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BOOK REVIEW BOOK REVIEW ANIMAL FARMANIMAL FARMPREPARED BY: ~ELIAS NADERPREPARED BY: ~ELIAS NADERPRESENTED TO: ~MRS. KATYA ABOU ZEID PRESENTED TO: ~MRS. KATYA ABOU ZEID

~CLASSMATES ~CLASSMATES

GEORGE ORWELLGEORGE ORWELL

George Orwell, the pen name of Eric Arthur Blair, George Orwell, the pen name of Eric Arthur Blair, was born on June 25, 1903 and died on January was born on June 25, 1903 and died on January 21, 1950. He was an English novelist, journalist, 21, 1950. He was an English novelist, journalist, essayist, and critic. He is best remembered for essayist, and critic. He is best remembered for his novels Animal Farm and Nineteen Eighty-his novels Animal Farm and Nineteen Eighty-Four and for his simplicity and clearness. Four and for his simplicity and clearness. Although his father was British, Orwell was born Although his father was British, Orwell was born in eastern India because Richard Blair worked in in eastern India because Richard Blair worked in the Indian Civil Service supervising opium the Indian Civil Service supervising opium transfers to Asia. Then Orwell moves with his transfers to Asia. Then Orwell moves with his mother and sister to India in 1904.mother and sister to India in 1904.

Later, he enters the famous boysLater, he enters the famous boys’’ prep prep school in England, Eton, where he was school in England, Eton, where he was bullied a lot by his classmates and bullied a lot by his classmates and teachers. When Orwell grew up, he wrote teachers. When Orwell grew up, he wrote Animal Farm because he was a democratic Animal Farm because he was a democratic socialist, who was suspicious and a critic socialist, who was suspicious and a critic of Stalin. He wrote it because he wanted of Stalin. He wrote it because he wanted to make a political statement. The whole to make a political statement. The whole book Animal Farm is a statement about book Animal Farm is a statement about the Russian Revolution. George Orwell the Russian Revolution. George Orwell died of tuberculosis. He was buried in an died of tuberculosis. He was buried in an Anglican ceremony in Oxfordshire, Anglican ceremony in Oxfordshire, England, under a simple marker reading England, under a simple marker reading "Here lies Eric Arthur Blair."Here lies Eric Arthur Blair.””

ANIMAL FARMANIMAL FARM

Old Major the old boar on the Manor Farm, calls the Old Major the old boar on the Manor Farm, calls the animals on the farm to gather for a meeting, during which animals on the farm to gather for a meeting, during which he refers to humans as parasites and teaches the animals a he refers to humans as parasites and teaches the animals a revolutionary song called revolutionary song called Beasts of EnglandBeasts of England..

When Major dies, two young When Major dies, two young pigs, Snowball and Napoleon, assume command and pigs, Snowball and Napoleon, assume command and consider it a duty to prepare for the Rebellion. The consider it a duty to prepare for the Rebellion. The animals revolt and drive the drunken and animals revolt and drive the drunken and irresponsible farmer Mr. Jones from the farm, irresponsible farmer Mr. Jones from the farm, renaming it "Animal Farm".renaming it "Animal Farm".

They adopt the Seven Commandments of They adopt the Seven Commandments of Animalism; of which the most important is "All Animalism; of which the most important is "All animals are equal." Snowball teaches the animals to animals are equal." Snowball teaches the animals to read and write, while Napoleon educates young read and write, while Napoleon educates young puppies on the principles of Animalism. Food is puppies on the principles of Animalism. Food is plentiful, and the farm runs smoothly. Napoleon plentiful, and the farm runs smoothly. Napoleon and Snowball struggle for authority.and Snowball struggle for authority.

When Snowball announces his plans to build a windmill, When Snowball announces his plans to build a windmill, Napoleon has his dogs chase Snowball away and Napoleon has his dogs chase Snowball away and subsequently declares himself leader of Animal subsequently declares himself leader of Animal Farm.The story is told from the point of view of the Farm.The story is told from the point of view of the common animals of Animal Farm, though it refers to common animals of Animal Farm, though it refers to them in the third person plural as them in the third person plural as ““they.they.””

Two of the themes understood in the story are the Two of the themes understood in the story are the danger of a naïve working class and the abuse of danger of a naïve working class and the abuse of language as instrumental to the abuse of power.language as instrumental to the abuse of power.

THE PURPOSE OF THE PURPOSE OF ANIMAL FARM ANIMAL FARM

Animal Farm is an allegory written to criticise the events Animal Farm is an allegory written to criticise the events

that took place leading up to and during the Russian that took place leading up to and during the Russian

Revolution. It comments on the corruption of the Revolution. It comments on the corruption of the

Russian government and the idiocy of communism. Russian government and the idiocy of communism.

Orwell believed that communism would not work, and Orwell believed that communism would not work, and

this is why he wrote Animal Farm, to convince his this is why he wrote Animal Farm, to convince his

readers what he believed. readers what he believed.

Because its title was Because its title was ““Animal FarmAnimal Farm””, Orwell discovered , Orwell discovered

that libraries were placing his tale in the childrenthat libraries were placing his tale in the children’’s s

section, so he started going to the libraries and section, so he started going to the libraries and

bookstores asking them to put his novel on the adult bookstores asking them to put his novel on the adult

works shelves. For fifty years, this novel had a dual works shelves. For fifty years, this novel had a dual

identity, a childrenidentity, a children’’s story and an adult satire.s story and an adult satire.

CHARACTERS:CHARACTERS:

There are many major and minor characters in this story, There are many major and minor characters in this story, and Old Major is one main character. Although he was the and Old Major is one main character. Although he was the first to die because Mr. Jones killed him, he is a very first to die because Mr. Jones killed him, he is a very important character because he came up with the idea to important character because he came up with the idea to rebel against humans.Old Major symbolizes Karl Marx, rebel against humans.Old Major symbolizes Karl Marx, who is the inventor of communism. Karl Marx wanted the who is the inventor of communism. Karl Marx wanted the working class to unite to overthrow the government, but he working class to unite to overthrow the government, but he died before the Russian revolution. Mr. Jones, in the novel, died before the Russian revolution. Mr. Jones, in the novel, is a farmer, and the owner of Manor Farm. He represents is a farmer, and the owner of Manor Farm. He represents the last Tsar of Russia (Nicholas II). the last Tsar of Russia (Nicholas II).

Snowball, Napoleon, and Squealer are also major Snowball, Napoleon, and Squealer are also major characters in the story. Snowball believes in a continued characters in the story. Snowball believes in a continued revolution: he argues that in order to defend Animal revolution: he argues that in order to defend Animal Farm and strengthen the reality of Old Major's dream Farm and strengthen the reality of Old Major's dream of a life without humans, rebellions in other farms of a life without humans, rebellions in other farms throughout England must be stirred up.throughout England must be stirred up.

Napoleon always disagrees with any ideas that Napoleon always disagrees with any ideas that Snowball has because he doesn't want Snowball to lead Snowball has because he doesn't want Snowball to lead Animal Farm. Snowball symbolizes Leon Animal Farm. Snowball symbolizes Leon Trotsky.Napoleon is smart pig, who is smart enough not Trotsky.Napoleon is smart pig, who is smart enough not to play much of a role in the initial rebellion. It's only to play much of a role in the initial rebellion. It's only after the animals have rebelled that he takes a after the animals have rebelled that he takes a leadership role leadership role

Squealer is highly skilled at making speeches to the Squealer is highly skilled at making speeches to the animals. He is also one of the leaders of the farm. animals. He is also one of the leaders of the farm. Under the rule of Napoleon, Squealer does things to Under the rule of Napoleon, Squealer does things to manipulate the animals.manipulate the animals.

CONFLICTCONFLICT

In In ““Animal FarmAnimal Farm””, there is an external conflict between , there is an external conflict between

the animals and humans on the farm, it drove them to the animals and humans on the farm, it drove them to

their limit and barely repaid them. Another conflict their limit and barely repaid them. Another conflict

discussed in the story is discussed in the story is ““all the farmers versus all the all the farmers versus all the

animalsanimals””. Mr. Jones recruited aid and tried to retake his . Mr. Jones recruited aid and tried to retake his

farm, but he failed. Snowball wanted to ensure the safety farm, but he failed. Snowball wanted to ensure the safety

of all animals while all Napoleon wanted was power.of all animals while all Napoleon wanted was power.

CLIMAXCLIMAX

The climax is the turning point of the action in the plot of The climax is the turning point of the action in the plot of

the story. In this case, the turning point is when Napoleon the story. In this case, the turning point is when Napoleon

kicks Snowball off the farm with his brainwashed dogs kicks Snowball off the farm with his brainwashed dogs

and announces that the power to make decisions for the and announces that the power to make decisions for the

farm will be decided only by the pigs. Any story without a farm will be decided only by the pigs. Any story without a

climax is useless because there would be no problem and climax is useless because there would be no problem and

solution, and because it shows the highest point. solution, and because it shows the highest point.

IMAGERYIMAGERY

Imagery is a visually descriptive or figurative language. Imagery is a visually descriptive or figurative language. An example of imagery in this story is: An example of imagery in this story is: ““Mrs. Jones looked Mrs. Jones looked out of the bedroom window, saw what was happening, out of the bedroom window, saw what was happening, hurriedly flung a few possessions in a carpet bag, and hurriedly flung a few possessions in a carpet bag, and slipped out of the farm by another way. Moses sprang off slipped out of the farm by another way. Moses sprang off his perch and flapped after her, croaking loudlyhis perch and flapped after her, croaking loudly””

POINT OF VIEWPOINT OF VIEW

The point of view is the angle of vision from which a story The point of view is the angle of vision from which a story is narrated. The point of view in is narrated. The point of view in ““Animal FarmAnimal Farm”” is in the is in the third person point of view omniscient. The narrator is an third person point of view omniscient. The narrator is an uninvolved third person (or possibly third creature) who uninvolved third person (or possibly third creature) who we know nothing about and never see, and who we know nothing about and never see, and who apparently has no feelings one way or another on the apparently has no feelings one way or another on the whole thing. He weaves in and out of the creatures' heads, whole thing. He weaves in and out of the creatures' heads, cluing us into things like Clover's distress about the cluing us into things like Clover's distress about the executions. executions.

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SATIRESATIREGeorge Orwell cleverly uses satire in this novel

while he indirectly criticizes the Russian Communism on Stalinism. Animal Farm is a masterpiece of political satire, a tale of oppressed individuals who long for freedom but ultimately are corrupted by assuming the very power that had originally oppressed them. In a satire, the writer attacks a serious issue by presenting it in a ridiculous light or otherwise poking fun at it. Orwell uses satire to expose what he saw as the myth of Soviet socialism. Thus, the novel tells a story that people of all ages can understand, but it also tells us a second story - than of the real life revolution.

THE ENDTHE END

In the end of the story, yearIn the end of the story, year’’s pass and the pigs become like s pass and the pigs become like

humans, wearing clothes, carrying whips, and walking humans, wearing clothes, carrying whips, and walking

upright. The seven commandments become only one, upright. The seven commandments become only one, ““all all

animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than

others. The name of the farm returns Manor Farm. The others. The name of the farm returns Manor Farm. The

ending is an allusion to the Tehran Conference in 1943, an ending is an allusion to the Tehran Conference in 1943, an

assembly between the United States, United Kingdom, and assembly between the United States, United Kingdom, and

the Soviet Leaders. In this meeting, the U.K. and U.S. agreed the Soviet Leaders. In this meeting, the U.K. and U.S. agreed

to let Stalin go to Poland in exchange for military support to let Stalin go to Poland in exchange for military support

during World War II.during World War II.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION ATTENTION