunal prior to the commencement
of trial shall be made in writing end filed with
the General Secretary of the Tribunal for action
by the Tribunal
S11CTICN IV
J(1RS 0F JRIBTPI ~~D COTDTTCT CF TRIAL
AR~ICLll 11 ~ The Tribunal shall have
the newer
a To summon witnesses to the trial to
require ther to attend and testify and to question
them
b To interrogate each accused and to
~ermit comment on his refusal to answer any question
o To require the production of documents
end other evidentiary material
d To require of each witness ampn oath
affirmation or such declaration ea is customary in
- 24 shy
the country of the witness end to adminiter oaths
e To appoint officers for the carrying
out of any task designated by the lribunal includshy
lng the Ower to Jave evidence taken on corunissicn
AR~ICIE 12 Conduct of Trial The mribunel
shall
a Confine the trial strictly to en
expeditious hearin of the issues raised by the
charges
b Take strict measures tQ prevent en7
action which would cause any unreasonable delay and
rule out irrelevant issues end statements of any
kind whatsoever
c ~rovide for the maintenance of order
at the trial end deal summarily with any contumacy
imposing eppropriete runishment including exclushn
of any accused or ~is cou~sel f~om some or all
further proceedings but without rrejudice to the
deterninPtion of the charges
d Dctcrminamp the mental snd physicel
ccp9city cf en7 accused to riroceed to trial
f8J1E 13 ~vidcnce
e Adgt1issibilitv The Tribunal shell not
be bound bv techniccl rules of evidence It shall
rdopt ~nd ~ply to the gre~test possible extent
expeditious end non-trchnic1 procedure middotnd shr11
dmit ~ny evidence which it deems to hve proktive
vrlue All rur1orted dmissions or stctemcnts of middot
the Cousod re cimissible
b RelGv~ nee Th Tri bun_l m7 r_oquire
to be informed of tho m turc of - ny evidence before
- 25 shy
1t is otteredmiddot-111 order to rule ut1on the relev1 rice
c Specific evidence Pdclssible In
prrticulir ~r~ without limiting in middotny wmiddotmiddoty the
scope ot tbe foreroing gonerrl rules the tolhwing
ovidonce m~y be rdmittcd
(1) A document rcgbullmiddotrdlcss of its
security cl~ssitic~tion nd
without root of its issumiddotnce or
sign~ture which l6~rs to th
Tribunrl to h~ve beonsigntd or
issued by bullny officer dop rtraent
ltgcncy or mtnbcr of thi bullrmed
forces ot rny goverruncnt
(2) A -lt~middott t cl pc(rs to the
Tribun-1 to hrvo bean signed or
issued by tho InternPtiondegl Rod
Cross or r member thcreot or
by r doctor of medicino or n7
medicrl sGrvice personnel or by
rn investlg-tor or intollige~co
officer or by ~ny other person
who middotppers to the Tribunrl to
hrvc nersonPl knowledge ot tha
llltters continod in tho r port
J) An eftidavit deposition or other
signed statement
(4) A diary letter or other document
including sworn or unsworu steteshy
ments-which appear to the Tribushy
nal to contain inforlll8tion relat shy
ing to the chmiddotarge
- 26 shy
(5) A copy of e document of lther
seclnch1ry Evidence lr its contents
if the oripin~l is not immediately
nvPileble
d JudiciPl Not~ce The Tribunal shall
neither require prof of rccts or common knewledpe
nor or the authenticity of ~rricial ~~vernment
~ocuocnts and reports or rny nation or or the proshy
cecdins records end findinrs or militnrymiddot or other
arencies or rny er the United Nations
e Records Exhibits llld Documents The
transcript or the procecdinps rnd exhibits end
documents submitted to theTribun~l will be filed
with the General Stcretary ormiddotthc Tribunal end will
constitute plrt or the Record
RTICLE 14 PlPee or Triel The first trial
will be held at Tokyo end eny subsequent tria~s
~111 be held et such rleces a$ the Tribunnl decides bull
poundIlTICLE 15 Course of Trial Proceedings The
-proceedinfs et tho Trial will take the fcllowing
C1JUISel
a The indictoent will be read in court
unless the roadinf is waived by all accused
b The Tribunalmiddot will ask each accused-
llhothtr he pleads ruilty er not ruilty
c The prosecution and each accused (by
counsel only 1 represented) ~ay ~ake a cmcise
opining stotencnt
d The prosecution ond defense may ofter
evidence nnd the admissibility or the same shall be
dpoundtermined by the Tribune~
- 27 shy
e The rrosecution end each accused bf
coun~el only if represented) JTl8Y examine each
witness and each accused who elves testimony
r ccused (by counsel only if represhy
sented) MSY address the Tribunal
g Tho prosecution may address the
Tribunal
h The Tribunal will deliver Judgment
and pronounce sentence
SECTICm V
JUOOI1INT ~TD 3a~~CE
RTICLE 16 Penolty Tho Tribunal shall have
the ower to im2ose upon an accused on conviction
death or such other ~unisrunent as shall be detershy
runod by it to be just
RTICI~ 17 Judgment end Review The Judgment
willmiddotbo onnounced in open court end will give the
reesons on which it is based The r~cord of the
triampl will be transmitt~d directly to the Supreme
Collllander for tho llied ewers for his action_
Sentence will be carried out in accordance with the
Order 9f the Supreme Commender for the llie_d Powqe
who mBy et ony time reduce or otherwise elter the
sentence except to increase ts severity bull
By comm1cnd or GenErl UooRTliUR
RICH1RD J MiREHLL llljor GEnerrl General-Steff cmiddotorpe
Chief of Steff
OFFICIL
s Bl Fitch B l FITCH
Brigrdior Cenorel 1 GD middot djutrnt General
28 bull
ANNEX NO A-6
JUDGMENT
WTIWATirNAL mIITAtv TRIBUNAL FOR THE PAR EAST
INDICT1NT
THf llTTlD STNJES CF AERICA TtE REPUBLIC OF CHINA
THE T~TIID YINGDO CF qEftT BRITAnr AND UCRTHERN
I~EI~D Tl-TE rmrorr CF SOVIET fCCIAUST R)lPT1J3LICS~
TFli COl~C1llUTF OF ~USTRAUA CArADA THE REgtUBLIC
OF fRAlTCE ii KIYGDrl 01 THE NETHERLAlDS NEW
ZlALAm nDI A AND Tl-~ COlJONWEALllI CF liE
PFILirgtn~s
bullAGAINST shy
A~AKI Sedao DCFIARA Kenji liASHDlOTC _Kingoro
FfTA Sunroku FIRANUMA K11chiro HIROTA Koki
HCSRnro Naciki ITGAKIbull Seishiro l7AYA Okinori
KIDO Koichi KDURA Eeitaro rcrsc Kuniaki
~~fTST1I _Iwene lATSTJCPA Yosuke MDTflI middot Jiro
HOTO llkire NAGAPO Osemi CKA Takasumi OKllllA
Shume1 OJlnfA Hiroshi S-TO Ienryo ffiIGlITSU
Memoru SPnrnA Shiretaro SP-IRATORI Tosh1o
~TZJ~I Teiichi TrGC Shigenori TCJO Hideki
UEZU Yoshijiro
Defendants
INDICJ1Ell
In the years hereinafter refe~red to in thie
Indictment the internal and foreign policies middotor JapaL
were dominated ane directed by a cr~inal militarshy
istic clique and such policies were the cause of
serious world troubles aggressive wars end great
- 29 shy
damage to the interests of reace-loving peoples es
well as the interests of the 1apanese peo1e themshy
selves
~he ampind of the Jananese people wes systematicshy
ally poisoned with harmful ideas of the alleged
raciel superiority of ~aran over other peopls of
Asia and even of the whole world Such parllamentarl
institutions es existed in Japan were used as impleshy
ments for widespread aggression and a system similat
to those tren established by Hitler and the Nazi
party in Germany and by the Faicst party in Italy
was introduced The economic and financial resourtef
of lapan were tc a large extent riobillzed for war
a lJiis to the detrinent of the velfare of the Japanespound
pao~le
A conspiracy between the defencants joined in
br the rulers of othr aggressive countries naLely
Tazi Germany anc Fascist Italy as entered into
The rmiddotain objects of tis consiiracy vmiddotas to secure
the dominetion and exrloltation br the aggressive
States of the rest of tte world end to this end
to collllit or encourage the co~mission of crires
against peace war crimes end criries against humanshy
ity as defined in the Charter of this Tribunal thus
threatening end in~uring the basic principles of
liberty end respect fer the hunen personality
In the _rrorotion end accor1plishment of that
achene t~ese defendants taking advantege of their
power and their official positions and their own
personal ~restige and influence intended to and
did plan prepare initiate er vege aggressive ver
- JObull
against the United States of America the Republic
of China the United Kingdoll of Great Pimiddotaain ampnd
trorthern Irelend the 1Tnion of Soviet 50cialist
Republics the Cort1rtonwea 1th of Australia Canada
the Renublc of France the Yingcom of tre Nethershy
lends Pew Zealenc India tte CoJ11onwea 1th of the
Philippines end other reaceful nations in vioetion
of international law es well as in violetion ol
sacred treat- cotJni tme_nts obligetlons and assurshy
ances such plan ccnteu~leted end carried out th~
vibhtion of recognized custoras end conventions of
war b murder in~ niaiming anlt ill-treating prisoners
of war civilian internees end persons OL the high
sees denyine theM edequate food shelter clothing
medicsmiddotl cere or other alrroprifte attention
forcing them to labour under inhwane conditions
end subjecting thera to indignities exploit to
Japans benefit the llenpower snd economic resources
of the vanquished netions plundering public end
private ))ropert1- wantonly destroying cit tms
end villPges beyond eny justification of m1~~tery
neceesity nerretrate mess murder rape pillege
brigEndage torture ampnd other barbaric cruelties
uron the helpless civiliun populetion of the overshy
run countries increampse tre influence and control
of the- mil1t1Jr nnd navel grours over Jepcnese
government offic lels Fnd egencies psyl)hologicelly
prepare Japan-se public opinion for argressive warshy
fare by establishing so-celled ~ssistcnce Societies
teaching netionelistic policies of expansion disshy
seminetinr w~r proprgende end exercising strict
- Jl shy
control over the press rnd redio set up puppet
governuents in conuered countries conclude rlilit-ry
aliicnces with Germn~middot rnd Itrl to enhnce by
military 1ight Jfnrn s progrtrime of expansion
Therefore the cbove nr-ned N2ticns ty their
undersicned representntives ~uly cppoi~ted to
renresent their respective Gover=ents in the invesshy
tigction of the chorges cgcinst end the prosecution
of the middotIe-jor We r Criminrls iiursuent to the Potsdm
Decl~rton of the 20th Jul 1945 end the Instrushy
ment of Surr-rnder of thE 2nd Septerober 1945 0nd
the Chrrter of the Tri bun 1 hereby 0 ccuse cs guilty
in the respects hsrein~fter set forth of Crimes
igcinst Oeece 1rr Grines rmiddotnd Criries gninst wn1mshy
ity ond of rommon Pl1-bullns or Conspircies to collJlit
these Crimes 211 cs defined in the Ch~rter of the
Tribuml end rccordingly n~me rs Defendnts in this
cruse end cs indicted on the Counts hersin1middotfter set
out in which their n-middotns respectively qipe( r ~11
the [bove-n_med individurls
GRCUP NI CRI89 AGAIST FE CE
The following counts charge Crimes against
Feece being Pcts for which it is charged that the
persons naned and each of trem are indivi~ually
resnonsible in accordance with Article 5 and particshy
ularly frticle 5(a) and (b) of the Charter of the
International ilitary Tribunal for the Far East
and in accordance with International Law or either
of them
- J2 bull
CotTNI 1
P11 the DefendMts together ~1th divers other
persons between the let January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
Axecution of a common rlan or conspirac~ and are
resnonsible for all acts performed by themselves
or br anr )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such ~lan or ccnsniraci was that
Japan should secure the military naval poll ti cal
and economic dorinetion of East bullsia and of the
Pacific and Inaian Oceans and of all countries and
islands therein end bordering thereon and for that
nurpose slould alone or in combination with other
ccuntries hevinf sillilar objectii or who could be
indicecl or coerced to foin therein wage declared
or undeclared wer or wars of aggression and war or
wars middotin violetion of international lew treaties
agreements and assurances ega~nst eny country or
countries which might oppose that ~urpose
The whole of the ~articulars in Appendix A
of the Treaty Jrticles in Appendix B end of the
ssurances in bullppendix C relate to this Count
CCUNT 2
~11 the Defendants toqether with divers other
persons between the 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or eccomrlices in tbe formulation er
execution of a cormiddotUlOn 1an or conspiracy and are
resgtonsi ble for ell acts perforr1ed by themEelves or
by an3middot person ln execution of such plan
- 33 shy
The object of such_pian or conspiracy wes that
laren should ascure the military navel political
end economicmiddot dominction of the rovinces of Lieoning
Kirin Heilunpkieng end lehol bein~ perts of the
Re)ublic cf Chine either directl~ or by establishshy
ing a separate state under the control of Jenen
end for that rurpoae should wage declared or undeshy
clared war or wars of aggression end war or wars
in violation of internationai law treaties agreeshy
ments and assurances against the Republic of China
The whole of the Particulors in ~ppendix 1
the following rrreaty rticles in lpendix P Nos 1
to 6 inclusive 8 to 14 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive
32 to 35 inclusive and tlie following ssurances in
~ppendix C Nos 1 to 8 inclusive relate to this
Count
cmrr-1] 3
All the Defendants together with divers other
oersons betveen tbe 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 particpeted as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a corimon ilan or consbull~racy Fnd are
resionsible for all acts perfoned bi ttemselves or
b1 inymiddot )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or conspirscy wes that
Japan should ~ecure the military navel political
and economic doffiinetion of tha Reutlic of Chins
either directly or by estblishingmiddot separate state
or stctes under the control of Japcn Pnc for thct
~urpose shoulc wage declared or unceclared wrr or
- 34 shy
wars of age-ression end wer or vars in violation
of international law treaties agreements and
assurances agein~t the Rerublic of China
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix l end the sane Treaty rticles and ssurances as in Count
2 relate to this Count
CCTJNT 4
11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons betwemiddoten tle stmiddot Zanuory 1928 and the 2nd
Senterrber 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instieotors or eccomrlices in the formulation or
execution of a comrion lan or cons1gtiracy ind ere
resnonsible for ell sets performed by themselves or
b any person in execution of such plin
The object cf such plan or ccns~iracy was that
Jenan should secure the 11ili tary nuvel political
and economic do11nation of East sia and of the
Facific ond Indian Oceans tnd of ell countries end
islands therein or borderinpound thereon end for thet
purrose should alone or in coabim tion with other
countries bovine sniler objects or who could be
induced or coerced to Join therein wage declared or
undeclered wer or we-rs of aggression and wer or
wars in violPtion of internationhl la~ treaties
egreerents )nd assuu-nces egt-instmiddot the Pnited Strtes
of neric11 tre British Conmonwealth of Nutions
(which expression ~herever used in this Indictment
inoludes the UnitedKingdom of Greot Britsin end
Northern Ire lend the Commonweel th of bullustrelil
CFOds Jew ZePlond South ifiicE India Burma thbull
- 35 shy
I~P lay States end all other narts of the Eri tish
Erpire not serarately represented in the League of
Nations) the Republic of France the lingdom of
the letherlends tre Republic of China the Republic
of Portueel the Kingdom of ~hailand the Cororronshy
wea 1th of the Philippines ana tle tTnion of Soviet
Socialist Reublics or such er them as might oppose
trat ptlIJOOSB
Tle whole of the Particulars in Aopendix A
end of the ~reaty Articles in A9pendix P and of the
Assurances in Appendix C relete to this Count
CCUtT 5
~11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons beteen tJie 1st lanuer 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 rarticipated es leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a conunon plan or conspiracy and are
responsible for all acts performed by themselves or
by an person in execution of such plan
The ob1ect of such plan or conspirec was that
Germany Italy end apan should secure the military
navalmiddot politicalend economic doriination of the
whole world each having special domination in its
own sphere the sphere of Japan covering East tisie
the Pacific and Indien Oceans and all countries end
islands therein or bordering thereon end for that
nurnose should mutually assist one another to wage
declared or undeclared war or wars of aggression
and war or wars in violation of international law
treaties a~reelents end assurances against any
countries which might o~~ose thet ~~rpose and parshy
ticularly against the United States of America the
British Comraonwealth of Nations the Renublic of
France the 1ingdcm of the Netherlands the Republic
of Uhina the Republic cf Portugal the Kingdom of
Thailand the Commonwealth of the Philippines end
the Union of Soviet Socialist Renublics
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix A and
of the Treaty ~rticles in lppendix 1 and of the
Assurances in ppendiz C relate to this Count
CCUNT 6
hll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928middot
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression end a war in violrtion of intershy
national law treaties agreSlents andassurances
against the Renublic of China
The followingSections of the Particulars in
lppendiz rros l to 6 inclusive end the same
Treaty rticles and Assurances as in Count 2 relate
to this Count
COTThT 7
lll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression and a war in violation of intershy
national law treaties agreements end assurences
against the United States of rmerica
The followine middotsections of the Particulars in
1ppendiz middot Nos 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10_ tle folJowshy
ing Treaty ~rticles in Appendix B Nos l to 10
bull 3T bull
inclusive 17 to 19 inclusive 22 to )5 inclusive
end 37 and the whole of the f surences in ppendix
C relate to this Count
CCUNT 8
Ill the Defendants between the 1st Jenury
1928 end the 2nd September 1945 planned and preshy
pared a wer of aggression end e war in viohtion of
international law treaties agreements end assurshy
ances epeinst the lTnited lingdom of ltlreet Britein
end Northern I~elend enc ell rerts of the British
CommonwePlth of Nations not the subject of separate
counts in this Indictment
The following Sections of the ~erticulors in
lpehdix middotbull N~ J 4 5 6 7 9 End 10 nd tbe
fcllowine Trepoundty 1rticles in ppendix B Nos 1 2
5 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive 32 to
)5 inclusive 37 and J8 and the whole of the
bullseuronces in 0pendix C relate to this Count
C(ITJT 9
All the Defendentsmiddotbetween the 1st January
1928 fnd the 2nd September 1945 plEnned end preshy
prred e war of eggression Ende war in violcticn of
internntion~l low treaties egreements anQ assurshy
ences geinst the Cor1nonveilth of ustralie
The sene Sectiofts of the Portioul~rs in
ppendix rnd the some Trety middotrticles poundgtnd ssurshy
~noes rs in Count 8 relrte to this Count
- JS shy
COTHT 10 bull
middot11 tl-J e Defencrrts between the 1st Jonu~ry 192
end tbe 2nd Seutember 1945 plnned cnd prepmiddotred e
wFr of nRression ~nd WPr in vlolbulltion of intershy
nctionamiddot1 l~w tre 0 tics rgreeuents rnd essurampnC6S
cpPinst Rew 7eelrnd
The s~le Cections of the ~rticulirs in ~ppudi
Z end the SEmiddotme Trety rticles end )ssurrnces fS i1
Count 8 relcte to this Count
CCTT 11
111 the Delend~nts beteen the 1st J1middotnurgtry 1921
rnd the 2nd Se~tcober 1945 plnned and prepcred
war of oegression ~nd c wrr in viot~iion of intershy
ntioIel lr-w treeties rgreenents rnd essuronce
rgoinst c~nd3
The srme Sections of the ~rrticulfrs nprendi
middot end the s~ne Trerty rticles nd ssur-nces- rs in
Count 8 relFte to this Count
CCITI 12
f11 tto Dcofendnts between tbe 1st i nury 92
ena tr e 2nc Sef)tenter 1945 ~lenned ~nd nrapired 8
wor of -egresson ind c Wr n viohtion of intershy
nrt~omiddotmiddot--1 lrmiddotw trampcties Fgreenents ~nd cssur~middotnces
against India
The ssroe Sections of the rarticu~ in ~ppendiJ
and the sar-e Treaty rticles end ssurarces as 1
Connt 8 relate to this Count
~ 39 shy
C()TJT 13
~11 the Defendants between the 1st JenuPry 192
and the 2nd September 1945 planned end nrepered a
war of aggression and a wer n violction of intershy
national law treaties agreenents end assurances
against the Corironwealth of tle rilirmiddotnines
The sane Sections of the ~artcul9rs in ppendil
and the ss~e Treaty ~rticles end tssurances as in
Count 7 relate to this Count
CCTTT 14
11 the Defendants between the 1st 1enuary 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 ~lenned aad prersred a
wer of aegression znd a wer in viclEtion of intershy
national law treet-ies egreeraents end assurauces
arainst the Kingdol of the ~TeterlEltnds
The following Sections cf the Particulars in
ppendix ~ 11os J 4 6 7 9 and 10 the follcwshy5 ing Treaty rticles in ppendix R Nos 1 to 5
inclusive 10 to 18 inclusive 20 22 to JO inclusivf
32 to 35 inclusive 37 a~d 38 end tte f ollovin~
sur~nces in ~-pendix C tlos 10 to 15 inclusive
relate to this Cou~t
CrTl 15
11 the Defendnts between t~e 1st January
1928 end tr e 2nc1 Se[lterber 1945 planned end
~repered a var of fression enc a wer in violeti_on
of internetional la~ treities aerreerents end
assurences agaicst the Rerublic of ~ranee
~te following Sections of the Particulors in
- 40 shy
ppeniix middot osbull 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 tre
folloving Treaty ~rticles in ipendix B Nos 1 to
5 inclusive 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to 30 inclusive
and 32 to 38 inplusive and the follobulling Assurmceio
in ppendix C os 14 and 15 relate to this Count
COTl 16
11 the Lefendants betveen tle 1st anuary
1928 and the 2nd Sentember 1945 1anned and preshy
rsrecl a war of afgression encl a buller in violation of
international lew treaties agreements and assurshy
ances apeinst tte Lingdcm of Theilend
The following Sections of the ~erticulers in
ppendix bull Nos 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 and
the followin Treaty middotrticles in middotpenCix B lJos
3 4 5 JO end 32 to 38 inclusi~~ ~elate to this
Ccunt
crHT 17
111 the Defendants between the 1st January
1928 and the 2nd September 1945 planned end rreshy
rered a wer of afgressl en and a r in viohtion of
international lav treaties i_reerents ond assurshy
ances qeinst t~ e ncn of Soviet ~ocialist
Renublics
Tre followinr Sections of the amprticulars n
bullnendix bull Nos 1 to 8 inclusive ancl the folluing
Jreety middotrtic] es Lmiddot lenclix B os 1 to 5 inclusive
10 to 18 inclusive 32 tc 35 inclisive 39 to 47
inclusive Pnd middotmiddotssurence Ho 13 in npendix C
relEte to this Count
- 41shy
CCF 18
middothe Defendents 1KI DCFIR RfSHIMOTO
I1 bullm1- bull IT bullotTI Kcrsc rJI I cKrt 11IGELITSU
TC10 and middot~rzu on qr ebout the lftth Septerber 1931
1nit1eted a wer of aggression and a warin violation
of internetionel law traaties egreeLen ts und
assurances egainst the Republic cf China
Rection 1 of the Terticulr in ppendix
ond the followinf Treety rticles in trpendix f3 ~cs 1 to 5 inclusive 11 to 14 inclusive 22 23
25 30 40 to 43 inclusive rehte to this Count
CC1t 19
The Dereridfnts CllI I lCFIRR p middotSPIClO
fTbull RIl~ll PI1CTmiddot EOSfHO IT~KI I1Y IGDO
HTqlJ TTT( SUZUKI TOJC ind UMEZU on or about
the 7th July 1937 initiated a ~er of aggression
rnd e wrr in viohtion of internc-tionel lrw tre~ties
Egreea~nts nd 2ssur2nces egtinst the Republic of
Chine
Section 2 of t~e ~rticulpoundrs in ~rpendix ~ the
same rety middotrticleuros rs in Colrnt 18 nd the folloving
tssur~nceuros in middotnnenrx C os 3 4 ~nd 5 rel-te
to this Count
err_ 20
he Defandmiddot rts DCPJ l PilTJl FrCTmiddot
FCll-fIPO ybullmiddotr I~IDlt ITIJRI lUTC ~GYO OK~
r~~ Smr siT111nr S~ZUI TC0C ~nd TC70 en or
bullbcut the 7th Dscecter 19Ll 1~itiatee ~frac12~r of
rg~r0se ion ~ rc ~- wltr in viol tlcl cf internt i_onc 1
- 42 shy
bull lew treeties middotrreenents end cssurnces grinst
the United Stltes of merice
Section 9 of the Terticulers in Pendix
the follow in~ Treatmiddot r~icles in npencix S ifos
1 to 9 inclusive~ 19 22 tQ JO inclusive )3 34 end
37 and the whole of the t~surances in 1ppendix C
relate to this Count
ccrn 21
The same Defend9nt~ es in Count 20 on or about
the 7th December 1941 initiated e var of aggression
an~ a wer in viol2tlcn of international law treatie~
agreellents en( assurances aga~nst the ~orllonvealth
cf tte Trili-pines
The sane Jart i_cbullilere Treat~middot frticles and
~ssurances 1s in Count 20 relate to this Count
CCIJT 22
The ssLe Defencl11ts as i- Coant 20 cn_ or about
tbe 7th Decelber J941 iitiated a var of aeressicn
ana a war in viol2tion of internat~unal las treatie~
agree1nents and assurances afainst tbe ritish
rcnnonwealth of Natcns
Section 9 cf tte Perticalr s in ppendix
thegt follovinf Treaty rticles in pnenciix B Nos
J to 5 inclusive 19 22 to JO ~nclusive 33 and 37
and the hole of the ~ssurences in rppendix C
relate to tr is Cobulltnt
Tte lefendsnts tlrI )CEIPmiddotq 1IPrmmiddotmiddot
- 4) shy
HIROTA HOSHINO ITICKI KIDO W TSUQKJ liUTI
NCJNO SHIClITSU end TOJO on 0r ebout the 22nd
Se~tember 19~0 initieted ewer of errression end
e ~Br in violetion of international lEw treetiFs
egreements end essurences efeinst the Re~ublio of
Frence bull
The seme Perticulers Treety Jrticles end
Ps~urences sin Count 15 relrte to this Count
CcUfilZh
The srne tefendants es In Count 2J on or Eboui
the 7th Decembfr 1941 initietec ewer of errression
and a ~Pr in violetion of internetione le~ treeties
egreements enc assurances e~einst the Kinrdom of
Theiland
Section 7 of the Particulars in A~pencix A end
the following Treety Jrticles in Appendix B Nos l
to 5 inclusive 33 34 36 37middotend 38 relete te
this Count
QOUNT 25
The Defendents ATJgtKI DOHIHJRA HJTA HihANUMA
HIROTA HOSHirO ITJCJII KIDO MATSUOKJ Mi TfUI
SHIGUITSU and SUZUKI curing July end August
1938 inititec ewer of Pffression end ewer in
violetion of internetional lautrerties egreements
enc es~urences by ettecking the Union of Soviet
Socielist Re~ublics in the eree of Lake Khasan
The serne Perticulers Trerty Articles end
Assurences es in Count 17 1 relate to this Count
- 44 shy
CCTTTlT 26
The Defendents middot-~YI )CHlli1U HT BIRcll
ITGU(I lIDC HIS lTiTTI lTSUCK 1 ~UT0 SUZUmiddotI
0GC TCJO end nnztr durin the summer cf 1939
initiated a war of sgrression and a vsr in violoticn
of international lev treeties agreements and
assurances by attacking the territory of the
J~npolian Peonlebulls Republic in the area of the
Kha1khin-Gol River
The same eirticulars Treaty rticles and
ssurcnces as in Ccunt 17 relate to this Count
C(TJT 27
11 the Defend5nts bet~een the lEth Septenber
1931 end the 2nd September 1945 waged a wer of
aggression 8nf a bullrr in viol~tion of intern~tionel
lew trecties fgreenents and assurances flfeinst the
Republic of Chine
The seme Perticulars Trety rticles snd
~ssurrnces ~sin Count 2 rel~te to this Count
C(T~T 28
11 tte Pefend~nts between the 7th July 1937
end the 2nd Setenber 1945 wared s wer of aggresshy
bullsion nc1 r ymiddotr in viol~tion of internctioncl ltw
trertilss egreerJGn ts end ssurnces rgiinst the
Re~ublic of Chine
The SfMe Perticulcrs Tre~ty rticles 8nd
ssurrnces -s in Cmiddotunt 2 relute ~o this Count
- 45 shy
CCUlT 29
ll the Defendents between the 7th DecElllber
1941 ~nd the 2nd September 1945 wnged 6 wrr of
rggression end c Mr in violation of intermtionel
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
United~tates of tmerica
The following Sections of the ~articulers in
pp end ix i1 os 4 middot to 10 inclusive and the sane
Treaty ~rticles and ~ssurences as in Count 20 relate
to this Count
COlP1 JO
Lll the Defendsnts between the 7th Decenber
1941 and the 2nd Spte~ber 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violetion of international
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
Corlllonweslth cf the ~hili~pines
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles and
1ssurances as in Count 29 relete to this Count
crrJl 31 middot
Ul the Defendrnts betveen the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd Se1Jtember 1945 waged a Viar of
apgression and a wer in violatiog of internationalbull
law treaties agreerents end assurances against
the Pritish Corinonviealth of Nations
~he followin~ Sections of the ~articulars in
Appendix J Nos 4 to 10 inclusive and the same
Treaty bullrticles end ssurances as in Count 22 relate
tc this Count
- 46 shy
CCTTJ 32
All tte Defendants between the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd September 1945 waged a 11r of
aggression and a war in violation of international
law trestles egreeuents end assurances agenst
tte Kingdom of tce lf1therlands
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles sne
rlssurances as in Count 14 relate to thisCount
CC 33
The nefendsnts tRTi 001smiddotnmiddot IRNUt
FIlCT~ FNFnH lTlYI YID0 ~TSTTCK IUTO
1GW0 SIG~I5 end TCJC en end after the 22nd
Septelber 1940 vaged a war of algressipn end a
war in vbullolltion of ~nternetional law treaties
arreenents end assurances against the Republic of
France
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles end
cssurances as in Count 15 relate to this Count
middot CCUNT 34
_11 tre Defendants between the 7tl Decemberbull
1941 and tbe 2nd September 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violttion of international
law treFties agreenents and assurances against
the lingdon of Treilend
middot Tte sene erticulers and Treaty rticles as
in Count 24 rBlete to t~is Ccunt
CCIDT 35 bull The smiddotme Defendants ss in Count 25 during th
- 47 shy
SWmer of 1938 waged a war of aggression and a war
in violation of international lew treoties agreeshy
nents an~ assurances against the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics
The same Particulars Treaty rticles end
lssurences es in Count 17 relte to this Count
CCUc 36
The seme Defendunts ss in Count 26 during the
surller of 1939 eged a Yer of aggression in violashy
middottion of intermticnfl lew treaties egreements poundmiddotnd
essurlnces egeinst the rmiddotonrolifn Peoples Republic
and the Union of Soviet Socielist Renublics
The SFMe Flrticulers Treaty lrticles end
ssurr-nces ts in Count 17 rele te to this Count
ltmCUlt TWO U1DEl
The following Counts chrrfe the crimes of
raurder enltl conspirecy to murder being ects for
wlich it is chi-reed thtt the persons nmed rnd ecch
of thim rre individully responsible being poundt the
seoe tine Crirnes cgcinst eoce Conventionil Wer
Orines ~nd Crimes poundguinst Humeni ty contnmiddotrJ to ell
the 1J-ragrrhs of rticle 5 of the s~id ChArter to
Internrtionmiddotl Lrw ~nc tc the middotaoL1estic lews of ell
the countries where cor-oi tted including Jrbullpr-n or
to one or ~ore of them
CCl 37
The Defendints DCPIF cl FTR 1JTnt FIRCT
- 48 shy
HCSFINC KAA I(ID0 lIlURA ~me tAGATC CYA
0SrA S~( iltJlADA SJZTTlG 00( end JCJC togethe
~ith divers other per~ons between the 1st iune
1940 and the 8t~ Decet1ber 1941 rarticipated es
leaders organizers insti~ators or accoLplices in
the formulation or execution of a corilon rlan or
consnirecy end are responsible for all acts pershy
formed b themselves or by any person in execution
of such plan
The object of amp4ch ~lan or conspiracy was unlewshy
full~middot to kill and murder the persons described
below by initiating unlegful hostilities against
the United States of bmerica the rorutonwealth of
the rhlippines the British Colraonwealth of Iletions
the Kingdom of the lfotherllnds nd the Kingdoa of
The llend sne unlewf111ly orcering causing end ershy
ciitqng the ermed forces o JaJen to attack the
territory ~ti-s ~nd eir1lenes of tbe said netions
er sore of tJierl et tiL1es when Japan vioulu be et yeece
vith the said cstons~
che r-erscns intenled to be lilled end rurdered
were eJl such rersons both members of the armed
forces of the seid nationsand civilians es might
te~nen to be in the places et the tues of such
attacks
The said hostilities end attacks were unlawful
bscause they ~ere breeches of Treaty Article 5 in
Anpendix B enf the accused enc the said armed forces
of Japan could not therefore acquire the rights of
lawful belligerents
The accused ~nc each of the~ intended that such
- 49 shy
hostilities stoulc be initiated in breach of such
Treaty ~rticle or were reckless vhether sucb Treaty
Article would be violoted or not
COTT JS
he Defendante DltHIFARA FIP~~1um nroT ~
V(l~I0 ~6t iITJC IlT~~ ATSUCKA fJTO r~GUO
CK~ (ltHD~ STC SHD~~DA suzrnI TOQO ond TOJO
to~ether with divers other ~ersons between t~s 1st
J1me 1940 and the 8th De~erruer 1941 partici)Jtted
as le6ders organizersmiddotinstgators or accomylices
in tle forllulrtion or executicn of o COLlJon rlan or
cons~irac~ end are resnonsibla for all acts pershy
formed by ttemselvss or by sny person in execution
cf such 1an
The object of suchJJlon or consnirecy wes unshy
lawfully to kill and murder the persons described
belov bibull initiating unlawful rostilities tgainst
the Uni tecI States of tmerico the Comronweal th middotof
the Thilip~ines theuro ~ritieh Cormonwealthof Notions
the Kingdon of the etherlcnde and tre l(ingdcm of
Thai lent end unlewftlly order inf causng and pershy
nittinc the armed forces cf Jicen tmiddoto attack the
torritor~ ships oud airlanes of the soid notions
or sone of treuroll
The middotersons intended to be killed enc murdered
were all such ~ersons both oembers of the aroed
forces of the said natons end civiliens as mifht
happen to be in the olaces at the tiues of such
attacks
The said hostilities ond attacks ware unlawful
- 50 shy
because they were breaches of Treaty Articles 6
7 19 33 34 end 36 in Appendix Bena the accused
end the said armed forces of span could not thereshy
fore acquire the rir-hts of lawful b~lligerents
The accused end each of then intended that such
hostilities should be initiated in breech of such
Treaty ~rticles or were reckless whether such Treaty
Articles or any of then would be violated or not
C0T11 9
The same Defendants es in Count 38 middotunder the
circumstances ellered in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing ceusinr end ermitting the armed forces of
Japan to attack tle territory ships and airplanes
of the United States of America with which bullnation
Jinien was then et peace at middotPearl Harbour Territory
of Hawaii on the 7th December )941 at about 0755
hours (Pearl Harbour time) unlawfully killed and
murdered Adniral Kidd and ebout 4000 other oembers
of the naval end nilitary forces of the United State
of America lnd certaii civilians vJiose nanes and
nurnber ere et present unknown
CfTmiddotT 40
Tee sane Defendants as in Count )8 under the
circur1stances elle~ed in Counts 37 and )8 by ordershy
ing causin~ end rerrnittinR the armed forces of
Japan to attack the territory end airplanes of the
British Conmomealth of Nations 1th which nations
Japan was then et reece et Iota Eahru Kelenten
on the 8th December 1941 et about 0025 hours
- 51 bull
(Singapore ti11e) unlawfully killed and murdered
certain menQers of the aroed forces of the Pritish
Commonwealth of Nations whose names end number are
at present unknown
comrr 41
The same Defendants as in Count 38 under the
circ110stances alleged in Counts )7 end J8 by ordershy
ing causing end rerr1ittini the a rfled orces middot of
la pen tc etteck the terri tor sb 1ps end airplanes
of the ritish Comnonwealth cf Nations with v1lich
nations Janen was then at peace at Rone Kong on
tte 8th Decenber 1941 at ebout 0800 tours (Hong
Kong time) unlawfully killed and murdered certain
members of the armed forces of the British Coraonshy
wealth of nations whose names end number are at
present unknown
CCTTNT 42 The same Defendants es in Count 38 under the
circumstances alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing CIJUSing end pernitting the arHed forces Of
Jepan to et tech H IS ETRiL a ship of the British
ComtonY-eelth of lpoundtio_ns with which nations Japan
wes then rt eece et Shibullnghei on the 8th December
1941 et cbcut OJOO hours (Shcnghei tine) unlawshy
fully killed r nt rurdered three members of the navel
forces of the ~ritish CoILlonweelth of Nations whose
names ere et present un1ltnovin
52 shy
crT1T 43 the som~ Dcfcndcnts os in Count 38 under the
ciroumstFnces alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing causing end rermittin~ the armed forces of
Jeren to ettecl the territory of the Corimonvmiddotealth of
the ~hilipnines vith which nation Japan was then at
peace et Deveomiddot on the 8th December 1941 et about
1000 hours (anila time) unlawfully killed and
murdered certain mElllbers of the armed forces of the
United States of America end of the armed forces end
civilians middotor the comiddotlLlomealth cf the Ihilippines
whose nomes end number ere at TJresent unltnown
CCUNT 44bull All the De1endents together with divers other
persons between the 18th S~pternber 1931 and the 2nd
Septenber 1945 ~erticipeted as leo~ers organizers
instigetors or eccollTJlices in the 1orruletion or
execution of a coJnon plan or consiiracbullmiddot end ere
resryonsible for ell Acts performedmiddot by theuselves or
by any person in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or consiracy was to
)rocure end permit tte- riurder on a wholesale scale
of prisoners of wer MEfubers of tht ermed forces of
countries opposed to Je~ Egtn vho id-ht le~ down their
erlls enc civilians who niht be in the rower of
Jepcn on land or sea in territories occuried by
Jaron end crews 01 shi s destromiddoted bmiddot Japinese
forces in ruthless ~ursuit of victory in the unlawshy
1ul wrrs in which Japan was or would during the
said period be ~1J8oged
- shy
CCGNT 45
The Defendcnts ARAKI L~S-Il-CTC FATA EIRJJlUlA
prqc-r abull IT ~GtYI Y- f A JIDo HATSUI mrrc SUZTTKI
rnd UHEZP on the 12th December 1937 rnd succeedinf
dcys by unl 0 wfully oreering ciusing nd peroitting
the rrmed forces of Jqfn to ctt~cl ~he City f
NPning in breach of th3 Trerty Articles ~ientiond
in Count 2 hereof tnd to slr-ughter the ihhabitents
contrcry to internrtioncl lcw unhbullwfully killed
rnd Murcered Many thousands of civili~ns end disermed
soldiers of the Re~ublic of Chine whose nemes nd
number 01re rt preEent unrnovm
CCTfT 46
The sme Defenccmiddotnts i s in Count 45 on the 21st
Cctobor 1938 end succecding dt1y s by unlswfully
ordering CUsing rnd rern11tting the rrr1ed forces
of Jrrcln to ittck the City of Canton in breech of
the TreAty ~rticles montioncd in Count 2 hereof ~nd
tc sbuehter the inheibi tilnt s contrrry tci interndegtiollf
lcw unlawfully killed r nd nurdered l~rge numbers
of ~ivilisns end disvrmed soldiers of the Republic
of Clini vhose nrmes r rc number cre st present
unknown
C(TJ 47
The scme Defendcnts rs in Count 45 prior to tte
27th October 1938 end on succeeding dsys by
unlawfully ordering cuusing ~nd pern~tting the
nmed forces of Jrpon to cttcct the City of Hcnkow
in breech of the Trenty ~rticles mentioned in Count 2
- 54 shy
bereof and to slaughter the inhabitants contrary to
internatioal law unlavfully killed and Murdered
lerge nllllbers of civilians end disar1ec solciers
of the Oepublic of China wtosa narces and nU1ber ere
et Tresent un1middotn9wn
C01-l 48
The Defendants EATA rrnc 1crso StTC SlIGEshy
EITSTT Ter end mrzu prior to the 18th June 1944
end on succeeding days by unlawfully orderi11euro
causine and arnitting the erled forces of Japan to
attack the City of Changsha in breach of the Treaty
Articles nentioned in Count 2 hereof and to slaughter
tle inhlbaents contrary to internaticnal law unlawshy
fully killed and murdered nany thousands of civ~lians
end di sarnec solders of tte Republic of China
whose nales and ru11tbcr ere tt resent unknown
COHFT 49
Tte S~ne Defencants as in Count 48 prior to
tte ett luiust 1914 ampnd on succecdin[ days by
unlamiddotfull order ins csusin[l end pe t tin the
eried forces of caigtan to attack the City of lengyen
in tre rrovince of H11nen in breach of the Treaty
trticles mentioned in Count 2 hereof end to slaufhter
the inhebi tents contrary to intermitioal lampv unlawshy
fully killed and nurdered large nuribHs of civilians
enc disarmed soldiers of the Republic of China whose
neMcs and nunber erE it present unknown
- 55 shy
CCTTIT 50
The seme Defendants as in Count 48 prior to
the 10th Noveirber 1944 and on succeeding days by
unlawfully orderine causing and pernitting the
arr1ed fo~ces of Japan at attack the Cities of Kweilishy
and Liuchow in the Province of Kwangsi in breach of
the Tre~ty Articles mentoned in Count 2 hereof and
to sleUfhter tte inhabitants contrary to internatiom
-law unlawfully killed end murdered large nuabers
of civilians and disarmed soldiers of the Republic
of China whose names and number are at present
unknownbull
cnTNT 51
The Defendants ARAYI DCEIHARA HATA IlAtUMA
I~G~YI IGDO 1ciso lmiddotATffiTI 14Tsrroy 1middott~C
SUZUKI TCGC TOJO and IDEZU by ordering causing
and permitting ~he armed forces of Japan to attack
the territories of Hongolia and the Fnion of Soviet
Socialist Republics with whicl nations Japan wamps
then at peace inmiddot the reeion of the Khalkbin-Gol
River in the summer of 1939 unlawfully killed and
murdered certain merobers of the armed forces of
onolia me the rrnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
wlose nElti1euroS and nunber are et present unknown
ccmiddotJNT 52
The Defendants ARAII DrHIHARA HT11 FIRANUJIA
FIRCt FCSFTHO ITAGAI-I KIDO l1ATStTCKJI l~TSUI
SEIGlI15CT lttZTJKI and TOJO lJy ordering causing
end permitting the armed forces of Japan to attack
- 56 shy
the territory of the Union of Soviet Socialist
Re1middotublics with Vhich nation Jarien was th~n at peace
( in the region of lake Lhasan in the months of July
and August 1938) unlawfully killed and murdered cershy
tain me1bers of the ermed forces of the rrnion of
Soviet Socialist Rebullmiddotublics whose names tnd number
are at present unknown
GRCPP TIIRpound ccvmiddotrrrbullmiddotn tR CRIS M-Ti CRIES N~middotST Fll1t7IT
The following Counts charge _conventional ier
ir~lles enlt Crir-es egelnst EunaniJy beins acts tor
wrich it is charged that the persons na~ed and each
of them are individually resnonsi ble in accordance
with trticle 5 and particuierly ~rticle 5 (b) end (c
of the Charter of the Interneticnal iilitery Tribune
for the Far East and in accordance with Intershy
national Law or either of them
CCU-T 53
The Defendants DCRIFRA ~Tt -(SJjUC
ITGA1I IAl lILC rc1~~ Iorso urc NtG~NO
CY~ CSHrmiddot~ S~TO SI-IGTSl) mutD STTZULI TOGC
TOJO and UlEZU together with divers other persons
between the 7th Decellber 1941 end the 2nd Se]ltember
1945 ~articipnted as leaders organizers instigashy
tors or accololices in thE formulation or executlon
of a corllon plan or conslirecr and ere res)onsi ble
for all acts perforMed by therselves or br any
rierson in execution of such plan
The object of such olari or consiracy yen1es to
order authorize and r ermit the Co 4ctanders-in-Chief
- -57 shy
ot the levaral Japanese naval and nilitary forces
in each of the several theatres of war in which Japan
was then engaged and the officials of the Japanese
Har inistr~middot and the parsons in ctarge cf each cf
the canps and labour units for prisoners of war and
civilian internees in territories of or occupied by
Ja)an and the military and civil police of iapan
and their respective subordinates frequently and
habitually to co=it the breaches of the Lawsmiddotend
Custcms of 11~ar as contained in and proved by the
Conventions assurances and ~rectices referred to in
l~rendix D against the ermed forces of the countries
hereinefter named end againet many thousands of
ori sonars of war end ci vi liens then in the rower of
Jenan belonpin~ to the Tni ted States of America the
British Colonwealth of rations the Republie of
France the Kingdom of the Netherlands the Cormonshy
wealth of the Flilipines the Republic of China
the Republic of Fortugal Bnd the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics end that the roverru1ent of Japa1
should abstain from takin adequate steps in accordshy
ance vd th the said Conventions and assurances end
Laws and custot1s of ~er in order to secure observenc
end prevent breaches thereof
In the case of tre Republic of China the said
plan or consryirecy began on the 18th September 1931
end the following Defendants participated therein in
addition to those above-named ARAI HASFHOTO
RAlll~ ~(~ lATSTJ middot~Tsnrn1 ~TlrlI
bull 58 shy
C0PNl 54
The Defendants DOFiJEAR~ H~TAHOffiINO ITAGAKI
KAYA Kif-0 YIMURA KOISC MUTO NAGANO OKA OSHIMA
SATC SFIGlITSU 1RIMADA flJZUYI TOGO TOJO and
UEZ1J between the 7th Deceober 1941 and the 2nd
Septeuber 1945 ordered authorized and permitted
the same ~ersons as oentioned in Count 53 to co=it
the offences therein mentioned end thereby violated
the laws cf War
In the case of the Republic of China the said
orders euthorities end permissions were given in a
period beginning on the 18th September 1931 and
the following Defendants were responsible fer the
same in addition to those named above A~AII
FASED0TO PIRUJTJrA FIROTA HATSI AT-UOKA
CCFNT 55
bull The Defendants DCFIB~RA HAT HOSE-INO ITAGfiKI
KrA iID0 YIHlTRP KCIS0 EUTC NAGfNC OKA Ofxllll
S~TC PIGIlITCTT Sl-DiD~ ampJZUKI TCGO TOJO and
tn~zu between the 7th December 1941 end the 2nd
September 1945 being by virtue of their respective
offices responsible for securing the observance of
the said Conventions end assurances and the Laws and
Customs of ar in respect af the armed forces in
the countries hereinafter named and in respect of
many thousands of prisoners of war end civilians then
in the power of Japan belonging to the United States
of rmerice the British Comrn0nwealth of ~fations
tte Republic of France the Kingdom of tle Nethershy
- ~9 shy
lends the Cormonwealth or the hilippines the
Republic or China the Republic of Portugel end the
Union or Soviet socialist Republics deliberotely
rnd recklessly disregorded their legal duty to1toke
rdequete stops to secure the observonce end prevent
brerohes thereof rnd thereby violcted the lows of
wrr
In the case or the Republic of China tha said
offence begFn on the 18th September 1931 and the
following Defendi-nts were responsible for the same
in addition to those nemed above JRtKI FtSHICTO
FRJPlr HROT- ~~-ToTI HTltTOK~ INJI middot
11herefore this Indictment is lodged with tte
middot Tribun~l poundnd tJie chcrges herein mrde agllinst the
ebove-nomsd Defendants ere hareby presented to the
Tribunal
Joseph B Keenan bull Chief of Counsel acting on behalf of-the
United Strtes of merico
Hsiang Che-Chun
~s sooiete Counsel acting on bah lf or the Republic of China
I s Comyns Cirr
ssocilte Coulsel eoting on behclf of the United fingdom of Greet Brtt11in Pnd Northe
Irelond
S bull Golunsky
ssoc1rte Coubullsel ncmiddott1ng on beholf of the Union of Soviet SoerCl1st Re1)ubl1cs
6Q shy
A J 1nsfeldshy
middotmiddotfsocirte Counel rctine on beh0lf of the Comrionwc~lth or ustrelie
II G folen
r ssociete Counsel t cting on behelf of C(mida
Robert bullneto
ssociate Counsel acting on behelf of the Reublic of ~ranee
W G F BoegerhOff ~ulder
ssocirte Counsel rcting on beholf of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
R H quillhm
Jssocitte Counsel Pcting on behrlf of New Zerlrnd
pbullpGovinds lenon ~ s Comyns Carr
ssociete Counsel ccting on behlf of Indi e
edro Lopez
tssociate Counsel actinF on behelf of the Col1Dlonwerlth of the Philippines
- 61 shy
APPENDIX J
SUirlllarized Particulars sho~in the principal Matters
and Events upon which the Prosecution will rely in
support of the several Counts of the Indictment in
Groun Cne
SECTION 1 1
ILIT1 AGGRESSIN HT lANCHURIA
From January lst 1928 onwards there was a plot
in the Japanese Arm~middot and particularly in the lwantun
Army s~nrorted by certain civilians tomiddotcreete an
incident in 1anchuria which should form a pretext
forIepen to conquer occupy and exploit that Country
as the first ste~ in a scheme of eominetion which
later extended to other parts of Chine to the terr1-
tory of the Union of Soviet Socialast Republics
end ultnately to a wider field aiming to make Japer
a dondnent power in the World
The major events in the execution of it were
About 18th September 1931 Following a long
period of infiltration end consequent friction
Je]lenese troons blew ur a portion of the South
anchurien leilwey falsely accused Chinese troops
cf doing so attacked thet end thereafter pro~resshy
sively end repidlr carried out a Ililitery occupation
of the Chinese provinces of Liaoning Kirin Heilungshy
kieng end Jehol (the north-eastern provinces)
About )rd January 1932 Japanese forces occushy
pied Chnctow in sri te of e ssurance given by their
~oreigh Office to the United States on 24th November
1931 that they would notdo so
- 62 shy
Beginning about 18th Jeruary 19Ji Japanese
nevsl and later military forces attacksd the
Chinese in Shanghai
About 28th to 29tb January 19)2 Jaosnese
bonbed Cbsps1 middotat 1215 am
~b0ut 1st Febtusry 1932 Jeysnese viarships
shelled l1smlng middot
Jurin 1932 Jspen set up a separate puppet
novernrient in the said ~rcvinces enc on 15th Ssptsmshy
b~r 1932 officially recognized it
The 1BSn~ss Government which cals into power
on 13th December 1931 and ell subsequent Japanese
Governments adopted supported and continued thismiddot
sggre_ssion end its grsdusl extension over ether pamprtE
of Chins
Jsren delivered no declsrstion of 1ar against
Chine nade no effort to settle the alleged dispute
by pacific means or by mediation or arbitration
rejected on 5th February 1932 an offer of mediatio
by the United States Greet Britain enc ~ranee
refused to Gdopt the repcrt ampnd recommendations cf
the Lytton Commission apTJointed by the League of
Nations of which Jspen end Ctins were members ormiddot
the resolutions of the League and on 27th ]~rch
1933 reslgned froll the League
Cn 18tr ADril 1934 Jersn announced her absoshy bull lute opposition to sny foreign interference in Chins
other than her cwn
On 1st lerch 1934 Jspsn caused Henry Ju Yi to
be in~tslled es the norinal ruler of the so-celled
Stats of JisncbuJuo Nevertheless large Japanese
- 63 shy
crmies continued down to the 2nd September 1945 to
be mdntcined in these t0rritories using th1am s t
bmiddotse for further rggression ~nd to control together
with J_-p~ nse civi lifn offici ~ls the whole Governshy
ment industry nd finrnce thereof
SECTINT 2
1ILITAR GG1ESSINT IN lW REST 0F C-INA
Jor nesc rggressiCn geinst Chin entered r new
phc oe on July 7th- 1937 when her r_rmy invdod Clinc
south of the Grot r11 [nd htr goverruient ndoptcd
supported lt nd continued the rggresslon 111 subshy
sequent J~~~ncse Governments did the scme
Subsequent mbull_ jor events in this ph~middotse wore
-~bout 19th to 25th septembar 1937 Jrpmiddotnese
forces bombed r~cnking rnd Cc nton r nd deli bcrc te ly
killed lmiddot rge numbers of civilLns
- About 13th December 1937 J-p nese forces
c~Dtured fnking slruhtcred mcny thousnds of
civilimiddotns na committed other outr~ges
During 1940 J~prn Sbt up r- soprrto puppet
Governrotnt in those vrts of Chinbull (other thrn the
four north-o stern privinces _ bove-mcntioned) which
sh- then occuied clriming to be the Nbulltion l
Government of the Reuublic of Chinr middot-nd middotbout
0th November 1940 offic1~ lly rccognizod it bullbull rgbullin J~pmiddotn delivered no dcclrrction of wbullr on
Chinr m~de no rttcmptmiddottc settle the lleged dispute
by pbullcific mcns or by medi~tion or ~rbitr tion
refueed on 25th September 1937 to prticipte in
the Frr Erstern fdvisory Cotllllittee of the Lccgue of
Nr- tions rltcfused on 27th October middotnd og-in on 12th
Novzmbor 1937 to ~tt~nd the Conferenceheld t
Brussels of trG other signmiddottories to the Nine-Power
Trerty of 6th Febru~ry 1922 or to qiscuss its
rppliomiddottion refused on 22nd September 1938 to sit
with the Lemiddotguc of H tions to medirte her disrute
with Chin middotnd on 4th Povcmber 1938 decl red thst
the scid Nin~-Fower Trety WS obsolete
Jrpmiddotn continued her militbullry ~ggression in
Chim by cmiddot pturinz rnong other cities Frnkow on
the 27th October 193~ Ch ngshr on the 18th June
1944 Hsn~y-ng on tre 8th tugust Kweilin on the
10th IovmiddotJbcr nd liqchow on the 11th November of
the Sle yemiddotmiddotr r-nd deliber tcly killed lcrg~ numbers
of civ1li 0 ns bull nd committGd othor outrbullges in erch of
the cities ~fori-mmtioned
SECTION 3 ECPT(IC 1 0GRESSJQ-T I CIW lTl) GRlltTFR imiddotsr middotsrmiddotbull
During the period covered by this Indictment
~pmiddotn est~blished ~ gbncrrl superiority of rights
in f-vour of her own ntionmiddotls which effectivamply
eremiddot ted 111onopolics in comrercimiddotl industril middotmiddotnd
finmiddot ncil enterprisas first in lmiddot nchurimiddotmiddot nd 1 ter
in other prts of Chinmiddotmiddot whch c aa under her dominshy
rtion nd exploitad those rcgioiis not only for the
Gnr fobmen t of JmiddotmiddotO n nd those of her nction ls pmiddotrshy
ticimiddot ting in thosG entsrnrises but s -rt of
scheme to 1leken the resist nee of Chiflr to exclude
other -middot tions middot nd n middotticnmiddotls nd to provide funds
nd munitions for further I ggression
li5 shy
This plmiddotn middots w~s the intention of soll~ rt le st
or its oripintors both on its economic rnd militry
side err dumiddot 11 cc me to embrce siuilmiddotr designs on
the remmiddotinder or ~-st si~ middotnd CCOPnio
LntGr it WS officibulllly exprnded into the
Gretcr E st middotsi- Co-Prosperity Sehemc ( a title
designed to cover up ~- scheme for completeJpmiddot nese
dominrtion of those -rcmiddots) -nd Jbullmiddotpmiddotn declmiddotred thrt
tris wbullmiddots tho ultimrte rurpose of the militcry
ocinpr ign
The sbullme org nizltions rs re mentioned in
Section 4 hereof were used for the ~bove purposes
SECTION 4
lrTHCDS CF CCRRTrTI(W tD C0RCINT Tmiddot CFH middotrm OTHltR OCClI~D T~RRITORI~s
Durin the whole period covered by this
Indictment succossive Jrpnese Governments through
their llilitmiddotry 11d nvrl commmiddotnders ~nd civilLn
(gents in Chinmiddot nd other territories which they
hmiddot d occupied or dt3signed to occupy pursued (l systemshy
r tic policy of wemiddotmiddotl-ening the nmiddottive inh-bitmiddotnts will
to re~ist by ~trocities middotnd cruelties by force nd
thre~ts of force by bribery nd corruption by
intrigue r mongst loo~ l poll ticirns nd generr ls by
directly bullnd indirectly eneourmiddotging inerebullsed proshy
duction middot nd importmiddotbulltion of opium nd other nmiddotrcotios
-nd by promoting the Sle nd consumption of such
drugs middotmong such peole middot The Jrpr- nose Govlt1rnment
secretly provided l 0 rge sums of noney which togotht
with bullrofits rroll thegovernment-sponsored tr~rrie
- 66
in opillll end other narcotics and othermiddot trading
ectivitiea in such areas frac12ere used by agents of the
Jananese government for all the above-mentioned
~urposes ~t the seme time the Japanese Government
was actively participating in the rroceedings of the
League of retions Co=ittee on Traffic in Opium and
other Dangerous Drugs and desrite her secret
activities above-mentioned professed to the frac12orld
to be co-operating fullj _with other meL1ber nations
in the enforcement of treaties governing traffi~ in
opiwi end other narcotics to which she was a party
This participation in end sponsorship of illicit
traffic in narcotics was effected through a number
of Japanese goverruiental organizations such as the
lenchurian Affairs Board the Chine Affairs Board
end the Southern Region Affairs Soard which were
combined in 1942 to form the Greeter East Asia
inistry and num-arous subsidiary organizations end
tradin~ companies in the various occunied end soshy
eelled independent (puppet) countries which were
ope~ated or su~ervised by senior officers or civilshy
ienjaProintees of the Army fnd the Navy
Further reve1Ue trom the above-mint ioned
traffic in opium end other narcotics was used to
finance the ~reparation for end waging of the wars
of aggression set forth in this Indictment and to
establish end finance the nuppet ~overnments set up
ly the Japanese overnmeht in the various occuried
territories
- 67 shy
SECTION 5
G-0YRL tgt- ~R TIt Fr1 middotR
Vtith a view to future wars of aggression and in
order to prevent other nations frolll interference in
her war cf aggression alre9dy in prog~ess against
China ~a~9n frorn 1st January 1932 onwards strength
ened her nsvel military nroductive End finenci9l
preperetions for war In particular but without
li~iting th0 above alle~ations
(e) t~VH
bout 29th December 1934 she denounc
ed the 1ashington lkvtl Treaty efter an
unsuccessful attenpt to persuade the other
Signatories to agree to a common upper
limit of global nrvsl tonnage for her own
obvious cdvvntege
bout 23rd J~ne 1936 she refused to
adhere to the London Nevel Treaty
On or about 12th February 1938 she
refused to reveal her nlbullVel building pl1cns
on request by the United St9tes Britein
~nd France
t rll times she secretly increased
her nev~l strength
middott Ell times end especiolly throughout
1941 she Made secret n~vrl plans for the
eurprise attacks which ultimetely toek
place on December 7th-8th 1941 on Pearl
Harbour Sngepore Hong Kong 11aye end
Sh~nghei Od for similer attacks on other
plscemiddots in the Pccific tnd Indien Ccens end
- 68 shy
and on the territocy of the Union or soviet
Socialist Republicsmiddot
(b) MILITARY
Japan continuall7 and progressivel7
increased the size of her arm7 not onl7 as
required for her war of ag~ression against
China but to a larger extent for the purshy
pose of other wars of aggression On the
6th April ~9amp9 she passed a general
Mobilization Law and tmreafter put it
into effect
(c) NAVAL AND MILITARY
Japan cont lnual 17 and progress i vel7
fortified th islands for which she held a
mandate from the League of Nations
Treat7 Articles violated 15 17
18 31
(d) PRODUCTIVE
Japan continuall7 ard progressivel7
increased her capacit7 tor the production
of munitions or war both on her Oiln tershy
ritor7 and in terrltories occupied or conshy
trolled b7 her to an extent greater than
was required for her war of aggression
against China for the purpose of other
wars of aggression
(e) FINANCIAL
The finance for all the above-mentioned
purposes was provided pa rtl7 through the
Budget b7 taxation partl7 by loans ani
partly from the profits of the exploit~ttons
bull - 69 shy
as described in Section 3 herect and
particular y of the sae of narcotics as
described in Section 4 hereof
SECTION 6
THE ORGANIZATIOll OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FlgtR WAR
Two provisions incorporated by ordinance or
custom in the Japanese constitution gave to the milishy
tarists the opportunity of gaining control over the
Governments which they seized during the period
covered by this Indictment
The first was that not only had ttw Chiefs of
Staff and other leaders of the Army ani Navy direct
access at all times to the Emperor but they had
the right to appoint am withdraw the War and Navy
Ministers 1n any Government Either of them could
thus prevent a Government from being formed or
bring about its fall after it was termed In Kay
1936 this power was further increased by a regulashy
tion that the Army and Navy Jlinisters must be senicr
Officers on the active 11st EG the fall of the
Yonai Government on 21st quly 1940 and of the Third
Konoye Government on the 16th October 1941 were in
fact brought about by the Army 1n each case they
were succeeded by Governments more subservient to
the wishes of the Army
Thbull seconi was that although the Diet had the
right to reject a Budget this did not give them
control because 1n that case thbull Budget of the
preceding year remained in force
- 70 shy
middotDurlnr thls middotperiod suchtree Porlie~cntary
lnstutiti~ns es preVi)USly existedwere rttdUnlly
stamped )Ut and a system simllti to the Fascist or
Nazi mooel introducedbullbullThis took derinite shllpe
with the f)rm~tion n 12th October 1940 of the
I11per1al_ Rule Asslsttnce AS9cintion am later or
the I11perlal Rule Assist~nco Political Society
Durlnr thi~ p~ri~ 0 virorus compain r inciteshy
ment to expansion was carried
on in themiddoteorlier
part t the period middotby individual writers end speakers
but rrnduolly this ceme to be orfanized by Government
artnc1es which elso stamped out tree speech tnd
writing by opponents ~r this policy A large number
t sctetics some secret wasalso rormed_both 1n
the Army end Nevy and amonr civilians with similar
objects Opposition to this policy wes also crushed by assassinations ~r lecding politicians who were
n)t considered surrtcicntly friendly to it ond by
rear end threats of middotsuch nssassinatioos The civil and especially the military poiice were else used to
suppress oppositi-m to the wnr policy
The educnti)nal systeos civil military and
nnval were used to ln~ulcate e spirit or totnlishy
t~rienis~ crgrcssion~ desire tor war cruelty and
hatred r ptential e~emies
Successive Japanese_ Governments from early 1n
1936 onwards cultlvcted close relati)ns with the
- 71 shy
totlitr-ri n iovers 1n Luro1gtc Germny rnd Itrly
which hrrboured simil~r designs in relrition to thmiddot
rest middotor the world to those of J~pn in relrtion tomiddot
--~st middotstmiddotmiddot ~nd the Indirnmiddot rrtd Tltc1t1o Ocerns bull
On ToveJ11ber 25th 1936 middotthey signed tli ntishy
Comitermiddotn Pc otmiddot--~ith r middot~e~ret middotJmiddototo~oi nd r Aecret
ilitry Trt1ty directed osmiddott~n~1t1 cgdnst tho U~i6n of Soviot cod11~t ~epubHca i-nci ccimmunis111
~ but ( oturlly designed ~ lso a ( prelude to joint
~gressivc rotion ~n rcnerr 1
v~rious countries under th domin--tion of middotxis middot - ~ -~ bullbull
Powers including the lUppot govrnments of Jnnshy middot1middot bull shy
chukuo _~nd th~ Nr nking Regime in Chinr wer~ degdmi ttlt
to the ~nti7Comintcrn lot
middotuust 1939 extensivE-negotitons werecondilctampd
between J~n r-erm~_ny_~nd Itr-ly rorthe estbullblishbull
ment ofmiddotn econoru9 politiccl bullnd militbullry cllince
On 26th urust 1939 Jmiddot prri throufh her rubrs~
a~dor in 1fshineton ssured middotthe United Stf tea of
Jllericr tht she hbull d decided to b~ndon ny further
negotirtions with middotrerlilny nd Itrlymiddot relctive to
closer rel(tions under the middot nti-Cornintern Jgtbullct bull
rrefoti- tions between Jmiddotpn nd middotGerm ny for the
esteblistmGnt of middotmiddotn econonic politicmiddot l ~nd milikry
pound111nce were resumed in July 1940
Between 13th middot_ugmicrost nd 22nd September 1940
rfterthe rmistice in June 1940 between Germrny
rntl the middotut~oritylimiddotter to be knownFs ths Vichy
1rovernmerit of Fr~ nee subservient to Germ~middotny nd
bullfter the occupction by Germmiddotny of 1( rge prrt of
- 72 shy
frr nee Japan inciuced and_ coerc~d the general gover
ment of Frenchmiddot Ineo-China to enter intomiddot agreements
with herfor mUitary end econ~mic concessions inmiddot
that country and especially the northern parttliere-
of On 22nd-September 1940notwithlltanding agree
ments aigned onthe samedey Ja-enesetroops
attacked French Inda-Chinese uni ts and were met thmiddot
strong re$lstance
en 27th Se)tember 194Q Japan signed the Trishy
Partite Jact vith Germny and ltaly middot
In theearly pert of 1941 Jepentaking advantshy
age or a bounclary dispute raised by heiland against
French Indo-China purported to ect es mediator or
erbitrator_therein butactually brdughtebout a
settlement unduly fevoureble to Thailand middotwith amiddotview
toobtaining heraidin or submission to future
aegression end atthe serre time madefurthermiddotdemands
for military and econonic concessions in French middot
lndo-China bull~be said settlements were finally conshy
cluded on 6th-9th imiddotay 1941
Collllencinlmiddot in the middotletter nertmiddot of February 1941middot
Jel)en and Ger111any conducted negotiations on the
subjept of oint Elli tary ction against middotlgtLgapore
and the territor~ of ot)ler Nations_
On 1st July 1941 German Italy and ell middot middot
Governments subservient to- them inother European
countries at the request of Jepan recognized the
so-called National Government of middotthe Republic ofbull ~
China
On the 12th July 1940 a Friendship Treaty bullmiddotas
signed between Jepan and Thailand
- 7J shy
7romJay to July 1941 Japan further induced
end coerced the general ~overnment or French Indoshy
China to allow Jananese troops to land establish
naval and air baaas end ~enerelly obtain control
over qouthern lrench Indo-China The main purose
on this occasion wee toprovide bases for aggression
directly against the Pritish Common-vealth or lTetions
end the Dutch est Indios and indirectly against
the United States of merica The said agreements
were finally concluded on July 21st and 29th 1941
on which date Japanese forces landed at Saigon
established navel and air bases end generally took
control ofFrench Inda-Chine
Throughout the ebove~mentioned dealings with
Freech Indo-Chine Je~en used the help or Germany and
Italy by coercion upon the Vichy Government cs well
es direct threats or ill6gel force to ettein her
ends
By way o reaction to this aggression and threat
tf furtheraggression the United States of merica
on July 25th end Great Britoin on July 26th froze
the assets ofJapan and Chinemiddotunder their control
rnd opplied other eoon01110 middotpressure agdnst Jcpan
On 25th Tovembermiddot 1941 Jsp1n renewed thlt ~ntishy
Oollintaln rgtect with secret clausesmiddot
Cn ormiddotobout tho let DecGL1ber~ 1941 Jopen
invokillP the Tri-ortite Poet requested Germany nd
Itcly to declare War on the United States after the
beginning of hostilities end tht1t a No middotseperilte
Peace Treety be entered into
On 5th December 1941 Jep4iressured the United
- 74 shy
Stetos ot merico thrt troop movements in French
I_ndo-China were Drecautionery masures
On December 7th-8th 1941 Jspen mPdesurprise
rttecks on territories ot the United States ot
merica the British_ Commonwuelth ot Nctions l1nd
Thdlond usin~ in tbe two latter coses French Indtgtshy
Chinr~ br ee s
Cn the 11th Deceiibcr 1941 Jc pen_ Germiiny rnd
Itrl signed to opbullrbull to Totce rr ct
On 18th Jiinurry 1942 middotc rili ter1 Convention
botween Jbullmiddotn~n cermrny bull_middotnd Itrly wrs signed in Berlin
From 19)6 to 1945 close milittr ncvtl econshy
omic nd diplomc tic co-oper~ tion rmiddotnd oxch nge ot
intormrtion were maintcfned between the r bove three
oountriea t the request ot ~ermnn Jpon trom
the b~ginning ot the wr on December 7th-8th 1941
rdoptcd the Germn polic~ ot r~thless submrrina
Wtrt~re middotnd the destruction or crevs or ships sunk
or o-ptured
By the thre~tenins middotrttitude bullhich Jrprmiddotn mdnshy
tc ined tro111 19)9 to 1941 grinst the Uni_ted Stmiddottoa
or bulliaeriobull the British Cocimonwe~lth otNtions
the Kingdom ot the letherlrnds no the Rerublic ot
Frnce middotnd trommiddot1939 to 1945 (g~inst the Union ot
Soviet Seel~ list Republics 1d by her incru- sing
oonccntrtion ot tr~o~s in regions oonv~nient tor
middotrttrcks Ul)on them she dirtctly bullmiddotssisted Germmiddotny
nd Itnly in their middotw- rs tginst those n tions even
while she rem~inpoundd nominrlly neutrrl
- 75 shy
SECTION 8bull
jGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION-
In the course of many years Japan was continushy
ally preparing war a11d performing11cts of aggressionmiddot
against the Soviet Unhn
bull bull1bull Having faHed ~ he-middot attempt Jo capturemiddot the
Soviet Far East in the period between 19181922 bull
Japan did n~t apan1on the idlao~capturingthe
Soviet areas situated east of theLake-Seykalmiddot
SincltJ 1928 the Japanese GereaJ Steff hld been
planning a war of egfressim against the Union of
Sbullviet ~ocial1~t Republics eager to take advantage
of a chance to start this waz bull
An importrt step ii- th1preparetion nfa war ~
of aggression arainst the Union of Soviet Sochlist1
Republics was t~El ocltupation_of lanchur1a~ 1931 _bull
which a~ we_l~ as KGrea was transformed into a mili 1
tary base for a1tacking the Unio~ or icvi_et SociRlist
Republics in a numbPr of years Railroads and_ highshy
ways vere constructe~ in anchuria after l93~ of
stratPgic importancmiddote and ran towards the frontier of
the Union of Soviet Sociali~~ Rep1bl1cs The -bull
strength of the Kwantung Army ha~ been jncreased middot ~~~ bull bull~ middot _~ J_~j -- --~
from twa divisions in 1931 to fifteen in l94~ bull ~ ~) 1 - ~
A great number of new airfields fort1f1e~ gt middotmiddotmiddot_- ~~middot~
areas dumps barracks sea and river ports destined bullbull bull ~middot bull i ~ middot t lt bull - bullbull bull bull bull
to serve in the war of aggression against the Unicn bull bull bull J bullbullbull - bull bull bull bull bull - ~
of Soviet Social~st Republics were built
In ~anchuria the war industry develop~d at a
fast rate Areas adjacent to the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics frontier were being colonized
- 6 shy
by Japanesereservists with the purpose of strengthshy
middotening the Kwantung lrmyat the moment of mobilizashy
tion Propaganda in the press b radio etc r
directed against the Soviet Union was carried on
111tenselr middotOn Lanchurian-territormiddot Japan organized
and supportedmiddot on a large middotscale ehments from lussian
emigrants hostile to theSoviet Union and prepared
them for hostilemiddotects againstthe Union ofSoviet
Socialist 1epublicsJapan systematically organized
armed middotolasheson the frontierand organized acts of
sabotafe-end terrortstmiddotacts onthe Chinese Eastern
Railroad
InJ9J2 Jaian twice rejected the proposal of
the Union ot Soviet Socialist Republics to conclude
a non-aggression pact
in 1938 Jlpan without declaring war attacked middot
th~ territory of the seviet Union at the Lake hassan
In 19)9 Japan again witheut declaration of war
at tacked the terli tory of themiddot ~middotongolian Peoplemiddot s middot
RepubUc en ally of the rrnion of Sovietmiddot Socialistmiddot
Republics at the Halkin-Gol Rlver (Naoanhan) and
engaged the ongolian Peole s Republic armybull and bull
its allied Red Ar11y bull In both cases Japan pursued the
aim of reconnoitrine themiddot strength of the Rad Jrmy bymiddot
battle and capturing strategic positions for future
war against the trnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
Having been repulsed twice and having sufferedheavy
losses Jmiddotmiddotpan nevertheless did notmiddot stop the preparashy
tiors fora sur~rise attac~ ~gainst the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics
hile Preparinl for the war against the Soviet
- 77 shy
Union Japan during several years carried on
negotiations with Hitlerite Germany end Fascist Itel
on a j~int aggression The principal stages in
this plot or aggressors were the conclusion of the
so-called Anti-Comintern Pact in 1936 and the sirnillf
of the Tri-Partite Pact or Japan Germany and Italy
in 1940 the aim or which was joint aggressive actio1
of these countries against democratic powers among
them the Vnion ~rsvviet $ocielist Republics
In ~rch 1941 while being in Berlin ror the
purpose of plotting with Hitler about e joint aggres
siort against democratic countries thedefendant
~tsuoka was informed by the German _goverllGlent about
preparations by the latter for war against the Uni~n
or Soviet Sociellst Republics s early as t_he
beginnlng or July following e conclusion of the
pact or neutrality on behalf of Japan on 13th April
1941 after the treacherous attack or Germany
egainst the Union or 9oviet socialist Ra~ublics
1atsuoka officially declared to the soviet Ambusedor
in Tokyo that the principal bas1s of the Japanese
foreign policy was the alliance with Germany and
that in case Germany addressed Japan with a request_
for tielp the J)ict middot of neutralty withmiddot the Utiioa ot
Soviet Socialist Republics would not present an
obstacle for Jepen to wege war on the side or
Germ~ny In accordance withthis the governing
militarist clique in lapen in the bullholecourse of
the buller betYlteen Germony end the Union of Soviet
Socialist_Re~ublics wes openly hostile towrrds the
~oviet Unionmiddot maintained a selecte3 arriy on the
- 78 shy
Soviet rront1ers end wes an orgrnizer or a widespreed
prorgrnda aea111st tho Soviet TTnion Jopan octively
helped ~itlariteGermeny providing her with
intormatiqn regording the un~n or Soviet S~c1clist
Republics orgonized pirote ettscks on Soviet merchtnt
shiplling in_ the Far Etat by closing straits estbullmiddotbshy
lishing prohibited zones tnd speciol limited wetershy
weys
To render help to GerlIEny J~ptbulln after Germsnyts
ettack egcinst the Union or Soviet Socielist
Republics in the S111111ler or 1941 doubled the strength
of her E1rmy in rnchuria nnd leter on brought the
strength of this irmy to r million men which necesshy
sitated mrintdning considerrble forces in the Fmiddotr
Eest by the Sevit Union inste~d of using them in the
wrr ig~inet Germnny
In the s0 me summer or 1941 Jfpfn v10rked out e
new Tll~n of surprise rttrck egeinst the Union of
Roviet Socialist 1epublics ~nd kept the Kwentung
Army fully prepred torsuch en cttock She w~s preshy
vented from it not by the poet or neutrality which
i s 1t llll Y be sampen from bove Jeuroptn diregrrded but
b)middotthe successes or the forces or the nnion of Soviet
Socirlist Republics in the w~r fgoinst Germany
SECTIC1 9
JATAfp lFlt TTlTITED S~TES CF fERJCbull TH cr1bullQ1TELTH OF TFE II IPrnns TI ft+ BltITISif cc MOELTH OF rJ TIONS
The whole of the other Sectiols or this ppendix
iro relevrmiddotnt to this Section rnd ere not ropectad
here
bull 79 shy
I
From 1931 until Lecember 1941 relctlons betwee1
Jopn middoton the ona Jr nd rnd the United Stotes of mer le
rnd Gret Brltcln on the other continuously detershy
lorotcd bacruse of Jrrr~s ~g~esslon in E~st ~sir
rnd duplicity in lnternrtionil neeotictlonsmiddot
The TTnlted Stotes of 11erioo rnd 8remiddott Britin
frecuently prctested thct J~prn s militory opehtions
were~ violtion of the provisions of the trecties
mentioned in Count middot2 hereof nd celled the ettentlon
of beth Chine md J~prn to their obligctmiddotions thereshy
under They ~1so declcred thct they would not recogshy
nize ~ny situmiddottion in ianchurlc or elsewhere brought
obout by violrtions thereof
J~pi-n in unequivoc-l tertlS grve rssurrnces thst
she h~d no territori~l mbitions in ChinL thrt she
would respect the open door policy in Chino In
spite of these c siiurbull noes she set up r -puppet
regie in lnchukuo nd proceeded to close the doer
to the TTni ted st tes of middotnericl End British tr11de
ffter tlte consolidrtipn of the linchurin posishy
tion Jln continued her ggressive policy in Est
sir in spite of ossurrncqs tht she hcd no terrishy
toriel ~mbitlons eouth of the Gret frll
The tnited 5tltes uid Grebullt Britdn 1ndervoured
to convince Jp n th~middott her bast interests lY in
perce but it wr-s cler from her Ctions tht she
intended to resort to force to gla neighbouring
countries end territories
During 1935 Jmiddotp-n incrasad hEr mllitrry nd
llfvrl strength middotnd undertook limited militrry
ctivities to extnd her damintion over Chimmiddot The
- 80 shy
United States of America and Great ~ritain continued
to draw Japans attention to her treaty obUgations
but this had no effect on her military activities
In 1936 the United States of America endeavourshy
ed to get Japan to agree to the principle of eauality
in commercial and industrial sp~eres and not to
resort to force to obtain preferential rights This
was also rejected by Japan
In 1937 Japan declared that the principles of
international relationship propounded by the United
States of America were consistent with her own but
qualified this by stating that the objectives could
only be obtained by an understanding of ~he particushy
lar circumstances of the East In 1937 Japan comshy
Ienced further military aggression in China and soon
thereafter the United States of America l)ffered her
good offices in the dispute and appealed to both
parties to refrain from war This ofter wes not
accepted by Japan and the appeal had no effect In
the same year Japan refused an invitation to attend
the Brussels Conference called under the provisions
of the Nine-Power Treaty On August 26th 1937
Japanese forces attacked cars belonging to the
British Embassy in China and on December 12th
attacked warships belonging to the United States of
AMerica and Great Britain on the Yangtze
At the end of 1938 Japan procl~ined her policy
of a new order in 3ast Asia end refused to ~ive any
unconditio~al assurance that the open dnor policy
in China would be maintained
Thereafter many interferences by Japan in
- 81 shy
Jtprnoso controlled territories with the rights or
the United States or ~Aeries end British netonels
took place end in July 1939 the United States or
America gave notice or terminetion or the 1911
commercial Treaty ~it~ Jeen
In September +940 after Japans military
alliance vi th Germany and Italy the United State
ot lmerica was forcedmiddotto place limitations on the
export of iron steel and raY materials to Japan
In arch 1941 conversations between the
Japanese ambassador in - eshington end the United
States Secretary or State took ~lace in an endeavour
bl the ~Tnited States to se~tle outstanding differshy
ences ano to reach a peaceful settlement ihile
these vrere proceeding Jepen continued at e feverish
pace to prepare for war At an Imp~rial Conference
on 2nd July the decision to advance southward
obviously directed against the United States of
America the Kingdom of the Netherlands end the
British CoAmonweelth was reached At a further
Conference on 6th Se~tecber it was decided to open
hostilities against the llited States of America
Great Britain end the letherlends in case the requireshy
ments ot Japan seemed unlikely to be realized by
B901B time clurinf tbe first part cf October On 1st
December a further Conference definitely decided on
war The decisions of the two lest-mentioned Confer-middot
encee were kept secret Cn 7th-8th December 1941
while negotiaticns were still proceeding Japan med~
surprise attacks on territories of the United amptetee
of Anerica et earl arbour of the British Commonshy
- 82 shy
weelth of Nations at Singapore elaya Hong Kong
and Sh~nrhai of the Commonwealth of the Philippines
and of Thailand She delivered no declaration of
war andmiddot to the ritish Commonvealth o~ Tations or
to the Conmonwealth of the ~hilippines no document
ot any kind To the United States of America she
delivered after the etteck a document which did
not end was not intended to cmount to a decleretion
of war
Stie entirslmiddot disregarded all the other Treaty
obligations r-ferred to in Counts 7 and 8 hereof
SOCTJCH 10
Tbe Netherlands ~ast Indies and tnemiddotPortugese
~ortion of the Islend of Ti111or were within the erea
coveted b Japm and described by her tis the Greeter
East ~sie Co-ProsNrity Sphere
In addition to thf general treaties binding
Jepan not to atteck these areas Treaty rticles Nos
20 and 21 refer respectively to these naticns in
terms Ja)en also rod a treat with the Hetrerlands
repardirP the ~est Indies which she denounced on the
12th June 1940 in preparation fer aggression
agai~st them At that time tre hom~land of the
Nethorlends had been recently and treacherously
()Ver-run by JrpaQ s ally Ger111eny end the Dutch
GoverrJJ1ent hbull d been corrpollcd to seek refuge in
ngland Thereefter Je_J n endeavoured to compel thrt
Government to agree toe new treaty on terms unduly
- SJ shy
fovcurable to Japcn but they wore unwilling to do
se The prcperet1ons of Jepcn fore general cggresshy
s1ve wcr in the Fer East included en intention to
invede the c~herlonds tost Indies The occupation
by Jbullpbullmiddotn or French Indo-Ch lna complete in July
1941 end the attecks upon territories of the United
States of tmcricc end tho British Commonwealth of
~rftions on the 7th-8th December 1941 were till prrt
of t plen which ircludcd t n inve sion of the Nethershy
lends r~st Indies This wes spcc1ficclly one of tho
d~cisions of the Jcponeso Imperial Conference of the
6th Se~tember 1941 Consequently the Natherlonds
Government irm~d1ately nfter the lest mentioned
cttacks declrred war on Jepen in self-defence
On tho 11th Janucry 1942 Jepcn invaded and
therefter repidly occupied the retherlcnds East
Indies
On 19th February 1942 Jepcn without ~ny
pretence of right or of eny quarrel vi th the itepublic
of Portugcl invRded ~ortugese Timor end occupiGd
it for the purpose of crrrying on her cggreseive
wcr egeinst ell the ~llied n~tions bull
ll4 shy
APPENDIX B
List of ~rticles of Trenties violated by JrponClld incorporcted in Groups One rndTwe
The Convention tor the Frcific Settlement of Intershy
nc-tion1l Dielutes sigmmiddotd t The Hegue 29 July 1899
The srid Convention wis signed nd r~tifiod
by or on behflf of J-n(n Cnd each of the ~ritions
middot britlf ing thf ct rrgcs in thfs Ind1 ctmltrnt subject to
oGrtotn rcscrvrt1ons not here motoriol
1 Article I
With P view to obvhting rs fr s possiblt-
recourse to force in tho rel~tions between Stctes
the Signrtory Powers rgree to uso their best efforts
to ensure th6 pecific settlcment of internitioncl
differences
2 Article II
In cesemiddotor serious disrgreemant or conflict
before tn bullmiddotppctgt 1 to rrciv middottlle Signr tory Yowers t gree
to middothrve reccurse rs fr rs circwnstbullnoes nllow to
the good offices or medi tion of enc or more friendly0
owers
The Convention tor the ~~eifio Settlement or Intershy
n~tionrl Usputes signed rt the Erguo 18 Ootobor
The sdd Convention ws signea nd rrtitied by
or on behrlf of Jrpmiddotn ~nd ec-ch of the nrtions bringshy
ing the Chfrges in this Indictment with the exception
or the United Kingdom rnd the Union of lgtoviet
Socirlist Republics a-ubject to eertcin reservtions
not here 112tcrimiddotl
bull 85 bull
trtiole 1
With c view to obvirting ~a for ~s possible
recourse to force in the relrtionsmiddotbetw~on Stntes
the Contr~oting ~owers rgree to use their best
offorts to ensure the pr oifio settlemcnt of lntarshy
nrtionrl differences
i rticle 2
In cnse of serious discgreenpoundnt pr dispute
beforc ~n ebulll to ~rms the Contrreting ewers
ogree to hi)ve recourse rs fer cs eiroumstnnoes
rllow to the good 01fioes or medirtionmiddot of one or
nore friendly nowers~
The Hegue Convrntioi lJo III Relmiddottive to the opening
of ~ostilities 1 signsd 18 October 1907
The sold Convention wns signed rnd rrtified by
or on bGhrlf of Jcprn rnd eoch of the notions bringshy
ing tho ohrrgo in this Indictment
rticle I
The Contrrctlng rowers recognize the t host11shy
1tie~ between thrimselvesmiddotmust not co=enoe without
previous Pnd ~xpl1cit ~rrn_ing in the form cltheuror cf
re~ soned declrrtio_n of w~ r middot or of en ultim tllll
with oondition~lmiddotdeolrrrt1cri of wtr
ierr~runt effected by cxohrngo of notes between the
nnitod st~tes bullnd Jrprn 1 signed JO November 1908 1
dGolnrine their policy in the F(lr 0rst
6 2 The Polley of both Governments unlnrlucncshy
ed by rny ~ggreee1ve tendencies ls Olrectod tomiddottho
ll~~JlAC~ ot th( cx1 stDe 41t-tus quo in tho region
f bove-mntloned nd to the defence cf fhe- J)rfao1Jlle
of ()quol opportunity for ciimmercend industry_in
bull 86 shy
Chino
7 3 They ere cccordingly firmly resolved
reciprocmiddotlly to respect the territoriel posssssions
belongint tc ec ch other in said r1agion
8 4 Thy rre clsc deterllined to preserve the
con11on interest or Fell Joyers in Chine by supporting
b~middot l )Citic nens bullt thsir dispos11 the independshy
ence fDd integri ty or Chin End the prinCiJ)l6 or
equel opportunity for cocrerce rn~ incustry or rll
nbullmiddottions in thrt Lipire
9 5 Srould ~ny event occur threrteningmiddotthe
st~tus ouo rs ~-hove described ormiddot the principle or eou~l o~~ortunit~ cs rbove derinedit reragtins for
the two iovernmcnts to coanunicr te with each otbcr
in order to rrrive ~t rn underst~nding es to whet
L1ersures thty mry consider it useful to tcke
The Convention ~nd ~inrl rotocol ror the Suppressio
of the buse cf rpillil nd other DruRs 1 si~ned et
The rbue 23 Jnurry 1912 rnd 9 July 1913
10 Tht sid Convention wrs signed nd rrtified by
middot or on bchr lf of Jrp n r nd ech of the n tions br~shy
ing the chmiddotrees in this Indictnent
Tt c Tremiddotmiddottv of Jefce between tha -bulllliod rnd bullssocimiddotte
Powers rnd GErmlt1ny I signed t Versmiddotillee 1 28 June
1919 known ~-s th Versilles TreEtY
Ii rticle 10 of the Coven nt of tho Legue of
Nmiddottions
The bullclbers of th Lagu undertbullmiddotke to rGspect
middotr-nd preserve bulls middotgrinst extern-1 -ggression the
tcrritoril inteigtrity middot nd existirw polltic-1 indeshy
Tendencs of ~ 11 Jbers of the ler gue In ctse of
any such aggraeaion or in case of any threat or
danger ot such aggression the Council shall advise
upon the Jlleen~ by which this oblitation shall be
tultill6d
12 ~rticle 12 ot the Covenant of the League ot
Pat ions
The lenbers ot the League agree that 11 there
should arise bateen them any fis~ute likely to lead
to a rupture they will subLlit themiddotmatter either to
arbitration or to enquirf by the Council end they
agree in no case to resort to war until three t10nths
after tte ewerd ~Y the arbitrators or themiddotreport by
the Council
l) ert1cle 13 of the Covenent ot the leepue ot
Netione
Tbe embers ot the League aeree that whenever
any ~ls~ute ehall arise between them which they
recognize to be suitable tor suboission to
arbitration end which cannot be satisfactorily settled by diplomacy they will subnt the whole
subject n1Stter to arbitration
Disputes es to the interpretation ot s tresty
as to any euestion or internati~nel law es to the
existence ot any tact which it established would
constitute a ))reach of any international obligation
or es to the extent end nature of the reparation to
be oede tor any such ireech ere declared to be
among those which ere generally suitable tor subshy
111~ ssion to erbitretion
For the consideration of any such clis ute the
eourt of arbitration to which-the case is referred
- 88 shy
~hall be the court erreed on by_ the rarties ~o the
disrute or stiuletec n any convention existing
middot between then
The middotemters or tlle League erree that they will
carry out in fuil ood taith eny av1ard thut iray be
rendered tnlI t~et ther will not resort tower I
against a ember of the league which COll)lies thereshy
with In the event of any failure to carry out such
award the Council shell rropose hhet steps should
middotbe taken to rive effect thereto
14 rtcle 15 of t~e Ccvrnrnt of tte leeeue of
Naticns
If there stould criss betveen embGrs of the
League any ciisgtute lHelJmiddot to lead toe rupture
which is not submitted to arbitration in accordance
with ~rticle lJ the elbers of the league agree
tJiat tJie will tutt the rntter to tte council
Any rortr to the lllsutc 11ey effect igtuch subuislicn
by Pivin~ notice of the existence of the dis~ute to
the ~ecretery-ener11l who hill reke ell nccesslry
arrange bullents for a full investiration and considershy
ation ttereof
ror this ~urncse the nerties to the disnute will
cc~middotaunicete tc the Secretary-Glmiddotnerel es rrolptly as
noeeible stetebullbullnte of their cesa ~1th all the
rtlGvent facts enc papers nd the Council ra foLth- middot
bull1th dir~ct the publicetion thereof
Tte Councl lF 11 nc1eivour _to effect a settleshy
ment of the diE-uts and if such Gfforts fre succoisshy
ful e statGmont ehll t1 ntgtdlt ublic giviie such
ftcts rd elJlanlt l onE rcr[)rdinc tlc disuto igtnd the
- 89 shy
tmiddoteramp1s or settlement therampcr s ttdeg Council EJ deem
s~~rorriete
Jr the dis~utc is not tt-us settled ~he louncil
either un~ninously er by G Ecjority vote shell mcbullEl
c-nd rublish e rellort contllinin tmiddot stcter-ampnt cf thamp
fects of tlo dis~utE bullnd the recorncndticns which
Pr~ deemed just rnd nroner in rcvrd thereto
Any middotmbcr of the Llt-egue rmiddotprcscntd on ths I
Council m~y P-~kc ~ublic e stcte~cnt or tho frets of
the disutc End of its conclusions rcgrding ths
s_fie
If rerort bmiddot the Colllcil is uncnifilously rgrscd
to by the lllbcrs ttereof ether thln the tcprampsampnteshy
tives of on_ er -ore ot ttmiddot rtics to the dispute
the Cecbers ot middot the Lru( bullerco thit they will not
go tc wpound-r Fi tl bullny i~rty to the disrutc which corshy
plics with the rccomntnd tions of tbr rport
If th~ Council r~ ils to re~cr reort which is
unr nirlously greed to b tt~ llCrtLtors thereof o thcr
ttn ttc llrescntitivcs or one or ore of the
p rtics tcgt tt disute t1 l-scbrs cf the Lc~guc
rltscrvc to thelIS-lves th rieht to tki sue bullcti_on
rs tlcy shrmiddotll _consi~cr nccess~ry for the llmiddotiritnbull ncG
of right cncI justice
-r ttn dis~utc bctwccn the irti s is clriracd
by one of thu1 ne is found by the Council to rist
out of ~ a-ttr Nhich by intcrntionJl l~w is solrily
within th~ doJiestic jurisdiction oi th~t pmiddotrty th
Council Eh 11 so rlcrt nd shJ l u- kC no recoshy
P--nd-tion -S to its- settlcnent
r Council JI ~middot ii ny c-- sc undar this
- cc- shy
rticle refer the dispute tc he Assenbly T~e
dlspite shall be sc rcierre1 at t1e recniest of
elt--er party to t1e dis)ute provided that su~h a
reouest be 1iade within fourteen days after the sushy
miss icn cf tie dispvte to the Council
In any case referredmiddot to the Assembl7 all te
provisions cf t1is middotrticle cnd cf Article 12 relat-
ing to the action a-d povPgts cf the Cciuntil scwll
apply -to the action and povrers of the Asser1bly proshy
vided that a report ade by the Assembly if con-
curred in middotbmiddotr the Representatives of those --embers
of t1e Leale re pres ted on the Counc 11 and of a
1ajorit of the othrr middotembers of t1e eaeue c~shy
~lus ive in each case of Representatives of the
parties to the tisputc shall have the saLe force as
a report by the Cou1~il concurrPd in by all the
fieiS thereof othEr than the Rerescntatives of
one or more of the ltJrties tc the disp1te 11
15 Article 22 oft~~ Coven~ntmiddot cf the League of
1-ations
Other peoples especially those of Central
Africa are at such o staJe that the ~ndatory must
be resgtons ible for the aduiis trat ion of the terri tor
urner contitions which wi l ruarantee freec)om cf
ccnscence nnd rel1 middotior SJb Je~t cnly to the ma1ntenshy
cnce cf pc1llJic order end ncrals the prohl1Jitin
of abses sue as t1-middot slave tracc tllc arns tra~ tc
an the-liuor rotfic and the prevent1gtn of the
establishment of fortifications or mllitnry am
na7al bases and of mil1tar trpoundinin of thL natives
for ither than police purposes and the defence of
territor and u1ll aisc secure ebulluai opportunities
- 1 shy
~ tht trrde net oonmcrc ot othr iombcrs ot the
Le~gu- Tter1 ~re tarritories such a South-Jcst
trio~ nd 011rtmiddotin or tho South Jrc1r1c Isl~ nds
hioh owilltl to the ep-rsoncss or their populmiddot tion
or their sror 11 size or their rcr10toness from the
centr6s er c1v1Uz-t1on or their googr-phiol oonshy
t1~middot11ty to the territory or t)s Lmiddotndmiddott_ory bullnd other
oircumstrmiddotnoos or n be best rmiddotdm1n1 starrd under the
l~ws ot th G l-nd tory s 1ntq_trbull l nort1ons or 1ts
territory subject to the s togur rds -_bovo-ncntionod
in the interests or the indigenous popul tion
16 bullrtiole 2J (c) of th~ Covcn nt of the Lemiddotguo of
rrtons
SubjGdegct to nd in ~ ccord nee vith bull the provisions
ot intern ticn middotmiddot l conventions existing or heremiddot ttcr
to bo middot eroed U1on th middotmlicrs ot the lergue bullbullbullbullbull
( o) will entrust tho le guc with thebull gonor l
supervision over the execution of middotgrccmnts v11 th
regmiddot rd to tt e tr trio in WOll3n middot nltJ children middot nd ths
trrric in oiun middotncl othilr d~nFcrcus drugs
Tht l-ndrt- frol tt Lemiddot rue of ~Tbullt5ons pursubullmiddotnt to
t1c Vcrsmiddot 111-s Trcbulltz irde bullt Gcnor 17 kccnbcr 19n
17 bullrticlc )
The lbullnd-tory shll see th t the slmiddotve trmiddotde
is prohibited bullnd th t no forccd lbullbour is porll1tttd
axcopt for esscntimiddotl ublic works ~nd sorvicos ~nd
then onlr formiddot dequ tc romunormiddottion
18 rticli 4 The 1111litc-ry tr ining cf the n t1veuros othtrvise
thmiddotn for ~urpseuros or int~rnbulll ~olioc middotnd the loc 1
- 92 bull middot
detonco ot th t1arritory sh 11 be prohibited
Furthermore no mllitbullry or rmiddotvmiddot l bsos shmiddotll bo
ostblished or tortitiotions orec~cd in the
territory
Tremiddotty botv1ecn th( British Ccllllonmiddot olth middotor n t10middot1s 1
Trnce 1 Jbullmiddotp n nrgt thlt Unitod Str-tcs or llmiddotmiddotric
middot relmiddot tin to thclr Insulr possessions nd middot~nsulmiddotr
pominions n the P-middot oiflc Ccebulln 1 lJ December 1921
The H rGmiddotti W s middotsiend ne rr tlfi1d by the
~ifn tory olcre
19 middotrticlc I
Th Hi~t Contrmiddot ctlne middotrtits grce is bltlt106n
thsmsolves to rcs)oct thdr r_ifhts in rel tion to
their insulr roescssions middotnt ineul r dorunions in
the middotregion o~ the 7 citic Dcemiddotmiddotn
It then should develop betwein ny of the High
Contrbull ctinr ~rtics bull controvCrs rising out or ny
- cific question middot nc involving their srmiddotid rights
thiih ii not smiddot tisf ctorily settled by diploti cy nd
is likely to bulltfect tho he raonlous middotmiddot ccord now hmiddotmiddotppily
subsistinc between ttcm they sholl invite the othir
Hh Contr~ctinr ---rtibulls to joini Contorcnco io
middot vHct tl~ hcl subjlot will be refrrcd tor conshy
sidermiddot tion nit middotdiu~tmnt
Identic Corrunicmiddot ticn ri-do to tb lfothrlmiddotnds Govzrnshy
ment on 4 Fzbrumiddotmiddotrmiddot 1922 on b~hmiddot 11 of thbull- ~middotritish i
Cornnonwe-lth of nmiddotmiddottions middot nd lso mutbulltis mut ndis
on behmiddot lt cf Jmiddotr-n nlt thamp othr --~~era signmiddot tory
to th -~umiddotdrunlr cific Tremiddot ty ot 13 Decltaber 1921
stmiddotmiddottes thbullt shy 20 Ths N1gtthcrbnds not bain sifO tory to tt smiddot fd
- 9~ shy
Tre middotty middotmiddotnci t_h~ Ncthrl nds possession in the region
ot-thc P~riific Ccern thErcforc not being includ~d
in the bullgrccmcnt ref~rred to His Britnnic t~J~stys
Govarnmrnt nxious to for0 stmiddot ll ny conclusion conshy
trmiddot ry to ths sirit of the Trcbullty desires to dGcl~rlt
thnt it is firml~middot r0solvcd to respect tho rights of
the Ncthcrlbullnds in rslmiddottion to ctr insulmiddotmiddotr posscdshy
sions in the region of the Pmiddotcific 0cc n
Idcntic Communic tien 11dE to the ortugucsG Govurnshy
mcnt on 6 Fcbrumiddotri 1922 on behlf of tho British
on b~hmiddot lf of Jbull T n nc th othn owers slpn tory to
the ~u-ar~lE Tclf4 c Tr0middotmiddottbullmiddot cf 13 Decu1ber 1921
stmiddottes th t shy
2~ ~ho ortuguesE not beinp signmiddottory to the s id
-Trebullty nd the ~ortusucsc ~ossess~ons in the region
of the ~~cific Ccc1n therefore not being included
in tte middotgreencnt rsLrrd to E Brlthnic middot jcity s
Government nxioupound to forEJst11 ny conclusion
ccntrbullry tc th fririt of the Trcmiddot t) desires to
acclmiddot re th middotj it is firrillmiddot rosolvcd to respect thfgt
rights of nortugmiddot 1 in rel tion to hor insubr posshy
sessions in th~ i-rion of th TLcific Ccern
Ttc rebull ty bftweon the TTnitcd Stmiddot tcs of lcricr the
Pritish Comcnvomiddotlth oftmiddotmiddot t0ns tlgiuM Chin-
Yrrnc~ Itbullly JmiddotTmiddotn the N~thcrlmiddotnas nd Portupmiddotl
concludedmiddot~~ ~igns~ t middotmiddot~shin~ton 6 P~brumiddot ~y 1922
~c 2middotmiddotid retmiddot wf siv1d middotnd rrtifLd b~middot or on
lmiddot lf cf TbullO-n middot ni middot ct 01 th~ n ticr5 brireine thlt- bull
ctmiddotrPt~ in ttls I~dictntnt ~Ith t~L czc~ption of th~
- 91 shy
Union middotof Sovi~t Sooiel1et Re1ubllcs middot
Article I
Themiddot Contractin~ rowers other than China
eereebull
22 bull ( l) Tu reseot middotthe sovereifnty the independshy
ence end the territorill adilinhtrstive integrity
ot China
2J ( 2) To )rovide ihe tullest and nost unem-
berraesed oportunity toCh1na tc develop end mainshy
tain tor herself en etteotive end stable Government
24 ( J) To use their middotinfluence tor the purpose ot
effectually establiehinv end oainteininq theprinshy
ciple of equal or~ortunity for the ooJllilerce and
industry_ of ell noticns throll eurohout tte territory of
China
25 (4) To refrain fron tekinf advantage ot conshy
di ti~ms in China in ormiddotder to see special rights_ or
privilegeft wh)ch wculd ampbridge the rights ot subjects
omiddotr _cl tizens of friendly States Eind- fror1 countenancshy
ing action in~ical to the security ot such States 9middot
Article II
26 The Contractin- ewers agree not to enter into_
any tre~ty eereeoent arraneementor understanding
either with one another middotor ndivltually _or collecshy
tively with any pwer or Tmiddotowers llmiddothicb wouid
infring~ or impair the p~inoiples stated in middotArticle Ir Article III
ntri th a view tomiddot eJl]lmiddotin~ more ettectuelly the
principles -Of th (lpen JJvOr or equality Of OJgt)Ortun-
ity in Chine for tte trade and incustry of all
nstions thP Contracmiddotting rovere other ~hen Chna
- 95
e~ee that they 111111 not seek nor sup~_t thelr
tesnective ne~ fone ls in seeUnr shy
27bull (a) middot Any errenfenent which rmiddotdrht -urrort to
establish in favour of their interests any general
suueriori ty of riftts 1th respect to comraerdal or
economic development in any desi_neted reeion of
China
28 ( b) Any suet oonoooly or preference as would
denri ve the m ti one ls of ani other --ower of the rieht
of undertaking any legitimate trade or industry in
China or o participitinif 1th the Chinese Governshy
ment or with any local e uthority in any category
or -public enteririse or which by reason of its
scope duration or geora~hical extent is celcushy
lated to frustrate the rrecticel ep-llcation cf the
principle of eual opportunity
It is understood tl~t te foreeoilf stipulationf
of this Article are not to be so construed amps to
Tgtrohibit the acquisition of such 1ronerties or
ri~h_ts as me~ be necessary to the conduct of a parshy
ticular cornrercial middotindustrial er financial undershy
takin or to the encourapoundeLent of invention end
research
Cbira undertakes to be gdcled by the rinciples
stated in tte foregon- stir-uletions of this ~middotticle
in dealinr wit-0 er-rlicetions for emiddotcononic rights end
privileges frc1 timiddot rcverll1ents end naticnals of t11
foreien countries whethEr partiEs t~ tha present
Article IV
29 The Cortr~ct~~ ~cr~~s BfrEe not to ~up~Qrt
eny agreements by their respective nationals with
each other designed to create Spheres of Influence
or to rovide for the enjojment of mutually exolusiv
opportunities in des1gnsted parts of Chinese terri shy
tory
Art1cldege VII
JO The Contrectin) ewers agree that vhenevr a
siturtion arise) hich in the opinion of any one or
thcu involves the cpplicit1on or the stipulations
of the present Treaty middottnd renders desirable disshy
cuSsion or suoh Epplioction thermiddot6 shall be full
snd frark oo6riuriio tion between themiddot Contrc oting
Powera co1oerned
Treaty hpoundtwe3n ttc United Stetes and JEllP-n signed
t middotmiddotrshinrton 11 Februry 1922
The arid Trecty wa3 sirned rnd ratiffod by
the 8fnstory rcbullmiddotrs
~rticle II 1
Jl The United StEtes end lts nmiddot tionals shall
receive ell the benefits or the cngagcuents of Jepar
defined in ~rticles J 4 ondmiddot 5 of the Eforesaid
lsndete notwithstmdin the fect that the United
Strtes is not e mcmuer of the Ls6gue of thbulltions
Ccnvsnt1on signLd ~t Gcnevr 19 February 1925
J2 Th sdd Convention wcs s1encd nd rtified by
or on bchnlf of Jbullmiddotpt n nd B[O~ of the nyt1ons bringshy
ing th1o chrmiddotregtcs in this Indictrrnnt with tho excepshy
tion of the Union of Soviet Soci~list R~1ublics
(bin i-ol middotthe TrJtsd StrtoF or raric bull
- 97 shy
~nericomiddot tbs Prssldent of the Gerrpoundmiddotn Reich Fls
Jejcsty the Yinp cf the Bleiens 1 the resi1font of
the Frrnch R=~ubl1c 1 Fis te 1esty the inmiddot of Grnegtt
~itPin 1 IrclFnd end the British Loninlons beyond the
SeM I Irm6ror of India His la jsty the r1n9 of
Itely 1 His Llt-jcsty theuro Ecurror of J~f)en the resishy
dent cf the ctqublic of PolPnd Lnd the Prcsident of
the Czochoslov=k Reuronublic 1 ccnclueed Lnd signed ct
Jrris 27 middotw-ust 1928 1 knorn ~s thE IbllOg-)ri1nd
Peet nd ~~ the ~rct of Pmiddot ris
The srid rebull ty YlS signed Pnd r-tified by the
1iill tcry obullsrs
lrtick I
JJ Thi lifh Contrcctng ~1rties 1101Emn~y deelcre
in the nr~es of their res~ctive peoplesJh~t they
condecn recoursemiddot to 1-middotr for the solution of intcr shy
nctionrmiddotl ccctrovcrsies ~ne renounce it cs en
instrllJlCnt of n tic _-1 policy in tbcir rlr tions
with -ons inctber
Article II
J4 The Rieb Contr(ctin~ Prties ogree th t th
settlement or solution of i11 disrutes or conflicts
of ~-hitevtr n tur or of hotevcr origin tbey ruy
sought except by pbullcific M~middotns
Dccl~r ticn of Irrpcrirl p~ncsb GovcrI11lcnt 1 27 June
1929 1 ccnccrning -~rticle I of the Kelloge-Pribull nd
Peet of 27 August 192
Th Impcrlr 1 lcv rnnnt dccL re thi t ttc
rhr soolog in tts nmiddotlltS of tt(ir respective
p01ks Pf-middotrin 1 rticlc J cf tt rrmiddot ty frr
- 98 shy
the Renuncif tion cf _ r sirncd rt rrie on 27
urust 1928 vicved in the light of th~ provisions
or the Impcribulll Constitution is understood to be
inrppliCbmiddot in so fmiddotr s Jrprn is concernecl
llG Convmiddot ntion rclbullmiddott~n~middot to l~rcotic Drugs shncd
rt Gcncv~ lJ July 1931
35 The srid Convention wbullssign~d -nd rrtifiad by
or on bchmiddot lf of Jcpn with r rcscrv tion s recorded
in th protmiddotocol cf sirn ture nc c ch of th n tions
brinfing the chrrecs _in this Indictiicnt with tro
cxcetion of the Union of SoviEt ~ocilist RG~ublics
Chinbull trc Cor-monwe ltr of tustr lir rnd Ncw ZDlrnd
Trc ty btveurocn Thilmiddotnd middotnd Jp nmiddot conccrnin~ the
continumiddot nc of frimiddot~ndly rJlmiddottions middot nc tho nutu 1
riscct cf emiddottlh others tcrritoribulll iptcgrity 1
Si1ned middot t Tokyo 12 June 1940
lhc sbull id Tre tr wmiddot s s~_gnec nd rmiddot tified by
the Sign tory rovcrs
trticlG I
3l nThE Fifh ContrbullcCinf Forties s~~ll nutu~lly
resnct ~-ch others territoribulll intqrity middotnd
hcrebmiddot rcrfflru the constrmiddotnt 1cce nd the ierpetuil
fricndship existin between them
Convention rcsnctin~ t~c ~irhts bullnd Duties of
reutr1 ewers ~nd creons in 1fmiddot_r on Vmiddotnd signed
~t Tho Hbull2uJ 18 OctcbLr 1~07
37- rtJcle I
Th trrltory of mutr l ~-mcs is inviolmiddotmiddottl
JR _rtiole II
- 99 shy
rcross the tG~tor of ~ ntiutrl ow1r
Treo-ty of Jortsraoutl- b6twEen Russfr -nd Jpcn
signod 5 Sertc~bampr 1905 which esttblished
Art1cl6 II (p(rbullerr-~h 3) 39 It is bulllso ~greod thmiddot t in crder to rvoid middotlJ
c~ usa of iiisunderstmiddot nc-ing the two F1gt Contrrct1ne
-rt1es wi11 -bstdn ontl6 Russo-Iorcin frontier
from tr11nv r-ny nillt ry morsur6s which moy mEnccamp
tte security of Russ1middot n or ~orern territory
bullrt1cle It (Pmiddotrts l bullnd 2) Ja~an ana Russia mutua~ly e~~age
40 ( l) To evmiddot cu te COll)lGt ely nd simultr neously
tmiddotbull nchlirilt1 eJCcpt thbullj territory rffected by the lcse
of the li~otun2 zcninsuln in conformity with the
provisions of middotcdition l lrticle I~ nnexod to
Trc ty bullmiddotnd
41 () To rcstors cntirtolt middot nd COl]lttoll to th
oxclusive dninamptr tion ofChin_ 11 rortions of
irnchuri nov in th~ occuo tion or under middottho coritrol
of the lqmiddotnGse or Rurs1middot1 troops Nitl th exception
of the trr1 tor bull b0vbull rn nt londl
rticlc IV
obstruct ny gcncr-middot1 nrsures cnmiddotmiddotmiddotJori to rmiddotll C0 1Lttr1es
vhicb Chin~ rnmiddoty t middot~ tor th lcvlorwnt t)f thv
coriflcrcs rid incustr~middot of gt nchu1middot1bull
I) middotmiddotn middotnJ -usbull ngmiddotp tbull xlbit thdr
- 1ot shy
44 J middotn nd Russi uutumiddotmiddotlly grec-not to conshy
struct in their rcsnectivu possessions on th~
Islrnd of Srghbulllicn or the middotdJ cent isl-nds ny
fortificmiddottione or other similmiddotmiddotr militrl works
They middotmiddotlso rrspectivcly cngg not to t l1 ~ny milishy
tr ry ncsures hch MY impede the free nmiddot vigmiddottion
cf the Strmiddot its o 1middot re rouse bull nd T rt ry
h onventfon on Elbodying P~sc hulcs of tho
Rclmiddotmiddottions bctweenmiddotJrbulln nlt= the Union cf Soviet
ltocilist Rr~ublics 1 srn~d 20 J nur 1925 in
rkine
This Conv0nticn wmiddots signed middotnd rmiddottificd by the
Ciflnmiddotmiddot tory rovcrs
rticle V
45 bull Tho High 0ontrbullmiddotcting ~ rtis soleMnl ffirm
thcr desire middotnd intention to liv~ in rbull~cc middotnd
bullmiddotMitr ri ti emiddot ch ottr scrupulcJsly to rspcct th1
undoubted rieht of Stmiddottc to order its oyn life
1dthin ts own jurisdiction in its own w~y to
rf frmiddot in - ncl rcstrr in bull 11 erson in middot ny govornshy
mentrmiddot l service for th-11 nd 11 or~niz7ticns n
rocir-t of middot O findegncirl rssiitmiddot rc~ fron them frou
middot~ny middot ct ovrt or covrt limiddotmiddotbl fr II) w~y whtcver
to enc1middot n1er the order middot nlt securitr n i n1 rmiddot rt of
thc tcrritoris cf T n n th nlol 1f ltcvivt
Socimiddotljst ~rublios
rt l f11rt~-1r middot ~rcrt1 tmiddot~ t n thtr ontrmiddotct~nq
r-~rty ~~ middot11 rsrr-middotmiddot bull_ t~1 middotr=f( n 1i tr - t-rrltorlis
undr bullts juri stl ctJ vi -- ( middotmiddot ) of c--n izmiddot t~c-re er
irouS pr-tn1ln~ tmiddot bi~ th CTOVcIlll1-lt iCr ~ny r- t
of ttf t~rritorier Gf tb~ ether ~rt~ or b) cf
- 101 shy
alien subjects or citizens who may be found to be
_actually carryinr on political activities for such
organizations or -bullro ups
The Neutrality act t)etween the TTn~on of Soviet
rlccialist Reublics and Tapan siuned 13 April 1941
This ~ect was sirned end ratified~~ the
Signatory rowers bull
~rti cle I
46 Both Contrecti 1g Iarties engage to naintain
peaceful end friendly relations between themselves
and mutually respect the territorhl integrity end
inviolabilit of the other Contracting Party
Article II
47 If one of the Contrectlng Parties becomes the
object of militar action on the part of one or
several other overs the cther Contracting Farty
will r~intaln neutrality during the whole ~ericd of
the conf 11 ct
- 102 shy
list of Lfficiel bullssuronces Violated by JIc1-~nd lncororeted Li Group One
25thmiddot Se~tember 1931 ~het JalBn rad no
territoriel desiens in renchuriamp
2 25th middotcvember 1931 That there was no truth
in the report of a Japanese edvancemiddoton Chinchow
J 22nd December 1931 Thet Chinese sovereignty
would be accented ~no that tre opei c-oor rolicy
would be nsntEned
4 5th Jenu~ r 1 1933 That Jaan hsd no territshy
oriel ellbitons s~ut~ cf Jhe Greet Well in vina
5 25th n~ril 1 1934 middotThat Jepan had no intention
vhatever of seeUn~ leciel privileuroPes in Cbinr of
encrcechire UOn the territorial snd administr11tive
integrit v of Chine or oI creating difficulties for
the bona fide trr-de of other countries middot1th Chne
6 15th uibullust 1 1937 That Janen harboured no
territorial designs on China enrl would middotsprre no
efforts in sefeuardin foreltn interest end r1hts
in Cina
7- Seterber 1937 That Jsren had peecetul
intentionB EJnn e lECY of -territorial designs in
Torth Chins
8 17th Fe_bruery 1 1939 That lfjpaa hid nc
terrl torlel designs in China nc that the occul)bt icI
ietrndnn uetl lU~-her_reP(bullristons_ th Geimiddot=ny 6ld
Itsl~ r~JttiYa t~ ~1 ser r~li-timiddot)ne wlticr tht i11tishy
- middot103 shy
10 l5th April 1940 ~hct Je~sn desired status
quo of the I-etherlands ~est Indies
11 16th ~ey 1940 That Japan had no rIEns nor
pur])ose tomiddot attack the Nettmiddoterlends East Indies
12 24th lerch 1 1941 Thft under no circumst6nces
vculd Jaoen ettacr the United States of 1oerica
Greet Dritein or th etherlancls est lndits
lJ 8th July 1941 That Ja~n rac not so fer
consfderec1 the middot~ossibili t~ of 1ifhtnf the Union
of Soviet Socialist Reublics
14 10th Tulv 1941 Thft Japen cont~plated no
cction rgoinst French lndo-Chne
15 5th middot~cerber 1941 Tht troop riovernnts in
French cndo-Cldna were precauticner1 meltlsUres bull
104 shy
AlPtmrx n
Incor~oreted in Group Three
The Laws and Customs of 1middotar ere established
pertly by tre ~rectice of civilized netions end
pertly by Conventions snd rseurances which are
either directly bindinn upon the parties thereto or
evidence of the established ~nG recognized rules
The Conventions end issurences hereinigtfter rentioned
in eny Prt of this ppendix will be relied upon es
s middothole for both iurposes only the nost leterial ~rticles being nuoted herein
1 The Convention o 4 d_one at The FFgue on the
18th October 1907 concerning the Laws and Customs
of igtr on Lend provides ( inter elie) as follolls
middotcccrding tc the views of the high Gonshy
trectinr- irties thes ~rovisio1s the drafting
of which hes been insrired by the desire to
diminish the evils of war so far ts military
requireoents perflit ere intended to serve JS
a gener~l rule of conduct for the bellirerents
in tteir reletions with the inhnbitants
It hes not 10VEVtir been found rossible
et present to concert stiulctions covering ~11
th circumst~nces lict er~e in rrctlce
Cn the other h~ne tts Eigh Contrecting
irtls clmiddotrly de not intcrd tlJ~t unforeseen
cses stculd in Gefult of written qre(llent
be left to the rtitrar) Cinion of milit~ry
- 105 shy
conms nders
r~ntil o nore ccmrilete c0deuro of th6 laws of
-tar clt-n be drmiddotwn up the Hieh Contr~cting
rrties dee~ it expedient to declPre thbullt in
c~ses not covered by the rules bulldopted by then
the inh~ bi t~nts ltncl the belligerents remr in
under the protGction ~nd governunco of the
princi~les of the lw of nr tions derived from
the us~~es ~stbullblished rmon~ civilized peoples
fron th1 1~ws of humnity middot-middotnd frou the diet~ t6~
of the public consci~nco
The RoguLtions sit out in the nn6x to the sric
Convntion 1tich for~s Tirt tler6of der 1 in
Section I witt Belliger6nts rnd risoncrs of middotcrrr in
qection II witt ao~tiliti(s ~na in Section III with
ilitrry middotuthority over the Territory of the Hostile
Stbullte
middotrticle 4 thereof in Section I provides (intsr
[li~) ~s follows
~r isoners of middotmiddotmiddot-r middotre in thEgt ower oI the
hostile Governmaat but not of th~ indivi6u~ls
or corps wlo cmiddot rture theuron middotbull
Convention lo 10 dcJ~ bull t th sr-r~ time nd
)lce concerns 1middotmiddotritime middotr
The _smiddot id Ccnvntions Yere signed bull nd rmiddottified
by er on ceb~lf cf over fcrt nmiddotmiddot tions including
bJ n middot na ebullmiddotcJ- o tho n~tions bringing t_he ch~rges
in this Indictment Eubject to C6rtrin rescrvtions
- 116 shy
not ere Rteri~l nd ttcus bec~ma rrt or evidence
cf the I~ws bull nd ~uetcms of middotmiddotmiddotr
2 Tho rore eonnlc te code of the I -ws of rr conshy
tenpl td by ttc s id Convention is contdncd iu
relmiddottion tc ~risoners of ~r in tho Inter~ tionl
Convention relmiddot ti ve to thc Trebull traent of risonors
of middotmiddotr done bullmiddott r-cnev on th6 27tli July 1929
(hertinrfter cbullllod the Genev Convention~)
lthoulI pmiddot n did not rbull tify thamp s id Convenshy
tion it bocmiddotne bindinr upon her for one or more of
the folobulling recsons
() It ws sipned on tho srid dmiddotte by or on
beh~lf of forty-seven n tions including
J middotmiddot n middot nu ch of the n tions bri~ging
the cr-rres in this Indlctmnt -nd
rrtified bJ over fdrty n~tions -nd thus
becmiddotmc nrrt or evitiLnce of the Lr~s -nd
Customs of r
( b) corm1uniclttion d ted tho 29th J~nur ry
1942 silned by 10GC Shigunori one of
the bullccused middot s For~ign l~nister on boh~lf
of Jp n ~ddresscd to the swiss inister
in Tokyo contr-incd the following stbulltement
middotlthough not bound by the 0onvention
r_1middot tiv to the Trtmiddot tment of ~middotrisoner~
of r middotJrpmiddotbulln will bullply mutmiddot tis
~1ltmiddot ndis the revisions of thmiddot t
Convcnticn to middotmericn prison~rs of
r In cocununicmiddot tion d- tesd on or - bout ths
- 107 shy
JOth January 1942 addressed to the
Argentine middotinister n Tokllo by TOGO
Shigenori one of the accused es Foreign
middotinister on behalf of- Japan it is stated
The Imperial Government has not yet
ratified the Convention of 27th July
1929 regarding the treatment of prisshy
oners of er They are not therefore
subject to the said Conventionmiddot None
the less trey will anply mutatis
mutendis the conditions of ihet Conshy
vention to English (enedien iustrelmiddot
ien end Jew Zeeland prisoners of war
in their power bullmiddotbull1th regard to suppl
of food and clothin~ to prisoners of
war they will consider on condition
of recinrocity national and racial
custous of the prisoners
By the said comr1unications or one of them
Japan acceded to the seid Convention in
accordence 1dth rticle 95 thereof and
the state of war then existin~ gave inmedshy
iate effect to such accession
middot (_c) The said comiunicetions constituted assurshy
ances to the United States of merica the
United Lingdor1 of Great Britain and North~
Irelane Canada ~ustralia ampnd iiew Zealan
to whoee governments the said coumanicetio
were intended to bb end Nere repeuted by
the raspectivemiddot~ecipients thereof adin
each case to ell nations who were at war
- 108 shy
with Japan
Except in the said natters there are no proshy
visions of tte said Geneva Convention to which the
expression mutatis mutandismiddotbull could properly be
applied
J The International Convention for the meliorshy
ation of the londition of the tmiddotounded and S1ck in
~rmies n the ~ield done at Geneva on the 27th July
1929 ( known as and hereinafter called I the Red Crost
Conventionbulll provides (inter alia) as follews
rrticle 26 The Corunenders-in-Chief of bellig
erent armies shall arrange the details for
carrying out the preceding articles as well as
for cases no~ provided for in accordance with
the instructions of their respective Government
and in conformity with the general principles
of the presampnt Convention ~
Japsn was a party to the said Convention
together with over forty other nations which ttus
becane art or evidence of the lavs an~ middotustorns of
ar In the above-mentioned coilllunicrtion deted on
or about the 29th January 1942 Japan stated
Jspon obs1rves strictly the Ganeva Convention
of 27th July 1929 rulstivs to the R~d Cross
as a state sign1tory of that Convtntion
cAommunicetion dated tblgt 13th Februar 1942
l~ shy
signed by TCG0 1 Shigenori one of the accused as
Foreign l-inister on behalf of Jspe_n addressed to
the swiss Jlinlster in okyo contained the_followlng
statement
The Imperial Government TAill apply during the
present war on con~ltlon of reciprocity the
provisions relative totbe treatment of prisonshy
ers of war of the 27th July 1929 to enemy
civilian internees as fer as applicable to
them enc prQvided that labour will not be
imposed u~on-them contrary to their free choic~
The said communlcetion constituted en assurshy
ance to ell the nations et wer with Je~an (who in
fact carried out the provisions of the said Convenshy
tfon es aplice ble to Jaamiddotnese clvi lien internees)
other then tra Republic ef Chine
The above-mentioned assurances were rereated by
the_ Japanese Foreign inistrymiddot on several occasions
as r~cently as tne 26th i-ay 1943
Epound~cbull11ns CF B1E~CrEs shy
All the offences are oreeches of the Laws end
Custolls of er in ec1dition to end es proved in
pert by the several -~rticles of the Conventions end
assurences specifically nentioned
SEClION NJE
Inhumane treatment contrary imiddotn each ease te
Article 4 of the said Anne_x to the said RagJlbull Conven
- 110 shy
tion end the whole of the said Geneva Convention end
to the s~id assurances In addition to the inhumane
treatment alleged in SectionsTwo to Six hereof
inclusive which are incorporated iri this Sacti6n
prisoners or war end civilian internees were murdere~
beaten tortured and otherwise ill-treated and
female prisoners were raped by members of the
Japanese forces
SECTICN TWO bull
Illegal employnent of prisoner of war labour middotcontrary in each case to rticle 6 of the said Annex
to the said Hague Convention end to ~art III of the
said Geneva Convention end to the said assurances
The said emuloyment was illegal in that
(a) prisoners or war were enployed on work
having connection end direct connection
with the operations of war
(b) prisoners of warwere employed on work for
which they ere hysicelly unsmiddot~ited and
on ~1ork which was unhealthy end dangerous
(c) the duration of daily work wee excessiye
end rrisomiddot1ers middot I-ere not allowed rests of
twenty-four middotconsecuti va hours in each week
(d) conmiddotditions of work wer rendered more
arduous ty c1lsclplinery measures
(e) prisoners were kapt end compalled to work
in unhce lthy cliretEgts end dangerous zones
end without sufficient food clothing or
toots
- 111 ~
SCTI CN Tl-R EE
Refusal sne ftbullilure to raintaln prisoners of
wer contrary tomiddot Article 7 of the said Annex to the
said Heeue Convention and ~rticle 4 end Pert III
trticlai 9 - 12 inclusive of the said Geneva Convenshy
tion and to t~amiddot seid assurances
C~ine to differences ~f netionel and reciel
custo~s the food end ~lothing supplied to the
la~enese troops were even when supplied to rrisonerr
of wor belonging to the white races insufficient
to tiointsin them Adequete food end clothing were
not SUP lied either in ecc9rdance with the said
Conv3nt1ons or the said essurences
The structural end sEnitary conGi tion of the
cc~ps end labour detachments f~iled entirely to
COR)ly with the stid ~rticlee and Yltse extremely
bed unhealth~middot end inadequate
Yashilll ent drinking facilities were inEdequete
end bed
S~TICN FCllR
Excessive and illegal punis~ment of risonars
of war contrery tq Article 8 of the said ~nnex to
the said Hague Convention end to rert III Section
V Chapter) of the said Geneva Convention and tc
the said assurances
(o) Prisoners of ~er ~ere killed beaten and
tortured vithout trial or investigetion of
any kind for alleged offences
(b) such uneuthorlzed punlsbments ware inflict
ed for alleged offences wtlch even if
- 112 shy
proved were not under the seid Conventionis
offences et middoten
(cl collective punishments were imposedmiddot for
individual alleged offences
(d) priscners were sentenced to punishment
more severe then imprisonment for thiity
days t9r stteQpting to escape
(el conditions ot the trial ot prisoners did
not conforn to those laid down in the seid
Chapter
(f) conditions ot lllprisonm~nt ot prisoners
sentenced did not conform to those laid
down in the said Chapter bull
sectCTIlt JrIVE
istreetment or the sick end wounded meicsl
personnel end ferale nurses contrary to Articles 3
14 15 end 25 of the seid Geneva Convention end
rticles 1 9 10 end 12 ot the seid Jee Cross Conshy
vention end to the said assurences
(el Officers end soldiers who were wounded or
sick medical personnel chaplains and
~ersonnel of voluntary aid Societies were
not respected or protected but were
murdered ill-treated end neglected
(b) medical personnel chaplains and personnel
er voluntary aid Societies were ~rongfully
retained in ~apenese hende
(cl female nurses were raped L1urdered and
ill-treated
(d) camps did not possess infirmaries and
- 113 shy
seriously sicJt prisoners ena those requirshy
ing illportant surical treatrent were not
edmittea to ~iliiary or civil institutions
qualifieG to treat them
(e) monthly t1edical inspections were not
arranged
(f) sick and wounded prisoners were transferred
elthou~h their reccvery-was prejudiced by
their journeys bull
S-0CTJO SIX
HuniIiation of prisoners of war ampnd especially
officersi contrary to trticle 8 of tha said Annex to
the said Hafue Conveurontion ana Articles 2 J 18 21
22 and 27 of the seid Geneva Convention and to tbe
seic assurances
(a) Prisoners were aeliberctely ~ept ana nade
to work ~n territories occ~riea by Japan
for the purrose ormiddotex~osing them to thb
nsults end curiosity of the inh~bitants
(bl prisoners in Tapen and in occuried tershy
ritories including officers were compelshy
led to orlt on rampnial tasls and exposed to
l)UbUc view
( c) officer ~r isoners vere -clacect rnaer the
control of ron-commissionea cifictrs and
private soldiers end oonp llLd to selute
them sr6 to wort
Refusel or feilure to collect en trensrnit
- 111 shy
informrtion rrerdinf rrisoners (fmiddot war end rGplies
to enquiriGs on tto subject centrer~ to trticle 14
of the seid Annex tc the seid Pague Convention end
to ~rticles 8 eqd 77 of the seid rsneva Ccnvention
and to the sEid assurances
Proper records were not kept nor inforfileshy
tion supplied es requirLd by the said
rrticles and the riost lmpcrtFnt of such
records as vorc kept were delibLrotely
distroyed
S~CIO rmiddotyenJ
Obstructions of the rirhts of the rrotectine
rowers of RLd Cross Socioties of prisonors of war
end of thair reprcs~nt~tives contrary to rticlc 15
of the seid bnncx to t~e s~id Pcfua Convention ana
t~ lticles Jl 42 44 78 Ln~ 86 of the said cneva
Convention end t9 tho said assurances
( o) The rrnrc sntti vcs of tha bullrotectj ng
Power ( Svd tZerlind) viere refused or not
rrsnt(d pmiddotroission to visit camns rnd
access to premises occupiod by prisoners
(b) vhcn suet rornlssion was gr11nttd ttr were
not allowod to hold conversetion with
prisoners without witnesses or ct ell
(c) on such occasions conditions in eo11ps w_r
dcc(ptively pr_pbrod to apbullepoundir btter thin
nor~1~l rnC rrisomrs wrr thrsttoned with
punishment if thy cornrleincd
(d) prisonErs ampnd th~ir rcprasant~tivss weru
not ellowGd to lllku complaints rs to the
- 115 shy
neturv or -their work or otherwhe or to
correspond rreelmiddot with the nilitery eit~iorshy
ities or tle rrotectin owampr
(e) Red CroEs ~ercels end nail were withheld
Erlloyinf ~oison contrary to the _lnternstionsl
Declaration resiiectin7 Asr-hyxistinf (bulleses siened by
( inter elia) Japen Pnc China st The Hague on the 29th
July 1899 and to ~rticle 2J(a) or the said Annex
to the said Es~ue Convention ane to ftrticle 171 of
the Tremiddotety otmiddotVerseilles
In the w~r~ of Japan ereinst the bullbullerublic
of Cline poison gas was lSed- Ttiis
elleretion is confined to thetmiddot country
smiddotcrr0r~ Tirr
illine enemies who tsvn laid down their
arms Qr no longer tevinr 1esns middotf defence had
surrenderec et discretion contrerr to ~rticle 23( t
of ~he sdlt Annex to this soid Eemiddot u~ Convention
Destruction or cneri rogterty without mlliterJ
Justificeticn or necessit~ end rillege contrary to
rticles2J(1d 2~ end 47 of the seid Annex to tbe
said Haguu Conventic-n
Failure to resrcct iani~middot honcur ed rights
ind V iduel lifEJ r-r1vE ti procrtr end rclifOUS
- 116 -middot
convictions and worship middot111 occ11phd territories and
denortation and ensl~vement ot tte inhabitants
thereof contrery to flrticle 46 or th~ said nnnex to
the said llegue Conventionmiddot end to the Laws end Customs
ot er
Large numbers ct the inhabitants ot such
territories were murdered torturto~ raped
End otherwise ill-treated arrested and
interned without Justificationmiddot sent to
reread labour ano tlir property destroyd
or cont1scotcd
SECTIC~ FT~T
E1111111 survivors ot shipsmiddot sunk by neval action
end crews of cspt11rd snirs contrary to rtich 16
ot irefrue Convention rro io ot 1907
Failure to rcsp0ct ~111tary hospital ships
contrary to ftrticle 1 01 the lEFt-mention0d Convenshy
tion and unleltul use of JamiddotJcnce bosPi ti l ships
centrer to trticles 6 ~ne 8 theraor
XTI crbull PTTn
~ttacks and especially ampttecs ~ithout due
wirning ution noutrl ships
- 117 bull
Statement of Individual Responsibility for Crimes Set Cut in the Indictment
The stetenents hereinefter set forth following
the nerle of each individual Defendant constitute
matters unon which the Frosecution will rely inter
elie as establishin~ the individual responsibility
of tbe Defendants It is charged against each of the Defendants
that he usad the po-er and nrestige of the position
which he held end his rersonel influence in such a
manner that he pro~oted and carried out the offences
set out in each Count of this Indictment in which
his name ap~eers
It is charged against each of the Defendants
that during the periods hereinafter set out against
his nnle he was one of those responsible for all the
acts and omissions of the various Governments of
which he bullas a member and of the various civil
military or naval organizations in vhich he held fl
position of autbcrity
It is crargad against each of the nefendants
as sho~n by the nurnb6rs fiven aftisr bis nalle that
he was ~resent at nr ccncurree in tte dacisions
taken at sole of the conferences end cabinet reetings
leld on or about tte follovinf dates in 1941 which
decisions prepared 1or end led to unlawful war on
7th8th Dece~ber 1941
1 25th June 1941 (Liaison)
2 26th June 1941 (liaison)
J 27th Junt 1941 ( L1a1middotsmiddotcn)
- 118 shy
4 28th June 1941 (Liaison)
5 )0th June 1941 (Supreme Yor Council)
6 2nd July 1941 (Imperial)
1 7th August 1941 (Thought Control Council)
s 22nd August 1941 (Cebinet)
9 6th September 1941 (I1rp6r1al)
10 17th October 1941 ( x-Ireniers)
11 26th iovcnber 1941 ( Liaison)
12 29th 1ovember 1941 (x-Prenier s)
1) 1st December 1941 (Imperial)
14 1st Decenber 1941 (Cabinet)
ARAKI
The Defendant ARAYI bet~een 1926 and 1945 was
amonr other ~s1tions held- Chief of General Affe1ri
Department of the ~ffice or Inspector General or
111tarr Training ( 1931) lin1ster of er under
Inukai end Seito (December 19)1 to July 19)4) e
full General (19))) ember or the Supreae Yer
Council ( 19)4 to 19)6) ember or the Cab1nt
Advisory Council on China (19)7) dacetlon dnister
under ronoye soc then under vrv111middot~ (ley 19)8 to
August 19)9) iember or thE Cabinet ~dvisory
Council (1940)
he D6fondent rc1-nmiddot 1 1 between 1928 enl 194S
we s enoni- other pr id t lone t e 1 d - ColllLlander of the
Special Service Section ln 1snchur1s (September
19)1) Peyor of ukdn ( 5pter1ber to Cctobcr 19Jl)
attached to heedlt1ucrters lwentunr Army ( 19)))
- 119
Chiet Adviser to the rortt China autonooous Govarnshy
111ent Colllllnc5er-in-Chlef reienese 5th Jrri Janchurie
(1938 to 1940) Suprene 1middoter Councillor (1940 to
1943) Inepector Qenerel ot 1111tery lvietion (1941)
tull renerel (April 1941) Cmmendemiddotr-in-Chiet
Eestern Army in l11en (1943)_Ciu1Snder ot the 7th
Aree 11r1111 et Slgeriore (1944 to 1945) Inspector
renerel 111tory Trelninl (A~ril 1945)
Conterenoes- s
he )efe1~dent ~middot~~rITI between 1928 and 1945
was erionmiddot other Gsitions held- etteched rmy
Cenerol Steff Cl9JJ) retired fro-n Army (Pebruery
1936) author cf Iecleretons cf E~gtFr OTO iingoro
(1936) re-entered the Army (1937) commended en
rtillerr Pegillent et the Ree cf llnmiddottdn (1937)
in corlland of Jeranese forces which shelled the
ladybird and the -aney (1937) author of a l~rge
number ot books articles in ~lc iragezine Tai ye
Dd tippon en6 oter rublicE tions end ~utlic
speeclef ell advCcting agrress~ ve wEirfere member
of e nu~ber of societies fer the 1nst1get1on of army
control over ~~11tics end furtherance er er~ressiva
~1erfre proroter of e nunber o lets designed tcshy
renove poll ti clans lti oft lcers Ylhoo he did not
consider sufficiently eecreiEve middote frunder of the
T~~~ (194n) elected to the Lcwer rouse of the
fjit 1194)
- 120 shy
The Detendent f beheen 1928 and 1945 was
aronr other CS1 t1ons held- D1v1s 1onal Colllander in
l-encbur1 (1933) Chlet o ~rmy ~v1at1on Department
( 1935) C=ander or tts Taiwan trmy ( 1936 to 1937)
Inapector reneraLet bull111tary Ecucatlon and L1eJ1be~
ot the S1~1rene tar Council ( tugust 1937 l a full
General (Februa~y 1937) Colroander-1n-Ch1et of the
Jltxped1t1onary Force in Central China (February 1938)middot
ember ot the 3uDrez-e bullmiddoter Council ( January 1939l
middot-er llinlster under be ( ugust 1939 to Januery 1940)
Ccmmander-1n-Ch1et ot the ~xped1t1onary Force 1n
Central Chna (Tuly 1940 to 1944) iel6 lershall bullend ember of the JloCrd ot Jarshele aad d1irels
(June 1944) Insgtector General ot 111tery Sducetion
(Novenber 1944)
PIR 1~
he Defendant -1 middot r between middot1928 end 1945
was among ctler nositlons held- Founder ot the
Yokuhonsta end resident frcir 1926 to 1936 Vice
resident ot Jrlvi Coulc11 (1930 to 1936) rresldent
ot r1vy Council (1936 to 1939) rrLe nnister
( January to middotugust 1939) 1-lnister middot1i thout -middotortfollc
under Konoye and tor a time Eome inister and later
V1ce-remier (July 1940 to Cctrber 1941) ie~ber of
~bought Control Council ueust 141) ires1dent
rrivy Cou~cil (1945)
Conferrnces- l234b7612
- 121 shy
The Defendant PIROT between 1928 end 1945 was
eronr ether Oitlons held- mbeesedor to the Union
or2ov1et Socialist Re~ubl1cs (19JO) Foreign
l~in1eter (Septenber 193) to July 1934) under Saito
end F-ro111 July 1934 to 1arch 1936 under Okede Pr1me
Unister and tor a tine Forei11n i-anitter concurrentli
Wsrch 19)6 to February 19J7) Foreign Jinister under
Yonoye (June 1937 toay 19J8) et1ber or tM
Cabinet middotdvisory C1uncll (1940)
Conrerences- 1012
lOliWO
The Derendent rcsrrrc between 1928 end 1945 bullas snonr other rositions h~ld- Chier General middotrrsirs
Puresu of the Finance Derartment ofbull the i-Snchukuo
Government (19J2) Chief or ~enersl middotrrairs in the
P1nsnce Inistry o anchulrno ( 1934) Vice anister
Finampnce in the ~middotencl ukuo ~cv~rnment ( 1936) Chier
renual ffairs uruu in tho ational middotrrampirs crric
or 1middotanchukuo ( December 1936) Chief of roneral
bullrreirs in lanctutuo (July 1938) =resident or the
Ilannnr Peard enc later 1n1ster without gtortfolio
under l~onoye ( July 1940 to rrll 1941) Chiampf
secretary and Iinieter or 3tate under TClC ( Cctcber
16th 1941 tc July 1944) dviser tc Finance inietrj
(December 1944)
Ccnfersncee- 1114
ITGH
The Defendant IT 11middotI botween 1928 end 1945 wes
- 122 shy
among other rositions heldbull full Colonel 1wentung
Jrm (1929) l~jor General i~wentung trny (1932)
Vice CUet of Steff Kwentung ~rllJbull ( 19J4) Coiunender
5th Division in ~hine (arch 1937) Chief of Steff
1wantune rmy (1936 to 1937) attached to Headquarshy
ters General Start (middotay 1937 ar lln1ster under
Yonoye end HI1~1lJ~ tror~ Jule 1938 to -UpoundUSt 1939
and concurrently resident of the Ianchuriari middotrra1rs
~ureau of the Cebinet Chief of Sterr Japanese middotrmy
in Chine (Se~tember 1939) full General (July 1941)
Commender epenese ray in Iarea (July 1941 to
1945) Uunber of ~upreme imiddoter Council (1943) Comshy
Jlllnder 7th middotrea middotrm in ltin~epore (pr11 1945)
Y The Defendant rmiddotvmiddot between 1928 anamiddot1945 was
among other positions held- yhiet Secretary Finance
Uinietry (1934) mnister of igtinence t June 1937 to
ray 1938) under Konoye on the middotdvieory Ccmmittee
China middottteire lloard (J9J9) resident North China
Developrient Company (19J9 to 1941) P-inence linister
under To-c ( June 1941 to February 1944l Director
IR gtS (1944)
Conferences- 11121314
ICIDO
the Defendant LIDO between 1928 end 1945 wee
among other positions bald- Chief Secretary to the
Lord hampeper of the Priv~ Seal (19JO) Education
Minister under Ionoye ( 1937) Velfare -iinister under
Yonoye (1938) Home Iinieter under hIR PUil 11939)
- 123 shy
Lord Keeper or the Privy Seel (1940middotto 1945) chief
oonfidentiel advisor to the Lmperor and presided et
meetinrs or Ex-rreciers
Conferences- 1012
KU~tR
The Defendant 1I1JR middot between 1928 and 1945 wu
eMon11 other CS1t1ons ~eld- Chief or Starr 1wantung
middotrmy ( 1940) Vice er linister under 1onoye ampnd TCJO
(1941 to lebruer- 1944) lirnber uprece er Council
(194)) Commflder in Chief Japanese rmy Burma
(1944) full General (1945)
YCISC
The Defendant KCISO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- Director lilitery
middot ffairs flureeu of tl6 iar linistry (19)0) Vice
War inister und-er Inukai ( 19)2) Chief or etaff
Ywantunr middotmiddotmiddotmy (19)2 to 1934) ColllilBnder Jenampnese
middotrcy Korea_ (19)5 to 19)6) a full General (19)7)
Overseas inister under BI l1 (19)9) end under
ona1 (1940) Governor General 1oree (Iay 1942)
rime l1nlstir ( uly 1914 to pril 194S)
~TSbullTI
The Defendant ~~TstI between 1928 and 1945 was
8llOilF other rosltions heldbull Re)resentetive of the
Japanese ~rmy at the Geneva Conference (19)1) 1lerober
of the upreme iar Council (arch 19))) a full
General (19JJ) a founder of the Greater ~est Asia
Society (19JJ) Commender-in-Chief Japanese forces
- 124 shy
in Centrel Chine (Cctober 1937 to February 1938)
Hember ot the Cabinet dvisory Council (July 1938
to Januari 1940) Adviser to the Asia Pronotion
FeGeration (1940) Aeviser to the rreeter East Asia
Affairs Section or the r~~J (1943) rresident or
the Creater East Asia Davelopient ~ociety (1944)
lllSTCYA
The Defendant middotrSTTCJAbetween 1928 end 1945
was erJOlF other Ositions held- cier Delegate to
the League or etions ~ssembly ( 1933) ~resident ot
the 1-outh lPnorurien =teilwer (19J5 to 1939) Hember
or the c~binet bulldvisory Council (1940) Foreign
linister middot under onoye ( July 1940 to July 1941)
author ot ~show Restcretion (1938) end other books
end articles and ~ublic speeches advocating aggresshy
sive warfare
Conferences- 12~346
rn~bull1t
The Defendant INt~ between 1928 end 1945 was
P~ong other ~ositions held- Commander Japanese
rm Korea I1929) Ver iniampter under bullTekatsulci
(l-ril 193_1 to Lecember 1931) 5uprame 1er Councillor
( 1931 to 1934) Coanender-in-Chief Kvantung rmy
( 1934 to 19J6) Governor Cenerl of 1oree ( 1936 to
1942) Jenber or tle rmiddotriv~ Council ( 1942 to 1945)
~resident or the l~liticel tssocietion of Greet
Taren (1945)
- 125 shy
tTO
The Defendant lUTO between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held- Instructor et the
ilitsry lttoff College (19)0 to 19)2) Senior Otticer
ot the rilitery ~ttairs Bureau of the Her inistry
(19)5 to 19)6) Chief ot a section ot the General
st111tt ( 1937) attached Headquarters Starr Central
China bullrmy (1Lgust 19)7) Colonel attached to
1wantung bullrmy Headquarters Ctlet ot the llilitsry
ftairs Eureau ( October 19)9 to pril 1942 l
colllllsnded 2nd Guards Division in Sumatra (194))
C~iet ot Steft or the 14th ree middotrmy in the rhilishy
ppines under Gener~l Ycmashite (October 1944)
Conferences- 12346911lJ
The Defendant 1rmiddotcmiddotn0 between 1928 end 1945 was
1mong other J)ositions held- Vice Chief Nevel
General 3teft (1930) Delegate to the Geneve Pavel
Conference ( 1931) Lember Supreme 1er Council ( 19JJ)
full dmirel (1934) Chief Delegate to London Naval
Conference (19)5) Navy 1inister under HIROT~ (Mer ch
1936 to February 19)7) _ Ccmmen~ar-in-Chiet ot
Conbined Fleet (19)7) Hember of Supreme er Council
(1940) Chiet of Navel General Steff (April 1941 to
February 1944) Supreme Yaval Adviser to the iLperor
tram February 1944
Conferences- l2J469lllJ
or~
The Defendant CFA between 1928 enG 1945 was
- 126 shy
BllOne other ~ositions held- on the Vevel Generil
Sterr (1930) section Cbie1 Generel end uilitery
Atteirs Pureau of tbe bullavy (1938) Cbie1 General
and llltery ftelrs Bureaux ot the lmiddotavy_ (October
1940 to August 1944) Vice Adlral ( 1942) Vice
Navy Hinster (20 July 1944) under 1crso Commandershy
1n-Cbie1 Ch1nka1- (Korea) tavel Stetlon (Septeriber
1944 to June 1945)
Conferences- 1234691113
The Defendant OKAVA between 1928 and 1945 was
eflong otner rositlons held- Director GeMtral of
the iest ~sis Research nstitute of the South
lenct-urien 1e1lwe rroll 1926 en orcsnizer of tte
ukden Incicent (Se-ptember 18th 1931) author of
t temiddotSnese Fistory Reeder (1935) enci 01 books
articles encl sreEeches advocatine aggressive war tormiddot
the expulsicn by force ot the wtit~ races from Asiamiddot
OSHD~
middotThe Jefendent C~~IM_ between 1928 end 194i 11es
llllong other rostlons held - ~llltery ttache in
Berlin (1936) tllbassedor tc ~ermeny (October 1938
to Octobe~ 1939) and egeln fron February 1941 to
rrril 1945
S 1TC
The Defendant SC b~tveen 1928 and 1945 was
among other Csitions held- Instructor rny Gonerel
Steff Colloga (1935) sttecbed to the ilitery middot-L middot
- 127 shy
bulltta1rs Bureau ot thfl Har ~1n1str~ enler or the
lenn1ng Poard (1937 to 19)8) Chief ot the 1111 tery
tta1rs Section ot the i111tery middottte1rs Auresu ot
themiddotrer r1n1stry (Februer3 1941 to middotpril 1942)
ISJor G6nerel (October 1941) Chiflt ot ilitary
tta1rs Pureau ot the tmiddoter 1n1stry ( pr11 1942 to
December 1944) Lieutenant Genpoundral (arch 1945)
the Defendant FGllITSU batveen 1928 and 1945
WEIS oiong other positions 1eld - l1nistEr to China
(1931) Vice lorolcn lnister under Saito and Cikede
(1933 to 19)6) cbessador to the Tnion ot 3ov1et
Socialist Relulillcs Wovemb6r 1936 to Nov61ilb6r 1938)
middotibessftor to t-re6t Britain ( 1938 to June 1941)
middotrebassedor to the 1-Tanltinr i_lrgtPet JovernnLnt (Decmb3r
1941 to Jril 1943) Foreitn inister under_ TOlO
( bullyr11 194) to July 1944) and Fordgn rinister and
concurrently linister for Greiter est sia under
KCI~O (July 1944 to hril 1945)
SHIWDA
The Detendent SRilJDA betveen 1928 nd 1945
was ar1ong other positions talC- Chier ot 5tatt
Combined Fleet (1930) Vice CMet revel General
Steft ( 1935 to 1937) Comlander of the econd Fleetmiddot
(December 19)7) COIJll8nder Chine Fleet (ay 1940)
full Admiral (1940) -ev_y inister under TClC (Cctoshy
ber 1941) appointed tc Su~reme middotmiddoter Cc=c1l (1944)
Chiet ot ravel General 3teft (February to July 1944)
Conferences- 12i314
bull 128 shy
SHIRATOR
The Defendant $IRAT0RI between 1928 and 1945
was eeong other positions held- Chief or Intorlll8shy
tion Bureau or the loreien Office ( 1930 h ~inister
to sweden orwar Denmark Finland (1936) Ambasbull
aador to Italy (1939) Adviser Japanese Foreign
Office (1940) author of an article in Conte~porary
Japan po1nt1ni_r out the necessity of a World Conflict
to establishmiddotthe llew Order in Asia (hpr11 le
1941) Director IR~Ps (1943)
suzmr
The Defendant SUZ~IYI between-1928 end 1945 was
among other middotpositions held- Lember of the middot111 tery
ffsirs Section or the War Iinistry middot(19Jl) attached
to the Bureau or ~litary ffairs of the ~er Departshy
ment (19J3) Official ot the Investigation Bureau
or the Cabinet (193S) Regimental Col11118nder of the
14th Regiment (1936) Chiefmiddot or the Political Affairs
Division or the Chine ~fairs Poard (December 19J8
to lpril 1941) actill8 Director General thereof
in 1940 middotrreeid~nt ot the Cabinet Planning Board
end Iinieter without orttolio (pr11 1941 to
Cctober 1943) under Konoye and T0ir Cabinet dviser
(Noveriber 1943 to Se~tember 1944) Director or the
IR 1bullbull t (1944)
Conrerances- 689111314
TOGO
The Defendant TOGO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- i~beesedor to (eroany
bull 129
(October 1937) Ambassador to tlll Obion ot Soviet
Socialist Republics (October 1938) Foreign Minister
and Minister for overseas Affairs under TOJO (October
1941 to )larch 1942) Foreign Xinist er and Kini st er
or Greater East Asia WJier SUZUKI (April 1945)
Conterences1- 11121314
TOJ01
The Detendlllt TOJO betireen 1928 ani 1945 was
among Other pos1tions held- Head ot the First
Section or the General Start (1931 to 1932) Chiet
or the Investigation Section or the Am7 Communica-
tions School (1932) Col11111ll1der or the Xilitar7
Police or the Kwantung Ann7 (1935) Chief or Starr
Kwantung Arrrrr (1937) Vice War Minister under
Konoye (Xay to Decenber 1938) Director General or
111litary Aviation (1938 to 1939) far llinb ter umer
Konoye (Julr 1940 to Decelligter 1941) tull General
(October 1940) Prime Ministerand war Minister
concurrentlr (December 2 1941 to Julr 1944) shy
during which period he was also at tirnea Rome
K1n1ster Minister or Jlunitlona and Chier or
General Starr
Conterences1bulll23456S9ll121314
UKEZUI
The Defendant UIIEZU between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held1- Chier or the General
Affairs Depart~~t ot thll War K1n1strr (1931)
Commander of the Japanese Forces 1n China (1934)
Vice war J1n1ster under HIROT Barash and Xonore
(Karch 1936 to Mar 1938) Comnanter of the Kwan tung
Armr and Ambassador to Manchukuo (1939 to 1944)
tull General (1940) Chief or General start (Jul7
1944 to 1945)
bullbull 11011bull 150 shy
- ANNEXES
-
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
-
- A-1 THE POTSDAM DECLARATION
- A-1-a JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-b REPLY BY SECRETARY OF STATE TO JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-c FINAL JAPANESE ACCEPTANCE
- A-2 INSTRUMENT OF SURRENDER
- A-3 MOSCOW CONFERENCE AGREEMET
- A-4 SPECIAL PROCLAMATION ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-5 CHARTER OF THE INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-6 INDICTMENT
-
- GROUP ONE CRIMES AGAINST PEACE
-
- Count 1
- Count 2
- Count 3
- Count 4
- Count 5
- Count 6
- Count 7
- Count 8
- Count 9
- Count 10
- Count 11
- Count 12
- Count 13
- Count 14
- Count 15
- Count 16
- Count 17
- Count 18
- Count 19
- Count 20
- Count 21
- Count 22
- Count 23
- Count 24
- Count 25
- Count 26
- Count 27
- Count 28
- Count 29
- Count 30
- Count 31
- Count 32
- Count 33
- Count 34
- Count 35
- Count 36
-
- GROUP TWO MURDER
-
- Count 37
- Count 38
- Count 39
- Count 40
- Count 41
- Count 42
- Count 43
- Count 44
- Count 45
- Count 46
- Count 47
- Count 48
- Count 49
- Count 50
- Count 51
- Count 52
-
- GROUP THREE CONVENTIONAL WAR CRIMES AND CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY
-
- Count 53
- Count 54
- Count 55
-
- APPENDICES
-
- APPENDIX A SUMMARIZED PARTICULARS
-
- SECTION 1 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN MANCHURIA
- SECTION 2 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN THE REST OF CHINA
- SECTION 3 ECONOMIC AGGRESSION IN CHINA AND GREATER EAST ASIA
- SECTION 4 METHODS OF CORRUPTION AND COERCION IN CHINA AND OTHER OCCUPIED TERRITORIES
- SECTION 5 GENERAL PREPARATION FOR WAR
- SECTION 6 THE ORGANIZATION OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FOR WAR
- SECTION 7 COLLABORATION BETWEEN JAPAN GERMANY AND ITALY AGGRESSION AGAINST FRENCH INDO-CHINA AND THAILAND
- SECTION 8 AGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION
- SECTION 9 JAPAN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA THE COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILLIPPINES AND THE BRITISH COMMONWEALTH OF NATIONS
- SECTION 10 JAPAN THE KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS AND THE REPUBLIC OF PORTUGAL
-
- APPENDIX B LIST OF ARTICLES OF TREATIES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUO ONE AND TWO
- APPENDIX C LIST OF OFFICIAL ASSURANCES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUP ONE
- APPENDIX D INCORPORATED IN GROUP THREE
- APPENDIX E STATEMENT OF INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR CRIMES SET OUT IN THE INDICTMENT
-
surrender terns necessary to ccrry out tho proshy
visions ot the ctsdan r~cleretion and shell issue
his couiands to ell tte ~aanesa llilitcr- mvcl
end eir authorities en~ to ell the forces under
th~ir control whoravor locrtod to cease octiva
opcrctions rnd to surrender their trns cnd to
issue suet- otter orders ts tte 3urrelle Cor1itndor
n y relulre to -ltive effect to the surrender terms
Ifll~dietelmiddot unon the surrsnder tho Jarenese
Governnent shell trcnsort rtscners of Vii r end
clvilim int ornees to pleces of s foty cs directd
whera thQ~ cen quickly bb plLced cboerd Allied
trrnsrorts
ThG ultiwt forr1 of eovernnont of Jcpcn
sh~ll in occcrdtnce with the ~otsdcm Decl~rrtion
be cstablisbcd by the freely cxrressed ~111 of tho
Jcpampnesa ~~oplc
Th rr1Gd forces of the Allied iowers will
re r-ln in s--n until the bullurroros set forth in the
otsd~ll declerr tion ore 1middotchlcved
Acccrt Sir the ronewad rssuronces of ry
highest consider~tion
r middotox r-rnssli Ctrge d Jffioires fd Interpound of
Switzcrlnd
- 8 shy
1JU1EX NO 1-1-c
JUDGIENT
INTERNJTIONL MILITARY TRIBUNiL FOR TEE FJR EAST
FINbL JbPIJESE ACCEPTANCE
LBGATION DE SUISSE bullwASHINGTON DC
Aurust 14 1945
Sir1
I have the h~nlr to refer to ylur note of
Aurust 11 in which you requested me to trcnsmit to
oy Government the re~ly ~f the Govcr=nts lf the
United st~tes the United Kinrdom the Union or
Slviet Slcialist Rc~ublics end Chine to the ressape
frlm the Jcpcneso a~vcrnoent which wcs com~unicntcd
in my n~te of August 10
lt 2010 todoy (Swiss Tine) the Jnpcnese
Minister to Switzcrlcnd conveyed the followiflishy
written strtclient to the Swiss Govcrnoent for trrnsshy
1issiln to the four Allied Glvnnmcnts1
Comtiunicrtion of the J~rrnesc Governnent
of Aurust 14 1945 cddressed to the Governoents
of the Unitcd Stetes Greet Britain the Slviet
Union ~nd Chinas 1171th reference to the Jcprnesc Governshy
rpound n11s hote lf 1uust 10 tqrardinl thE ir
nccer~cnce ~r the ~rovisi~ns of the Potsdam
Dcclorrtiln ~na the reply lf the Governments
f the United St~tcs Great Britain tho
Swi1ot Union l)nc Chini srnt by Jrnericn Sccreshy
t~ry f st~tc Zyrncs under the date of AUJUSt 11
- 9 shy
the J~pcnese Governricnt h~vc tho honor to cocshy
nunictc to the rovernnents of the four powers
rs follows
l Fis l~jcsty the ErrEgtror h-s iesued
rn nnerhl rescri~t rcfrrdine- Jprn s ccccptshy
nca of the nrovsions of thamp Potsd2c Daclcrcshy
tion
2 Fis Lr Jc sty the Jmperor is prcprrtid
to ~middotuthorize ~nd cnsur the signtture by his
Gcverrwunt cnd the Imperil-I Gcnerrl Herdqucrters
of the necessmiddot ry terris for crrry1ng out the
provisions of the fotsdc Deel rr tion Eis
r jesty is bull lso repf red to issue his coonrmiddotnds
to r-11 the nilitrry nmiddotvcl rnd middotir uthorities
of Jltpn degnd ell th forces uncicr thtiir control
vherever loc tcd to cs~ se ctive opertions to
surrender -rllS rnd to issue such other orders
s rny b required b the 5urrma Conrl nder of
the lli(d Feroes for th~ execution of th
bull bove-ncntioncd tcrls
1capt lr th- r~newtd rssurrnces of my
hiFhest consictertion
Grrssli Chrrge d middotrrires middotrd interim
of SWitzerlr nd
1r ~x Grssli Chmiddot rge abull rr~ ires middot d InteriL~ or
3yeni tzerlr nd
- 10 shy
A~TJIl TC J -2
JlJDG E-T
HTmmiddotmICITAL )III~RY TRIBUNtL FCR TH FAR EAST
e acting b command of and in behalf of the
ELlperor cf Jaran the Japanese ~overnment en~ the
Ja~anese Imperial General Feadouarters hereby
accept the provisions set forth in the declaretioc
issued by the heads or the Governments of the TTnited
States C ine end Great flritain on 26 July 1945 at
rotsdeo and subsequently adhered to b) the Union
of Soviet Socialist Re~ublics which four powers
ere hereafter referred to as the Allied ~ewers
e hereby proclain the unconditional surrender
to tte Jllied rowers of the Jarenese Imperial General
Heacq_uarters end of all anenese armed forces and
ell arMed forces under Jaanese control wherever
situated
e hereby collllend all Japanese foroes wherever
situated and the Je~epese people to cease hostilities
forthwith t(l preserve enc save fror- daoate ell
ships Eircreft and Eilitery ahd civil property
end to ccMply with all requirecents which may be
irroosed bmiddot the Supreme Cotlllenltler for the Allied
Powers or by agencies of the Jaranese Government at
his direction
middote hereby collllanc the Japanese rr~erial General
Peodquarters to issue at once orders to the Comshy
manders of ell Jaenese forces end all forces under
- 11 shy
middotJaanese control vherever situated to surrender
unconditionslly themselves and all forces under
their control
e hereby corllland all civil military end naval
officials to obey end enforce all proclsmetions
orders end directives deerued by the Supreme Comshy
mender for the Allied ~ewers to be proper to
effectuate this surrender end issued bmiddot hio or under
his authority and~~ direct all such officials to
re~~in at their posts end to continue to perform
their non-combatant duties unless specifically
relieved by hi1 er under his author ty
middotmiddote hereby undertaYe for the ELperor the
JaTienese Government end their successors to carry
out the provisions of the otsdan Declaration in
~cod feith end to issue whatever orders and teke
whatever action nay be rerured bl the Suprene
Corllonder for tte Allied rowers or by ony other
designated rspres~ntative of the tllied ~ewers for
tlie ~-urose or riving effect to that Decl1ration
e hcrebi corlland the Japenese Inerial
rovernrent ond the Japanese ImTierial General headshy
quarters et once to liberate all allied prisoners
of Mr end civilisn internees now under Japanese
control end to provide for their ~rotection cere
lillintenence and illllediete trans)ortrtion to places
es directed
~he euthority of ths m~eror and the Japanese
Government to rule the state shall be subject to
th~ 8upreme Colllllcnder for ths Allied Powers who will
tike auch steps as he deems proper to effectuate
- 12 shy
these terms or surrender
51gned et TokO Bsmiddot Janen at 0904 on the
Second dry of September 1945
By Command find In b6 alf of the Emnoror of Japan end the Jepanese Gov3rnment
Ycshirro Umezully Cornrnd endn behe lf of the JAFtnese lnperitl Genersl Hecduerters
fcCftod ct Tytyo E~ Te pan Et 0908 on the
~eccnd dry of lt1ertairbor 1945 for the ttnited Stctes
Reublio of Chine United fingdoP1 rnd the Union of
Soviet kci~list Republics e-nd in the interests of
the other Tnited Nrtions rt lier with Jopcn
C l NiMit z Unlted St~tes Representtive
Hsu Yung-ChFnll
Bruce Fr-ser United Kinqcon JepresentEtive
lieuten~nt renerrl K Derevyrnko Union of ~ovlet Soolrllst RepublicsRepresent~tive
T bull Blrmy Corimiddotcnwer-lth of fustrlic RepreBEnhtive
I bull toore Cos lr ne DoMinlcn cf eenfdf lepresentctrve
le Chrc ~rovl~icnsl Gov~rnment of the French Republic qerrescnt~tive
- lJ shy
C ~ 1 Helfrich flngdom of the ~c~hcrlmiddotncs Reprsent~tive
Ltonmiddotrd middot Isittmiddot Doninion of Pew Zcmiddotlmiddotnd Rcnrcsentctive
~ccptin the terms set forth in tho De~l r shy
tion issued br the heds of the Goverll1lcnts of the
1Jni tcd st tes Grert Eritcin ind Lhin on July 26
1945 r-t otsdru nd subsequently ~dhered to by the
Union of ~oviet Soci list Re~ublics I hva commnde4
the lmiddot J nose Irperil Governm-nt ~nd the J1p~ nese
lllperi l Gener~ 1 He dqu~rter13 to sign on my behlf
the instrument of surrender presented by the Supreme
ColDlmiddot nder for the llied owsrs 7nd to issue Generfl
Orders to the lil1trry bullnd IIbullvbulll forces in cccordrnclt
with the direction of the Supr5lilC Comm ndw- for the
llied Fowers I co=rnd rll my people forthwith to
cerse hostilities to lbully down their irms nd fbullithshy
fullr to c~rry out middot11 the provisions of the instrushy
rent of surrcndor middotnd th Generrl Orders issued by
the ry~ nese Im~erirl C-encrbull 1 lier dqu~ rters thereunde
- 14 shy
JNNEX NO J-3
JUDGMENT
INTLRNATIONAL MILITRY TRIBUNJ FOR THE FAR EA-
MOSCOV CONFERENCE AGREE-ENT
The Forei rn Ministers of the Union If Soviet
Scicl1st Republics the United Kinrdom and ~e United Stetes of ncricn met in Moscow frrr December
16 to December 26 1945 in ncc0rd with the
decision of the Crimea Conference poundOnf1rmed nt t~
Berlin C0nference thet there shuld be er ind ic conshy
sultnt11ll between them At the meetinfs of the 3
Foreign Ministers discussions took plnce on nn
informnl nnd erlorntory bnsis r-nd crrecmrnt wns
renched on the follow1np questions bull
bullbullibullbull
i The Supreme Commnltkr shdl 1ssuc nll
Orders for the inplmiddotmcntati ln of the Terms of
SurrendEr the Occupatigtns end control of J~)~n
nnd Dirc-ctives supplercmiddotntnry thereto In middotoll cases
action will be cnrricd cgtut uncer me throurh the
Supreme Commender who is the s0le Excmiddotcutive ruth0rity
for the Allied Povers in Joprn He 1ill consult nnd
id vise vii th the Council in ndvnnce of thc is sunnce
gtf Orders on mnttcrs of substance the rxirencies
of the situation permittinr his decisions upon
these octtcrs shall be controllinr
middot
- 15 shy
mrtJC T( -4
Jl JYl TJ-1T
=rcr middotr ircr middotmiddotmiddotmiddot1rr~r
JTltlISP~T ( 11 1 TCI IIIT1Y TRI~UNL
FOR CU~ FR ~ST
ViHlES the United Ltetes end the Netions
allied therewith in orposing the illegal wars of
aggression of the middotxis fJetions have froll time to
tine made declarations cf their intentions that
war crininals should be brought to justice
17 middot the Governnents of the middot111ed -ewers
et war with Japan en the 26th July 1945 at ~otsdam
declared as one of the terns of surrender that
middotstern Sustice shall be meted out to all Yer crimshy
inals including those who hove visited cruelties
upon our ~risoners
F~ middot b~middot the Instrument of Surrender of
Tenen eirecuted et ollt~middoto lay Jaran on the 2nd
lterter1er 1945 the signatories for Tapan by
colnllenc of and n behalf of the un~a~or enc the
re~anese Government accented the terms set forth
in such Declaration at otsddm
FE1 middot by such Instrument of Surrender the
authority of tle Srnperor and the Ja~ anese Government
to rule the etate of middotr_aen is made subject to the
Suprene Cv~bullbuller for the bull-llied owers who is
suthorized to take such steps as he deems proper
tc- effectuate the terms of surrender
- 16 shy
HEREbull 5 the undersigned has been designated by
the lied overs as Suprelle Colltander for the
llied ~obullers to carry into effect the general
surrender of the Japanese arned forces
middotmiddot~middot S the Governments of the United States
Great lri tain -nd russia at the middotoscoy Conference
26th Decer1ber 1945 having considcrei the effectushy
ation by Jaan of the Teris of surrender with tte
concurrence of China have agreed thet the Supreme
ColMander shall issue all Crders for the implamenshy
tetion of the Terns ot Surrender
rC1middot11 THffSFORl I Douglas Hae rthur BS
Supreme Co~mender for the llied rowers by virtue
of the authority so conferred upon ne in order to
imlement the Term of Surrender which requires the
meting out of stern justice to war criminals do
order and provide as follows
RTICl~ 1 There shall be established en
International 1-ilitery Tribunal for the Far est
for the trial of those persons charged individually
o~ es members of oranizations or in both capacishy
ties yith Qffenses which include crimes against
peace
middotR~ICI~ 2 The Constitution jurisdiction and
functions of this Tribunal are those set forth in
the Ghnter of the International lilitiry Tribunal
for thpound ~er Vest a~~roved by mo this day
middot~~JCI~middot3 Nothing in this Order shell
prejudice theJurisdiction of any other internatione
netlonel or occuretion court conriission or other
tribunal established or to be established in Japan
bull 17
or in any territory or a United Nation with Which
Jann has been at war for the trial or war
criminols
Given under my hand et Tokyo this 19th dey
of January 1946
be bullt Iso RTHUR Gontrol of the rmy United State$ rmySupreme Commender for the llied Powers
bull
- 18 shy
ArJllEX NO bull A-5
JODGMBIU
CHARTER
OF THE HJJill~ATICNH lILITARY TRIBUNAL FCR T~o FPR EAST
SECTICI~ I
COSITlJICN CF TRIBU1~~L
ARTICIE 1 middotTribunal Established The Intershy
national Yilitary Tribunal for the Far East is hereshy
by established for the just ano prompt trial and
punishment of the major war criminals in the Far
East The permanent seat of the Tribunal is in
Tokyo
4ITIC1E 2 embers The Tribunal ehall c 0
onsistmiddot
of not less than six ne~bers ruir ncre than eleven
members appointed by the Supreme Commander for the
Allied ~ewers from the names submitted by the Signashy
tories to the Instrument of qurrender India and
Phe Commonwealth of the Philippines
AlTICLE 3 Officers and Secretariat
a President The Supreme Commander for
the lllied Powers Shall appoint a Member to be
President of the Tribunal
b Secretariat
(1) The Secretariat ot the Tribunal
shall be composed o~ a General
Secretary to be appointed by the
Supreme Commander tor tle llied
Powers end such assistant seersshy
bull 19 bull
tariee clerks interpreters erd
other personnel as may be necesshy
sary
(2) The General Secretary shall organshy
ize and direct the work of the
Secretariat
()) The Secreteriet shell receive ell
documents addressed to the
Tribunal maintain the records or
the Tribunal provide necessary
clerical services to the Tribunal
end its members and perform such
other duties as may be designated
by the Tribunal
JRTICL 4 Convening and uorum Votinl1 1 and
bsence
a Convening and luorum When as many as
six members or the Tribunal are present they may
convene the Tribunal in formel session The
presence ore majority or ell members shall be
necessary to constitute e quorum
b Voting All decisions end judgments
of this ~rlbunel including convictions an~ sentenshy
ces shall be by a maJorit7 vote or those members
or the Tribunal present rn case the votes are
evenly divided the vote or the ~resident shall be
decisive
c Abseaoe Ir a member et any time is
absent a~d afterwards ls able to be ~resent he
shall take part in ell subsequent proceeding~
unless he declares 1n open court that he is disbull
- 20 bull
quelitied by reeson of insutticient middottsriiliarity with
the proceedings which took place in his absence
SllCJICN II
Jll~ISDICTINT HD Gll1-~AL ~OVISIOTS
ltRTICIE 5 Jurisdiction Cver ersons end
Offenses The ~r1bunel shall heve the power to try
and runis~ Fer e~tern wer cri~inals who es indivshy
iduals or as members of orranizetions ere charged
with offenses which Lclude Criries against Peace
Tbeefol_lovinr acts or eny of them are crimes
coni~e within the jurisdiction of the ~ribunel for
which there shall be individual responsibility
a Criries against Peace Namely the
planning ~reparation ni_iation or waging of a
declereo or undeclared var of aggression or a war
in violation of intern~tionul lew trerties agreeshy
ments or ossurpoundnces or perticipction in o common
plr n or cc nspirr cy for the occon91iehment of lny of
the foregoing
6 Conventionel ~r ~rires Nenely
vioLtions ot the lrws or custocs of wer
c CriJ11es rrrinst -uw nity Nrmely
curdor extcrmintion enslvcment deportrtion
nd other inhum-ne ~cts committed before or during
the w~r or pereeoutions on politicrl or rtciEl
grounds in execution ot or in connection with my
crime ~ithin the urisdiction of the Tribunrl
whether er not in violbulltion of the domestic 1w of
the country -here perp1tr( ted Le~dcrs orgnizers
lnstig~tors middot nd rccomplices prrticipbull ting in the
- 21 shy
tormuletion or executiomiddotn of a common plan or conshy
spiracy to commit any otmiddotthe foregoing crimes ere
responsible tor eil acts performed by any person
in execution or such plan
RTICL~ 6 Responsibility of Accuse~ Neither
the official position at any time of en ecc~sed 1 nor the feet that an accused acted pursuant to order
of his government or ot a superior shall of itself
be sutficient to free such accused from responsibil shy
ity tor any crime with whi~b he is charged but euch
circumstances may be considered in mitigation of ___
punishment it the Tribunal determines that jus~ioe
so requires
ARTICLE 7 Rules of Procedure The Tribunal
may draft and amend rules of procedure consistent
with the fundamental provisions of this Charter
AR~TCLE 8 Counsel
e Chief of middotcounsel The Chief of Counsel
desieneted by the Supreme Commender tor the Allie4
Powers is responsible for the investigation end
prosecution of charges against war criminals within
the jurisdictionmiddot of this Tribunal and will render
sue~ legal assistance to the Supreme Commander es
is appropriate
b Associate Counsel Any United Netion
with which Japan has been et war may appoint en
~ssociate Counsel to assist the Chief of ~ouneel
SECTICN III
FAIR TRIAL FO~ ACCUSED
ARTICLE 9 Procedure for Feit Trial In order
- 22 shy
t~ nsure fair trial fo~ the accused the following
procedure stell be followed
a Indictment The indictment shell
consist of a plein concise and adequate statement
of each offense charged Each accused shall be
furnished in adequate time for defense a copy of
the indictment including ~ny amendment end of this
Charter in a larguage understood by the accused
b Language The trial and related proshy
ceedings shell be conducted in Eglish and in the
laniuage of the accused Translations of documents
and other papers shall be provided as needed and
requested
c Couns~l for Accused taph accused
shall have the right to be represented by counsel
of his own selection subject to the disapproval
of such counsel at any tifle by the Tribunal The
eccused shall file with the General Secretrry of
the ~ribunal the name of his counsel If an accused
is not represented by counsel and in open court
requests tJe Blbullpointment of counsel the Tribunal
shall designate counsel for him In the absence
of such request the Tribunampl may appoint counsel
for an accused if in its judgment such appointment
is necessery to provide fer a fair trial
d Evidence for Defense An accused
shall have the right through himself or throurmiddoth
his counsel (but not through both) to conduct his defense inclbulliding the right to examine any witness
subject to such reasonable restrictions as the
Tribunal may deterMine
- 23 shy
e Production of ~vidence for the
Defense An accused may ap~ly in writing to the
Tribunal formiddot the Tgtroduction rf witnesses or of
documents The anplication shall state where the
witness or document is thou~ht to be looated It
shall also state the facts nroposed to be proved
by the witness or the document and the relevancy
of such facts to the defense If the ~ritunal
grants the a~plication the Tribunal shall be given
such al d in obtaining nroduction of the evidencemiddot
as the circumstances reouire
ARTICLE 10 Applicetions end Hotions before
Trial All motions epplicatioqs or other requests
addressed to the Tribunal prior to the commencement
of trial shall be made in writing end filed with
the General Secretary of the Tribunal for action
by the Tribunal
S11CTICN IV
J(1RS 0F JRIBTPI ~~D COTDTTCT CF TRIAL
AR~ICLll 11 ~ The Tribunal shall have
the newer
a To summon witnesses to the trial to
require ther to attend and testify and to question
them
b To interrogate each accused and to
~ermit comment on his refusal to answer any question
o To require the production of documents
end other evidentiary material
d To require of each witness ampn oath
affirmation or such declaration ea is customary in
- 24 shy
the country of the witness end to adminiter oaths
e To appoint officers for the carrying
out of any task designated by the lribunal includshy
lng the Ower to Jave evidence taken on corunissicn
AR~ICIE 12 Conduct of Trial The mribunel
shall
a Confine the trial strictly to en
expeditious hearin of the issues raised by the
charges
b Take strict measures tQ prevent en7
action which would cause any unreasonable delay and
rule out irrelevant issues end statements of any
kind whatsoever
c ~rovide for the maintenance of order
at the trial end deal summarily with any contumacy
imposing eppropriete runishment including exclushn
of any accused or ~is cou~sel f~om some or all
further proceedings but without rrejudice to the
deterninPtion of the charges
d Dctcrminamp the mental snd physicel
ccp9city cf en7 accused to riroceed to trial
f8J1E 13 ~vidcnce
e Adgt1issibilitv The Tribunal shell not
be bound bv techniccl rules of evidence It shall
rdopt ~nd ~ply to the gre~test possible extent
expeditious end non-trchnic1 procedure middotnd shr11
dmit ~ny evidence which it deems to hve proktive
vrlue All rur1orted dmissions or stctemcnts of middot
the Cousod re cimissible
b RelGv~ nee Th Tri bun_l m7 r_oquire
to be informed of tho m turc of - ny evidence before
- 25 shy
1t is otteredmiddot-111 order to rule ut1on the relev1 rice
c Specific evidence Pdclssible In
prrticulir ~r~ without limiting in middotny wmiddotmiddoty the
scope ot tbe foreroing gonerrl rules the tolhwing
ovidonce m~y be rdmittcd
(1) A document rcgbullmiddotrdlcss of its
security cl~ssitic~tion nd
without root of its issumiddotnce or
sign~ture which l6~rs to th
Tribunrl to h~ve beonsigntd or
issued by bullny officer dop rtraent
ltgcncy or mtnbcr of thi bullrmed
forces ot rny goverruncnt
(2) A -lt~middott t cl pc(rs to the
Tribun-1 to hrvo bean signed or
issued by tho InternPtiondegl Rod
Cross or r member thcreot or
by r doctor of medicino or n7
medicrl sGrvice personnel or by
rn investlg-tor or intollige~co
officer or by ~ny other person
who middotppers to the Tribunrl to
hrvc nersonPl knowledge ot tha
llltters continod in tho r port
J) An eftidavit deposition or other
signed statement
(4) A diary letter or other document
including sworn or unsworu steteshy
ments-which appear to the Tribushy
nal to contain inforlll8tion relat shy
ing to the chmiddotarge
- 26 shy
(5) A copy of e document of lther
seclnch1ry Evidence lr its contents
if the oripin~l is not immediately
nvPileble
d JudiciPl Not~ce The Tribunal shall
neither require prof of rccts or common knewledpe
nor or the authenticity of ~rricial ~~vernment
~ocuocnts and reports or rny nation or or the proshy
cecdins records end findinrs or militnrymiddot or other
arencies or rny er the United Nations
e Records Exhibits llld Documents The
transcript or the procecdinps rnd exhibits end
documents submitted to theTribun~l will be filed
with the General Stcretary ormiddotthc Tribunal end will
constitute plrt or the Record
RTICLE 14 PlPee or Triel The first trial
will be held at Tokyo end eny subsequent tria~s
~111 be held et such rleces a$ the Tribunnl decides bull
poundIlTICLE 15 Course of Trial Proceedings The
-proceedinfs et tho Trial will take the fcllowing
C1JUISel
a The indictoent will be read in court
unless the roadinf is waived by all accused
b The Tribunalmiddot will ask each accused-
llhothtr he pleads ruilty er not ruilty
c The prosecution and each accused (by
counsel only 1 represented) ~ay ~ake a cmcise
opining stotencnt
d The prosecution ond defense may ofter
evidence nnd the admissibility or the same shall be
dpoundtermined by the Tribune~
- 27 shy
e The rrosecution end each accused bf
coun~el only if represented) JTl8Y examine each
witness and each accused who elves testimony
r ccused (by counsel only if represhy
sented) MSY address the Tribunal
g Tho prosecution may address the
Tribunal
h The Tribunal will deliver Judgment
and pronounce sentence
SECTICm V
JUOOI1INT ~TD 3a~~CE
RTICLE 16 Penolty Tho Tribunal shall have
the ower to im2ose upon an accused on conviction
death or such other ~unisrunent as shall be detershy
runod by it to be just
RTICI~ 17 Judgment end Review The Judgment
willmiddotbo onnounced in open court end will give the
reesons on which it is based The r~cord of the
triampl will be transmitt~d directly to the Supreme
Collllander for tho llied ewers for his action_
Sentence will be carried out in accordance with the
Order 9f the Supreme Commender for the llie_d Powqe
who mBy et ony time reduce or otherwise elter the
sentence except to increase ts severity bull
By comm1cnd or GenErl UooRTliUR
RICH1RD J MiREHLL llljor GEnerrl General-Steff cmiddotorpe
Chief of Steff
OFFICIL
s Bl Fitch B l FITCH
Brigrdior Cenorel 1 GD middot djutrnt General
28 bull
ANNEX NO A-6
JUDGMENT
WTIWATirNAL mIITAtv TRIBUNAL FOR THE PAR EAST
INDICT1NT
THf llTTlD STNJES CF AERICA TtE REPUBLIC OF CHINA
THE T~TIID YINGDO CF qEftT BRITAnr AND UCRTHERN
I~EI~D Tl-TE rmrorr CF SOVIET fCCIAUST R)lPT1J3LICS~
TFli COl~C1llUTF OF ~USTRAUA CArADA THE REgtUBLIC
OF fRAlTCE ii KIYGDrl 01 THE NETHERLAlDS NEW
ZlALAm nDI A AND Tl-~ COlJONWEALllI CF liE
PFILirgtn~s
bullAGAINST shy
A~AKI Sedao DCFIARA Kenji liASHDlOTC _Kingoro
FfTA Sunroku FIRANUMA K11chiro HIROTA Koki
HCSRnro Naciki ITGAKIbull Seishiro l7AYA Okinori
KIDO Koichi KDURA Eeitaro rcrsc Kuniaki
~~fTST1I _Iwene lATSTJCPA Yosuke MDTflI middot Jiro
HOTO llkire NAGAPO Osemi CKA Takasumi OKllllA
Shume1 OJlnfA Hiroshi S-TO Ienryo ffiIGlITSU
Memoru SPnrnA Shiretaro SP-IRATORI Tosh1o
~TZJ~I Teiichi TrGC Shigenori TCJO Hideki
UEZU Yoshijiro
Defendants
INDICJ1Ell
In the years hereinafter refe~red to in thie
Indictment the internal and foreign policies middotor JapaL
were dominated ane directed by a cr~inal militarshy
istic clique and such policies were the cause of
serious world troubles aggressive wars end great
- 29 shy
damage to the interests of reace-loving peoples es
well as the interests of the 1apanese peo1e themshy
selves
~he ampind of the Jananese people wes systematicshy
ally poisoned with harmful ideas of the alleged
raciel superiority of ~aran over other peopls of
Asia and even of the whole world Such parllamentarl
institutions es existed in Japan were used as impleshy
ments for widespread aggression and a system similat
to those tren established by Hitler and the Nazi
party in Germany and by the Faicst party in Italy
was introduced The economic and financial resourtef
of lapan were tc a large extent riobillzed for war
a lJiis to the detrinent of the velfare of the Japanespound
pao~le
A conspiracy between the defencants joined in
br the rulers of othr aggressive countries naLely
Tazi Germany anc Fascist Italy as entered into
The rmiddotain objects of tis consiiracy vmiddotas to secure
the dominetion and exrloltation br the aggressive
States of the rest of tte world end to this end
to collllit or encourage the co~mission of crires
against peace war crimes end criries against humanshy
ity as defined in the Charter of this Tribunal thus
threatening end in~uring the basic principles of
liberty end respect fer the hunen personality
In the _rrorotion end accor1plishment of that
achene t~ese defendants taking advantege of their
power and their official positions and their own
personal ~restige and influence intended to and
did plan prepare initiate er vege aggressive ver
- JObull
against the United States of America the Republic
of China the United Kingdoll of Great Pimiddotaain ampnd
trorthern Irelend the 1Tnion of Soviet 50cialist
Republics the Cort1rtonwea 1th of Australia Canada
the Renublc of France the Yingcom of tre Nethershy
lends Pew Zealenc India tte CoJ11onwea 1th of the
Philippines end other reaceful nations in vioetion
of international law es well as in violetion ol
sacred treat- cotJni tme_nts obligetlons and assurshy
ances such plan ccnteu~leted end carried out th~
vibhtion of recognized custoras end conventions of
war b murder in~ niaiming anlt ill-treating prisoners
of war civilian internees end persons OL the high
sees denyine theM edequate food shelter clothing
medicsmiddotl cere or other alrroprifte attention
forcing them to labour under inhwane conditions
end subjecting thera to indignities exploit to
Japans benefit the llenpower snd economic resources
of the vanquished netions plundering public end
private ))ropert1- wantonly destroying cit tms
end villPges beyond eny justification of m1~~tery
neceesity nerretrate mess murder rape pillege
brigEndage torture ampnd other barbaric cruelties
uron the helpless civiliun populetion of the overshy
run countries increampse tre influence and control
of the- mil1t1Jr nnd navel grours over Jepcnese
government offic lels Fnd egencies psyl)hologicelly
prepare Japan-se public opinion for argressive warshy
fare by establishing so-celled ~ssistcnce Societies
teaching netionelistic policies of expansion disshy
seminetinr w~r proprgende end exercising strict
- Jl shy
control over the press rnd redio set up puppet
governuents in conuered countries conclude rlilit-ry
aliicnces with Germn~middot rnd Itrl to enhnce by
military 1ight Jfnrn s progrtrime of expansion
Therefore the cbove nr-ned N2ticns ty their
undersicned representntives ~uly cppoi~ted to
renresent their respective Gover=ents in the invesshy
tigction of the chorges cgcinst end the prosecution
of the middotIe-jor We r Criminrls iiursuent to the Potsdm
Decl~rton of the 20th Jul 1945 end the Instrushy
ment of Surr-rnder of thE 2nd Septerober 1945 0nd
the Chrrter of the Tri bun 1 hereby 0 ccuse cs guilty
in the respects hsrein~fter set forth of Crimes
igcinst Oeece 1rr Grines rmiddotnd Criries gninst wn1mshy
ity ond of rommon Pl1-bullns or Conspircies to collJlit
these Crimes 211 cs defined in the Ch~rter of the
Tribuml end rccordingly n~me rs Defendnts in this
cruse end cs indicted on the Counts hersin1middotfter set
out in which their n-middotns respectively qipe( r ~11
the [bove-n_med individurls
GRCUP NI CRI89 AGAIST FE CE
The following counts charge Crimes against
Feece being Pcts for which it is charged that the
persons naned and each of trem are indivi~ually
resnonsible in accordance with Article 5 and particshy
ularly frticle 5(a) and (b) of the Charter of the
International ilitary Tribunal for the Far East
and in accordance with International Law or either
of them
- J2 bull
CotTNI 1
P11 the DefendMts together ~1th divers other
persons between the let January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
Axecution of a common rlan or conspirac~ and are
resnonsible for all acts performed by themselves
or br anr )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such ~lan or ccnsniraci was that
Japan should secure the military naval poll ti cal
and economic dorinetion of East bullsia and of the
Pacific and Inaian Oceans and of all countries and
islands therein end bordering thereon and for that
nurpose slould alone or in combination with other
ccuntries hevinf sillilar objectii or who could be
indicecl or coerced to foin therein wage declared
or undeclared wer or wars of aggression and war or
wars middotin violetion of international lew treaties
agreements and assurances ega~nst eny country or
countries which might oppose that ~urpose
The whole of the ~articulars in Appendix A
of the Treaty Jrticles in Appendix B end of the
ssurances in bullppendix C relate to this Count
CCUNT 2
~11 the Defendants toqether with divers other
persons between the 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or eccomrlices in tbe formulation er
execution of a cormiddotUlOn 1an or conspiracy and are
resgtonsi ble for ell acts perforr1ed by themEelves or
by an3middot person ln execution of such plan
- 33 shy
The object of such_pian or conspiracy wes that
laren should ascure the military navel political
end economicmiddot dominction of the rovinces of Lieoning
Kirin Heilunpkieng end lehol bein~ perts of the
Re)ublic cf Chine either directl~ or by establishshy
ing a separate state under the control of Jenen
end for that rurpoae should wage declared or undeshy
clared war or wars of aggression end war or wars
in violation of internationai law treaties agreeshy
ments and assurances against the Republic of China
The whole of the Particulors in ~ppendix 1
the following rrreaty rticles in lpendix P Nos 1
to 6 inclusive 8 to 14 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive
32 to 35 inclusive and tlie following ssurances in
~ppendix C Nos 1 to 8 inclusive relate to this
Count
cmrr-1] 3
All the Defendants together with divers other
oersons betveen tbe 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 particpeted as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a corimon ilan or consbull~racy Fnd are
resionsible for all acts perfoned bi ttemselves or
b1 inymiddot )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or conspirscy wes that
Japan should ~ecure the military navel political
and economic doffiinetion of tha Reutlic of Chins
either directly or by estblishingmiddot separate state
or stctes under the control of Japcn Pnc for thct
~urpose shoulc wage declared or unceclared wrr or
- 34 shy
wars of age-ression end wer or vars in violation
of international law treaties agreements and
assurances agein~t the Rerublic of China
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix l end the sane Treaty rticles and ssurances as in Count
2 relate to this Count
CCTJNT 4
11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons betwemiddoten tle stmiddot Zanuory 1928 and the 2nd
Senterrber 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instieotors or eccomrlices in the formulation or
execution of a comrion lan or cons1gtiracy ind ere
resnonsible for ell sets performed by themselves or
b any person in execution of such plin
The object cf such plan or ccns~iracy was that
Jenan should secure the 11ili tary nuvel political
and economic do11nation of East sia and of the
Facific ond Indian Oceans tnd of ell countries end
islands therein or borderinpound thereon end for thet
purrose should alone or in coabim tion with other
countries bovine sniler objects or who could be
induced or coerced to Join therein wage declared or
undeclered wer or we-rs of aggression and wer or
wars in violPtion of internationhl la~ treaties
egreerents )nd assuu-nces egt-instmiddot the Pnited Strtes
of neric11 tre British Conmonwealth of Nutions
(which expression ~herever used in this Indictment
inoludes the UnitedKingdom of Greot Britsin end
Northern Ire lend the Commonweel th of bullustrelil
CFOds Jew ZePlond South ifiicE India Burma thbull
- 35 shy
I~P lay States end all other narts of the Eri tish
Erpire not serarately represented in the League of
Nations) the Republic of France the lingdom of
the letherlends tre Republic of China the Republic
of Portueel the Kingdom of ~hailand the Cororronshy
wea 1th of the Philippines ana tle tTnion of Soviet
Socialist Reublics or such er them as might oppose
trat ptlIJOOSB
Tle whole of the Particulars in Aopendix A
end of the ~reaty Articles in A9pendix P and of the
Assurances in Appendix C relete to this Count
CCUtT 5
~11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons beteen tJie 1st lanuer 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 rarticipated es leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a conunon plan or conspiracy and are
responsible for all acts performed by themselves or
by an person in execution of such plan
The ob1ect of such plan or conspirec was that
Germany Italy end apan should secure the military
navalmiddot politicalend economic doriination of the
whole world each having special domination in its
own sphere the sphere of Japan covering East tisie
the Pacific and Indien Oceans and all countries end
islands therein or bordering thereon end for that
nurnose should mutually assist one another to wage
declared or undeclared war or wars of aggression
and war or wars in violation of international law
treaties a~reelents end assurances against any
countries which might o~~ose thet ~~rpose and parshy
ticularly against the United States of America the
British Comraonwealth of Nations the Renublic of
France the 1ingdcm of the Netherlands the Republic
of Uhina the Republic cf Portugal the Kingdom of
Thailand the Commonwealth of the Philippines end
the Union of Soviet Socialist Renublics
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix A and
of the Treaty ~rticles in lppendix 1 and of the
Assurances in ppendiz C relate to this Count
CCUNT 6
hll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928middot
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression end a war in violrtion of intershy
national law treaties agreSlents andassurances
against the Renublic of China
The followingSections of the Particulars in
lppendiz rros l to 6 inclusive end the same
Treaty rticles and Assurances as in Count 2 relate
to this Count
COTThT 7
lll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression and a war in violation of intershy
national law treaties agreements end assurences
against the United States of rmerica
The followine middotsections of the Particulars in
1ppendiz middot Nos 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10_ tle folJowshy
ing Treaty ~rticles in Appendix B Nos l to 10
bull 3T bull
inclusive 17 to 19 inclusive 22 to )5 inclusive
end 37 and the whole of the f surences in ppendix
C relate to this Count
CCUNT 8
Ill the Defendants between the 1st Jenury
1928 end the 2nd September 1945 planned and preshy
pared a wer of aggression end e war in viohtion of
international law treaties agreements end assurshy
ances epeinst the lTnited lingdom of ltlreet Britein
end Northern I~elend enc ell rerts of the British
CommonwePlth of Nations not the subject of separate
counts in this Indictment
The following Sections of the ~erticulors in
lpehdix middotbull N~ J 4 5 6 7 9 End 10 nd tbe
fcllowine Trepoundty 1rticles in ppendix B Nos 1 2
5 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive 32 to
)5 inclusive 37 and J8 and the whole of the
bullseuronces in 0pendix C relate to this Count
C(ITJT 9
All the Defendentsmiddotbetween the 1st January
1928 fnd the 2nd September 1945 plEnned end preshy
prred e war of eggression Ende war in violcticn of
internntion~l low treaties egreements anQ assurshy
ences geinst the Cor1nonveilth of ustralie
The sene Sectiofts of the Portioul~rs in
ppendix rnd the some Trety middotrticles poundgtnd ssurshy
~noes rs in Count 8 relrte to this Count
- JS shy
COTHT 10 bull
middot11 tl-J e Defencrrts between the 1st Jonu~ry 192
end tbe 2nd Seutember 1945 plnned cnd prepmiddotred e
wFr of nRression ~nd WPr in vlolbulltion of intershy
nctionamiddot1 l~w tre 0 tics rgreeuents rnd essurampnC6S
cpPinst Rew 7eelrnd
The s~le Cections of the ~rticulirs in ~ppudi
Z end the SEmiddotme Trety rticles end )ssurrnces fS i1
Count 8 relcte to this Count
CCTT 11
111 the Delend~nts beteen the 1st J1middotnurgtry 1921
rnd the 2nd Se~tcober 1945 plnned and prepcred
war of oegression ~nd c wrr in viot~iion of intershy
ntioIel lr-w treeties rgreenents rnd essuronce
rgoinst c~nd3
The srme Sections of the ~rrticulfrs nprendi
middot end the s~ne Trerty rticles nd ssur-nces- rs in
Count 8 relFte to this Count
CCITI 12
f11 tto Dcofendnts between tbe 1st i nury 92
ena tr e 2nc Sef)tenter 1945 ~lenned ~nd nrapired 8
wor of -egresson ind c Wr n viohtion of intershy
nrt~omiddotmiddot--1 lrmiddotw trampcties Fgreenents ~nd cssur~middotnces
against India
The ssroe Sections of the rarticu~ in ~ppendiJ
and the sar-e Treaty rticles end ssurarces as 1
Connt 8 relate to this Count
~ 39 shy
C()TJT 13
~11 the Defendants between the 1st JenuPry 192
and the 2nd September 1945 planned end nrepered a
war of aggression and a wer n violction of intershy
national law treaties agreenents end assurances
against the Corironwealth of tle rilirmiddotnines
The sane Sections of the ~artcul9rs in ppendil
and the ss~e Treaty ~rticles end tssurances as in
Count 7 relate to this Count
CCTTT 14
11 the Defendants between the 1st 1enuary 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 ~lenned aad prersred a
wer of aegression znd a wer in viclEtion of intershy
national law treet-ies egreeraents end assurauces
arainst the Kingdol of the ~TeterlEltnds
The following Sections cf the Particulars in
ppendix ~ 11os J 4 6 7 9 and 10 the follcwshy5 ing Treaty rticles in ppendix R Nos 1 to 5
inclusive 10 to 18 inclusive 20 22 to JO inclusivf
32 to 35 inclusive 37 a~d 38 end tte f ollovin~
sur~nces in ~-pendix C tlos 10 to 15 inclusive
relate to this Cou~t
CrTl 15
11 the Defendnts between t~e 1st January
1928 end tr e 2nc1 Se[lterber 1945 planned end
~repered a var of fression enc a wer in violeti_on
of internetional la~ treities aerreerents end
assurences agaicst the Rerublic of ~ranee
~te following Sections of the Particulors in
- 40 shy
ppeniix middot osbull 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 tre
folloving Treaty ~rticles in ipendix B Nos 1 to
5 inclusive 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to 30 inclusive
and 32 to 38 inplusive and the follobulling Assurmceio
in ppendix C os 14 and 15 relate to this Count
COTl 16
11 the Lefendants betveen tle 1st anuary
1928 and the 2nd Sentember 1945 1anned and preshy
rsrecl a war of afgression encl a buller in violation of
international lew treaties agreements and assurshy
ances apeinst tte Lingdcm of Theilend
The following Sections of the ~erticulers in
ppendix bull Nos 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 and
the followin Treaty middotrticles in middotpenCix B lJos
3 4 5 JO end 32 to 38 inclusi~~ ~elate to this
Ccunt
crHT 17
111 the Defendants between the 1st January
1928 and the 2nd September 1945 planned end rreshy
rered a wer of afgressl en and a r in viohtion of
international lav treaties i_reerents ond assurshy
ances qeinst t~ e ncn of Soviet ~ocialist
Renublics
Tre followinr Sections of the amprticulars n
bullnendix bull Nos 1 to 8 inclusive ancl the folluing
Jreety middotrtic] es Lmiddot lenclix B os 1 to 5 inclusive
10 to 18 inclusive 32 tc 35 inclisive 39 to 47
inclusive Pnd middotmiddotssurence Ho 13 in npendix C
relEte to this Count
- 41shy
CCF 18
middothe Defendents 1KI DCFIR RfSHIMOTO
I1 bullm1- bull IT bullotTI Kcrsc rJI I cKrt 11IGELITSU
TC10 and middot~rzu on qr ebout the lftth Septerber 1931
1nit1eted a wer of aggression and a warin violation
of internetionel law traaties egreeLen ts und
assurances egainst the Republic cf China
Rection 1 of the Terticulr in ppendix
ond the followinf Treety rticles in trpendix f3 ~cs 1 to 5 inclusive 11 to 14 inclusive 22 23
25 30 40 to 43 inclusive rehte to this Count
CC1t 19
The Dereridfnts CllI I lCFIRR p middotSPIClO
fTbull RIl~ll PI1CTmiddot EOSfHO IT~KI I1Y IGDO
HTqlJ TTT( SUZUKI TOJC ind UMEZU on or about
the 7th July 1937 initiated a ~er of aggression
rnd e wrr in viohtion of internc-tionel lrw tre~ties
Egreea~nts nd 2ssur2nces egtinst the Republic of
Chine
Section 2 of t~e ~rticulpoundrs in ~rpendix ~ the
same rety middotrticleuros rs in Colrnt 18 nd the folloving
tssur~nceuros in middotnnenrx C os 3 4 ~nd 5 rel-te
to this Count
err_ 20
he Defandmiddot rts DCPJ l PilTJl FrCTmiddot
FCll-fIPO ybullmiddotr I~IDlt ITIJRI lUTC ~GYO OK~
r~~ Smr siT111nr S~ZUI TC0C ~nd TC70 en or
bullbcut the 7th Dscecter 19Ll 1~itiatee ~frac12~r of
rg~r0se ion ~ rc ~- wltr in viol tlcl cf internt i_onc 1
- 42 shy
bull lew treeties middotrreenents end cssurnces grinst
the United Stltes of merice
Section 9 of the Terticulers in Pendix
the follow in~ Treatmiddot r~icles in npencix S ifos
1 to 9 inclusive~ 19 22 tQ JO inclusive )3 34 end
37 and the whole of the t~surances in 1ppendix C
relate to this Count
ccrn 21
The same Defend9nt~ es in Count 20 on or about
the 7th December 1941 initiated e var of aggression
an~ a wer in viol2tlcn of international law treatie~
agreellents en( assurances aga~nst the ~orllonvealth
cf tte Trili-pines
The sane Jart i_cbullilere Treat~middot frticles and
~ssurances 1s in Count 20 relate to this Count
CCIJT 22
The ssLe Defencl11ts as i- Coant 20 cn_ or about
tbe 7th Decelber J941 iitiated a var of aeressicn
ana a war in viol2tion of internat~unal las treatie~
agree1nents and assurances afainst tbe ritish
rcnnonwealth of Natcns
Section 9 cf tte Perticalr s in ppendix
thegt follovinf Treaty rticles in pnenciix B Nos
J to 5 inclusive 19 22 to JO ~nclusive 33 and 37
and the hole of the ~ssurences in rppendix C
relate to tr is Cobulltnt
Tte lefendsnts tlrI )CEIPmiddotq 1IPrmmiddotmiddot
- 4) shy
HIROTA HOSHINO ITICKI KIDO W TSUQKJ liUTI
NCJNO SHIClITSU end TOJO on 0r ebout the 22nd
Se~tember 19~0 initieted ewer of errression end
e ~Br in violetion of international lEw treetiFs
egreements end essurences efeinst the Re~ublio of
Frence bull
The seme Perticulers Treety Jrticles end
Ps~urences sin Count 15 relrte to this Count
CcUfilZh
The srne tefendants es In Count 2J on or Eboui
the 7th Decembfr 1941 initietec ewer of errression
and a ~Pr in violetion of internetione le~ treeties
egreements enc assurances e~einst the Kinrdom of
Theiland
Section 7 of the Particulars in A~pencix A end
the following Treety Jrticles in Appendix B Nos l
to 5 inclusive 33 34 36 37middotend 38 relete te
this Count
QOUNT 25
The Defendents ATJgtKI DOHIHJRA HJTA HihANUMA
HIROTA HOSHirO ITJCJII KIDO MATSUOKJ Mi TfUI
SHIGUITSU and SUZUKI curing July end August
1938 inititec ewer of Pffression end ewer in
violetion of internetional lautrerties egreements
enc es~urences by ettecking the Union of Soviet
Socielist Re~ublics in the eree of Lake Khasan
The serne Perticulers Trerty Articles end
Assurences es in Count 17 1 relate to this Count
- 44 shy
CCTTTlT 26
The Defendents middot-~YI )CHlli1U HT BIRcll
ITGU(I lIDC HIS lTiTTI lTSUCK 1 ~UT0 SUZUmiddotI
0GC TCJO end nnztr durin the summer cf 1939
initiated a war of sgrression and a vsr in violoticn
of international lev treeties agreements and
assurances by attacking the territory of the
J~npolian Peonlebulls Republic in the area of the
Kha1khin-Gol River
The same eirticulars Treaty rticles and
ssurcnces as in Ccunt 17 relate to this Count
C(TJT 27
11 the Defend5nts bet~een the lEth Septenber
1931 end the 2nd September 1945 waged a wer of
aggression 8nf a bullrr in viol~tion of intern~tionel
lew trecties fgreenents and assurances flfeinst the
Republic of Chine
The seme Perticulars Trety rticles snd
~ssurrnces ~sin Count 2 rel~te to this Count
C(T~T 28
11 tte Pefend~nts between the 7th July 1937
end the 2nd Setenber 1945 wared s wer of aggresshy
bullsion nc1 r ymiddotr in viol~tion of internctioncl ltw
trertilss egreerJGn ts end ssurnces rgiinst the
Re~ublic of Chine
The SfMe Perticulcrs Tre~ty rticles 8nd
ssurrnces -s in Cmiddotunt 2 relute ~o this Count
- 45 shy
CCUlT 29
ll the Defendents between the 7th DecElllber
1941 ~nd the 2nd September 1945 wnged 6 wrr of
rggression end c Mr in violation of intermtionel
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
United~tates of tmerica
The following Sections of the ~articulers in
pp end ix i1 os 4 middot to 10 inclusive and the sane
Treaty ~rticles and ~ssurences as in Count 20 relate
to this Count
COlP1 JO
Lll the Defendsnts between the 7th Decenber
1941 and the 2nd Spte~ber 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violetion of international
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
Corlllonweslth cf the ~hili~pines
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles and
1ssurances as in Count 29 relete to this Count
crrJl 31 middot
Ul the Defendrnts betveen the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd Se1Jtember 1945 waged a Viar of
apgression and a wer in violatiog of internationalbull
law treaties agreerents end assurances against
the Pritish Corinonviealth of Nations
~he followin~ Sections of the ~articulars in
Appendix J Nos 4 to 10 inclusive and the same
Treaty bullrticles end ssurances as in Count 22 relate
tc this Count
- 46 shy
CCTTJ 32
All tte Defendants between the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd September 1945 waged a 11r of
aggression and a war in violation of international
law trestles egreeuents end assurances agenst
tte Kingdom of tce lf1therlands
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles sne
rlssurances as in Count 14 relate to thisCount
CC 33
The nefendsnts tRTi 001smiddotnmiddot IRNUt
FIlCT~ FNFnH lTlYI YID0 ~TSTTCK IUTO
1GW0 SIG~I5 end TCJC en end after the 22nd
Septelber 1940 vaged a war of algressipn end a
war in vbullolltion of ~nternetional law treaties
arreenents end assurances against the Republic of
France
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles end
cssurances as in Count 15 relate to this Count
middot CCUNT 34
_11 tre Defendants between the 7tl Decemberbull
1941 and tbe 2nd September 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violttion of international
law treFties agreenents and assurances against
the lingdon of Treilend
middot Tte sene erticulers and Treaty rticles as
in Count 24 rBlete to t~is Ccunt
CCIDT 35 bull The smiddotme Defendants ss in Count 25 during th
- 47 shy
SWmer of 1938 waged a war of aggression and a war
in violation of international lew treoties agreeshy
nents an~ assurances against the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics
The same Particulars Treaty rticles end
lssurences es in Count 17 relte to this Count
CCUc 36
The seme Defendunts ss in Count 26 during the
surller of 1939 eged a Yer of aggression in violashy
middottion of intermticnfl lew treaties egreements poundmiddotnd
essurlnces egeinst the rmiddotonrolifn Peoples Republic
and the Union of Soviet Socielist Renublics
The SFMe Flrticulers Treaty lrticles end
ssurr-nces ts in Count 17 rele te to this Count
ltmCUlt TWO U1DEl
The following Counts chrrfe the crimes of
raurder enltl conspirecy to murder being ects for
wlich it is chi-reed thtt the persons nmed rnd ecch
of thim rre individully responsible being poundt the
seoe tine Crirnes cgcinst eoce Conventionil Wer
Orines ~nd Crimes poundguinst Humeni ty contnmiddotrJ to ell
the 1J-ragrrhs of rticle 5 of the s~id ChArter to
Internrtionmiddotl Lrw ~nc tc the middotaoL1estic lews of ell
the countries where cor-oi tted including Jrbullpr-n or
to one or ~ore of them
CCl 37
The Defendints DCPIF cl FTR 1JTnt FIRCT
- 48 shy
HCSFINC KAA I(ID0 lIlURA ~me tAGATC CYA
0SrA S~( iltJlADA SJZTTlG 00( end JCJC togethe
~ith divers other per~ons between the 1st iune
1940 and the 8t~ Decet1ber 1941 rarticipated es
leaders organizers insti~ators or accoLplices in
the formulation or execution of a corilon rlan or
consnirecy end are responsible for all acts pershy
formed b themselves or by any person in execution
of such plan
The object of amp4ch ~lan or conspiracy was unlewshy
full~middot to kill and murder the persons described
below by initiating unlegful hostilities against
the United States of bmerica the rorutonwealth of
the rhlippines the British Colraonwealth of Iletions
the Kingdom of the lfotherllnds nd the Kingdoa of
The llend sne unlewf111ly orcering causing end ershy
ciitqng the ermed forces o JaJen to attack the
territory ~ti-s ~nd eir1lenes of tbe said netions
er sore of tJierl et tiL1es when Japan vioulu be et yeece
vith the said cstons~
che r-erscns intenled to be lilled end rurdered
were eJl such rersons both members of the armed
forces of the seid nationsand civilians es might
te~nen to be in the places et the tues of such
attacks
The said hostilities end attacks were unlawful
bscause they ~ere breeches of Treaty Article 5 in
Anpendix B enf the accused enc the said armed forces
of Japan could not therefore acquire the rights of
lawful belligerents
The accused ~nc each of the~ intended that such
- 49 shy
hostilities stoulc be initiated in breach of such
Treaty ~rticle or were reckless vhether sucb Treaty
Article would be violoted or not
COTT JS
he Defendante DltHIFARA FIP~~1um nroT ~
V(l~I0 ~6t iITJC IlT~~ ATSUCKA fJTO r~GUO
CK~ (ltHD~ STC SHD~~DA suzrnI TOQO ond TOJO
to~ether with divers other ~ersons between t~s 1st
J1me 1940 and the 8th De~erruer 1941 partici)Jtted
as le6ders organizersmiddotinstgators or accomylices
in tle forllulrtion or executicn of o COLlJon rlan or
cons~irac~ end are resnonsibla for all acts pershy
formed by ttemselvss or by sny person in execution
cf such 1an
The object of suchJJlon or consnirecy wes unshy
lawfully to kill and murder the persons described
belov bibull initiating unlawful rostilities tgainst
the Uni tecI States of tmerico the Comronweal th middotof
the Thilip~ines theuro ~ritieh Cormonwealthof Notions
the Kingdon of the etherlcnde and tre l(ingdcm of
Thai lent end unlewftlly order inf causng and pershy
nittinc the armed forces cf Jicen tmiddoto attack the
torritor~ ships oud airlanes of the soid notions
or sone of treuroll
The middotersons intended to be killed enc murdered
were all such ~ersons both oembers of the aroed
forces of the said natons end civiliens as mifht
happen to be in the olaces at the tiues of such
attacks
The said hostilities ond attacks ware unlawful
- 50 shy
because they were breaches of Treaty Articles 6
7 19 33 34 end 36 in Appendix Bena the accused
end the said armed forces of span could not thereshy
fore acquire the rir-hts of lawful b~lligerents
The accused end each of then intended that such
hostilities should be initiated in breech of such
Treaty ~rticles or were reckless whether such Treaty
Articles or any of then would be violated or not
C0T11 9
The same Defendants es in Count 38 middotunder the
circumstances ellered in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing ceusinr end ermitting the armed forces of
Japan to attack tle territory ships and airplanes
of the United States of America with which bullnation
Jinien was then et peace at middotPearl Harbour Territory
of Hawaii on the 7th December )941 at about 0755
hours (Pearl Harbour time) unlawfully killed and
murdered Adniral Kidd and ebout 4000 other oembers
of the naval end nilitary forces of the United State
of America lnd certaii civilians vJiose nanes and
nurnber ere et present unknown
CfTmiddotT 40
Tee sane Defendants as in Count )8 under the
circur1stances elle~ed in Counts 37 and )8 by ordershy
ing causin~ end rerrnittinR the armed forces of
Japan to attack the territory end airplanes of the
British Conmomealth of Nations 1th which nations
Japan was then et reece et Iota Eahru Kelenten
on the 8th December 1941 et about 0025 hours
- 51 bull
(Singapore ti11e) unlawfully killed and murdered
certain menQers of the aroed forces of the Pritish
Commonwealth of Nations whose names end number are
at present unknown
comrr 41
The same Defendants as in Count 38 under the
circ110stances alleged in Counts )7 end J8 by ordershy
ing causing end rerr1ittini the a rfled orces middot of
la pen tc etteck the terri tor sb 1ps end airplanes
of the ritish Comnonwealth cf Nations with v1lich
nations Janen was then at peace at Rone Kong on
tte 8th Decenber 1941 at ebout 0800 tours (Hong
Kong time) unlawfully killed and murdered certain
members of the armed forces of the British Coraonshy
wealth of nations whose names end number are at
present unknown
CCTTNT 42 The same Defendants es in Count 38 under the
circumstances alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing CIJUSing end pernitting the arHed forces Of
Jepan to et tech H IS ETRiL a ship of the British
ComtonY-eelth of lpoundtio_ns with which nations Japan
wes then rt eece et Shibullnghei on the 8th December
1941 et cbcut OJOO hours (Shcnghei tine) unlawshy
fully killed r nt rurdered three members of the navel
forces of the ~ritish CoILlonweelth of Nations whose
names ere et present un1ltnovin
52 shy
crT1T 43 the som~ Dcfcndcnts os in Count 38 under the
ciroumstFnces alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing causing end rermittin~ the armed forces of
Jeren to ettecl the territory of the Corimonvmiddotealth of
the ~hilipnines vith which nation Japan was then at
peace et Deveomiddot on the 8th December 1941 et about
1000 hours (anila time) unlawfully killed and
murdered certain mElllbers of the armed forces of the
United States of America end of the armed forces end
civilians middotor the comiddotlLlomealth cf the Ihilippines
whose nomes end number ere at TJresent unltnown
CCUNT 44bull All the De1endents together with divers other
persons between the 18th S~pternber 1931 and the 2nd
Septenber 1945 ~erticipeted as leo~ers organizers
instigetors or eccollTJlices in the 1orruletion or
execution of a coJnon plan or consiiracbullmiddot end ere
resryonsible for ell Acts performedmiddot by theuselves or
by any person in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or consiracy was to
)rocure end permit tte- riurder on a wholesale scale
of prisoners of wer MEfubers of tht ermed forces of
countries opposed to Je~ Egtn vho id-ht le~ down their
erlls enc civilians who niht be in the rower of
Jepcn on land or sea in territories occuried by
Jaron end crews 01 shi s destromiddoted bmiddot Japinese
forces in ruthless ~ursuit of victory in the unlawshy
1ul wrrs in which Japan was or would during the
said period be ~1J8oged
- shy
CCGNT 45
The Defendcnts ARAKI L~S-Il-CTC FATA EIRJJlUlA
prqc-r abull IT ~GtYI Y- f A JIDo HATSUI mrrc SUZTTKI
rnd UHEZP on the 12th December 1937 rnd succeedinf
dcys by unl 0 wfully oreering ciusing nd peroitting
the rrmed forces of Jqfn to ctt~cl ~he City f
NPning in breach of th3 Trerty Articles ~ientiond
in Count 2 hereof tnd to slr-ughter the ihhabitents
contrcry to internrtioncl lcw unhbullwfully killed
rnd Murcered Many thousands of civili~ns end disermed
soldiers of the Re~ublic of Chine whose nemes nd
number 01re rt preEent unrnovm
CCTfT 46
The sme Defenccmiddotnts i s in Count 45 on the 21st
Cctobor 1938 end succecding dt1y s by unlswfully
ordering CUsing rnd rern11tting the rrr1ed forces
of Jrrcln to ittck the City of Canton in breech of
the TreAty ~rticles montioncd in Count 2 hereof ~nd
tc sbuehter the inheibi tilnt s contrrry tci interndegtiollf
lcw unlawfully killed r nd nurdered l~rge numbers
of ~ivilisns end disvrmed soldiers of the Republic
of Clini vhose nrmes r rc number cre st present
unknown
C(TJ 47
The scme Defendcnts rs in Count 45 prior to tte
27th October 1938 end on succeeding dsys by
unlawfully ordering cuusing ~nd pern~tting the
nmed forces of Jrpon to cttcct the City of Hcnkow
in breech of the Trenty ~rticles mentioned in Count 2
- 54 shy
bereof and to slaughter the inhabitants contrary to
internatioal law unlavfully killed and Murdered
lerge nllllbers of civilians end disar1ec solciers
of the Oepublic of China wtosa narces and nU1ber ere
et Tresent un1middotn9wn
C01-l 48
The Defendants EATA rrnc 1crso StTC SlIGEshy
EITSTT Ter end mrzu prior to the 18th June 1944
end on succeeding days by unlawfully orderi11euro
causine and arnitting the erled forces of Japan to
attack the City of Changsha in breach of the Treaty
Articles nentioned in Count 2 hereof and to slaughter
tle inhlbaents contrary to internaticnal law unlawshy
fully killed and murdered nany thousands of civ~lians
end di sarnec solders of tte Republic of China
whose nales and ru11tbcr ere tt resent unknown
COHFT 49
Tte S~ne Defencants as in Count 48 prior to
tte ett luiust 1914 ampnd on succecdin[ days by
unlamiddotfull order ins csusin[l end pe t tin the
eried forces of caigtan to attack the City of lengyen
in tre rrovince of H11nen in breach of the Treaty
trticles mentioned in Count 2 hereof end to slaufhter
the inhebi tents contrary to intermitioal lampv unlawshy
fully killed and nurdered large nuribHs of civilians
enc disarmed soldiers of the Republic of China whose
neMcs and nunber erE it present unknown
- 55 shy
CCTTIT 50
The seme Defendants as in Count 48 prior to
the 10th Noveirber 1944 and on succeeding days by
unlawfully orderine causing and pernitting the
arr1ed fo~ces of Japan at attack the Cities of Kweilishy
and Liuchow in the Province of Kwangsi in breach of
the Tre~ty Articles mentoned in Count 2 hereof and
to sleUfhter tte inhabitants contrary to internatiom
-law unlawfully killed end murdered large nuabers
of civilians and disarmed soldiers of the Republic
of China whose names and number are at present
unknownbull
cnTNT 51
The Defendants ARAYI DCEIHARA HATA IlAtUMA
I~G~YI IGDO 1ciso lmiddotATffiTI 14Tsrroy 1middott~C
SUZUKI TCGC TOJO and IDEZU by ordering causing
and permitting ~he armed forces of Japan to attack
the territories of Hongolia and the Fnion of Soviet
Socialist Republics with whicl nations Japan wamps
then at peace inmiddot the reeion of the Khalkbin-Gol
River in the summer of 1939 unlawfully killed and
murdered certain merobers of the armed forces of
onolia me the rrnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
wlose nElti1euroS and nunber are et present unknown
ccmiddotJNT 52
The Defendants ARAII DrHIHARA HT11 FIRANUJIA
FIRCt FCSFTHO ITAGAI-I KIDO l1ATStTCKJI l~TSUI
SEIGlI15CT lttZTJKI and TOJO lJy ordering causing
end permitting the armed forces of Japan to attack
- 56 shy
the territory of the Union of Soviet Socialist
Re1middotublics with Vhich nation Jarien was th~n at peace
( in the region of lake Lhasan in the months of July
and August 1938) unlawfully killed and murdered cershy
tain me1bers of the ermed forces of the rrnion of
Soviet Socialist Rebullmiddotublics whose names tnd number
are at present unknown
GRCPP TIIRpound ccvmiddotrrrbullmiddotn tR CRIS M-Ti CRIES N~middotST Fll1t7IT
The following Counts charge _conventional ier
ir~lles enlt Crir-es egelnst EunaniJy beins acts tor
wrich it is charged that the persons na~ed and each
of them are individually resnonsi ble in accordance
with trticle 5 and particuierly ~rticle 5 (b) end (c
of the Charter of the Interneticnal iilitery Tribune
for the Far East and in accordance with Intershy
national Law or either of them
CCU-T 53
The Defendants DCRIFRA ~Tt -(SJjUC
ITGA1I IAl lILC rc1~~ Iorso urc NtG~NO
CY~ CSHrmiddot~ S~TO SI-IGTSl) mutD STTZULI TOGC
TOJO and UlEZU together with divers other persons
between the 7th Decellber 1941 end the 2nd Se]ltember
1945 ~articipnted as leaders organizers instigashy
tors or accololices in thE formulation or executlon
of a corllon plan or conslirecr and ere res)onsi ble
for all acts perforMed by therselves or br any
rierson in execution of such plan
The object of such olari or consiracy yen1es to
order authorize and r ermit the Co 4ctanders-in-Chief
- -57 shy
ot the levaral Japanese naval and nilitary forces
in each of the several theatres of war in which Japan
was then engaged and the officials of the Japanese
Har inistr~middot and the parsons in ctarge cf each cf
the canps and labour units for prisoners of war and
civilian internees in territories of or occupied by
Ja)an and the military and civil police of iapan
and their respective subordinates frequently and
habitually to co=it the breaches of the Lawsmiddotend
Custcms of 11~ar as contained in and proved by the
Conventions assurances and ~rectices referred to in
l~rendix D against the ermed forces of the countries
hereinefter named end againet many thousands of
ori sonars of war end ci vi liens then in the rower of
Jenan belonpin~ to the Tni ted States of America the
British Colonwealth of rations the Republie of
France the Kingdom of the Netherlands the Cormonshy
wealth of the Flilipines the Republic of China
the Republic of Fortugal Bnd the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics end that the roverru1ent of Japa1
should abstain from takin adequate steps in accordshy
ance vd th the said Conventions and assurances end
Laws and custot1s of ~er in order to secure observenc
end prevent breaches thereof
In the case of tre Republic of China the said
plan or consryirecy began on the 18th September 1931
end the following Defendants participated therein in
addition to those above-named ARAI HASFHOTO
RAlll~ ~(~ lATSTJ middot~Tsnrn1 ~TlrlI
bull 58 shy
C0PNl 54
The Defendants DOFiJEAR~ H~TAHOffiINO ITAGAKI
KAYA Kif-0 YIMURA KOISC MUTO NAGANO OKA OSHIMA
SATC SFIGlITSU 1RIMADA flJZUYI TOGO TOJO and
UEZ1J between the 7th Deceober 1941 and the 2nd
Septeuber 1945 ordered authorized and permitted
the same ~ersons as oentioned in Count 53 to co=it
the offences therein mentioned end thereby violated
the laws cf War
In the case of the Republic of China the said
orders euthorities end permissions were given in a
period beginning on the 18th September 1931 and
the following Defendants were responsible fer the
same in addition to those named above A~AII
FASED0TO PIRUJTJrA FIROTA HATSI AT-UOKA
CCFNT 55
bull The Defendants DCFIB~RA HAT HOSE-INO ITAGfiKI
KrA iID0 YIHlTRP KCIS0 EUTC NAGfNC OKA Ofxllll
S~TC PIGIlITCTT Sl-DiD~ ampJZUKI TCGO TOJO and
tn~zu between the 7th December 1941 end the 2nd
September 1945 being by virtue of their respective
offices responsible for securing the observance of
the said Conventions end assurances and the Laws and
Customs of ar in respect af the armed forces in
the countries hereinafter named and in respect of
many thousands of prisoners of war end civilians then
in the power of Japan belonging to the United States
of rmerice the British Comrn0nwealth of ~fations
tte Republic of France the Kingdom of tle Nethershy
- ~9 shy
lends the Cormonwealth or the hilippines the
Republic or China the Republic of Portugel end the
Union or Soviet socialist Republics deliberotely
rnd recklessly disregorded their legal duty to1toke
rdequete stops to secure the observonce end prevent
brerohes thereof rnd thereby violcted the lows of
wrr
In the case or the Republic of China tha said
offence begFn on the 18th September 1931 and the
following Defendi-nts were responsible for the same
in addition to those nemed above JRtKI FtSHICTO
FRJPlr HROT- ~~-ToTI HTltTOK~ INJI middot
11herefore this Indictment is lodged with tte
middot Tribun~l poundnd tJie chcrges herein mrde agllinst the
ebove-nomsd Defendants ere hareby presented to the
Tribunal
Joseph B Keenan bull Chief of Counsel acting on behalf of-the
United Strtes of merico
Hsiang Che-Chun
~s sooiete Counsel acting on bah lf or the Republic of China
I s Comyns Cirr
ssocilte Coulsel eoting on behclf of the United fingdom of Greet Brtt11in Pnd Northe
Irelond
S bull Golunsky
ssoc1rte Coubullsel ncmiddott1ng on beholf of the Union of Soviet SoerCl1st Re1)ubl1cs
6Q shy
A J 1nsfeldshy
middotmiddotfsocirte Counel rctine on beh0lf of the Comrionwc~lth or ustrelie
II G folen
r ssociete Counsel t cting on behelf of C(mida
Robert bullneto
ssociate Counsel acting on behelf of the Reublic of ~ranee
W G F BoegerhOff ~ulder
ssocirte Counsel rcting on beholf of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
R H quillhm
Jssocitte Counsel Pcting on behrlf of New Zerlrnd
pbullpGovinds lenon ~ s Comyns Carr
ssociete Counsel ccting on behlf of Indi e
edro Lopez
tssociate Counsel actinF on behelf of the Col1Dlonwerlth of the Philippines
- 61 shy
APPENDIX J
SUirlllarized Particulars sho~in the principal Matters
and Events upon which the Prosecution will rely in
support of the several Counts of the Indictment in
Groun Cne
SECTION 1 1
ILIT1 AGGRESSIN HT lANCHURIA
From January lst 1928 onwards there was a plot
in the Japanese Arm~middot and particularly in the lwantun
Army s~nrorted by certain civilians tomiddotcreete an
incident in 1anchuria which should form a pretext
forIepen to conquer occupy and exploit that Country
as the first ste~ in a scheme of eominetion which
later extended to other parts of Chine to the terr1-
tory of the Union of Soviet Socialast Republics
end ultnately to a wider field aiming to make Japer
a dondnent power in the World
The major events in the execution of it were
About 18th September 1931 Following a long
period of infiltration end consequent friction
Je]lenese troons blew ur a portion of the South
anchurien leilwey falsely accused Chinese troops
cf doing so attacked thet end thereafter pro~resshy
sively end repidlr carried out a Ililitery occupation
of the Chinese provinces of Liaoning Kirin Heilungshy
kieng end Jehol (the north-eastern provinces)
About )rd January 1932 Japanese forces occushy
pied Chnctow in sri te of e ssurance given by their
~oreigh Office to the United States on 24th November
1931 that they would notdo so
- 62 shy
Beginning about 18th Jeruary 19Ji Japanese
nevsl and later military forces attacksd the
Chinese in Shanghai
About 28th to 29tb January 19)2 Jaosnese
bonbed Cbsps1 middotat 1215 am
~b0ut 1st Febtusry 1932 Jeysnese viarships
shelled l1smlng middot
Jurin 1932 Jspen set up a separate puppet
novernrient in the said ~rcvinces enc on 15th Ssptsmshy
b~r 1932 officially recognized it
The 1BSn~ss Government which cals into power
on 13th December 1931 and ell subsequent Japanese
Governments adopted supported and continued thismiddot
sggre_ssion end its grsdusl extension over ether pamprtE
of Chins
Jsren delivered no declsrstion of 1ar against
Chine nade no effort to settle the alleged dispute
by pacific means or by mediation or arbitration
rejected on 5th February 1932 an offer of mediatio
by the United States Greet Britain enc ~ranee
refused to Gdopt the repcrt ampnd recommendations cf
the Lytton Commission apTJointed by the League of
Nations of which Jspen end Ctins were members ormiddot
the resolutions of the League and on 27th ]~rch
1933 reslgned froll the League
Cn 18tr ADril 1934 Jersn announced her absoshy bull lute opposition to sny foreign interference in Chins
other than her cwn
On 1st lerch 1934 Jspsn caused Henry Ju Yi to
be in~tslled es the norinal ruler of the so-celled
Stats of JisncbuJuo Nevertheless large Japanese
- 63 shy
crmies continued down to the 2nd September 1945 to
be mdntcined in these t0rritories using th1am s t
bmiddotse for further rggression ~nd to control together
with J_-p~ nse civi lifn offici ~ls the whole Governshy
ment industry nd finrnce thereof
SECTINT 2
1ILITAR GG1ESSINT IN lW REST 0F C-INA
Jor nesc rggressiCn geinst Chin entered r new
phc oe on July 7th- 1937 when her r_rmy invdod Clinc
south of the Grot r11 [nd htr goverruient ndoptcd
supported lt nd continued the rggresslon 111 subshy
sequent J~~~ncse Governments did the scme
Subsequent mbull_ jor events in this ph~middotse wore
-~bout 19th to 25th septembar 1937 Jrpmiddotnese
forces bombed r~cnking rnd Cc nton r nd deli bcrc te ly
killed lmiddot rge numbers of civilLns
- About 13th December 1937 J-p nese forces
c~Dtured fnking slruhtcred mcny thousnds of
civilimiddotns na committed other outr~ges
During 1940 J~prn Sbt up r- soprrto puppet
Governrotnt in those vrts of Chinbull (other thrn the
four north-o stern privinces _ bove-mcntioned) which
sh- then occuied clriming to be the Nbulltion l
Government of the Reuublic of Chinr middot-nd middotbout
0th November 1940 offic1~ lly rccognizod it bullbull rgbullin J~pmiddotn delivered no dcclrrction of wbullr on
Chinr m~de no rttcmptmiddottc settle the lleged dispute
by pbullcific mcns or by medi~tion or ~rbitr tion
refueed on 25th September 1937 to prticipte in
the Frr Erstern fdvisory Cotllllittee of the Lccgue of
Nr- tions rltcfused on 27th October middotnd og-in on 12th
Novzmbor 1937 to ~tt~nd the Conferenceheld t
Brussels of trG other signmiddottories to the Nine-Power
Trerty of 6th Febru~ry 1922 or to qiscuss its
rppliomiddottion refused on 22nd September 1938 to sit
with the Lemiddotguc of H tions to medirte her disrute
with Chin middotnd on 4th Povcmber 1938 decl red thst
the scid Nin~-Fower Trety WS obsolete
Jrpmiddotn continued her militbullry ~ggression in
Chim by cmiddot pturinz rnong other cities Frnkow on
the 27th October 193~ Ch ngshr on the 18th June
1944 Hsn~y-ng on tre 8th tugust Kweilin on the
10th IovmiddotJbcr nd liqchow on the 11th November of
the Sle yemiddotmiddotr r-nd deliber tcly killed lcrg~ numbers
of civ1li 0 ns bull nd committGd othor outrbullges in erch of
the cities ~fori-mmtioned
SECTION 3 ECPT(IC 1 0GRESSJQ-T I CIW lTl) GRlltTFR imiddotsr middotsrmiddotbull
During the period covered by this Indictment
~pmiddotn est~blished ~ gbncrrl superiority of rights
in f-vour of her own ntionmiddotls which effectivamply
eremiddot ted 111onopolics in comrercimiddotl industril middotmiddotnd
finmiddot ncil enterprisas first in lmiddot nchurimiddotmiddot nd 1 ter
in other prts of Chinmiddotmiddot whch c aa under her dominshy
rtion nd exploitad those rcgioiis not only for the
Gnr fobmen t of JmiddotmiddotO n nd those of her nction ls pmiddotrshy
ticimiddot ting in thosG entsrnrises but s -rt of
scheme to 1leken the resist nee of Chiflr to exclude
other -middot tions middot nd n middotticnmiddotls nd to provide funds
nd munitions for further I ggression
li5 shy
This plmiddotn middots w~s the intention of soll~ rt le st
or its oripintors both on its economic rnd militry
side err dumiddot 11 cc me to embrce siuilmiddotr designs on
the remmiddotinder or ~-st si~ middotnd CCOPnio
LntGr it WS officibulllly exprnded into the
Gretcr E st middotsi- Co-Prosperity Sehemc ( a title
designed to cover up ~- scheme for completeJpmiddot nese
dominrtion of those -rcmiddots) -nd Jbullmiddotpmiddotn declmiddotred thrt
tris wbullmiddots tho ultimrte rurpose of the militcry
ocinpr ign
The sbullme org nizltions rs re mentioned in
Section 4 hereof were used for the ~bove purposes
SECTION 4
lrTHCDS CF CCRRTrTI(W tD C0RCINT Tmiddot CFH middotrm OTHltR OCClI~D T~RRITORI~s
Durin the whole period covered by this
Indictment succossive Jrpnese Governments through
their llilitmiddotry 11d nvrl commmiddotnders ~nd civilLn
(gents in Chinmiddot nd other territories which they
hmiddot d occupied or dt3signed to occupy pursued (l systemshy
r tic policy of wemiddotmiddotl-ening the nmiddottive inh-bitmiddotnts will
to re~ist by ~trocities middotnd cruelties by force nd
thre~ts of force by bribery nd corruption by
intrigue r mongst loo~ l poll ticirns nd generr ls by
directly bullnd indirectly eneourmiddotging inerebullsed proshy
duction middot nd importmiddotbulltion of opium nd other nmiddotrcotios
-nd by promoting the Sle nd consumption of such
drugs middotmong such peole middot The Jrpr- nose Govlt1rnment
secretly provided l 0 rge sums of noney which togotht
with bullrofits rroll thegovernment-sponsored tr~rrie
- 66
in opillll end other narcotics and othermiddot trading
ectivitiea in such areas frac12ere used by agents of the
Jananese government for all the above-mentioned
~urposes ~t the seme time the Japanese Government
was actively participating in the rroceedings of the
League of retions Co=ittee on Traffic in Opium and
other Dangerous Drugs and desrite her secret
activities above-mentioned professed to the frac12orld
to be co-operating fullj _with other meL1ber nations
in the enforcement of treaties governing traffi~ in
opiwi end other narcotics to which she was a party
This participation in end sponsorship of illicit
traffic in narcotics was effected through a number
of Japanese goverruiental organizations such as the
lenchurian Affairs Board the Chine Affairs Board
end the Southern Region Affairs Soard which were
combined in 1942 to form the Greeter East Asia
inistry and num-arous subsidiary organizations end
tradin~ companies in the various occunied end soshy
eelled independent (puppet) countries which were
ope~ated or su~ervised by senior officers or civilshy
ienjaProintees of the Army fnd the Navy
Further reve1Ue trom the above-mint ioned
traffic in opium end other narcotics was used to
finance the ~reparation for end waging of the wars
of aggression set forth in this Indictment and to
establish end finance the nuppet ~overnments set up
ly the Japanese overnmeht in the various occuried
territories
- 67 shy
SECTION 5
G-0YRL tgt- ~R TIt Fr1 middotR
Vtith a view to future wars of aggression and in
order to prevent other nations frolll interference in
her war cf aggression alre9dy in prog~ess against
China ~a~9n frorn 1st January 1932 onwards strength
ened her nsvel military nroductive End finenci9l
preperetions for war In particular but without
li~iting th0 above alle~ations
(e) t~VH
bout 29th December 1934 she denounc
ed the 1ashington lkvtl Treaty efter an
unsuccessful attenpt to persuade the other
Signatories to agree to a common upper
limit of global nrvsl tonnage for her own
obvious cdvvntege
bout 23rd J~ne 1936 she refused to
adhere to the London Nevel Treaty
On or about 12th February 1938 she
refused to reveal her nlbullVel building pl1cns
on request by the United St9tes Britein
~nd France
t rll times she secretly increased
her nev~l strength
middott Ell times end especiolly throughout
1941 she Made secret n~vrl plans for the
eurprise attacks which ultimetely toek
place on December 7th-8th 1941 on Pearl
Harbour Sngepore Hong Kong 11aye end
Sh~nghei Od for similer attacks on other
plscemiddots in the Pccific tnd Indien Ccens end
- 68 shy
and on the territocy of the Union or soviet
Socialist Republicsmiddot
(b) MILITARY
Japan continuall7 and progressivel7
increased the size of her arm7 not onl7 as
required for her war of ag~ression against
China but to a larger extent for the purshy
pose of other wars of aggression On the
6th April ~9amp9 she passed a general
Mobilization Law and tmreafter put it
into effect
(c) NAVAL AND MILITARY
Japan cont lnual 17 and progress i vel7
fortified th islands for which she held a
mandate from the League of Nations
Treat7 Articles violated 15 17
18 31
(d) PRODUCTIVE
Japan continuall7 ard progressivel7
increased her capacit7 tor the production
of munitions or war both on her Oiln tershy
ritor7 and in terrltories occupied or conshy
trolled b7 her to an extent greater than
was required for her war of aggression
against China for the purpose of other
wars of aggression
(e) FINANCIAL
The finance for all the above-mentioned
purposes was provided pa rtl7 through the
Budget b7 taxation partl7 by loans ani
partly from the profits of the exploit~ttons
bull - 69 shy
as described in Section 3 herect and
particular y of the sae of narcotics as
described in Section 4 hereof
SECTION 6
THE ORGANIZATIOll OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FlgtR WAR
Two provisions incorporated by ordinance or
custom in the Japanese constitution gave to the milishy
tarists the opportunity of gaining control over the
Governments which they seized during the period
covered by this Indictment
The first was that not only had ttw Chiefs of
Staff and other leaders of the Army ani Navy direct
access at all times to the Emperor but they had
the right to appoint am withdraw the War and Navy
Ministers 1n any Government Either of them could
thus prevent a Government from being formed or
bring about its fall after it was termed In Kay
1936 this power was further increased by a regulashy
tion that the Army and Navy Jlinisters must be senicr
Officers on the active 11st EG the fall of the
Yonai Government on 21st quly 1940 and of the Third
Konoye Government on the 16th October 1941 were in
fact brought about by the Army 1n each case they
were succeeded by Governments more subservient to
the wishes of the Army
Thbull seconi was that although the Diet had the
right to reject a Budget this did not give them
control because 1n that case thbull Budget of the
preceding year remained in force
- 70 shy
middotDurlnr thls middotperiod suchtree Porlie~cntary
lnstutiti~ns es preVi)USly existedwere rttdUnlly
stamped )Ut and a system simllti to the Fascist or
Nazi mooel introducedbullbullThis took derinite shllpe
with the f)rm~tion n 12th October 1940 of the
I11per1al_ Rule Asslsttnce AS9cintion am later or
the I11perlal Rule Assist~nco Political Society
Durlnr thi~ p~ri~ 0 virorus compain r inciteshy
ment to expansion was carried
on in themiddoteorlier
part t the period middotby individual writers end speakers
but rrnduolly this ceme to be orfanized by Government
artnc1es which elso stamped out tree speech tnd
writing by opponents ~r this policy A large number
t sctetics some secret wasalso rormed_both 1n
the Army end Nevy and amonr civilians with similar
objects Opposition to this policy wes also crushed by assassinations ~r lecding politicians who were
n)t considered surrtcicntly friendly to it ond by
rear end threats of middotsuch nssassinatioos The civil and especially the military poiice were else used to
suppress oppositi-m to the wnr policy
The educnti)nal systeos civil military and
nnval were used to ln~ulcate e spirit or totnlishy
t~rienis~ crgrcssion~ desire tor war cruelty and
hatred r ptential e~emies
Successive Japanese_ Governments from early 1n
1936 onwards cultlvcted close relati)ns with the
- 71 shy
totlitr-ri n iovers 1n Luro1gtc Germny rnd Itrly
which hrrboured simil~r designs in relrition to thmiddot
rest middotor the world to those of J~pn in relrtion tomiddot
--~st middotstmiddotmiddot ~nd the Indirnmiddot rrtd Tltc1t1o Ocerns bull
On ToveJ11ber 25th 1936 middotthey signed tli ntishy
Comitermiddotn Pc otmiddot--~ith r middot~e~ret middotJmiddototo~oi nd r Aecret
ilitry Trt1ty directed osmiddott~n~1t1 cgdnst tho U~i6n of Soviot cod11~t ~epubHca i-nci ccimmunis111
~ but ( oturlly designed ~ lso a ( prelude to joint
~gressivc rotion ~n rcnerr 1
v~rious countries under th domin--tion of middotxis middot - ~ -~ bullbull
Powers including the lUppot govrnments of Jnnshy middot1middot bull shy
chukuo _~nd th~ Nr nking Regime in Chinr wer~ degdmi ttlt
to the ~nti7Comintcrn lot
middotuust 1939 extensivE-negotitons werecondilctampd
between J~n r-erm~_ny_~nd Itr-ly rorthe estbullblishbull
ment ofmiddotn econoru9 politiccl bullnd militbullry cllince
On 26th urust 1939 Jmiddot prri throufh her rubrs~
a~dor in 1fshineton ssured middotthe United Stf tea of
Jllericr tht she hbull d decided to b~ndon ny further
negotirtions with middotrerlilny nd Itrlymiddot relctive to
closer rel(tions under the middot nti-Cornintern Jgtbullct bull
rrefoti- tions between Jmiddotpn nd middotGerm ny for the
esteblistmGnt of middotmiddotn econonic politicmiddot l ~nd milikry
pound111nce were resumed in July 1940
Between 13th middot_ugmicrost nd 22nd September 1940
rfterthe rmistice in June 1940 between Germrny
rntl the middotut~oritylimiddotter to be knownFs ths Vichy
1rovernmerit of Fr~ nee subservient to Germ~middotny nd
bullfter the occupction by Germmiddotny of 1( rge prrt of
- 72 shy
frr nee Japan inciuced and_ coerc~d the general gover
ment of Frenchmiddot Ineo-China to enter intomiddot agreements
with herfor mUitary end econ~mic concessions inmiddot
that country and especially the northern parttliere-
of On 22nd-September 1940notwithlltanding agree
ments aigned onthe samedey Ja-enesetroops
attacked French Inda-Chinese uni ts and were met thmiddot
strong re$lstance
en 27th Se)tember 194Q Japan signed the Trishy
Partite Jact vith Germny and ltaly middot
In theearly pert of 1941 Jepentaking advantshy
age or a bounclary dispute raised by heiland against
French Indo-China purported to ect es mediator or
erbitrator_therein butactually brdughtebout a
settlement unduly fevoureble to Thailand middotwith amiddotview
toobtaining heraidin or submission to future
aegression end atthe serre time madefurthermiddotdemands
for military and econonic concessions in French middot
lndo-China bull~be said settlements were finally conshy
cluded on 6th-9th imiddotay 1941
Collllencinlmiddot in the middotletter nertmiddot of February 1941middot
Jel)en and Ger111any conducted negotiations on the
subjept of oint Elli tary ction against middotlgtLgapore
and the territor~ of ot)ler Nations_
On 1st July 1941 German Italy and ell middot middot
Governments subservient to- them inother European
countries at the request of Jepan recognized the
so-called National Government of middotthe Republic ofbull ~
China
On the 12th July 1940 a Friendship Treaty bullmiddotas
signed between Jepan and Thailand
- 7J shy
7romJay to July 1941 Japan further induced
end coerced the general ~overnment or French Indoshy
China to allow Jananese troops to land establish
naval and air baaas end ~enerelly obtain control
over qouthern lrench Indo-China The main purose
on this occasion wee toprovide bases for aggression
directly against the Pritish Common-vealth or lTetions
end the Dutch est Indios and indirectly against
the United States of merica The said agreements
were finally concluded on July 21st and 29th 1941
on which date Japanese forces landed at Saigon
established navel and air bases end generally took
control ofFrench Inda-Chine
Throughout the ebove~mentioned dealings with
Freech Indo-Chine Je~en used the help or Germany and
Italy by coercion upon the Vichy Government cs well
es direct threats or ill6gel force to ettein her
ends
By way o reaction to this aggression and threat
tf furtheraggression the United States of merica
on July 25th end Great Britoin on July 26th froze
the assets ofJapan and Chinemiddotunder their control
rnd opplied other eoon01110 middotpressure agdnst Jcpan
On 25th Tovembermiddot 1941 Jsp1n renewed thlt ~ntishy
Oollintaln rgtect with secret clausesmiddot
Cn ormiddotobout tho let DecGL1ber~ 1941 Jopen
invokillP the Tri-ortite Poet requested Germany nd
Itcly to declare War on the United States after the
beginning of hostilities end tht1t a No middotseperilte
Peace Treety be entered into
On 5th December 1941 Jep4iressured the United
- 74 shy
Stetos ot merico thrt troop movements in French
I_ndo-China were Drecautionery masures
On December 7th-8th 1941 Jspen mPdesurprise
rttecks on territories ot the United States ot
merica the British_ Commonwuelth ot Nctions l1nd
Thdlond usin~ in tbe two latter coses French Indtgtshy
Chinr~ br ee s
Cn the 11th Deceiibcr 1941 Jc pen_ Germiiny rnd
Itrl signed to opbullrbull to Totce rr ct
On 18th Jiinurry 1942 middotc rili ter1 Convention
botween Jbullmiddotn~n cermrny bull_middotnd Itrly wrs signed in Berlin
From 19)6 to 1945 close milittr ncvtl econshy
omic nd diplomc tic co-oper~ tion rmiddotnd oxch nge ot
intormrtion were maintcfned between the r bove three
oountriea t the request ot ~ermnn Jpon trom
the b~ginning ot the wr on December 7th-8th 1941
rdoptcd the Germn polic~ ot r~thless submrrina
Wtrt~re middotnd the destruction or crevs or ships sunk
or o-ptured
By the thre~tenins middotrttitude bullhich Jrprmiddotn mdnshy
tc ined tro111 19)9 to 1941 grinst the Uni_ted Stmiddottoa
or bulliaeriobull the British Cocimonwe~lth otNtions
the Kingdom ot the letherlrnds no the Rerublic ot
Frnce middotnd trommiddot1939 to 1945 (g~inst the Union ot
Soviet Seel~ list Republics 1d by her incru- sing
oonccntrtion ot tr~o~s in regions oonv~nient tor
middotrttrcks Ul)on them she dirtctly bullmiddotssisted Germmiddotny
nd Itnly in their middotw- rs tginst those n tions even
while she rem~inpoundd nominrlly neutrrl
- 75 shy
SECTION 8bull
jGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION-
In the course of many years Japan was continushy
ally preparing war a11d performing11cts of aggressionmiddot
against the Soviet Unhn
bull bull1bull Having faHed ~ he-middot attempt Jo capturemiddot the
Soviet Far East in the period between 19181922 bull
Japan did n~t apan1on the idlao~capturingthe
Soviet areas situated east of theLake-Seykalmiddot
SincltJ 1928 the Japanese GereaJ Steff hld been
planning a war of egfressim against the Union of
Sbullviet ~ocial1~t Republics eager to take advantage
of a chance to start this waz bull
An importrt step ii- th1preparetion nfa war ~
of aggression arainst the Union of Soviet Sochlist1
Republics was t~El ocltupation_of lanchur1a~ 1931 _bull
which a~ we_l~ as KGrea was transformed into a mili 1
tary base for a1tacking the Unio~ or icvi_et SociRlist
Republics in a numbPr of years Railroads and_ highshy
ways vere constructe~ in anchuria after l93~ of
stratPgic importancmiddote and ran towards the frontier of
the Union of Soviet Sociali~~ Rep1bl1cs The -bull
strength of the Kwantung Army ha~ been jncreased middot ~~~ bull bull~ middot _~ J_~j -- --~
from twa divisions in 1931 to fifteen in l94~ bull ~ ~) 1 - ~
A great number of new airfields fort1f1e~ gt middotmiddotmiddot_- ~~middot~
areas dumps barracks sea and river ports destined bullbull bull ~middot bull i ~ middot t lt bull - bullbull bull bull bull
to serve in the war of aggression against the Unicn bull bull bull J bullbullbull - bull bull bull bull bull - ~
of Soviet Social~st Republics were built
In ~anchuria the war industry develop~d at a
fast rate Areas adjacent to the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics frontier were being colonized
- 6 shy
by Japanesereservists with the purpose of strengthshy
middotening the Kwantung lrmyat the moment of mobilizashy
tion Propaganda in the press b radio etc r
directed against the Soviet Union was carried on
111tenselr middotOn Lanchurian-territormiddot Japan organized
and supportedmiddot on a large middotscale ehments from lussian
emigrants hostile to theSoviet Union and prepared
them for hostilemiddotects againstthe Union ofSoviet
Socialist 1epublicsJapan systematically organized
armed middotolasheson the frontierand organized acts of
sabotafe-end terrortstmiddotacts onthe Chinese Eastern
Railroad
InJ9J2 Jaian twice rejected the proposal of
the Union ot Soviet Socialist Republics to conclude
a non-aggression pact
in 1938 Jlpan without declaring war attacked middot
th~ territory of the seviet Union at the Lake hassan
In 19)9 Japan again witheut declaration of war
at tacked the terli tory of themiddot ~middotongolian Peoplemiddot s middot
RepubUc en ally of the rrnion of Sovietmiddot Socialistmiddot
Republics at the Halkin-Gol Rlver (Naoanhan) and
engaged the ongolian Peole s Republic armybull and bull
its allied Red Ar11y bull In both cases Japan pursued the
aim of reconnoitrine themiddot strength of the Rad Jrmy bymiddot
battle and capturing strategic positions for future
war against the trnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
Having been repulsed twice and having sufferedheavy
losses Jmiddotmiddotpan nevertheless did notmiddot stop the preparashy
tiors fora sur~rise attac~ ~gainst the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics
hile Preparinl for the war against the Soviet
- 77 shy
Union Japan during several years carried on
negotiations with Hitlerite Germany end Fascist Itel
on a j~int aggression The principal stages in
this plot or aggressors were the conclusion of the
so-called Anti-Comintern Pact in 1936 and the sirnillf
of the Tri-Partite Pact or Japan Germany and Italy
in 1940 the aim or which was joint aggressive actio1
of these countries against democratic powers among
them the Vnion ~rsvviet $ocielist Republics
In ~rch 1941 while being in Berlin ror the
purpose of plotting with Hitler about e joint aggres
siort against democratic countries thedefendant
~tsuoka was informed by the German _goverllGlent about
preparations by the latter for war against the Uni~n
or Soviet Sociellst Republics s early as t_he
beginnlng or July following e conclusion of the
pact or neutrality on behalf of Japan on 13th April
1941 after the treacherous attack or Germany
egainst the Union or 9oviet socialist Ra~ublics
1atsuoka officially declared to the soviet Ambusedor
in Tokyo that the principal bas1s of the Japanese
foreign policy was the alliance with Germany and
that in case Germany addressed Japan with a request_
for tielp the J)ict middot of neutralty withmiddot the Utiioa ot
Soviet Socialist Republics would not present an
obstacle for Jepen to wege war on the side or
Germ~ny In accordance withthis the governing
militarist clique in lapen in the bullholecourse of
the buller betYlteen Germony end the Union of Soviet
Socialist_Re~ublics wes openly hostile towrrds the
~oviet Unionmiddot maintained a selecte3 arriy on the
- 78 shy
Soviet rront1ers end wes an orgrnizer or a widespreed
prorgrnda aea111st tho Soviet TTnion Jopan octively
helped ~itlariteGermeny providing her with
intormatiqn regording the un~n or Soviet S~c1clist
Republics orgonized pirote ettscks on Soviet merchtnt
shiplling in_ the Far Etat by closing straits estbullmiddotbshy
lishing prohibited zones tnd speciol limited wetershy
weys
To render help to GerlIEny J~ptbulln after Germsnyts
ettack egcinst the Union or Soviet Socielist
Republics in the S111111ler or 1941 doubled the strength
of her E1rmy in rnchuria nnd leter on brought the
strength of this irmy to r million men which necesshy
sitated mrintdning considerrble forces in the Fmiddotr
Eest by the Sevit Union inste~d of using them in the
wrr ig~inet Germnny
In the s0 me summer or 1941 Jfpfn v10rked out e
new Tll~n of surprise rttrck egeinst the Union of
Roviet Socialist 1epublics ~nd kept the Kwentung
Army fully prepred torsuch en cttock She w~s preshy
vented from it not by the poet or neutrality which
i s 1t llll Y be sampen from bove Jeuroptn diregrrded but
b)middotthe successes or the forces or the nnion of Soviet
Socirlist Republics in the w~r fgoinst Germany
SECTIC1 9
JATAfp lFlt TTlTITED S~TES CF fERJCbull TH cr1bullQ1TELTH OF TFE II IPrnns TI ft+ BltITISif cc MOELTH OF rJ TIONS
The whole of the other Sectiols or this ppendix
iro relevrmiddotnt to this Section rnd ere not ropectad
here
bull 79 shy
I
From 1931 until Lecember 1941 relctlons betwee1
Jopn middoton the ona Jr nd rnd the United Stotes of mer le
rnd Gret Brltcln on the other continuously detershy
lorotcd bacruse of Jrrr~s ~g~esslon in E~st ~sir
rnd duplicity in lnternrtionil neeotictlonsmiddot
The TTnlted Stotes of 11erioo rnd 8remiddott Britin
frecuently prctested thct J~prn s militory opehtions
were~ violtion of the provisions of the trecties
mentioned in Count middot2 hereof nd celled the ettentlon
of beth Chine md J~prn to their obligctmiddotions thereshy
under They ~1so declcred thct they would not recogshy
nize ~ny situmiddottion in ianchurlc or elsewhere brought
obout by violrtions thereof
J~pi-n in unequivoc-l tertlS grve rssurrnces thst
she h~d no territori~l mbitions in ChinL thrt she
would respect the open door policy in Chino In
spite of these c siiurbull noes she set up r -puppet
regie in lnchukuo nd proceeded to close the doer
to the TTni ted st tes of middotnericl End British tr11de
ffter tlte consolidrtipn of the linchurin posishy
tion Jln continued her ggressive policy in Est
sir in spite of ossurrncqs tht she hcd no terrishy
toriel ~mbitlons eouth of the Gret frll
The tnited 5tltes uid Grebullt Britdn 1ndervoured
to convince Jp n th~middott her bast interests lY in
perce but it wr-s cler from her Ctions tht she
intended to resort to force to gla neighbouring
countries end territories
During 1935 Jmiddotp-n incrasad hEr mllitrry nd
llfvrl strength middotnd undertook limited militrry
ctivities to extnd her damintion over Chimmiddot The
- 80 shy
United States of America and Great ~ritain continued
to draw Japans attention to her treaty obUgations
but this had no effect on her military activities
In 1936 the United States of America endeavourshy
ed to get Japan to agree to the principle of eauality
in commercial and industrial sp~eres and not to
resort to force to obtain preferential rights This
was also rejected by Japan
In 1937 Japan declared that the principles of
international relationship propounded by the United
States of America were consistent with her own but
qualified this by stating that the objectives could
only be obtained by an understanding of ~he particushy
lar circumstances of the East In 1937 Japan comshy
Ienced further military aggression in China and soon
thereafter the United States of America l)ffered her
good offices in the dispute and appealed to both
parties to refrain from war This ofter wes not
accepted by Japan and the appeal had no effect In
the same year Japan refused an invitation to attend
the Brussels Conference called under the provisions
of the Nine-Power Treaty On August 26th 1937
Japanese forces attacked cars belonging to the
British Embassy in China and on December 12th
attacked warships belonging to the United States of
AMerica and Great Britain on the Yangtze
At the end of 1938 Japan procl~ined her policy
of a new order in 3ast Asia end refused to ~ive any
unconditio~al assurance that the open dnor policy
in China would be maintained
Thereafter many interferences by Japan in
- 81 shy
Jtprnoso controlled territories with the rights or
the United States or ~Aeries end British netonels
took place end in July 1939 the United States or
America gave notice or terminetion or the 1911
commercial Treaty ~it~ Jeen
In September +940 after Japans military
alliance vi th Germany and Italy the United State
ot lmerica was forcedmiddotto place limitations on the
export of iron steel and raY materials to Japan
In arch 1941 conversations between the
Japanese ambassador in - eshington end the United
States Secretary or State took ~lace in an endeavour
bl the ~Tnited States to se~tle outstanding differshy
ences ano to reach a peaceful settlement ihile
these vrere proceeding Jepen continued at e feverish
pace to prepare for war At an Imp~rial Conference
on 2nd July the decision to advance southward
obviously directed against the United States of
America the Kingdom of the Netherlands end the
British CoAmonweelth was reached At a further
Conference on 6th Se~tecber it was decided to open
hostilities against the llited States of America
Great Britain end the letherlends in case the requireshy
ments ot Japan seemed unlikely to be realized by
B901B time clurinf tbe first part cf October On 1st
December a further Conference definitely decided on
war The decisions of the two lest-mentioned Confer-middot
encee were kept secret Cn 7th-8th December 1941
while negotiaticns were still proceeding Japan med~
surprise attacks on territories of the United amptetee
of Anerica et earl arbour of the British Commonshy
- 82 shy
weelth of Nations at Singapore elaya Hong Kong
and Sh~nrhai of the Commonwealth of the Philippines
and of Thailand She delivered no declaration of
war andmiddot to the ritish Commonvealth o~ Tations or
to the Conmonwealth of the ~hilippines no document
ot any kind To the United States of America she
delivered after the etteck a document which did
not end was not intended to cmount to a decleretion
of war
Stie entirslmiddot disregarded all the other Treaty
obligations r-ferred to in Counts 7 and 8 hereof
SOCTJCH 10
Tbe Netherlands ~ast Indies and tnemiddotPortugese
~ortion of the Islend of Ti111or were within the erea
coveted b Japm and described by her tis the Greeter
East ~sie Co-ProsNrity Sphere
In addition to thf general treaties binding
Jepan not to atteck these areas Treaty rticles Nos
20 and 21 refer respectively to these naticns in
terms Ja)en also rod a treat with the Hetrerlands
repardirP the ~est Indies which she denounced on the
12th June 1940 in preparation fer aggression
agai~st them At that time tre hom~land of the
Nethorlends had been recently and treacherously
()Ver-run by JrpaQ s ally Ger111eny end the Dutch
GoverrJJ1ent hbull d been corrpollcd to seek refuge in
ngland Thereefter Je_J n endeavoured to compel thrt
Government to agree toe new treaty on terms unduly
- SJ shy
fovcurable to Japcn but they wore unwilling to do
se The prcperet1ons of Jepcn fore general cggresshy
s1ve wcr in the Fer East included en intention to
invede the c~herlonds tost Indies The occupation
by Jbullpbullmiddotn or French Indo-Ch lna complete in July
1941 end the attecks upon territories of the United
States of tmcricc end tho British Commonwealth of
~rftions on the 7th-8th December 1941 were till prrt
of t plen which ircludcd t n inve sion of the Nethershy
lends r~st Indies This wes spcc1ficclly one of tho
d~cisions of the Jcponeso Imperial Conference of the
6th Se~tember 1941 Consequently the Natherlonds
Government irm~d1ately nfter the lest mentioned
cttacks declrred war on Jepen in self-defence
On tho 11th Janucry 1942 Jepcn invaded and
therefter repidly occupied the retherlcnds East
Indies
On 19th February 1942 Jepcn without ~ny
pretence of right or of eny quarrel vi th the itepublic
of Portugcl invRded ~ortugese Timor end occupiGd
it for the purpose of crrrying on her cggreseive
wcr egeinst ell the ~llied n~tions bull
ll4 shy
APPENDIX B
List of ~rticles of Trenties violated by JrponClld incorporcted in Groups One rndTwe
The Convention tor the Frcific Settlement of Intershy
nc-tion1l Dielutes sigmmiddotd t The Hegue 29 July 1899
The srid Convention wis signed nd r~tifiod
by or on behflf of J-n(n Cnd each of the ~ritions
middot britlf ing thf ct rrgcs in thfs Ind1 ctmltrnt subject to
oGrtotn rcscrvrt1ons not here motoriol
1 Article I
With P view to obvhting rs fr s possiblt-
recourse to force in tho rel~tions between Stctes
the Signrtory Powers rgree to uso their best efforts
to ensure th6 pecific settlcment of internitioncl
differences
2 Article II
In cesemiddotor serious disrgreemant or conflict
before tn bullmiddotppctgt 1 to rrciv middottlle Signr tory Yowers t gree
to middothrve reccurse rs fr rs circwnstbullnoes nllow to
the good offices or medi tion of enc or more friendly0
owers
The Convention tor the ~~eifio Settlement or Intershy
n~tionrl Usputes signed rt the Erguo 18 Ootobor
The sdd Convention ws signea nd rrtitied by
or on behrlf of Jrpmiddotn ~nd ec-ch of the nrtions bringshy
ing the Chfrges in this Indictment with the exception
or the United Kingdom rnd the Union of lgtoviet
Socirlist Republics a-ubject to eertcin reservtions
not here 112tcrimiddotl
bull 85 bull
trtiole 1
With c view to obvirting ~a for ~s possible
recourse to force in the relrtionsmiddotbetw~on Stntes
the Contr~oting ~owers rgree to use their best
offorts to ensure the pr oifio settlemcnt of lntarshy
nrtionrl differences
i rticle 2
In cnse of serious discgreenpoundnt pr dispute
beforc ~n ebulll to ~rms the Contrreting ewers
ogree to hi)ve recourse rs fer cs eiroumstnnoes
rllow to the good 01fioes or medirtionmiddot of one or
nore friendly nowers~
The Hegue Convrntioi lJo III Relmiddottive to the opening
of ~ostilities 1 signsd 18 October 1907
The sold Convention wns signed rnd rrtified by
or on bGhrlf of Jcprn rnd eoch of the notions bringshy
ing tho ohrrgo in this Indictment
rticle I
The Contrrctlng rowers recognize the t host11shy
1tie~ between thrimselvesmiddotmust not co=enoe without
previous Pnd ~xpl1cit ~rrn_ing in the form cltheuror cf
re~ soned declrrtio_n of w~ r middot or of en ultim tllll
with oondition~lmiddotdeolrrrt1cri of wtr
ierr~runt effected by cxohrngo of notes between the
nnitod st~tes bullnd Jrprn 1 signed JO November 1908 1
dGolnrine their policy in the F(lr 0rst
6 2 The Polley of both Governments unlnrlucncshy
ed by rny ~ggreee1ve tendencies ls Olrectod tomiddottho
ll~~JlAC~ ot th( cx1 stDe 41t-tus quo in tho region
f bove-mntloned nd to the defence cf fhe- J)rfao1Jlle
of ()quol opportunity for ciimmercend industry_in
bull 86 shy
Chino
7 3 They ere cccordingly firmly resolved
reciprocmiddotlly to respect the territoriel posssssions
belongint tc ec ch other in said r1agion
8 4 Thy rre clsc deterllined to preserve the
con11on interest or Fell Joyers in Chine by supporting
b~middot l )Citic nens bullt thsir dispos11 the independshy
ence fDd integri ty or Chin End the prinCiJ)l6 or
equel opportunity for cocrerce rn~ incustry or rll
nbullmiddottions in thrt Lipire
9 5 Srould ~ny event occur threrteningmiddotthe
st~tus ouo rs ~-hove described ormiddot the principle or eou~l o~~ortunit~ cs rbove derinedit reragtins for
the two iovernmcnts to coanunicr te with each otbcr
in order to rrrive ~t rn underst~nding es to whet
L1ersures thty mry consider it useful to tcke
The Convention ~nd ~inrl rotocol ror the Suppressio
of the buse cf rpillil nd other DruRs 1 si~ned et
The rbue 23 Jnurry 1912 rnd 9 July 1913
10 Tht sid Convention wrs signed nd rrtified by
middot or on bchr lf of Jrp n r nd ech of the n tions br~shy
ing the chmiddotrees in this Indictnent
Tt c Tremiddotmiddottv of Jefce between tha -bulllliod rnd bullssocimiddotte
Powers rnd GErmlt1ny I signed t Versmiddotillee 1 28 June
1919 known ~-s th Versilles TreEtY
Ii rticle 10 of the Coven nt of tho Legue of
Nmiddottions
The bullclbers of th Lagu undertbullmiddotke to rGspect
middotr-nd preserve bulls middotgrinst extern-1 -ggression the
tcrritoril inteigtrity middot nd existirw polltic-1 indeshy
Tendencs of ~ 11 Jbers of the ler gue In ctse of
any such aggraeaion or in case of any threat or
danger ot such aggression the Council shall advise
upon the Jlleen~ by which this oblitation shall be
tultill6d
12 ~rticle 12 ot the Covenant of the League ot
Pat ions
The lenbers ot the League agree that 11 there
should arise bateen them any fis~ute likely to lead
to a rupture they will subLlit themiddotmatter either to
arbitration or to enquirf by the Council end they
agree in no case to resort to war until three t10nths
after tte ewerd ~Y the arbitrators or themiddotreport by
the Council
l) ert1cle 13 of the Covenent ot the leepue ot
Netione
Tbe embers ot the League aeree that whenever
any ~ls~ute ehall arise between them which they
recognize to be suitable tor suboission to
arbitration end which cannot be satisfactorily settled by diplomacy they will subnt the whole
subject n1Stter to arbitration
Disputes es to the interpretation ot s tresty
as to any euestion or internati~nel law es to the
existence ot any tact which it established would
constitute a ))reach of any international obligation
or es to the extent end nature of the reparation to
be oede tor any such ireech ere declared to be
among those which ere generally suitable tor subshy
111~ ssion to erbitretion
For the consideration of any such clis ute the
eourt of arbitration to which-the case is referred
- 88 shy
~hall be the court erreed on by_ the rarties ~o the
disrute or stiuletec n any convention existing
middot between then
The middotemters or tlle League erree that they will
carry out in fuil ood taith eny av1ard thut iray be
rendered tnlI t~et ther will not resort tower I
against a ember of the league which COll)lies thereshy
with In the event of any failure to carry out such
award the Council shell rropose hhet steps should
middotbe taken to rive effect thereto
14 rtcle 15 of t~e Ccvrnrnt of tte leeeue of
Naticns
If there stould criss betveen embGrs of the
League any ciisgtute lHelJmiddot to lead toe rupture
which is not submitted to arbitration in accordance
with ~rticle lJ the elbers of the league agree
tJiat tJie will tutt the rntter to tte council
Any rortr to the lllsutc 11ey effect igtuch subuislicn
by Pivin~ notice of the existence of the dis~ute to
the ~ecretery-ener11l who hill reke ell nccesslry
arrange bullents for a full investiration and considershy
ation ttereof
ror this ~urncse the nerties to the disnute will
cc~middotaunicete tc the Secretary-Glmiddotnerel es rrolptly as
noeeible stetebullbullnte of their cesa ~1th all the
rtlGvent facts enc papers nd the Council ra foLth- middot
bull1th dir~ct the publicetion thereof
Tte Councl lF 11 nc1eivour _to effect a settleshy
ment of the diE-uts and if such Gfforts fre succoisshy
ful e statGmont ehll t1 ntgtdlt ublic giviie such
ftcts rd elJlanlt l onE rcr[)rdinc tlc disuto igtnd the
- 89 shy
tmiddoteramp1s or settlement therampcr s ttdeg Council EJ deem
s~~rorriete
Jr the dis~utc is not tt-us settled ~he louncil
either un~ninously er by G Ecjority vote shell mcbullEl
c-nd rublish e rellort contllinin tmiddot stcter-ampnt cf thamp
fects of tlo dis~utE bullnd the recorncndticns which
Pr~ deemed just rnd nroner in rcvrd thereto
Any middotmbcr of the Llt-egue rmiddotprcscntd on ths I
Council m~y P-~kc ~ublic e stcte~cnt or tho frets of
the disutc End of its conclusions rcgrding ths
s_fie
If rerort bmiddot the Colllcil is uncnifilously rgrscd
to by the lllbcrs ttereof ether thln the tcprampsampnteshy
tives of on_ er -ore ot ttmiddot rtics to the dispute
the Cecbers ot middot the Lru( bullerco thit they will not
go tc wpound-r Fi tl bullny i~rty to the disrutc which corshy
plics with the rccomntnd tions of tbr rport
If th~ Council r~ ils to re~cr reort which is
unr nirlously greed to b tt~ llCrtLtors thereof o thcr
ttn ttc llrescntitivcs or one or ore of the
p rtics tcgt tt disute t1 l-scbrs cf the Lc~guc
rltscrvc to thelIS-lves th rieht to tki sue bullcti_on
rs tlcy shrmiddotll _consi~cr nccess~ry for the llmiddotiritnbull ncG
of right cncI justice
-r ttn dis~utc bctwccn the irti s is clriracd
by one of thu1 ne is found by the Council to rist
out of ~ a-ttr Nhich by intcrntionJl l~w is solrily
within th~ doJiestic jurisdiction oi th~t pmiddotrty th
Council Eh 11 so rlcrt nd shJ l u- kC no recoshy
P--nd-tion -S to its- settlcnent
r Council JI ~middot ii ny c-- sc undar this
- cc- shy
rticle refer the dispute tc he Assenbly T~e
dlspite shall be sc rcierre1 at t1e recniest of
elt--er party to t1e dis)ute provided that su~h a
reouest be 1iade within fourteen days after the sushy
miss icn cf tie dispvte to the Council
In any case referredmiddot to the Assembl7 all te
provisions cf t1is middotrticle cnd cf Article 12 relat-
ing to the action a-d povPgts cf the Cciuntil scwll
apply -to the action and povrers of the Asser1bly proshy
vided that a report ade by the Assembly if con-
curred in middotbmiddotr the Representatives of those --embers
of t1e Leale re pres ted on the Counc 11 and of a
1ajorit of the othrr middotembers of t1e eaeue c~shy
~lus ive in each case of Representatives of the
parties to the tisputc shall have the saLe force as
a report by the Cou1~il concurrPd in by all the
fieiS thereof othEr than the Rerescntatives of
one or more of the ltJrties tc the disp1te 11
15 Article 22 oft~~ Coven~ntmiddot cf the League of
1-ations
Other peoples especially those of Central
Africa are at such o staJe that the ~ndatory must
be resgtons ible for the aduiis trat ion of the terri tor
urner contitions which wi l ruarantee freec)om cf
ccnscence nnd rel1 middotior SJb Je~t cnly to the ma1ntenshy
cnce cf pc1llJic order end ncrals the prohl1Jitin
of abses sue as t1-middot slave tracc tllc arns tra~ tc
an the-liuor rotfic and the prevent1gtn of the
establishment of fortifications or mllitnry am
na7al bases and of mil1tar trpoundinin of thL natives
for ither than police purposes and the defence of
territor and u1ll aisc secure ebulluai opportunities
- 1 shy
~ tht trrde net oonmcrc ot othr iombcrs ot the
Le~gu- Tter1 ~re tarritories such a South-Jcst
trio~ nd 011rtmiddotin or tho South Jrc1r1c Isl~ nds
hioh owilltl to the ep-rsoncss or their populmiddot tion
or their sror 11 size or their rcr10toness from the
centr6s er c1v1Uz-t1on or their googr-phiol oonshy
t1~middot11ty to the territory or t)s Lmiddotndmiddott_ory bullnd other
oircumstrmiddotnoos or n be best rmiddotdm1n1 starrd under the
l~ws ot th G l-nd tory s 1ntq_trbull l nort1ons or 1ts
territory subject to the s togur rds -_bovo-ncntionod
in the interests or the indigenous popul tion
16 bullrtiole 2J (c) of th~ Covcn nt of the Lemiddotguo of
rrtons
SubjGdegct to nd in ~ ccord nee vith bull the provisions
ot intern ticn middotmiddot l conventions existing or heremiddot ttcr
to bo middot eroed U1on th middotmlicrs ot the lergue bullbullbullbullbull
( o) will entrust tho le guc with thebull gonor l
supervision over the execution of middotgrccmnts v11 th
regmiddot rd to tt e tr trio in WOll3n middot nltJ children middot nd ths
trrric in oiun middotncl othilr d~nFcrcus drugs
Tht l-ndrt- frol tt Lemiddot rue of ~Tbullt5ons pursubullmiddotnt to
t1c Vcrsmiddot 111-s Trcbulltz irde bullt Gcnor 17 kccnbcr 19n
17 bullrticlc )
The lbullnd-tory shll see th t the slmiddotve trmiddotde
is prohibited bullnd th t no forccd lbullbour is porll1tttd
axcopt for esscntimiddotl ublic works ~nd sorvicos ~nd
then onlr formiddot dequ tc romunormiddottion
18 rticli 4 The 1111litc-ry tr ining cf the n t1veuros othtrvise
thmiddotn for ~urpseuros or int~rnbulll ~olioc middotnd the loc 1
- 92 bull middot
detonco ot th t1arritory sh 11 be prohibited
Furthermore no mllitbullry or rmiddotvmiddot l bsos shmiddotll bo
ostblished or tortitiotions orec~cd in the
territory
Tremiddotty botv1ecn th( British Ccllllonmiddot olth middotor n t10middot1s 1
Trnce 1 Jbullmiddotp n nrgt thlt Unitod Str-tcs or llmiddotmiddotric
middot relmiddot tin to thclr Insulr possessions nd middot~nsulmiddotr
pominions n the P-middot oiflc Ccebulln 1 lJ December 1921
The H rGmiddotti W s middotsiend ne rr tlfi1d by the
~ifn tory olcre
19 middotrticlc I
Th Hi~t Contrmiddot ctlne middotrtits grce is bltlt106n
thsmsolves to rcs)oct thdr r_ifhts in rel tion to
their insulr roescssions middotnt ineul r dorunions in
the middotregion o~ the 7 citic Dcemiddotmiddotn
It then should develop betwein ny of the High
Contrbull ctinr ~rtics bull controvCrs rising out or ny
- cific question middot nc involving their srmiddotid rights
thiih ii not smiddot tisf ctorily settled by diploti cy nd
is likely to bulltfect tho he raonlous middotmiddot ccord now hmiddotmiddotppily
subsistinc between ttcm they sholl invite the othir
Hh Contr~ctinr ---rtibulls to joini Contorcnco io
middot vHct tl~ hcl subjlot will be refrrcd tor conshy
sidermiddot tion nit middotdiu~tmnt
Identic Corrunicmiddot ticn ri-do to tb lfothrlmiddotnds Govzrnshy
ment on 4 Fzbrumiddotmiddotrmiddot 1922 on b~hmiddot 11 of thbull- ~middotritish i
Cornnonwe-lth of nmiddotmiddottions middot nd lso mutbulltis mut ndis
on behmiddot lt cf Jmiddotr-n nlt thamp othr --~~era signmiddot tory
to th -~umiddotdrunlr cific Tremiddot ty ot 13 Decltaber 1921
stmiddotmiddottes thbullt shy 20 Ths N1gtthcrbnds not bain sifO tory to tt smiddot fd
- 9~ shy
Tre middotty middotmiddotnci t_h~ Ncthrl nds possession in the region
ot-thc P~riific Ccern thErcforc not being includ~d
in the bullgrccmcnt ref~rred to His Britnnic t~J~stys
Govarnmrnt nxious to for0 stmiddot ll ny conclusion conshy
trmiddot ry to ths sirit of the Trcbullty desires to dGcl~rlt
thnt it is firml~middot r0solvcd to respect tho rights of
the Ncthcrlbullnds in rslmiddottion to ctr insulmiddotmiddotr posscdshy
sions in the region of the Pmiddotcific 0cc n
Idcntic Communic tien 11dE to the ortugucsG Govurnshy
mcnt on 6 Fcbrumiddotri 1922 on behlf of tho British
on b~hmiddot lf of Jbull T n nc th othn owers slpn tory to
the ~u-ar~lE Tclf4 c Tr0middotmiddottbullmiddot cf 13 Decu1ber 1921
stmiddottes th t shy
2~ ~ho ortuguesE not beinp signmiddottory to the s id
-Trebullty nd the ~ortusucsc ~ossess~ons in the region
of the ~~cific Ccc1n therefore not being included
in tte middotgreencnt rsLrrd to E Brlthnic middot jcity s
Government nxioupound to forEJst11 ny conclusion
ccntrbullry tc th fririt of the Trcmiddot t) desires to
acclmiddot re th middotj it is firrillmiddot rosolvcd to respect thfgt
rights of nortugmiddot 1 in rel tion to hor insubr posshy
sessions in th~ i-rion of th TLcific Ccern
Ttc rebull ty bftweon the TTnitcd Stmiddot tcs of lcricr the
Pritish Comcnvomiddotlth oftmiddotmiddot t0ns tlgiuM Chin-
Yrrnc~ Itbullly JmiddotTmiddotn the N~thcrlmiddotnas nd Portupmiddotl
concludedmiddot~~ ~igns~ t middotmiddot~shin~ton 6 P~brumiddot ~y 1922
~c 2middotmiddotid retmiddot wf siv1d middotnd rrtifLd b~middot or on
lmiddot lf cf TbullO-n middot ni middot ct 01 th~ n ticr5 brireine thlt- bull
ctmiddotrPt~ in ttls I~dictntnt ~Ith t~L czc~ption of th~
- 91 shy
Union middotof Sovi~t Sooiel1et Re1ubllcs middot
Article I
Themiddot Contractin~ rowers other than China
eereebull
22 bull ( l) Tu reseot middotthe sovereifnty the independshy
ence end the territorill adilinhtrstive integrity
ot China
2J ( 2) To )rovide ihe tullest and nost unem-
berraesed oportunity toCh1na tc develop end mainshy
tain tor herself en etteotive end stable Government
24 ( J) To use their middotinfluence tor the purpose ot
effectually establiehinv end oainteininq theprinshy
ciple of equal or~ortunity for the ooJllilerce and
industry_ of ell noticns throll eurohout tte territory of
China
25 (4) To refrain fron tekinf advantage ot conshy
di ti~ms in China in ormiddotder to see special rights_ or
privilegeft wh)ch wculd ampbridge the rights ot subjects
omiddotr _cl tizens of friendly States Eind- fror1 countenancshy
ing action in~ical to the security ot such States 9middot
Article II
26 The Contractin- ewers agree not to enter into_
any tre~ty eereeoent arraneementor understanding
either with one another middotor ndivltually _or collecshy
tively with any pwer or Tmiddotowers llmiddothicb wouid
infring~ or impair the p~inoiples stated in middotArticle Ir Article III
ntri th a view tomiddot eJl]lmiddotin~ more ettectuelly the
principles -Of th (lpen JJvOr or equality Of OJgt)Ortun-
ity in Chine for tte trade and incustry of all
nstions thP Contracmiddotting rovere other ~hen Chna
- 95
e~ee that they 111111 not seek nor sup~_t thelr
tesnective ne~ fone ls in seeUnr shy
27bull (a) middot Any errenfenent which rmiddotdrht -urrort to
establish in favour of their interests any general
suueriori ty of riftts 1th respect to comraerdal or
economic development in any desi_neted reeion of
China
28 ( b) Any suet oonoooly or preference as would
denri ve the m ti one ls of ani other --ower of the rieht
of undertaking any legitimate trade or industry in
China or o participitinif 1th the Chinese Governshy
ment or with any local e uthority in any category
or -public enteririse or which by reason of its
scope duration or geora~hical extent is celcushy
lated to frustrate the rrecticel ep-llcation cf the
principle of eual opportunity
It is understood tl~t te foreeoilf stipulationf
of this Article are not to be so construed amps to
Tgtrohibit the acquisition of such 1ronerties or
ri~h_ts as me~ be necessary to the conduct of a parshy
ticular cornrercial middotindustrial er financial undershy
takin or to the encourapoundeLent of invention end
research
Cbira undertakes to be gdcled by the rinciples
stated in tte foregon- stir-uletions of this ~middotticle
in dealinr wit-0 er-rlicetions for emiddotcononic rights end
privileges frc1 timiddot rcverll1ents end naticnals of t11
foreien countries whethEr partiEs t~ tha present
Article IV
29 The Cortr~ct~~ ~cr~~s BfrEe not to ~up~Qrt
eny agreements by their respective nationals with
each other designed to create Spheres of Influence
or to rovide for the enjojment of mutually exolusiv
opportunities in des1gnsted parts of Chinese terri shy
tory
Art1cldege VII
JO The Contrectin) ewers agree that vhenevr a
siturtion arise) hich in the opinion of any one or
thcu involves the cpplicit1on or the stipulations
of the present Treaty middottnd renders desirable disshy
cuSsion or suoh Epplioction thermiddot6 shall be full
snd frark oo6riuriio tion between themiddot Contrc oting
Powera co1oerned
Treaty hpoundtwe3n ttc United Stetes and JEllP-n signed
t middotmiddotrshinrton 11 Februry 1922
The arid Trecty wa3 sirned rnd ratiffod by
the 8fnstory rcbullmiddotrs
~rticle II 1
Jl The United StEtes end lts nmiddot tionals shall
receive ell the benefits or the cngagcuents of Jepar
defined in ~rticles J 4 ondmiddot 5 of the Eforesaid
lsndete notwithstmdin the fect that the United
Strtes is not e mcmuer of the Ls6gue of thbulltions
Ccnvsnt1on signLd ~t Gcnevr 19 February 1925
J2 Th sdd Convention wcs s1encd nd rtified by
or on bchnlf of Jbullmiddotpt n nd B[O~ of the nyt1ons bringshy
ing th1o chrmiddotregtcs in this Indictrrnnt with tho excepshy
tion of the Union of Soviet Soci~list R~1ublics
(bin i-ol middotthe TrJtsd StrtoF or raric bull
- 97 shy
~nericomiddot tbs Prssldent of the Gerrpoundmiddotn Reich Fls
Jejcsty the Yinp cf the Bleiens 1 the resi1font of
the Frrnch R=~ubl1c 1 Fis te 1esty the inmiddot of Grnegtt
~itPin 1 IrclFnd end the British Loninlons beyond the
SeM I Irm6ror of India His la jsty the r1n9 of
Itely 1 His Llt-jcsty theuro Ecurror of J~f)en the resishy
dent cf the ctqublic of PolPnd Lnd the Prcsident of
the Czochoslov=k Reuronublic 1 ccnclueed Lnd signed ct
Jrris 27 middotw-ust 1928 1 knorn ~s thE IbllOg-)ri1nd
Peet nd ~~ the ~rct of Pmiddot ris
The srid rebull ty YlS signed Pnd r-tified by the
1iill tcry obullsrs
lrtick I
JJ Thi lifh Contrcctng ~1rties 1101Emn~y deelcre
in the nr~es of their res~ctive peoplesJh~t they
condecn recoursemiddot to 1-middotr for the solution of intcr shy
nctionrmiddotl ccctrovcrsies ~ne renounce it cs en
instrllJlCnt of n tic _-1 policy in tbcir rlr tions
with -ons inctber
Article II
J4 The Rieb Contr(ctin~ Prties ogree th t th
settlement or solution of i11 disrutes or conflicts
of ~-hitevtr n tur or of hotevcr origin tbey ruy
sought except by pbullcific M~middotns
Dccl~r ticn of Irrpcrirl p~ncsb GovcrI11lcnt 1 27 June
1929 1 ccnccrning -~rticle I of the Kelloge-Pribull nd
Peet of 27 August 192
Th Impcrlr 1 lcv rnnnt dccL re thi t ttc
rhr soolog in tts nmiddotlltS of tt(ir respective
p01ks Pf-middotrin 1 rticlc J cf tt rrmiddot ty frr
- 98 shy
the Renuncif tion cf _ r sirncd rt rrie on 27
urust 1928 vicved in the light of th~ provisions
or the Impcribulll Constitution is understood to be
inrppliCbmiddot in so fmiddotr s Jrprn is concernecl
llG Convmiddot ntion rclbullmiddott~n~middot to l~rcotic Drugs shncd
rt Gcncv~ lJ July 1931
35 The srid Convention wbullssign~d -nd rrtifiad by
or on bchmiddot lf of Jcpn with r rcscrv tion s recorded
in th protmiddotocol cf sirn ture nc c ch of th n tions
brinfing the chrrecs _in this Indictiicnt with tro
cxcetion of the Union of SoviEt ~ocilist RG~ublics
Chinbull trc Cor-monwe ltr of tustr lir rnd Ncw ZDlrnd
Trc ty btveurocn Thilmiddotnd middotnd Jp nmiddot conccrnin~ the
continumiddot nc of frimiddot~ndly rJlmiddottions middot nc tho nutu 1
riscct cf emiddottlh others tcrritoribulll iptcgrity 1
Si1ned middot t Tokyo 12 June 1940
lhc sbull id Tre tr wmiddot s s~_gnec nd rmiddot tified by
the Sign tory rovcrs
trticlG I
3l nThE Fifh ContrbullcCinf Forties s~~ll nutu~lly
resnct ~-ch others territoribulll intqrity middotnd
hcrebmiddot rcrfflru the constrmiddotnt 1cce nd the ierpetuil
fricndship existin between them
Convention rcsnctin~ t~c ~irhts bullnd Duties of
reutr1 ewers ~nd creons in 1fmiddot_r on Vmiddotnd signed
~t Tho Hbull2uJ 18 OctcbLr 1~07
37- rtJcle I
Th trrltory of mutr l ~-mcs is inviolmiddotmiddottl
JR _rtiole II
- 99 shy
rcross the tG~tor of ~ ntiutrl ow1r
Treo-ty of Jortsraoutl- b6twEen Russfr -nd Jpcn
signod 5 Sertc~bampr 1905 which esttblished
Art1cl6 II (p(rbullerr-~h 3) 39 It is bulllso ~greod thmiddot t in crder to rvoid middotlJ
c~ usa of iiisunderstmiddot nc-ing the two F1gt Contrrct1ne
-rt1es wi11 -bstdn ontl6 Russo-Iorcin frontier
from tr11nv r-ny nillt ry morsur6s which moy mEnccamp
tte security of Russ1middot n or ~orern territory
bullrt1cle It (Pmiddotrts l bullnd 2) Ja~an ana Russia mutua~ly e~~age
40 ( l) To evmiddot cu te COll)lGt ely nd simultr neously
tmiddotbull nchlirilt1 eJCcpt thbullj territory rffected by the lcse
of the li~otun2 zcninsuln in conformity with the
provisions of middotcdition l lrticle I~ nnexod to
Trc ty bullmiddotnd
41 () To rcstors cntirtolt middot nd COl]lttoll to th
oxclusive dninamptr tion ofChin_ 11 rortions of
irnchuri nov in th~ occuo tion or under middottho coritrol
of the lqmiddotnGse or Rurs1middot1 troops Nitl th exception
of the trr1 tor bull b0vbull rn nt londl
rticlc IV
obstruct ny gcncr-middot1 nrsures cnmiddotmiddotmiddotJori to rmiddotll C0 1Lttr1es
vhicb Chin~ rnmiddoty t middot~ tor th lcvlorwnt t)f thv
coriflcrcs rid incustr~middot of gt nchu1middot1bull
I) middotmiddotn middotnJ -usbull ngmiddotp tbull xlbit thdr
- 1ot shy
44 J middotn nd Russi uutumiddotmiddotlly grec-not to conshy
struct in their rcsnectivu possessions on th~
Islrnd of Srghbulllicn or the middotdJ cent isl-nds ny
fortificmiddottione or other similmiddotmiddotr militrl works
They middotmiddotlso rrspectivcly cngg not to t l1 ~ny milishy
tr ry ncsures hch MY impede the free nmiddot vigmiddottion
cf the Strmiddot its o 1middot re rouse bull nd T rt ry
h onventfon on Elbodying P~sc hulcs of tho
Rclmiddotmiddottions bctweenmiddotJrbulln nlt= the Union cf Soviet
ltocilist Rr~ublics 1 srn~d 20 J nur 1925 in
rkine
This Conv0nticn wmiddots signed middotnd rmiddottificd by the
Ciflnmiddotmiddot tory rovcrs
rticle V
45 bull Tho High 0ontrbullmiddotcting ~ rtis soleMnl ffirm
thcr desire middotnd intention to liv~ in rbull~cc middotnd
bullmiddotMitr ri ti emiddot ch ottr scrupulcJsly to rspcct th1
undoubted rieht of Stmiddottc to order its oyn life
1dthin ts own jurisdiction in its own w~y to
rf frmiddot in - ncl rcstrr in bull 11 erson in middot ny govornshy
mentrmiddot l service for th-11 nd 11 or~niz7ticns n
rocir-t of middot O findegncirl rssiitmiddot rc~ fron them frou
middot~ny middot ct ovrt or covrt limiddotmiddotbl fr II) w~y whtcver
to enc1middot n1er the order middot nlt securitr n i n1 rmiddot rt of
thc tcrritoris cf T n n th nlol 1f ltcvivt
Socimiddotljst ~rublios
rt l f11rt~-1r middot ~rcrt1 tmiddot~ t n thtr ontrmiddotct~nq
r-~rty ~~ middot11 rsrr-middotmiddot bull_ t~1 middotr=f( n 1i tr - t-rrltorlis
undr bullts juri stl ctJ vi -- ( middotmiddot ) of c--n izmiddot t~c-re er
irouS pr-tn1ln~ tmiddot bi~ th CTOVcIlll1-lt iCr ~ny r- t
of ttf t~rritorier Gf tb~ ether ~rt~ or b) cf
- 101 shy
alien subjects or citizens who may be found to be
_actually carryinr on political activities for such
organizations or -bullro ups
The Neutrality act t)etween the TTn~on of Soviet
rlccialist Reublics and Tapan siuned 13 April 1941
This ~ect was sirned end ratified~~ the
Signatory rowers bull
~rti cle I
46 Both Contrecti 1g Iarties engage to naintain
peaceful end friendly relations between themselves
and mutually respect the territorhl integrity end
inviolabilit of the other Contracting Party
Article II
47 If one of the Contrectlng Parties becomes the
object of militar action on the part of one or
several other overs the cther Contracting Farty
will r~intaln neutrality during the whole ~ericd of
the conf 11 ct
- 102 shy
list of Lfficiel bullssuronces Violated by JIc1-~nd lncororeted Li Group One
25thmiddot Se~tember 1931 ~het JalBn rad no
territoriel desiens in renchuriamp
2 25th middotcvember 1931 That there was no truth
in the report of a Japanese edvancemiddoton Chinchow
J 22nd December 1931 Thet Chinese sovereignty
would be accented ~no that tre opei c-oor rolicy
would be nsntEned
4 5th Jenu~ r 1 1933 That Jaan hsd no territshy
oriel ellbitons s~ut~ cf Jhe Greet Well in vina
5 25th n~ril 1 1934 middotThat Jepan had no intention
vhatever of seeUn~ leciel privileuroPes in Cbinr of
encrcechire UOn the territorial snd administr11tive
integrit v of Chine or oI creating difficulties for
the bona fide trr-de of other countries middot1th Chne
6 15th uibullust 1 1937 That Janen harboured no
territorial designs on China enrl would middotsprre no
efforts in sefeuardin foreltn interest end r1hts
in Cina
7- Seterber 1937 That Jsren had peecetul
intentionB EJnn e lECY of -territorial designs in
Torth Chins
8 17th Fe_bruery 1 1939 That lfjpaa hid nc
terrl torlel designs in China nc that the occul)bt icI
ietrndnn uetl lU~-her_reP(bullristons_ th Geimiddot=ny 6ld
Itsl~ r~JttiYa t~ ~1 ser r~li-timiddot)ne wlticr tht i11tishy
- middot103 shy
10 l5th April 1940 ~hct Je~sn desired status
quo of the I-etherlands ~est Indies
11 16th ~ey 1940 That Japan had no rIEns nor
pur])ose tomiddot attack the Nettmiddoterlends East Indies
12 24th lerch 1 1941 Thft under no circumst6nces
vculd Jaoen ettacr the United States of 1oerica
Greet Dritein or th etherlancls est lndits
lJ 8th July 1941 That Ja~n rac not so fer
consfderec1 the middot~ossibili t~ of 1ifhtnf the Union
of Soviet Socialist Reublics
14 10th Tulv 1941 Thft Japen cont~plated no
cction rgoinst French lndo-Chne
15 5th middot~cerber 1941 Tht troop riovernnts in
French cndo-Cldna were precauticner1 meltlsUres bull
104 shy
AlPtmrx n
Incor~oreted in Group Three
The Laws and Customs of 1middotar ere established
pertly by tre ~rectice of civilized netions end
pertly by Conventions snd rseurances which are
either directly bindinn upon the parties thereto or
evidence of the established ~nG recognized rules
The Conventions end issurences hereinigtfter rentioned
in eny Prt of this ppendix will be relied upon es
s middothole for both iurposes only the nost leterial ~rticles being nuoted herein
1 The Convention o 4 d_one at The FFgue on the
18th October 1907 concerning the Laws and Customs
of igtr on Lend provides ( inter elie) as follolls
middotcccrding tc the views of the high Gonshy
trectinr- irties thes ~rovisio1s the drafting
of which hes been insrired by the desire to
diminish the evils of war so far ts military
requireoents perflit ere intended to serve JS
a gener~l rule of conduct for the bellirerents
in tteir reletions with the inhnbitants
It hes not 10VEVtir been found rossible
et present to concert stiulctions covering ~11
th circumst~nces lict er~e in rrctlce
Cn the other h~ne tts Eigh Contrecting
irtls clmiddotrly de not intcrd tlJ~t unforeseen
cses stculd in Gefult of written qre(llent
be left to the rtitrar) Cinion of milit~ry
- 105 shy
conms nders
r~ntil o nore ccmrilete c0deuro of th6 laws of
-tar clt-n be drmiddotwn up the Hieh Contr~cting
rrties dee~ it expedient to declPre thbullt in
c~ses not covered by the rules bulldopted by then
the inh~ bi t~nts ltncl the belligerents remr in
under the protGction ~nd governunco of the
princi~les of the lw of nr tions derived from
the us~~es ~stbullblished rmon~ civilized peoples
fron th1 1~ws of humnity middot-middotnd frou the diet~ t6~
of the public consci~nco
The RoguLtions sit out in the nn6x to the sric
Convntion 1tich for~s Tirt tler6of der 1 in
Section I witt Belliger6nts rnd risoncrs of middotcrrr in
qection II witt ao~tiliti(s ~na in Section III with
ilitrry middotuthority over the Territory of the Hostile
Stbullte
middotrticle 4 thereof in Section I provides (intsr
[li~) ~s follows
~r isoners of middotmiddotmiddot-r middotre in thEgt ower oI the
hostile Governmaat but not of th~ indivi6u~ls
or corps wlo cmiddot rture theuron middotbull
Convention lo 10 dcJ~ bull t th sr-r~ time nd
)lce concerns 1middotmiddotritime middotr
The _smiddot id Ccnvntions Yere signed bull nd rmiddottified
by er on ceb~lf cf over fcrt nmiddotmiddot tions including
bJ n middot na ebullmiddotcJ- o tho n~tions bringing t_he ch~rges
in this Indictment Eubject to C6rtrin rescrvtions
- 116 shy
not ere Rteri~l nd ttcus bec~ma rrt or evidence
cf the I~ws bull nd ~uetcms of middotmiddotmiddotr
2 Tho rore eonnlc te code of the I -ws of rr conshy
tenpl td by ttc s id Convention is contdncd iu
relmiddottion tc ~risoners of ~r in tho Inter~ tionl
Convention relmiddot ti ve to thc Trebull traent of risonors
of middotmiddotr done bullmiddott r-cnev on th6 27tli July 1929
(hertinrfter cbullllod the Genev Convention~)
lthoulI pmiddot n did not rbull tify thamp s id Convenshy
tion it bocmiddotne bindinr upon her for one or more of
the folobulling recsons
() It ws sipned on tho srid dmiddotte by or on
beh~lf of forty-seven n tions including
J middotmiddot n middot nu ch of the n tions bri~ging
the cr-rres in this Indlctmnt -nd
rrtified bJ over fdrty n~tions -nd thus
becmiddotmc nrrt or evitiLnce of the Lr~s -nd
Customs of r
( b) corm1uniclttion d ted tho 29th J~nur ry
1942 silned by 10GC Shigunori one of
the bullccused middot s For~ign l~nister on boh~lf
of Jp n ~ddresscd to the swiss inister
in Tokyo contr-incd the following stbulltement
middotlthough not bound by the 0onvention
r_1middot tiv to the Trtmiddot tment of ~middotrisoner~
of r middotJrpmiddotbulln will bullply mutmiddot tis
~1ltmiddot ndis the revisions of thmiddot t
Convcnticn to middotmericn prison~rs of
r In cocununicmiddot tion d- tesd on or - bout ths
- 107 shy
JOth January 1942 addressed to the
Argentine middotinister n Tokllo by TOGO
Shigenori one of the accused es Foreign
middotinister on behalf of- Japan it is stated
The Imperial Government has not yet
ratified the Convention of 27th July
1929 regarding the treatment of prisshy
oners of er They are not therefore
subject to the said Conventionmiddot None
the less trey will anply mutatis
mutendis the conditions of ihet Conshy
vention to English (enedien iustrelmiddot
ien end Jew Zeeland prisoners of war
in their power bullmiddotbull1th regard to suppl
of food and clothin~ to prisoners of
war they will consider on condition
of recinrocity national and racial
custous of the prisoners
By the said comr1unications or one of them
Japan acceded to the seid Convention in
accordence 1dth rticle 95 thereof and
the state of war then existin~ gave inmedshy
iate effect to such accession
middot (_c) The said comiunicetions constituted assurshy
ances to the United States of merica the
United Lingdor1 of Great Britain and North~
Irelane Canada ~ustralia ampnd iiew Zealan
to whoee governments the said coumanicetio
were intended to bb end Nere repeuted by
the raspectivemiddot~ecipients thereof adin
each case to ell nations who were at war
- 108 shy
with Japan
Except in the said natters there are no proshy
visions of tte said Geneva Convention to which the
expression mutatis mutandismiddotbull could properly be
applied
J The International Convention for the meliorshy
ation of the londition of the tmiddotounded and S1ck in
~rmies n the ~ield done at Geneva on the 27th July
1929 ( known as and hereinafter called I the Red Crost
Conventionbulll provides (inter alia) as follews
rrticle 26 The Corunenders-in-Chief of bellig
erent armies shall arrange the details for
carrying out the preceding articles as well as
for cases no~ provided for in accordance with
the instructions of their respective Government
and in conformity with the general principles
of the presampnt Convention ~
Japsn was a party to the said Convention
together with over forty other nations which ttus
becane art or evidence of the lavs an~ middotustorns of
ar In the above-mentioned coilllunicrtion deted on
or about the 29th January 1942 Japan stated
Jspon obs1rves strictly the Ganeva Convention
of 27th July 1929 rulstivs to the R~d Cross
as a state sign1tory of that Convtntion
cAommunicetion dated tblgt 13th Februar 1942
l~ shy
signed by TCG0 1 Shigenori one of the accused as
Foreign l-inister on behalf of Jspe_n addressed to
the swiss Jlinlster in okyo contained the_followlng
statement
The Imperial Government TAill apply during the
present war on con~ltlon of reciprocity the
provisions relative totbe treatment of prisonshy
ers of war of the 27th July 1929 to enemy
civilian internees as fer as applicable to
them enc prQvided that labour will not be
imposed u~on-them contrary to their free choic~
The said communlcetion constituted en assurshy
ance to ell the nations et wer with Je~an (who in
fact carried out the provisions of the said Convenshy
tfon es aplice ble to Jaamiddotnese clvi lien internees)
other then tra Republic ef Chine
The above-mentioned assurances were rereated by
the_ Japanese Foreign inistrymiddot on several occasions
as r~cently as tne 26th i-ay 1943
Epound~cbull11ns CF B1E~CrEs shy
All the offences are oreeches of the Laws end
Custolls of er in ec1dition to end es proved in
pert by the several -~rticles of the Conventions end
assurences specifically nentioned
SEClION NJE
Inhumane treatment contrary imiddotn each ease te
Article 4 of the said Anne_x to the said RagJlbull Conven
- 110 shy
tion end the whole of the said Geneva Convention end
to the s~id assurances In addition to the inhumane
treatment alleged in SectionsTwo to Six hereof
inclusive which are incorporated iri this Sacti6n
prisoners or war end civilian internees were murdere~
beaten tortured and otherwise ill-treated and
female prisoners were raped by members of the
Japanese forces
SECTICN TWO bull
Illegal employnent of prisoner of war labour middotcontrary in each case to rticle 6 of the said Annex
to the said Hague Convention end to ~art III of the
said Geneva Convention end to the said assurances
The said emuloyment was illegal in that
(a) prisoners or war were enployed on work
having connection end direct connection
with the operations of war
(b) prisoners of warwere employed on work for
which they ere hysicelly unsmiddot~ited and
on ~1ork which was unhealthy end dangerous
(c) the duration of daily work wee excessiye
end rrisomiddot1ers middot I-ere not allowed rests of
twenty-four middotconsecuti va hours in each week
(d) conmiddotditions of work wer rendered more
arduous ty c1lsclplinery measures
(e) prisoners were kapt end compalled to work
in unhce lthy cliretEgts end dangerous zones
end without sufficient food clothing or
toots
- 111 ~
SCTI CN Tl-R EE
Refusal sne ftbullilure to raintaln prisoners of
wer contrary tomiddot Article 7 of the said Annex to the
said Heeue Convention and ~rticle 4 end Pert III
trticlai 9 - 12 inclusive of the said Geneva Convenshy
tion and to t~amiddot seid assurances
C~ine to differences ~f netionel and reciel
custo~s the food end ~lothing supplied to the
la~enese troops were even when supplied to rrisonerr
of wor belonging to the white races insufficient
to tiointsin them Adequete food end clothing were
not SUP lied either in ecc9rdance with the said
Conv3nt1ons or the said essurences
The structural end sEnitary conGi tion of the
cc~ps end labour detachments f~iled entirely to
COR)ly with the stid ~rticlee and Yltse extremely
bed unhealth~middot end inadequate
Yashilll ent drinking facilities were inEdequete
end bed
S~TICN FCllR
Excessive and illegal punis~ment of risonars
of war contrery tq Article 8 of the said ~nnex to
the said Hague Convention end to rert III Section
V Chapter) of the said Geneva Convention and tc
the said assurances
(o) Prisoners of ~er ~ere killed beaten and
tortured vithout trial or investigetion of
any kind for alleged offences
(b) such uneuthorlzed punlsbments ware inflict
ed for alleged offences wtlch even if
- 112 shy
proved were not under the seid Conventionis
offences et middoten
(cl collective punishments were imposedmiddot for
individual alleged offences
(d) priscners were sentenced to punishment
more severe then imprisonment for thiity
days t9r stteQpting to escape
(el conditions ot the trial ot prisoners did
not conforn to those laid down in the seid
Chapter
(f) conditions ot lllprisonm~nt ot prisoners
sentenced did not conform to those laid
down in the said Chapter bull
sectCTIlt JrIVE
istreetment or the sick end wounded meicsl
personnel end ferale nurses contrary to Articles 3
14 15 end 25 of the seid Geneva Convention end
rticles 1 9 10 end 12 ot the seid Jee Cross Conshy
vention end to the said assurences
(el Officers end soldiers who were wounded or
sick medical personnel chaplains and
~ersonnel of voluntary aid Societies were
not respected or protected but were
murdered ill-treated end neglected
(b) medical personnel chaplains and personnel
er voluntary aid Societies were ~rongfully
retained in ~apenese hende
(cl female nurses were raped L1urdered and
ill-treated
(d) camps did not possess infirmaries and
- 113 shy
seriously sicJt prisoners ena those requirshy
ing illportant surical treatrent were not
edmittea to ~iliiary or civil institutions
qualifieG to treat them
(e) monthly t1edical inspections were not
arranged
(f) sick and wounded prisoners were transferred
elthou~h their reccvery-was prejudiced by
their journeys bull
S-0CTJO SIX
HuniIiation of prisoners of war ampnd especially
officersi contrary to trticle 8 of tha said Annex to
the said Hafue Conveurontion ana Articles 2 J 18 21
22 and 27 of the seid Geneva Convention and to tbe
seic assurances
(a) Prisoners were aeliberctely ~ept ana nade
to work ~n territories occ~riea by Japan
for the purrose ormiddotex~osing them to thb
nsults end curiosity of the inh~bitants
(bl prisoners in Tapen and in occuried tershy
ritories including officers were compelshy
led to orlt on rampnial tasls and exposed to
l)UbUc view
( c) officer ~r isoners vere -clacect rnaer the
control of ron-commissionea cifictrs and
private soldiers end oonp llLd to selute
them sr6 to wort
Refusel or feilure to collect en trensrnit
- 111 shy
informrtion rrerdinf rrisoners (fmiddot war end rGplies
to enquiriGs on tto subject centrer~ to trticle 14
of the seid Annex tc the seid Pague Convention end
to ~rticles 8 eqd 77 of the seid rsneva Ccnvention
and to the sEid assurances
Proper records were not kept nor inforfileshy
tion supplied es requirLd by the said
rrticles and the riost lmpcrtFnt of such
records as vorc kept were delibLrotely
distroyed
S~CIO rmiddotyenJ
Obstructions of the rirhts of the rrotectine
rowers of RLd Cross Socioties of prisonors of war
end of thair reprcs~nt~tives contrary to rticlc 15
of the seid bnncx to t~e s~id Pcfua Convention ana
t~ lticles Jl 42 44 78 Ln~ 86 of the said cneva
Convention end t9 tho said assurances
( o) The rrnrc sntti vcs of tha bullrotectj ng
Power ( Svd tZerlind) viere refused or not
rrsnt(d pmiddotroission to visit camns rnd
access to premises occupiod by prisoners
(b) vhcn suet rornlssion was gr11nttd ttr were
not allowod to hold conversetion with
prisoners without witnesses or ct ell
(c) on such occasions conditions in eo11ps w_r
dcc(ptively pr_pbrod to apbullepoundir btter thin
nor~1~l rnC rrisomrs wrr thrsttoned with
punishment if thy cornrleincd
(d) prisonErs ampnd th~ir rcprasant~tivss weru
not ellowGd to lllku complaints rs to the
- 115 shy
neturv or -their work or otherwhe or to
correspond rreelmiddot with the nilitery eit~iorshy
ities or tle rrotectin owampr
(e) Red CroEs ~ercels end nail were withheld
Erlloyinf ~oison contrary to the _lnternstionsl
Declaration resiiectin7 Asr-hyxistinf (bulleses siened by
( inter elia) Japen Pnc China st The Hague on the 29th
July 1899 and to ~rticle 2J(a) or the said Annex
to the said Es~ue Convention ane to ftrticle 171 of
the Tremiddotety otmiddotVerseilles
In the w~r~ of Japan ereinst the bullbullerublic
of Cline poison gas was lSed- Ttiis
elleretion is confined to thetmiddot country
smiddotcrr0r~ Tirr
illine enemies who tsvn laid down their
arms Qr no longer tevinr 1esns middotf defence had
surrenderec et discretion contrerr to ~rticle 23( t
of ~he sdlt Annex to this soid Eemiddot u~ Convention
Destruction or cneri rogterty without mlliterJ
Justificeticn or necessit~ end rillege contrary to
rticles2J(1d 2~ end 47 of the seid Annex to tbe
said Haguu Conventic-n
Failure to resrcct iani~middot honcur ed rights
ind V iduel lifEJ r-r1vE ti procrtr end rclifOUS
- 116 -middot
convictions and worship middot111 occ11phd territories and
denortation and ensl~vement ot tte inhabitants
thereof contrery to flrticle 46 or th~ said nnnex to
the said llegue Conventionmiddot end to the Laws end Customs
ot er
Large numbers ct the inhabitants ot such
territories were murdered torturto~ raped
End otherwise ill-treated arrested and
interned without Justificationmiddot sent to
reread labour ano tlir property destroyd
or cont1scotcd
SECTIC~ FT~T
E1111111 survivors ot shipsmiddot sunk by neval action
end crews of cspt11rd snirs contrary to rtich 16
ot irefrue Convention rro io ot 1907
Failure to rcsp0ct ~111tary hospital ships
contrary to ftrticle 1 01 the lEFt-mention0d Convenshy
tion and unleltul use of JamiddotJcnce bosPi ti l ships
centrer to trticles 6 ~ne 8 theraor
XTI crbull PTTn
~ttacks and especially ampttecs ~ithout due
wirning ution noutrl ships
- 117 bull
Statement of Individual Responsibility for Crimes Set Cut in the Indictment
The stetenents hereinefter set forth following
the nerle of each individual Defendant constitute
matters unon which the Frosecution will rely inter
elie as establishin~ the individual responsibility
of tbe Defendants It is charged against each of the Defendants
that he usad the po-er and nrestige of the position
which he held end his rersonel influence in such a
manner that he pro~oted and carried out the offences
set out in each Count of this Indictment in which
his name ap~eers
It is charged against each of the Defendants
that during the periods hereinafter set out against
his nnle he was one of those responsible for all the
acts and omissions of the various Governments of
which he bullas a member and of the various civil
military or naval organizations in vhich he held fl
position of autbcrity
It is crargad against each of the nefendants
as sho~n by the nurnb6rs fiven aftisr bis nalle that
he was ~resent at nr ccncurree in tte dacisions
taken at sole of the conferences end cabinet reetings
leld on or about tte follovinf dates in 1941 which
decisions prepared 1or end led to unlawful war on
7th8th Dece~ber 1941
1 25th June 1941 (Liaison)
2 26th June 1941 (liaison)
J 27th Junt 1941 ( L1a1middotsmiddotcn)
- 118 shy
4 28th June 1941 (Liaison)
5 )0th June 1941 (Supreme Yor Council)
6 2nd July 1941 (Imperial)
1 7th August 1941 (Thought Control Council)
s 22nd August 1941 (Cebinet)
9 6th September 1941 (I1rp6r1al)
10 17th October 1941 ( x-Ireniers)
11 26th iovcnber 1941 ( Liaison)
12 29th 1ovember 1941 (x-Prenier s)
1) 1st December 1941 (Imperial)
14 1st Decenber 1941 (Cabinet)
ARAKI
The Defendant ARAYI bet~een 1926 and 1945 was
amonr other ~s1tions held- Chief of General Affe1ri
Department of the ~ffice or Inspector General or
111tarr Training ( 1931) lin1ster of er under
Inukai end Seito (December 19)1 to July 19)4) e
full General (19))) ember or the Supreae Yer
Council ( 19)4 to 19)6) ember or the Cab1nt
Advisory Council on China (19)7) dacetlon dnister
under ronoye soc then under vrv111middot~ (ley 19)8 to
August 19)9) iember or thE Cabinet ~dvisory
Council (1940)
he D6fondent rc1-nmiddot 1 1 between 1928 enl 194S
we s enoni- other pr id t lone t e 1 d - ColllLlander of the
Special Service Section ln 1snchur1s (September
19)1) Peyor of ukdn ( 5pter1ber to Cctobcr 19Jl)
attached to heedlt1ucrters lwentunr Army ( 19)))
- 119
Chiet Adviser to the rortt China autonooous Govarnshy
111ent Colllllnc5er-in-Chlef reienese 5th Jrri Janchurie
(1938 to 1940) Suprene 1middoter Councillor (1940 to
1943) Inepector Qenerel ot 1111tery lvietion (1941)
tull renerel (April 1941) Cmmendemiddotr-in-Chiet
Eestern Army in l11en (1943)_Ciu1Snder ot the 7th
Aree 11r1111 et Slgeriore (1944 to 1945) Inspector
renerel 111tory Trelninl (A~ril 1945)
Conterenoes- s
he )efe1~dent ~middot~~rITI between 1928 and 1945
was erionmiddot other Gsitions held- etteched rmy
Cenerol Steff Cl9JJ) retired fro-n Army (Pebruery
1936) author cf Iecleretons cf E~gtFr OTO iingoro
(1936) re-entered the Army (1937) commended en
rtillerr Pegillent et the Ree cf llnmiddottdn (1937)
in corlland of Jeranese forces which shelled the
ladybird and the -aney (1937) author of a l~rge
number ot books articles in ~lc iragezine Tai ye
Dd tippon en6 oter rublicE tions end ~utlic
speeclef ell advCcting agrress~ ve wEirfere member
of e nu~ber of societies fer the 1nst1get1on of army
control over ~~11tics end furtherance er er~ressiva
~1erfre proroter of e nunber o lets designed tcshy
renove poll ti clans lti oft lcers Ylhoo he did not
consider sufficiently eecreiEve middote frunder of the
T~~~ (194n) elected to the Lcwer rouse of the
fjit 1194)
- 120 shy
The Detendent f beheen 1928 and 1945 was
aronr other CS1 t1ons held- D1v1s 1onal Colllander in
l-encbur1 (1933) Chlet o ~rmy ~v1at1on Department
( 1935) C=ander or tts Taiwan trmy ( 1936 to 1937)
Inapector reneraLet bull111tary Ecucatlon and L1eJ1be~
ot the S1~1rene tar Council ( tugust 1937 l a full
General (Februa~y 1937) Colroander-1n-Ch1et of the
Jltxped1t1onary Force in Central China (February 1938)middot
ember ot the 3uDrez-e bullmiddoter Council ( January 1939l
middot-er llinlster under be ( ugust 1939 to Januery 1940)
Ccmmander-1n-Ch1et ot the ~xped1t1onary Force 1n
Central Chna (Tuly 1940 to 1944) iel6 lershall bullend ember of the JloCrd ot Jarshele aad d1irels
(June 1944) Insgtector General ot 111tery Sducetion
(Novenber 1944)
PIR 1~
he Defendant -1 middot r between middot1928 end 1945
was among ctler nositlons held- Founder ot the
Yokuhonsta end resident frcir 1926 to 1936 Vice
resident ot Jrlvi Coulc11 (1930 to 1936) rresldent
ot r1vy Council (1936 to 1939) rrLe nnister
( January to middotugust 1939) 1-lnister middot1i thout -middotortfollc
under Konoye and tor a time Eome inister and later
V1ce-remier (July 1940 to Cctrber 1941) ie~ber of
~bought Control Council ueust 141) ires1dent
rrivy Cou~cil (1945)
Conferrnces- l234b7612
- 121 shy
The Defendant PIROT between 1928 end 1945 was
eronr ether Oitlons held- mbeesedor to the Union
or2ov1et Socialist Re~ubl1cs (19JO) Foreign
l~in1eter (Septenber 193) to July 1934) under Saito
end F-ro111 July 1934 to 1arch 1936 under Okede Pr1me
Unister and tor a tine Forei11n i-anitter concurrentli
Wsrch 19)6 to February 19J7) Foreign Jinister under
Yonoye (June 1937 toay 19J8) et1ber or tM
Cabinet middotdvisory C1uncll (1940)
Conrerences- 1012
lOliWO
The Derendent rcsrrrc between 1928 end 1945 bullas snonr other rositions h~ld- Chier General middotrrsirs
Puresu of the Finance Derartment ofbull the i-Snchukuo
Government (19J2) Chief or ~enersl middotrrairs in the
P1nsnce Inistry o anchulrno ( 1934) Vice anister
Finampnce in the ~middotencl ukuo ~cv~rnment ( 1936) Chier
renual ffairs uruu in tho ational middotrrampirs crric
or 1middotanchukuo ( December 1936) Chief of roneral
bullrreirs in lanctutuo (July 1938) =resident or the
Ilannnr Peard enc later 1n1ster without gtortfolio
under l~onoye ( July 1940 to rrll 1941) Chiampf
secretary and Iinieter or 3tate under TClC ( Cctcber
16th 1941 tc July 1944) dviser tc Finance inietrj
(December 1944)
Ccnfersncee- 1114
ITGH
The Defendant IT 11middotI botween 1928 end 1945 wes
- 122 shy
among other rositions heldbull full Colonel 1wentung
Jrm (1929) l~jor General i~wentung trny (1932)
Vice CUet of Steff Kwentung ~rllJbull ( 19J4) Coiunender
5th Division in ~hine (arch 1937) Chief of Steff
1wantune rmy (1936 to 1937) attached to Headquarshy
ters General Start (middotay 1937 ar lln1ster under
Yonoye end HI1~1lJ~ tror~ Jule 1938 to -UpoundUSt 1939
and concurrently resident of the Ianchuriari middotrra1rs
~ureau of the Cebinet Chief of Sterr Japanese middotrmy
in Chine (Se~tember 1939) full General (July 1941)
Commender epenese ray in Iarea (July 1941 to
1945) Uunber of ~upreme imiddoter Council (1943) Comshy
Jlllnder 7th middotrea middotrm in ltin~epore (pr11 1945)
Y The Defendant rmiddotvmiddot between 1928 anamiddot1945 was
among other positions held- yhiet Secretary Finance
Uinietry (1934) mnister of igtinence t June 1937 to
ray 1938) under Konoye on the middotdvieory Ccmmittee
China middottteire lloard (J9J9) resident North China
Developrient Company (19J9 to 1941) P-inence linister
under To-c ( June 1941 to February 1944l Director
IR gtS (1944)
Conferences- 11121314
ICIDO
the Defendant LIDO between 1928 end 1945 wee
among other positions bald- Chief Secretary to the
Lord hampeper of the Priv~ Seal (19JO) Education
Minister under Ionoye ( 1937) Velfare -iinister under
Yonoye (1938) Home Iinieter under hIR PUil 11939)
- 123 shy
Lord Keeper or the Privy Seel (1940middotto 1945) chief
oonfidentiel advisor to the Lmperor and presided et
meetinrs or Ex-rreciers
Conferences- 1012
KU~tR
The Defendant 1I1JR middot between 1928 and 1945 wu
eMon11 other CS1t1ons ~eld- Chief or Starr 1wantung
middotrmy ( 1940) Vice er linister under 1onoye ampnd TCJO
(1941 to lebruer- 1944) lirnber uprece er Council
(194)) Commflder in Chief Japanese rmy Burma
(1944) full General (1945)
YCISC
The Defendant KCISO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- Director lilitery
middot ffairs flureeu of tl6 iar linistry (19)0) Vice
War inister und-er Inukai ( 19)2) Chief or etaff
Ywantunr middotmiddotmiddotmy (19)2 to 1934) ColllilBnder Jenampnese
middotrcy Korea_ (19)5 to 19)6) a full General (19)7)
Overseas inister under BI l1 (19)9) end under
ona1 (1940) Governor General 1oree (Iay 1942)
rime l1nlstir ( uly 1914 to pril 194S)
~TSbullTI
The Defendant ~~TstI between 1928 and 1945 was
8llOilF other rosltions heldbull Re)resentetive of the
Japanese ~rmy at the Geneva Conference (19)1) 1lerober
of the upreme iar Council (arch 19))) a full
General (19JJ) a founder of the Greater ~est Asia
Society (19JJ) Commender-in-Chief Japanese forces
- 124 shy
in Centrel Chine (Cctober 1937 to February 1938)
Hember ot the Cabinet dvisory Council (July 1938
to Januari 1940) Adviser to the Asia Pronotion
FeGeration (1940) Aeviser to the rreeter East Asia
Affairs Section or the r~~J (1943) rresident or
the Creater East Asia Davelopient ~ociety (1944)
lllSTCYA
The Defendant middotrSTTCJAbetween 1928 end 1945
was erJOlF other Ositions held- cier Delegate to
the League or etions ~ssembly ( 1933) ~resident ot
the 1-outh lPnorurien =teilwer (19J5 to 1939) Hember
or the c~binet bulldvisory Council (1940) Foreign
linister middot under onoye ( July 1940 to July 1941)
author ot ~show Restcretion (1938) end other books
end articles and ~ublic speeches advocating aggresshy
sive warfare
Conferences- 12~346
rn~bull1t
The Defendant INt~ between 1928 end 1945 was
P~ong other ~ositions held- Commander Japanese
rm Korea I1929) Ver iniampter under bullTekatsulci
(l-ril 193_1 to Lecember 1931) 5uprame 1er Councillor
( 1931 to 1934) Coanender-in-Chief Kvantung rmy
( 1934 to 19J6) Governor Cenerl of 1oree ( 1936 to
1942) Jenber or tle rmiddotriv~ Council ( 1942 to 1945)
~resident or the l~liticel tssocietion of Greet
Taren (1945)
- 125 shy
tTO
The Defendant lUTO between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held- Instructor et the
ilitsry lttoff College (19)0 to 19)2) Senior Otticer
ot the rilitery ~ttairs Bureau of the Her inistry
(19)5 to 19)6) Chief ot a section ot the General
st111tt ( 1937) attached Headquarters Starr Central
China bullrmy (1Lgust 19)7) Colonel attached to
1wantung bullrmy Headquarters Ctlet ot the llilitsry
ftairs Eureau ( October 19)9 to pril 1942 l
colllllsnded 2nd Guards Division in Sumatra (194))
C~iet ot Steft or the 14th ree middotrmy in the rhilishy
ppines under Gener~l Ycmashite (October 1944)
Conferences- 12346911lJ
The Defendant 1rmiddotcmiddotn0 between 1928 end 1945 was
1mong other J)ositions held- Vice Chief Nevel
General 3teft (1930) Delegate to the Geneve Pavel
Conference ( 1931) Lember Supreme 1er Council ( 19JJ)
full dmirel (1934) Chief Delegate to London Naval
Conference (19)5) Navy 1inister under HIROT~ (Mer ch
1936 to February 19)7) _ Ccmmen~ar-in-Chiet ot
Conbined Fleet (19)7) Hember of Supreme er Council
(1940) Chiet of Navel General Steff (April 1941 to
February 1944) Supreme Yaval Adviser to the iLperor
tram February 1944
Conferences- l2J469lllJ
or~
The Defendant CFA between 1928 enG 1945 was
- 126 shy
BllOne other ~ositions held- on the Vevel Generil
Sterr (1930) section Cbie1 Generel end uilitery
Atteirs Pureau of tbe bullavy (1938) Cbie1 General
and llltery ftelrs Bureaux ot the lmiddotavy_ (October
1940 to August 1944) Vice Adlral ( 1942) Vice
Navy Hinster (20 July 1944) under 1crso Commandershy
1n-Cbie1 Ch1nka1- (Korea) tavel Stetlon (Septeriber
1944 to June 1945)
Conferences- 1234691113
The Defendant OKAVA between 1928 and 1945 was
eflong otner rositlons held- Director GeMtral of
the iest ~sis Research nstitute of the South
lenct-urien 1e1lwe rroll 1926 en orcsnizer of tte
ukden Incicent (Se-ptember 18th 1931) author of
t temiddotSnese Fistory Reeder (1935) enci 01 books
articles encl sreEeches advocatine aggressive war tormiddot
the expulsicn by force ot the wtit~ races from Asiamiddot
OSHD~
middotThe Jefendent C~~IM_ between 1928 end 194i 11es
llllong other rostlons held - ~llltery ttache in
Berlin (1936) tllbassedor tc ~ermeny (October 1938
to Octobe~ 1939) and egeln fron February 1941 to
rrril 1945
S 1TC
The Defendant SC b~tveen 1928 and 1945 was
among other Csitions held- Instructor rny Gonerel
Steff Colloga (1935) sttecbed to the ilitery middot-L middot
- 127 shy
bulltta1rs Bureau ot thfl Har ~1n1str~ enler or the
lenn1ng Poard (1937 to 19)8) Chief ot the 1111 tery
tta1rs Section ot the i111tery middottte1rs Auresu ot
themiddotrer r1n1stry (Februer3 1941 to middotpril 1942)
ISJor G6nerel (October 1941) Chiflt ot ilitary
tta1rs Pureau ot the tmiddoter 1n1stry ( pr11 1942 to
December 1944) Lieutenant Genpoundral (arch 1945)
the Defendant FGllITSU batveen 1928 and 1945
WEIS oiong other positions 1eld - l1nistEr to China
(1931) Vice lorolcn lnister under Saito and Cikede
(1933 to 19)6) cbessador to the Tnion ot 3ov1et
Socialist Relulillcs Wovemb6r 1936 to Nov61ilb6r 1938)
middotibessftor to t-re6t Britain ( 1938 to June 1941)
middotrebassedor to the 1-Tanltinr i_lrgtPet JovernnLnt (Decmb3r
1941 to Jril 1943) Foreitn inister under_ TOlO
( bullyr11 194) to July 1944) and Fordgn rinister and
concurrently linister for Greiter est sia under
KCI~O (July 1944 to hril 1945)
SHIWDA
The Detendent SRilJDA betveen 1928 nd 1945
was ar1ong other positions talC- Chier ot 5tatt
Combined Fleet (1930) Vice CMet revel General
Steft ( 1935 to 1937) Comlander of the econd Fleetmiddot
(December 19)7) COIJll8nder Chine Fleet (ay 1940)
full Admiral (1940) -ev_y inister under TClC (Cctoshy
ber 1941) appointed tc Su~reme middotmiddoter Cc=c1l (1944)
Chiet ot ravel General 3teft (February to July 1944)
Conferences- 12i314
bull 128 shy
SHIRATOR
The Defendant $IRAT0RI between 1928 and 1945
was eeong other positions held- Chief or Intorlll8shy
tion Bureau or the loreien Office ( 1930 h ~inister
to sweden orwar Denmark Finland (1936) Ambasbull
aador to Italy (1939) Adviser Japanese Foreign
Office (1940) author of an article in Conte~porary
Japan po1nt1ni_r out the necessity of a World Conflict
to establishmiddotthe llew Order in Asia (hpr11 le
1941) Director IR~Ps (1943)
suzmr
The Defendant SUZ~IYI between-1928 end 1945 was
among other middotpositions held- Lember of the middot111 tery
ffsirs Section or the War Iinistry middot(19Jl) attached
to the Bureau or ~litary ffairs of the ~er Departshy
ment (19J3) Official ot the Investigation Bureau
or the Cabinet (193S) Regimental Col11118nder of the
14th Regiment (1936) Chiefmiddot or the Political Affairs
Division or the Chine ~fairs Poard (December 19J8
to lpril 1941) actill8 Director General thereof
in 1940 middotrreeid~nt ot the Cabinet Planning Board
end Iinieter without orttolio (pr11 1941 to
Cctober 1943) under Konoye and T0ir Cabinet dviser
(Noveriber 1943 to Se~tember 1944) Director or the
IR 1bullbull t (1944)
Conrerances- 689111314
TOGO
The Defendant TOGO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- i~beesedor to (eroany
bull 129
(October 1937) Ambassador to tlll Obion ot Soviet
Socialist Republics (October 1938) Foreign Minister
and Minister for overseas Affairs under TOJO (October
1941 to )larch 1942) Foreign Xinist er and Kini st er
or Greater East Asia WJier SUZUKI (April 1945)
Conterences1- 11121314
TOJ01
The Detendlllt TOJO betireen 1928 ani 1945 was
among Other pos1tions held- Head ot the First
Section or the General Start (1931 to 1932) Chiet
or the Investigation Section or the Am7 Communica-
tions School (1932) Col11111ll1der or the Xilitar7
Police or the Kwantung Ann7 (1935) Chief or Starr
Kwantung Arrrrr (1937) Vice War Minister under
Konoye (Xay to Decenber 1938) Director General or
111litary Aviation (1938 to 1939) far llinb ter umer
Konoye (Julr 1940 to Decelligter 1941) tull General
(October 1940) Prime Ministerand war Minister
concurrentlr (December 2 1941 to Julr 1944) shy
during which period he was also at tirnea Rome
K1n1ster Minister or Jlunitlona and Chier or
General Starr
Conterences1bulll23456S9ll121314
UKEZUI
The Defendant UIIEZU between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held1- Chier or the General
Affairs Depart~~t ot thll War K1n1strr (1931)
Commander of the Japanese Forces 1n China (1934)
Vice war J1n1ster under HIROT Barash and Xonore
(Karch 1936 to Mar 1938) Comnanter of the Kwan tung
Armr and Ambassador to Manchukuo (1939 to 1944)
tull General (1940) Chief or General start (Jul7
1944 to 1945)
bullbull 11011bull 150 shy
- ANNEXES
-
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
-
- A-1 THE POTSDAM DECLARATION
- A-1-a JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-b REPLY BY SECRETARY OF STATE TO JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-c FINAL JAPANESE ACCEPTANCE
- A-2 INSTRUMENT OF SURRENDER
- A-3 MOSCOW CONFERENCE AGREEMET
- A-4 SPECIAL PROCLAMATION ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-5 CHARTER OF THE INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-6 INDICTMENT
-
- GROUP ONE CRIMES AGAINST PEACE
-
- Count 1
- Count 2
- Count 3
- Count 4
- Count 5
- Count 6
- Count 7
- Count 8
- Count 9
- Count 10
- Count 11
- Count 12
- Count 13
- Count 14
- Count 15
- Count 16
- Count 17
- Count 18
- Count 19
- Count 20
- Count 21
- Count 22
- Count 23
- Count 24
- Count 25
- Count 26
- Count 27
- Count 28
- Count 29
- Count 30
- Count 31
- Count 32
- Count 33
- Count 34
- Count 35
- Count 36
-
- GROUP TWO MURDER
-
- Count 37
- Count 38
- Count 39
- Count 40
- Count 41
- Count 42
- Count 43
- Count 44
- Count 45
- Count 46
- Count 47
- Count 48
- Count 49
- Count 50
- Count 51
- Count 52
-
- GROUP THREE CONVENTIONAL WAR CRIMES AND CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY
-
- Count 53
- Count 54
- Count 55
-
- APPENDICES
-
- APPENDIX A SUMMARIZED PARTICULARS
-
- SECTION 1 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN MANCHURIA
- SECTION 2 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN THE REST OF CHINA
- SECTION 3 ECONOMIC AGGRESSION IN CHINA AND GREATER EAST ASIA
- SECTION 4 METHODS OF CORRUPTION AND COERCION IN CHINA AND OTHER OCCUPIED TERRITORIES
- SECTION 5 GENERAL PREPARATION FOR WAR
- SECTION 6 THE ORGANIZATION OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FOR WAR
- SECTION 7 COLLABORATION BETWEEN JAPAN GERMANY AND ITALY AGGRESSION AGAINST FRENCH INDO-CHINA AND THAILAND
- SECTION 8 AGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION
- SECTION 9 JAPAN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA THE COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILLIPPINES AND THE BRITISH COMMONWEALTH OF NATIONS
- SECTION 10 JAPAN THE KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS AND THE REPUBLIC OF PORTUGAL
-
- APPENDIX B LIST OF ARTICLES OF TREATIES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUO ONE AND TWO
- APPENDIX C LIST OF OFFICIAL ASSURANCES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUP ONE
- APPENDIX D INCORPORATED IN GROUP THREE
- APPENDIX E STATEMENT OF INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR CRIMES SET OUT IN THE INDICTMENT
-
1JU1EX NO 1-1-c
JUDGIENT
INTERNJTIONL MILITARY TRIBUNiL FOR TEE FJR EAST
FINbL JbPIJESE ACCEPTANCE
LBGATION DE SUISSE bullwASHINGTON DC
Aurust 14 1945
Sir1
I have the h~nlr to refer to ylur note of
Aurust 11 in which you requested me to trcnsmit to
oy Government the re~ly ~f the Govcr=nts lf the
United st~tes the United Kinrdom the Union or
Slviet Slcialist Rc~ublics end Chine to the ressape
frlm the Jcpcneso a~vcrnoent which wcs com~unicntcd
in my n~te of August 10
lt 2010 todoy (Swiss Tine) the Jnpcnese
Minister to Switzcrlcnd conveyed the followiflishy
written strtclient to the Swiss Govcrnoent for trrnsshy
1issiln to the four Allied Glvnnmcnts1
Comtiunicrtion of the J~rrnesc Governnent
of Aurust 14 1945 cddressed to the Governoents
of the Unitcd Stetes Greet Britain the Slviet
Union ~nd Chinas 1171th reference to the Jcprnesc Governshy
rpound n11s hote lf 1uust 10 tqrardinl thE ir
nccer~cnce ~r the ~rovisi~ns of the Potsdam
Dcclorrtiln ~na the reply lf the Governments
f the United St~tcs Great Britain tho
Swi1ot Union l)nc Chini srnt by Jrnericn Sccreshy
t~ry f st~tc Zyrncs under the date of AUJUSt 11
- 9 shy
the J~pcnese Governricnt h~vc tho honor to cocshy
nunictc to the rovernnents of the four powers
rs follows
l Fis l~jcsty the ErrEgtror h-s iesued
rn nnerhl rescri~t rcfrrdine- Jprn s ccccptshy
nca of the nrovsions of thamp Potsd2c Daclcrcshy
tion
2 Fis Lr Jc sty the Jmperor is prcprrtid
to ~middotuthorize ~nd cnsur the signtture by his
Gcverrwunt cnd the Imperil-I Gcnerrl Herdqucrters
of the necessmiddot ry terris for crrry1ng out the
provisions of the fotsdc Deel rr tion Eis
r jesty is bull lso repf red to issue his coonrmiddotnds
to r-11 the nilitrry nmiddotvcl rnd middotir uthorities
of Jltpn degnd ell th forces uncicr thtiir control
vherever loc tcd to cs~ se ctive opertions to
surrender -rllS rnd to issue such other orders
s rny b required b the 5urrma Conrl nder of
the lli(d Feroes for th~ execution of th
bull bove-ncntioncd tcrls
1capt lr th- r~newtd rssurrnces of my
hiFhest consictertion
Grrssli Chrrge d middotrrires middotrd interim
of SWitzerlr nd
1r ~x Grssli Chmiddot rge abull rr~ ires middot d InteriL~ or
3yeni tzerlr nd
- 10 shy
A~TJIl TC J -2
JlJDG E-T
HTmmiddotmICITAL )III~RY TRIBUNtL FCR TH FAR EAST
e acting b command of and in behalf of the
ELlperor cf Jaran the Japanese ~overnment en~ the
Ja~anese Imperial General Feadouarters hereby
accept the provisions set forth in the declaretioc
issued by the heads or the Governments of the TTnited
States C ine end Great flritain on 26 July 1945 at
rotsdeo and subsequently adhered to b) the Union
of Soviet Socialist Re~ublics which four powers
ere hereafter referred to as the Allied ~ewers
e hereby proclain the unconditional surrender
to tte Jllied rowers of the Jarenese Imperial General
Heacq_uarters end of all anenese armed forces and
ell arMed forces under Jaanese control wherever
situated
e hereby collllend all Japanese foroes wherever
situated and the Je~epese people to cease hostilities
forthwith t(l preserve enc save fror- daoate ell
ships Eircreft and Eilitery ahd civil property
end to ccMply with all requirecents which may be
irroosed bmiddot the Supreme Cotlllenltler for the Allied
Powers or by agencies of the Jaranese Government at
his direction
middote hereby collllanc the Japanese rr~erial General
Peodquarters to issue at once orders to the Comshy
manders of ell Jaenese forces end all forces under
- 11 shy
middotJaanese control vherever situated to surrender
unconditionslly themselves and all forces under
their control
e hereby corllland all civil military end naval
officials to obey end enforce all proclsmetions
orders end directives deerued by the Supreme Comshy
mender for the Allied ~ewers to be proper to
effectuate this surrender end issued bmiddot hio or under
his authority and~~ direct all such officials to
re~~in at their posts end to continue to perform
their non-combatant duties unless specifically
relieved by hi1 er under his author ty
middotmiddote hereby undertaYe for the ELperor the
JaTienese Government end their successors to carry
out the provisions of the otsdan Declaration in
~cod feith end to issue whatever orders and teke
whatever action nay be rerured bl the Suprene
Corllonder for tte Allied rowers or by ony other
designated rspres~ntative of the tllied ~ewers for
tlie ~-urose or riving effect to that Decl1ration
e hcrebi corlland the Japenese Inerial
rovernrent ond the Japanese ImTierial General headshy
quarters et once to liberate all allied prisoners
of Mr end civilisn internees now under Japanese
control end to provide for their ~rotection cere
lillintenence and illllediete trans)ortrtion to places
es directed
~he euthority of ths m~eror and the Japanese
Government to rule the state shall be subject to
th~ 8upreme Colllllcnder for ths Allied Powers who will
tike auch steps as he deems proper to effectuate
- 12 shy
these terms or surrender
51gned et TokO Bsmiddot Janen at 0904 on the
Second dry of September 1945
By Command find In b6 alf of the Emnoror of Japan end the Jepanese Gov3rnment
Ycshirro Umezully Cornrnd endn behe lf of the JAFtnese lnperitl Genersl Hecduerters
fcCftod ct Tytyo E~ Te pan Et 0908 on the
~eccnd dry of lt1ertairbor 1945 for the ttnited Stctes
Reublio of Chine United fingdoP1 rnd the Union of
Soviet kci~list Republics e-nd in the interests of
the other Tnited Nrtions rt lier with Jopcn
C l NiMit z Unlted St~tes Representtive
Hsu Yung-ChFnll
Bruce Fr-ser United Kinqcon JepresentEtive
lieuten~nt renerrl K Derevyrnko Union of ~ovlet Soolrllst RepublicsRepresent~tive
T bull Blrmy Corimiddotcnwer-lth of fustrlic RepreBEnhtive
I bull toore Cos lr ne DoMinlcn cf eenfdf lepresentctrve
le Chrc ~rovl~icnsl Gov~rnment of the French Republic qerrescnt~tive
- lJ shy
C ~ 1 Helfrich flngdom of the ~c~hcrlmiddotncs Reprsent~tive
Ltonmiddotrd middot Isittmiddot Doninion of Pew Zcmiddotlmiddotnd Rcnrcsentctive
~ccptin the terms set forth in tho De~l r shy
tion issued br the heds of the Goverll1lcnts of the
1Jni tcd st tes Grert Eritcin ind Lhin on July 26
1945 r-t otsdru nd subsequently ~dhered to by the
Union of ~oviet Soci list Re~ublics I hva commnde4
the lmiddot J nose Irperil Governm-nt ~nd the J1p~ nese
lllperi l Gener~ 1 He dqu~rter13 to sign on my behlf
the instrument of surrender presented by the Supreme
ColDlmiddot nder for the llied owsrs 7nd to issue Generfl
Orders to the lil1trry bullnd IIbullvbulll forces in cccordrnclt
with the direction of the Supr5lilC Comm ndw- for the
llied Fowers I co=rnd rll my people forthwith to
cerse hostilities to lbully down their irms nd fbullithshy
fullr to c~rry out middot11 the provisions of the instrushy
rent of surrcndor middotnd th Generrl Orders issued by
the ry~ nese Im~erirl C-encrbull 1 lier dqu~ rters thereunde
- 14 shy
JNNEX NO J-3
JUDGMENT
INTLRNATIONAL MILITRY TRIBUNJ FOR THE FAR EA-
MOSCOV CONFERENCE AGREE-ENT
The Forei rn Ministers of the Union If Soviet
Scicl1st Republics the United Kinrdom and ~e United Stetes of ncricn met in Moscow frrr December
16 to December 26 1945 in ncc0rd with the
decision of the Crimea Conference poundOnf1rmed nt t~
Berlin C0nference thet there shuld be er ind ic conshy
sultnt11ll between them At the meetinfs of the 3
Foreign Ministers discussions took plnce on nn
informnl nnd erlorntory bnsis r-nd crrecmrnt wns
renched on the follow1np questions bull
bullbullibullbull
i The Supreme Commnltkr shdl 1ssuc nll
Orders for the inplmiddotmcntati ln of the Terms of
SurrendEr the Occupatigtns end control of J~)~n
nnd Dirc-ctives supplercmiddotntnry thereto In middotoll cases
action will be cnrricd cgtut uncer me throurh the
Supreme Commender who is the s0le Excmiddotcutive ruth0rity
for the Allied Povers in Joprn He 1ill consult nnd
id vise vii th the Council in ndvnnce of thc is sunnce
gtf Orders on mnttcrs of substance the rxirencies
of the situation permittinr his decisions upon
these octtcrs shall be controllinr
middot
- 15 shy
mrtJC T( -4
Jl JYl TJ-1T
=rcr middotr ircr middotmiddotmiddotmiddot1rr~r
JTltlISP~T ( 11 1 TCI IIIT1Y TRI~UNL
FOR CU~ FR ~ST
ViHlES the United Ltetes end the Netions
allied therewith in orposing the illegal wars of
aggression of the middotxis fJetions have froll time to
tine made declarations cf their intentions that
war crininals should be brought to justice
17 middot the Governnents of the middot111ed -ewers
et war with Japan en the 26th July 1945 at ~otsdam
declared as one of the terns of surrender that
middotstern Sustice shall be meted out to all Yer crimshy
inals including those who hove visited cruelties
upon our ~risoners
F~ middot b~middot the Instrument of Surrender of
Tenen eirecuted et ollt~middoto lay Jaran on the 2nd
lterter1er 1945 the signatories for Tapan by
colnllenc of and n behalf of the un~a~or enc the
re~anese Government accented the terms set forth
in such Declaration at otsddm
FE1 middot by such Instrument of Surrender the
authority of tle Srnperor and the Ja~ anese Government
to rule the etate of middotr_aen is made subject to the
Suprene Cv~bullbuller for the bull-llied owers who is
suthorized to take such steps as he deems proper
tc- effectuate the terms of surrender
- 16 shy
HEREbull 5 the undersigned has been designated by
the lied overs as Suprelle Colltander for the
llied ~obullers to carry into effect the general
surrender of the Japanese arned forces
middotmiddot~middot S the Governments of the United States
Great lri tain -nd russia at the middotoscoy Conference
26th Decer1ber 1945 having considcrei the effectushy
ation by Jaan of the Teris of surrender with tte
concurrence of China have agreed thet the Supreme
ColMander shall issue all Crders for the implamenshy
tetion of the Terns ot Surrender
rC1middot11 THffSFORl I Douglas Hae rthur BS
Supreme Co~mender for the llied rowers by virtue
of the authority so conferred upon ne in order to
imlement the Term of Surrender which requires the
meting out of stern justice to war criminals do
order and provide as follows
RTICl~ 1 There shall be established en
International 1-ilitery Tribunal for the Far est
for the trial of those persons charged individually
o~ es members of oranizations or in both capacishy
ties yith Qffenses which include crimes against
peace
middotR~ICI~ 2 The Constitution jurisdiction and
functions of this Tribunal are those set forth in
the Ghnter of the International lilitiry Tribunal
for thpound ~er Vest a~~roved by mo this day
middot~~JCI~middot3 Nothing in this Order shell
prejudice theJurisdiction of any other internatione
netlonel or occuretion court conriission or other
tribunal established or to be established in Japan
bull 17
or in any territory or a United Nation with Which
Jann has been at war for the trial or war
criminols
Given under my hand et Tokyo this 19th dey
of January 1946
be bullt Iso RTHUR Gontrol of the rmy United State$ rmySupreme Commender for the llied Powers
bull
- 18 shy
ArJllEX NO bull A-5
JODGMBIU
CHARTER
OF THE HJJill~ATICNH lILITARY TRIBUNAL FCR T~o FPR EAST
SECTICI~ I
COSITlJICN CF TRIBU1~~L
ARTICIE 1 middotTribunal Established The Intershy
national Yilitary Tribunal for the Far East is hereshy
by established for the just ano prompt trial and
punishment of the major war criminals in the Far
East The permanent seat of the Tribunal is in
Tokyo
4ITIC1E 2 embers The Tribunal ehall c 0
onsistmiddot
of not less than six ne~bers ruir ncre than eleven
members appointed by the Supreme Commander for the
Allied ~ewers from the names submitted by the Signashy
tories to the Instrument of qurrender India and
Phe Commonwealth of the Philippines
AlTICLE 3 Officers and Secretariat
a President The Supreme Commander for
the lllied Powers Shall appoint a Member to be
President of the Tribunal
b Secretariat
(1) The Secretariat ot the Tribunal
shall be composed o~ a General
Secretary to be appointed by the
Supreme Commander tor tle llied
Powers end such assistant seersshy
bull 19 bull
tariee clerks interpreters erd
other personnel as may be necesshy
sary
(2) The General Secretary shall organshy
ize and direct the work of the
Secretariat
()) The Secreteriet shell receive ell
documents addressed to the
Tribunal maintain the records or
the Tribunal provide necessary
clerical services to the Tribunal
end its members and perform such
other duties as may be designated
by the Tribunal
JRTICL 4 Convening and uorum Votinl1 1 and
bsence
a Convening and luorum When as many as
six members or the Tribunal are present they may
convene the Tribunal in formel session The
presence ore majority or ell members shall be
necessary to constitute e quorum
b Voting All decisions end judgments
of this ~rlbunel including convictions an~ sentenshy
ces shall be by a maJorit7 vote or those members
or the Tribunal present rn case the votes are
evenly divided the vote or the ~resident shall be
decisive
c Abseaoe Ir a member et any time is
absent a~d afterwards ls able to be ~resent he
shall take part in ell subsequent proceeding~
unless he declares 1n open court that he is disbull
- 20 bull
quelitied by reeson of insutticient middottsriiliarity with
the proceedings which took place in his absence
SllCJICN II
Jll~ISDICTINT HD Gll1-~AL ~OVISIOTS
ltRTICIE 5 Jurisdiction Cver ersons end
Offenses The ~r1bunel shall heve the power to try
and runis~ Fer e~tern wer cri~inals who es indivshy
iduals or as members of orranizetions ere charged
with offenses which Lclude Criries against Peace
Tbeefol_lovinr acts or eny of them are crimes
coni~e within the jurisdiction of the ~ribunel for
which there shall be individual responsibility
a Criries against Peace Namely the
planning ~reparation ni_iation or waging of a
declereo or undeclared var of aggression or a war
in violation of intern~tionul lew trerties agreeshy
ments or ossurpoundnces or perticipction in o common
plr n or cc nspirr cy for the occon91iehment of lny of
the foregoing
6 Conventionel ~r ~rires Nenely
vioLtions ot the lrws or custocs of wer
c CriJ11es rrrinst -uw nity Nrmely
curdor extcrmintion enslvcment deportrtion
nd other inhum-ne ~cts committed before or during
the w~r or pereeoutions on politicrl or rtciEl
grounds in execution ot or in connection with my
crime ~ithin the urisdiction of the Tribunrl
whether er not in violbulltion of the domestic 1w of
the country -here perp1tr( ted Le~dcrs orgnizers
lnstig~tors middot nd rccomplices prrticipbull ting in the
- 21 shy
tormuletion or executiomiddotn of a common plan or conshy
spiracy to commit any otmiddotthe foregoing crimes ere
responsible tor eil acts performed by any person
in execution or such plan
RTICL~ 6 Responsibility of Accuse~ Neither
the official position at any time of en ecc~sed 1 nor the feet that an accused acted pursuant to order
of his government or ot a superior shall of itself
be sutficient to free such accused from responsibil shy
ity tor any crime with whi~b he is charged but euch
circumstances may be considered in mitigation of ___
punishment it the Tribunal determines that jus~ioe
so requires
ARTICLE 7 Rules of Procedure The Tribunal
may draft and amend rules of procedure consistent
with the fundamental provisions of this Charter
AR~TCLE 8 Counsel
e Chief of middotcounsel The Chief of Counsel
desieneted by the Supreme Commender tor the Allie4
Powers is responsible for the investigation end
prosecution of charges against war criminals within
the jurisdictionmiddot of this Tribunal and will render
sue~ legal assistance to the Supreme Commander es
is appropriate
b Associate Counsel Any United Netion
with which Japan has been et war may appoint en
~ssociate Counsel to assist the Chief of ~ouneel
SECTICN III
FAIR TRIAL FO~ ACCUSED
ARTICLE 9 Procedure for Feit Trial In order
- 22 shy
t~ nsure fair trial fo~ the accused the following
procedure stell be followed
a Indictment The indictment shell
consist of a plein concise and adequate statement
of each offense charged Each accused shall be
furnished in adequate time for defense a copy of
the indictment including ~ny amendment end of this
Charter in a larguage understood by the accused
b Language The trial and related proshy
ceedings shell be conducted in Eglish and in the
laniuage of the accused Translations of documents
and other papers shall be provided as needed and
requested
c Couns~l for Accused taph accused
shall have the right to be represented by counsel
of his own selection subject to the disapproval
of such counsel at any tifle by the Tribunal The
eccused shall file with the General Secretrry of
the ~ribunal the name of his counsel If an accused
is not represented by counsel and in open court
requests tJe Blbullpointment of counsel the Tribunal
shall designate counsel for him In the absence
of such request the Tribunampl may appoint counsel
for an accused if in its judgment such appointment
is necessery to provide fer a fair trial
d Evidence for Defense An accused
shall have the right through himself or throurmiddoth
his counsel (but not through both) to conduct his defense inclbulliding the right to examine any witness
subject to such reasonable restrictions as the
Tribunal may deterMine
- 23 shy
e Production of ~vidence for the
Defense An accused may ap~ly in writing to the
Tribunal formiddot the Tgtroduction rf witnesses or of
documents The anplication shall state where the
witness or document is thou~ht to be looated It
shall also state the facts nroposed to be proved
by the witness or the document and the relevancy
of such facts to the defense If the ~ritunal
grants the a~plication the Tribunal shall be given
such al d in obtaining nroduction of the evidencemiddot
as the circumstances reouire
ARTICLE 10 Applicetions end Hotions before
Trial All motions epplicatioqs or other requests
addressed to the Tribunal prior to the commencement
of trial shall be made in writing end filed with
the General Secretary of the Tribunal for action
by the Tribunal
S11CTICN IV
J(1RS 0F JRIBTPI ~~D COTDTTCT CF TRIAL
AR~ICLll 11 ~ The Tribunal shall have
the newer
a To summon witnesses to the trial to
require ther to attend and testify and to question
them
b To interrogate each accused and to
~ermit comment on his refusal to answer any question
o To require the production of documents
end other evidentiary material
d To require of each witness ampn oath
affirmation or such declaration ea is customary in
- 24 shy
the country of the witness end to adminiter oaths
e To appoint officers for the carrying
out of any task designated by the lribunal includshy
lng the Ower to Jave evidence taken on corunissicn
AR~ICIE 12 Conduct of Trial The mribunel
shall
a Confine the trial strictly to en
expeditious hearin of the issues raised by the
charges
b Take strict measures tQ prevent en7
action which would cause any unreasonable delay and
rule out irrelevant issues end statements of any
kind whatsoever
c ~rovide for the maintenance of order
at the trial end deal summarily with any contumacy
imposing eppropriete runishment including exclushn
of any accused or ~is cou~sel f~om some or all
further proceedings but without rrejudice to the
deterninPtion of the charges
d Dctcrminamp the mental snd physicel
ccp9city cf en7 accused to riroceed to trial
f8J1E 13 ~vidcnce
e Adgt1issibilitv The Tribunal shell not
be bound bv techniccl rules of evidence It shall
rdopt ~nd ~ply to the gre~test possible extent
expeditious end non-trchnic1 procedure middotnd shr11
dmit ~ny evidence which it deems to hve proktive
vrlue All rur1orted dmissions or stctemcnts of middot
the Cousod re cimissible
b RelGv~ nee Th Tri bun_l m7 r_oquire
to be informed of tho m turc of - ny evidence before
- 25 shy
1t is otteredmiddot-111 order to rule ut1on the relev1 rice
c Specific evidence Pdclssible In
prrticulir ~r~ without limiting in middotny wmiddotmiddoty the
scope ot tbe foreroing gonerrl rules the tolhwing
ovidonce m~y be rdmittcd
(1) A document rcgbullmiddotrdlcss of its
security cl~ssitic~tion nd
without root of its issumiddotnce or
sign~ture which l6~rs to th
Tribunrl to h~ve beonsigntd or
issued by bullny officer dop rtraent
ltgcncy or mtnbcr of thi bullrmed
forces ot rny goverruncnt
(2) A -lt~middott t cl pc(rs to the
Tribun-1 to hrvo bean signed or
issued by tho InternPtiondegl Rod
Cross or r member thcreot or
by r doctor of medicino or n7
medicrl sGrvice personnel or by
rn investlg-tor or intollige~co
officer or by ~ny other person
who middotppers to the Tribunrl to
hrvc nersonPl knowledge ot tha
llltters continod in tho r port
J) An eftidavit deposition or other
signed statement
(4) A diary letter or other document
including sworn or unsworu steteshy
ments-which appear to the Tribushy
nal to contain inforlll8tion relat shy
ing to the chmiddotarge
- 26 shy
(5) A copy of e document of lther
seclnch1ry Evidence lr its contents
if the oripin~l is not immediately
nvPileble
d JudiciPl Not~ce The Tribunal shall
neither require prof of rccts or common knewledpe
nor or the authenticity of ~rricial ~~vernment
~ocuocnts and reports or rny nation or or the proshy
cecdins records end findinrs or militnrymiddot or other
arencies or rny er the United Nations
e Records Exhibits llld Documents The
transcript or the procecdinps rnd exhibits end
documents submitted to theTribun~l will be filed
with the General Stcretary ormiddotthc Tribunal end will
constitute plrt or the Record
RTICLE 14 PlPee or Triel The first trial
will be held at Tokyo end eny subsequent tria~s
~111 be held et such rleces a$ the Tribunnl decides bull
poundIlTICLE 15 Course of Trial Proceedings The
-proceedinfs et tho Trial will take the fcllowing
C1JUISel
a The indictoent will be read in court
unless the roadinf is waived by all accused
b The Tribunalmiddot will ask each accused-
llhothtr he pleads ruilty er not ruilty
c The prosecution and each accused (by
counsel only 1 represented) ~ay ~ake a cmcise
opining stotencnt
d The prosecution ond defense may ofter
evidence nnd the admissibility or the same shall be
dpoundtermined by the Tribune~
- 27 shy
e The rrosecution end each accused bf
coun~el only if represented) JTl8Y examine each
witness and each accused who elves testimony
r ccused (by counsel only if represhy
sented) MSY address the Tribunal
g Tho prosecution may address the
Tribunal
h The Tribunal will deliver Judgment
and pronounce sentence
SECTICm V
JUOOI1INT ~TD 3a~~CE
RTICLE 16 Penolty Tho Tribunal shall have
the ower to im2ose upon an accused on conviction
death or such other ~unisrunent as shall be detershy
runod by it to be just
RTICI~ 17 Judgment end Review The Judgment
willmiddotbo onnounced in open court end will give the
reesons on which it is based The r~cord of the
triampl will be transmitt~d directly to the Supreme
Collllander for tho llied ewers for his action_
Sentence will be carried out in accordance with the
Order 9f the Supreme Commender for the llie_d Powqe
who mBy et ony time reduce or otherwise elter the
sentence except to increase ts severity bull
By comm1cnd or GenErl UooRTliUR
RICH1RD J MiREHLL llljor GEnerrl General-Steff cmiddotorpe
Chief of Steff
OFFICIL
s Bl Fitch B l FITCH
Brigrdior Cenorel 1 GD middot djutrnt General
28 bull
ANNEX NO A-6
JUDGMENT
WTIWATirNAL mIITAtv TRIBUNAL FOR THE PAR EAST
INDICT1NT
THf llTTlD STNJES CF AERICA TtE REPUBLIC OF CHINA
THE T~TIID YINGDO CF qEftT BRITAnr AND UCRTHERN
I~EI~D Tl-TE rmrorr CF SOVIET fCCIAUST R)lPT1J3LICS~
TFli COl~C1llUTF OF ~USTRAUA CArADA THE REgtUBLIC
OF fRAlTCE ii KIYGDrl 01 THE NETHERLAlDS NEW
ZlALAm nDI A AND Tl-~ COlJONWEALllI CF liE
PFILirgtn~s
bullAGAINST shy
A~AKI Sedao DCFIARA Kenji liASHDlOTC _Kingoro
FfTA Sunroku FIRANUMA K11chiro HIROTA Koki
HCSRnro Naciki ITGAKIbull Seishiro l7AYA Okinori
KIDO Koichi KDURA Eeitaro rcrsc Kuniaki
~~fTST1I _Iwene lATSTJCPA Yosuke MDTflI middot Jiro
HOTO llkire NAGAPO Osemi CKA Takasumi OKllllA
Shume1 OJlnfA Hiroshi S-TO Ienryo ffiIGlITSU
Memoru SPnrnA Shiretaro SP-IRATORI Tosh1o
~TZJ~I Teiichi TrGC Shigenori TCJO Hideki
UEZU Yoshijiro
Defendants
INDICJ1Ell
In the years hereinafter refe~red to in thie
Indictment the internal and foreign policies middotor JapaL
were dominated ane directed by a cr~inal militarshy
istic clique and such policies were the cause of
serious world troubles aggressive wars end great
- 29 shy
damage to the interests of reace-loving peoples es
well as the interests of the 1apanese peo1e themshy
selves
~he ampind of the Jananese people wes systematicshy
ally poisoned with harmful ideas of the alleged
raciel superiority of ~aran over other peopls of
Asia and even of the whole world Such parllamentarl
institutions es existed in Japan were used as impleshy
ments for widespread aggression and a system similat
to those tren established by Hitler and the Nazi
party in Germany and by the Faicst party in Italy
was introduced The economic and financial resourtef
of lapan were tc a large extent riobillzed for war
a lJiis to the detrinent of the velfare of the Japanespound
pao~le
A conspiracy between the defencants joined in
br the rulers of othr aggressive countries naLely
Tazi Germany anc Fascist Italy as entered into
The rmiddotain objects of tis consiiracy vmiddotas to secure
the dominetion and exrloltation br the aggressive
States of the rest of tte world end to this end
to collllit or encourage the co~mission of crires
against peace war crimes end criries against humanshy
ity as defined in the Charter of this Tribunal thus
threatening end in~uring the basic principles of
liberty end respect fer the hunen personality
In the _rrorotion end accor1plishment of that
achene t~ese defendants taking advantege of their
power and their official positions and their own
personal ~restige and influence intended to and
did plan prepare initiate er vege aggressive ver
- JObull
against the United States of America the Republic
of China the United Kingdoll of Great Pimiddotaain ampnd
trorthern Irelend the 1Tnion of Soviet 50cialist
Republics the Cort1rtonwea 1th of Australia Canada
the Renublc of France the Yingcom of tre Nethershy
lends Pew Zealenc India tte CoJ11onwea 1th of the
Philippines end other reaceful nations in vioetion
of international law es well as in violetion ol
sacred treat- cotJni tme_nts obligetlons and assurshy
ances such plan ccnteu~leted end carried out th~
vibhtion of recognized custoras end conventions of
war b murder in~ niaiming anlt ill-treating prisoners
of war civilian internees end persons OL the high
sees denyine theM edequate food shelter clothing
medicsmiddotl cere or other alrroprifte attention
forcing them to labour under inhwane conditions
end subjecting thera to indignities exploit to
Japans benefit the llenpower snd economic resources
of the vanquished netions plundering public end
private ))ropert1- wantonly destroying cit tms
end villPges beyond eny justification of m1~~tery
neceesity nerretrate mess murder rape pillege
brigEndage torture ampnd other barbaric cruelties
uron the helpless civiliun populetion of the overshy
run countries increampse tre influence and control
of the- mil1t1Jr nnd navel grours over Jepcnese
government offic lels Fnd egencies psyl)hologicelly
prepare Japan-se public opinion for argressive warshy
fare by establishing so-celled ~ssistcnce Societies
teaching netionelistic policies of expansion disshy
seminetinr w~r proprgende end exercising strict
- Jl shy
control over the press rnd redio set up puppet
governuents in conuered countries conclude rlilit-ry
aliicnces with Germn~middot rnd Itrl to enhnce by
military 1ight Jfnrn s progrtrime of expansion
Therefore the cbove nr-ned N2ticns ty their
undersicned representntives ~uly cppoi~ted to
renresent their respective Gover=ents in the invesshy
tigction of the chorges cgcinst end the prosecution
of the middotIe-jor We r Criminrls iiursuent to the Potsdm
Decl~rton of the 20th Jul 1945 end the Instrushy
ment of Surr-rnder of thE 2nd Septerober 1945 0nd
the Chrrter of the Tri bun 1 hereby 0 ccuse cs guilty
in the respects hsrein~fter set forth of Crimes
igcinst Oeece 1rr Grines rmiddotnd Criries gninst wn1mshy
ity ond of rommon Pl1-bullns or Conspircies to collJlit
these Crimes 211 cs defined in the Ch~rter of the
Tribuml end rccordingly n~me rs Defendnts in this
cruse end cs indicted on the Counts hersin1middotfter set
out in which their n-middotns respectively qipe( r ~11
the [bove-n_med individurls
GRCUP NI CRI89 AGAIST FE CE
The following counts charge Crimes against
Feece being Pcts for which it is charged that the
persons naned and each of trem are indivi~ually
resnonsible in accordance with Article 5 and particshy
ularly frticle 5(a) and (b) of the Charter of the
International ilitary Tribunal for the Far East
and in accordance with International Law or either
of them
- J2 bull
CotTNI 1
P11 the DefendMts together ~1th divers other
persons between the let January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
Axecution of a common rlan or conspirac~ and are
resnonsible for all acts performed by themselves
or br anr )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such ~lan or ccnsniraci was that
Japan should secure the military naval poll ti cal
and economic dorinetion of East bullsia and of the
Pacific and Inaian Oceans and of all countries and
islands therein end bordering thereon and for that
nurpose slould alone or in combination with other
ccuntries hevinf sillilar objectii or who could be
indicecl or coerced to foin therein wage declared
or undeclared wer or wars of aggression and war or
wars middotin violetion of international lew treaties
agreements and assurances ega~nst eny country or
countries which might oppose that ~urpose
The whole of the ~articulars in Appendix A
of the Treaty Jrticles in Appendix B end of the
ssurances in bullppendix C relate to this Count
CCUNT 2
~11 the Defendants toqether with divers other
persons between the 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instigators or eccomrlices in tbe formulation er
execution of a cormiddotUlOn 1an or conspiracy and are
resgtonsi ble for ell acts perforr1ed by themEelves or
by an3middot person ln execution of such plan
- 33 shy
The object of such_pian or conspiracy wes that
laren should ascure the military navel political
end economicmiddot dominction of the rovinces of Lieoning
Kirin Heilunpkieng end lehol bein~ perts of the
Re)ublic cf Chine either directl~ or by establishshy
ing a separate state under the control of Jenen
end for that rurpoae should wage declared or undeshy
clared war or wars of aggression end war or wars
in violation of internationai law treaties agreeshy
ments and assurances against the Republic of China
The whole of the Particulors in ~ppendix 1
the following rrreaty rticles in lpendix P Nos 1
to 6 inclusive 8 to 14 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive
32 to 35 inclusive and tlie following ssurances in
~ppendix C Nos 1 to 8 inclusive relate to this
Count
cmrr-1] 3
All the Defendants together with divers other
oersons betveen tbe 1st January 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 particpeted as leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a corimon ilan or consbull~racy Fnd are
resionsible for all acts perfoned bi ttemselves or
b1 inymiddot )erson in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or conspirscy wes that
Japan should ~ecure the military navel political
and economic doffiinetion of tha Reutlic of Chins
either directly or by estblishingmiddot separate state
or stctes under the control of Japcn Pnc for thct
~urpose shoulc wage declared or unceclared wrr or
- 34 shy
wars of age-ression end wer or vars in violation
of international law treaties agreements and
assurances agein~t the Rerublic of China
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix l end the sane Treaty rticles and ssurances as in Count
2 relate to this Count
CCTJNT 4
11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons betwemiddoten tle stmiddot Zanuory 1928 and the 2nd
Senterrber 1945 participated as leaders organizers
instieotors or eccomrlices in the formulation or
execution of a comrion lan or cons1gtiracy ind ere
resnonsible for ell sets performed by themselves or
b any person in execution of such plin
The object cf such plan or ccns~iracy was that
Jenan should secure the 11ili tary nuvel political
and economic do11nation of East sia and of the
Facific ond Indian Oceans tnd of ell countries end
islands therein or borderinpound thereon end for thet
purrose should alone or in coabim tion with other
countries bovine sniler objects or who could be
induced or coerced to Join therein wage declared or
undeclered wer or we-rs of aggression and wer or
wars in violPtion of internationhl la~ treaties
egreerents )nd assuu-nces egt-instmiddot the Pnited Strtes
of neric11 tre British Conmonwealth of Nutions
(which expression ~herever used in this Indictment
inoludes the UnitedKingdom of Greot Britsin end
Northern Ire lend the Commonweel th of bullustrelil
CFOds Jew ZePlond South ifiicE India Burma thbull
- 35 shy
I~P lay States end all other narts of the Eri tish
Erpire not serarately represented in the League of
Nations) the Republic of France the lingdom of
the letherlends tre Republic of China the Republic
of Portueel the Kingdom of ~hailand the Cororronshy
wea 1th of the Philippines ana tle tTnion of Soviet
Socialist Reublics or such er them as might oppose
trat ptlIJOOSB
Tle whole of the Particulars in Aopendix A
end of the ~reaty Articles in A9pendix P and of the
Assurances in Appendix C relete to this Count
CCUtT 5
~11 the Defendants together with divers other
persons beteen tJie 1st lanuer 1928 and the 2nd
September 1945 rarticipated es leaders organizers
instigators or accomplices in the formulation or
execution of a conunon plan or conspiracy and are
responsible for all acts performed by themselves or
by an person in execution of such plan
The ob1ect of such plan or conspirec was that
Germany Italy end apan should secure the military
navalmiddot politicalend economic doriination of the
whole world each having special domination in its
own sphere the sphere of Japan covering East tisie
the Pacific and Indien Oceans and all countries end
islands therein or bordering thereon end for that
nurnose should mutually assist one another to wage
declared or undeclared war or wars of aggression
and war or wars in violation of international law
treaties a~reelents end assurances against any
countries which might o~~ose thet ~~rpose and parshy
ticularly against the United States of America the
British Comraonwealth of Nations the Renublic of
France the 1ingdcm of the Netherlands the Republic
of Uhina the Republic cf Portugal the Kingdom of
Thailand the Commonwealth of the Philippines end
the Union of Soviet Socialist Renublics
The whole of the Particulars in Appendix A and
of the Treaty ~rticles in lppendix 1 and of the
Assurances in ppendiz C relate to this Count
CCUNT 6
hll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928middot
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression end a war in violrtion of intershy
national law treaties agreSlents andassurances
against the Renublic of China
The followingSections of the Particulars in
lppendiz rros l to 6 inclusive end the same
Treaty rticles and Assurances as in Count 2 relate
to this Count
COTThT 7
lll the Defendants between the 1st January 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 planned and prepared a
war of aggression and a war in violation of intershy
national law treaties agreements end assurences
against the United States of rmerica
The followine middotsections of the Particulars in
1ppendiz middot Nos 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10_ tle folJowshy
ing Treaty ~rticles in Appendix B Nos l to 10
bull 3T bull
inclusive 17 to 19 inclusive 22 to )5 inclusive
end 37 and the whole of the f surences in ppendix
C relate to this Count
CCUNT 8
Ill the Defendants between the 1st Jenury
1928 end the 2nd September 1945 planned and preshy
pared a wer of aggression end e war in viohtion of
international law treaties agreements end assurshy
ances epeinst the lTnited lingdom of ltlreet Britein
end Northern I~elend enc ell rerts of the British
CommonwePlth of Nations not the subject of separate
counts in this Indictment
The following Sections of the ~erticulors in
lpehdix middotbull N~ J 4 5 6 7 9 End 10 nd tbe
fcllowine Trepoundty 1rticles in ppendix B Nos 1 2
5 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to JO inclusive 32 to
)5 inclusive 37 and J8 and the whole of the
bullseuronces in 0pendix C relate to this Count
C(ITJT 9
All the Defendentsmiddotbetween the 1st January
1928 fnd the 2nd September 1945 plEnned end preshy
prred e war of eggression Ende war in violcticn of
internntion~l low treaties egreements anQ assurshy
ences geinst the Cor1nonveilth of ustralie
The sene Sectiofts of the Portioul~rs in
ppendix rnd the some Trety middotrticles poundgtnd ssurshy
~noes rs in Count 8 relrte to this Count
- JS shy
COTHT 10 bull
middot11 tl-J e Defencrrts between the 1st Jonu~ry 192
end tbe 2nd Seutember 1945 plnned cnd prepmiddotred e
wFr of nRression ~nd WPr in vlolbulltion of intershy
nctionamiddot1 l~w tre 0 tics rgreeuents rnd essurampnC6S
cpPinst Rew 7eelrnd
The s~le Cections of the ~rticulirs in ~ppudi
Z end the SEmiddotme Trety rticles end )ssurrnces fS i1
Count 8 relcte to this Count
CCTT 11
111 the Delend~nts beteen the 1st J1middotnurgtry 1921
rnd the 2nd Se~tcober 1945 plnned and prepcred
war of oegression ~nd c wrr in viot~iion of intershy
ntioIel lr-w treeties rgreenents rnd essuronce
rgoinst c~nd3
The srme Sections of the ~rrticulfrs nprendi
middot end the s~ne Trerty rticles nd ssur-nces- rs in
Count 8 relFte to this Count
CCITI 12
f11 tto Dcofendnts between tbe 1st i nury 92
ena tr e 2nc Sef)tenter 1945 ~lenned ~nd nrapired 8
wor of -egresson ind c Wr n viohtion of intershy
nrt~omiddotmiddot--1 lrmiddotw trampcties Fgreenents ~nd cssur~middotnces
against India
The ssroe Sections of the rarticu~ in ~ppendiJ
and the sar-e Treaty rticles end ssurarces as 1
Connt 8 relate to this Count
~ 39 shy
C()TJT 13
~11 the Defendants between the 1st JenuPry 192
and the 2nd September 1945 planned end nrepered a
war of aggression and a wer n violction of intershy
national law treaties agreenents end assurances
against the Corironwealth of tle rilirmiddotnines
The sane Sections of the ~artcul9rs in ppendil
and the ss~e Treaty ~rticles end tssurances as in
Count 7 relate to this Count
CCTTT 14
11 the Defendants between the 1st 1enuary 1928
and the 2nd September 1945 ~lenned aad prersred a
wer of aegression znd a wer in viclEtion of intershy
national law treet-ies egreeraents end assurauces
arainst the Kingdol of the ~TeterlEltnds
The following Sections cf the Particulars in
ppendix ~ 11os J 4 6 7 9 and 10 the follcwshy5 ing Treaty rticles in ppendix R Nos 1 to 5
inclusive 10 to 18 inclusive 20 22 to JO inclusivf
32 to 35 inclusive 37 a~d 38 end tte f ollovin~
sur~nces in ~-pendix C tlos 10 to 15 inclusive
relate to this Cou~t
CrTl 15
11 the Defendnts between t~e 1st January
1928 end tr e 2nc1 Se[lterber 1945 planned end
~repered a var of fression enc a wer in violeti_on
of internetional la~ treities aerreerents end
assurences agaicst the Rerublic of ~ranee
~te following Sections of the Particulors in
- 40 shy
ppeniix middot osbull 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 tre
folloving Treaty ~rticles in ipendix B Nos 1 to
5 inclusive 10 to 19 inclusive 22 to 30 inclusive
and 32 to 38 inplusive and the follobulling Assurmceio
in ppendix C os 14 and 15 relate to this Count
COTl 16
11 the Lefendants betveen tle 1st anuary
1928 and the 2nd Sentember 1945 1anned and preshy
rsrecl a war of afgression encl a buller in violation of
international lew treaties agreements and assurshy
ances apeinst tte Lingdcm of Theilend
The following Sections of the ~erticulers in
ppendix bull Nos 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 and 10 and
the followin Treaty middotrticles in middotpenCix B lJos
3 4 5 JO end 32 to 38 inclusi~~ ~elate to this
Ccunt
crHT 17
111 the Defendants between the 1st January
1928 and the 2nd September 1945 planned end rreshy
rered a wer of afgressl en and a r in viohtion of
international lav treaties i_reerents ond assurshy
ances qeinst t~ e ncn of Soviet ~ocialist
Renublics
Tre followinr Sections of the amprticulars n
bullnendix bull Nos 1 to 8 inclusive ancl the folluing
Jreety middotrtic] es Lmiddot lenclix B os 1 to 5 inclusive
10 to 18 inclusive 32 tc 35 inclisive 39 to 47
inclusive Pnd middotmiddotssurence Ho 13 in npendix C
relEte to this Count
- 41shy
CCF 18
middothe Defendents 1KI DCFIR RfSHIMOTO
I1 bullm1- bull IT bullotTI Kcrsc rJI I cKrt 11IGELITSU
TC10 and middot~rzu on qr ebout the lftth Septerber 1931
1nit1eted a wer of aggression and a warin violation
of internetionel law traaties egreeLen ts und
assurances egainst the Republic cf China
Rection 1 of the Terticulr in ppendix
ond the followinf Treety rticles in trpendix f3 ~cs 1 to 5 inclusive 11 to 14 inclusive 22 23
25 30 40 to 43 inclusive rehte to this Count
CC1t 19
The Dereridfnts CllI I lCFIRR p middotSPIClO
fTbull RIl~ll PI1CTmiddot EOSfHO IT~KI I1Y IGDO
HTqlJ TTT( SUZUKI TOJC ind UMEZU on or about
the 7th July 1937 initiated a ~er of aggression
rnd e wrr in viohtion of internc-tionel lrw tre~ties
Egreea~nts nd 2ssur2nces egtinst the Republic of
Chine
Section 2 of t~e ~rticulpoundrs in ~rpendix ~ the
same rety middotrticleuros rs in Colrnt 18 nd the folloving
tssur~nceuros in middotnnenrx C os 3 4 ~nd 5 rel-te
to this Count
err_ 20
he Defandmiddot rts DCPJ l PilTJl FrCTmiddot
FCll-fIPO ybullmiddotr I~IDlt ITIJRI lUTC ~GYO OK~
r~~ Smr siT111nr S~ZUI TC0C ~nd TC70 en or
bullbcut the 7th Dscecter 19Ll 1~itiatee ~frac12~r of
rg~r0se ion ~ rc ~- wltr in viol tlcl cf internt i_onc 1
- 42 shy
bull lew treeties middotrreenents end cssurnces grinst
the United Stltes of merice
Section 9 of the Terticulers in Pendix
the follow in~ Treatmiddot r~icles in npencix S ifos
1 to 9 inclusive~ 19 22 tQ JO inclusive )3 34 end
37 and the whole of the t~surances in 1ppendix C
relate to this Count
ccrn 21
The same Defend9nt~ es in Count 20 on or about
the 7th December 1941 initiated e var of aggression
an~ a wer in viol2tlcn of international law treatie~
agreellents en( assurances aga~nst the ~orllonvealth
cf tte Trili-pines
The sane Jart i_cbullilere Treat~middot frticles and
~ssurances 1s in Count 20 relate to this Count
CCIJT 22
The ssLe Defencl11ts as i- Coant 20 cn_ or about
tbe 7th Decelber J941 iitiated a var of aeressicn
ana a war in viol2tion of internat~unal las treatie~
agree1nents and assurances afainst tbe ritish
rcnnonwealth of Natcns
Section 9 cf tte Perticalr s in ppendix
thegt follovinf Treaty rticles in pnenciix B Nos
J to 5 inclusive 19 22 to JO ~nclusive 33 and 37
and the hole of the ~ssurences in rppendix C
relate to tr is Cobulltnt
Tte lefendsnts tlrI )CEIPmiddotq 1IPrmmiddotmiddot
- 4) shy
HIROTA HOSHINO ITICKI KIDO W TSUQKJ liUTI
NCJNO SHIClITSU end TOJO on 0r ebout the 22nd
Se~tember 19~0 initieted ewer of errression end
e ~Br in violetion of international lEw treetiFs
egreements end essurences efeinst the Re~ublio of
Frence bull
The seme Perticulers Treety Jrticles end
Ps~urences sin Count 15 relrte to this Count
CcUfilZh
The srne tefendants es In Count 2J on or Eboui
the 7th Decembfr 1941 initietec ewer of errression
and a ~Pr in violetion of internetione le~ treeties
egreements enc assurances e~einst the Kinrdom of
Theiland
Section 7 of the Particulars in A~pencix A end
the following Treety Jrticles in Appendix B Nos l
to 5 inclusive 33 34 36 37middotend 38 relete te
this Count
QOUNT 25
The Defendents ATJgtKI DOHIHJRA HJTA HihANUMA
HIROTA HOSHirO ITJCJII KIDO MATSUOKJ Mi TfUI
SHIGUITSU and SUZUKI curing July end August
1938 inititec ewer of Pffression end ewer in
violetion of internetional lautrerties egreements
enc es~urences by ettecking the Union of Soviet
Socielist Re~ublics in the eree of Lake Khasan
The serne Perticulers Trerty Articles end
Assurences es in Count 17 1 relate to this Count
- 44 shy
CCTTTlT 26
The Defendents middot-~YI )CHlli1U HT BIRcll
ITGU(I lIDC HIS lTiTTI lTSUCK 1 ~UT0 SUZUmiddotI
0GC TCJO end nnztr durin the summer cf 1939
initiated a war of sgrression and a vsr in violoticn
of international lev treeties agreements and
assurances by attacking the territory of the
J~npolian Peonlebulls Republic in the area of the
Kha1khin-Gol River
The same eirticulars Treaty rticles and
ssurcnces as in Ccunt 17 relate to this Count
C(TJT 27
11 the Defend5nts bet~een the lEth Septenber
1931 end the 2nd September 1945 waged a wer of
aggression 8nf a bullrr in viol~tion of intern~tionel
lew trecties fgreenents and assurances flfeinst the
Republic of Chine
The seme Perticulars Trety rticles snd
~ssurrnces ~sin Count 2 rel~te to this Count
C(T~T 28
11 tte Pefend~nts between the 7th July 1937
end the 2nd Setenber 1945 wared s wer of aggresshy
bullsion nc1 r ymiddotr in viol~tion of internctioncl ltw
trertilss egreerJGn ts end ssurnces rgiinst the
Re~ublic of Chine
The SfMe Perticulcrs Tre~ty rticles 8nd
ssurrnces -s in Cmiddotunt 2 relute ~o this Count
- 45 shy
CCUlT 29
ll the Defendents between the 7th DecElllber
1941 ~nd the 2nd September 1945 wnged 6 wrr of
rggression end c Mr in violation of intermtionel
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
United~tates of tmerica
The following Sections of the ~articulers in
pp end ix i1 os 4 middot to 10 inclusive and the sane
Treaty ~rticles and ~ssurences as in Count 20 relate
to this Count
COlP1 JO
Lll the Defendsnts between the 7th Decenber
1941 and the 2nd Spte~ber 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violetion of international
law treaties agreements end assurances against the
Corlllonweslth cf the ~hili~pines
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles and
1ssurances as in Count 29 relete to this Count
crrJl 31 middot
Ul the Defendrnts betveen the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd Se1Jtember 1945 waged a Viar of
apgression and a wer in violatiog of internationalbull
law treaties agreerents end assurances against
the Pritish Corinonviealth of Nations
~he followin~ Sections of the ~articulars in
Appendix J Nos 4 to 10 inclusive and the same
Treaty bullrticles end ssurances as in Count 22 relate
tc this Count
- 46 shy
CCTTJ 32
All tte Defendants between the 7th December
1941 and the 2nd September 1945 waged a 11r of
aggression and a war in violation of international
law trestles egreeuents end assurances agenst
tte Kingdom of tce lf1therlands
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles sne
rlssurances as in Count 14 relate to thisCount
CC 33
The nefendsnts tRTi 001smiddotnmiddot IRNUt
FIlCT~ FNFnH lTlYI YID0 ~TSTTCK IUTO
1GW0 SIG~I5 end TCJC en end after the 22nd
Septelber 1940 vaged a war of algressipn end a
war in vbullolltion of ~nternetional law treaties
arreenents end assurances against the Republic of
France
The same Particulars Treaty ~rticles end
cssurances as in Count 15 relate to this Count
middot CCUNT 34
_11 tre Defendants between the 7tl Decemberbull
1941 and tbe 2nd September 1945 waged a war of
aggression end a war in violttion of international
law treFties agreenents and assurances against
the lingdon of Treilend
middot Tte sene erticulers and Treaty rticles as
in Count 24 rBlete to t~is Ccunt
CCIDT 35 bull The smiddotme Defendants ss in Count 25 during th
- 47 shy
SWmer of 1938 waged a war of aggression and a war
in violation of international lew treoties agreeshy
nents an~ assurances against the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics
The same Particulars Treaty rticles end
lssurences es in Count 17 relte to this Count
CCUc 36
The seme Defendunts ss in Count 26 during the
surller of 1939 eged a Yer of aggression in violashy
middottion of intermticnfl lew treaties egreements poundmiddotnd
essurlnces egeinst the rmiddotonrolifn Peoples Republic
and the Union of Soviet Socielist Renublics
The SFMe Flrticulers Treaty lrticles end
ssurr-nces ts in Count 17 rele te to this Count
ltmCUlt TWO U1DEl
The following Counts chrrfe the crimes of
raurder enltl conspirecy to murder being ects for
wlich it is chi-reed thtt the persons nmed rnd ecch
of thim rre individully responsible being poundt the
seoe tine Crirnes cgcinst eoce Conventionil Wer
Orines ~nd Crimes poundguinst Humeni ty contnmiddotrJ to ell
the 1J-ragrrhs of rticle 5 of the s~id ChArter to
Internrtionmiddotl Lrw ~nc tc the middotaoL1estic lews of ell
the countries where cor-oi tted including Jrbullpr-n or
to one or ~ore of them
CCl 37
The Defendints DCPIF cl FTR 1JTnt FIRCT
- 48 shy
HCSFINC KAA I(ID0 lIlURA ~me tAGATC CYA
0SrA S~( iltJlADA SJZTTlG 00( end JCJC togethe
~ith divers other per~ons between the 1st iune
1940 and the 8t~ Decet1ber 1941 rarticipated es
leaders organizers insti~ators or accoLplices in
the formulation or execution of a corilon rlan or
consnirecy end are responsible for all acts pershy
formed b themselves or by any person in execution
of such plan
The object of amp4ch ~lan or conspiracy was unlewshy
full~middot to kill and murder the persons described
below by initiating unlegful hostilities against
the United States of bmerica the rorutonwealth of
the rhlippines the British Colraonwealth of Iletions
the Kingdom of the lfotherllnds nd the Kingdoa of
The llend sne unlewf111ly orcering causing end ershy
ciitqng the ermed forces o JaJen to attack the
territory ~ti-s ~nd eir1lenes of tbe said netions
er sore of tJierl et tiL1es when Japan vioulu be et yeece
vith the said cstons~
che r-erscns intenled to be lilled end rurdered
were eJl such rersons both members of the armed
forces of the seid nationsand civilians es might
te~nen to be in the places et the tues of such
attacks
The said hostilities end attacks were unlawful
bscause they ~ere breeches of Treaty Article 5 in
Anpendix B enf the accused enc the said armed forces
of Japan could not therefore acquire the rights of
lawful belligerents
The accused ~nc each of the~ intended that such
- 49 shy
hostilities stoulc be initiated in breach of such
Treaty ~rticle or were reckless vhether sucb Treaty
Article would be violoted or not
COTT JS
he Defendante DltHIFARA FIP~~1um nroT ~
V(l~I0 ~6t iITJC IlT~~ ATSUCKA fJTO r~GUO
CK~ (ltHD~ STC SHD~~DA suzrnI TOQO ond TOJO
to~ether with divers other ~ersons between t~s 1st
J1me 1940 and the 8th De~erruer 1941 partici)Jtted
as le6ders organizersmiddotinstgators or accomylices
in tle forllulrtion or executicn of o COLlJon rlan or
cons~irac~ end are resnonsibla for all acts pershy
formed by ttemselvss or by sny person in execution
cf such 1an
The object of suchJJlon or consnirecy wes unshy
lawfully to kill and murder the persons described
belov bibull initiating unlawful rostilities tgainst
the Uni tecI States of tmerico the Comronweal th middotof
the Thilip~ines theuro ~ritieh Cormonwealthof Notions
the Kingdon of the etherlcnde and tre l(ingdcm of
Thai lent end unlewftlly order inf causng and pershy
nittinc the armed forces cf Jicen tmiddoto attack the
torritor~ ships oud airlanes of the soid notions
or sone of treuroll
The middotersons intended to be killed enc murdered
were all such ~ersons both oembers of the aroed
forces of the said natons end civiliens as mifht
happen to be in the olaces at the tiues of such
attacks
The said hostilities ond attacks ware unlawful
- 50 shy
because they were breaches of Treaty Articles 6
7 19 33 34 end 36 in Appendix Bena the accused
end the said armed forces of span could not thereshy
fore acquire the rir-hts of lawful b~lligerents
The accused end each of then intended that such
hostilities should be initiated in breech of such
Treaty ~rticles or were reckless whether such Treaty
Articles or any of then would be violated or not
C0T11 9
The same Defendants es in Count 38 middotunder the
circumstances ellered in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing ceusinr end ermitting the armed forces of
Japan to attack tle territory ships and airplanes
of the United States of America with which bullnation
Jinien was then et peace at middotPearl Harbour Territory
of Hawaii on the 7th December )941 at about 0755
hours (Pearl Harbour time) unlawfully killed and
murdered Adniral Kidd and ebout 4000 other oembers
of the naval end nilitary forces of the United State
of America lnd certaii civilians vJiose nanes and
nurnber ere et present unknown
CfTmiddotT 40
Tee sane Defendants as in Count )8 under the
circur1stances elle~ed in Counts 37 and )8 by ordershy
ing causin~ end rerrnittinR the armed forces of
Japan to attack the territory end airplanes of the
British Conmomealth of Nations 1th which nations
Japan was then et reece et Iota Eahru Kelenten
on the 8th December 1941 et about 0025 hours
- 51 bull
(Singapore ti11e) unlawfully killed and murdered
certain menQers of the aroed forces of the Pritish
Commonwealth of Nations whose names end number are
at present unknown
comrr 41
The same Defendants as in Count 38 under the
circ110stances alleged in Counts )7 end J8 by ordershy
ing causing end rerr1ittini the a rfled orces middot of
la pen tc etteck the terri tor sb 1ps end airplanes
of the ritish Comnonwealth cf Nations with v1lich
nations Janen was then at peace at Rone Kong on
tte 8th Decenber 1941 at ebout 0800 tours (Hong
Kong time) unlawfully killed and murdered certain
members of the armed forces of the British Coraonshy
wealth of nations whose names end number are at
present unknown
CCTTNT 42 The same Defendants es in Count 38 under the
circumstances alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing CIJUSing end pernitting the arHed forces Of
Jepan to et tech H IS ETRiL a ship of the British
ComtonY-eelth of lpoundtio_ns with which nations Japan
wes then rt eece et Shibullnghei on the 8th December
1941 et cbcut OJOO hours (Shcnghei tine) unlawshy
fully killed r nt rurdered three members of the navel
forces of the ~ritish CoILlonweelth of Nations whose
names ere et present un1ltnovin
52 shy
crT1T 43 the som~ Dcfcndcnts os in Count 38 under the
ciroumstFnces alleged in Counts 37 end 38 by ordershy
ing causing end rermittin~ the armed forces of
Jeren to ettecl the territory of the Corimonvmiddotealth of
the ~hilipnines vith which nation Japan was then at
peace et Deveomiddot on the 8th December 1941 et about
1000 hours (anila time) unlawfully killed and
murdered certain mElllbers of the armed forces of the
United States of America end of the armed forces end
civilians middotor the comiddotlLlomealth cf the Ihilippines
whose nomes end number ere at TJresent unltnown
CCUNT 44bull All the De1endents together with divers other
persons between the 18th S~pternber 1931 and the 2nd
Septenber 1945 ~erticipeted as leo~ers organizers
instigetors or eccollTJlices in the 1orruletion or
execution of a coJnon plan or consiiracbullmiddot end ere
resryonsible for ell Acts performedmiddot by theuselves or
by any person in execution of such plan
The object of such plan or consiracy was to
)rocure end permit tte- riurder on a wholesale scale
of prisoners of wer MEfubers of tht ermed forces of
countries opposed to Je~ Egtn vho id-ht le~ down their
erlls enc civilians who niht be in the rower of
Jepcn on land or sea in territories occuried by
Jaron end crews 01 shi s destromiddoted bmiddot Japinese
forces in ruthless ~ursuit of victory in the unlawshy
1ul wrrs in which Japan was or would during the
said period be ~1J8oged
- shy
CCGNT 45
The Defendcnts ARAKI L~S-Il-CTC FATA EIRJJlUlA
prqc-r abull IT ~GtYI Y- f A JIDo HATSUI mrrc SUZTTKI
rnd UHEZP on the 12th December 1937 rnd succeedinf
dcys by unl 0 wfully oreering ciusing nd peroitting
the rrmed forces of Jqfn to ctt~cl ~he City f
NPning in breach of th3 Trerty Articles ~ientiond
in Count 2 hereof tnd to slr-ughter the ihhabitents
contrcry to internrtioncl lcw unhbullwfully killed
rnd Murcered Many thousands of civili~ns end disermed
soldiers of the Re~ublic of Chine whose nemes nd
number 01re rt preEent unrnovm
CCTfT 46
The sme Defenccmiddotnts i s in Count 45 on the 21st
Cctobor 1938 end succecding dt1y s by unlswfully
ordering CUsing rnd rern11tting the rrr1ed forces
of Jrrcln to ittck the City of Canton in breech of
the TreAty ~rticles montioncd in Count 2 hereof ~nd
tc sbuehter the inheibi tilnt s contrrry tci interndegtiollf
lcw unlawfully killed r nd nurdered l~rge numbers
of ~ivilisns end disvrmed soldiers of the Republic
of Clini vhose nrmes r rc number cre st present
unknown
C(TJ 47
The scme Defendcnts rs in Count 45 prior to tte
27th October 1938 end on succeeding dsys by
unlawfully ordering cuusing ~nd pern~tting the
nmed forces of Jrpon to cttcct the City of Hcnkow
in breech of the Trenty ~rticles mentioned in Count 2
- 54 shy
bereof and to slaughter the inhabitants contrary to
internatioal law unlavfully killed and Murdered
lerge nllllbers of civilians end disar1ec solciers
of the Oepublic of China wtosa narces and nU1ber ere
et Tresent un1middotn9wn
C01-l 48
The Defendants EATA rrnc 1crso StTC SlIGEshy
EITSTT Ter end mrzu prior to the 18th June 1944
end on succeeding days by unlawfully orderi11euro
causine and arnitting the erled forces of Japan to
attack the City of Changsha in breach of the Treaty
Articles nentioned in Count 2 hereof and to slaughter
tle inhlbaents contrary to internaticnal law unlawshy
fully killed and murdered nany thousands of civ~lians
end di sarnec solders of tte Republic of China
whose nales and ru11tbcr ere tt resent unknown
COHFT 49
Tte S~ne Defencants as in Count 48 prior to
tte ett luiust 1914 ampnd on succecdin[ days by
unlamiddotfull order ins csusin[l end pe t tin the
eried forces of caigtan to attack the City of lengyen
in tre rrovince of H11nen in breach of the Treaty
trticles mentioned in Count 2 hereof end to slaufhter
the inhebi tents contrary to intermitioal lampv unlawshy
fully killed and nurdered large nuribHs of civilians
enc disarmed soldiers of the Republic of China whose
neMcs and nunber erE it present unknown
- 55 shy
CCTTIT 50
The seme Defendants as in Count 48 prior to
the 10th Noveirber 1944 and on succeeding days by
unlawfully orderine causing and pernitting the
arr1ed fo~ces of Japan at attack the Cities of Kweilishy
and Liuchow in the Province of Kwangsi in breach of
the Tre~ty Articles mentoned in Count 2 hereof and
to sleUfhter tte inhabitants contrary to internatiom
-law unlawfully killed end murdered large nuabers
of civilians and disarmed soldiers of the Republic
of China whose names and number are at present
unknownbull
cnTNT 51
The Defendants ARAYI DCEIHARA HATA IlAtUMA
I~G~YI IGDO 1ciso lmiddotATffiTI 14Tsrroy 1middott~C
SUZUKI TCGC TOJO and IDEZU by ordering causing
and permitting ~he armed forces of Japan to attack
the territories of Hongolia and the Fnion of Soviet
Socialist Republics with whicl nations Japan wamps
then at peace inmiddot the reeion of the Khalkbin-Gol
River in the summer of 1939 unlawfully killed and
murdered certain merobers of the armed forces of
onolia me the rrnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
wlose nElti1euroS and nunber are et present unknown
ccmiddotJNT 52
The Defendants ARAII DrHIHARA HT11 FIRANUJIA
FIRCt FCSFTHO ITAGAI-I KIDO l1ATStTCKJI l~TSUI
SEIGlI15CT lttZTJKI and TOJO lJy ordering causing
end permitting the armed forces of Japan to attack
- 56 shy
the territory of the Union of Soviet Socialist
Re1middotublics with Vhich nation Jarien was th~n at peace
( in the region of lake Lhasan in the months of July
and August 1938) unlawfully killed and murdered cershy
tain me1bers of the ermed forces of the rrnion of
Soviet Socialist Rebullmiddotublics whose names tnd number
are at present unknown
GRCPP TIIRpound ccvmiddotrrrbullmiddotn tR CRIS M-Ti CRIES N~middotST Fll1t7IT
The following Counts charge _conventional ier
ir~lles enlt Crir-es egelnst EunaniJy beins acts tor
wrich it is charged that the persons na~ed and each
of them are individually resnonsi ble in accordance
with trticle 5 and particuierly ~rticle 5 (b) end (c
of the Charter of the Interneticnal iilitery Tribune
for the Far East and in accordance with Intershy
national Law or either of them
CCU-T 53
The Defendants DCRIFRA ~Tt -(SJjUC
ITGA1I IAl lILC rc1~~ Iorso urc NtG~NO
CY~ CSHrmiddot~ S~TO SI-IGTSl) mutD STTZULI TOGC
TOJO and UlEZU together with divers other persons
between the 7th Decellber 1941 end the 2nd Se]ltember
1945 ~articipnted as leaders organizers instigashy
tors or accololices in thE formulation or executlon
of a corllon plan or conslirecr and ere res)onsi ble
for all acts perforMed by therselves or br any
rierson in execution of such plan
The object of such olari or consiracy yen1es to
order authorize and r ermit the Co 4ctanders-in-Chief
- -57 shy
ot the levaral Japanese naval and nilitary forces
in each of the several theatres of war in which Japan
was then engaged and the officials of the Japanese
Har inistr~middot and the parsons in ctarge cf each cf
the canps and labour units for prisoners of war and
civilian internees in territories of or occupied by
Ja)an and the military and civil police of iapan
and their respective subordinates frequently and
habitually to co=it the breaches of the Lawsmiddotend
Custcms of 11~ar as contained in and proved by the
Conventions assurances and ~rectices referred to in
l~rendix D against the ermed forces of the countries
hereinefter named end againet many thousands of
ori sonars of war end ci vi liens then in the rower of
Jenan belonpin~ to the Tni ted States of America the
British Colonwealth of rations the Republie of
France the Kingdom of the Netherlands the Cormonshy
wealth of the Flilipines the Republic of China
the Republic of Fortugal Bnd the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics end that the roverru1ent of Japa1
should abstain from takin adequate steps in accordshy
ance vd th the said Conventions and assurances end
Laws and custot1s of ~er in order to secure observenc
end prevent breaches thereof
In the case of tre Republic of China the said
plan or consryirecy began on the 18th September 1931
end the following Defendants participated therein in
addition to those above-named ARAI HASFHOTO
RAlll~ ~(~ lATSTJ middot~Tsnrn1 ~TlrlI
bull 58 shy
C0PNl 54
The Defendants DOFiJEAR~ H~TAHOffiINO ITAGAKI
KAYA Kif-0 YIMURA KOISC MUTO NAGANO OKA OSHIMA
SATC SFIGlITSU 1RIMADA flJZUYI TOGO TOJO and
UEZ1J between the 7th Deceober 1941 and the 2nd
Septeuber 1945 ordered authorized and permitted
the same ~ersons as oentioned in Count 53 to co=it
the offences therein mentioned end thereby violated
the laws cf War
In the case of the Republic of China the said
orders euthorities end permissions were given in a
period beginning on the 18th September 1931 and
the following Defendants were responsible fer the
same in addition to those named above A~AII
FASED0TO PIRUJTJrA FIROTA HATSI AT-UOKA
CCFNT 55
bull The Defendants DCFIB~RA HAT HOSE-INO ITAGfiKI
KrA iID0 YIHlTRP KCIS0 EUTC NAGfNC OKA Ofxllll
S~TC PIGIlITCTT Sl-DiD~ ampJZUKI TCGO TOJO and
tn~zu between the 7th December 1941 end the 2nd
September 1945 being by virtue of their respective
offices responsible for securing the observance of
the said Conventions end assurances and the Laws and
Customs of ar in respect af the armed forces in
the countries hereinafter named and in respect of
many thousands of prisoners of war end civilians then
in the power of Japan belonging to the United States
of rmerice the British Comrn0nwealth of ~fations
tte Republic of France the Kingdom of tle Nethershy
- ~9 shy
lends the Cormonwealth or the hilippines the
Republic or China the Republic of Portugel end the
Union or Soviet socialist Republics deliberotely
rnd recklessly disregorded their legal duty to1toke
rdequete stops to secure the observonce end prevent
brerohes thereof rnd thereby violcted the lows of
wrr
In the case or the Republic of China tha said
offence begFn on the 18th September 1931 and the
following Defendi-nts were responsible for the same
in addition to those nemed above JRtKI FtSHICTO
FRJPlr HROT- ~~-ToTI HTltTOK~ INJI middot
11herefore this Indictment is lodged with tte
middot Tribun~l poundnd tJie chcrges herein mrde agllinst the
ebove-nomsd Defendants ere hareby presented to the
Tribunal
Joseph B Keenan bull Chief of Counsel acting on behalf of-the
United Strtes of merico
Hsiang Che-Chun
~s sooiete Counsel acting on bah lf or the Republic of China
I s Comyns Cirr
ssocilte Coulsel eoting on behclf of the United fingdom of Greet Brtt11in Pnd Northe
Irelond
S bull Golunsky
ssoc1rte Coubullsel ncmiddott1ng on beholf of the Union of Soviet SoerCl1st Re1)ubl1cs
6Q shy
A J 1nsfeldshy
middotmiddotfsocirte Counel rctine on beh0lf of the Comrionwc~lth or ustrelie
II G folen
r ssociete Counsel t cting on behelf of C(mida
Robert bullneto
ssociate Counsel acting on behelf of the Reublic of ~ranee
W G F BoegerhOff ~ulder
ssocirte Counsel rcting on beholf of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
R H quillhm
Jssocitte Counsel Pcting on behrlf of New Zerlrnd
pbullpGovinds lenon ~ s Comyns Carr
ssociete Counsel ccting on behlf of Indi e
edro Lopez
tssociate Counsel actinF on behelf of the Col1Dlonwerlth of the Philippines
- 61 shy
APPENDIX J
SUirlllarized Particulars sho~in the principal Matters
and Events upon which the Prosecution will rely in
support of the several Counts of the Indictment in
Groun Cne
SECTION 1 1
ILIT1 AGGRESSIN HT lANCHURIA
From January lst 1928 onwards there was a plot
in the Japanese Arm~middot and particularly in the lwantun
Army s~nrorted by certain civilians tomiddotcreete an
incident in 1anchuria which should form a pretext
forIepen to conquer occupy and exploit that Country
as the first ste~ in a scheme of eominetion which
later extended to other parts of Chine to the terr1-
tory of the Union of Soviet Socialast Republics
end ultnately to a wider field aiming to make Japer
a dondnent power in the World
The major events in the execution of it were
About 18th September 1931 Following a long
period of infiltration end consequent friction
Je]lenese troons blew ur a portion of the South
anchurien leilwey falsely accused Chinese troops
cf doing so attacked thet end thereafter pro~resshy
sively end repidlr carried out a Ililitery occupation
of the Chinese provinces of Liaoning Kirin Heilungshy
kieng end Jehol (the north-eastern provinces)
About )rd January 1932 Japanese forces occushy
pied Chnctow in sri te of e ssurance given by their
~oreigh Office to the United States on 24th November
1931 that they would notdo so
- 62 shy
Beginning about 18th Jeruary 19Ji Japanese
nevsl and later military forces attacksd the
Chinese in Shanghai
About 28th to 29tb January 19)2 Jaosnese
bonbed Cbsps1 middotat 1215 am
~b0ut 1st Febtusry 1932 Jeysnese viarships
shelled l1smlng middot
Jurin 1932 Jspen set up a separate puppet
novernrient in the said ~rcvinces enc on 15th Ssptsmshy
b~r 1932 officially recognized it
The 1BSn~ss Government which cals into power
on 13th December 1931 and ell subsequent Japanese
Governments adopted supported and continued thismiddot
sggre_ssion end its grsdusl extension over ether pamprtE
of Chins
Jsren delivered no declsrstion of 1ar against
Chine nade no effort to settle the alleged dispute
by pacific means or by mediation or arbitration
rejected on 5th February 1932 an offer of mediatio
by the United States Greet Britain enc ~ranee
refused to Gdopt the repcrt ampnd recommendations cf
the Lytton Commission apTJointed by the League of
Nations of which Jspen end Ctins were members ormiddot
the resolutions of the League and on 27th ]~rch
1933 reslgned froll the League
Cn 18tr ADril 1934 Jersn announced her absoshy bull lute opposition to sny foreign interference in Chins
other than her cwn
On 1st lerch 1934 Jspsn caused Henry Ju Yi to
be in~tslled es the norinal ruler of the so-celled
Stats of JisncbuJuo Nevertheless large Japanese
- 63 shy
crmies continued down to the 2nd September 1945 to
be mdntcined in these t0rritories using th1am s t
bmiddotse for further rggression ~nd to control together
with J_-p~ nse civi lifn offici ~ls the whole Governshy
ment industry nd finrnce thereof
SECTINT 2
1ILITAR GG1ESSINT IN lW REST 0F C-INA
Jor nesc rggressiCn geinst Chin entered r new
phc oe on July 7th- 1937 when her r_rmy invdod Clinc
south of the Grot r11 [nd htr goverruient ndoptcd
supported lt nd continued the rggresslon 111 subshy
sequent J~~~ncse Governments did the scme
Subsequent mbull_ jor events in this ph~middotse wore
-~bout 19th to 25th septembar 1937 Jrpmiddotnese
forces bombed r~cnking rnd Cc nton r nd deli bcrc te ly
killed lmiddot rge numbers of civilLns
- About 13th December 1937 J-p nese forces
c~Dtured fnking slruhtcred mcny thousnds of
civilimiddotns na committed other outr~ges
During 1940 J~prn Sbt up r- soprrto puppet
Governrotnt in those vrts of Chinbull (other thrn the
four north-o stern privinces _ bove-mcntioned) which
sh- then occuied clriming to be the Nbulltion l
Government of the Reuublic of Chinr middot-nd middotbout
0th November 1940 offic1~ lly rccognizod it bullbull rgbullin J~pmiddotn delivered no dcclrrction of wbullr on
Chinr m~de no rttcmptmiddottc settle the lleged dispute
by pbullcific mcns or by medi~tion or ~rbitr tion
refueed on 25th September 1937 to prticipte in
the Frr Erstern fdvisory Cotllllittee of the Lccgue of
Nr- tions rltcfused on 27th October middotnd og-in on 12th
Novzmbor 1937 to ~tt~nd the Conferenceheld t
Brussels of trG other signmiddottories to the Nine-Power
Trerty of 6th Febru~ry 1922 or to qiscuss its
rppliomiddottion refused on 22nd September 1938 to sit
with the Lemiddotguc of H tions to medirte her disrute
with Chin middotnd on 4th Povcmber 1938 decl red thst
the scid Nin~-Fower Trety WS obsolete
Jrpmiddotn continued her militbullry ~ggression in
Chim by cmiddot pturinz rnong other cities Frnkow on
the 27th October 193~ Ch ngshr on the 18th June
1944 Hsn~y-ng on tre 8th tugust Kweilin on the
10th IovmiddotJbcr nd liqchow on the 11th November of
the Sle yemiddotmiddotr r-nd deliber tcly killed lcrg~ numbers
of civ1li 0 ns bull nd committGd othor outrbullges in erch of
the cities ~fori-mmtioned
SECTION 3 ECPT(IC 1 0GRESSJQ-T I CIW lTl) GRlltTFR imiddotsr middotsrmiddotbull
During the period covered by this Indictment
~pmiddotn est~blished ~ gbncrrl superiority of rights
in f-vour of her own ntionmiddotls which effectivamply
eremiddot ted 111onopolics in comrercimiddotl industril middotmiddotnd
finmiddot ncil enterprisas first in lmiddot nchurimiddotmiddot nd 1 ter
in other prts of Chinmiddotmiddot whch c aa under her dominshy
rtion nd exploitad those rcgioiis not only for the
Gnr fobmen t of JmiddotmiddotO n nd those of her nction ls pmiddotrshy
ticimiddot ting in thosG entsrnrises but s -rt of
scheme to 1leken the resist nee of Chiflr to exclude
other -middot tions middot nd n middotticnmiddotls nd to provide funds
nd munitions for further I ggression
li5 shy
This plmiddotn middots w~s the intention of soll~ rt le st
or its oripintors both on its economic rnd militry
side err dumiddot 11 cc me to embrce siuilmiddotr designs on
the remmiddotinder or ~-st si~ middotnd CCOPnio
LntGr it WS officibulllly exprnded into the
Gretcr E st middotsi- Co-Prosperity Sehemc ( a title
designed to cover up ~- scheme for completeJpmiddot nese
dominrtion of those -rcmiddots) -nd Jbullmiddotpmiddotn declmiddotred thrt
tris wbullmiddots tho ultimrte rurpose of the militcry
ocinpr ign
The sbullme org nizltions rs re mentioned in
Section 4 hereof were used for the ~bove purposes
SECTION 4
lrTHCDS CF CCRRTrTI(W tD C0RCINT Tmiddot CFH middotrm OTHltR OCClI~D T~RRITORI~s
Durin the whole period covered by this
Indictment succossive Jrpnese Governments through
their llilitmiddotry 11d nvrl commmiddotnders ~nd civilLn
(gents in Chinmiddot nd other territories which they
hmiddot d occupied or dt3signed to occupy pursued (l systemshy
r tic policy of wemiddotmiddotl-ening the nmiddottive inh-bitmiddotnts will
to re~ist by ~trocities middotnd cruelties by force nd
thre~ts of force by bribery nd corruption by
intrigue r mongst loo~ l poll ticirns nd generr ls by
directly bullnd indirectly eneourmiddotging inerebullsed proshy
duction middot nd importmiddotbulltion of opium nd other nmiddotrcotios
-nd by promoting the Sle nd consumption of such
drugs middotmong such peole middot The Jrpr- nose Govlt1rnment
secretly provided l 0 rge sums of noney which togotht
with bullrofits rroll thegovernment-sponsored tr~rrie
- 66
in opillll end other narcotics and othermiddot trading
ectivitiea in such areas frac12ere used by agents of the
Jananese government for all the above-mentioned
~urposes ~t the seme time the Japanese Government
was actively participating in the rroceedings of the
League of retions Co=ittee on Traffic in Opium and
other Dangerous Drugs and desrite her secret
activities above-mentioned professed to the frac12orld
to be co-operating fullj _with other meL1ber nations
in the enforcement of treaties governing traffi~ in
opiwi end other narcotics to which she was a party
This participation in end sponsorship of illicit
traffic in narcotics was effected through a number
of Japanese goverruiental organizations such as the
lenchurian Affairs Board the Chine Affairs Board
end the Southern Region Affairs Soard which were
combined in 1942 to form the Greeter East Asia
inistry and num-arous subsidiary organizations end
tradin~ companies in the various occunied end soshy
eelled independent (puppet) countries which were
ope~ated or su~ervised by senior officers or civilshy
ienjaProintees of the Army fnd the Navy
Further reve1Ue trom the above-mint ioned
traffic in opium end other narcotics was used to
finance the ~reparation for end waging of the wars
of aggression set forth in this Indictment and to
establish end finance the nuppet ~overnments set up
ly the Japanese overnmeht in the various occuried
territories
- 67 shy
SECTION 5
G-0YRL tgt- ~R TIt Fr1 middotR
Vtith a view to future wars of aggression and in
order to prevent other nations frolll interference in
her war cf aggression alre9dy in prog~ess against
China ~a~9n frorn 1st January 1932 onwards strength
ened her nsvel military nroductive End finenci9l
preperetions for war In particular but without
li~iting th0 above alle~ations
(e) t~VH
bout 29th December 1934 she denounc
ed the 1ashington lkvtl Treaty efter an
unsuccessful attenpt to persuade the other
Signatories to agree to a common upper
limit of global nrvsl tonnage for her own
obvious cdvvntege
bout 23rd J~ne 1936 she refused to
adhere to the London Nevel Treaty
On or about 12th February 1938 she
refused to reveal her nlbullVel building pl1cns
on request by the United St9tes Britein
~nd France
t rll times she secretly increased
her nev~l strength
middott Ell times end especiolly throughout
1941 she Made secret n~vrl plans for the
eurprise attacks which ultimetely toek
place on December 7th-8th 1941 on Pearl
Harbour Sngepore Hong Kong 11aye end
Sh~nghei Od for similer attacks on other
plscemiddots in the Pccific tnd Indien Ccens end
- 68 shy
and on the territocy of the Union or soviet
Socialist Republicsmiddot
(b) MILITARY
Japan continuall7 and progressivel7
increased the size of her arm7 not onl7 as
required for her war of ag~ression against
China but to a larger extent for the purshy
pose of other wars of aggression On the
6th April ~9amp9 she passed a general
Mobilization Law and tmreafter put it
into effect
(c) NAVAL AND MILITARY
Japan cont lnual 17 and progress i vel7
fortified th islands for which she held a
mandate from the League of Nations
Treat7 Articles violated 15 17
18 31
(d) PRODUCTIVE
Japan continuall7 ard progressivel7
increased her capacit7 tor the production
of munitions or war both on her Oiln tershy
ritor7 and in terrltories occupied or conshy
trolled b7 her to an extent greater than
was required for her war of aggression
against China for the purpose of other
wars of aggression
(e) FINANCIAL
The finance for all the above-mentioned
purposes was provided pa rtl7 through the
Budget b7 taxation partl7 by loans ani
partly from the profits of the exploit~ttons
bull - 69 shy
as described in Section 3 herect and
particular y of the sae of narcotics as
described in Section 4 hereof
SECTION 6
THE ORGANIZATIOll OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FlgtR WAR
Two provisions incorporated by ordinance or
custom in the Japanese constitution gave to the milishy
tarists the opportunity of gaining control over the
Governments which they seized during the period
covered by this Indictment
The first was that not only had ttw Chiefs of
Staff and other leaders of the Army ani Navy direct
access at all times to the Emperor but they had
the right to appoint am withdraw the War and Navy
Ministers 1n any Government Either of them could
thus prevent a Government from being formed or
bring about its fall after it was termed In Kay
1936 this power was further increased by a regulashy
tion that the Army and Navy Jlinisters must be senicr
Officers on the active 11st EG the fall of the
Yonai Government on 21st quly 1940 and of the Third
Konoye Government on the 16th October 1941 were in
fact brought about by the Army 1n each case they
were succeeded by Governments more subservient to
the wishes of the Army
Thbull seconi was that although the Diet had the
right to reject a Budget this did not give them
control because 1n that case thbull Budget of the
preceding year remained in force
- 70 shy
middotDurlnr thls middotperiod suchtree Porlie~cntary
lnstutiti~ns es preVi)USly existedwere rttdUnlly
stamped )Ut and a system simllti to the Fascist or
Nazi mooel introducedbullbullThis took derinite shllpe
with the f)rm~tion n 12th October 1940 of the
I11per1al_ Rule Asslsttnce AS9cintion am later or
the I11perlal Rule Assist~nco Political Society
Durlnr thi~ p~ri~ 0 virorus compain r inciteshy
ment to expansion was carried
on in themiddoteorlier
part t the period middotby individual writers end speakers
but rrnduolly this ceme to be orfanized by Government
artnc1es which elso stamped out tree speech tnd
writing by opponents ~r this policy A large number
t sctetics some secret wasalso rormed_both 1n
the Army end Nevy and amonr civilians with similar
objects Opposition to this policy wes also crushed by assassinations ~r lecding politicians who were
n)t considered surrtcicntly friendly to it ond by
rear end threats of middotsuch nssassinatioos The civil and especially the military poiice were else used to
suppress oppositi-m to the wnr policy
The educnti)nal systeos civil military and
nnval were used to ln~ulcate e spirit or totnlishy
t~rienis~ crgrcssion~ desire tor war cruelty and
hatred r ptential e~emies
Successive Japanese_ Governments from early 1n
1936 onwards cultlvcted close relati)ns with the
- 71 shy
totlitr-ri n iovers 1n Luro1gtc Germny rnd Itrly
which hrrboured simil~r designs in relrition to thmiddot
rest middotor the world to those of J~pn in relrtion tomiddot
--~st middotstmiddotmiddot ~nd the Indirnmiddot rrtd Tltc1t1o Ocerns bull
On ToveJ11ber 25th 1936 middotthey signed tli ntishy
Comitermiddotn Pc otmiddot--~ith r middot~e~ret middotJmiddototo~oi nd r Aecret
ilitry Trt1ty directed osmiddott~n~1t1 cgdnst tho U~i6n of Soviot cod11~t ~epubHca i-nci ccimmunis111
~ but ( oturlly designed ~ lso a ( prelude to joint
~gressivc rotion ~n rcnerr 1
v~rious countries under th domin--tion of middotxis middot - ~ -~ bullbull
Powers including the lUppot govrnments of Jnnshy middot1middot bull shy
chukuo _~nd th~ Nr nking Regime in Chinr wer~ degdmi ttlt
to the ~nti7Comintcrn lot
middotuust 1939 extensivE-negotitons werecondilctampd
between J~n r-erm~_ny_~nd Itr-ly rorthe estbullblishbull
ment ofmiddotn econoru9 politiccl bullnd militbullry cllince
On 26th urust 1939 Jmiddot prri throufh her rubrs~
a~dor in 1fshineton ssured middotthe United Stf tea of
Jllericr tht she hbull d decided to b~ndon ny further
negotirtions with middotrerlilny nd Itrlymiddot relctive to
closer rel(tions under the middot nti-Cornintern Jgtbullct bull
rrefoti- tions between Jmiddotpn nd middotGerm ny for the
esteblistmGnt of middotmiddotn econonic politicmiddot l ~nd milikry
pound111nce were resumed in July 1940
Between 13th middot_ugmicrost nd 22nd September 1940
rfterthe rmistice in June 1940 between Germrny
rntl the middotut~oritylimiddotter to be knownFs ths Vichy
1rovernmerit of Fr~ nee subservient to Germ~middotny nd
bullfter the occupction by Germmiddotny of 1( rge prrt of
- 72 shy
frr nee Japan inciuced and_ coerc~d the general gover
ment of Frenchmiddot Ineo-China to enter intomiddot agreements
with herfor mUitary end econ~mic concessions inmiddot
that country and especially the northern parttliere-
of On 22nd-September 1940notwithlltanding agree
ments aigned onthe samedey Ja-enesetroops
attacked French Inda-Chinese uni ts and were met thmiddot
strong re$lstance
en 27th Se)tember 194Q Japan signed the Trishy
Partite Jact vith Germny and ltaly middot
In theearly pert of 1941 Jepentaking advantshy
age or a bounclary dispute raised by heiland against
French Indo-China purported to ect es mediator or
erbitrator_therein butactually brdughtebout a
settlement unduly fevoureble to Thailand middotwith amiddotview
toobtaining heraidin or submission to future
aegression end atthe serre time madefurthermiddotdemands
for military and econonic concessions in French middot
lndo-China bull~be said settlements were finally conshy
cluded on 6th-9th imiddotay 1941
Collllencinlmiddot in the middotletter nertmiddot of February 1941middot
Jel)en and Ger111any conducted negotiations on the
subjept of oint Elli tary ction against middotlgtLgapore
and the territor~ of ot)ler Nations_
On 1st July 1941 German Italy and ell middot middot
Governments subservient to- them inother European
countries at the request of Jepan recognized the
so-called National Government of middotthe Republic ofbull ~
China
On the 12th July 1940 a Friendship Treaty bullmiddotas
signed between Jepan and Thailand
- 7J shy
7romJay to July 1941 Japan further induced
end coerced the general ~overnment or French Indoshy
China to allow Jananese troops to land establish
naval and air baaas end ~enerelly obtain control
over qouthern lrench Indo-China The main purose
on this occasion wee toprovide bases for aggression
directly against the Pritish Common-vealth or lTetions
end the Dutch est Indios and indirectly against
the United States of merica The said agreements
were finally concluded on July 21st and 29th 1941
on which date Japanese forces landed at Saigon
established navel and air bases end generally took
control ofFrench Inda-Chine
Throughout the ebove~mentioned dealings with
Freech Indo-Chine Je~en used the help or Germany and
Italy by coercion upon the Vichy Government cs well
es direct threats or ill6gel force to ettein her
ends
By way o reaction to this aggression and threat
tf furtheraggression the United States of merica
on July 25th end Great Britoin on July 26th froze
the assets ofJapan and Chinemiddotunder their control
rnd opplied other eoon01110 middotpressure agdnst Jcpan
On 25th Tovembermiddot 1941 Jsp1n renewed thlt ~ntishy
Oollintaln rgtect with secret clausesmiddot
Cn ormiddotobout tho let DecGL1ber~ 1941 Jopen
invokillP the Tri-ortite Poet requested Germany nd
Itcly to declare War on the United States after the
beginning of hostilities end tht1t a No middotseperilte
Peace Treety be entered into
On 5th December 1941 Jep4iressured the United
- 74 shy
Stetos ot merico thrt troop movements in French
I_ndo-China were Drecautionery masures
On December 7th-8th 1941 Jspen mPdesurprise
rttecks on territories ot the United States ot
merica the British_ Commonwuelth ot Nctions l1nd
Thdlond usin~ in tbe two latter coses French Indtgtshy
Chinr~ br ee s
Cn the 11th Deceiibcr 1941 Jc pen_ Germiiny rnd
Itrl signed to opbullrbull to Totce rr ct
On 18th Jiinurry 1942 middotc rili ter1 Convention
botween Jbullmiddotn~n cermrny bull_middotnd Itrly wrs signed in Berlin
From 19)6 to 1945 close milittr ncvtl econshy
omic nd diplomc tic co-oper~ tion rmiddotnd oxch nge ot
intormrtion were maintcfned between the r bove three
oountriea t the request ot ~ermnn Jpon trom
the b~ginning ot the wr on December 7th-8th 1941
rdoptcd the Germn polic~ ot r~thless submrrina
Wtrt~re middotnd the destruction or crevs or ships sunk
or o-ptured
By the thre~tenins middotrttitude bullhich Jrprmiddotn mdnshy
tc ined tro111 19)9 to 1941 grinst the Uni_ted Stmiddottoa
or bulliaeriobull the British Cocimonwe~lth otNtions
the Kingdom ot the letherlrnds no the Rerublic ot
Frnce middotnd trommiddot1939 to 1945 (g~inst the Union ot
Soviet Seel~ list Republics 1d by her incru- sing
oonccntrtion ot tr~o~s in regions oonv~nient tor
middotrttrcks Ul)on them she dirtctly bullmiddotssisted Germmiddotny
nd Itnly in their middotw- rs tginst those n tions even
while she rem~inpoundd nominrlly neutrrl
- 75 shy
SECTION 8bull
jGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION-
In the course of many years Japan was continushy
ally preparing war a11d performing11cts of aggressionmiddot
against the Soviet Unhn
bull bull1bull Having faHed ~ he-middot attempt Jo capturemiddot the
Soviet Far East in the period between 19181922 bull
Japan did n~t apan1on the idlao~capturingthe
Soviet areas situated east of theLake-Seykalmiddot
SincltJ 1928 the Japanese GereaJ Steff hld been
planning a war of egfressim against the Union of
Sbullviet ~ocial1~t Republics eager to take advantage
of a chance to start this waz bull
An importrt step ii- th1preparetion nfa war ~
of aggression arainst the Union of Soviet Sochlist1
Republics was t~El ocltupation_of lanchur1a~ 1931 _bull
which a~ we_l~ as KGrea was transformed into a mili 1
tary base for a1tacking the Unio~ or icvi_et SociRlist
Republics in a numbPr of years Railroads and_ highshy
ways vere constructe~ in anchuria after l93~ of
stratPgic importancmiddote and ran towards the frontier of
the Union of Soviet Sociali~~ Rep1bl1cs The -bull
strength of the Kwantung Army ha~ been jncreased middot ~~~ bull bull~ middot _~ J_~j -- --~
from twa divisions in 1931 to fifteen in l94~ bull ~ ~) 1 - ~
A great number of new airfields fort1f1e~ gt middotmiddotmiddot_- ~~middot~
areas dumps barracks sea and river ports destined bullbull bull ~middot bull i ~ middot t lt bull - bullbull bull bull bull
to serve in the war of aggression against the Unicn bull bull bull J bullbullbull - bull bull bull bull bull - ~
of Soviet Social~st Republics were built
In ~anchuria the war industry develop~d at a
fast rate Areas adjacent to the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics frontier were being colonized
- 6 shy
by Japanesereservists with the purpose of strengthshy
middotening the Kwantung lrmyat the moment of mobilizashy
tion Propaganda in the press b radio etc r
directed against the Soviet Union was carried on
111tenselr middotOn Lanchurian-territormiddot Japan organized
and supportedmiddot on a large middotscale ehments from lussian
emigrants hostile to theSoviet Union and prepared
them for hostilemiddotects againstthe Union ofSoviet
Socialist 1epublicsJapan systematically organized
armed middotolasheson the frontierand organized acts of
sabotafe-end terrortstmiddotacts onthe Chinese Eastern
Railroad
InJ9J2 Jaian twice rejected the proposal of
the Union ot Soviet Socialist Republics to conclude
a non-aggression pact
in 1938 Jlpan without declaring war attacked middot
th~ territory of the seviet Union at the Lake hassan
In 19)9 Japan again witheut declaration of war
at tacked the terli tory of themiddot ~middotongolian Peoplemiddot s middot
RepubUc en ally of the rrnion of Sovietmiddot Socialistmiddot
Republics at the Halkin-Gol Rlver (Naoanhan) and
engaged the ongolian Peole s Republic armybull and bull
its allied Red Ar11y bull In both cases Japan pursued the
aim of reconnoitrine themiddot strength of the Rad Jrmy bymiddot
battle and capturing strategic positions for future
war against the trnion of Soviet Socialist Republics
Having been repulsed twice and having sufferedheavy
losses Jmiddotmiddotpan nevertheless did notmiddot stop the preparashy
tiors fora sur~rise attac~ ~gainst the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics
hile Preparinl for the war against the Soviet
- 77 shy
Union Japan during several years carried on
negotiations with Hitlerite Germany end Fascist Itel
on a j~int aggression The principal stages in
this plot or aggressors were the conclusion of the
so-called Anti-Comintern Pact in 1936 and the sirnillf
of the Tri-Partite Pact or Japan Germany and Italy
in 1940 the aim or which was joint aggressive actio1
of these countries against democratic powers among
them the Vnion ~rsvviet $ocielist Republics
In ~rch 1941 while being in Berlin ror the
purpose of plotting with Hitler about e joint aggres
siort against democratic countries thedefendant
~tsuoka was informed by the German _goverllGlent about
preparations by the latter for war against the Uni~n
or Soviet Sociellst Republics s early as t_he
beginnlng or July following e conclusion of the
pact or neutrality on behalf of Japan on 13th April
1941 after the treacherous attack or Germany
egainst the Union or 9oviet socialist Ra~ublics
1atsuoka officially declared to the soviet Ambusedor
in Tokyo that the principal bas1s of the Japanese
foreign policy was the alliance with Germany and
that in case Germany addressed Japan with a request_
for tielp the J)ict middot of neutralty withmiddot the Utiioa ot
Soviet Socialist Republics would not present an
obstacle for Jepen to wege war on the side or
Germ~ny In accordance withthis the governing
militarist clique in lapen in the bullholecourse of
the buller betYlteen Germony end the Union of Soviet
Socialist_Re~ublics wes openly hostile towrrds the
~oviet Unionmiddot maintained a selecte3 arriy on the
- 78 shy
Soviet rront1ers end wes an orgrnizer or a widespreed
prorgrnda aea111st tho Soviet TTnion Jopan octively
helped ~itlariteGermeny providing her with
intormatiqn regording the un~n or Soviet S~c1clist
Republics orgonized pirote ettscks on Soviet merchtnt
shiplling in_ the Far Etat by closing straits estbullmiddotbshy
lishing prohibited zones tnd speciol limited wetershy
weys
To render help to GerlIEny J~ptbulln after Germsnyts
ettack egcinst the Union or Soviet Socielist
Republics in the S111111ler or 1941 doubled the strength
of her E1rmy in rnchuria nnd leter on brought the
strength of this irmy to r million men which necesshy
sitated mrintdning considerrble forces in the Fmiddotr
Eest by the Sevit Union inste~d of using them in the
wrr ig~inet Germnny
In the s0 me summer or 1941 Jfpfn v10rked out e
new Tll~n of surprise rttrck egeinst the Union of
Roviet Socialist 1epublics ~nd kept the Kwentung
Army fully prepred torsuch en cttock She w~s preshy
vented from it not by the poet or neutrality which
i s 1t llll Y be sampen from bove Jeuroptn diregrrded but
b)middotthe successes or the forces or the nnion of Soviet
Socirlist Republics in the w~r fgoinst Germany
SECTIC1 9
JATAfp lFlt TTlTITED S~TES CF fERJCbull TH cr1bullQ1TELTH OF TFE II IPrnns TI ft+ BltITISif cc MOELTH OF rJ TIONS
The whole of the other Sectiols or this ppendix
iro relevrmiddotnt to this Section rnd ere not ropectad
here
bull 79 shy
I
From 1931 until Lecember 1941 relctlons betwee1
Jopn middoton the ona Jr nd rnd the United Stotes of mer le
rnd Gret Brltcln on the other continuously detershy
lorotcd bacruse of Jrrr~s ~g~esslon in E~st ~sir
rnd duplicity in lnternrtionil neeotictlonsmiddot
The TTnlted Stotes of 11erioo rnd 8remiddott Britin
frecuently prctested thct J~prn s militory opehtions
were~ violtion of the provisions of the trecties
mentioned in Count middot2 hereof nd celled the ettentlon
of beth Chine md J~prn to their obligctmiddotions thereshy
under They ~1so declcred thct they would not recogshy
nize ~ny situmiddottion in ianchurlc or elsewhere brought
obout by violrtions thereof
J~pi-n in unequivoc-l tertlS grve rssurrnces thst
she h~d no territori~l mbitions in ChinL thrt she
would respect the open door policy in Chino In
spite of these c siiurbull noes she set up r -puppet
regie in lnchukuo nd proceeded to close the doer
to the TTni ted st tes of middotnericl End British tr11de
ffter tlte consolidrtipn of the linchurin posishy
tion Jln continued her ggressive policy in Est
sir in spite of ossurrncqs tht she hcd no terrishy
toriel ~mbitlons eouth of the Gret frll
The tnited 5tltes uid Grebullt Britdn 1ndervoured
to convince Jp n th~middott her bast interests lY in
perce but it wr-s cler from her Ctions tht she
intended to resort to force to gla neighbouring
countries end territories
During 1935 Jmiddotp-n incrasad hEr mllitrry nd
llfvrl strength middotnd undertook limited militrry
ctivities to extnd her damintion over Chimmiddot The
- 80 shy
United States of America and Great ~ritain continued
to draw Japans attention to her treaty obUgations
but this had no effect on her military activities
In 1936 the United States of America endeavourshy
ed to get Japan to agree to the principle of eauality
in commercial and industrial sp~eres and not to
resort to force to obtain preferential rights This
was also rejected by Japan
In 1937 Japan declared that the principles of
international relationship propounded by the United
States of America were consistent with her own but
qualified this by stating that the objectives could
only be obtained by an understanding of ~he particushy
lar circumstances of the East In 1937 Japan comshy
Ienced further military aggression in China and soon
thereafter the United States of America l)ffered her
good offices in the dispute and appealed to both
parties to refrain from war This ofter wes not
accepted by Japan and the appeal had no effect In
the same year Japan refused an invitation to attend
the Brussels Conference called under the provisions
of the Nine-Power Treaty On August 26th 1937
Japanese forces attacked cars belonging to the
British Embassy in China and on December 12th
attacked warships belonging to the United States of
AMerica and Great Britain on the Yangtze
At the end of 1938 Japan procl~ined her policy
of a new order in 3ast Asia end refused to ~ive any
unconditio~al assurance that the open dnor policy
in China would be maintained
Thereafter many interferences by Japan in
- 81 shy
Jtprnoso controlled territories with the rights or
the United States or ~Aeries end British netonels
took place end in July 1939 the United States or
America gave notice or terminetion or the 1911
commercial Treaty ~it~ Jeen
In September +940 after Japans military
alliance vi th Germany and Italy the United State
ot lmerica was forcedmiddotto place limitations on the
export of iron steel and raY materials to Japan
In arch 1941 conversations between the
Japanese ambassador in - eshington end the United
States Secretary or State took ~lace in an endeavour
bl the ~Tnited States to se~tle outstanding differshy
ences ano to reach a peaceful settlement ihile
these vrere proceeding Jepen continued at e feverish
pace to prepare for war At an Imp~rial Conference
on 2nd July the decision to advance southward
obviously directed against the United States of
America the Kingdom of the Netherlands end the
British CoAmonweelth was reached At a further
Conference on 6th Se~tecber it was decided to open
hostilities against the llited States of America
Great Britain end the letherlends in case the requireshy
ments ot Japan seemed unlikely to be realized by
B901B time clurinf tbe first part cf October On 1st
December a further Conference definitely decided on
war The decisions of the two lest-mentioned Confer-middot
encee were kept secret Cn 7th-8th December 1941
while negotiaticns were still proceeding Japan med~
surprise attacks on territories of the United amptetee
of Anerica et earl arbour of the British Commonshy
- 82 shy
weelth of Nations at Singapore elaya Hong Kong
and Sh~nrhai of the Commonwealth of the Philippines
and of Thailand She delivered no declaration of
war andmiddot to the ritish Commonvealth o~ Tations or
to the Conmonwealth of the ~hilippines no document
ot any kind To the United States of America she
delivered after the etteck a document which did
not end was not intended to cmount to a decleretion
of war
Stie entirslmiddot disregarded all the other Treaty
obligations r-ferred to in Counts 7 and 8 hereof
SOCTJCH 10
Tbe Netherlands ~ast Indies and tnemiddotPortugese
~ortion of the Islend of Ti111or were within the erea
coveted b Japm and described by her tis the Greeter
East ~sie Co-ProsNrity Sphere
In addition to thf general treaties binding
Jepan not to atteck these areas Treaty rticles Nos
20 and 21 refer respectively to these naticns in
terms Ja)en also rod a treat with the Hetrerlands
repardirP the ~est Indies which she denounced on the
12th June 1940 in preparation fer aggression
agai~st them At that time tre hom~land of the
Nethorlends had been recently and treacherously
()Ver-run by JrpaQ s ally Ger111eny end the Dutch
GoverrJJ1ent hbull d been corrpollcd to seek refuge in
ngland Thereefter Je_J n endeavoured to compel thrt
Government to agree toe new treaty on terms unduly
- SJ shy
fovcurable to Japcn but they wore unwilling to do
se The prcperet1ons of Jepcn fore general cggresshy
s1ve wcr in the Fer East included en intention to
invede the c~herlonds tost Indies The occupation
by Jbullpbullmiddotn or French Indo-Ch lna complete in July
1941 end the attecks upon territories of the United
States of tmcricc end tho British Commonwealth of
~rftions on the 7th-8th December 1941 were till prrt
of t plen which ircludcd t n inve sion of the Nethershy
lends r~st Indies This wes spcc1ficclly one of tho
d~cisions of the Jcponeso Imperial Conference of the
6th Se~tember 1941 Consequently the Natherlonds
Government irm~d1ately nfter the lest mentioned
cttacks declrred war on Jepen in self-defence
On tho 11th Janucry 1942 Jepcn invaded and
therefter repidly occupied the retherlcnds East
Indies
On 19th February 1942 Jepcn without ~ny
pretence of right or of eny quarrel vi th the itepublic
of Portugcl invRded ~ortugese Timor end occupiGd
it for the purpose of crrrying on her cggreseive
wcr egeinst ell the ~llied n~tions bull
ll4 shy
APPENDIX B
List of ~rticles of Trenties violated by JrponClld incorporcted in Groups One rndTwe
The Convention tor the Frcific Settlement of Intershy
nc-tion1l Dielutes sigmmiddotd t The Hegue 29 July 1899
The srid Convention wis signed nd r~tifiod
by or on behflf of J-n(n Cnd each of the ~ritions
middot britlf ing thf ct rrgcs in thfs Ind1 ctmltrnt subject to
oGrtotn rcscrvrt1ons not here motoriol
1 Article I
With P view to obvhting rs fr s possiblt-
recourse to force in tho rel~tions between Stctes
the Signrtory Powers rgree to uso their best efforts
to ensure th6 pecific settlcment of internitioncl
differences
2 Article II
In cesemiddotor serious disrgreemant or conflict
before tn bullmiddotppctgt 1 to rrciv middottlle Signr tory Yowers t gree
to middothrve reccurse rs fr rs circwnstbullnoes nllow to
the good offices or medi tion of enc or more friendly0
owers
The Convention tor the ~~eifio Settlement or Intershy
n~tionrl Usputes signed rt the Erguo 18 Ootobor
The sdd Convention ws signea nd rrtitied by
or on behrlf of Jrpmiddotn ~nd ec-ch of the nrtions bringshy
ing the Chfrges in this Indictment with the exception
or the United Kingdom rnd the Union of lgtoviet
Socirlist Republics a-ubject to eertcin reservtions
not here 112tcrimiddotl
bull 85 bull
trtiole 1
With c view to obvirting ~a for ~s possible
recourse to force in the relrtionsmiddotbetw~on Stntes
the Contr~oting ~owers rgree to use their best
offorts to ensure the pr oifio settlemcnt of lntarshy
nrtionrl differences
i rticle 2
In cnse of serious discgreenpoundnt pr dispute
beforc ~n ebulll to ~rms the Contrreting ewers
ogree to hi)ve recourse rs fer cs eiroumstnnoes
rllow to the good 01fioes or medirtionmiddot of one or
nore friendly nowers~
The Hegue Convrntioi lJo III Relmiddottive to the opening
of ~ostilities 1 signsd 18 October 1907
The sold Convention wns signed rnd rrtified by
or on bGhrlf of Jcprn rnd eoch of the notions bringshy
ing tho ohrrgo in this Indictment
rticle I
The Contrrctlng rowers recognize the t host11shy
1tie~ between thrimselvesmiddotmust not co=enoe without
previous Pnd ~xpl1cit ~rrn_ing in the form cltheuror cf
re~ soned declrrtio_n of w~ r middot or of en ultim tllll
with oondition~lmiddotdeolrrrt1cri of wtr
ierr~runt effected by cxohrngo of notes between the
nnitod st~tes bullnd Jrprn 1 signed JO November 1908 1
dGolnrine their policy in the F(lr 0rst
6 2 The Polley of both Governments unlnrlucncshy
ed by rny ~ggreee1ve tendencies ls Olrectod tomiddottho
ll~~JlAC~ ot th( cx1 stDe 41t-tus quo in tho region
f bove-mntloned nd to the defence cf fhe- J)rfao1Jlle
of ()quol opportunity for ciimmercend industry_in
bull 86 shy
Chino
7 3 They ere cccordingly firmly resolved
reciprocmiddotlly to respect the territoriel posssssions
belongint tc ec ch other in said r1agion
8 4 Thy rre clsc deterllined to preserve the
con11on interest or Fell Joyers in Chine by supporting
b~middot l )Citic nens bullt thsir dispos11 the independshy
ence fDd integri ty or Chin End the prinCiJ)l6 or
equel opportunity for cocrerce rn~ incustry or rll
nbullmiddottions in thrt Lipire
9 5 Srould ~ny event occur threrteningmiddotthe
st~tus ouo rs ~-hove described ormiddot the principle or eou~l o~~ortunit~ cs rbove derinedit reragtins for
the two iovernmcnts to coanunicr te with each otbcr
in order to rrrive ~t rn underst~nding es to whet
L1ersures thty mry consider it useful to tcke
The Convention ~nd ~inrl rotocol ror the Suppressio
of the buse cf rpillil nd other DruRs 1 si~ned et
The rbue 23 Jnurry 1912 rnd 9 July 1913
10 Tht sid Convention wrs signed nd rrtified by
middot or on bchr lf of Jrp n r nd ech of the n tions br~shy
ing the chmiddotrees in this Indictnent
Tt c Tremiddotmiddottv of Jefce between tha -bulllliod rnd bullssocimiddotte
Powers rnd GErmlt1ny I signed t Versmiddotillee 1 28 June
1919 known ~-s th Versilles TreEtY
Ii rticle 10 of the Coven nt of tho Legue of
Nmiddottions
The bullclbers of th Lagu undertbullmiddotke to rGspect
middotr-nd preserve bulls middotgrinst extern-1 -ggression the
tcrritoril inteigtrity middot nd existirw polltic-1 indeshy
Tendencs of ~ 11 Jbers of the ler gue In ctse of
any such aggraeaion or in case of any threat or
danger ot such aggression the Council shall advise
upon the Jlleen~ by which this oblitation shall be
tultill6d
12 ~rticle 12 ot the Covenant of the League ot
Pat ions
The lenbers ot the League agree that 11 there
should arise bateen them any fis~ute likely to lead
to a rupture they will subLlit themiddotmatter either to
arbitration or to enquirf by the Council end they
agree in no case to resort to war until three t10nths
after tte ewerd ~Y the arbitrators or themiddotreport by
the Council
l) ert1cle 13 of the Covenent ot the leepue ot
Netione
Tbe embers ot the League aeree that whenever
any ~ls~ute ehall arise between them which they
recognize to be suitable tor suboission to
arbitration end which cannot be satisfactorily settled by diplomacy they will subnt the whole
subject n1Stter to arbitration
Disputes es to the interpretation ot s tresty
as to any euestion or internati~nel law es to the
existence ot any tact which it established would
constitute a ))reach of any international obligation
or es to the extent end nature of the reparation to
be oede tor any such ireech ere declared to be
among those which ere generally suitable tor subshy
111~ ssion to erbitretion
For the consideration of any such clis ute the
eourt of arbitration to which-the case is referred
- 88 shy
~hall be the court erreed on by_ the rarties ~o the
disrute or stiuletec n any convention existing
middot between then
The middotemters or tlle League erree that they will
carry out in fuil ood taith eny av1ard thut iray be
rendered tnlI t~et ther will not resort tower I
against a ember of the league which COll)lies thereshy
with In the event of any failure to carry out such
award the Council shell rropose hhet steps should
middotbe taken to rive effect thereto
14 rtcle 15 of t~e Ccvrnrnt of tte leeeue of
Naticns
If there stould criss betveen embGrs of the
League any ciisgtute lHelJmiddot to lead toe rupture
which is not submitted to arbitration in accordance
with ~rticle lJ the elbers of the league agree
tJiat tJie will tutt the rntter to tte council
Any rortr to the lllsutc 11ey effect igtuch subuislicn
by Pivin~ notice of the existence of the dis~ute to
the ~ecretery-ener11l who hill reke ell nccesslry
arrange bullents for a full investiration and considershy
ation ttereof
ror this ~urncse the nerties to the disnute will
cc~middotaunicete tc the Secretary-Glmiddotnerel es rrolptly as
noeeible stetebullbullnte of their cesa ~1th all the
rtlGvent facts enc papers nd the Council ra foLth- middot
bull1th dir~ct the publicetion thereof
Tte Councl lF 11 nc1eivour _to effect a settleshy
ment of the diE-uts and if such Gfforts fre succoisshy
ful e statGmont ehll t1 ntgtdlt ublic giviie such
ftcts rd elJlanlt l onE rcr[)rdinc tlc disuto igtnd the
- 89 shy
tmiddoteramp1s or settlement therampcr s ttdeg Council EJ deem
s~~rorriete
Jr the dis~utc is not tt-us settled ~he louncil
either un~ninously er by G Ecjority vote shell mcbullEl
c-nd rublish e rellort contllinin tmiddot stcter-ampnt cf thamp
fects of tlo dis~utE bullnd the recorncndticns which
Pr~ deemed just rnd nroner in rcvrd thereto
Any middotmbcr of the Llt-egue rmiddotprcscntd on ths I
Council m~y P-~kc ~ublic e stcte~cnt or tho frets of
the disutc End of its conclusions rcgrding ths
s_fie
If rerort bmiddot the Colllcil is uncnifilously rgrscd
to by the lllbcrs ttereof ether thln the tcprampsampnteshy
tives of on_ er -ore ot ttmiddot rtics to the dispute
the Cecbers ot middot the Lru( bullerco thit they will not
go tc wpound-r Fi tl bullny i~rty to the disrutc which corshy
plics with the rccomntnd tions of tbr rport
If th~ Council r~ ils to re~cr reort which is
unr nirlously greed to b tt~ llCrtLtors thereof o thcr
ttn ttc llrescntitivcs or one or ore of the
p rtics tcgt tt disute t1 l-scbrs cf the Lc~guc
rltscrvc to thelIS-lves th rieht to tki sue bullcti_on
rs tlcy shrmiddotll _consi~cr nccess~ry for the llmiddotiritnbull ncG
of right cncI justice
-r ttn dis~utc bctwccn the irti s is clriracd
by one of thu1 ne is found by the Council to rist
out of ~ a-ttr Nhich by intcrntionJl l~w is solrily
within th~ doJiestic jurisdiction oi th~t pmiddotrty th
Council Eh 11 so rlcrt nd shJ l u- kC no recoshy
P--nd-tion -S to its- settlcnent
r Council JI ~middot ii ny c-- sc undar this
- cc- shy
rticle refer the dispute tc he Assenbly T~e
dlspite shall be sc rcierre1 at t1e recniest of
elt--er party to t1e dis)ute provided that su~h a
reouest be 1iade within fourteen days after the sushy
miss icn cf tie dispvte to the Council
In any case referredmiddot to the Assembl7 all te
provisions cf t1is middotrticle cnd cf Article 12 relat-
ing to the action a-d povPgts cf the Cciuntil scwll
apply -to the action and povrers of the Asser1bly proshy
vided that a report ade by the Assembly if con-
curred in middotbmiddotr the Representatives of those --embers
of t1e Leale re pres ted on the Counc 11 and of a
1ajorit of the othrr middotembers of t1e eaeue c~shy
~lus ive in each case of Representatives of the
parties to the tisputc shall have the saLe force as
a report by the Cou1~il concurrPd in by all the
fieiS thereof othEr than the Rerescntatives of
one or more of the ltJrties tc the disp1te 11
15 Article 22 oft~~ Coven~ntmiddot cf the League of
1-ations
Other peoples especially those of Central
Africa are at such o staJe that the ~ndatory must
be resgtons ible for the aduiis trat ion of the terri tor
urner contitions which wi l ruarantee freec)om cf
ccnscence nnd rel1 middotior SJb Je~t cnly to the ma1ntenshy
cnce cf pc1llJic order end ncrals the prohl1Jitin
of abses sue as t1-middot slave tracc tllc arns tra~ tc
an the-liuor rotfic and the prevent1gtn of the
establishment of fortifications or mllitnry am
na7al bases and of mil1tar trpoundinin of thL natives
for ither than police purposes and the defence of
territor and u1ll aisc secure ebulluai opportunities
- 1 shy
~ tht trrde net oonmcrc ot othr iombcrs ot the
Le~gu- Tter1 ~re tarritories such a South-Jcst
trio~ nd 011rtmiddotin or tho South Jrc1r1c Isl~ nds
hioh owilltl to the ep-rsoncss or their populmiddot tion
or their sror 11 size or their rcr10toness from the
centr6s er c1v1Uz-t1on or their googr-phiol oonshy
t1~middot11ty to the territory or t)s Lmiddotndmiddott_ory bullnd other
oircumstrmiddotnoos or n be best rmiddotdm1n1 starrd under the
l~ws ot th G l-nd tory s 1ntq_trbull l nort1ons or 1ts
territory subject to the s togur rds -_bovo-ncntionod
in the interests or the indigenous popul tion
16 bullrtiole 2J (c) of th~ Covcn nt of the Lemiddotguo of
rrtons
SubjGdegct to nd in ~ ccord nee vith bull the provisions
ot intern ticn middotmiddot l conventions existing or heremiddot ttcr
to bo middot eroed U1on th middotmlicrs ot the lergue bullbullbullbullbull
( o) will entrust tho le guc with thebull gonor l
supervision over the execution of middotgrccmnts v11 th
regmiddot rd to tt e tr trio in WOll3n middot nltJ children middot nd ths
trrric in oiun middotncl othilr d~nFcrcus drugs
Tht l-ndrt- frol tt Lemiddot rue of ~Tbullt5ons pursubullmiddotnt to
t1c Vcrsmiddot 111-s Trcbulltz irde bullt Gcnor 17 kccnbcr 19n
17 bullrticlc )
The lbullnd-tory shll see th t the slmiddotve trmiddotde
is prohibited bullnd th t no forccd lbullbour is porll1tttd
axcopt for esscntimiddotl ublic works ~nd sorvicos ~nd
then onlr formiddot dequ tc romunormiddottion
18 rticli 4 The 1111litc-ry tr ining cf the n t1veuros othtrvise
thmiddotn for ~urpseuros or int~rnbulll ~olioc middotnd the loc 1
- 92 bull middot
detonco ot th t1arritory sh 11 be prohibited
Furthermore no mllitbullry or rmiddotvmiddot l bsos shmiddotll bo
ostblished or tortitiotions orec~cd in the
territory
Tremiddotty botv1ecn th( British Ccllllonmiddot olth middotor n t10middot1s 1
Trnce 1 Jbullmiddotp n nrgt thlt Unitod Str-tcs or llmiddotmiddotric
middot relmiddot tin to thclr Insulr possessions nd middot~nsulmiddotr
pominions n the P-middot oiflc Ccebulln 1 lJ December 1921
The H rGmiddotti W s middotsiend ne rr tlfi1d by the
~ifn tory olcre
19 middotrticlc I
Th Hi~t Contrmiddot ctlne middotrtits grce is bltlt106n
thsmsolves to rcs)oct thdr r_ifhts in rel tion to
their insulr roescssions middotnt ineul r dorunions in
the middotregion o~ the 7 citic Dcemiddotmiddotn
It then should develop betwein ny of the High
Contrbull ctinr ~rtics bull controvCrs rising out or ny
- cific question middot nc involving their srmiddotid rights
thiih ii not smiddot tisf ctorily settled by diploti cy nd
is likely to bulltfect tho he raonlous middotmiddot ccord now hmiddotmiddotppily
subsistinc between ttcm they sholl invite the othir
Hh Contr~ctinr ---rtibulls to joini Contorcnco io
middot vHct tl~ hcl subjlot will be refrrcd tor conshy
sidermiddot tion nit middotdiu~tmnt
Identic Corrunicmiddot ticn ri-do to tb lfothrlmiddotnds Govzrnshy
ment on 4 Fzbrumiddotmiddotrmiddot 1922 on b~hmiddot 11 of thbull- ~middotritish i
Cornnonwe-lth of nmiddotmiddottions middot nd lso mutbulltis mut ndis
on behmiddot lt cf Jmiddotr-n nlt thamp othr --~~era signmiddot tory
to th -~umiddotdrunlr cific Tremiddot ty ot 13 Decltaber 1921
stmiddotmiddottes thbullt shy 20 Ths N1gtthcrbnds not bain sifO tory to tt smiddot fd
- 9~ shy
Tre middotty middotmiddotnci t_h~ Ncthrl nds possession in the region
ot-thc P~riific Ccern thErcforc not being includ~d
in the bullgrccmcnt ref~rred to His Britnnic t~J~stys
Govarnmrnt nxious to for0 stmiddot ll ny conclusion conshy
trmiddot ry to ths sirit of the Trcbullty desires to dGcl~rlt
thnt it is firml~middot r0solvcd to respect tho rights of
the Ncthcrlbullnds in rslmiddottion to ctr insulmiddotmiddotr posscdshy
sions in the region of the Pmiddotcific 0cc n
Idcntic Communic tien 11dE to the ortugucsG Govurnshy
mcnt on 6 Fcbrumiddotri 1922 on behlf of tho British
on b~hmiddot lf of Jbull T n nc th othn owers slpn tory to
the ~u-ar~lE Tclf4 c Tr0middotmiddottbullmiddot cf 13 Decu1ber 1921
stmiddottes th t shy
2~ ~ho ortuguesE not beinp signmiddottory to the s id
-Trebullty nd the ~ortusucsc ~ossess~ons in the region
of the ~~cific Ccc1n therefore not being included
in tte middotgreencnt rsLrrd to E Brlthnic middot jcity s
Government nxioupound to forEJst11 ny conclusion
ccntrbullry tc th fririt of the Trcmiddot t) desires to
acclmiddot re th middotj it is firrillmiddot rosolvcd to respect thfgt
rights of nortugmiddot 1 in rel tion to hor insubr posshy
sessions in th~ i-rion of th TLcific Ccern
Ttc rebull ty bftweon the TTnitcd Stmiddot tcs of lcricr the
Pritish Comcnvomiddotlth oftmiddotmiddot t0ns tlgiuM Chin-
Yrrnc~ Itbullly JmiddotTmiddotn the N~thcrlmiddotnas nd Portupmiddotl
concludedmiddot~~ ~igns~ t middotmiddot~shin~ton 6 P~brumiddot ~y 1922
~c 2middotmiddotid retmiddot wf siv1d middotnd rrtifLd b~middot or on
lmiddot lf cf TbullO-n middot ni middot ct 01 th~ n ticr5 brireine thlt- bull
ctmiddotrPt~ in ttls I~dictntnt ~Ith t~L czc~ption of th~
- 91 shy
Union middotof Sovi~t Sooiel1et Re1ubllcs middot
Article I
Themiddot Contractin~ rowers other than China
eereebull
22 bull ( l) Tu reseot middotthe sovereifnty the independshy
ence end the territorill adilinhtrstive integrity
ot China
2J ( 2) To )rovide ihe tullest and nost unem-
berraesed oportunity toCh1na tc develop end mainshy
tain tor herself en etteotive end stable Government
24 ( J) To use their middotinfluence tor the purpose ot
effectually establiehinv end oainteininq theprinshy
ciple of equal or~ortunity for the ooJllilerce and
industry_ of ell noticns throll eurohout tte territory of
China
25 (4) To refrain fron tekinf advantage ot conshy
di ti~ms in China in ormiddotder to see special rights_ or
privilegeft wh)ch wculd ampbridge the rights ot subjects
omiddotr _cl tizens of friendly States Eind- fror1 countenancshy
ing action in~ical to the security ot such States 9middot
Article II
26 The Contractin- ewers agree not to enter into_
any tre~ty eereeoent arraneementor understanding
either with one another middotor ndivltually _or collecshy
tively with any pwer or Tmiddotowers llmiddothicb wouid
infring~ or impair the p~inoiples stated in middotArticle Ir Article III
ntri th a view tomiddot eJl]lmiddotin~ more ettectuelly the
principles -Of th (lpen JJvOr or equality Of OJgt)Ortun-
ity in Chine for tte trade and incustry of all
nstions thP Contracmiddotting rovere other ~hen Chna
- 95
e~ee that they 111111 not seek nor sup~_t thelr
tesnective ne~ fone ls in seeUnr shy
27bull (a) middot Any errenfenent which rmiddotdrht -urrort to
establish in favour of their interests any general
suueriori ty of riftts 1th respect to comraerdal or
economic development in any desi_neted reeion of
China
28 ( b) Any suet oonoooly or preference as would
denri ve the m ti one ls of ani other --ower of the rieht
of undertaking any legitimate trade or industry in
China or o participitinif 1th the Chinese Governshy
ment or with any local e uthority in any category
or -public enteririse or which by reason of its
scope duration or geora~hical extent is celcushy
lated to frustrate the rrecticel ep-llcation cf the
principle of eual opportunity
It is understood tl~t te foreeoilf stipulationf
of this Article are not to be so construed amps to
Tgtrohibit the acquisition of such 1ronerties or
ri~h_ts as me~ be necessary to the conduct of a parshy
ticular cornrercial middotindustrial er financial undershy
takin or to the encourapoundeLent of invention end
research
Cbira undertakes to be gdcled by the rinciples
stated in tte foregon- stir-uletions of this ~middotticle
in dealinr wit-0 er-rlicetions for emiddotcononic rights end
privileges frc1 timiddot rcverll1ents end naticnals of t11
foreien countries whethEr partiEs t~ tha present
Article IV
29 The Cortr~ct~~ ~cr~~s BfrEe not to ~up~Qrt
eny agreements by their respective nationals with
each other designed to create Spheres of Influence
or to rovide for the enjojment of mutually exolusiv
opportunities in des1gnsted parts of Chinese terri shy
tory
Art1cldege VII
JO The Contrectin) ewers agree that vhenevr a
siturtion arise) hich in the opinion of any one or
thcu involves the cpplicit1on or the stipulations
of the present Treaty middottnd renders desirable disshy
cuSsion or suoh Epplioction thermiddot6 shall be full
snd frark oo6riuriio tion between themiddot Contrc oting
Powera co1oerned
Treaty hpoundtwe3n ttc United Stetes and JEllP-n signed
t middotmiddotrshinrton 11 Februry 1922
The arid Trecty wa3 sirned rnd ratiffod by
the 8fnstory rcbullmiddotrs
~rticle II 1
Jl The United StEtes end lts nmiddot tionals shall
receive ell the benefits or the cngagcuents of Jepar
defined in ~rticles J 4 ondmiddot 5 of the Eforesaid
lsndete notwithstmdin the fect that the United
Strtes is not e mcmuer of the Ls6gue of thbulltions
Ccnvsnt1on signLd ~t Gcnevr 19 February 1925
J2 Th sdd Convention wcs s1encd nd rtified by
or on bchnlf of Jbullmiddotpt n nd B[O~ of the nyt1ons bringshy
ing th1o chrmiddotregtcs in this Indictrrnnt with tho excepshy
tion of the Union of Soviet Soci~list R~1ublics
(bin i-ol middotthe TrJtsd StrtoF or raric bull
- 97 shy
~nericomiddot tbs Prssldent of the Gerrpoundmiddotn Reich Fls
Jejcsty the Yinp cf the Bleiens 1 the resi1font of
the Frrnch R=~ubl1c 1 Fis te 1esty the inmiddot of Grnegtt
~itPin 1 IrclFnd end the British Loninlons beyond the
SeM I Irm6ror of India His la jsty the r1n9 of
Itely 1 His Llt-jcsty theuro Ecurror of J~f)en the resishy
dent cf the ctqublic of PolPnd Lnd the Prcsident of
the Czochoslov=k Reuronublic 1 ccnclueed Lnd signed ct
Jrris 27 middotw-ust 1928 1 knorn ~s thE IbllOg-)ri1nd
Peet nd ~~ the ~rct of Pmiddot ris
The srid rebull ty YlS signed Pnd r-tified by the
1iill tcry obullsrs
lrtick I
JJ Thi lifh Contrcctng ~1rties 1101Emn~y deelcre
in the nr~es of their res~ctive peoplesJh~t they
condecn recoursemiddot to 1-middotr for the solution of intcr shy
nctionrmiddotl ccctrovcrsies ~ne renounce it cs en
instrllJlCnt of n tic _-1 policy in tbcir rlr tions
with -ons inctber
Article II
J4 The Rieb Contr(ctin~ Prties ogree th t th
settlement or solution of i11 disrutes or conflicts
of ~-hitevtr n tur or of hotevcr origin tbey ruy
sought except by pbullcific M~middotns
Dccl~r ticn of Irrpcrirl p~ncsb GovcrI11lcnt 1 27 June
1929 1 ccnccrning -~rticle I of the Kelloge-Pribull nd
Peet of 27 August 192
Th Impcrlr 1 lcv rnnnt dccL re thi t ttc
rhr soolog in tts nmiddotlltS of tt(ir respective
p01ks Pf-middotrin 1 rticlc J cf tt rrmiddot ty frr
- 98 shy
the Renuncif tion cf _ r sirncd rt rrie on 27
urust 1928 vicved in the light of th~ provisions
or the Impcribulll Constitution is understood to be
inrppliCbmiddot in so fmiddotr s Jrprn is concernecl
llG Convmiddot ntion rclbullmiddott~n~middot to l~rcotic Drugs shncd
rt Gcncv~ lJ July 1931
35 The srid Convention wbullssign~d -nd rrtifiad by
or on bchmiddot lf of Jcpn with r rcscrv tion s recorded
in th protmiddotocol cf sirn ture nc c ch of th n tions
brinfing the chrrecs _in this Indictiicnt with tro
cxcetion of the Union of SoviEt ~ocilist RG~ublics
Chinbull trc Cor-monwe ltr of tustr lir rnd Ncw ZDlrnd
Trc ty btveurocn Thilmiddotnd middotnd Jp nmiddot conccrnin~ the
continumiddot nc of frimiddot~ndly rJlmiddottions middot nc tho nutu 1
riscct cf emiddottlh others tcrritoribulll iptcgrity 1
Si1ned middot t Tokyo 12 June 1940
lhc sbull id Tre tr wmiddot s s~_gnec nd rmiddot tified by
the Sign tory rovcrs
trticlG I
3l nThE Fifh ContrbullcCinf Forties s~~ll nutu~lly
resnct ~-ch others territoribulll intqrity middotnd
hcrebmiddot rcrfflru the constrmiddotnt 1cce nd the ierpetuil
fricndship existin between them
Convention rcsnctin~ t~c ~irhts bullnd Duties of
reutr1 ewers ~nd creons in 1fmiddot_r on Vmiddotnd signed
~t Tho Hbull2uJ 18 OctcbLr 1~07
37- rtJcle I
Th trrltory of mutr l ~-mcs is inviolmiddotmiddottl
JR _rtiole II
- 99 shy
rcross the tG~tor of ~ ntiutrl ow1r
Treo-ty of Jortsraoutl- b6twEen Russfr -nd Jpcn
signod 5 Sertc~bampr 1905 which esttblished
Art1cl6 II (p(rbullerr-~h 3) 39 It is bulllso ~greod thmiddot t in crder to rvoid middotlJ
c~ usa of iiisunderstmiddot nc-ing the two F1gt Contrrct1ne
-rt1es wi11 -bstdn ontl6 Russo-Iorcin frontier
from tr11nv r-ny nillt ry morsur6s which moy mEnccamp
tte security of Russ1middot n or ~orern territory
bullrt1cle It (Pmiddotrts l bullnd 2) Ja~an ana Russia mutua~ly e~~age
40 ( l) To evmiddot cu te COll)lGt ely nd simultr neously
tmiddotbull nchlirilt1 eJCcpt thbullj territory rffected by the lcse
of the li~otun2 zcninsuln in conformity with the
provisions of middotcdition l lrticle I~ nnexod to
Trc ty bullmiddotnd
41 () To rcstors cntirtolt middot nd COl]lttoll to th
oxclusive dninamptr tion ofChin_ 11 rortions of
irnchuri nov in th~ occuo tion or under middottho coritrol
of the lqmiddotnGse or Rurs1middot1 troops Nitl th exception
of the trr1 tor bull b0vbull rn nt londl
rticlc IV
obstruct ny gcncr-middot1 nrsures cnmiddotmiddotmiddotJori to rmiddotll C0 1Lttr1es
vhicb Chin~ rnmiddoty t middot~ tor th lcvlorwnt t)f thv
coriflcrcs rid incustr~middot of gt nchu1middot1bull
I) middotmiddotn middotnJ -usbull ngmiddotp tbull xlbit thdr
- 1ot shy
44 J middotn nd Russi uutumiddotmiddotlly grec-not to conshy
struct in their rcsnectivu possessions on th~
Islrnd of Srghbulllicn or the middotdJ cent isl-nds ny
fortificmiddottione or other similmiddotmiddotr militrl works
They middotmiddotlso rrspectivcly cngg not to t l1 ~ny milishy
tr ry ncsures hch MY impede the free nmiddot vigmiddottion
cf the Strmiddot its o 1middot re rouse bull nd T rt ry
h onventfon on Elbodying P~sc hulcs of tho
Rclmiddotmiddottions bctweenmiddotJrbulln nlt= the Union cf Soviet
ltocilist Rr~ublics 1 srn~d 20 J nur 1925 in
rkine
This Conv0nticn wmiddots signed middotnd rmiddottificd by the
Ciflnmiddotmiddot tory rovcrs
rticle V
45 bull Tho High 0ontrbullmiddotcting ~ rtis soleMnl ffirm
thcr desire middotnd intention to liv~ in rbull~cc middotnd
bullmiddotMitr ri ti emiddot ch ottr scrupulcJsly to rspcct th1
undoubted rieht of Stmiddottc to order its oyn life
1dthin ts own jurisdiction in its own w~y to
rf frmiddot in - ncl rcstrr in bull 11 erson in middot ny govornshy
mentrmiddot l service for th-11 nd 11 or~niz7ticns n
rocir-t of middot O findegncirl rssiitmiddot rc~ fron them frou
middot~ny middot ct ovrt or covrt limiddotmiddotbl fr II) w~y whtcver
to enc1middot n1er the order middot nlt securitr n i n1 rmiddot rt of
thc tcrritoris cf T n n th nlol 1f ltcvivt
Socimiddotljst ~rublios
rt l f11rt~-1r middot ~rcrt1 tmiddot~ t n thtr ontrmiddotct~nq
r-~rty ~~ middot11 rsrr-middotmiddot bull_ t~1 middotr=f( n 1i tr - t-rrltorlis
undr bullts juri stl ctJ vi -- ( middotmiddot ) of c--n izmiddot t~c-re er
irouS pr-tn1ln~ tmiddot bi~ th CTOVcIlll1-lt iCr ~ny r- t
of ttf t~rritorier Gf tb~ ether ~rt~ or b) cf
- 101 shy
alien subjects or citizens who may be found to be
_actually carryinr on political activities for such
organizations or -bullro ups
The Neutrality act t)etween the TTn~on of Soviet
rlccialist Reublics and Tapan siuned 13 April 1941
This ~ect was sirned end ratified~~ the
Signatory rowers bull
~rti cle I
46 Both Contrecti 1g Iarties engage to naintain
peaceful end friendly relations between themselves
and mutually respect the territorhl integrity end
inviolabilit of the other Contracting Party
Article II
47 If one of the Contrectlng Parties becomes the
object of militar action on the part of one or
several other overs the cther Contracting Farty
will r~intaln neutrality during the whole ~ericd of
the conf 11 ct
- 102 shy
list of Lfficiel bullssuronces Violated by JIc1-~nd lncororeted Li Group One
25thmiddot Se~tember 1931 ~het JalBn rad no
territoriel desiens in renchuriamp
2 25th middotcvember 1931 That there was no truth
in the report of a Japanese edvancemiddoton Chinchow
J 22nd December 1931 Thet Chinese sovereignty
would be accented ~no that tre opei c-oor rolicy
would be nsntEned
4 5th Jenu~ r 1 1933 That Jaan hsd no territshy
oriel ellbitons s~ut~ cf Jhe Greet Well in vina
5 25th n~ril 1 1934 middotThat Jepan had no intention
vhatever of seeUn~ leciel privileuroPes in Cbinr of
encrcechire UOn the territorial snd administr11tive
integrit v of Chine or oI creating difficulties for
the bona fide trr-de of other countries middot1th Chne
6 15th uibullust 1 1937 That Janen harboured no
territorial designs on China enrl would middotsprre no
efforts in sefeuardin foreltn interest end r1hts
in Cina
7- Seterber 1937 That Jsren had peecetul
intentionB EJnn e lECY of -territorial designs in
Torth Chins
8 17th Fe_bruery 1 1939 That lfjpaa hid nc
terrl torlel designs in China nc that the occul)bt icI
ietrndnn uetl lU~-her_reP(bullristons_ th Geimiddot=ny 6ld
Itsl~ r~JttiYa t~ ~1 ser r~li-timiddot)ne wlticr tht i11tishy
- middot103 shy
10 l5th April 1940 ~hct Je~sn desired status
quo of the I-etherlands ~est Indies
11 16th ~ey 1940 That Japan had no rIEns nor
pur])ose tomiddot attack the Nettmiddoterlends East Indies
12 24th lerch 1 1941 Thft under no circumst6nces
vculd Jaoen ettacr the United States of 1oerica
Greet Dritein or th etherlancls est lndits
lJ 8th July 1941 That Ja~n rac not so fer
consfderec1 the middot~ossibili t~ of 1ifhtnf the Union
of Soviet Socialist Reublics
14 10th Tulv 1941 Thft Japen cont~plated no
cction rgoinst French lndo-Chne
15 5th middot~cerber 1941 Tht troop riovernnts in
French cndo-Cldna were precauticner1 meltlsUres bull
104 shy
AlPtmrx n
Incor~oreted in Group Three
The Laws and Customs of 1middotar ere established
pertly by tre ~rectice of civilized netions end
pertly by Conventions snd rseurances which are
either directly bindinn upon the parties thereto or
evidence of the established ~nG recognized rules
The Conventions end issurences hereinigtfter rentioned
in eny Prt of this ppendix will be relied upon es
s middothole for both iurposes only the nost leterial ~rticles being nuoted herein
1 The Convention o 4 d_one at The FFgue on the
18th October 1907 concerning the Laws and Customs
of igtr on Lend provides ( inter elie) as follolls
middotcccrding tc the views of the high Gonshy
trectinr- irties thes ~rovisio1s the drafting
of which hes been insrired by the desire to
diminish the evils of war so far ts military
requireoents perflit ere intended to serve JS
a gener~l rule of conduct for the bellirerents
in tteir reletions with the inhnbitants
It hes not 10VEVtir been found rossible
et present to concert stiulctions covering ~11
th circumst~nces lict er~e in rrctlce
Cn the other h~ne tts Eigh Contrecting
irtls clmiddotrly de not intcrd tlJ~t unforeseen
cses stculd in Gefult of written qre(llent
be left to the rtitrar) Cinion of milit~ry
- 105 shy
conms nders
r~ntil o nore ccmrilete c0deuro of th6 laws of
-tar clt-n be drmiddotwn up the Hieh Contr~cting
rrties dee~ it expedient to declPre thbullt in
c~ses not covered by the rules bulldopted by then
the inh~ bi t~nts ltncl the belligerents remr in
under the protGction ~nd governunco of the
princi~les of the lw of nr tions derived from
the us~~es ~stbullblished rmon~ civilized peoples
fron th1 1~ws of humnity middot-middotnd frou the diet~ t6~
of the public consci~nco
The RoguLtions sit out in the nn6x to the sric
Convntion 1tich for~s Tirt tler6of der 1 in
Section I witt Belliger6nts rnd risoncrs of middotcrrr in
qection II witt ao~tiliti(s ~na in Section III with
ilitrry middotuthority over the Territory of the Hostile
Stbullte
middotrticle 4 thereof in Section I provides (intsr
[li~) ~s follows
~r isoners of middotmiddotmiddot-r middotre in thEgt ower oI the
hostile Governmaat but not of th~ indivi6u~ls
or corps wlo cmiddot rture theuron middotbull
Convention lo 10 dcJ~ bull t th sr-r~ time nd
)lce concerns 1middotmiddotritime middotr
The _smiddot id Ccnvntions Yere signed bull nd rmiddottified
by er on ceb~lf cf over fcrt nmiddotmiddot tions including
bJ n middot na ebullmiddotcJ- o tho n~tions bringing t_he ch~rges
in this Indictment Eubject to C6rtrin rescrvtions
- 116 shy
not ere Rteri~l nd ttcus bec~ma rrt or evidence
cf the I~ws bull nd ~uetcms of middotmiddotmiddotr
2 Tho rore eonnlc te code of the I -ws of rr conshy
tenpl td by ttc s id Convention is contdncd iu
relmiddottion tc ~risoners of ~r in tho Inter~ tionl
Convention relmiddot ti ve to thc Trebull traent of risonors
of middotmiddotr done bullmiddott r-cnev on th6 27tli July 1929
(hertinrfter cbullllod the Genev Convention~)
lthoulI pmiddot n did not rbull tify thamp s id Convenshy
tion it bocmiddotne bindinr upon her for one or more of
the folobulling recsons
() It ws sipned on tho srid dmiddotte by or on
beh~lf of forty-seven n tions including
J middotmiddot n middot nu ch of the n tions bri~ging
the cr-rres in this Indlctmnt -nd
rrtified bJ over fdrty n~tions -nd thus
becmiddotmc nrrt or evitiLnce of the Lr~s -nd
Customs of r
( b) corm1uniclttion d ted tho 29th J~nur ry
1942 silned by 10GC Shigunori one of
the bullccused middot s For~ign l~nister on boh~lf
of Jp n ~ddresscd to the swiss inister
in Tokyo contr-incd the following stbulltement
middotlthough not bound by the 0onvention
r_1middot tiv to the Trtmiddot tment of ~middotrisoner~
of r middotJrpmiddotbulln will bullply mutmiddot tis
~1ltmiddot ndis the revisions of thmiddot t
Convcnticn to middotmericn prison~rs of
r In cocununicmiddot tion d- tesd on or - bout ths
- 107 shy
JOth January 1942 addressed to the
Argentine middotinister n Tokllo by TOGO
Shigenori one of the accused es Foreign
middotinister on behalf of- Japan it is stated
The Imperial Government has not yet
ratified the Convention of 27th July
1929 regarding the treatment of prisshy
oners of er They are not therefore
subject to the said Conventionmiddot None
the less trey will anply mutatis
mutendis the conditions of ihet Conshy
vention to English (enedien iustrelmiddot
ien end Jew Zeeland prisoners of war
in their power bullmiddotbull1th regard to suppl
of food and clothin~ to prisoners of
war they will consider on condition
of recinrocity national and racial
custous of the prisoners
By the said comr1unications or one of them
Japan acceded to the seid Convention in
accordence 1dth rticle 95 thereof and
the state of war then existin~ gave inmedshy
iate effect to such accession
middot (_c) The said comiunicetions constituted assurshy
ances to the United States of merica the
United Lingdor1 of Great Britain and North~
Irelane Canada ~ustralia ampnd iiew Zealan
to whoee governments the said coumanicetio
were intended to bb end Nere repeuted by
the raspectivemiddot~ecipients thereof adin
each case to ell nations who were at war
- 108 shy
with Japan
Except in the said natters there are no proshy
visions of tte said Geneva Convention to which the
expression mutatis mutandismiddotbull could properly be
applied
J The International Convention for the meliorshy
ation of the londition of the tmiddotounded and S1ck in
~rmies n the ~ield done at Geneva on the 27th July
1929 ( known as and hereinafter called I the Red Crost
Conventionbulll provides (inter alia) as follews
rrticle 26 The Corunenders-in-Chief of bellig
erent armies shall arrange the details for
carrying out the preceding articles as well as
for cases no~ provided for in accordance with
the instructions of their respective Government
and in conformity with the general principles
of the presampnt Convention ~
Japsn was a party to the said Convention
together with over forty other nations which ttus
becane art or evidence of the lavs an~ middotustorns of
ar In the above-mentioned coilllunicrtion deted on
or about the 29th January 1942 Japan stated
Jspon obs1rves strictly the Ganeva Convention
of 27th July 1929 rulstivs to the R~d Cross
as a state sign1tory of that Convtntion
cAommunicetion dated tblgt 13th Februar 1942
l~ shy
signed by TCG0 1 Shigenori one of the accused as
Foreign l-inister on behalf of Jspe_n addressed to
the swiss Jlinlster in okyo contained the_followlng
statement
The Imperial Government TAill apply during the
present war on con~ltlon of reciprocity the
provisions relative totbe treatment of prisonshy
ers of war of the 27th July 1929 to enemy
civilian internees as fer as applicable to
them enc prQvided that labour will not be
imposed u~on-them contrary to their free choic~
The said communlcetion constituted en assurshy
ance to ell the nations et wer with Je~an (who in
fact carried out the provisions of the said Convenshy
tfon es aplice ble to Jaamiddotnese clvi lien internees)
other then tra Republic ef Chine
The above-mentioned assurances were rereated by
the_ Japanese Foreign inistrymiddot on several occasions
as r~cently as tne 26th i-ay 1943
Epound~cbull11ns CF B1E~CrEs shy
All the offences are oreeches of the Laws end
Custolls of er in ec1dition to end es proved in
pert by the several -~rticles of the Conventions end
assurences specifically nentioned
SEClION NJE
Inhumane treatment contrary imiddotn each ease te
Article 4 of the said Anne_x to the said RagJlbull Conven
- 110 shy
tion end the whole of the said Geneva Convention end
to the s~id assurances In addition to the inhumane
treatment alleged in SectionsTwo to Six hereof
inclusive which are incorporated iri this Sacti6n
prisoners or war end civilian internees were murdere~
beaten tortured and otherwise ill-treated and
female prisoners were raped by members of the
Japanese forces
SECTICN TWO bull
Illegal employnent of prisoner of war labour middotcontrary in each case to rticle 6 of the said Annex
to the said Hague Convention end to ~art III of the
said Geneva Convention end to the said assurances
The said emuloyment was illegal in that
(a) prisoners or war were enployed on work
having connection end direct connection
with the operations of war
(b) prisoners of warwere employed on work for
which they ere hysicelly unsmiddot~ited and
on ~1ork which was unhealthy end dangerous
(c) the duration of daily work wee excessiye
end rrisomiddot1ers middot I-ere not allowed rests of
twenty-four middotconsecuti va hours in each week
(d) conmiddotditions of work wer rendered more
arduous ty c1lsclplinery measures
(e) prisoners were kapt end compalled to work
in unhce lthy cliretEgts end dangerous zones
end without sufficient food clothing or
toots
- 111 ~
SCTI CN Tl-R EE
Refusal sne ftbullilure to raintaln prisoners of
wer contrary tomiddot Article 7 of the said Annex to the
said Heeue Convention and ~rticle 4 end Pert III
trticlai 9 - 12 inclusive of the said Geneva Convenshy
tion and to t~amiddot seid assurances
C~ine to differences ~f netionel and reciel
custo~s the food end ~lothing supplied to the
la~enese troops were even when supplied to rrisonerr
of wor belonging to the white races insufficient
to tiointsin them Adequete food end clothing were
not SUP lied either in ecc9rdance with the said
Conv3nt1ons or the said essurences
The structural end sEnitary conGi tion of the
cc~ps end labour detachments f~iled entirely to
COR)ly with the stid ~rticlee and Yltse extremely
bed unhealth~middot end inadequate
Yashilll ent drinking facilities were inEdequete
end bed
S~TICN FCllR
Excessive and illegal punis~ment of risonars
of war contrery tq Article 8 of the said ~nnex to
the said Hague Convention end to rert III Section
V Chapter) of the said Geneva Convention and tc
the said assurances
(o) Prisoners of ~er ~ere killed beaten and
tortured vithout trial or investigetion of
any kind for alleged offences
(b) such uneuthorlzed punlsbments ware inflict
ed for alleged offences wtlch even if
- 112 shy
proved were not under the seid Conventionis
offences et middoten
(cl collective punishments were imposedmiddot for
individual alleged offences
(d) priscners were sentenced to punishment
more severe then imprisonment for thiity
days t9r stteQpting to escape
(el conditions ot the trial ot prisoners did
not conforn to those laid down in the seid
Chapter
(f) conditions ot lllprisonm~nt ot prisoners
sentenced did not conform to those laid
down in the said Chapter bull
sectCTIlt JrIVE
istreetment or the sick end wounded meicsl
personnel end ferale nurses contrary to Articles 3
14 15 end 25 of the seid Geneva Convention end
rticles 1 9 10 end 12 ot the seid Jee Cross Conshy
vention end to the said assurences
(el Officers end soldiers who were wounded or
sick medical personnel chaplains and
~ersonnel of voluntary aid Societies were
not respected or protected but were
murdered ill-treated end neglected
(b) medical personnel chaplains and personnel
er voluntary aid Societies were ~rongfully
retained in ~apenese hende
(cl female nurses were raped L1urdered and
ill-treated
(d) camps did not possess infirmaries and
- 113 shy
seriously sicJt prisoners ena those requirshy
ing illportant surical treatrent were not
edmittea to ~iliiary or civil institutions
qualifieG to treat them
(e) monthly t1edical inspections were not
arranged
(f) sick and wounded prisoners were transferred
elthou~h their reccvery-was prejudiced by
their journeys bull
S-0CTJO SIX
HuniIiation of prisoners of war ampnd especially
officersi contrary to trticle 8 of tha said Annex to
the said Hafue Conveurontion ana Articles 2 J 18 21
22 and 27 of the seid Geneva Convention and to tbe
seic assurances
(a) Prisoners were aeliberctely ~ept ana nade
to work ~n territories occ~riea by Japan
for the purrose ormiddotex~osing them to thb
nsults end curiosity of the inh~bitants
(bl prisoners in Tapen and in occuried tershy
ritories including officers were compelshy
led to orlt on rampnial tasls and exposed to
l)UbUc view
( c) officer ~r isoners vere -clacect rnaer the
control of ron-commissionea cifictrs and
private soldiers end oonp llLd to selute
them sr6 to wort
Refusel or feilure to collect en trensrnit
- 111 shy
informrtion rrerdinf rrisoners (fmiddot war end rGplies
to enquiriGs on tto subject centrer~ to trticle 14
of the seid Annex tc the seid Pague Convention end
to ~rticles 8 eqd 77 of the seid rsneva Ccnvention
and to the sEid assurances
Proper records were not kept nor inforfileshy
tion supplied es requirLd by the said
rrticles and the riost lmpcrtFnt of such
records as vorc kept were delibLrotely
distroyed
S~CIO rmiddotyenJ
Obstructions of the rirhts of the rrotectine
rowers of RLd Cross Socioties of prisonors of war
end of thair reprcs~nt~tives contrary to rticlc 15
of the seid bnncx to t~e s~id Pcfua Convention ana
t~ lticles Jl 42 44 78 Ln~ 86 of the said cneva
Convention end t9 tho said assurances
( o) The rrnrc sntti vcs of tha bullrotectj ng
Power ( Svd tZerlind) viere refused or not
rrsnt(d pmiddotroission to visit camns rnd
access to premises occupiod by prisoners
(b) vhcn suet rornlssion was gr11nttd ttr were
not allowod to hold conversetion with
prisoners without witnesses or ct ell
(c) on such occasions conditions in eo11ps w_r
dcc(ptively pr_pbrod to apbullepoundir btter thin
nor~1~l rnC rrisomrs wrr thrsttoned with
punishment if thy cornrleincd
(d) prisonErs ampnd th~ir rcprasant~tivss weru
not ellowGd to lllku complaints rs to the
- 115 shy
neturv or -their work or otherwhe or to
correspond rreelmiddot with the nilitery eit~iorshy
ities or tle rrotectin owampr
(e) Red CroEs ~ercels end nail were withheld
Erlloyinf ~oison contrary to the _lnternstionsl
Declaration resiiectin7 Asr-hyxistinf (bulleses siened by
( inter elia) Japen Pnc China st The Hague on the 29th
July 1899 and to ~rticle 2J(a) or the said Annex
to the said Es~ue Convention ane to ftrticle 171 of
the Tremiddotety otmiddotVerseilles
In the w~r~ of Japan ereinst the bullbullerublic
of Cline poison gas was lSed- Ttiis
elleretion is confined to thetmiddot country
smiddotcrr0r~ Tirr
illine enemies who tsvn laid down their
arms Qr no longer tevinr 1esns middotf defence had
surrenderec et discretion contrerr to ~rticle 23( t
of ~he sdlt Annex to this soid Eemiddot u~ Convention
Destruction or cneri rogterty without mlliterJ
Justificeticn or necessit~ end rillege contrary to
rticles2J(1d 2~ end 47 of the seid Annex to tbe
said Haguu Conventic-n
Failure to resrcct iani~middot honcur ed rights
ind V iduel lifEJ r-r1vE ti procrtr end rclifOUS
- 116 -middot
convictions and worship middot111 occ11phd territories and
denortation and ensl~vement ot tte inhabitants
thereof contrery to flrticle 46 or th~ said nnnex to
the said llegue Conventionmiddot end to the Laws end Customs
ot er
Large numbers ct the inhabitants ot such
territories were murdered torturto~ raped
End otherwise ill-treated arrested and
interned without Justificationmiddot sent to
reread labour ano tlir property destroyd
or cont1scotcd
SECTIC~ FT~T
E1111111 survivors ot shipsmiddot sunk by neval action
end crews of cspt11rd snirs contrary to rtich 16
ot irefrue Convention rro io ot 1907
Failure to rcsp0ct ~111tary hospital ships
contrary to ftrticle 1 01 the lEFt-mention0d Convenshy
tion and unleltul use of JamiddotJcnce bosPi ti l ships
centrer to trticles 6 ~ne 8 theraor
XTI crbull PTTn
~ttacks and especially ampttecs ~ithout due
wirning ution noutrl ships
- 117 bull
Statement of Individual Responsibility for Crimes Set Cut in the Indictment
The stetenents hereinefter set forth following
the nerle of each individual Defendant constitute
matters unon which the Frosecution will rely inter
elie as establishin~ the individual responsibility
of tbe Defendants It is charged against each of the Defendants
that he usad the po-er and nrestige of the position
which he held end his rersonel influence in such a
manner that he pro~oted and carried out the offences
set out in each Count of this Indictment in which
his name ap~eers
It is charged against each of the Defendants
that during the periods hereinafter set out against
his nnle he was one of those responsible for all the
acts and omissions of the various Governments of
which he bullas a member and of the various civil
military or naval organizations in vhich he held fl
position of autbcrity
It is crargad against each of the nefendants
as sho~n by the nurnb6rs fiven aftisr bis nalle that
he was ~resent at nr ccncurree in tte dacisions
taken at sole of the conferences end cabinet reetings
leld on or about tte follovinf dates in 1941 which
decisions prepared 1or end led to unlawful war on
7th8th Dece~ber 1941
1 25th June 1941 (Liaison)
2 26th June 1941 (liaison)
J 27th Junt 1941 ( L1a1middotsmiddotcn)
- 118 shy
4 28th June 1941 (Liaison)
5 )0th June 1941 (Supreme Yor Council)
6 2nd July 1941 (Imperial)
1 7th August 1941 (Thought Control Council)
s 22nd August 1941 (Cebinet)
9 6th September 1941 (I1rp6r1al)
10 17th October 1941 ( x-Ireniers)
11 26th iovcnber 1941 ( Liaison)
12 29th 1ovember 1941 (x-Prenier s)
1) 1st December 1941 (Imperial)
14 1st Decenber 1941 (Cabinet)
ARAKI
The Defendant ARAYI bet~een 1926 and 1945 was
amonr other ~s1tions held- Chief of General Affe1ri
Department of the ~ffice or Inspector General or
111tarr Training ( 1931) lin1ster of er under
Inukai end Seito (December 19)1 to July 19)4) e
full General (19))) ember or the Supreae Yer
Council ( 19)4 to 19)6) ember or the Cab1nt
Advisory Council on China (19)7) dacetlon dnister
under ronoye soc then under vrv111middot~ (ley 19)8 to
August 19)9) iember or thE Cabinet ~dvisory
Council (1940)
he D6fondent rc1-nmiddot 1 1 between 1928 enl 194S
we s enoni- other pr id t lone t e 1 d - ColllLlander of the
Special Service Section ln 1snchur1s (September
19)1) Peyor of ukdn ( 5pter1ber to Cctobcr 19Jl)
attached to heedlt1ucrters lwentunr Army ( 19)))
- 119
Chiet Adviser to the rortt China autonooous Govarnshy
111ent Colllllnc5er-in-Chlef reienese 5th Jrri Janchurie
(1938 to 1940) Suprene 1middoter Councillor (1940 to
1943) Inepector Qenerel ot 1111tery lvietion (1941)
tull renerel (April 1941) Cmmendemiddotr-in-Chiet
Eestern Army in l11en (1943)_Ciu1Snder ot the 7th
Aree 11r1111 et Slgeriore (1944 to 1945) Inspector
renerel 111tory Trelninl (A~ril 1945)
Conterenoes- s
he )efe1~dent ~middot~~rITI between 1928 and 1945
was erionmiddot other Gsitions held- etteched rmy
Cenerol Steff Cl9JJ) retired fro-n Army (Pebruery
1936) author cf Iecleretons cf E~gtFr OTO iingoro
(1936) re-entered the Army (1937) commended en
rtillerr Pegillent et the Ree cf llnmiddottdn (1937)
in corlland of Jeranese forces which shelled the
ladybird and the -aney (1937) author of a l~rge
number ot books articles in ~lc iragezine Tai ye
Dd tippon en6 oter rublicE tions end ~utlic
speeclef ell advCcting agrress~ ve wEirfere member
of e nu~ber of societies fer the 1nst1get1on of army
control over ~~11tics end furtherance er er~ressiva
~1erfre proroter of e nunber o lets designed tcshy
renove poll ti clans lti oft lcers Ylhoo he did not
consider sufficiently eecreiEve middote frunder of the
T~~~ (194n) elected to the Lcwer rouse of the
fjit 1194)
- 120 shy
The Detendent f beheen 1928 and 1945 was
aronr other CS1 t1ons held- D1v1s 1onal Colllander in
l-encbur1 (1933) Chlet o ~rmy ~v1at1on Department
( 1935) C=ander or tts Taiwan trmy ( 1936 to 1937)
Inapector reneraLet bull111tary Ecucatlon and L1eJ1be~
ot the S1~1rene tar Council ( tugust 1937 l a full
General (Februa~y 1937) Colroander-1n-Ch1et of the
Jltxped1t1onary Force in Central China (February 1938)middot
ember ot the 3uDrez-e bullmiddoter Council ( January 1939l
middot-er llinlster under be ( ugust 1939 to Januery 1940)
Ccmmander-1n-Ch1et ot the ~xped1t1onary Force 1n
Central Chna (Tuly 1940 to 1944) iel6 lershall bullend ember of the JloCrd ot Jarshele aad d1irels
(June 1944) Insgtector General ot 111tery Sducetion
(Novenber 1944)
PIR 1~
he Defendant -1 middot r between middot1928 end 1945
was among ctler nositlons held- Founder ot the
Yokuhonsta end resident frcir 1926 to 1936 Vice
resident ot Jrlvi Coulc11 (1930 to 1936) rresldent
ot r1vy Council (1936 to 1939) rrLe nnister
( January to middotugust 1939) 1-lnister middot1i thout -middotortfollc
under Konoye and tor a time Eome inister and later
V1ce-remier (July 1940 to Cctrber 1941) ie~ber of
~bought Control Council ueust 141) ires1dent
rrivy Cou~cil (1945)
Conferrnces- l234b7612
- 121 shy
The Defendant PIROT between 1928 end 1945 was
eronr ether Oitlons held- mbeesedor to the Union
or2ov1et Socialist Re~ubl1cs (19JO) Foreign
l~in1eter (Septenber 193) to July 1934) under Saito
end F-ro111 July 1934 to 1arch 1936 under Okede Pr1me
Unister and tor a tine Forei11n i-anitter concurrentli
Wsrch 19)6 to February 19J7) Foreign Jinister under
Yonoye (June 1937 toay 19J8) et1ber or tM
Cabinet middotdvisory C1uncll (1940)
Conrerences- 1012
lOliWO
The Derendent rcsrrrc between 1928 end 1945 bullas snonr other rositions h~ld- Chier General middotrrsirs
Puresu of the Finance Derartment ofbull the i-Snchukuo
Government (19J2) Chief or ~enersl middotrrairs in the
P1nsnce Inistry o anchulrno ( 1934) Vice anister
Finampnce in the ~middotencl ukuo ~cv~rnment ( 1936) Chier
renual ffairs uruu in tho ational middotrrampirs crric
or 1middotanchukuo ( December 1936) Chief of roneral
bullrreirs in lanctutuo (July 1938) =resident or the
Ilannnr Peard enc later 1n1ster without gtortfolio
under l~onoye ( July 1940 to rrll 1941) Chiampf
secretary and Iinieter or 3tate under TClC ( Cctcber
16th 1941 tc July 1944) dviser tc Finance inietrj
(December 1944)
Ccnfersncee- 1114
ITGH
The Defendant IT 11middotI botween 1928 end 1945 wes
- 122 shy
among other rositions heldbull full Colonel 1wentung
Jrm (1929) l~jor General i~wentung trny (1932)
Vice CUet of Steff Kwentung ~rllJbull ( 19J4) Coiunender
5th Division in ~hine (arch 1937) Chief of Steff
1wantune rmy (1936 to 1937) attached to Headquarshy
ters General Start (middotay 1937 ar lln1ster under
Yonoye end HI1~1lJ~ tror~ Jule 1938 to -UpoundUSt 1939
and concurrently resident of the Ianchuriari middotrra1rs
~ureau of the Cebinet Chief of Sterr Japanese middotrmy
in Chine (Se~tember 1939) full General (July 1941)
Commender epenese ray in Iarea (July 1941 to
1945) Uunber of ~upreme imiddoter Council (1943) Comshy
Jlllnder 7th middotrea middotrm in ltin~epore (pr11 1945)
Y The Defendant rmiddotvmiddot between 1928 anamiddot1945 was
among other positions held- yhiet Secretary Finance
Uinietry (1934) mnister of igtinence t June 1937 to
ray 1938) under Konoye on the middotdvieory Ccmmittee
China middottteire lloard (J9J9) resident North China
Developrient Company (19J9 to 1941) P-inence linister
under To-c ( June 1941 to February 1944l Director
IR gtS (1944)
Conferences- 11121314
ICIDO
the Defendant LIDO between 1928 end 1945 wee
among other positions bald- Chief Secretary to the
Lord hampeper of the Priv~ Seal (19JO) Education
Minister under Ionoye ( 1937) Velfare -iinister under
Yonoye (1938) Home Iinieter under hIR PUil 11939)
- 123 shy
Lord Keeper or the Privy Seel (1940middotto 1945) chief
oonfidentiel advisor to the Lmperor and presided et
meetinrs or Ex-rreciers
Conferences- 1012
KU~tR
The Defendant 1I1JR middot between 1928 and 1945 wu
eMon11 other CS1t1ons ~eld- Chief or Starr 1wantung
middotrmy ( 1940) Vice er linister under 1onoye ampnd TCJO
(1941 to lebruer- 1944) lirnber uprece er Council
(194)) Commflder in Chief Japanese rmy Burma
(1944) full General (1945)
YCISC
The Defendant KCISO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- Director lilitery
middot ffairs flureeu of tl6 iar linistry (19)0) Vice
War inister und-er Inukai ( 19)2) Chief or etaff
Ywantunr middotmiddotmiddotmy (19)2 to 1934) ColllilBnder Jenampnese
middotrcy Korea_ (19)5 to 19)6) a full General (19)7)
Overseas inister under BI l1 (19)9) end under
ona1 (1940) Governor General 1oree (Iay 1942)
rime l1nlstir ( uly 1914 to pril 194S)
~TSbullTI
The Defendant ~~TstI between 1928 and 1945 was
8llOilF other rosltions heldbull Re)resentetive of the
Japanese ~rmy at the Geneva Conference (19)1) 1lerober
of the upreme iar Council (arch 19))) a full
General (19JJ) a founder of the Greater ~est Asia
Society (19JJ) Commender-in-Chief Japanese forces
- 124 shy
in Centrel Chine (Cctober 1937 to February 1938)
Hember ot the Cabinet dvisory Council (July 1938
to Januari 1940) Adviser to the Asia Pronotion
FeGeration (1940) Aeviser to the rreeter East Asia
Affairs Section or the r~~J (1943) rresident or
the Creater East Asia Davelopient ~ociety (1944)
lllSTCYA
The Defendant middotrSTTCJAbetween 1928 end 1945
was erJOlF other Ositions held- cier Delegate to
the League or etions ~ssembly ( 1933) ~resident ot
the 1-outh lPnorurien =teilwer (19J5 to 1939) Hember
or the c~binet bulldvisory Council (1940) Foreign
linister middot under onoye ( July 1940 to July 1941)
author ot ~show Restcretion (1938) end other books
end articles and ~ublic speeches advocating aggresshy
sive warfare
Conferences- 12~346
rn~bull1t
The Defendant INt~ between 1928 end 1945 was
P~ong other ~ositions held- Commander Japanese
rm Korea I1929) Ver iniampter under bullTekatsulci
(l-ril 193_1 to Lecember 1931) 5uprame 1er Councillor
( 1931 to 1934) Coanender-in-Chief Kvantung rmy
( 1934 to 19J6) Governor Cenerl of 1oree ( 1936 to
1942) Jenber or tle rmiddotriv~ Council ( 1942 to 1945)
~resident or the l~liticel tssocietion of Greet
Taren (1945)
- 125 shy
tTO
The Defendant lUTO between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held- Instructor et the
ilitsry lttoff College (19)0 to 19)2) Senior Otticer
ot the rilitery ~ttairs Bureau of the Her inistry
(19)5 to 19)6) Chief ot a section ot the General
st111tt ( 1937) attached Headquarters Starr Central
China bullrmy (1Lgust 19)7) Colonel attached to
1wantung bullrmy Headquarters Ctlet ot the llilitsry
ftairs Eureau ( October 19)9 to pril 1942 l
colllllsnded 2nd Guards Division in Sumatra (194))
C~iet ot Steft or the 14th ree middotrmy in the rhilishy
ppines under Gener~l Ycmashite (October 1944)
Conferences- 12346911lJ
The Defendant 1rmiddotcmiddotn0 between 1928 end 1945 was
1mong other J)ositions held- Vice Chief Nevel
General 3teft (1930) Delegate to the Geneve Pavel
Conference ( 1931) Lember Supreme 1er Council ( 19JJ)
full dmirel (1934) Chief Delegate to London Naval
Conference (19)5) Navy 1inister under HIROT~ (Mer ch
1936 to February 19)7) _ Ccmmen~ar-in-Chiet ot
Conbined Fleet (19)7) Hember of Supreme er Council
(1940) Chiet of Navel General Steff (April 1941 to
February 1944) Supreme Yaval Adviser to the iLperor
tram February 1944
Conferences- l2J469lllJ
or~
The Defendant CFA between 1928 enG 1945 was
- 126 shy
BllOne other ~ositions held- on the Vevel Generil
Sterr (1930) section Cbie1 Generel end uilitery
Atteirs Pureau of tbe bullavy (1938) Cbie1 General
and llltery ftelrs Bureaux ot the lmiddotavy_ (October
1940 to August 1944) Vice Adlral ( 1942) Vice
Navy Hinster (20 July 1944) under 1crso Commandershy
1n-Cbie1 Ch1nka1- (Korea) tavel Stetlon (Septeriber
1944 to June 1945)
Conferences- 1234691113
The Defendant OKAVA between 1928 and 1945 was
eflong otner rositlons held- Director GeMtral of
the iest ~sis Research nstitute of the South
lenct-urien 1e1lwe rroll 1926 en orcsnizer of tte
ukden Incicent (Se-ptember 18th 1931) author of
t temiddotSnese Fistory Reeder (1935) enci 01 books
articles encl sreEeches advocatine aggressive war tormiddot
the expulsicn by force ot the wtit~ races from Asiamiddot
OSHD~
middotThe Jefendent C~~IM_ between 1928 end 194i 11es
llllong other rostlons held - ~llltery ttache in
Berlin (1936) tllbassedor tc ~ermeny (October 1938
to Octobe~ 1939) and egeln fron February 1941 to
rrril 1945
S 1TC
The Defendant SC b~tveen 1928 and 1945 was
among other Csitions held- Instructor rny Gonerel
Steff Colloga (1935) sttecbed to the ilitery middot-L middot
- 127 shy
bulltta1rs Bureau ot thfl Har ~1n1str~ enler or the
lenn1ng Poard (1937 to 19)8) Chief ot the 1111 tery
tta1rs Section ot the i111tery middottte1rs Auresu ot
themiddotrer r1n1stry (Februer3 1941 to middotpril 1942)
ISJor G6nerel (October 1941) Chiflt ot ilitary
tta1rs Pureau ot the tmiddoter 1n1stry ( pr11 1942 to
December 1944) Lieutenant Genpoundral (arch 1945)
the Defendant FGllITSU batveen 1928 and 1945
WEIS oiong other positions 1eld - l1nistEr to China
(1931) Vice lorolcn lnister under Saito and Cikede
(1933 to 19)6) cbessador to the Tnion ot 3ov1et
Socialist Relulillcs Wovemb6r 1936 to Nov61ilb6r 1938)
middotibessftor to t-re6t Britain ( 1938 to June 1941)
middotrebassedor to the 1-Tanltinr i_lrgtPet JovernnLnt (Decmb3r
1941 to Jril 1943) Foreitn inister under_ TOlO
( bullyr11 194) to July 1944) and Fordgn rinister and
concurrently linister for Greiter est sia under
KCI~O (July 1944 to hril 1945)
SHIWDA
The Detendent SRilJDA betveen 1928 nd 1945
was ar1ong other positions talC- Chier ot 5tatt
Combined Fleet (1930) Vice CMet revel General
Steft ( 1935 to 1937) Comlander of the econd Fleetmiddot
(December 19)7) COIJll8nder Chine Fleet (ay 1940)
full Admiral (1940) -ev_y inister under TClC (Cctoshy
ber 1941) appointed tc Su~reme middotmiddoter Cc=c1l (1944)
Chiet ot ravel General 3teft (February to July 1944)
Conferences- 12i314
bull 128 shy
SHIRATOR
The Defendant $IRAT0RI between 1928 and 1945
was eeong other positions held- Chief or Intorlll8shy
tion Bureau or the loreien Office ( 1930 h ~inister
to sweden orwar Denmark Finland (1936) Ambasbull
aador to Italy (1939) Adviser Japanese Foreign
Office (1940) author of an article in Conte~porary
Japan po1nt1ni_r out the necessity of a World Conflict
to establishmiddotthe llew Order in Asia (hpr11 le
1941) Director IR~Ps (1943)
suzmr
The Defendant SUZ~IYI between-1928 end 1945 was
among other middotpositions held- Lember of the middot111 tery
ffsirs Section or the War Iinistry middot(19Jl) attached
to the Bureau or ~litary ffairs of the ~er Departshy
ment (19J3) Official ot the Investigation Bureau
or the Cabinet (193S) Regimental Col11118nder of the
14th Regiment (1936) Chiefmiddot or the Political Affairs
Division or the Chine ~fairs Poard (December 19J8
to lpril 1941) actill8 Director General thereof
in 1940 middotrreeid~nt ot the Cabinet Planning Board
end Iinieter without orttolio (pr11 1941 to
Cctober 1943) under Konoye and T0ir Cabinet dviser
(Noveriber 1943 to Se~tember 1944) Director or the
IR 1bullbull t (1944)
Conrerances- 689111314
TOGO
The Defendant TOGO between 1928 end 1945 was
among other positions held- i~beesedor to (eroany
bull 129
(October 1937) Ambassador to tlll Obion ot Soviet
Socialist Republics (October 1938) Foreign Minister
and Minister for overseas Affairs under TOJO (October
1941 to )larch 1942) Foreign Xinist er and Kini st er
or Greater East Asia WJier SUZUKI (April 1945)
Conterences1- 11121314
TOJ01
The Detendlllt TOJO betireen 1928 ani 1945 was
among Other pos1tions held- Head ot the First
Section or the General Start (1931 to 1932) Chiet
or the Investigation Section or the Am7 Communica-
tions School (1932) Col11111ll1der or the Xilitar7
Police or the Kwantung Ann7 (1935) Chief or Starr
Kwantung Arrrrr (1937) Vice War Minister under
Konoye (Xay to Decenber 1938) Director General or
111litary Aviation (1938 to 1939) far llinb ter umer
Konoye (Julr 1940 to Decelligter 1941) tull General
(October 1940) Prime Ministerand war Minister
concurrentlr (December 2 1941 to Julr 1944) shy
during which period he was also at tirnea Rome
K1n1ster Minister or Jlunitlona and Chier or
General Starr
Conterences1bulll23456S9ll121314
UKEZUI
The Defendant UIIEZU between 1928 and 1945 was
among other positions held1- Chier or the General
Affairs Depart~~t ot thll War K1n1strr (1931)
Commander of the Japanese Forces 1n China (1934)
Vice war J1n1ster under HIROT Barash and Xonore
(Karch 1936 to Mar 1938) Comnanter of the Kwan tung
Armr and Ambassador to Manchukuo (1939 to 1944)
tull General (1940) Chief or General start (Jul7
1944 to 1945)
bullbull 11011bull 150 shy
- ANNEXES
-
- TABLE OF CONTENTS
-
- A-1 THE POTSDAM DECLARATION
- A-1-a JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-b REPLY BY SECRETARY OF STATE TO JAPANESE QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE
- A-1-c FINAL JAPANESE ACCEPTANCE
- A-2 INSTRUMENT OF SURRENDER
- A-3 MOSCOW CONFERENCE AGREEMET
- A-4 SPECIAL PROCLAMATION ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-5 CHARTER OF THE INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL FOR THE FAR EAST
- A-6 INDICTMENT
-
- GROUP ONE CRIMES AGAINST PEACE
-
- Count 1
- Count 2
- Count 3
- Count 4
- Count 5
- Count 6
- Count 7
- Count 8
- Count 9
- Count 10
- Count 11
- Count 12
- Count 13
- Count 14
- Count 15
- Count 16
- Count 17
- Count 18
- Count 19
- Count 20
- Count 21
- Count 22
- Count 23
- Count 24
- Count 25
- Count 26
- Count 27
- Count 28
- Count 29
- Count 30
- Count 31
- Count 32
- Count 33
- Count 34
- Count 35
- Count 36
-
- GROUP TWO MURDER
-
- Count 37
- Count 38
- Count 39
- Count 40
- Count 41
- Count 42
- Count 43
- Count 44
- Count 45
- Count 46
- Count 47
- Count 48
- Count 49
- Count 50
- Count 51
- Count 52
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- GROUP THREE CONVENTIONAL WAR CRIMES AND CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY
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- Count 53
- Count 54
- Count 55
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- APPENDICES
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- APPENDIX A SUMMARIZED PARTICULARS
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- SECTION 1 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN MANCHURIA
- SECTION 2 MILITARY AGGRESSION IN THE REST OF CHINA
- SECTION 3 ECONOMIC AGGRESSION IN CHINA AND GREATER EAST ASIA
- SECTION 4 METHODS OF CORRUPTION AND COERCION IN CHINA AND OTHER OCCUPIED TERRITORIES
- SECTION 5 GENERAL PREPARATION FOR WAR
- SECTION 6 THE ORGANIZATION OF JAPANESE POLITICS AND PUBLIC OPINION FOR WAR
- SECTION 7 COLLABORATION BETWEEN JAPAN GERMANY AND ITALY AGGRESSION AGAINST FRENCH INDO-CHINA AND THAILAND
- SECTION 8 AGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVIET UNION
- SECTION 9 JAPAN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA THE COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILLIPPINES AND THE BRITISH COMMONWEALTH OF NATIONS
- SECTION 10 JAPAN THE KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS AND THE REPUBLIC OF PORTUGAL
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- APPENDIX B LIST OF ARTICLES OF TREATIES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUO ONE AND TWO
- APPENDIX C LIST OF OFFICIAL ASSURANCES VIOLATED BY JAPAN AND INCORPORATED IN GROUP ONE
- APPENDIX D INCORPORATED IN GROUP THREE
- APPENDIX E STATEMENT OF INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR CRIMES SET OUT IN THE INDICTMENT
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