Animal Learning
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Transcript of Animal Learning
Animal Learning
Learning
Definition:
A relatively specific and enduring change in a potential behaviour brought about by past experience
-learning verses performance-experience required-internal processes
Learning
Why Study Animal Learning?
1) precise control2) start simple3) use potent stimuli 4) model behavioural dysfunctions5) avoid subjective data6) interest in its own right
Learning
Types of Questions?
1) Can it be learned?2) What conditions encourage/hinder learning?3) What is the underlying mechanism?
Delayed Choice
Rats: 10-sRacoon: 25-sDog: 5-minHuman
1-year: 24-s2-year: 50-s6-year: 20-min
Hunter (1913)
ChoiceLocation 1Location 2Location 3
Cue
Location 2
Delay of Reinforcement
StartDelayChoice Goal
Reward or No Reward
Grice – (1948)
Grice (1948) Results
2030405060708090
100
25 100
175
250
325
400
475
550
625
700
Trials
Per
cen
t C
orr
ect
0s
5s
2s1.2s
0.5s
10s
Reasoning Through Insight
Kohler (1914)
Sudden Insightor
Trial and Error?
Forms of Learning
Evidence
1) Dissociations“H.M.”“Unconscious Sequence Learning”
2) Simultaneous Contradictory Belief“Linda Problem”“Visual Illusions”
H.M.
Back
Sequence learning
Nissen & Bullemer (1987) –
Serial Reaction Time
*
A B C D Experimental Group = fixed sequence of locations
D – B – C – A – C – B – D – C – B – A -
circular sequence, 10 times per blockControl Group = random sequence of locations
Back
Violated Sequence
Subjects are sensitive to the presence of the sequence even when they deny knowing that there was a sequence
Back
Linda Problem
Linda is 31 years old, single, outspoken, and very bright. She majored in philosophy. As a student, she was deeply concerned with issues of discrimination and social justice, and also participated in anti-nuclear demonstrations.
Which of the following is more probable?
(1) Linda is a bank teller. (2) Linda is a bank teller and is active in the feminist
movement.
Back
Müller-Lyer Illusion
Forms of Learning: Classification
René Descartes(1594-1660)
“Man as machine”
StimulusInvoluntary
VoluntaryAction
Human versus Animal
Descartes’ Dualism
A Modern Conception
Conditioning
Implicit
Classical InstrumentalSkills
Explicit
Semantic Episodic
Nonassociative