Animals What is an animal?. Multicellular Eukaryotic Heterotrophs That lack cell walls.
ANIMAL KINGDOM. ANIMALS ANIMAL CHARACTERISTICS -Eukaryotics -Multicellular -Lacking cell wall...
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Transcript of ANIMAL KINGDOM. ANIMALS ANIMAL CHARACTERISTICS -Eukaryotics -Multicellular -Lacking cell wall...
ANIMAL KINGDOM
ANIMALS
ANIMAL CHARACTERISTICS
- Eukaryotics- Multicellular- Lacking cell wall- Heterotrophs (ingest and digest)- Mobile or have mobility in at least one life stage- Sexual reproduction, produce an embryo
ANIMALS
CHARACTERISTICS USED TO CLASSIFY ANIMALS
1. Invertebrate or Vertebrate2. Levels of organization3. Number of body layers4. Symmetry and body plans5. Body cavity6. Segmentation7. Movement8. Reproduction
ANIMALS
1. INVERTEBRATE OR VERTEBRATE
INVERTEBRATE: no backbone, 95%
VERTEBRATE: internal skeleton and backbone, 5%
ANIMALS
2. LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION
- Differences in structure, tissues, organs and organ systems- All have cells- All have tissues (except sponges)
ANIMALS
3. NUMBER OF BODY LAYERS
- All animals have three cell layers (except sponges and phylum cnidaria-corals, hydras, jelly fish and sea anemones)- Layer 1 endoderm = inner layer: lungs, liver, pancreas, bladder,
stomach lining- Layer 2 mesoderm = middle layer: muscles, blood, kidneys,
reproductive organs- Layer 3 ectoderm = outer layer: skin, nerve tissue, sense organs
- All layers develop during early embryo growth- Layers help sort cells into arrangements for specialized tissues
and organs
ANIMALS
3. NUMBER OF BODY LAYERS
ANIMALS
4. SYMMETRY AND BODY PLANS
- Different arrangements of cells, tissues and organs leads to different body plans
a) Asymmetrical = irregular body shapeb) Radial Symmetry = divided along any plane parallel to body
axisExample: corals, jellyfish
c) Bilateral Symmetry = divided into two mirror halves only along one plane through the central axis
Example: worms, insects, vertebrates
ANIMALS
4. SYMMETRY AND BODY PLANS
ANIMALS
5. BODY CAVITY
- Coelom: fluid filled cavity that provides space for the development and suspension of organs and organ systems- Gives muscles a structures to brace against, allowing quick
movement and recovery- Allows increased complexity
- Coelomates: worms, molluscs, insects, vertebrates- Acoelomates: corals, jellyfish, flatworms
ANIMALS
5. BODY CAVITY
ANIMALS
6. SEGMENTATION
- Segmentation: the division of the body into repetitive sections
Advantages:- If a single segment is damaged, other segments can continue
to function properly- Increased mobility
ANIMALS
6. SEGMENTATION
ANIMALS
7. MOVEMENT
- Nerve and muscle tissue allow complex and fast movement
Sessile: stationary, live attached to one place; juvenile development allows for movement
Ex: sponges, sea anemones
ANIMALS
7. MOVEMENT
ANIMALS
8. REPRODUCTION
- Sexual: gametic- Zygote = diploid organism = gametes = fertilization = zygote…- 2 types of fertilization:
- External: gametes combine outside body, mostly aquatic- Ex: fish, amphibians
- Internal: gametes combine inside body- Ex: humans
- Asexual: typically asexual though sexual reproduction can occur during harsh conditions- Ex: aphids
ANIMALS
8. REPRODUCTION