ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY

LECTURE 1

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SUBDISCIPLINES OF ANIMAL SUBDISCIPLINES OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGYPHYSIOLOGY

Comparative PhysiologyEnvironmental PhysiologyEvolutionary PhysiologyDevelopmental PhysiologyCell PhysiologyMolecular Physiology

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APPLICATIONS OF ANIMAL APPLICATIONS OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGYPHYSIOLOGY

Commercial and Agricultural Applications

Increase in production of eggs, milk and

meatImproved breeding techniquesGenetic engineering

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APPLICATIONS OF ANIMAL APPLICATIONS OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGYPHYSIOLOGY

Insights into Human Physiology

Human species share with other animal species:

- The same fundamental biological processes, collectively called “life”

- The same constraints established by laws of physics and chemistry

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- The same principles and mechanisms of Mendalian and molecular genetics

- A common origin in the branching tree of evolutionary biology

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EXAMPLESEXAMPLESBeating of human heart is on the same

principles on which hearts of fish, frog or birds beat

Molecular events in nerve impulse are almost the same in human as in invertebrates like squid or in other vertebrate animals like rat or mice

Living tissue’s normal function (healthy) and malfunction (disease) could be understood with the help of animal models of human disease (diabetic rat or mice, obese mice, hypertensive rats)

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