Ankit sharma PTS

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ANKIT SHARMA 1

By :ANKIT SHARMAVII SEM ECEJECRC


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SUN SHINE AUTOMATION INDIA LIMITED

SIEMENS

Authorized

Service

Business

Partner

Automation

& Drives

Division.


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What is Automation ?

Automation is basically the delegation of human control

function to technical equipment for

Increasing Productivity

Increasing Quality

Reducing Cost

Increasing Safety in working conditions

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Productivity

Quality Labour Cost

Plant

Total Automation Manufacturing

Competitiveness

Solution

Automation applied to plant

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Manual Control

Hard wired logic Control

Electronic Control using Logic GatesProgrammable Logic Controller

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A Programmable logical controller is a specializedcomputer used to control machines and processes.

It uses a programmable memory to storeinstructions and specific functions that includeON/OFF control ,sequencing, arithmetic and datahandling.

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Reduced space Energy saving

Ease of maintenance Economical Greater life & reliability Tremendous flexibility

Shorter project time Easier storage, archiving and documentation

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Too much work required in connecting wires.

Difficulty with changes or replacements.

Difficulty in finding errors; requiring skillful workforce.

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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Automate_siemens_codeur_analyseur_de_trame.JPG


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The PLC is programmed interface between the field I/p element

like limit switches, sensors, push button and the final control

elements like actuator, solenoid/control valves, drives,

hooters etc

PLC consist of :-

1. Power Supply

2. CPU with Processor and Program memory

3. Input Module4. Output Module

5. Comm Port

6. Programming Device [PC/Laptop]

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1. SMALL - it covers units with up to 128 I/Os and memories up to 2

Kbytes.

- these PLCs are capable of providing simple to advance

levels or machine controls.

2. MEDIUM - have up to 2048 I/Os and memories up to 32 Kbytes.

3. LARGE - the most sophisticated units of the PLC family. They have

up to 8192 I/Os and memories up to 750 Kbytes.

- can control individual production processes or entire

plant.

PLC Size


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Hardware configuration

A pictorial view---

Powersupply

CPUSignal Module


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Configuration of PLC : Siemens

CPU

External Power

Supply

I/O Modules

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Configuration of PLC : Modicon

8 Analog Inputs 1Analog Output

Up/Down FastCounter

Up Counter

Programming Terminal PC Connection

Unitelway Port for connectionof up to 5 Slaves PCMCIA memory expansion port

PCMCIA communications port

Built in display for I/O(in-rack, AS-i) and Diag

I/O Modules


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Function block diagrams (FBDs)

Structured text (ST)Instruction List (IL)

Sequential function charts (SFCs)

Ladder logic.

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In PLC programming things (I\O) are Either True Or

FalseIn case the inputs are true the rung becomes true and

an output occurs.

It is a graphical language very popular for

programming

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Power flows through these contacts when they

are closed. The normally open (NO) is true whenthe input or output status bit controlling the

contact is 1. The normally closed (NC) is true

when the input or output status bit controlling

the contact is 0.

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Machine controls,

Packaging,

Material handling,similar Sequential task as well as Process control.

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Modicon

Allen Bradley

SiemensABB

Mitsubishi

GE FanucOmron

Messung

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SCADA is Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition SCADA refers to a system that collects data from

various sensors at factory or plant & then sends thisdata to central computer which manage or controldata.

SCADA is used to control chemical plant processes, oiland gas pipelines, electrical generation andtransmission equipment, manufacturing facilities,

water purification and distribution infrastructure, etc.

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Typically, there are three major elements that

make up a SCADA system:

The master terminal unit (MTU)

The remote terminal unit (RTU)

The communications equipment

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Basic System Components


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The MTU is known as Master Transmission Unit

It is the heart of the system

The MTU communicates with other peripheraldevices in the facility like monitors, printers, andother

The primary interface to the operator is the

monitor or CRT . Representation of valves, pumps, etc. As incoming

data changes, the screen is updated

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Connected to sensors in the

process, converting sensor signal to digital

one and sending digital data to the

supervisory system. As the name suggest it is remotely located in

the plant that sends data to MTU.

Relationship between MTU and RTU is

typically defined as a master and slave.

The major difference between the MTU and

RTU is that the MTU initiates virtually all

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Communication equipment is required for bi-

directional communications between an RTU and the

MTU.

This can be done through public transmission media or

atmospheric means

SCADA systems are capable of communicating using a

wide variety of media such as Fiber optics, dial-up, or

dedicated voice grade telephone lines, or radio

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Features of typical SCADA software

Dynamic process graphic

Real-time and Historical trending Alarms

Recipe Management

Security

Device connectivity

Database connectivity

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Example Alarm Page


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Example Trending Chart

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Wonder ware : In Touch

Intellution : Fix DMACS

Merz : AspicAllen Bradley : Rsview

Siemens : WinCC

GE Fanuc : CimplicityKPIT : ASTRA

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CONCLUSION

Using a SCADA system for their controls ensures a commonframework not only for the development of the specific applicationsbut also for operating the detectors. Operators experience the same"look and feel" whatever part of the experiment they control.However, this aspect also depends to a significant extent on properengineering.

PLC is an industrial computer control system that continuouslymonitors the state of input devices and makes decisions based upona custom program to control the state of output devices. A digitallyoperating electronic system, designed for use in an industrialenvironment, which uses a programmable memory for the internal

storage of user oriented instruction for implementing specificfunctions such as logic, sequencing, timing, counting, arithmetic, tocontrol various types of machines or processes through digital oranalog inputs.


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SCADA and Industrial Automation Security,http://www.scadasec.nethttp://www.ea.doe.gov/pdfs/21stepsbooklet.pdf

Critical Infrastructure Protection: Challenges and Efforts to

Secure Control Systemshttp://www.gao.gov/new.items/d04354.pdf

Myths and Facts Behind Cyber Security of IndustrialControls http://www.pimaweb.org/conferences/

SCADA Gospel Archives (edited archives of the SCADAmailing list)http://members.iinet.net.au/~ianw/archive/book1

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