CURRICULUM

OF

Peace & Conflict Studies

Under Graduate and Post-Graduate Studies

HIGHER EDUCATION COMMISSIONISLAMABAD – PAKISTAN

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CURRICULUM DIVISION, HEC

Prof. Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed ChairmanMr. Fida Hussain Director General (Acad)Ms.Ghayur Fatima Director (Curr)Mr. Muhammad Arif Deputy Director (Curr)Mr. Rizwan Shoukat Deputy Director (Curr)Mr. Abid Wahab Assistant Director (Curr)Mr. Riaz-ul-Haque Assistant Director (Curr)

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CONTENTS

1. Introduction…………………………………………………………6

2. Standardized format / Scheme of studies forfour-year curricula for BS program…………………………….. 11

3. Layout for BS curriculum……………………..………………….12

4. Semester wise courses for BS-4 years programme ...……….18

5. Details of courses…………………………………………………20

6. Scheme of studies-MS (research) two year…………………... 71

7. Details of courses…………………………………………………72

8. Recommendations………………………………………………..95

9. Annexures A – F …………………………………………….……96

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PREFACE

The curriculum, with varying definitions, is a plan of the teaching-learning process that students of an academic programme are required to undergo. It includes objectives and learning outcomes, course contents, scheme of studies, teaching methodologies and methods of assessment of learning. Knowledge in all academic disciplines is expanding and even new disciplines are also emerging, it is imperative that curriculum are developed and revised regularly.

University Grants Commission (UGC) was designated as the competent authority to develop, review and revise curricula beyond Class-XII vide Section 3, Sub-Section 2 (ii), Act of Parliament No. X of 1976 titled “Supervision of Curricula and Textbooks and Maintenance of Standard of Education”. With the repeal of UGC Act, the same function was assigned to the Higher Education Commission (HEC) under its Ordinance of 2002, Section 10, Sub-Section 1 (v).

In compliance with the provisions, the Curriculum Division of HEC undertakes the revision of curricula after every three years through respective National Curriculum Revision Committees (NCRCs) which consist of eminent professors and researchers of relevant fields from public and private sector universities, R&D organizations, councils, industry and civil society nominated by their organizations.

In order to impart education at par with quality international standards, HEC NCRCs have developed unified templates as guidelines for the development and revision of curricula in the disciplines of Basic Sciences, Applied Sciences, Social Sciences, Agriculture and Engineering in 2007 and 2009.

It is hoped that this curriculum document, prepared by the respective NCRC’s, would serve the purpose of meeting our national, social and economic needs, and it would also provide the level of competency specified in Pakistan Qualification Framework to make it compatible with international educational standards. The curriculum is also placed on the website of HEC (www.hec.gov.pk).

(Fida Hussain)

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Director General (Academics)CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

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STAGE-I STAGE-II STAGE-III STAGE-IV

CURRI. UNDER CONSIDERATION

CURRI. IN DRAFT STAGE FINAL STAGE

FOLLOW UP STUDY

COLLECTION OF REC

APPRAISAL OF 1ST DRAFT BY EXP. OF

COL./UNIVPREP. OF FINAL

CURRI.QUESTIONNAIRE

CONS. OF CRC. FINALIZATION OF DRAFT BY CRC

INCORPORATION OF REC. OF V.C.C.

COMMENTS

PREP. OF DRAFT BY CRC

APPROVAL OF CURRI. BY V.C.C.

PRINTING OF CURRI.

REVIEW

IMPLE. OF CURRI. BACK TO STAGE-I

ORIENTATION COURSES

Abbreviations Used:

CRC. Curriculum Revision Committee

VCC. Vice Chancellor’s Committee

EXP. Experts

COL. Colleges

UNI. Universities

PREP. Preparation

REC. Recommendations

1. INTRODUCTIONAcademic Program offered at undergraduate and post graduate level in Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS) are envisioned to bring Peace into the society by incorporating alternative conflict resolution mechanisms as a specialized curriculum and research area in the existing academic programs offered under Higher Education Commission throughout Pakistan. The Concept of Peace and Conflict Studies as a specialized area is not new but has emerged in recent past as an important field of studies across the globe especially after the end of cold war. There are two streams of study in Peace & Conflict Studies, one, that focus on security paradigm and the other with Development and Human Rights to peace and resolve or deter conflicts. The aim of the academic program in both paradigms is to produce Innovative Researches and offer academic training at the under-graduate and post-graduate levels.

Peace and Conflict Studies aims to attract and develop those groups of students who wish to deepen their understandings of the processes involved in conflicts and are interested in sharpening their knowledge of how to manage conflicts constructively. It offers the conjectural foundations that emboss the essential social psychological routes involved in understanding and managing conflicts at all levels: interpersonal, intergroup, organizational, and international.

1.1 VisionDedicated to creation of adequately resourced pool of professionals as champions of peace to help prevent & resolve conflicts, promote stability, augment conflict management capacity & supplement intellectual capital in the region.

1.2 MissionPCS is a model of academic programing equipped with excellent human resources and competence in the field of peace and conflict studies coupled with the requisite resources and modern technology directed at transforming our rich cultural heritage into a knowledge base for future programing and national development. Peace and Conflict Studies so developed becomes major forum for research and trainings in Pakistan for mid-career professionals and young graduates with focus on Peace Building, Peace Making, Social Cohesion enriched with the appropriate skills to address conflicts by peaceful means. The academic programs shall be of Four levels including:-

Under-Graduate Program- Degree in Peace and Conflict Studies (BS-4 years in Peace and Conflict Studies).

Post Graduate Program- MS Degree in Peace and Conflict Studies

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(2 years including Research). Post Graduate Program - PhD Degree in Peace and Conflict

Studies (Research based) Post-Graduate Program- Diploma and Certificates in Peace and

Conflict Studies- for Professionals & Practitioners with varying target groups across Pakistan and according to the respective universities approved courses available.

1.3 ObjectivesThe main purpose of the Program in Peace & Conflict Studies is to prepare graduates having deep knowledge of the concepts of Conflict and Peace as well as ability to analyze any given situation and draw out conclusions in the prevailing local, regional and global scenarios and ideologies that govern/behind them.

The program has the following features;

To understand ways, means, processes, modalities and approaches for peaceful settlement of disputes

To encourage critical thinking about the theories, approaches of peace and conflict to contribute towards the fulfillment of national needs

To introduce peace studies as a major subject in the academic world in view of the emerging requirements of situations in and around Pakistan and the region

To promote understanding about peace by creating base of professional graduates in the discipline

To create a forum and institutional base to debate and dialogue causes of conflict for peaceful settlement

To produce graduates having broader view of other disciplines in Social Sciences enabling them with other branches of knowledge to strengthen their understanding of the society.

To empower the graduates to establish and develop a viable and forceful link between the theory and practice related to Peace and Conflict Studies.

1.5 SUGGESTIONSThe Committee made some suggestions for the promotion of program in peace and conflict studies in public sector universities of Pakistan.

1. To Create a subject specialization directory be established at HEC level and association of Peace and Conflict Studies be facilitated

2. This is to be acknowledged as area of specialization by Federal as well as all provincial Public

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Services Commissions and strongly recommended for incorporation of Peace and Conflict Studies of at least 100 marks in central examinations for competitive services.

3. There shall be a special grant of at least Two million as library grant for each university offering program in Peace in Conflict Studies.

4. Peace & Conflict Studies is a research driven contemporary issue, therefore, a minimum grant be allocated for research in each university at the respective Peace and Conflict Studies departments.

5. There must be specialized trainings for faculty of peace and conflict studies in country and abroad.

1.6 Entry RequirementsFor admission at BS level in Peace and Conflict Studies admission be open to all entrants having FA/FSc or twelve years of education.For admission at MS level priority shall be given in order mentioned below

1. BS in Peace and Conflict Studies

2. Having 16 years of education in the subjects of International Relations, Political Science, Sociology, Defense and Strategic Studies, History, Pak Studies, Law, Diplomatic Studies, Anthropology, Psychology, Criminology, Public Policy, Gender Studies, Social Work, Islamic Studies, Journalism and Mass Communication, Public Health and Business Administration and Computer science with specialized area of Cyber Crimes

3. For other disciplines only professionals having minimum 3 years of experience in relevant field of peace and conflict studies having 9-12 credit hours studied of Peace and Conflict studies as foundation courses before joining MS Program. The same could be offered for the scholars enrolled in the program as pre-condition for approval of admission.

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National Curriculum Revision Committee 2015 Members

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S. No Name & Address1. Prof. Ishtiaq Ahmad Choudhry, PhD

HoD, Peace & Conflict Studies, National Defence University, Islamabad

Convener

2. Dr. Jamil Ahmad ChitraliDirector, Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies,University of Peshawar. Peshawar

Secretary

3. Prof. Adnan Sarwar Khan, PhDDean, Faculty of Social Sciences,University of Peshawar, Peshawar

Member

4. Prof. Razia Musarrat, PhDChairperson, Department of Political Science, Islamia University Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur

Member

5. Prof. Amir Ahmed Khuhro, PhDDirector, Institute of International RelationsShah Abdul Latif University Khairpur, Khairpur

Member

6. Dr. Zulfiqar Ali Qureshi, PhDHoD of International Relations, Preston University, Islamabad Campus

Member

7. Dr. Mussarat JabeenAssociate Professor,Department of IR and Political ScienceUniversity of Sargodha, Sargodha

Member

8. Dr. Mughees AhmedChairman, Department of Political Science and IRGovernment College University, Faisalabad

Member

9. Dr. Tughral YaminAssociate DeanCenter of International Peace and Stability (CIPS)National University of Science & Technology (NUST), Islamabad

Member

10. Dr. Mumtaz Zia Associate ProfessorCenter of International Peace and Stability (CIPS)National University of Science & Technology (NUST), Islamabad

Member

11. Mr. Ashfaq Ahmad MalikAssistant ProfessorDepartment of Peace & Conflict StudiesNational University of Modern Languages (NUML), Islamabad

Member

12. Ms. Ghayyur FatimaDirector, Curriculum WingHigher Education Commission, Islamabad

Coordinator

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STANDARDIZED FORMAT / SCHEME OF STUDIES FOR FOUR-YEAR CURRICULA FOR BS PROGRAM

STRUCTURE

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Sr. N Categories No. of courses

Min – Max

Credit Hours

Min – Max1. Compulsory Requirement

(No Choice)9 – 9 25 – 25

2. General Courses to be chosen from other departments

7 – 8 21 – 24

3. Discipline Specific Foundation Courses

9 – 10 30 – 33

4. Major Courses including research project / Internship in concerned departments

11 – 13 36 – 42

5. Electives within the Majors 4 – 4 12 – 12

Total 40 – 44 124 – 136

Total numbers of Credit hours 124-136 Duration 4 years Semester duration 16-18 weeks Semesters 8 Course Load per Semester 15-18 Cr hr Number of courses per semester 4-6

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Layout for BS Curriculum

COMPULSARY (the student has no choice)

GENERAL (to be chosen from other departments)

FOUNDATION

(Discipline Specific)

MAJOR(including Research work / Field Work)

Elective within Major

9 courses 8 courses 10 courses 11-13 courses 4 courses

25 Credit hours 24 Credit hours 30 Credit hours 36-42 Credit hours 12 Credit hours

Subject Cr. Hr

Subject Cr. Hr

Subject Cr. Hr

Cr. Hr

Cr. Hr

1. English – I (comprehension & composition)

2. English – II (report writing & presentation skill)

3. English III4. English IV/University

Optional5. Pakistan Studies6. Islamic Studies/

Ethics7. Mathematics I8. Mathematics

II/University Optional9. Introduction to

Computer

3

3

33

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33

1. Introduction to Geography

2. Introduction to Sociology

3. Introduction to Pol. Science

4. Introduction to Psychology

5. Introduction to Economics

6. Introduction to I. R7. Introduction to

Gender Studies8. Fundamental of

Management

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

1. Introduction to Peace and Conflict Studies

2. Concepts of Peace and Conflict

3. Socio-Cultural Dimensions of Conflicts in Pakistan

4. Concepts of Peace Building

5. Alternative Dispute Resolutions

6. Theories of Peace and Conflict

7. Conflict Analysis8. Non-Violent

Movements of the World

9. Religions and

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

1. State and Human Security

2. Traditional and Non-Traditional Security Paradigm

3. Contemporary Global Conflicts

4. Global Perspective on Peace Building

5. Conflicts and Cooperation in South Asia

6. Research Methodology

7. International Law

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

1. Youth Development/Welfare

2. International and Regional Organizations in Peace Keeping

3. Peace Leadership of contemporary World and Nobel Peace Laureates

4. Social Policy and Planning

5. Research Report/ Dissertation

6. Political Tolerance7. History of Peace

Movements8. Reconstructing the Term

Conflict9. Peace Building in

Practice10.

Introduction to SAARC Forum

3

3

3

3

3

13

Militancy10. Insurgency and

Terrorism

8. Human Rights and Humanitarian Law

9. Global Power Politics and Peace

10. Gender, Peace and Security

11. Peace Leadership in South Asia

12. Research Projects and Internship

3

3

3

3

6

11.

Crime and Justice12.Dispute Settlement Mechanisms amongst the Pakhtun Ethnic Group

13.Anglo-Russian Treaties and Contemporary Border Issues of Pakistan

14.Pakhtun Nationalism and Pakhtun Islamization Pak-Afghan Region

15.Conflict Management and Local Administration in Pakhtun Region

16.Human Growth and Behavior

17.Interpersonal and intergroup processes

18.Research methodology of Peace and Conflict Studies

19.Welfare syste of Islam

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and Cotemporary Studies of PCS

Total Credit Hours: 130

* University has the option to recommend any other General and Elective courses.

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1. UNDER GRADUATE DEGREE IN PEACE AND CONFLICT STUDIES

Title BS Honor in Peace and Conflict Studies

Total Number of Credit Hours 124-136

Duration 04 Years

Semester Duration 16-18 Weeks

Semesters 08

Course Load per Semester 15-18 Cr hr

Course Code PCS (Peace & Conflict

Studies) i.e. PCS-311

Number of Courses per semester 4-6 (not more than 3 lab/practical courses)

Research Report/Dissertation/Internship 06 Credit hours Research on contemporary issues/internship as peace builder in any relevant organization of 12 days of hours per day or 24 days of 4 hours per day (equal to 3 credit hours two courses each course of 16 weeks).

Course Design One foundation discipline specific course to be offered in each Semester up to 4 semesters beside 3 compulsory/core subjects and one related/general subject. Semester 5 and 6 shall have two foundation and 3 major courses each. Semester 7 and 8 consist of two major, two elective and a course/research/internship in both semesters.

Exposure Visits Total 04 annual exposure/ Research visits/Field Visit to

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be arranged each not more than a week.

Seminar / Dialogue 01 Class Seminar/Dialogue per course in a semester

Sports and Science Competitions On various occasions and festivals events are to be arranged to encourage students for healthy competition and learning through experience.

Attendance Minimum 70% to be eligible for Exam

Target Participants Entry to the program is at F.A/FSC level or students having 12 years of education completed.

Nature of Program This is to be credited as 124-136 Credit hours Under-graduate Degree granted after completion of 16 years of Education. The credits can be transferred to other BS and MA Programs in semester system at any University of Pakistan or other affiliated institutions recognized by HEC or if international university having MoU for the purpose with HEC, only if similar courses are repeated in those programs.

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2.1 SCHEME OF STUDIES-BS IN PEACE AND CONFLICT STUDIES (4 YEARS)

Semester Courses Credit Hours1st PCS-311 to PCS-316 172nd PCS-321 to PCS-326 173rd PCS-431 to PCS-436 184th PCS-441 to PCS-446 185th PCS-551 to PCS-555 156th PCS-561 to PCS-565 157th PCS-671 to PCS-675 158th PCS-681 to 685 15

Total 130THES-689Project/Internship/Research Report* 06

Total 130

* Optional as replacement for internship and project.

University has the option to recommend any other course in lieu of English IV

University may recommend any other course in lieu of Mathematics II

4 Cr Hr Course if any must include LAB/Practical

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2.2 SEMESTER WISE COURSES FOR BS-4YEARS PROGRAMME IN PEACE AND CONFLICT STUDIES

Semester Course Code

Name of Subject Credits Hours

First

PCS-311 English-1 (Basic Skills) 03PCS-312 Islamic Studies 02PCS-313 Statistics 03GPH-31X General-1 03SOC-31X General-2 03PCS-314 Introduction to Peace and

Conflict Studies03

Second

PCS-321 English-II (Composition) 03PCS-322 Pakistan Studies 02PCS-323 Mathematics 03POL-32X General-3 03PSY-32X General-4 03PCS-324 Concepts of Peace and Conflict 03

Third

PCS-431 English-III 03PCS-432 Computer Application (Basics) 03ECO-43X General-5 03IR-43X General-6 03PCS-433 Socio-Cultural Dimensions of

Conflicts in Pakistan03

PCS-431 Concepts of Peace Building 03

Fourth

PCS-442 English-IV/University Optional 03GSD-44X General-7 03PCS-443 General-8 03PCS-444 Contemporary Socio-Political

Conflicts in Pakistan03

PCS-445 Theories of Peace and Conflict 03

Fifth

PCS-551 State and Human Security 03PCS-552 Traditional and Non-Traditional

Security Paradigms03

PCS-553 Contemporary Global Conflicts 03PCS-554 Global Perspective on Peace

Building03

PCS-555 Conflict Analysis 03PCS-556 Non Violent Movements of the

World03

SixthPCS-561 Conflicts and Cooperation in

South Asian Region03

PCS-562 Research Methodology 03

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PCS-563 International Law 03

PCS-564 Religions and Militancy 03PCS-565 Insurgency and Terrorism 03

Seventh

PCS-671 Human Rights and Humanitarian Law

03

PCS-672 Global Power Politics and Peace 03PCS-673 Youth Development/Welfare 03PCS-674 International and Regional

Organizations in Peace Keeping03

PCS-675 Research Projects and Internship

03

Eight

PCS-681 Research Projects and Internship

03

PCS-682 Gender, Peace and Security 03PCS-683 Peace Leadership in South Asia 03PCS-684 Ethnic Conflicts: Perspectives

and Challenges03

PCS-685 Social Policy and Planning 03THES-689

Research Report/ Dissertation 06

130

The Students shall have to opt either for research project, internship or dissertation. Each of these shall be of 6 credit hours, spread over the last two semesters.

Course Outlines and Contents

PCS-314 Introduction to Peace and Conflict Studies Cr.Hr: 03The course is introductory in nature. This course takes a bird eye view towards peace and conflict studies. It introduces students to the basic

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concepts surrounding the onset of conflict, the historical onset of the field and the various cases it involves. This is designed to relate the participants with global academic community and to trace the history of the discipline in modern world.

Objectives To prepare students about the history of the discipline To prepare the students to take a position on the role of PCS

graduate To enable the participants to opinionate on the role of the discipline

in Peace Building To enable the learners to understand the issues of research in the

Peace and Conflict Studies

Course Contents:1. Introduction to the Course 2. Peace Studies: Introduction and Development of the Discipline3. Peace: Concepts and Types4. Peace Paradigms: Classic Realism, Realism, Neo Realism,

Liberalism, Neo Liberalism, Constructivism5. Religion and Peace 5. Religion and Peace 6. Culture and Peace (West and East)7. Non-Violence: Theory and Practice8. Peace: Trends and Traditions (Civil Resistance, Democratic

Peace, Non violent ways to struggle etc).9. Future of Peace in world politics

Suggested Readings1. Johan Galtung & Charles P. Webel, Handbook of Peace and

Conflict Studies, Routledge, 20072. Ho-Won Jeong, Peace and Conflict Studies; An Introduction, 2000,

Ashgate Publishing Ltd3. David P. Barash & Charles P. Webel, Peace and Conflict Studies,

Sage Publications, 2002.4. John Balis and Steve Smith, Globalization of World Politics: An

Introduction to International Relations, 2004, 3rd ed, Oxford University Press, Chapter 15 &18

5. Masatsugu Matsuo, Peace and Conflict Studies: A Theoretical Introduction, Keisuisha, Hiroshima, 2005, Chapter 1, pp.1-12

6. David Barash, Introduction to Peace Studies, Belmont, CA: Wadsworth 1991

PCS-324 Concepts of Peace and Conflict Cr.Hr: 03

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The course aims to provide an overview of the conceptual thinking processes behind peace as opposed to conflict situations. It deals with introduction to the conflict situations at different levels. It then explores the social and institutional dimensions of peace and conflict.

Objectives The purpose of the course is to explore the different conceptual

perspectives of peace and conflict. Moreover the aim remains on how to explore the conflict trap.

Student will understand the social dimensions and the institutional contexts that influence peace and conflict settings.

Course Contents1. Introduction to the course2. Conflict: Definitions, orientations and types3. Peace: Definitions, orientations and types4. Peace through lens of theory of International Relations (Realism,

Liberalism, Neo Liberalism)5. Dynamics, instruments and drivers of conflict6. Motivations and objectives of peace 7. Social Enterpreunership and peace8. Economic development and growth and peace

Suggested Readings1. Mats Berdal, ‘Consolidating Peace in the Aftermath of War’, in

Olsen, John Andreas (ed.), On New Wars. Oslo: Norwegian Institute for Defence Studies,. 2007

2. Charles Webel and Johan Galtung, Handbook of Peace and Conflict Studies, London, New York: Routledge, 2009

3. Paul Collier and Sambanis, Nicholas, Understanding Civil War, I–II. The World Bank, Washington DC, 2005

4. Christopher Cramer, Civil War is Not a Stupid Thing, London: Hurst & Co, 2006.

5. Øyvind Østerud, 2008, 'Towards a more peaceful world? A critical view', Conflict, Security & Development, 8: 2, 223 — 240 (link to this Article: DOI: 10.1080/14678800802109673)

PCS-433 Socio-Cultural Dimensions of Conflicts in Pakistan

Cr.Hr: 03

The course is designed to equip the students about the specific characteristics and structure of Pakistani society focusing the dimensions of the conflict. It provides the conceptual definitions of the terms used in social science linguistics. To facilitate the students, the language is made

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easier by providing basic introductory information about various concepts in context of Pakistani society. The course also explores some sociological and anthropological perspectives of Pakistani culture and society.

Objectives To help the students in understanding a society To provide the knowledge of important sociological concepts in

terms of conflicts. To understand the role of various social institutions in context of

conflict To provide information about cultural dimensions of different

conflicts To identify factors that can become causes of conflict

Course Contents1. Definition and description of the society and social system 2. Characteristics of Pakistani Society. 3. Factors which promotes and hinder social development and lead

to conflict.

a. Definition and description of the term "Culture".

b. Various concepts of Culture (sub-culture, ideal culture, real culture, cultural lag, cultural area, etc.)

c. Influence of various cultures on Pakistani Culture and characteristics of Pakistani Culture.

4. Definition of social stratification and role of Social Stratification in creating a conflict

5. The Caste and Class system as cause of conflict 6. Ethnic and Linguistic Conflicts in Pakistan 7. Geo-strategic locations and related problems on borders with

neighboring countries (India and Afghanistan)8. Resources of Conflict: Sectarianism, Illiteracy, Domestic Violence,

Corruption etc.9. Resources for mapping root causes of conflict (e.g., human rights

violations, needs deprivation, cultural and religious differences, inequality, resource misuse and environmental degradation)

Suggested Readings1. J. B. Chitambar, Introductory Rural Sociology. New Delhi: Wiley

Eastern, Ltd. 19902. M. Iqbal Chaudhry, Pakistani Society: (A sociological perspective

and method), Lahore: Aziz Publishers Lahore. 20013. Abdul Hameed Taga, Sociology and Social Problems, Lahore:

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Abdul Hameed Publishers Urdu Bazar. 20004. Simon Fisher, Dekha Ibrahim Abdi, Jawed Ludin, Richard Smith,

Steve Williams, and Sue Williams. Working with Conflict: Skills and Strategies for Action. Zed Books, 2000.

PCS-434 Concepts of Peace Building Cr.Hr: 03

The course offers a theoretical understanding of the peace building. It relates conflict to development and how peace building approaches are practiced in post-conflict and post-war contexts. This course will also provide field-based knowledge on various dimensions of peacekeeping and humanitarian assistance. Students will critically examine the theories and policies to gain a thorough understanding of delivery of effective programming in peacekeeping and humanitarian assistance. Students will also learn from the on-ground experience and knowledge of practitioners on how these theories and policies are put into practice in the field.

Objectives Students will get an orientation towards contemporary peace

building initiatives in conflict affected contexts. In addition they will develop an understanding of the links between conflict and development, conflict resolution and conflict transformation.

It will also provide the student lessons from peace building in contemporary conflict zones.

At the end of the course, the students shall have a deeper understanding and overview of the theory and praxis of peace building operations and humanitarian assistance as well as the ability to analyze any current situation from a gender perspective.

Course Contents 1. Introduction to Peace building2. Models of Peace building3. Peace Building practices in conflict affected contexts.4. Peace building and Conflict resolution5. Peace building and Conflict Transformation6. Post Conflict Rehabilitation7. Local governance in post conflict areas.8. Case studies of peacebuilding in contemporary times.

Suggested Readings1. J Goodhand, , ‘Stabilizing a victor’s peace? Humanitarian action

and reconstruction in eastern Sri Lanka’, Disasters, Vol. 34, 20102. Astri Suhrke and Chaudhary, Torunn Wimpelmann, “Conflict and

Development”, In Paul A. Haslam, Jessica Schafer and Pierre

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Beaudet, eds., Introduction to International Development: Approaches, Actors and Issues Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009

3. Oliver Walton, 'Conflict, peace building and NGO legitimacy: National NGOs in Sri Lanka', Conflict, Security & Development, 8: 1, 133 — 167 (link to this Article: DOI: 10.1080/14678800801977146). 2008

4. Susanna Campbell, David Chandler and Meera Sabarat nam, eds, A Liberal Peace? The Problems and Practices of Peacebuilding, (London: Zed, 2011)

5. Mac Ginty, Roger. International Peacebuilding and Local Resistance: Hybrid Forms of Peace (Basingstoke: Palgrave-MacMillan, 2012)

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PCS-442 Alternative Dispute Resolution Cr.Hr: 03

ADR involves a set of informal, legal and cost efficient procedures to resolve disputes through arbitration, mediation, judicial settlement conferences. It can be said as combination of mediation and arbitration. Both can be applied in sequence and as per requirement. The process involves judicial/legal process but it is less formal and more consensual than is done in the courts. ADR is a non conventional and emerging approach of conflict resolution.

Objectives To make students aware about non formal and non

traditional ways of conflict resolution through conciliation, mediation and other procedures.

To create a debate on ADR as a time test and economical way for the existing burden on judicial system and executives (Prison)

Course Contents 1. Alternative Dispute Resolution: Concepts and Definitions (ADR)2. History/ Evolution of ADR 3. Procedures and approaches under ADR4. Cultural contours of ADR (Jirga, Panchayat)5. Success and failures in ADR approaches6. Case studies of ADR

Suggested Readings1. Dr. Mumtaz Bangash,. “Jirga; Speedy Justice of Elders.” Khyber.

20112. “Between the Jirga and the Judge: Alternative Dispute Resolution

in Southeastern Afghanistan.” The Liaison Office, USIP. www.usip.org/files/file/jirga.

3. Palwasha Kakar, “The Tribal Law of Pashtunwali and Women’s Legislative Authority.” 2011, Harvard Law School.< http://www.law.harvard.edu/programs/ilsp/research/kakar.pdf >.

4. Kashif Saeed Khan, “PakhtunPortraits: Questioning Mainstream Discourses in Post 9/11 Pakistan” Conflict, Security and Development (under Revision). 2013

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PCS-443 Contemporary Socio-Political Conflicts in Pakistan

Cr.Hr: 03

The course deals with the nature, scale and identity of contemporary socio-political conflicts in Pakistan. Being a heterogeneous state Pakistan is confronting various scales of conflicts and crisis which are often rooted in its diverse social and political fabric.

Objectives Upon taking this course students will develop an understanding of

the contemporary socio-political challenges affecting the fabric of the Pakistani society. They will deal with issues such as terrorism, extremism, ethnicity, ethnic conflict and fragmentation of the society.

Course Contents 1. Pakistan’s socio-political realities2. Challenges and issues in contemporary Pakistan3. Provincial identities and sub-conflicts in Pakistan4. Ethnic, social and religious dimensions of conflicts5. Terrorism and extremism the challenges affecting Pakistan since

9/11.

Suggested Readings1. Tariq Ali, The Duel: Pakistan on the Flight Path of American

Power. Simon and Schuster, London. 20082. A Feroz, Pakistan: Ethnic Fragmentation or National Integration?,

35 (4): 631-645, 19963. Gulshan Majeed, “Ethnicity and Ethnic Conflict in Pakistan”,

Journal of Political Studies, 1 (2): 51-63, 20104. Anatol Levein, Pakistan: A Hard Country, Allen Lane, London.

20115. Mohammad Waseem, Politics and State in Pakistan, Islamabad:

National Institute of historical and Cultural Research. 1994

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PCS-444 Theories of Peace and Conflict Cr.Hr: 03

Theories of Peace and ConflictThis course takes an introductory overview of various issues in peace and conflict research and examines the efforts to resolve conflict at various levels of society which we face in the 21st century. It offers an integrative framework to link peace keeping, making, and building as well as introducing major approaches to peace. The course also examines the ideas behind the development of peace research which has emerged as one of the major social science disciplines recognized by UNESCO.

Objectives Students taking the course will develop a sound basic

understanding of the thematic debates in relation to Peace and Conflict Studies. They will also learn regarding the underlying factors and causes behind conflicts and what are the competing discourses and views on incidence of conflicts.

Overall, the course offers students an opportunity to learn a variety of policy tools needed for conflict and peace building analysis both at the macro and micro levels.

Course Contents 1. Introduction to different debates on conflict, 2. Introduction to the debates on peace and development3. Competing discourses on conflict and peace studies4. The liberal discourse on conflict, and peace building5. Realist Approach on peace building

Suggested Readings1. Daniel Christie, et al., Peace, Conflict and Violence, London:

Prentice Hall.2. Ho-Won Jeong, Peace and Conflict Studies: An Introduction,

Ashgate, Aldershot. 20003. Astri Suhrke, and Chaudhary, TorunnWimpelmann, “Conflict and

Development”, In Paul A. Haslam, Jessica Schafer and Pierre Beaudet, eds., Introduction to International Development: Approaches, Actors and Issues, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 384-405. 2009

4. David Cortright, Peace: A History of Movements and Ideas, Cambridge University Press, 2008.

5. Johan Galtung & Charles P. Webel, Handbook of Peace and Conflict Studies, Routledge, 2007

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PCS-551 State and Human Security Cr.Hr: 03In the post-cold war era a new concept of Human Security focusing on the protection of human lives against pestilence, poverty, environmental destruction and dispute, has attracted considerable attention in place of the conventional idea of National Security, which focuses on armaments. In the contemporary world, due to cultural diversity and varied levels of economic development, many people spend their lives in danger against a background of poverty, disasters, poor environmental hygiene, malnutrition, and social unrest, including active disdain for human dignity. In addition, international epidemics such as HIV / AIDS and SARS, environmental and food pollution, terrorism and drug trafficking jeopardize human security across borders. The state has an important role to play in this miliueu. The “human insecurity” of the 21st century is caused by a very wide range of factors. Therefore, to solve the above-mentioned problems both in theory and practice, it is necessary for those in leadership positions to have obtained multiple perspectives beyond the conventional academic disciplines and for methodologies to be in place that incorporateInterdisciplinary skills and knowledge.

Objectives This program aims at making intellectual contributions to the

realization of Human Security throughout the world. The Human Security program encompasses issues such as “Food & Agriculture for Human Security,” “Public Health Sciences for Human Security,” “Human Security and Society,” and “Human Security and Environment.”

The course is designed to train the current and next generation of leaders and experts who will actively participate in the areas of policy planning and regional communities at the international and domestic levels.

Applicants must demonstrate competence in social sciences, and the potential for leadership in the field of Human Security.

Course Content1. Human Security: Concepts and Definitions2. Types of Human Security3. Relationship between Traditional and Non Traditional security4. The role of the state in providing security to its citizens.5. Food and agriculture security.6. Public health and human security.7. Human security and society.8. Human security and environment.9. Climate change and its effects on human security.

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10. Human security and energy.11. Human security and water resources.12. The Challenges and risks to Human Security

Suggested Readings 1. Mary Kaldor, Human Security (Polity) 20072. MacFarlane and S. Neil. &Yuen FoongKhong.. Human Security

and the UN: A Critical History (United Nations Intellectual History Project Series). 2006

3. Hampson, Fen Olser, Jean Daudelin, John B. Hay, Holly Reid and Todd Marting Madness in the Multitude: Human Security and World Disorder. Oxford University Press. 2001

4. Paul Battersby &Joseph M. Siracusa, Globalization and Human Security, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. 2009

5. Derek S Reveron, and Kathleen A. Mahoney-Norris, Human Security in a Borderless World. Westview Press. 2011.

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PCS-552 Traditional and Non-Traditional Security Paradigms

Cr.Hr: 03

The course intends to focus on the leading conceptual frameworks and issues related to security. It will provide an understanding of the traditional and non-traditional paradigms of the subject. The theoretical perspective and ongoing debates will be discussed to develop an understanding of the subject.

Objectives To enable the students understand the terms traditional security

and non-traditional security Their participation in the contemporary debate on security and

conceptual paradigms understood The meaning and utility of the term security analyses.

Course Content1. Introduction to the Concepts and Conceptual Paradigms2. What is Security (Introduction and Analysis)3. Evolution of the Concept from Traditional to Non-Traditional4. Introduction to Traditional Security (military Capabilities, war, arms

race, collective security, collective defense, nuclear war, deterrence and Revolution in Military Affairs)

5. Introduction to Non-Traditional Security (debates of Peace Maintenance, Role of International Organizations, Theories of quincy wright and other peace activists, Human Security, Conflict Free Zones, Nuclear Free Zones, Rationales of Offense and their Legality etc.)

Suggested Readings1. Edward A. Kolodziej, Security and International Relations, New

York: Cambridge University Press, 20052. Paul D. Williams (ed.), Security Studies: An Introduction, London

and New York: Routledge, 2008.3. Charles W. Kegley Jr. and Eugene R. Wittkope, “Theories of

World Politics” in World Politics: Trends and Transformation (Thomson and Wadsworth, 2004), pp. 30-55.

4. Scott Burchill, ‘Realism and Neo-Realism’, in Scott Burchill and A. Linklater, Theories of International Relations, New York: St. Martin, 1996, pp.83-90.

5. Barry Buzan, An Introduction to Strategic Studies: Military Technology and International Relations, Hampshire: Macmillan Press and Int. Institute for Strategic Studies, 1988

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PCS-553 Contemporary Global Conflicts Cr.Hr: 03Conflict is commonplace in society. Sometimes conflict is an annoyance, such as arguing with a sibling over the Xbox; sometimes it is tragic, as in events in Ukraine, Gaza, and Iraq, among others. Conflict can be destructive, for example, when it damages relationships among neighbors or relatives or destroys homes and livelihoods. Conflict can also be constructive, as shown by the effects of civil rights demonstrations in the U.S., the Solidarity movement in Poland, or perhaps the Occupy Wall Street and Arab Spring movements. Given the interconnectedness of global society, we need to determine how we can deal with conflict productively.

Objectives Students who graduate the course will learn about contemporary

global conflicts the incidence and trends of conflicts taking place in developing countries and the interrelationships between violence, power and external interventions in conflict settings.

Course Contents 1. Trends of global conflicts2. Role of Power, Greed and Grievance in contemporary conflict

incidence3. Outlines of the major conflicts in the following regions;4. Middle East5. African and the American Continents6. Central Asia and Caucasus7. Euro-Asian Region8. South Asia9. Oceana10. Far East and South East Asia/Asia-Pacific

Suggested Readings1. Assefa Hizkias, and Paul Wahrhaftig, The MOVE Crisis in

Philadelphia: Extremist Groups and Conflict Resolution. Pittsburg: The University of Pittsburg Press. 1990

2. Feargal Cochrane, “Third-Party Intervention.” In Ending Wars. Cambridge and Malden: Polity Press, 39-69. (ER) 2008

3. Joshua S. Goldstein, Winning the War: The Decline of Conflict Worldwide. New York: Penguin, 1-10. (ER) 2011.

4. Carolyn. Nordstrom, Shadows of War: Violence, Power, and International Profiteering in the Twenty-First Century, Berkeley: University of California Press. 2004.

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PCS-554 Global Perspectives on Peace Building Cr.Hr: 03This course provides an understanding of the global perspective on peace building. It explores the challenges associated with peace building and how international organizations and multilateral partners undertake peace building. In addition, it views at peace building theory looking at western approaches, namely liberal peace building and indigenous approaches in developing countries of the world.

Objectives The objectives of the course include introducing students that how

peace building practices are viewed in the contemporary world in relation to their successes and failures.

In addition it orients students to the roles of different actors involved in peace building initiatives.

Course Contents 1. Introduction to peace building approaches2. Role of international organizations in Peace Building3. Role of United Nations and multilateral institutions, and forums

(ICRC)in Peace Building4. International approaches towards Peace making and Peace

Building5. Latest trends and developments in the field

Suggested Readings1. Charles Webel and Johan Galtung Handbook of Peace and

Conflict Studies, London, New York: Routledge, 2009.2. Kashif Saeed Khan & Ingrid L.P. Nyborg, “False Promises False

Hopes: Local Perspectives on Liberal Peace Building in North-Western Pakistan,” Forum for Development Studies, 40(2): 261-284. 2013

3. Kashif Saeed, “Conflict Transformation and Development in Pakistan’s North Western Territories,” Pakistan Security Research Unit, Department of Peace Studies, University of Bradford Vol: pp: 1-14. 2008.

4. Local Perspectives on Liberal Peace Building in North-Western Pakistan, Forum for Development Studies, 40(2): 261-284.

5. O. Syed Noor, S., Jamil, A. C, “Analysis of Gender Based Experiences of Poverty in the ’North’ and ’South’: The Case of Pakistan.”, Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Peshawar, PUTA. 18: 159-172.(2011)

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PCS-555 Conflict Analysis Cr.Hr: 03Conflict Analysis and Management is an inter-related field of Conflict Resolution and Peace Studies. It aims to give a deeper insight to the stakeholders, mediators, facilitators, conflict parties etc to see the immediate causes and factors triggering to the conflict. If not being identified, these causes can lead to a quagmire of issues at later stage and consequently conflict parties adapt an uncompromising and unforgiving attitude towards each other. The course will critically discuss and examine the theoretical/conceptual dimensions of the subject. It will focus popular theories to conflict emergence and techniques/approaches to manage the conflict.

Objectives The course is designed to familiarize students with the theoretical

literature of the subject and to provide them a deeper understanding of conflict analysis, mapping and management.

Course Contents1. Definition of conflict according to different perspectives, Defining

Conflict Analysis, Defining Conflict Sensitivity Approach, Why is it important to analyze a conflict?

2. Concepts and Theories of Conflict Emergence3. Individual Characteristic Theory (Basic Needs Theory, Intrinsic

Organism Theory)4. Criticism on Frued’s and Lorenz’s work by Eric Fromm (Anatomy of

Self-destructiveness)5. Protracted Social Conflict Theory (Edward Azar)6. How to resolve PSC?7. ICR Approach 8. ARIA Model9. Conflict Process (Stages of Conflict and Conflict Resolution

process)10. Role of Violence in Conflict Violence (Structural and Cultural

Violence)11. Diagnosis-Prognosis Therapy12. Conflict Mechanism, Mapping and Assessment 13. Profile of the conflict, Key Actors, Interests and Values Positions14. Identifying main issues/underlying causes to the conflict15. Approaches to Conflict Management 16. Timings and Readiness for Conflict management, Mutually Hurting

Stalemate (MHS) Model17. Related Models of MHS, Missing components of MHS, MHS and

Mediation, Readiness Theory, Relevant elements of Readiness, Why Readiness is important to complete MHS?

18. Ways to manage the conflicts (Coercion/War, Negotiations,

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Mediation, Arbitration, Adjudication)Suggested Readings1. James A. Schellenberg, Conflict Resolution: Theory, Research and

Practice, New York: State University of New York Press, 19962. Alan C. Tidwell, Conflict Resolved?, London: Pinter Publications,

19983. J. W. Burton, "World society and Human Needs" in Margot Light

and A. J. R. Groom (eds.), International Relations: A Hand Book of Current Theory (London: Frances Pinter, 1985)

4. Sigmund Freud, "Why War?: A Reply to a Letter from Einstein", in Paul Smoker, Ruth Davies and Barbara Munske (eds.), A Reader in Peace Studies (Oxford: Pergmon Press, 1990)

5. C.R. Mitchell, "Conflict, War and Conflict Management", in Margot Light and A.J.R. Groom (eds.), International Relations: A Hand Book of Current Theory (London: Frances Pinter, 1985)

PCS-556 Non-Violent Movements of the World Cr.Hr: 03Non-violent movements have often channelized levels of discontent and frustrations in peaceful ways. This course looks at contemporary non-violent movements and their influence in the realm of peace and conflict studies.

Objectives Students taking the course will receive an orientation on

contemporary non-violent movements that have taken place in the Pakhtun society and in different regions of the world.

Course Contents 1. Introduction to contemporary non-violent peace movements.2. Non-violent peace movements in the America3. Non-violent peace movements across Asia and Africa4. Non-Violent movements of Indian Sub-continent 5. Role of non-violent movements in peace making and peace

building6. Social movements and non-violent action

Suggested Readings1. Mukulika Banerjee, The Pathan Unarmed: Opposition & Memory in

the North West Frontier, Oxford University Press. 2000.2. Johan Galtung, ‘Violence, peace, and peace research’, Journal of

Peace Research, 6, 3: 167–91. 19693. J.Galtung, ‘Cultural violence’, Journal of Peace Research, 27, 3:

291–305. 19904. J.Galtung, Peace by Peaceful Means: Peace and Conflict,

Development and Civilization, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. 1996

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5. N.F. Gier, The Virtue of Nonviolence: From Gautama to Gandhi, Albany: State University of New York Press. 2004

PCS-561 Conflict and Cooperation in South Asian Region

Cr.Hr: 03

The South Asian region is home to almost a quarter of the world’s population. The region has witnessed a spike of intrastate conflicts and interstate tensions in recent times. It is therefore important to explore various dimensions of conflicts taking place in the region which primarily includes the Afghanistan, Pakistan and India. Objectives

The purpose of the course is to develop the student’s ability to understand and analyze contemporary conflicts across the south Asian region. Students will gain an ability to analyze south Asian conflicts intra-state and interstate from different perspectives.

Course Contents 1. Conflicts in the Afghanistan and Pakistan2. History, politics and power dimensions of conflicts in South Asia3. Triggers, internal and external dimensions of contemporary South

Asian conflicts4. Conflicts between India and its neighbors5. Challenges towards peace building and cooperation in South Asia

Suggested Readings1. Amir Rana, “Taliban Insurgency in Pakistan: A Counterinsurgency

Perspective,” PIPS, Islamabad. 2009.2. Robert D Kaplan, South Asia’s Geography of Conflict, Center for a

new American security, Washington DC. 2010.3. Shiva Hari Dahal, Haris Gazdar, S.I. Keethaponcalan and Padmaja

Murthy,.Internal Conflict and Regional Security in South Asia: approaches, perspectives and policies, United Nations publication. 2003

4. Gould William, Religion and Conflict in Modern South Asia, Cambridge University Press. 2011

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PCS-562 Research Methodology Cr.Hr: 03Peace and Conflict Studies is an inter-disciplinary subject needs special attention in training graduates for both qualitative and quantitative research methods and tools of data collection. This course is designed to enrich participants with social science research tools and different approaches of their applicability.

Objectives: To help under-graduates students to understand how social

researchers investigate the social world and how they seek to gain systematic, reliable and valid knowledge especially in conflict zones.

This module will enable them to develop skill in the practice of independent researches in both peace and conflict situations with all individuals and institutions.

Course Contents:1. Defining Research in Social Sciences2. Types of Research: Basic and Applied; Qualitative and

Quantitative3. Research Approaches and Methods; Action Research, Case Study

Methods, experiments and surveys. 4. Research Strategy: Induction and deduction.5. Selection of Research topics6. Research Process 7. Literature Review8. Research Designing9. Research techniques : tools of data collection (Questionnaire,

Interviews, Observations)10. Steps in Research11. Data Analysis./Tabulation12. Report Writing

Suggested Readings1. Baszangar, Isabelle &Dodier, N. Ethnography: Relating the Parts

to the Whole in Qualitative Research: Theory, Method and Practice. London: Sage Publications. 1997.

2. Becker, Howard, “Problems of Inferences and Proof in Participant Observation,” American Sociological Review, Vol. 23.No.6. 1958.

3. J. Bell, Doing your Research Project, London: Open University Press. 1987

4. N.Blaikie, Designing Social Research: The Logic of Anticipation, Cambridge, 2000.

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5. Marry Anne Broklesby and E Fisher, Livelihood Assessment Frame Work for WWF Training Workshop Peshawar. (2003).

PCS-563 International Law Cr.Hr: 03Understanding war, conflicts and peacebuilding without access to the knowledge that how world communities have emerged in due course of history to an agreement of war or war ethics would retain the scope of the discipline unfilled. Therefore, understanding International law is an important segment in peace and conflict studies which enrich the scholars with contemporary issues of conflicts and peacebuilding.

Objectives Objective of this course is to generate awareness among the

students regarding the nature, evolution, development and application of International Law among the members of the international community such as states, international institution and individuals.

This course also addresses the issue of practicability of International Law.

Course Contents:1. Definition, Nature and Scope of International Law, Binding Nature

of International Law, Two Schools of Thoughts about the Reality of International Law.

2. Origin and Development of International Law, Theories of International Law, Relationship between International and Municipal Laws.

3. Sources of International Law. 4. Subjects of International Law: States, Individuals and Non-State

Entities. 5. State as International Actor: Pre-requisites of statehood, kinds of

states. 6. Recognition of state and government, De Jure and De facto

Recognition, Legal effects of recognition, Recognition of insurgency and belligerency and its impacts.

7. State succession and its effects. 8. State Sovereignty: Acquisition of Territorial Sovereignty. 9. State Jurisdiction: Territorial Jurisdiction, Jurisdiction over maritime

belt, contiguous zones, continental shelf, Jurisdiction over high seas, right of hot pursuit on high seas, Jurisdiction over airspace and outer space.

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Suggested Readings1. Antonio Cassese, International Law, London, Oxford University

Press, 2001. 2. Craig J. Barker, International Law and International Relations,

London, Continuum, 2000. 3. Edward Collins, International Law in a Changing World: Cases,

Documents and Readings, New York, Random House, 1970. 4. Herbert W. Briggs, The Law of Nations: Cases, Documents and

Notes, London, Steven, 1953. 5. Ian Brownlie, Basic Principles of International Law, London, Oxford

University Press, 1986.

PCS-564 Religious Extremism and Militancy Cr.Hr: 03The course intends to discuss the present day discourse of associating Religion with Terrorism. The subject will elaborate in historical context the link of violence with religious ideologies. This will also elaborate on when and why religions were used as tool for violence, terrorism, extremism and other political ends. The course will discuss the link of militancy with violent religious ideologies. Objectives To discuss the discourse on religious extremism and militancy To theorize the linkage of non-state militant entities with extremist

ideologies. To understand militant ideologies in local, national and transnational

networks To analyze the contemporary international Invasions, expansions,

conquests and its impact on local peace and stability

Course Contents1. World Religions, concepts of Peace and Violence in Scripts of

various Religions2. Brief History of Islam and Islamic Invasions3. Introduction to the Concept of Jihad in Islam and Crusades in

Christianity and relevant practices in other faiths4. Muslim expansionism and the advent of Islam5. The Al-Qa’ida Phenomenon and beyond: Myths and Realities6. Militant Islam in local, national and transnational networks7. The concept of Ummah: Islamic nationalism and Transnationalism8. Social Closure and Takfir: The interrelationship between secular

and militant Muslims9. Western Reaction to Terrorism- Civilization or De-civilization

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Suggested Readings1. Mariam Mufti, “Religion and Militancy in Pakistan and Afghanistan:

A Literature Review. A Report of the CSIS on Crisis, Conflict and Cooperation.” Washington. Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS). 2012

2. Stephen Vertigans. Militant Islam: A sociology of characteristics, causes and consequences. London: Routledge. 2009

PCS-565 Insurgency and Terrorism Cr.Hr: 03A glance of current news reveals the presence of terrorist groups, using violence against civilians. Terrorist groups around the world use violence for “political” and sometimes “religious” purposes. This course covers the phenomenon of terrorism and insurgencies and their impacts on society.

Objectives The objectives of the course includes: creating an understanding of

Terrorist groups operate in and out of states—mostly using unconventional violence upon civilians.

Assessing and analyzing differential demands by terrorists on independence, autonomy or greater polity ruled through God’s law. What challenges do these demands pose to the world-- especially to weak or failed states?

Are there legitimate leaders within terrorist/Insurgent groups? Individuals who negotiate peace? Who is a legitimate leader? What does legitimacy look like? Where is legitimacy derived from?

Course Contents:1. Background of Terrorism2. Causes of Terrorism3. Complexities of Terrorism4. Causes of Insurgencies5. Evolution of Terrorism6. Cases of Terrorism including: “State Terror” & “revolutionary

Terror”7. Conflict Resolution in Terrorism and Insurgencies

Suggested Readings 1. Gus Martin, Essentials of Terrorism: Concepts and Controversies,

Los Angeles: SAGE Publications, 20142. Michael Humphrey, The Politics of Atrocity and Reconciliation:

From Terror to Trauma, London: Routledge, 20023. Tariq Ramadan, Islam and Arab Awakening, Oxford Press, 2012.

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PCS-671 Human Rights and Humanitarian Law Cr.Hr: 03ObjectivesThe course is designed to impart knowledge about meaning, scope and importance of human rights in welfare keeping in view our own cultural setup

Course Contents1. Theories of Human Rights

a. Theory of Natural Rightsb. Legal Theory of Rightsc. Moral and Legal Rights

2. The Legal and Moral Foundations of Human Rights in Islamic and International Law

3. Concept of Justice in Islam4. Protection of Minorities in Islam, Islamic Charter and Declaration.5. The Official Basis of Democracy and Human Rights in Islam 6. Human Rights and cultural relation the sources and significance of

Human Rights, Moral Diversity, Religion and Ideology7. Rights of the People under International Law

a. The Rights to Developmentb. Rights to Conflict and Harmony

8. The world Institution and Human Rights:The League of Nations and United Nations, Human Rights Convention

9. Human Rights of the Refugees and Immigrant Law 10. Human Rights and Politics11. The Code of Ethics of Human Rights 12. International Humanitarian Law (IHL)13. Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)

Suggested Readings1. Pollis Adamantia & Peter Schwab, Human Rights New

Perspectives, New Realities, Viva Books Private Limited, New Delhi. 2002

2. Human Rights Commission of Pakistan, State of Human Rights in Pakistan (1994-2000).

3. J. Mehr Joseph, Human Services, Allyn & Bacon A. Viacom Company 160 Gould Street 1990

4. A. Lewis Judith, Lewis D Michael, Management of Human Service Programs, WadPCSorth/Thomson Learning 10 Davis Drive Belmont, Australia. 2001.

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5. Nazarul Islam, Addressing the Urban Poverty Agenda in Bangladesh, 1997.

PCS-672 Global Power Politics and Peace Cr.Hr: 03ObjectiveSince the demise of the Soviet Union there has been only one remaining Superpower in world politics i.e, USA. It is, therefore, more than ever necessary for students of I.R. to have a firm knowledge of how and why the US makes its foreign policy. This course will briefly cover the historical heritage of the USA and how it impacts foreign policy making. This includes, especially, the ideological and psychological dimension of the American society. It will also provide a framework for analysis that is practical and easy to use. The main areas of focus will be the Cold War and the Post-Cold War eras. Theory, whenever necessary, will also be used to explain US conduct in world affairs.

Course Contents1. The theoretical knowledge used to explain US policies throughout

the world.2. A primary focus on empirical “ground realities” behind those

policies, and their impact and influence on world politics. 3. Understanding and scrutinizing the Ideology (or The Washington

Consensus), and Commercial Culture of the USA, without which Peace studies are not feasible or even possible

4. Analyzing the tremendous influence and power, especially after demise of the S.U., of the only Superpower left in the world via its global policies, and the repercussions that these policies have by virtually leaving no nation unaffected.

5. Possible and potential shortcomings and weaknesses of the USA as a Global Superpower in terms of cooperation and conflict.

6. As a Superpower the US is driving both Globalization (or Americanization), and impacting cooperation & conflicts and wars of the world. Examining those vital and ubiquitous impacts on global peace and conflict.

Suggested Readings1. Bruce W. Jentleson , American Foreign Policy: The Dynamics of

Choice in the 21st Century.2. Clyde V. Prestowitz, Rogue Nation: American Unilateralism And

The Failure Of Good Intentions, 2004. 3. Karl K. Schonberg, Constructing 21st Century U.S. Foreign Policy:

Identity, Ideology, and America’s World Role in a New Era, 2009.4. William F. Engdahl, Full Spectrum Dominance – Totalitarian

Democracy in the New World Order, 2009.

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5. Dennis C. Jett, Why American Foreign Policy Fails - Unsafe at Home and Despised Abroad, 2008

PCS-673 Youth Development/Welfare Cr.Hr: 03The course is designed to make students understand the concept of youth, youth development and welfare. The course will enhance the approach of students about the various Issues and problems related to the youth welfare and development. The course shall strengthen professional work approach of students in relation to social policies and social legislation about the development and welfare of youth.

Objectives The course shall enable students to understand the concept of

youth, youth development and welfare. To enhance the approach of students about the various Issues and

problems related to the youth welfare and development To strengthen the professional work approach of students in

relation with social policies and social legislation for the development and welfare of youth.

Course Contents1. Concepts, Meanings and Scope of the Youth Development 2. Need and Problems of the Youth in Pakistan3. Thematic Areas for Youth Development and Welfare in Pakistan4. Physical Health5. Mental Health6. Intellectual Health7. Employability8. Civic and Social Involvement9. Role of Social institutions (Family, Peer Group, Educational

Institution, Religion) and community for youth welfare10. Social Legislation and Policies regarding youth development and

welfare in Pakistan11. Youth Development and Welfare Programs in Pakistan12. Challenges and Issues of Youth in Pakistan

Suggested Readings:1. Barry, Youth Policy and Social Inclusion: Critical Debates with

Young People, Surrey: Ashgate Publication. 20042. Maggie Blyth, Children and young people in custody: Managing the

risk, Bristol: The Policy Press, 2008.3. Maggie Blyth, Prevention and youth crime: Is early intervention

working? , Bristol: The Policy Press. 2008

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4. Maggie Blyth, Young people and ‘risk’, Bristol: The Policy Press, 2005.

5. Helena Helve, Holm Gunilla, Contemporary Youth Research: Local Expressions and Global Connection, Michigan: Ashgate press. 2005

PS-674 International and Regional Organizations in Peace Keeping

Cr.Hr: 03

International peacekeeping missions have evolved over the years into a complex operation involving inter alia diplomacy, consensus building and logistics. Peacekeeping was originally the preserve of the UN but now regional blocs like AU are also performing peacekeeping duties independently. Peacekeepers are sent to a conflict zone with the Security Council mandate to ensure the security space that is important for humanitarian and peace building spaces. In 1988, the UN Peacekeeping Forces were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for Peace. This course examines UN’s complex peacekeeping and peace building operations since the early 1950s and how it has changed since the end of the Cold War.

ObjectivesStudents should be able to: Demonstrate analytical and systematic thinking about

peacekeeping and the role of international and regional Organization; and

Understand theoretical and policy debates surrounding international and regional peacekeeping.

Understand the role of UN in peacekeeping and peace making Understand the role of INGOs in peacekeeping and peace building

Course Contents 1. Theories on the nature of conflict and types of peace operations;2. Case studies of major UN peacekeeping missions e.g. Somalia,

Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) etc.3. International legal basis for interventions by external actors, state

interests, capacity, mandate, strategies, and obstacles.4. Politics of peacekeeping and peace building.5. Relationship between peacekeeping and peace enforcement.6. Regional peacekeeping7. Cooperation and coordination with multiple actors, especially

NGOs, regional organizations, donor agencies, and multinational coalitions.

8. The motivation of South Asian countries to participate in peacekeeping operations.

9. Responsibility to Protect (RTP) and its critical understanding

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10. Police as part of peace keeping operations11. Gender in peacekeeping

Suggested Readings1. Michael Bothe and Boris Kondoch, International Peacekeeping:

The Yearbook of International Peace Operations. The Hague: Kluwer Law International. 2002.

2. Alex Bellamy, and Williams Paul. Understanding Peacekeeping. Cambridge: Polity Press. 2010.

3. Paul F. Diehl, Peace Operations. Cambridge: Polity Press , 20084. Sandra Whitworth, Men, Militarism and UN Peacekeeping: A

Gendered Analysis. New Delhi: Viva Books Private Limited, 2006.5. A K M Abdus Sabur, “Management of intra-group conflicts in

SAARC: the relevance of ASEAN experiences.” South Asian Survey 10(1):85-100. 2003

PS-675 Research Project/Internship/Dissertation Cr.Hr: 03The course is designed to focus on research, pedagogical skills in peace and conflict studies. The learners will be given focused literature to conduct a thorough study on specific topics through scientific and descriptive research methods. It could be a scholastic write up (highly recommended), or Internship with a peace organization or Law enforcement agency. The student will also have to demonstrate their writing and presentation capability besides excelling upon knowledge learn.

Objectives To enable students to conduct focused research on specific

topic/issue of their interest To prepare them for practical/professional life through research

internship in various organizations.

ContentsAs per chosen topics of the research by students and approved by the faculty.

Suggested Readings1. Howard Becker, “Problems of Inferences and Proof in Participant

Observation,” American Sociological Review, Vol. 23.No.6. 19582. J. Bell, Doing your Research Project, London: Open University

Press. 1987

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3. N Blaikie, Designing Social Research: The Logic of Anticipation, Cambridge, 2000

4. Bulmer and Donald P Warwick, Social Research in Developing Countries, Chichester: John Wiley and Sons Ltd. 1983

PS-681 Research Project/Internship/Dissertation Cr.Hr: 03Continue from Course PCS- 675 (6 Credit hours in Two Semesters) The course is designed to focus on research, pedagogical skills in peace and conflict studies. The learners will be given focused literature to conduct a thorough study on specific topics through scientific and descriptive research methods. It could be a scholastic write up (highly recommended), or Internship with a peace organization or Law enforcement agency. The student will also have to demonstrate their writing and presentation capability besides excelling upon knowledge learn.

Objectives To enable students to conduct focused research on specific

topic/issue of their interest To prepare them for practical/professional life through research

internship in various organizations.

ContentsAs per chosen topics of the research by students and approved by the faculty.

Suggested Readings1. Howard Becker, “Problems of Inferences and Proof in Participant

Observation,” American Sociological Review, Vol. 23.No.6. 19582. J. Bell, Doing your Research Project, London: Open University

Press. 19873. N Blaikie, Designing Social Research: The Logic of Anticipation,

Cambridge, 20004. Bulmer and Donald P Warwick, Social Research in Developing

Countries, Chichester: John Wiley and Sons Ltd. 1983

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PS-682 Gender, Peace and Security Cr.Hr: 03The course introduces the basic concepts of security and peace in correlation to gender. It further focuses on the holistic approaches with focus on gender aspects all-encompassing. The course will enable participants to be gender sensitive in drafting, framing or addressing security issues. Theoretically feminization of international relations, national affairs and domestic issues are to be in focus with designing tools for research.

Objectives The course aims at introduction to the concepts of security in

holistic approaches with focus on gender aspects inclusive. The course will enable participants to be gender sensitive in

drafting, framing or addressing security issues. Theoretically feminization of international relations, national affairs and domestic issues are to be in focus will designing research tools for conflict research.

Course Contents1. Concepts of Security (Theories)2. Comprehensive Security3. Impact of comprehensive Security on Gender4. Feminization of International Relations5. Post-Modern Theories6. Gender in Conflict Situation: Gender as agent of Revenge, Impact

of Conflict on Gender.7. Case Studies of different Conflict Situations: Kashmir, Afghanistan,

Africa, Bosnia, Bangladesh India and Pakistan.8. Gender and Conflict Resolution: Gender and Building (theories)9. Gender role in conflict resolution in Africa and Asia.10. Gender, Peace and Media representations

Suggested Readings1. Anthony de Reuck, “The Logic of Conflict: Its Origins, Development

and Resolution,” in Michael Banks (ed) Conflict in World Society; A New Perspective on International Relations, New York: St. Martin Press. 1984

2. VM Berkovitch N. Moghadam “Middle East Policies and Women’s Collective Action: Challenging the Status Quo,” Social Politics, 603: 273-291 FALL 1991.

3. Rabab Abdulhadi, The Palestinian Women’s Autonomous Movement: Emergence, Dynamics, and Challenges in Gender and Society. 1998

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PS-683 Peace Leadership in South Asia Cr.Hr: 03The South Asian region is home to almost a quarter of the world population. The region has witnessed a spike of intrastate conflicts and interstate tensions in recent times. It is therefore important to explore various dimensions of conflicts in particular the availability of peace leadership in south Asia in countries such as Afghanistan, Pakistan and India.

Objectives The concept of peace in south Asian context is explained The place of religion in social structure at South Asia is deliberated

upon. Most important political peace leaders are discussed Social reformists and development leaders in social sector are

discussed Some important projects like Grameen Bank, AKRSP, SRPS etc

are discussed and its impact on peace building evaluated

Course Contents 1. Prospects for peace in South Asia2. Conflict resolution in South Asia3. Contemporary perspectives on peace leadership in South Asia4. Cases in relation to peace leadership b/w India and Pakistan 5. Peace leadership with reference to Afghanistan and its South Asia

neighbors

Suggested Readings1. Philip J. Broadhead, and Damien V. Keown, Can Faiths Make

Peace? Holy Wars and the Resolution of Religious Conflicts, I.B.Tauris, 2006.

2. Rafiq  Dossani, and Henry S. Rowen eds.. Prospects for peace in South Asia, California: Stanford University Press Stanford, 2005

3. Manas Chatterji , B.M. Jain. , “Introduction: historical and contemporary perspectives on South Asia,” in Manas Chatterji, B.M. Jain (ed.) Conflict and Peace in South Asia (Contributions to Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Volume 5) Emerald Group Publishing Limited, pp.1 - 162008

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PS-684 Peace Leadership of contemporary World and Nobel Peace Laureates

Cr.Hr: 03

Leadership in conflict affected and violent settings has often proven to be the precursor of conflict resolution. The noble peace prize acknowledges these realities as such it is important for peace and conflict studies students to explore peace leadership with particular reference to noble peace laureates.

ObjectivesThe objectives of the course include learning in relation to role of leaderships in peace making and dispute resolution. By going through the course students will have a better understanding of noble peace laureates and the roles they have played in contemporary conflicts.

Course Contents 1. Role of leadership in Peace making and dispute resolution2. Contemporary global cases of leadership in dispute resolution 3. Introduction to Noble Peace Laureates4. Role of Noble Peace Laureates in crisis and conflict resolution5. Significance of leadership in conflict management and conflict

transformation

Suggested Readings1. Charles Webel and Johan Galtung, Handbook of Peace and

Conflict Studies, New York: Routledge, 20092. Catherine DeCuir, Peace Prompts: A Guided Journal for

Communities, Congregations, and Activists in a Time of War. California: Impromptu Publications. 2003.

3. Nobel Prize Internet Archive http://www.almaz.com/nobel/peace/peace.html

4. Official Nobel Website http://www.nobelprize.org5. Peace Pilgrim http://www.peacepilgrim.net

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PS-685 Social Policy and Planning Cr.Hr: 03The course is designed basically to provide students with knowledge on project planning, proposal writings and monitoring strategies while projects are in execution both in government and social sector.

ObjectivesThis subject will enhance the students understanding regarding the project planning, proposal development and project management. They will become able to monitor, evaluate and report the projects. They will learn the skills of relating the project concepts to the social welfare practices in Pakistan.

Course Contents1. Introduction

What is a ProjectNeed of a ProjectInception/Emergence of a ProjectSocial relevance of a ProjectSocial Welfare Projects

2. Project Planning PhaseIdentification of a ProjectSetting Project ObjectivesPlanning Project ActivitiesPlanning for Arrangement of Resources & MonitoringCost & Benefit Analysis (CBA)Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities & Threats (PCSOT) AnalysisFeasibility Study of Project

3. Implementation Phase:Raising Project Structure Services & InfrastructureProvision of Required ResourcesProject’s Pilot Level Implementation & Making Desired ChangesLaunching Planned ActivitiesMonitoringControl

4. Project Completion & Post Project Activities:Project Activities/Duration CompletionProject Activities TerminationDrawing OutProject Achievements EvaluationProject ReportingProject’s Benefits EvaluationEnsuring Project’s Benefits Sustainability

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5. Project Management Concept:Concept & Nature of Project ManagementRole & Functions of Project ManagerProject Management SkillsProject Management in Developing Countries

6. Project Planning & Management Practice in Pakistan:Planning Commission of PakistanPublic Sector Development Programme (Federal )Annual Development Programme (Provincial)

7. PC Forms & Its UsePC-I Project PlanningPC-II Project Feasibility ReportPC-III Project MonitoringPC-IV Transferring Project from Development to Current Budget Project CompletionPC-V Project Evaluation

Suggested Readings1. W C Baum, “The World Bank project cycle,” Finance &

Development 15(4): 10-17. 19782. J W CuPCSorth, “Integrated agriculture development projects in

Sierra Leone: some implications for the future administration of agricultural development,” Journal of Agricultural Administration. 1983

3. A M Jaeger, R N Kanungo, Management in developing countries, London: Routleditionge. 1990

4. D Leonard, “The political realities of African management,” World Development 1987

5. H Mintzberg, The nature of managerial work. New York: Harper & Row. 1973

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Optional Courses in Peace and Conflict StudiesPCS- Political Tolerance Cr.Hr: 03COURSE OUTLINE1. Political Tolerance and Civil Liberties2. Rise of Liberalism in Europe3. Typologies of Minorities & Models of Minority Dynamics.4. Liberal Theories of Collective/ Minorities Rights & Ethno-cultural

neutrality of the State5. Multi-Culturalism, Identity and Politics. 6. Political tolerance, political repression and democratic theories7. Racial polarization 8. An Introduction to Renaissance and Reformation Europe9. Objectives Resolution of Pakistan & Minorities Rights10. Political Behaviorism

Suggested Readings1. James L. Gibson, "Political Intolerance and Political Repression

during the McCarthy Red Scare," American Political Science Review, 82(2) (June 1988): 511-530.  (JSTOR), 

2. John L. Sullivan, et al. “The Sources of Political Tolerance :  A Multivariate Analysis,” American Political Science Review, Vol. 75, No. 1. (Mar., 1981), pp. 92-106. (JSTOR), skim.

3. John L. Sullivan, et al. “Why Politicians Are More Tolerant: Selective Recruitment and Socialization among Political Elites in Britain, Israel,New Zealand and the United States,” British Journal of Political Science, Vol. 23, No. 1. (Jan., 1993), pp. 51-76. (JSTOR)

4. Political Tolerance and American Democracy by John L. Sullivan, James Piereson, George E. Marcus. University of Chicago Press, 15-May-1993.

5. John Lawrence Sullivan, Political tolerance in context: support for unpopular minorities in Israel, New Zealand, and the United States, Westview Press, 1985

PCS- History of Peace Movements Cr.Hr: 03

Course DescriptionThis course explores the history and role of peace movements in the context of Peace Studies. It introduces students to the basic concepts surrounding the historical onset of peace movements and the impact these have had on non-violence and peaceful transitions.

Objectives The Students acquire basic knowledge of and understanding to

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peace movements The causes behind various world peace movements The can critically analyze dynamics and impacts of peace

movements. By taking this course students will develop a sound understanding

of peace movements, their historical evolution and their impacts in conflict affected or contested contexts.

The participants of the course have particular focus developed on examples of historical peace movements depending on the course advisor/teacher.

Course Contents The following are the contents of the course:

1. Peace movements an introduction2. Historical evolution of peace movements3. Peace movements in the Subcontinent4. Roles of peace movements5. Historical impacts of peace movements

Suggested Readings1. Mukulika Banerjee, The Pathan Unarmed: Opposition & Memory in

the North West Frontier. Oxford University Press, 20002. Martin Ceadel,. The Origins of War Prevention: The British Peace

Movement and International Relations, 1730-1854. Oxford University Press, 1996

3. David Cortright, Peace: A History of Movements and Ideas, Cambridge University Press, 2008

4. Reuven Kaminer, Politics of Protest: The Israeli Peace Movement and the Palestinian Intifada. Brighton: Sussex Academic Press. 1995.

5. Abdul Ghaffar Khan, My Life and Struggle, Delhi: Hind Pocket Books, 1969.

PCS- Reconstructing the Term Conflict Cr.Hr: 03Course DescriptionThis course aims to reconsider the term ‘conflict’ and how it is interchangeably used in daily lives at the micro level. It explores how conflicts arise, the notions, perspectives, factors and the underlying causes that are imbedded in such situations.

Objectives Upon graduating this course students will have a better know how

of how conflicts arise in their daily lives or at the work place.

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They will also be oriented towards the different layers and factors that surround conflicts

Course Contents1. Introduction to different conflict scenarios2. Analogies of Conflict (s)3. How to resolve conflicts at the local level.4. Real world examples of conflict5. Conflict at different levels: local and global

Suggested Readings1. Art Bell, “Six ways to resolve workplace conflicts,” McLaren School

of Business, University of San Francisco.Available on the World Wide Web at http://www.usfca.edu/fac-staff/bell/article15.html. 2002

2. Learn peace 2014. Understanding Conflict - Understanding Peace, underlying causes of conflict. Available at: http://www.ppu.org.uk/learn/conflict/st_conflict1.html

3. Stephanie Reynolds, and Kalish Eryn,. “Managing collaborative conflict resolution". Reynolds/Kalish website.Available on the World Wide Web at http://www.reynoldskalish.com/mccr.html. 2002

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PCS- Peace Building in Practice Cr.Hr: 03Course DescriptionThis course provides a solid basis for peace building practices that are implemented in conflict affected and post-war contexts in different parts of the world. It explores the different dimensions and social aspects related to the incidence of conflicts and then explores if adequate peace building interventions suited to a particular context are implanted.

Objectives The course will allow students to gain an understanding of the

theories and approaches towards peace building in practice. With the help of examples and case studies it will allow students to gain a comprehensive understanding of peace building in different parts of the world.

Course Contents 1. Models of peacebuilding2. Peacebuilding in conflict times 3. Peacebuilding in post war termination4. Peacebuilding in post Conflict Resolution times.5. Liberal peace building pros and cons.6. Application of peace building frameworks

Suggested Readings1. Ho-Won, Jeong, Peacebuilding in Post-conflict Societies, Lynne

Rienner, Boulder, 2005.2. Kashif Saeed Khan & Ingrid L.P. Nyborg, “False Promises False

Hopes:Local Perspectives on Liberal Peace Building in North-Western Pakistan,” Forum for Development Studies, 40(2). (2013

3. PCNA. 2010. ‘Post-Crisis Needs Assessment’. Asian Development Bank. (Available at: http://www.pdma.gov.pk/PaRRSA/PCNA_Report.php)

4. O. Richmond, and J. Franks, Liberal Peace Transitions. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2009

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PCS- Introduction to SAARC Forum Cr.Hr: 03Course DescriptionThe South Asian region is home to almost a quarter of the worlds population. SAARC the association for regional cooperation in south Asia was founded in the 1980s with a view to enhance cooperation between the member states. The region has witnessed a spike of intrastate conflicts and interstate tensions in recent times. It is therefore important to explore the various socio-economic and political dimensions of SAARC, which is the body entrusted to promote cooperation between the south Asian countries.

Objectives The course will enable students to enhance their understandings of

SAARC, its historical significance, its role in economic cooperation, combating terrorism and in relation to peace building.

Course Contents 1. Role of regional and international organizations in world politics2. Historical evolution of SAARC3. Role of SAARC in economic cooperation4. Role of SAARC in combating terrorism.5. SAARC and regional conflicts6. SAARC and India and Pakistan7. Avenues for cooperation and peace building.

Suggested Readings1. J. K Alyson Bailes, John Gooneratne, Mavara Inayat, Jamshed

Ayaz Khan and Swaran Singh. Regionalism in South Asian Diplomacy, SIPRI Policy Paper No. 15, 2007.

2. ICSW. 2003. South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC),An ICSW Briefing Paper. http://www.icsw.org/doc/book.pdf

3. Saez Lawrence, The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC): An emerging collaboration architecture, New York : Routledge,  2010.

4. Mussarat Jabeen &Ishtiaq A. Choudhry, “Role of SAARC for Countering Terrorism in South Asia,” South Asian Studies 28 (2) pp. 389-403. 2013.

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PCS- Crime and Justice Cr.Hr: 03

Course DescriptionThe course is designed to explore the culture of under-world. The normative structure through which criminals operate and social legitimacy they achieve through inner group and outer group is to be discussed at length in this course. The course is going to discuss nature of crime in Pakistan, its dynamics and changing patterns keeping in view the justice system that exist in the country.

Objectives To help students develop understanding of the dynamics, origins

and causes of crime. To impart knowledge about the increasing incidence of crime

within the context of our socio-economic and cultural environment. To assist students in their understanding of the criminal justice

system and of its various components and their functions.

Course Contents1. Introduction

Defining and Meaning of Crime, Justice, Deviance and Delinquency

Who are Criminals?Crime Statistics Crime Situation in Pakistan

2. Categories/Types of Crime:Crime Against PersonCrime Against PropertyVictimless CrimeWhite-Collar CrimeCorporate CrimeOrganized Crime

3. Theories of Criminal Behavior:Biological Theories of Crime (Lombroso theory)Social Structure Theories (Social Disorganization, Strain Theory)Social Process Theories (Differential Association Theory, Labeling Theory)

4. Theories of Punishment:Defining Punishment Theories of Punishment (Retribution, Deterrence, Incapacitation, Rehabilitation)Islam Perspective on Punishment.

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5. The Criminal Justice System:Importance of Criminal Justice SystemThe Functions of Criminal Justice SystemComponent of Criminal Justice System

6. The Police Force:Background of Police in PakistanLaws Governing Police Force Problems with Police Force

7. The Prison System:Background of PrisonsThe Prison System of PakistanProblems with Prison System in Pakistan

8. The Probation System:Background of the Concept of ProbationDevelopment of Probation in PakistanProblems Confronting Probation System in Pakistan

9. The Parole System:Background of the Concept of ParoleDevelopment of Parole in PakistanMain Problems with Parole System in Pakistan

Suggested Readings1. I. Crow, The Treatment and Rehabilitation of Offenders, London:

Sage Publications. 20012. D.Garland, Punishment and Modern Society: A Study in Social

Theory, Oxford: Calarendon Press. 19903. A B Hudson, Understanding Justice: An Introduction to Ideas,

Perspectives Controversies in Modern penal History, Buckingham: Open University Press. 1996

4. A Jillani, Cries Unheard; Juvenile Justice in Pakistan. Islamabad: Society for the Protection of the Rights of the child. 1999

5. J.R Lilly, Cullen, F.T and Ball, R.A, Criminological Theory: Context and Consequences, London: Sage Publications2007

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PCS- Dispute Settlement Mechanisms amongst the Pakhtun Ethnic Group

Cr.Hr: 03

Course DescriptionThe course is intended to highlight the alternative community based dispute settlement mechanism especially the Jirga system. There are similar mechanisms in other world societies. The course will study those cultures as well and will relate the same to the Jirga system to evolve an accumulative knowledge on the subject.

Objectives Pakhtun conflict resolution, peace building and cultural institutions

(Pakhtunwali, Jirga, Nanawatee etc) Dispute settlement trends and precedence’s across the Pakhtun

lands.

Course Contents 1. Introduction to Pakhtun conflict resolution and peace building. 2. Introduction to Pakhtun cultural institutions i.e. Pakhtunwali.3. Role of Pakhtun conflict resolution mechanisms i.e. Jirga,

Nanawateeetc in negotiating and reducing conflict incidence.4. Current dispute settlement trends across the Pakhtun lands. 5. Dispute settlement historical precedence’s across the Pakhtun

lands.

Suggested Readings1. Dr. Mumtaz Bangash,. “Jirga; Speedy Justice of Elders.” Khyber.

2011 http://www.khyber.org/culture/jirga/jirgas.shtml. “Between the Jirga and the Judge: Alternative Dispute Resolution in Southeastern Afghanistan.” The Liaison Office, USIP. www.usip.org/files/file/jirga.

2. Palwasha Kakar,.. “The Tribal Law of Pashtunwali and Women’s Legislative authority.” 2011, Harvard Law School.< http://www.law.harvard.edu/programs/ilsp/research/kakar.pdf >.

3. Kashif Saeed Khan, “PakhtunPortraits: Questioning Mainstream Discourses in Post 9/11 Pakistan,” Conflict, Security and Development (under Revision). 2013

4. Ismail Khan,. “History and Origin of Pashtun (Pakhtoon)”, Swatian 2011. http://www.swatian.com/history/pashtun_history.html.

5. Hassan M Yousufzai, and Gohar, Ali, Towards Understanding Pukhtoon Jirga: An indigenous way of peace building and more, Peshawar: Just Peace International. 2005.

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PCS- Anglo-Russian Treaties and Contemporary Border Issues of Pakistan

Cr.Hr: 03

Course DescriptionThe course is designed to provide a baseline on how during the age of British Imperialism have its implications for the South Asian Region. The course critically evaluates the treaties made during this era and the boundaries of the nation as an effect changed. The course also address these treaties as one of the source for contemporary conflict zones on Pakistan’s border lines both with Afghanistan and Iran directly and with India indirectly.

Objectives Students should be able to critically understand various Treaties

between England and Russia Student will be able to link the treaties with contemporary border

lines between Afghanistan and Pakistan in line with those treaties. The course enriches its participants about contemporary Border

Issues of Pakistan and future prospects for peace resolving these conflicts.

Course Contents1. Introduction to Anglo-Russian treaties in Afghanistan and British

imperial north-western India2. Contemporary border issues and disputes in relation to the Durand

Line3. Treaty of 1809 (Alliance against Napoleon and Alexander)4. Treaty of 1838-39 (Tripartite Agreement)5. Treaty of 1879 (Gandamak Treaty)6. Treaty of 1893 (Durand Line Treaty)7. Treaty of 1919 (Rawalpindi Accord)8. Treaty of 1921 (Treaty of Kabul)

Suggested Readings 1. Abdul Ali Arghandawi, British Imperialism and Afghanistan’s

Struggle for Independence; 1914-21, New Dehli, 1989.2. Anwar Khan, 'Age of Imperialism', Area Study Center, Peshawar

(Research Article, Central Asia, Journal 52)3. Arnold Fletcher, Afghanistan-highway to Conquest, New York,

19964. FidaYounis, 'The Durand Line Border Agreement', Area Study

Centre, Peshawar, (Research Article, Central Asia, Journal 51, 5. Encyclopedia of Afghan history,

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PCS- Pakhtun Nationalism and Pakhtun Islamization Pak-Afghan Region

Cr.Hr: 03

Course DescriptionThe war against terrorism has had a definitive impact on Pakhtun regions in Afghanistan and Pakistan. In recent history the area was used as base from which Islamist militants attacked soviet forces. Pakhtun society has tended to oscillate between these competing poles of nationalism and Islamization during the last many decades.

Objectives This course enables its students to gain a critical understanding of

the oscillations in the Af-Pak region viz a viz Pakhtun Islamization and Nationalism.

It explores issues of identity, nationalism and ethno centrism within Pakthuns across the region.

Course Contents 1. Introduction to Pakhtun nationalism2. Introduction to Pakhtun identity and peace movements3. Pakhtun nationalism, identity and peace movements4. The Soviet war and its impacts on the Pakhtun belt.5. Current crisis affecting the Af-Pak region.6. Impact of the WAT on the Pakhtun belt.

Suggested Readings1. Mukulika Banerjee, The Pathan Unarmed: Opposition & Memory in

the North West Frontier, Oxford University Press, 2000.2. Abdul Ghaffar Khan, My Life and Struggle, Hind Pocket Books:

Delhi. 19693. Shaheen Buneri, Taliban Militancy: Replacing a culture of Peace,

Tigah 2. FATA research Center. 20134. I.Khan, ‘Pashtuns in the crossfire: Pashtun politics in the shadow

of “War against Terrorism”’, Pakistan Security Research Unit, Brief No. 19, 2007www.spaces.brad.ac.uk:8080/download/attachments/748/Brief+19+REFCHAI.pdf

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PCS- Conflict Management and Local Administration in Pakhtun Region

Cr.Hr: 03

Course DescriptionConflict management and local administration are two important areas which play a defining role in managing violent and non-violent conflict. The Pakhtun region in Pakistan’s north-west has remained in a flux of conflict and instabilities, therefore studying conflict management and local administration remain essential from the perspective of peace making and peace building in this challenging context.

Objectives The objective of the course is to provide a historical understanding

of the customary conflict management institutions in the Pakhtun region.

Students will also be oriented to local administrative practices, governance and conflict perspectives covering both the colonial and the post-independence eras of this region.

Course Contents 1. Historical Conflict management customary institutions in the

Pakhtun region2. Local administrative practices in the Pakhtun region3. Governance, conflict and administration in north-western Pakistan4. Administrative practices in the British colonial era across the

Pakhtun lands.5. Administrative practices in the Pakistani eras across the Pakhtun

lands.

Suggested Readings1. A.S. Ahmed, Social and Economic Change in the Tribal Areas,

1972-1976, London: Oxford University Press, 19772. Khalid Aziz, ‘Causes of Rebellion in Waziristan’, Research Report,

Regional Institute of Policy Research and Training RIPORT, 2007,Peshawar.

3. F. Barth, Features of Person and Society in Swat: Selected Essays on Pathans, Vol. 2. London: Routledge &Kogan Paul, 1981.

4. Kashif Saeed Khan, “Pakhtun Portraits: Questioning Mainstream Discourses in Post 9/11 Pakistan,” Conflict, Security and Development (under Revision). 2013

5. Hassan M. Yousufzai, and Gohar, Ali, Towards Understanding Pukhtoon Jirga:An indigenous way of peace building and more, Peshawar: Just Peace International. 2005

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PCS- Human growth and behavior Cr.Hr: 03

Course DescriptionThe course is to enable the graduates not only to comprehend human personality structure but also interpret the personality dynamics both normal and abnormal of the human being while working as team member in psychiatric settings or working on human nutrition index. The relation of human development with tolerance level, aggression and other personality treats are to be examined.

Objectives The aim of the course is to enable the graduates of IPCS not only

comprehend the personality structure of the client, and also interpret the personality dynamics both normal and abnormal of the human being while working as team member in psychiatric settings.

Course Contents1. Approaches to the Study of Human Development

Human Growth as Concept and ProcessPhases of Human DevelopmentFactors Which Influence Human Growth/Development as ProcessPrinciples of Human Development

2. Levels of Functioning of Human Mind and Behavior Perspectives Biological Structure and Functioning of Human MindPsychological Level of Functioning of Human Mind (Conscious Level, Sub Conscious Level, Un Conscious Level)Constituents of Human Personality (Id, Ego, Super-Ego)

3. Dynamics of Human Behavior and Personality Structure4. Basic Assumptions about Human Behavior5. Role of Nature & Nurture in Personality Development

Defense mechanism (Origin, Dynamics, IllustrationAbnormal Behavior (Psycho-Neurotic, Psychotic and Psycho-Somatic Disorders)

Suggested Readings1. E Diance, Rapila and Wendkos Olds, Sally, Human Development,

New York: McGraw Hill Book Company. 19782. Barbara Englen, Personality Theories, Boston: Houghton Mijjlin

Company, 19853. Calvin Hall, A Premier of Freudian Psychology, New York: New

American Library. 19734. Harold C. Waliach, Approaches to Child and Family Policy,

Colorado: West View Press. 1981

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5. Glenn R Hawkes, Behavior and Development from 5 to 12, London: Harper. 1969

PCS- Interpersonal and intergroup processes Cr.Hr: 03

Course DescriptionThe course is designed to enrich participants with all different levels of conflicts and human response to conflict in different situations. It focuses on group dynamics and interpersonal relations between human beings. The course is interdisciplinary in nature engaging all theoretical bases from Social Work, Psychology, Sociology and Anthropology. The participants are hoped to apply the knowledge learned to the inter-state relations and conflict resolutions.

Objectives To understand Individuals human beings actions and reactions in

groups and group dynamics To explore the processes of change in human behavior in

competitions based on reason, logic, and opposition through arguments, violence and power dynamics

Course Contents 1. Cooperation and Competition2. Justice and Conflict3. Constructive controversy: The Value of Intellectual Opposition4. Trust, Trust Development, and Trust Repair5. Power and Conflict6. Communication and Conflict7. Language, Peace, and Conflict Resolution8. Inter group Conflict9. The PSDM Model: Integrating Problem Solving and Decision

Making in Conflict Resolution10. Gender Conflict and the Family

Suggested Readings 1. B. Hill, ‘An Analysis of Conflict Resolution Techniques: From

Problem- Solving Workshops to Theory’, Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 26, No.1, pp.139-156. 1982

2. C Mitchell, ‘Problem-Solving Exercises and Theories of Conflict Resolution’, in J. Sandole and H. van der Merve (eds). Conflict Resolution Theory and Practice: Integration and Application. Manchester: Manchester University Press. 1993

3. T Woodhouse, 'Improving the Good Instrument: Active Mediation and Conflict Resolution in the New World Order', Occasional Paper 24, Indian Ocean Center for Peace Studies, University of Western Australia. 1992

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4. C Mitchell, ‘Problem-Solving Exercises and Theories of Conflict Resolution’, in J. Sandole and H. van der Merve (eds). Conflict Resolution Theory and Practice: Integration and Application. Manchester: Manchester University Press. 1993

5. C.R. Mitchell, and M. Banks, Handbook of Conflict Resolution: the Analytic Problem-Solving Approach. London: Cassell. 1996

PCS- Research Methodology of Peace and Conflict studies

Cr.Hr: 03

Course DescriptionPeace and Conflict Studies is an inter-disciplinary subject needs special attention in training graduates for both qualitative and quantitative research methods and tools of data collection. This course is designed to enrich participants with social science research tools and different approaches of their applicability.

Objectives To help under-graduates students to understand how social

researchers investigate the social world and how they seek to gain systematic, reliable and valid knowledge especially in conflict zones.

This module will enable them to develop skill in the practice of independent researches in both peace and conflict situations with all individuals and institutions.

Course Contents1. Research Definition2. Families of Research; qualitative and Quantitative 3. Research Approaches; Action Research, case Study Methods,

experiments and surveys. 4. The Research Cycle/ Process/ Research Methodology.5. Research Methods and Research Methodology6. Research Strategy: Induction, deduction.7. How to select and Define your Research Topic8. Literature Review9. Research Designing10. Research techniques : tools of Data collection11. Gaining access to the field: covert Research and overt Researches12. Correspondence= (Questionnaire: Structure and formalities)13. Discussions = Interviews , Structured Interviews, Unstructured

and Semi-Structured Interviews, Focused Groups14. Participation and Observations, Advantages and Disadvantages of

Participation and Observation.15. Documents: Secondary Sources.16. Sampling Issues= Typology17. Some basic statistics= Measurement of Central Tendency

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18. Data Analysis./Tabulation19. Report Writing20. Bibliography and Referencing (Different Styles i.e. APA etc. )Suggested Readings 1. Isabelle Baszangar, & N Dodier, Ethnography: Relating the Parts

to the Whole in Qualitative Research: Theory, Method and Practice, London: Sage Publications. 1997

2. Howard Becker, “Problems of Inferences and Proof in Participant Observation,” In American Sociological Review Vol. 23.No.6. 1958

3. J. Bell, Doing your Research Project, London: Open University Press. 1987

4. N Blaikie, Designing Social Research: The Logic of Anticipation, Cambridge, 2000

5. Marry Anne Broklesby, and E Fisher, Livelihood Assessment Frame Work for WWF Training Workshop Peshawar, 2003

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PCS- Welfare system of Islam and contemporary studies of Peace and Conflict

Cr.Hr: 03

Course DescriptionThe course is designed to discuss various concepts and discourses in the subject of social welfare both in civil society and government sector, its progression at universal and domestic level, and past studies of social welfare system under the colonial period. It will also help the students understand the modern concept of social welfare, peace and conflict studies and polices of modern development. The religious madrassah System in Pakistan, its welfare system and linkage with Islamic dictates in revealed verses will be the prime focus of the course. Objectives The course will enable the students to understand the concept of

social welfare, its evolution at international and national level, and history of social welfare system under the colonial period.

It will also help the students understand the modern concept of social welfare, PEACE AND CONFLICT STUDIES and polices development.

Course Contents1. Definition and Related Concepts 2. Relationship between Social Welfare and Peace and Conflict

Studies3. Historical Development of Social Welfare in Pakistan4. Concept of Social Welfare in Islam5. Concept of Sovereignty in Islam 6. First Welfare State of Islam7. National Social Welfare Policies in Pakistan; a Critical Evaluation 8. Social Welfare Plans of 1955, 1988, and 1992 9. Social Welfare Policy 1994 10. Contemporary Social Protection Nets in Pakistan11. History of Welfare Development in UK12. Work House and Out Door Relief 13. Child Labor and Factory Legislation 14. Structure and Functions of Social Welfare Ministry/Departments in

Pakistan15. Economic System of Islam16. The Role of Zakat Department and Pakistan Bait ul mal in Poverty

Alleviation

Suggested Readings1. W.A Frieldlender, Concepts and Methods of Social Welfare, New

York: Practice Hall. 1957

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2. Government of Pakistan, Planning Commission of Pakistan, The Five Year Plan, MTDF (Medium Term Development Frame Work 2001-2011) Islamabad.

3. Mohammad Khalid, Welfare State: A Case Study of Pakistan, Karachi: Royal Book Co. 1967

4. Sherin Rehmatullah, Social Welfare in Pakistan, Karachi: Oxford University Press, Karachi. 2000

5. Pal Young, Mastering Social Welfare, London: Macmillan Press limited. 2001

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Post Graduate Degree (MS-Research) in Peace and Conflict Studies

Title MS in Peace and Conflict Studies

Duration 02 Year

Structure 04 Semester – 30 Credit Hours

No. of Courses 08Courses each of 3 Credit hours (total 24 Credit Hours)

Dissertation 06 Credit hours of dissertation

Course Design Four courses of 3 credit hours each to be offered in two semesters. Third and fourth semesters have to be focused on research writing. In Third semester the student shall all write their research proposals. In the final semester 06 credit hours research report need to be produced and presented.

Exam Structure First and third Monthly Tests having a total of 10% weight, each test counted as 5 % for grading based on MCQs/Quizes, A mid Term exam of 30% at the mid of course and one comprehensive exam at the end of semester in each course counted as 50% weight in total grading.

Assignments, Class Participation, Presentation, Attendance and Behavior are to be given 10% credit in total evaluation or grading in any course.

Exam Per Subject One Mid Term Test, One Assignment and One Comprehensive Exam beside a solo Seminar/Dialogue on each course. For

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Research/ Dissertation, the evaluation is fragmented into Report, external Examiner, review of two peers and editor’s report on publication all having 25% credit in grading for the course.

Seminar / Dialogue Weekly Seminar/Dialogues

Attendance Minimum 70% to be eligible for Exam in mid-term test and overall 75% for comprehensive exams in each semester.

Target Participants Entry to the program is at completion of 16 years of Education both after MA/MSc or BS 4 Years program.

Nature of Program This is to be credited as 33 Credit hours Post-graduate Degree granted after completion of 18 years of Education. Not more than half credits can be transferred to other MS leading to PhD Programs in any University or Institution of Higher Education in Pakistan or abroad if otherwise not restricted by their local laws for the purpose.

Nature of Grading The grading is to be projected in the following manner

“F” for Fail below 45 percent marks,

“G” for Good Passed with marks up to 60 %,

“VG” for Very Good Passed with marks up to 80 %

“E” for Excellent Passed with distinction or above 80%

The grading shall not be mentioned in scores or

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percentages against each course or program. A total CGPA is however to be counted and given in detailed Transcript on successful completion of the degree.

The students will study Nine courses, three courses in each semester. They must study Six core courses, two in each semester. They can select Three Optional courses one in each semester from the courses offered to complete their coursework for MS/(Honors) in Peace and Conflict Studies (33credit hours). The final semester has to focused on research write up and presentations.

For those having BS- 4 years in Peace and Conflict Studies the number of optional courses will get reduced to 4 courses instead of 6 courses in first three semesters (total 12 credit hours discount)

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1.1 SCHEME OF STUDIES-MS (RESEARCH) IN PEACE AND CONFLICT STUDIES (TWO YEAR)

Course Code

Nature of Course

Name of Subject Credits Hours

PCS-711 Major Conflict Analysis and Mapping 03

PCS-712 Major Introduction to Conflict Research 03PCS-713 Major Natural Resource Management &

Related Conflict 03

PCS-714 Major Conflict Resolution Mechanisms 03PCS-715 Major War Economy and Conflict Trap 03PCS-716 Major Conflict, Culture and Gender 03PCS-717 Major Theories of Peace and Conflict 03PCS-718 Major Statistical Tools in Social Research 03PCS-719 Major Peace Building and Post Conflict

Development03

PCS-720 Major Economy in Conflict Zones PCS-721 Major Liberal Perspectives on Peace

Building03

PCS-722 Major Indigenous Processes of Peace Building

03

PCS-723 Major World Conflict Fault lines 03PCS-724 Major Conflict, Security and Development 03PCS-725 Major Qualitative Analysis in Conflict and

Peace Research03

PCS-727 Major Problems and Prospects for Pakistan in Region

03

PCS-728 Major Planning Research and Designing Field Plan

03

PCS-729 Major Seminar-Critical Peer Analysis of Research Plan

03

PCS-811 Major Contemporary World Conflicts and Applied Theories

03

PCS-812 Major Research Ethics and Issues of Conflict Research

03

PCS-813 Major Theories of Globalization 03PCS-814 Major Religion, Interfaith Harmony and

Islam 03

PCS-815 Major Clash of Civilizations 03PCS 822 Major Field Work in Conflict Zones 03PCS 823 Major Terrorism and International

Humanitarian Law 03

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1.2 COMPLETE COURSE DESCRIPTIONS

PCS-711 Conflict Analysis and Mapping Cr.Hr 03

This course examines the origins of social conflict, exploring the interpersonal, community, and large-scale intergroup conflicts. It also seeks to provide the frameworks for constructive intervention in conflict settings.

Objectives The course enables the learners to; analyze a conflict, be able to

explore the contextual factors that influence conflict. To equip with the conflict resolution techniques and understand the

use of complexity of a wide variety of contemporary conflicts with mapping abilities of conflict zones, and also part of the course.

Course Contents1. Introduction to conflict analysis and resolution2. It explains the practices and strategies required to address conflict

or conflict like situation. 3. Conflict Resolution Mapping4. Social Mapping (Techniques, Importance, GPRS Readings and

ToolsSuggested Readings1. H.Assefa, & P.Wahrhaftig, “The Move Crisis in Philadelphia,”

Extremist Groups and Conflict Resolution. 19902. M.Deutsch, P. T Coleman, & E. C Marcus, (Eds.) The handbook of

conflict resolution: Theory and practice, John Wiley & Sons. 20113. J. P Lederach, Building peace: Sustainable reconciliation in

divided societies, Washington DC, 4. 1997 4. E Azar, The Management of Protracted Social Conflict: Theory and

Cases. Aldershot: Dartmouth. 19905. E. Azar, and J. Burton, International Conflict Resolution: Theory

and Practice. Brighton: Wheatsheaf. 1986

PCS-712 Introduction to Conflict Researc Cr.Hr 03Independent credible conflict research has to be backed with strong empirical data collection methods. This course enables the students to understand research methodologies and the intricacies involved in conflict settings.

Objectives The course introduces students to the philosophies behind social

science research and the methods for conducting research in the field of conflict resolution.

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It focuses on the identification of research problems associated with particular conflict situations, selection of appropriate research methods, strategies and the design of effective research projects.

Course Contents 1. Philosophies behind social science research 2. Methods for conducting research in the field of conflict resolution

Challenges in undertaking conflict research.3. The Ethics of field research4. Data collection and data analysis techniques in social science

research.5. Identification of research problems associated with particular

conflict situations, selection of appropriate research methods, and the research design of effective research projects.

Suggested Readings1. Earl Babbie, The Practice of Social Research, New York:

Wadsworth, Cengage Learning. 2010. pp. 1-28. Online: http://www.cengagebrain.com/content/9781133794882.pdf

2. J. W. Creswell, Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications, 2013.

3. I. A Kira, T.Templin, L.Lewandowski, D. Clifford, P.Wiencek, A. Hammad & A. M Al-haidar, “The effects of torture: Two community studies”,  Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 12(3), 205, 2006

4. C.Robson, Real world research, UK: Wiley. 20115. T Litvak-Hirsch, D Bar-On, & J. Chaitin, “Whose House is This?

Dilemmas of Identity Construction in the Israeli-Palestinian Context,” Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 9(2), 127 2003.

PCS - 713 Natural Resource Management and Cr.Hr 03Related Conflicts

Course Description The next century is projected to be century of war on natural resources and most of world conflicts, wars and peacebuilding efforts would be surrounded by the issues of natural resources, its scarcity or conflict on its ownership in different regions of the world. Water resource is considered to be the major issue. This course enables the participants to get sensitized on how it is to be done and why it is important to have natural resources management done in due course of time efficiently to avoid conflicts.

Objectives

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What is NRM How negligence in NRM leads to conflicts and Wars The link between Violence, Wars and Natural Resources Peacebuilding through Natural Resource Management

Course Contents 1. Introduction to the Concept of NRM2. Basic Concepts of NRM and its Dimensions3. Resource Curses and Resource Conflicts4. Local Issues in Natural Resource Area with Development5. National Interests and Local Interests in Conflict on NRM6. Natural Resource Scarcity and Conflict-National and International

Perspective7. Local, National and International Priorities and Conflict of Interest

on Natural Resources8. Conflict Management and Conflict Transformation to Development

Suggested Readings1. P.Collier, “Rebellion as Quasi-Criminal Activity,” Journal of Conflict

Resolution, Vol. 44, 839-853. 2000.2. P.Collier, and A. Hoeffler, “On Economic Causes of Civil War,”

Oxford Economic Papers, Vol. 50, 563-573. 19983. B. Derman, R. Odgaard, and E. Sjaastad, “Introduction”, Conflicts

over Land and Water in Africa, Oxford: James Currey. 20074. T. F. Homer-Dixon, “On the Threshold: Environmental Changes as

Causes of Acute Conflict,” International Security, Vol. 16, 76-116. 1991.

5. Homer-Dixon, T. F. 1994. “Environmental Scarcities and Violent Conflict: Evidence from Cases,” International Security, Vol. 19, 1-40.

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PCS-714 Conflict Resolution Mechanisms Cr.Hr 03

The course seeks to give a firm understanding of conflict resolution mechanisms within the area of peace and conflict studies.

Objectives The purpose of the course is to introduce students about the

issues of conflict resolution and management. In addition it offers an intersection of theory and practice, with

special focus to the challenges of adaptation, and different approaches and mechanisms to resolve conflicts.

Course Contents 1. Issues in conflict resolution and management 2. Introduction of innovative practices within conflict settings3. Intersects theory and practice in relation to conflict resolution.4. Strategies to bring warring parties to negotiations.5. Different approaches/mechanisms to resolve conflicts.

Suggested Readings1. A. Abdalla, “Principles of Islamic interpersonal conflict intervention:

a search within Islam and western literature,” Journal of law and religion, 15, 151-184. 2001

2. M. Abu-Nimer, “Conflict resolution training in the Middle East: Lessons to be learned,” International Negotiation, 3(1), 99-116. 1998

3. J. S. Docherty, The little book of strategic negotiation: Negotiating during turbulent times, Good Books. 2005

4. R. S. Kraybill, A. F. Evans, & R. A. Evans, Peace skills: A manual for community mediators, Jossey-Bass. 2001

5. J.P. Ledarch & Moomaw Jan, Into The Eye Of The Storm: A Handbook Of International Peacebuilding, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. 2002

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PCS-715 War Economy and Conflict Trap Cr.Hr 03

This course investigates the key questions related to the challenges of war and peace building in contemporary times. In addition it looks at structures and the dynamics that drive existing civil wars and how the nature of civil war shapes the prospects for and process of peace building.

Objectives The purpose of the course is to develop understandings of the

challenges associated with war economies and conflict traps. In addition it will explore the dynamics that drive contemporary civil wars and how civil wars shape the prospects for and processes of peace building.

Course Contents 1. Introduction to economic challenges of war and peace building2. The economic motivations and triggers during chronic conflict3. The nature of civil war and analysis of peace process for peace

building4. Rebel recruitment and retention in war economies5. War economies and conflict traps

Suggested Readings1. D. L Horowitz, “Structure and Strategy in Ethnic Conflict: A Few

Steps toward Synthesis,” in B. Pleskovic and J. E. Stiglitz (eds.), Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics, 1998

2. D Jung, “A Political Economy of Intra-State War: Confronting a Paradox,” in D. Jung (ed.), Shadow Globalization, Ethnic Conflicts, and New Wars, London: Routledge. 2003

3. K. Marten, Warlords: Strong-arm brokers in weak states, Cornell University Press. 2012

4. Andreas Wimmer, Waves of War: Nationalism, State Formation, and Ethnic Exclusion in the Modern World, New York: Cambridge University Press. 2013

5. I. William Zarman (eds.), Rethinking the Economics of War: The Intersection of Need, Creed, and Greed, Washington D. C.: Woodrow Wilson Center Press and John Hopkins University Press.

PCS-716 Conflict, Culture and Gender Cr.Hr 03This course looks at how cultural and gender considerations influence conflict affected settings. Gender issues are often outcome of the conflict and chronic conflict settings.

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Objectives The students who take this course will develop a greater

understanding of deeply rooted, intractable, or protracted social conflicts in relation to identity, ethnicity, religion, and gender.

In addition it examines how gender roles are constructed during conflicts and how they are affected by power dynamics during conflicts.

Course Contents 1. Introduction to gender and conflict 2. Introduction to gender and culture 3. Introduction to social conflicts, identity and ethnicity.4. Constructions of gender based power dynamics in conflict5. Cultural connotations of masculinities and conflict incidence

Suggested Readings1. R. D Ashmore, L., Jussim, & D. Wilder,  Social identity, intergroup

conflict, and conflict reduction, Oxford University Press. 20012. I.Beah,  A long way gone: Memoirs of a boy soldier. Macmillan.

20073. S. I Cheldelin, & M. Eliatamby (Eds.), Women waging war and

peace: International perspectives of women's roles in conflict and post-conflict reconstruction, A&C Black. 2011

4. K. V. Korostelina,  Social identity and conflict: Structures, dynamics, and implications. Macmillan. 2007

5. M. H. Ross, Cultural contestation in ethnic conflict. Cambridge University Press. 2007

PCS-717 Theories of Conflict and Peace Cr.Hr 03

Conflicts is a common phenomenon and can be found everywhere this can be traced to family level, at a workplace, within and between societies or states. This course explores the various assumptions behind conflicts. It considers both the positive and critical aspects of conflict and peace theoretical perspectives.

Objectives After taking this course students will be able to utilize critical

thinking and analytical skills to begin an in-depth analysis of the major theories of conflict and conflict resolution.

Theories and case studies covered during the course will include root causes and dynamics of conflict, and methods of conflict

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analysis and resolution. In addition, issues in relation to conflict and peace including motivations and causations will be covered.

Course Contents 1. Introduction to theories of conflict and peace2. Critical aspects of peace and conflict theories3. Motivational factors of conflict4. Root causes and dynamics of conflict5. Application of conflict theories in relation to peace building

Suggested Readings1. M. D Collins, “Transcending dualistic thinking in conflict resolution,”

Negotiation Journal, 21(2), 263-280. 20052. A. De Reuck, “A theory of conflict resolution by problem-solving,”

Conflict: Readings in management and resolution (pp. 183-198). Palgrave Macmillan UK. 1990

3. J.Demmers, Theories of violent conflict: An introduction. Routledge. 2012

4. S. MartÍnez, Intimate Enemies: Violence and Reconciliation in Peru. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2013

5. Oliver Richmond, A Post-Liberal Peace. New York: Routledge. 2011

PCS-718 Statistical Tools in Conflict Research Cr.Hr 03

Application of appropriate statistical tools is important for the validity and reliability of conflict research. This course looks into statistical tool for conducting research in conflict. Objectives Students will receive an orientation on study design, data

collection, data analysis and data interpretation. It will also enable students to identify research problems, and formulate research questions and hypotheses.

In addition students will be able to develop conceptual tools necessary to design and assess empirical research studies, and the technical and basic computer skills necessary to conduct statistical research.

Course Contents 1. Introduction to study design, data collection and measurement.2. Introduction to Quantitative statistical tools3. Introduction to SPSS

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4. Challenges in conflict research

Suggested Readings1. Introduction to SPSS Manual.

http://www.uvm.edu/~dhowell/fundamentals7/SPSSManual/SPSSLongerManual/SPSSChapter1.pdf

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PCS-719 Peace Building and Post Conflict Cr.Hr 03Development

This course examine the issues related to peace building and post-conflict development.

Objectives Students who graduate this course will be able to examine the

relationships between processes of political and economic change and conflict; the relationship between democratization and conflict; the relationship between structural adjustment policies and conflict; and finally the challenges of post-conflict reconstruction and rebuilding.

Course Contents1. Peace Making in Theory and in Practice2. Conflict and Post-Conflict Development: An Introduction to Key

Issues3. Economic relationships and conflict incidence.4. Building peace in the aftermath of conflicts

Suggested Readings1. M., Berdal, & , D. M Malone, Greed and grievance. Economic

Agendas in Civil Wars. Boulder/CO: Lynne Rienner. 20002. P.Collier, and A. Hoeffler. “On Economic Causes of Civil War,”

Oxford Economic Papers, Vol. 50, 563-573. 19983. James D. Fearon and David D. Laitin, "Ethnicity, Insurgency, and

Civil War," American Political Science Review, 2002, http://www.yale.edu/irspeakers/

4. I. William Zartman (eds.), Rethinking the Economics of War: The Intersection of Need, Creed, and Greed, Washington, D. C.: Woodrow Wilson Center Press and John Hopkins University Press.

5. I. W. Zartman, Need, creed, and greed in intrastate conflict. Rethinking the economics of war: The intersection of need, creed, and greed, 256-284. 2005

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PCS-721 Liberal Perspectives on Peace Building Cr.Hr 03

This course is intended for those students who are interested in theoretical and practical approaches towards liberal peace building and state-building. The course examines ideas and debates about the causes, contexts, dynamics and characterizations of peace making, the history and reasons behind liberalism, peacemaking in theory and practice. The final part explores critical engagements with the range of international responses to conflict associated in relation to practices of liberal peace building and state building.

Objectives Upon graduating this course, students will develop an

understanding for contemporary peace building, state building with an emphasis on liberal based initiatives.

Course Contents 1. Peace Making Theory and Practice2. The history and reasons behind liberalism3. The liberal peace and its application in conflict ridden contexts

Suggested Readings1. David Chandler, International State building: The Rise of Post-

Liberal Governance, Routledge. 20102. Duffield Mark, Development, Security and Unending War, Polity

Press 2007.3. O. Richmond, A Post-Liberal Peace, London: Routledge. 20114. O. Richmond, and J. Franks, Liberal Peace Transitions. Edinburgh:

Edinburgh University Press. 20095. O.Richmond,‘Resistance and the Post-liberal Peace’. Millennium:

Journal of International Studies,38(3):665-692. 2010.

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PCS-722 Indigenous Processes of Peace Building Cr.Hr 03

This course explores indigenous processes of peace making and peace building. Internal factors and initiatives are generally taken as being more receptive and grounded towards building lasting peace in situations of conflicts and instabilities.

Objectives The objective of the course is to orient students with indigenous

and local processes of peace building. The course will deal with the relative successfulness of these initiatives and how they are often more suited towards conflict resolution and peace building.

Course Contents 1. Introduction to indigenous peacemaking and peace building

initiatives.2. Indigenous as opposed to imposed peace building initiatives3. Success of indigenous peace building processes4. Introduction to Pakhtun conflict resolution and peace building. 5. Role of indigenous peace building mechanisms in negotiating and

reducing conflict incidence.

Suggested Readings1. Dr. Mumtaz Bangash,. “Jirga; Speedy Justice of Elders.” Khyber.

http://www.khyber.org/culture/jirga/jirgas.shtml. “Between the Jirga and the Judge: Alternative Dispute Resolution in Southeastern Afghanistan.” The Liaison Office., USIP. 2011, www.usip.org/files/file/jirga.

2. Charles Webel and Johan Galtung. Handbook of Peace and Conflict Studies, London, New York: Routledge.2009

3. Kashif Saeed Khan, “Pakhtun Portraits: Questioning Mainstream Discourses in Post 9/11 Pakistan,” Conflict, Security and Development (under Revision). 2013

4. Ismail Khan, “History and Origin of Pashtun (Pakhtoon)”, Swatian, 2011, http://www.swatian.com/history/pashtun_history.html.

5. Hassan M Yousufzai, and Ali Gohar, “Towards Understanding Pukhtoon Jirga:An indigenous way of peace building and more”, Peshawar: Just Peace International. 2005

PCS-723 World Conflict Fault Lines Cr.Hr 03

Conflict is common phenomenon in society. There are conflict of different nature is an annoyance, such as arguments with a sibling; while other are about the it is tragic, as in events in Ukraine, Gaza, and Iraq.

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Conflict can be defined as destructive or constructive, for example, when it damages relationships among neighbors or relatives or destroys homes and livelihoods. When it is to achieve any goal than it is constructive.

Objectives Students who graduate the course will learn about contemporary

global conflict fault lines. The incidence and trends of conflicts taking place in developing countries and the inter-relationships between violence, power and external interventions in conflict settings.

Course Contents 1. Incidence and trends of global conflicts2. Role of Power, Greed and Grievance in contemporary conflict

incidence3. Conflicts in the Middle East4. Conflicts in developing countries5. Conflicts in the Caucasus

Suggested Readings1. Hizkias Assefa, and Paul Wahrhaftig, The Move Crisis in

Philadelphia: Extremist Groups and Conflict Resolution. Pittsburg: The University of Pittsburg Press, 1990.

2. Feargal Cochrane, “Third-Party Intervention,” Ending Wars. Cambridge and Malden: Polity Press, 39-69. (ER) 2008.

3. J. S. Goldstein, Winning the war on war: The decline of armed conflict worldwide. Penguin. 2011

4. C. Nordstrom, Shadows of war: Violence, power, and international profiteering in the twenty-first century (Vol. 10). University of California Press. 2004

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PCS-725 Qualitative Analysis in Conflict and Peace Cr.Hr 03

Research

This course will explore qualitative research design and methodologies. The course deals with different qualitative methodologies and examines how researchers prepare their research designs; what methods they choose and to answer research questions; and what are the scope and limitations of each methodology.

Objectives The objectives of the course is to develop understanding of

preparing a frame a research project. It also explains the design qualitative research strategies in conflict settings.

Qualitative methodologies are from different other challenges of conducting research across conflict torn societies? Also what are the ethical challenges of conducting research in conflict zones are also part of the course.

Course Contents 1. Thematic analysis of conflict and peace related issues different

and perspectives2. Coding data in conflict contexts3. Data validity, reliability and attributions in conflict contexts4. Field Research in Conflict and Post-Conflict Settings5. Mixed Method Approaches6. Ethnographic Approaches7. Case Selection8. Ethnography9. Participant/ non participant Observation10. Ethics of Field Work

Suggested Readings1. Alexander L. George and Andrew Bennett, Case Studies and

Theory Development in the Social Sciences, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2005

2. Bent Flyvbjerg, “Five Misunderstandings About Case-Study Research,” Qualitative Inquiry, 12:2, April 2006: 219-245

3. Allaine Cerwonka, and Liisa Malkki, Improvising Theory: Process and Temporality in Ethnographic Fieldwork. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007

4. Gary King, Robert O. Keohane and Sidney Verba, Designing SocialInquiry: Scientific Inference in Qualitative Research, Princeton: Princeton UniversityPress, 1994: 3-33

5. Gristine Hoglund and Magnus Oberg, (eds), Understanding Peace

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Research: Methods and Challenges, London: Routledge, 2011

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PCS-727 Problems & Prospects for Pakistan in Cr.Hr 03

Region (Optional)

The course deals with the problems and prospects of Pakistan in relation to its geographical realities, identities and the contemporary socio-political conflicts at regional level Pakistan faces currently, being a state heterogeneous population Pakistan is confronted with various scales of problems with low and high intensity. Successful dealing with these problems and opportunities can lead to multi scale prospects for Pakistan.

Objectives This course will develop an understanding of the contemporary

problems and prospects related to Pakistan. It is to deal with issues such as terrorism, extremism, ethnicity, ethnic conflict and fragmentation of the society.

Course Contents 1. Pakistan’s socio-political realities2. Challenges and issues in contemporary Pakistan.3. Provincial identities and sub-conflicts in Pakistan.4. Ethnic, social and religious dimensions of conflicts.5. Challenges of terrorism and extremism to Pakistan since 9/11.6. The Population Explosion (Causes, Effects and its Remedies).7. Poverty (Causes, Poverty Alleviation and Remedies).8. Regional issues and Pakistan in the region.9. Cooperation and conflict of Pakistan with neighboring countries.10. Areas of disagreement and contestations with neighbours.

Suggested Readings1. Abdul Hamed Taga, Sociology and Social Problems, Lahore:

Abdul Hameed and Sons publishers Lahore. 19982. Tariq Ali, The Duel: Pakistan on the Flight Path of American

Power. Simon and Schuster, London. 20083. Botteron. (Eds.), Pakistan, Karachi: Oxford University Press.

20054. Gulshan Majeed, Ethnicity and Ethnic Conflict in Pakistan, Journal

of Political Studies, 1 (2): 51-63 20105. Paul B Horton, & Gerald R. Leslie, The Sociology of Social

Problems, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs. 1978

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PCS-728 Planning Research and Designing Cr.Hr 03Field Plan

This course intends to orient students with how to plan and design their field research plan.It aims to provide a link between general methodological principles and challenges, and the use of specific methods and approaches in a research project. In contrast to mono-disciplinary research in traditional academic disciplines, where methods of data collection are often given, in peace and conflict studies the methodological choices in a research project do not have standardized answers.

Objectives The objective of this course in research methodology is to provide

course participants with a basic understanding of some of the key challenges of research design in peace and conflict studies, with an emphasis on the use of qualitative research methods.

The challenges of research design in peace and conflict studies are typically those of an interdisciplinary field.

Course participants will get a better understanding of the relationship between theoretical perspectives and research methodology and a clearer idea of how to develop their own research designs for an MS project.

Course Contents 1. Methodological challenges andchoices in research design2. Basic conceptsof research designs3. Case studies4. Basic theoretical assumptions and units of research: Actors and

institutions 5. Data design, methodologies and research approaches6. Qualitative research, Case study as a research method7. Quantitative research techniques8. Linear connections between research methods and Data collection 9. An introduction to the use of case studies 10. Fieldwork and participant observation: Data collection processes 11. Practical fieldwork challenges

Suggested Readings1. Bent Flyvbjerg, “Five Misunderstandings About Case-Study

Research,” Qualitative Inquiry, 12:2, April 2006: 219-245 (on Blackboard)

2. R. Boudon, Theories of social change: A critical appraisal. Cambridge: Polity Press. (Ch. 2) 1991

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3. M.Crotty, The Foundations of Social Research: Meaning and perspective in the research process. (Ch. 1: Introduction). Thousand Oakes: SAGE Publications, 1998

4. M. Douglas, How Institutions Think, Syracuse & NY: Syracuse University Press. 1986.

5. J. Elster, Explaining Social Behaviour: More Nuts and Bolts for the Social Sciences. 2007

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PCS-729 Seminar-Critical Peer Analysis of Research Cr.Hr 03Plan

The course offers an opportunity for critical peer analysis between MS students in addressing the relationship between epistemology, theoretical perspectives, research questions, and tools of data collection and analysis. In the use of research methodology, the course will specifically aim to orient and equip students on: case studies, ethnographic fieldwork, and qualitative interviews.

Objectives Participants will have the opportunity to present basic elements in

their own research design and discuss methodological choices and challenges in smaller groups.

Course participants will be challenged to think more systematically on how they choose and define units (e.g. actors and institutions) and methods (or tools) of data collection.

Course Contents 1. Discussing different student/peer research plans 2. Participants briefly present own projects, Participants - discussion

based on preliminary paper 3. After fieldwork: Experiences with the Former Course

operationalization of a research design participants 4. Peer review sessions - Participants (Groups) 5. Qualitative interviewing6. Challenges of inter-disciplinary, participatory and critical

approaches Participants (Groups)

Suggested Readings1. Flyvbjerg Bent, “Five Misunderstandings About Case-Study

Research,” QualitativeInquiry, 12:2, April 2006: 219-245 2. G.Berge & N. Powell, “Reflections on interdisciplinary research,”

SUM Working Paper, Centre for Development and the Environment, University of Oslo. 1997

3. M. Bevir, “How narratives explain,” in D. Yanow, and P. Schwarz-Shea (eds.), Interpretation and method: Empirical research methods and the interpretive turn, Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe. 2006

4. R.F Ellen, Ethnographic Research: A guide to general conduct, London: Academic Press. 1993

5. A. Fontana, & J.H. Frey, “The Interview: From Structured Questions to Negotiated Text,” in N.K Denzin, and Y.S. Lincoln (eds), Handbook of Qualitative Research, Thousand Oakes, London, New Dehli: Sage Publications. 2000

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PCS-811 Contemporary World Conflicts and Applied Cr.Hr 03

Theories

The course provides an overview of contemporary world conflicts and details the different applied theoretical perspectives in relation to conflict and peace building. The introductory part looks at deep-rooted, protracted, or intractable ones, conflicts which are entangled with issues of ethnicity, race, religion, nationalism and matters of identity. Thus the course examines a range of issues in the field, including the sources and dynamics of social conflict and different approaches to its management, resolution, transformation, and what is today called peace building. The latter part details different theoretical perspectives on the related themes. In addition examples from different conflict zones are provided for an in-depth study of the cases.

Objectives Students who graduate the course will learn about applied theories

contemporary global conflict fault zones. The incidence and trends of conflicts taking place in developing

countries and the interrelationships between violence, power and external interventions in conflict settings.

Course Contents 1. Incidence and trends of global conflicts2. Key Ideas in Role of Power, Greed and Grievance in contemporary

conflict incidence3. Sources of Conflict-I: Persons and Identities4. Sources of Conflict-II: States and Systems5. Conflict Dynamics6. Conflicts in the Middle East7. Conflicts in developing countries8. Conflicts in the Caucasus

Suggested Readings1. Joshua S Goldstein, Winning the War: The Decline of Conflict

Worldwide, New York: Penguin, 20112. Kevin Avruch, Context and Pretext in Conflict Resolution: Culture,

Identity, Power and Practice (marked as C&P)3. Carolyn Nordstrom, Shadows of War: Violence, Power, and

International Profiteering in the Twenty-First Century, Berkeley: University of California Press. 2004.

4. Oliver Ramsbotham, T. Woodhouse & H. Miall, Contemporary Conflict Resolution.

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5. Roger Fisher, W. Ury and B. Patton, Getting to Yes (revised ed., 1991)

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PCS-812 Research Ethics and Issues of Conflict Cr.Hr 03

Research

The course on ethics and issues of conflict research combines independent credible conflict research with sound research ethics. This course enables students to understand research methodologies and the intricacies involved in conflict settings.

Objectives The course introduces students to the philosophies behind social

science research, adherence to ethical values in the field and the methods for conducting research in the field of conflict and peace building.

It focuses on the identification of research problems associated with particular conflict situations, selection of appropriate research methods, and the design of effective conflict research projects.

Course Contents 1. Philosophies behind social science research 2. Methods for conducting research in the field of conflict resolution

Challenges in undertaking conflict research.3. The Ethics of field research4. Data collection and data analysis techniques in social science

research.5. Identification of research problems associated with particular

conflict situations, selection of appropriate research methods, and the design of effective research projects.

Suggested Readings1. Earl.Babbie, The Practice of Social Research, New York, NY:

Wadsworth, Cengage 20102. A. Chalmers, What is this thing called Science?, Open University

Press, Buckingham, 1999. 3. A. Collier, Critical Realism. An Introduction to Roy Bhaskar’s

Philosophy, London: Verso, 1994. 4. J. W. Creswell, Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and

Mixed Methods 20135. C. Geertz, “The Strange Estrangement: Taylor and Natural

Sciences.” In: J. Tully (ed.), Philosophy in an Age of Pluralism, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1994, 83-95.

PCS-813 Theories of Globalization Cr.Hr 03

The purpose of the course is to develop understandings of social

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movements and movements of mass protest – their causes, dynamics, and consequences – and the possibilities of resolving the conflicts that generate them non-violently.

Objectives Associated aims are to familiarize students with the ideas

generated by social movement theorists; to use these insights to deepen our understanding of serious social conflicts; to explore the implications of these theories for conflict resolution practice; and to do research, make presentations to the class, and write papers on topics of interest to the seminar.

Course Contents 1. The Theme of Globalization: Rhetoric and Realities, 2. Globalization Definition and History of Globalization3. Globalization and World Orders. 4. Types of Globalization.5. Overview of social movement theories6. Social and political revolutions7. Strategic and political issues

Suggested Readings1. “Occupy Movement Must Dump Failed Graeber-Anarchist

Leadership: Tarpley on Press TV,” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VOaPROnD-NY

2. Colin Ward, “Anarchism as a Theory of Organization,” http://www.panarchy.org/ward/organization.1966.html;

3. David Graeber, “The NewAnarachists,” New Left Review 13 (Jan-Feb 2002), http://newleftreview.org/II/13/david-graeber-the-new-anarchists

4. Richard E. Rubenstein, “What is Occupy? A Conflict Analysis Perspective,” in SCAR Newsletter. 6:1 (February, 2012), posted to S-CAR Community Forum

5. Norman Finkelstein, What Gandhi Says, OR Books. 2012.

PCS-814 Religion, Interfaith Harmony and Islam Cr.Hr 03

The module develops an understanding of religion its role in interfaith harmony generally and then it orients with the Islamic context in particular.

Objectives The course will enable the students to understand how religion and

conflict often inter-mix and whether it creates a series of

94

contestations or overlaps leading to interfaith harmonies and avenues of peace making.

It further orients the students with the role Islam has historically played in relation to inter-faith harmony and peace making.

Course Contents 1. The Concept of religion and interfaith harmony2. Religionandcommunalconflict3. Religiousdoctrinesandviolence:4. Newtheoriesofreligionandviolence5. Religion,politics,andthe state:6. Religionand inter-faith harmony7. Islamic Culture & Civilization8. Islamic Economic System9. The role of Islam in interfaith harmony10. Social System of Islam

Suggested Readings1. Ahmad Hasan, Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence, Islamabad :

Islamic Research, Institute, Inter National Islamic University, 19932. Philip J Broadhead,. and Damien V Keown,.. Can Faiths Make

Peace? Holy Wars and the Resolution of Religious Conflicts. I.B.Tauris. 2006

3. H.S. Bhatia, Studies in Islamic Law, Religion and Society, New Delhi: Deep & Deep, 1989

4. Hameed ullah, Muhammad (nd). Emergence of Islam, Islamabad: Islamic Research Institute.

5. H. H Hussain, An Introduction to the Study of Islamic Law”, Islamabad: leaf Publication, 1992

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PCS-815 Clash of Civilizations Cr.Hr 03

Articles by Bernard Lewis and Samuel Huntington in 1990s, argued that future conflicts might constitute a “clash of civilizations.” The events of September 11 led to renewed interest in their writings. Indeed, 9/11 marked an historical watershed for the United States, the Arab and Islamic worlds, and for everyone interested in global politics, diplomacy, law, civil liberties, economics, terrorism, military science, and the future.

Objectives The aims and objectives of this course is to familiarize participants

with the philosophical roots of different world civilizations and how they impact the international challenges facing contemporary Islamic and the western world.

This course will explore these issues through an interdisciplinary approach examining issues from historical, theological, political, philosophical, psychological, geographical, and cultural perspectives.

Course Contents 1. Clash of Civilizations and introduction 2. Samuel Huntington, ‘The clash of civilizations’3. Critique of clash of civilizations i.e. ‘The clash of ignorance’4. 9/11 and post 9/11 polarization in the world5. The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan – hatred, terrorism and violence6. The role of Religion, economics, identity and violence 7. Critical analysis of the trends of the theory: clash of civilizations

Suggested Readings1. Benjamin R Barber, Jihad vs Modern World, New York: Crown

Publications. 19952. Barry Rubin and Judith Rubin, Anti-American Terrorism and

the Middle East: A Documentary Reader (Oxford)3. Tony Blankley, The West's Last Chance: Will We Win the Clash of

Civilizations?, Washington, D.C., Regnery Publishing, Inc. 20054. F.S.C. Northrop, The Meeting of East and West: An Inquiry

Concerning World Understanding (Macmillan/Ox Bow).5. Lee Harris, Civilization and Its Enemies: The Next Stage of History,

New York, The Free Press, 2004 

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PCS - 822 Field Work in Conflict Zones Cr.Hr 03The course is designed to give scholars the opportunity to discover the range of actors and organizations in the field of conflict resolution and to reflect on the possibilities and constraints that shape professional engagement in real world conflicts. In this course, students will also be encouraged to think about themselves as actors and build upon their knowledge, skills, and abilities. Moreover it assists students to fill in gaps in the field and to for comprehensive field work.

Objectives This course will impart skills requisite for field work, the objective is

to analyze contemporary conflicts, reflecting critically upon case studies of conflicts, and presenting individual research plans for prospective student’s field research.

The objective is to allow for a firm grounding in integration of theory, research and practice, which the scholars are to apply and construct specific to their researches in relation to conflicts and conflict interventions and peace building.

Course Contents 1. Challenges in undertaking conflict research2. Challenges in data collection3. Data collection and data analysis techniques in social science

research.4. Identification of research problems associated with particular

conflict situations, selection of appropriate research methods5. The design of effective conflict research projects.6. Data validity, reliability and attributions in conflict contexts

Suggested Readings1. Earl Babbie,. The Practice of Social Research, New York:

Wadsworth, Cengage Learning, 2010. pp. 1-28. Online: http://www.cengagebrain.com/content/9781133794882.pdf

2. J. W Creswell, Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches, Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications, 2013.

3. Ibrahim Kira, Thomas Templin, et al, “Effects of Torture: Two Community Studies,” Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, Volume: 12 Number: 3 Sept, 2006. Page(s): 205-228.

4. Colin. Robson, Real World Research. 3rd Edition. John Wiley & Sons. 2011

5. Tal Litvak-Hirsch, et. al., “Whose House is this? Dilemmas of Identity Construction n in the Israeli-Palestinian Context” Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 9 (2): 127-148.

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1.3 THESE COURSES MAY BE INCLUDED IN THE LIST

S.No Course Code

Nature of the

Course

Course Title Credit hours

1. PCS-726 Major Post Conflict Rehabilitation

03

2. PCS-730 Major Civil Military Relation in Conflict Zone

03

3. PCS-731 Major Peace Movements and Activism

03

4. PCS-732 Major Culture and Peacebuilding

03

5. PCS-733 Major Seminar-Contemporary Issues of Peace and Conflict

03

6. PCS-734 Major Domestic Violence, Conflicts, Mitigation and Mediation

03

7. PCS-735 Major Ethnic Conflicts in Global Perspective

03

8. PCS-736 Major Non-State Actors in Peace and Conflicts

03

9. PCS 824 Major Urbanization and Conflict in Pakistan

03

9. PCS 823 Terrorism and International Humanitarian Law 03

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Recommendations

The Committee, after discussing the issues and problems of teaching and research in the subject of Peace and Conflict Studies, gave the following recommendations:

1. Peace and Conflict Studies is comparatively new subject, hence special efforts and encouragement of HEC is needed to popularize it.

2. In this regard HEC should arrange special training programs to train the young and newly recruited teachers in this discipline. It is suggested to send them for short term courses abroad.

3. HEC should provide special funds to hold the seminars, workshops and conferences;

4. HEC should facilitate in provision of funds for purchase of books/journals and sponsor special research projects in this field;

5. Universities should be encouraged and convinced to run the BS program in Peace and Conflict Studies on priority basis. Parallel to it the two years Master Program can be phased out gradually.

6. The universities may specially be requested to start this discipline as an elective subject of 200 marks in their constituent and affiliated colleges at BA/BSc level. To make it successful a special training workshop of 2-3 weeks must be arranged during the summer vacation under HEC faculty Development Program.

7. The discipline of Peace and Conflict Studies is closely related to International Relations, Political Science, Diplomatic/Defence and Strategic Studies, Sociology and other relevant disciplines. Therefore, it is recommended that HEC may notify its degree equivalent to the mentioned subjects at BS, MS/MPhil and PhD. It will be a great favor to this newly emerging discipline.

Further indigenous scholarships to the students enrolled in this program at all levels should also be offered generously for its development.

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ANNEXURE - A

English I (Functional English)

Objectives: Enhance language skills and develop critical thinking.

Course Contents

Basics of GrammarParts of speech and use of articlesSentence structure, active and passive voicePractice in unified sentenceAnalysis of phrase, clause and sentence structure Transitive and intransitive verbs Punctuation and spelling

ComprehensionAnswers to questions on a given text

DiscussionGeneral topics and every-day conversation (topics for discussion to be at the discretion of the teacher keeping in view the level of students)

ListeningTo be improved by showing documentaries/films carefully selected by subject teachers

Translation skillsUrdu to English

Paragraph writing Topics to be chosen at the discretion of the teacher

Presentation skillsIntroduction

Note: Extensive reading is required for vocabulary building

Recommended Books1. Functional Englisha) Grammar

1. Practical English Grammar by A. J. Thomson and A. V. Martinet. Exercises 1. Third edition. Oxford University Press. 1997. ISBN 0194313492

2. Practical English Grammar by A. J. Thomson and A. V. Martinet. Exercises 2. Third edition. Oxford University Press. 1997. ISBN 0194313506

b) Writing

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1. Writing. Intermediate by Marie-Christine Boutin, Suzanne Brinand and Francoise Grellet. Oxford Supplementary Skills. Fourth Impression 1993. ISBN 0 19 435405 7 Pages 20-27 and 35-41.

c) Reading/Comprehension1. Reading. Upper Intermediate. Brain Tomlinson and Rod

Ellis. Oxford Supplementary Skills. Third Impression 1992. ISBN 0 19 453402 2.

d) Speaking

English II (Communication Skills)

Objectives: Enable the students to meet their real life communication needs.

Course Contents

Paragraph writingPractice in writing a good, unified and coherent paragraph

Essay writingIntroduction

CV and job applicationTranslation skillsUrdu to English

Study skills Skimming and scanning, intensive and extensive, and speed reading, summary and précis writing and comprehension

Academic skills Letter/memo writing, minutes of meetings, use of library and internetPresentation skillsPersonality development (emphasis on content, style and pronunciation)

Note: documentaries to be shown for discussion and review

Recommended BooksCommunication Skillsa) Grammar

1. Practical English Grammar by A. J. Thomson and A. V. Martinet. Exercises 2. Third edition. Oxford University Press 1986. ISBN 0 19 431350 6.

b) Writing1. Writing. Intermediate by Marie-Christine Boutin, Suzanne

Brinand and Francoise Grellet. Oxford Supplementary Skills.

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Fourth Impression 1993. ISBN 019 435405 7 Pages 45-53 (note taking).

2. Writing. Upper-Intermediate by Rob Nolasco. Oxford Supplementary Skills. Fourth Impression 1992. ISBN 0 19 435406 5 (particularly good for writing memos, introduction to presentations, descriptive and argumentative writing).

c) Reading1. Reading. Advanced. Brian Tomlinson and Rod Ellis. Oxford

Supplementary Skills. Third Impression 1991. ISBN 0 19 453403 0.

2. Reading and Study Skills by John Langan3. Study Skills by Richard York.

English III (Technical Writing andPresentation Skills)

Objectives: Enhance language skills and develop critical thinking

Course Contents

Presentation skills

Essay writingDescriptive, narrative, discursive, argumentative

Academic writing How to write a proposal for research paper/term paper

How to write a research paper/term paper (emphasis on style, content, language, form, clarity, consistency)

Technical Report writing

Progress report writing

Note: Extensive reading is required for vocabulary building

Recommended Books

Technical Writing and Presentation Skills

a) Essay Writing and Academic Writing1. Writing. Advanced by Ron White. Oxford Supplementary

Skills. Third Impression 1992. ISBN 0 19 435407 3 (particularly suitable for discursive, descriptive, argumentative and report writing).

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2. College Writing Skills by John Langan. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. 2004.

3. Patterns of College Writing (4th edition) by Laurie G. Kirszner and Stephen R. Mandell. St. Martin’s Press.

b) Presentation Skillsc) Reading

The Mercury Reader. A Custom Publication. Compiled by Northern Illinois University. General Editors: Janice Neulib; Kathleen Shine Cain; Stephen Ruffus and Maurice Scharton. (A reader which will give students exposure to the best of twentieth century literature, without taxing the taste of engineering students).

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ANNEXURE - B

Pakistan Studies (Compulsory)

Introduction/Objectives Develop vision of historical perspective, government, politics,

contemporary Pakistan, ideological background of Pakistan. Study the process of governance, national development, issues

arising in the modern age and posing challenges to Pakistan.

Course Outline1. Historical Perspective

a. Ideological rationale with special reference to Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Allama Muhammad Iqbal and Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah.

b. Factors leading to Muslim separatism

c. People and Landi. Indus Civilizationii. Muslim adventiii. Location and geo-physical features.

2. Government and Politics in PakistanPolitical and constitutional phases:a. 1947-58b. 1958-71c. 1971-77d. 1977-88e. 1988-99f. 1999 onward

3. Contemporary Pakistana. Economic institutions and issuesb. Society and social structurec. Ethnicityd. Foreign policy of Pakistan and challengese. Futuristic outlook of Pakistan

Recommended Books1. Burki, Shahid Javed. State & Society in Pakistan, The MacMillan

Press Ltd 1980. 2. Akbar, S. Zaidi. Issue in Pakistan’s Economy. Karachi: Oxford

University Press, 2000.3. S. M. Burke and Lawrence Ziring. Pakistan’s Foreign policy: An

Historical analysis. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1993.

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4. Mehmood, Safdar. Pakistan Political Roots & Development. Lahore, 1994.

5. Wilcox, Wayne. The Emergence of Bangladesh, Washington: American Enterprise, Institute of Public Policy Research, 1972.

6. Mehmood, Safdar. Pakistan Kayyun Toota, Lahore: Idara-e-Saqafat-e-Islamia, Club Road, nd.

7. Amin, Tahir. Ethno - National Movement in Pakistan, Islamabad: Institute of Policy Studies, Islamabad.

8. Ziring, Lawrence. Enigma of Political Development. Kent England: Wm Dawson & sons Ltd, 1980.

9. Zahid, Ansar. History & Culture of Sindh. Karachi: Royal Book Company, 1980.

10. Afzal, M. Rafique. Political Parties in Pakistan, Vol. I, II & III. Islamabad: National Institute of Historical and cultural Research, 1998.

11. Sayeed, Khalid Bin. The Political System of Pakistan. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1967.

12. Aziz, K. K. Party, Politics in Pakistan, Islamabad: National Commission on Historical and Cultural Research, 1976.

13. Muhammad Waseem, Pakistan Under Martial Law, Lahore: Vanguard, 1987.

14. Haq, Noor ul. Making of Pakistan: The Military Perspective. Islamabad: National Commission on Historical and Cultural Research, 1993.

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ANNEXURE - CISLAMIC STUDIES

(Compulsory)Objectives

This course is aimed at:1 To provide Basic information about Islamic Studies2 To enhance understanding of the students regarding Islamic

Civilization3 To improve Students skill to perform prayers and other worships4 To enhance the skill of the students for understanding of issues

related to faith and religious life.

Detail of CoursesIntroduction to Quranic Studies1. Basic Concepts of Quran 2. History of Quran3. Uloom-ul-Quran

Study of Selected Text of Holly Quran1. Verses of Surah Al-Baqara Related to Faith(Verse No-284-286)2. Verses of Surah Al-Hujrat Related to Adab Al-Nabi (Verse No-1-

18)3. Verses of Surah Al-Mumanoon Related to Characteristics of

faithful (Verse No-1-11)4. Verses of Surah al-Furqan Related to Social Ethics (Verse No.63-

77)5. Verses of Surah Al-Inam Related to Ihkam (Verse No-152-154)

Study of Selected Text of Holly Quran1. Verses of Surah Al-Ihzab Related to Adab al-Nabi (Verse No.6, 21,

40, 56, 57, 58.)2. Verses of Surah Al-Hashar (18,19,20) Related to thinking, Day of

Judgment 3. Verses of Surah Al-Saf Related to Tafakar, Tadabar (Verse No-

1,14)

Seerat of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) I1. Life of Muhammad Bin Abdullah ( Before Prophet Hood)2. Life of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) in Makkah3. Important Lessons Derived from the life of Holy Prophet in

Makkah

Seerat of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) II1. Life of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) in Madina2. Important Events of Life Holy Prophet in Madina3. Important Lessons Derived from the life of Holy Prophet in

Madina

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Introduction to Sunnah1. Basic Concepts of Hadith 2. History of Hadith3. Kinds of Hadith4. Uloom –ul-Hadith5. Sunnah & Hadith 6. Legal Position of Sunnah

Selected Study from Text of Hadith

Introduction to Islamic Law & Jurisprudence 1. Basic Concepts of Islamic Law & Jurisprudence2. History & Importance of Islamic Law & Jurisprudence3. Sources of Islamic Law & Jurisprudence4. Nature of Differences in Islamic Law5. Islam and Sectarianism

Islamic Culture & Civilization1. Basic Concepts of Islamic Culture & Civilization2. Historical Development of Islamic Culture &

Civilization3. Characteristics of Islamic Culture & Civilization 4. Islamic Culture & Civilization and Contemporary

Issues

Islam & Science1. Basic Concepts of Islam & Science2. Contributions of Muslims in the Development of

Science3. Quran & Science

Islamic Economic System1. Basic Concepts of Islamic Economic System2. Means of Distribution of wealth in Islamic Economics3. Islamic Concept of Riba4. Islamic Ways of Trade & Commerce

Political System of Islam1. Basic Concepts of Islamic Political System 2. Islamic Concept of Sovereignty 3. Basic Institutions of Govt. in Islam

Islamic History1. Period of Khlaft-E-Rashida2. Period of Ummayyads3. Period of Abbasids

Social System of Islam

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1. Basic Concepts of Social System of Islam2. Elements of Family3. Ethical Values of Islam

Reference Books1. Hameed ullah Muhammad, “Emergence of Islam” , IRI,

Islamabad 2 Hameed ullah Muhammad, “Muslim Conduct of State”3 Hameed ullah Muhammad, ‘Introduction to Islam4. Mulana Muhammad Yousaf Islahi,”5 Hussain Hamid Hassan, “An Introduction to the Study of Islamic

Law” leaf Publication Islamabad, Pakistan.6 Ahmad Hasan, “Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence” Islamic

Research Institute, International Islamic University, Islamabad (1993)7 Mir Waliullah, “Muslim Jurisprudence and the Quranic Law of

Crimes” Islamic Book Service (1982)8 H. S. Bhatia, “Studies in Islamic Law, Religion and Society” Deep

& Deep Publications New Delhi (1989)9 Dr. Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, “Introduction to Al Sharia Al Islamia”

Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad (2001)

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ANNEXURE - D

Note: One course will be selected from the following six courses of Mathematics.

COMPULSORY MATHEMATICS

COURSES FOR BS (4 YEAR)

(FOR STUDENTS NOT MAJORING INMATHEMATICS)

1. MATHEMATICS I (ALGEBRA)

Prerequisite(s): Mathematics at secondary level

Credit Hours: 3 + 0

Specific Objectives of the Course: To prepare the students, not majoring in mathematics, with the essential tools of algebra to apply the concepts and the techniques in their respective disciplines.

Course Outline:Preliminaries: Real-number system, complex numbers, introduction to sets, set operations, functions, types of functions. Matrices: Introduction to matrices, types, matrix inverse, determinants, system of linear equations, Cramer’s rule.

Quadratic Equations: Solution of quadratic equations, qualitative analysis of roots of a quadratic equations, equations reducible to quadratic equations, cube roots of unity, relation between roots and coefficients of quadratic equations.

Sequences and Series: Arithmetic progression, geometric progression, harmonic progression. Binomial Theorem: Introduction to mathematical induction, binomial theorem with rational and irrational indices. Trigonometry: Fundamentals of trigonometry, trigonometric identities.

Recommended Books1. Dolciani MP, Wooton W, Beckenback EF, Sharron S, Algebra 2 and

Trigonometry, 1978, Houghton & Mifflin, Boston (suggested text)2. Kaufmann JE, College Algebra and Trigonometry, 1987, PWS-

Kent Company, Boston3. Swokowski EW, Fundamentals of Algebra and Trigonometry (6th

edition), 1986, PWS-Kent Company, Boston

2. MATHEMATICS II (CALCULUS)

109

Prerequisite(s): Mathematics I (Algebra)Credit Hours: 3 + 0

Specific Objectives of the Course: To prepare the students, not majoring in mathematics, with the essential tools of calculus to apply the concepts and the techniques in their respective disciplines.

Course OutlinePreliminaries: Real-number line, functions and their graphs, solution of equations involving absolute values, inequalities. Limits and Continuity: Limit of a function, left-hand and right-hand limits, continuity, continuous functions.Derivatives and their Applications: Differentiable functions, differentiation of polynomial, rational and transcendental functions, derivatives.Integration and Definite Integrals: Techniques of evaluating indefinite integrals, integration by substitution, integration by parts, change of variables in indefinite integrals.

Recommended Books1. Anton H, Bevens I, Davis S, Calculus: A New Horizon (8th edition),

2005, John Wiley, New York2. Stewart J, Calculus (3rd edition), 1995, Brooks/Cole (suggested

text)3. Swokowski EW, Calculus and Analytic Geometry, 1983, PWS-Kent

Company, Boston4. Thomas GB, Finney AR, Calculus (11th edition), 2005, Addison-

Wesley, Reading, Ma, USA

3. MATHEMATICS III (GEOMETRY)

Prerequisite(s): Mathematics II (Calculus)Credit Hours: 3 + 0

Specific Objectives of the Course: To prepare the students, not majoring in mathematics, with the essential tools of geometry to apply the concepts and the techniques in their respective disciplines.

Course OutlineGeometry in Two Dimensions: Cartesian-coördinate mesh, slope of a line, equation of a line, parallel and perpendicular lines, various forms of equation of a line, intersection of two lines, angle between two lines, distance between two points, distance between a point and a line.

Circle: Equation of a circle, circles determined by various conditions, intersection of lines and circles, locus of a point in various conditions.Conic Sections: Parabola, ellipse, hyperbola, the general-second-degree equation

Recommended Books

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1. Abraham S, Analytic Geometry, Scott, Freshman and Company, 1969

2. Kaufmann JE, College Algebra and Trigonometry, 1987, PWS-Kent Company, Boston

3. Swokowski EW, Fundamentals of Algebra and Trigonometry (6th

edition), 1986, PWS-Kent Company, Boston

4. COURSE FOR NON-MATHEMATICS MAJORS IN SOCIAL SCIENCES

Title of subject: MATHEMATICSDiscipline : BS (Social Sciences).Pre-requisites : SSC (Metric) level MathematicsCredit Hours : 03 + 00 Minimum Contact Hours: 40Assessment : written examination;Effective : 2008 and onward

Aims : To give the basic knowledge of Mathematics and prepare the students not majoring in mathematics.

Objectives : After completion of this course the student should be able to:

Understand the use of the essential tools of basic mathematics; Apply the concepts and the techniques in their respective

disciplines; Model the effects non-isothermal problems through different

domains;Contents :1. Algebra

Preliminaries: Real and complex numbers, Introduction to sets, set operations, functions, types of functions. Matrices: Introduction to matrices, types of matrices, inverse of matrices, determinants, system of linear equations, Cramer’s rule. Quadratic equations: Solution of quadratic equations, nature of roots of quadratic equations, equations reducible to quadratic equations. Sequence and Series: Arithmetic, geometric and harmonic progressions. Permutation and combinations: Introduction to permutation and combinations, Binomial Theorem: Introduction to binomial theorem. Trigonometry: Fundamentals of trigonometry, trigonometric identities. Graphs: Graph of straight line, circle and trigonometric functions.

2. StatisticsIntroduction: Meaning and definition of statistics, relationship of statistics with social science, characteristics of statistics, limitations of statistics and main division of statistics. Frequency distribution:

111

Organisation of data, array, ungrouped and grouped data, types of frequency series, individual, discrete and continuous series, tally sheet method, graphic presentation of the frequency distribution, bar frequency diagram histogram, frequency polygon, cumulative frequency curve. Measures of central tendency: Mean medium and modes, quartiles, deciles and percentiles. Measures of dispersion: Range, inter quartile deviation mean deviation, standard deviation, variance, moments, skewness and kurtosis.

Recommended Books1. Swokowski. E. W., ‘Fundamentals of Algebra and Trigonometry’,

Latest Edition.2. Kaufmann. J. E., ‘College Algebra and Trigonometry’, PWS-

Kent Company, Boston, Latest Edition.3. Walpole, R. E., ‘Introduction of Statistics’, Prentice Hall,

Latest Edition.4. Wilcox, R. R., ‘Statistics for The Social Sciences’,

5. MATHEMATICS FOR CHEMISTRY

Credit Hours: 3

Prerequisites: Mathematics at Secondary levelSpecific Objectives of Course:To prepare the students not majoring in mathematics with the essential tools of Calculus to apply the concepts and the techniques in their respective disciplines.

Course OutlinePreliminaries: Real Numbers and the Real Line, Functions and their graphs: Polynomial Functions, Rational Functions, Trigonometric Functions, and Transcendental Functions. Slope of a Line, Equation of a Line, Solution of equations involving absolute values, Inequalities. Limits and Continuity: Limit of a Function, Left Hand and Right Hand Limits, Continuity, Continuous Functions. Derivatives and its Applications: Differentiation of Polynomial, Rational and Transcendental Functions, Extreme Values of Functions. Integration and Indefinite Integrals: Integration by Substitution, Integration by Parts, Change of Variables in Indefinite Integrals. Least-Squares Line.

Recommended Books1. Thomas, Calculus, 11th Edition. Addison Wesley publishing

company, 2005.2. H. Anton, I. Bevens, S. Davis, Calculus, 8th edition, John Willey &

Sons, Inc. 2005.3. Hughes-Hallett, Gleason, McCallum, et al, Calculus Single and

Multivariable, 3rd Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2002.

112

4. Frank A. Jr, Elliott Mendelsohn, Calculus, Schaum’s Outline Series, 4th edition, 1999.

5. E. W. Swokowski, Calculus and Analytic Geometry PWS Publishers, Boston, 1983.

6. John H. Mathews, Numerical Methods for Mathematics Science and Engineering, Prentice-Hall, Second Edition 1992.

6. MATHEMATICS FOR PHYSICS

Contents

1. Preliminary calculus. Differentiation

Differentiation from first principles; products; the chain rule; quotients; implicit differentiation; logarithmic differentiation; Leibnitz’ theorem; special points of a function; theorems of differentiation.

IntegrationIntegration from first principles; the inverse of differentiation; integration by inspection; sinusoidal function; logarithmic integration; integration using partial fractions; substitution method; integration by parts; reduction formulae; infinite and improper integrals; plane polar coordinates; integral inequalities; applications of integration.

2. Complex numbers and hyperbolic functions The need for complex numbers Manipulation of complex numbers

Additions and subtraction; modulus and argument; multiplication; complex conjugate; division

Polar representation of complex numbers Multiplication and division in polar form

de Moivre’s theoremTrigonometrical identities; finding the nth roots of unity; solving polynomial equations

Complex logarithms and complex powers Applications to differentiation and integration Hyperbolic functions

Definitions; hyperbolic-trigonometric analogies; identities of hyperbolic functions; solving hyperbolic equations; inverses of hyperbolic functions; calculus of hyperbolic functions

3. Series and limits Series Summation of series

Arithmetic series; geometric series; arithmetico-geometric series; the difference method; series involving natural numbers; transformation of series

113

Convergence of infinite seriesAbsolute and conditional convergence; convergence of a series containing only real positive terms; alternating series test

Operations with series Power series

Convergence of power series; operations with power series Taylor series

Taylor’s theorem; approximation errors in Taylor series; standard McLaurin series

Evaluation of limits

4. Partial differentiation Definition of the partial derivative The total differential and total derivative Exact and inexact differentials Useful theorems of partial differentiation The chain rule Change of variables Taylor’s theorem for many-variable functions Stationary values of many-variable functions Stationary values under constraints

5. Multiple integrals Double integrals Triple integrals Applications of multiple integrals

Areas and volumes; masses, centers of mass and centroids; Pappus’ theorems; moments of inertia; mean values of functions

Change of variables in multiple integralsChange of variables in double integrals;

6. Vector algebra Scalars and vectors Addition and subtraction of vectors Multiplication by a scalar Basis vectors and components Magnitude of a vectors Multiplication of vectors

Scalar product; vector product; scalar triple product; vector triple product

Equations of lines and planesEquation of a line; equation of a plane

Using vectors to find distancesPoint to line; point to plane; line to line; line to plane

Reciprocal vectors

7. Matrices and vector spaces

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Vectors spaces Basic vectors; the inner product; some useful inequalities

Matrices The complex and Hermitian conjugates of a matrix The determinant of a matrix

Properties of determinants The inverse of a matrix The rank of a matrix Simultaneous linear equations

N simultaneous linear equations in N unknowns Special square matrices

Diagonal; symmetric and antisymmetric; orthogonal; Hermitian; unitary normal

Eigen vectors and eigen valuesOf a normal matrix; of Hermitian and anti-Hermitian matrices; of a unitary matrix; of a general square matrix

Determination of eigen values and eigen vectors Degenerate eigen values

8. Vector calculus Differentiation of vectors Composite vector expressions; differential

of a vector Integration of vectors Space curves Vector functions of several arguments Surfaces Scalar and vector fields Vector operators Gradient of a scalar field; divergence of a vector field; curl of a

vector field Vector operator formulae Vector operators acting on sums and products; combinations of

grad, div and curl Cylindrical and spherical polar coordinates Cylindrical polar coordinates; spherical polar coordinates.

ANNEXURE - E

115

Statistics-I Credit 3 (2-1)Definition and importance of Statistics in Agriculture, Data Different types of data and variables

Classification and Tabulation of data, Frequency distribution, stem-and-Leaf diagram, Graphical representation of data Histogram, frequency polygon, frequency curve.

Measure of Central tendency, Definition and calculation of Arithmetic mean, Geometric mean, Harmonic mean, Median quantiles and Mode in grouped and un-grouped data.

Measure of Dispersion, Definition and Calculation of Range, quartile deviation, Mean deviation, Standard deviation and variance, coefficient of variation.

Practicala. Frequency Distribution b. Stem-and-Leaf diagramc. Various types of Graphs d. Mean, Geometric mean Harmonic Mean,e. Median, Quartiles Deviation, mean Deviation.f. Standard Deviation, Variance, Coefficient of variation,g. Skewness and kenosis

Recommended Books1. Introduction to Statistical Theory Part- I by Sher Muhammad

and Dr. Shahid Kamal (Latest Edition) 2. Statistical Methods and Data Analysis by Dr. Faquir

Muhammad 3. A. Concise Course in A. Level Statistic with world examples

by J. Crashaw and J. Chambers (1994)4. Basic Statistics an Inferential Approach 2nd Ed. (1986) Fran

II. Dietrich-II and Thomas J. Keans

Statistics-II Credit 3 (2-1)

Sampling Probability and non-Probability Sampling, Simple random sampling stratified random sampling Systematic sampling error, Sampling distribution of mean and difference between two means. Interference Theory: Estimation and testing of hypothesis, Type—I and type-II error, Testing of hypothesis about mean and difference between two means using Z-test and t-test, Paired t-test, Test of association of attributes using X2 (chi-square) Testing hypothesis about variance.

116

Practicala. Sampling random sampling b. Stratified random sampling.c. Sampling distribution of mean d. Testing of hypotheses regarding population meane. Testing of hypotheses about the difference between

population meansf. Chi-square testg. Testing of Correlation Coefficienth. Fitting of simple linear regressioni. One-way ANOVAj. Two-way ANOVA

Recommended Books1. Introduction to Statistical Theory Part-II by Sher Muhammad

and Dr. Shahid Kamal (Latest Edition)2. Statistical Methods and Data Analysis by Dr. Faquir

Muhammad3. Principles and Procedures of Statistics A Bio-material

approach, 2nd Edition, 1980 by R. G. D Steal and James H. Tarric 4. Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research 2nd Edition (1980)

by K. A. Gomez and A. A. Gomez

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ANNEXURE - F

Introduction to Information and Communication Technologies

Course Structure: Lectures: 2 Labs:  1 Credit Hours: 3Pre-requisite: None Semester: 1

Course DescriptionThis is an introductory course on Information and Communication Technologies. Topics include ICT terminologies, hardware and software components, the internet and World Wide Web, and ICT based applications.After completing this course, a student will be able to: Understand different terms associated with ICT Identify various components of a computer system Identify the various categories of software and their usage Define the basic terms associated with communications and

networking Understand different terms associated with the Internet and World

Wide Web. Use various web tools including Web Browsers, E-mail clients and

search utilities. Use text processing, spreadsheets and presentation tools Understand the enabling/pervasive features of ICT

Course ContentsBasic Definitions & ConceptsHardware: Computer Systems & ComponentsStorage Devices, Number SystemsSoftware: Operating Systems, Programming and Application SoftwareIntroduction to Programming, Databases and Information SystemsNetworksData CommunicationThe Internet, Browsers and Search EnginesThe Internet: Email, Collaborative Computing and Social NetworkingThe Internet: E-CommerceIT Security and other issuesProject Week Review Week

Text Books/Reference Books

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1. Introduction to Computers by Peter Norton, 6th International Edition, McGraw-Hill

2. Using Information Technology: A Practical Introduction to Computer & Communications by Williams Sawyer, 6th Edition, McGraw-Hill

3. Computers, Communications & information: A user's introduction by Sarah E. Hutchinson, Stacey C. Swayer

4. Fundamentals of Information Technology by Alexis Leon, Mathews Leon, Leon Press.

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