Annexation of Hawaii
description
Transcript of Annexation of Hawaii
ANNEXATION OF HAWAII1893-1898
Hawaiian-American Relationship
Christianity Standardize Alphabet Bibles written in
Hawaiian Advancement of
Agriculture and Business
Monogamy Ban of Alcohol Ban of Gambling
Ports for Whalers Sugar Plantations Naval Base Economic growth for
Hawaiians and Americans
What American Brought Hawaiian Contributions
The Tables Turn•King Kalakaua died•Liliuokalani took the thrown•Queen Liliuokalani husbands died•Weakens ties with United States•Installment of anti-American Constitution•Revolution breaks outs
Queen Liliuokalani September 2, 1838 - November 11, 1917
The Revolution Tour of U.S.S. Boston Queen call of military
and police forces Minister Steven demand
for marines and navy Committee of Public
Safety (COPS) forms Queen states she could
make new Constitution to the people’s desires
Minister John L. Steven
The Revolution Cont. . . Head of COPS
resigned and navy sent home
Queen dismissed military but not police
Minister Stevens called for navy again
Riots put down Provisional
Government set up
Queen forces surrendered
Stanford B. Dole declared President
Stanford B. Dole was declared the President of Hawaii
Request for Annexation Minister Stevens asked
for annexation President Harrison
begins to draft Queen sent Paul
Neumann to Washington in protest
President Harrison recognized the de facto government
Britain refused to recognize the de facto government
Sent British warship to Hawaii’s harbor
Hawaii’s public land under defense
Secretary of State John W. Foster held seven private conferences
Negotiations of the Treaty
Sugar bounty Oceanic cable Laws and contract
system Chinese immigration
Issues
Secretary of State John W. Foster was the head of negotiations.
Submittal of the Treaty
On 14, January, 1893, treaty submitted to the Senate
No serious opposition
Brought letter of appeal Took advantage of sugar industry Interfered with continental expansion Interfered with other nations’ affairs.
Paul Neumann Arrived
Withdrawal of the Treaty
Jealousy International
morality Involvement in the
Revolution
On 9, March, 1893 President Cleveland withdrew treaty.
Reasons
President Grover Cleveland
Investigation of the Revolution
United States takeover dishonorable
Moral, racial, historical, strategic, and commercial, interference
Queen will never accept crown back under President Cleveland’s conditions
James H. Blount was sent to Hawaii to investigate the Revolution.
Results
President Cleveland’s Opposition Would not resubmit
treaty Keep image of
enlightened country Introduce restoration
policy Sherman Silver
Purchase Act more important
“Our country was in danger of occupying the position of having actually set up a temporary government on foreign soil for the purpose of acquiring through that agency territory which we had wrongfully put in its possession”
-President ClevelandSpeech to Senate18, December, 1893
Queen Liliuokalani’s Restoration Would not accept
President Cleveland’s conditions for restoration
No pardon to revolutionists
Jailed on 16, January 1895
Next day British citizen attempt to free Liliuokalani
Provisional Government protect against attempt to reestablish monarchy
24, January, 1895, Queen Liliuokalani abdicates her thrown
Denounce heirs Found guilty of treason
Threats from Japan Frustrated with
Hawaiian immigration laws
Hawaii reduced Japanese immigration quota
Hawaii relied on United States for protection
Sent two warships Annexationist William McKinley became President in 1897
Joint Resolution President McKinley
drew up treaty Japan wanted to
included in negotiations President Dole had to
settle Japan went to Imperial
Court United States
annexation of Hawaii is illegal according to the Constitution
Assistant Secretary of the Navy, Theodore Roosevelt asked President McKinley for annexation
More TroublesCuban Situation of 1897 Annexationists Fight
Preoccupied Senates attention
War with Spain Pocket Emptier Hawaii huge investment Violation of the
Constitution
Naval port, Pearl Harbor Protection from Spain Supplies needed for war Protection from future
enemies Sugar plantations
Newlands Joint Resolution On 4, May, 1898, Francis
G. Newlands submits Allow United States to
annex any land with joint resolution
On 15, June, House of Representatives passes
On 6, July, Senate passes
On 7, July President McKinley signed annexation measure Francis G. Newlands of Nevada
12, August, 1898Hawaii officially became a territory on
And the fiftieth state on
21, August, 1959
Conclusion