Anglų kalbos pradžiamokslis, 3 dalis

7/18/2019 Angl kalbos pradiamokslis, 3 dalis

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UDK802.0(075)

Gr.346

Sigute Grigalit1niene, 2000

Sigute Grigaliiiniene ANGLfj KALBOS PRADZIAMOKS LlS

3 dalis

SL 1757. 2000

O

31. 4,25 sp./. TinlZ


3/34

{ . ; .

;

'. .

Yra

keletas

prieveiksmi,-!, kurie savo reiksme

nesutampa

su

lowand sure

,b lidvardi ia is , pvz .: hard - k ie tas,

sunkiai; hardly

- vos; near -

f

i artimas; nearly - beveik.

,

~ ~ ~ / ~ ~ ~ . A

NedideIe grupe prieveiksmi,-!, kurilj forma sutampa su biidvardiiais,

.yra laipsniuojami. AukStesniajame laipsnyje

rasoma

priesaga

er

0

;aUkSCiausiajame est, pvz.: ear ly - ear lier - the ear lies t; late - later

L SSON

ON

- the latest; soon -

sooner

- the soonest.

Kiti prieveiksmiai yra laipsniuojami su pagalbiniais iodiiais

more

1

Kartojimas. Garsiai istarkite:

(aukStesnysis laipsnis) ir

most

(aukSCiausiasis laipsnis),

pV7 :

beautifully - more beautifully - the most beautifully

ksl

1 :1 quick ly - more quick ly - the mos t quick ly

181

lui

to mix

cornflakes

often - more o ften - the most often

theatre

on foot

to relax

a performance

thin

Iwant some

p opl

tophoneme moreoften.

Try to

come backhome

to look

after

sixty

to pour

to threaten

earlier. Pete was

so

tired that he could hardly walk.

wood

Sie prieveiksmiai laipsniuojami ne pagal bendras taisykles:

GRAMATIKA. PRIEVEIKSMIS

Badly - worse - the worst

Little - less - the least

Angllj, kaip ir lietuvilj kalboje, prieveiksmiai yra iodiiai, reiskiantys

Well - bet ter - the best

Much - more - the mos t

veiksmo arba blisenos aplinkyby ar ypatyby. Prieveiksmiili atsako

i

klausim'l "kaip?". Pagal reikSm

y

jie yra skirstomi i sias gnrpes:

Ellen liked that performance best

of

all.

Some

pupils wrote the

I. Laiko - today, tomorrow, now, soon, then, when, before, late,

dictation badly.

Why

d id Bret work so hard?

etc. Pvz.: It will be a windy day tomorrow.

2

Laipsnio- very, little, enough, too, much, so, etc. Pvz.: Thank you

very much for the kind words you said on my birthday.

SOME FACTS FROM THE HISTORY OF BRITAIN

r

3. Vietos here, below, there, everywhere, outside, etc. Pvz.: Emily ,

t:

was born here.

4 Dainio

- often, never, sometimes, always, ever, etc. Pvz

:

Does

TheCelts

came

to theBritish Isles 2500-3000 yearsago. Their tribes

Pete Stading always watch TV

in

the evenings?

werecalled by one name - the Britons.

They

lived

in

small villages near

5

Budo- well, badly, slowly, suddenly, quickly, etc. Pvz.: Suddenly

the rivers, lakes or thesea.

I noticed the lightning in the distance.

TheBritons caught thefish,

Yra prieveiksmilj, kurie yra padaryti

is

biidvardiil), pridedant

grew wheat and had pigs,

:

priesag'l "Iy". Tada keiCiasi kai kurilj

iodiil!

rasyba:

,

ow s and the

sheep

on

l Raide "y" keiCiama i raidy "i", pvz.: happy +

Iy

= happily

their farms. People

made

t

(Iaimingai) . Children, who were sitting round the fire, silng English

things

of

wool, metal and

I

;

songs

happily.

wood. They sold

those

2

Raides "Ie" iskrinta, pvz.: simple

+ Iy =

simply (paprastai)

things to the people who

Ted

simply

won't be able to

translate these sentences

into

l ived across the sea.

Spanish. He

hasn'l

enough knowledge.

The Romans with- Ju

3

Prie

g l

lines

"ic"

rasoma priesaga "ally", pvz.: scientific

+

ly

lius Caesar

came

to the

scientifically (moksliskai). People proved scientifically that Stone

British

Isles

in BC 55.

henge a place of sun worshippers.

They built roads, castles

4

Jeiguzodis baigiasi raide "I", tai, pridejuspriesag'l,

ji

sudvigubcja,

and walls on

the

island.

pvz.: wonderful

+

ly

=

wonderfully. Girls danced wonderfully.

TheEmperor Hadrian built

Kai kurie prieveiksmiai neluri priesagos "ly" ir savo forma visiskai

a. high wall.along

the

irst settlements

sutampa su biidvardiiais , pvz.: fast - greitas, greitai; late_veIyvas,

RIver Tyne AD 122.

velai.

Don't

read the text

so

fast! Vanessa returned home late .

114

115


4/34

$

II. Sudarykite prieveiksmius is bUdvardiiq:

he600ner, th etter

,

Merry, true, colourful, kind, dangerous, silent, economic.

t,

f ~ ~ ~

t

The Hadrian wall is

73

miles long.

The Romans

gave a new name

f

to the small viIlage on the bank of the River

Thames.

It

was

t

Londinium.

Soon

the rich town became the

main

trade centre of the

f

country.. Julius Caesar with his men left the island in the fifth

1

century.

t

Later other

tribes from

Western Europe began

to

attack the

Br.itons. They were the Angles, Saxons and Jutes. The Angles

spoke

English

and became

the strongest tribe. The Britons had to go to the

mountains. The Anglo-Saxons

fonned

some kingdoms - Essex, Kent,

Wessex - there. Now they are counties in Great Britain.

.

. : : :

:

scientific lsal;m'tlflk/ mokslinis

an emperor /'emp;)r;)/ imperatorius

Stonehenge /'

st;)unhend31

Hadrian f'heldfl;)n/ Hadrianas

the Tyne /tain/ Tainas .

Steunhendzas

a worshipper / w3:fIP;)/ gar

Londinium /llln'dlOl;)m/ Londiniumas

bintojas

main /mem/ pagrindinis

a fact /frekt/ faktas

trade /treld/ prekyba

history (hls\;)rJ/ istorija

western f'west;)njvakarinis

to attack /;)'trek/ puIti

the Celts !kelts/ keltai

a tribe /tralb/ gent s

a mountain /'matmtm/ kalnas

the Brilons /'bntnz/ britai

the Angles f'reI)glz/ anglai

wheat /wi:t/ kvieciai

the Saxons /' sreks;)nz/ saksai

a pig - kiaule

the Jutes

fd3U:tS

dzutai

wool /wulf

vilna

Essex /'eslks/ Eseksas

. metal /'metl/ metalas

Wessex f'weslks/ Veseksas

JulilisCaesar

/' d3U:h;)S .si:z;)/

a county

/'

katmtl/ grafyste

Julijus Cezaris

a settlement /'setlm;)nt/ gyvenviete

PRATIMAI

I Sujunkite sakinius teisingai:

some kingdoms in Britain.

.

The

Britons

grew

veget!lbles

to attack the Britons.

. They

made

things

of

wool,

.

and animals on

their

fanus.

. Juliils Caesarcalrte

metal

and wood and sold

wall

4. The

Emperor

Hadrian built the

them to the people.

5. Other tribes began

which

is 73 miles long.

formed

6. The Angles and Saxons

to the island in Be 55.

III. lSverskite iodiius pavartojant daiktavardiiq savybini linksni:

Keltq dievai, genties kaimas, AngJijos istorija, imperatoriaus siena,

aviq vilna, imoniq daiktai, romenq pilys, grafystes pavadinimas.

Londone studentas medikas Rudolfas Miu/eris buvo nuteistas vienos

paros

r e ~ t u ut ai

kad, grjtdamas

~ ~ o k i l l per

Haid

parl


5/34

g

a M t ? r t I u

~ ~ J etrue

An g I II

,kalb()je

dauguma

jl) yra

vienskiemeniai

~ t i d y a r d i i a i issiskiria savo priesdeJiais arba priesagomis

. atskirti

bildvardiius nuo kitll kalbos dalill.

..BiJdingesnes angll) kalbos oudvardiil) priesagos yra sios:

ABLE

-

comfortable

/

Iv\mft;)blf patogus, eatable j"i:t::Jbl/ valgomas

l

-

architectural - architekturinis, national - . nacionalinis

EN

-

golden - auksinis, wooden - medinis

ER -

longer - ilgesnis, wider platesnis

EST -

richest - turtirigiausias, strongest - stipriausias

FUl

- beautiful - puikus, colourful - spalvingas

ISLE -

possible / p o s l b l f g a l i m ~ s sensible /'senslbJ/ suprantantis

J

-

economic - ekonominis, scientific - mokslinis

IC l

-

political - politinis, technical /"tekmkl/ techniskas

ISH

-

childish /"tJaIldIJ/ vaikiskas, foolish /"fu:hJ/ kvailas

IVE -

expensive - brangus, native /"neltlv/ gimtasis

lESS

-

endless _. begalinis; home1ess /,h:;nnnhs/ be namis

OUS

-

famous - iiymus various - ivairus

Y - dirty - nesvarus, rainy - lietingas


The Angles, Saxons and Jutes were pagans and believed in Gods.

They worshipped the sun, the moon, springs and trees . One

of

their

gods was Tig - the God of Darkness. Wodin was the great

God

of

War. Thor was the God of

Thunder

and Frei was the Goddess of

Peace.

So they named the days of the week after their gods.

Sunday

_

the sun s day, Monday - the moon s day. Tuesday - the day of God

Tig. Frei s husband was Wodin and their son was Thor. Wednesday

was named afterWodin, Thursday after their son and Friday got the

name from Frei. Saturn, the Roman god, gave the name to Saturday.

The names of Saxon towns often end in

jng

ton

burgiJ

field

For example: Hastings, Kingston. The endings burgh or bury mean

to hide: Salisbury, Edinburgh. The ending bam means home: Not

ting:ham. The word field has the meaning open country

-

Sheffield.

118

10

worship

/

WJ:flpl gilrbinli to name

Inclml

pavadinti

a spring - sahinis

Satl;iU! f s


6/34

.What

you

don t

know can t hurt

you

GRAMATIKA. ZOOZIV OARYBA - BDoVARDIS

Angl4 kalboje daugiausia yra vartojami sie neigiamos reikSmes

priesdeJiai :

M -

impolite Ilmpo Iall/ nemandagus, impossible - neimanomas,

negalimas

IN

-

independent /mdl pend;mt/ nepriklausomas, invisible jm'vlZdbl/

nematomas

UN - unimportant /Anlm p:J:t;mtj nesvarbus, unpleasant - nemalonus

Sudurtiniais

vadinami biidvardziai,

kurie

yra

sudaryti

is dvie

j4

iodii4

:

Daiktavardis

+

biidvardis : sky-blue _ . melynas kaip dangus,

iron-grey j'al';m'grelj pilkas kaip

geleiis

Daiktavardisj biidvardis + dalyvis : good-looking - Zavus, home

made - nam4 darbo

Biidvardis

+

daiktavardis

+

ed: blue-eyed -

melynakis,

long

tailed - ilgauodegis

Budvardis

+

biidvardis: dark-blue - tamsiai meIynas, red-hot

ikaitintas iki

raudonumo


Stonehenge is a place near the River Avon in Salisbu'ry plain. Huge

stones stand in a circle. These are the monuments left by the people

who lived there from about Be 1900 - 1600. The stones are nine metres

high .and e a c h w ~ i g h s boiJtseven

tons. It is believed that earlier

the place was a g H ~ a t . t ,l?

inple

where

people worshipped the sun.

There is a ceremony, at . Stone

henge on June 24 .(Midsummer

pay) every year. Some people

c6me there to greet the first mid

swnmer

sun

ray whiCh fa lis on

the

S t O I l ~ .

They

put

: Jire, water,

bread, .

salt

arid a (ose on these

st9nes , 'There is a , b r j g ~ t Y:lIow

flQw 'er .

that bfeaks intq , .

1110

J

blossom on the longest day

of

the

Yf at'

.

t

was considered that this

flower heIps in love and protects the house from fire and lightning.

. . . . .

y

a plain /plelDf Jyguma

,

huge fhju:dJl milziniskas

,

a circle

r

s3:kl/ ralas

f

a ton IIAnl lona

Midsummer Day - Jonines

y y y y

to

greet

fgri :tf

pasveikinti

a ray Irell spindulys .

to break into blossom

r l o s ~ m / .

prazysti

10

consider Ibn sldol laikyti; manyti

to protect

I p r ~ t e k t /

apsaugoti

PRATIMAI

I. Raskite anglisicus atitikmenis tekste:

.

I . Stovi ratu. 2 .

Paminklai,

palikti

imoni4.

3. Kiekvienas sveria .

4. Tiketa, kad . 5. DideIe sventykla. 6. Pasveik inti pirm


7/34

ove

will fi

nd a way

~ ~ ~ ~ / ~ { ~ ~ ~ _ v


kI

/el/

t5

/ju:/

a county

mam

to cook

beautifully

a fact

native

to put

huge

scientific trade wool to use

GRAMATIKA. ZODZIV DARVBA - DAIKTAVARDIS

Biidingesnes angl4 kalbos daiktavardii4 priesagos yra sios:

AGE

village - kaimas,

cabbage

- kopiistas

AL arrival Ig'ralvll atvykimas , refusal

I n

'fju:zlJ

atsisakymas

ANCE acquaintance

-

pazintis, importance

I lm'p:) :tgns l svarbumas ',

A)TlON dictation - diktantas, exhibition - paroda

DOM freedom - laisve, kingdom - karalyste

ENCE independence

-

nepriklausomybe, difference

-

skirtumas

ER leader j'Ii :d;)/ vadovas, worker - darbininkas

ESS actress - aktore, goddess deive

HOO

childhood /'

tJaddhudl vaikyste

,

neighbourhood

/' nelb:lhudl

kaimynyste

'

ING building - pastatas, ending - galiine

ISM

heroism

J' her;)ulzgml

heroizmas

,

nationalism

J mefn; hzgm l

nacionalizmas

ST

dramatist

-

dramaturgas, scientist

-

mokslininkas

l V -

electricity

-

elektra, nationality

- tautybe

ME

NT

advertisement Igd'v3:tlsm;)nt/ skelbimas,

pavement-

saligatvis

NESS

darkness

- tamsa, kindness - gerumas

OR doctor

Idoktd l

gydytojas, visitor

- lankytojas

SHIP

friendship

-

draugyste, relationship

/n'lclfmJlp/ santykis

SSION

expression

Il k'spreJnl issireiskimas, profession -

profesija

TV cruelty J krugltl l

ziaurumas,

safety / selftl l saugumas

Sudurtiniais vadirtami daiktavardiiai, sudaryti

is

dviej4 savarankiskq

iodii4 Angl4 kalooje jie gali

biiti raSomi

vienu iodiiu (a han d

kerchief, a ' birthplace), . dviem atskirais zodi iais (a washing ma

chine, a native land) arba atskiriami briikSneliu (a teit-spoon; ' a sit

t i n g ~ r o o m ) . Yra daiktavardiit/, jungiam4

prielinksniu,

pvz

.:

a

brother-in-law, a mother-in-law, arba daiktavardii4, sudary

t

4 is atskifl

frazit/, pvz.: a forget -me-not. .

2


For

two hundred years the Eng-

lishmen were at war with the Danes,

King Alfred began to prepare for the

defence of the country , He built a

fleet of ships and fortifications on

the coast Small kingdom s united.

After the victory over the

Danes,

King Alfred did much for his people.

He

opened schools, asked scientists

to translate into English the best works

of

the world , iterature and wrote the .

English code. People named him Al

fred the Great

The panes

returned

to England . .

again and again. They wanted to rule A .

CeltIC

cross

the country. Three Danish kings reigned in the country _ Canute was

the last king, he died

in 1035. .

The Normans attacked the coasts of England from France. Their

leader William had won the Battle

of

Hastings over British in 1066 .

People called him William the Conqnerbr. On Christmas Day of the

same

year he was crowned as king in Westminster Abbey .

:

:

: : :

to be at war /w'J:/ kariauti

Alfred f'relfnd/ Alfredas

defence /dl' fens/ gynyba to rule /ru :l/ valdyti

a fleet /fli :t/ laivy nas to reign /relO/ karaliaut i, valdYli

a

fortification/hufl'keI

Sn/

Canute jb'nu:t/ K


8/34

.

. ~ .

. .-,. .

", -

,

: :

tt

; t I ~ t i h 1 9 t p n t o l 1 i m 4

l f i i 1 \ i { b i e , h u g e ,

p

o

o.

r.

.,-ilinle;

. 'pleasant,

.

'lie'

s a k y k i t e ;

zodziuQse:

.

Cottage,

tlement, . distance,

tist, sentence,

UN

to uncover /An'Mv';)/ atidengti, to

u n d r e ~ s

/1In,'dres/

f l i l ~ i r e ~ g t i

RE (pakartojimo prasme) - to rebuild /' ri:' bIldl atstatYti; ' to rewrite.

r ri :' raIl/ pelTaSyti

.

.

1114

I.

The

king took a large

sum

of money from the people and they

against him . 2 . . . . was chosen to control the k.ing. 3. That was the

1115

. .

.

,

j:

"

.'

SOME FACTS FROM THE HISTORv OF BRITAIN

t l e ~ t e r t o b e born lucky

than

rich

1

- - .

f

Foreign kings ruled the country about two

other

centuries. They

~ ~

took large sums of money. In 1215 people revolted against the king.

t

They wrote a paper where the rights of the

Englishmen

were

put clown.

The

king had

poras:

!

to sign the Great Charter (Magna Carta). A

rich,

unpleasant, expensive,

possi ble, black,

council was chosen to control the king .

white,. chea.p.

..

.

That was the beginning of the English Parlia

ment. But each king wanted to rule Oyer

kokios .

daiktavardzi4

pdesagos

sutinkamos

siuose

the

country

without any parliament.

. ....

Great Britain became powerful in the

middle

of the sixteenth century when Queen

>, . . \ 4

wedding, . cashier, waitress, performance, scientist, set-

Elizabeth I (1558 - 1603) ruled the

country

.

prayer

j

sailor, tradition, visitor, meaning, drama-

\ .

Famous British travellers such as

Walter

author, business, dancing, pronunciation.

" . : ) ~ . - : - I ~ .

.

.

, .

Raleigh and Francis Drake went round the

,:."": . : ~ i . f

.

" ~ . ~

.

. , , '1,' .

: : ; : ~

world . They strengthened tbe British fleet

P a s k u t j n ~

darbo dienq pries iseidamas t pensijq ang/I{ ka/nakasys

" . '

' ~ ' ' "

, . "

and developed trade with other countries.

'..

.-d.

___

is Sefi/do t darb

q

atsineseiadintuvq,

kuris 47 metiJs prike/davo

jt

.

I.

_

King James I united Scotland with Eng

sest

q

va/and

q

ryto is pata/o. Pakiso /aikrodt

po

80 tonI{ sverian6iu

land in 1603 . But people disliked him.

Some Q };T beth

J

presu ir

su

ma/onumu stebejo, kaip

j is

pavirto metaline p/okste/e.

of his enemies decided to kill him by blowing ueen

WI

Go

ahead!

up the

Houses of

Parliament. Guy Fawkes

and his friends put

some

gunpowder in a cellar under the building .

The gunpowder plot was

discovered.

All the

people

taking part in

L SSON FIV

the ' plot were put to death. The ' 5th

of

November

since

1605 is called

Guy Fawkes

' Day.

Sakiniai: I. False. 2. True. 3. True. 4. False.

5.

False. 6. True.

: :

: :

I ~ '

7. True. Antonimai:

impossible

- possible; huge

-little; rich

\. . - poor; unpleasant - pleasant; expensive - cheap; black _

to revolt /n'

v-;;ult/ suki.1ti

Francis Drake

r

fru:nsls 'drell


9/34

.

t . , .

.

n d c r o w n

th

wor

,- ,

t n g

of

i h ~

~ , . .

decIded

gUrlpoV;der ... was

~

....

4. British travellers .

..

the fleet

0\

ships.

5.

King

to blow up the Houses

of

Parhament.

6.

The

discovered.

II

trtilkite teisingq atsakymq:

l

I.

Wool doesn't .

..

much. a) control; b) cost; c) pay; d) watch

2. The enemies .. . their defence.

a) d e v ~ l o p e d ; b reigned; c) strengthened; d) greeted

3.

rv1lJst

we .. . the poem by heart? a) discover;

b)

name; c) wor,

:

:

ship; d) learn

4. Pete Starling ... the rights of the people now. a) isn't studying;

b)

didn't

s t u d y ~ c)

weren't studying;

d)

aren't studying

III

Parasykite sill

iodii4

daugiskaitq,

po

to ' juos taisyklinga,i istarkite:

An emperor, a county, a plain, a ray, an enemy, a battle, a tribe,

a circle, a cross, a worshipper, a spring, a code.

Gineso rekordl./. knygos paroda yra isikOrusi Trokadero kultDros

centre Londone, Pikadilio aiksteje. Jeigu yra pasiekiamas rekordas

kurioje nors srityje, ji turi patvirtinti vietines valdiiOs atstovai.

i

Pirmasis knygos skyrius yra skirtas zmogaus biolbginems

ir

pSichologinems charakteristikoms. Kiti skyriai

-

men

as,

kultara,

architektara, kosmoso laimejimai, transportas, biznis, sportas.

Kiekvienl./.

metl./. pabaigoje

uGineso rekordl./. knyga

skelbia

pasaulines vertes sesis laureatus.

i

Go ahead

L SSON

SIX

Zodiiai:

I.

Revolted.

2.

A council.

3.

Parliament.

4. '

Streng

thened. 5. Enemies.

6.

Plot. Atsakymai: I. b. 2. c.

3.d.

4.

a.

~

Daugiskaita: emperors, counties, plains,. raysienemies,

battles, tribes, circles, crosses, worshippers, spriI)gs, .codes.

Per 5 pamokas jus ismokote siuos daiktavard iius Prisiminkite juos:

advcrtisement l od'v3:tlsmontl skel-

battle

f'

bretlj musIs

bimas

childhood f tfalldhud l vaikyste

a rrival

IO

' f lllvl l atv ykimas

circle

f SJ: kif ratas

l

I

I

I

j

i

1

f

"

coast /k01JSt/ juros kranlas

code

/koud/

jstatyml/ rinkinys

conqueror

r

kOl)br;)/ uzkariautojas

council

f

kaunsl/ taryba

county f kauntl/ grafyste

cross - kryzius

cruelty f kw;)ltI/ ziaurumas

darkness

f'do

:knls/ tamsa

defence /dl' fens/

gynyb

a

doctor /

dokt;)1

gydytojas

enemy f

emml/ priesas

emperor

f

emp;;)r;)/ imperatorius

expre

s

sion Itk'spre[n

l

issireiskimas

fact /frekt/ faktas .

fleet /f1i :t/ laivynas

fortification /.f:J:tlfl' kelfn/ jtvirtlmma s

gunpowder

r gllnpaud;)/ parakas

heroism / her;)ulz;)ml

.

heroizmas

history

r

hlst :lfI/ istorija

kindness f kallldnis/ ge rumas

leader

/'Ii

:d;:,/

vadovas

importance hm' p:u;;)I1s1 svarbumas

literature /' htr;)tf;)/ literatura

metal /'metl/ metalas

Midsummer Day -

lonines

mountain

f'mauntm/

kalnas

nationalism

f'

nrefnohzoml nacionalizmas

neighbourhood rnelbohudl kaimynyste

paper /' pelp:}/ dokumentas

parliam ent /' po:lom;:,nt/ parla mentas

peace /pi :sf taika, ramybc

pig - kiaul.e

plain . /plem/ lyguma

plot - s,!mokslas

ray /rel/ spindulys

refusal In' fju :zl/ atsisakymas

relationship I

n'leIJ

;)nflp l

santykis

right iralt/ teise

sarety

/' selftl l

saugumas

settlement

(setlmJnt/

gyvenviete

spring - saltinis

ton /t ln/ tona

trade /treld/ prekyba

traveller /'trrev;:,l

;

/ keliautojas

tribe /tralb/ gentis

victory /,vlkt;;)fI/ pergale

war

wJ :

karas

wheat /wi :t/ kvieciai

wool

/wul/

vilna

works /wJ:ks/ kiiriniai

Istarkite siuos daiktavardzius taisyklingai


The first colony

of

Great Bri

tain appeared in North America in

1607. Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658)

established a republic

in

1649.

The Great Plague broke out

in

London in 1665. Many people died

of that disease. Some

of

them . left

the city. The cold weather in De

cember stopped it at

last

The summer

of

1666 was very

hot and

qry.

On a Sunday in Sep

tember a great fire broke out in

the city. Thirteen thousand houses

and about one hundred churches

were destroyed. People were left

h o m e l e ~ s

l

zabethan chimneys


10/34

Everyone to hia t te

During the reign of Queen Victoria

(1837

- 190 I) large parts of

Africa

and

Asia became colonies of the British Empire. After the

Second World War a lot of countries - colonies in Canada, Aus

tralia, India

and New

Zealand became independent. Now Great

Britain has Queen Elizabeth II.

She

has no political power.

: : : : :

a colony /'

o l ~ m /

kolonija

a disease /dl' zi :z/ liga

Oliver Cromwell /' o\JV;) 'kromwJI/

to destroy /dl' stDI/ (su)griauti,naikinti

Oliveris Kromvelis

reign /rem/ valdymas

to establish /1' strebhf/ ikurti

Victoria

/vlk'tnl;)/

Viktorija

;

-

plague /plelg/ maras

an empire /' empalJ/ imperija

to break out /brelk/ prasideti

power /'pau;)/ jega, valdzia

PRATIMAI

I.

Atsakykite i klausimus:

I. Who establ ished a republic in 1649? 2. When did the Great

Plague break out? 3.

Was

the summer cold of the

year

1666? 4. Had

people

their homes?

5.

What

can

you

say

about the British

Empire?

6. Has Queen Elizabeth II any political power?

;1

(.

II. ISverskite siuos iodiius "jiiros krantas,

gynyba, taika, svarbumas, imperatorius,

gyvenviete, tona, apskritimas" i angh!

kalb

q

,

po

to juos irasykite i kryiiazodiio

langelius:

Vertikaliai

I

l.

How long was ... Julius Ceasar

reigning in England? 2. The

..

. was found

in the plain. 3. "Children, sit in a . . . .

We'll soon speak about the gunpowder

plot where

Guy Fawkes

and his friends

r

wanted

to blow

up

the Houses of Parlia

ment. 4.

Darkness and

... ruled during

the

whole

night. .

1 1

I

l

,

r--

I

I

l

J

f

r--

f

r--

I

I I

Horizontaliai

5. Can you

explain

me the ... of

these

fortifications? 6.

The

Romans reached the ... of England. 7.

How

many... will these

stones weigh? 8.

Each

country strengthens its ... .

. . 1 .

. { .

III. Prisiminkitc prielin ksnius:

x

I.

Have

you

much

knowledge ... the Battle .

..

Hastings?

2.

Stone

henge is a place where huge stones stand ... a circle. 3 . Earliest

t.

people ... the

British

Isles were pagan and believed .

..

gods. 4. The

flower which breaks ... blossom ... Midsummer Day was believed to

protect the hous e fire and lightning. 5.

The

British traded ... the

,

people who lived ... the sea. 6 . Some English travellers went .. . the

world.

I

r

Losterio mie ste Anglija) buvo organizuota graiiausit.{ naminit.{

gyvuliL{ paroda. Vienuolikamete mokine Ote ine Edmond buvo labai

isiteidusi

del

iiuri

nutarimo.

Jos

Vilis -

23

centimetrt.{ ilgio sliekas

- negavo jokio p r i z ~

Go he d !

L SSON S V N

Kryziazodis: I. Emperor. 2. Settlement. 3. Circle. 4. Peace.

5. Importance. 6. Coast. 7. Tons. 8. Defence. Prielinksniai :

I.

About, of.

2.

In. 3. On, in. 4. Into, on, from. S. With,

across. 6. Round.


liXl

lsi

lell

kl

a battle a circle a

fortification

a

county

to

establish defence a paper

cruelty

a fact

importance

a ray

a victory

GRAMATIKA. NEVEIKIAMOJIROSIS - PASSIVE VOICE /'preslv VJIS/

Angh!

kalboj

e veiksmaiodis turi dvi rusis: veikiamqjq ir

neveikiamqjq.

Veikiamosios

rusles veiksmazodis reiskia veiksml),

kuri atlieka veiksnys. Jei veiksnys yra asmllo (daiktas) , kuris yra

veikiamas kito asmens

(daikto),

tai veiksmazodis vartojamas

neveikiamqja riisimi. Neveikiamoji riisis yra labiau paplitusiangl4

nei

lietuvi4 kalbojc. Keiciant veikiamosios riisies sakinius

neveikiamosios riisies sakiniais, veikiamosios riisies sakinio papildinys

virsta neveikiamosios rusles sakinio

veiksniu,

0 veikiamosios

rUsies sakinio veiksnys virsta papildiniu neveikiamojoje riisyje.

Neveikiamosios riisics laikai sudaromi is pagalbinio veiksrrtazodzio

"to be" atitinkamo laiko (Present, Past, Future Simple) ir:Pflgrindlnio

veiksmazodiio trecios formos arba taisyklingo veiksma.iodzio,

turinCio priesagq "cd" .


11/34

l keist4. r e k o r d 4 l e n t e / ~ irasytas angl4. studentas Piteris Holvaidas.

Jis.

e l j a k J u p s c i ~ s 12,Q

'myl os

nvejo

per

1;3 v ~ / a n d 4 52

minutes.

I/giausias nemigos rekordas

priklausb

Rodienui

Gui - 23

metL[

anglui, kuris ne::;umerke aki4. dvylika dienl.[, nenaudodamas oki4.

Keep

something for

a

rainy

day

stimuliuojanil:[

iJaist4.

. $avo b;;mdymq.fts turejo nutraukt i prasidejus

'

haliucinacijoms.

'..

f.

Go ahead

Neveikiamosios riisies formos paprastai va rtojamos tada, kai

norima pabreiti veiksm'!, pvz.: These .books are sold everywhere.

Sios knygos yra parduodamos visur. The let ter will be sent soon.

LESSON

EIGHT

Jeigu veiksmo atl ikejas yra svarbus minCiai

uibaigti,

tada

Zodiiai: I. Defence, 2. Wheat . 3. Gunpo""der.

4.

Wor

vartojamas prielinksnis "by", pvz,: The poem

he

truth is written

shipper. 5, Plot. 6. Fact. Garsai:

/k/

a crown, a victory,by Vanessa Green. The chair and the table in the room were

a code, a cross ; /all/ a county, pOWer, down, to break

done by my father. The text"will be translated by Aminta.

out; /u/ to strengthen, a kingdom, aconquerof; '


12/34

heweakest goes

t the

wall

. , . . . . ~ ' ; :

~ . ~ J - ; : ' :

" ' ~ " " ,

..

r

li):-

'

k . ; l t ~ ~ - . ~ , . ~ ~ . ~

I:f; :" 1:'7;. . - -

'I'-"-r'

r:;.I;'

1

f

~ ~ . - : i '

make speeches in the

large zoo . St James's

another. People

come

or go in for sports.

Some streets are nalTOW and dirty, but

.

others

are . clean,

wide

and

famous

for

something.

Fleet .

Street

is for newspaper

repOlters, at 10 Downing Street the Prime

Minister lives.

The Mall

leads to

Buckingham

Palace. . It

is the Que

en s

residence. foreign guests visit the ~ r i t i s h

Museum.

a d a m ~ Tilssaud's

exhibition

is in the northern part of the capital.

The Houses of Parliament stand on

the . bank of the Thames.

parliament is one of the

world.

Hyde Park is the

biggest

Speakers'

Comer.

Regent's

Park and Green Park are not

to the

:

10 situate /' slljuell/ issideslyti

a station f'steIJn/ storis

a deck IdekJ aukstas

a taxi /' tikst! taksi

10 paint Ipelllt daiyti

a tower f'tavo/ bokStas

to raise /relz/ kelti

to sail /sell/ plaukti

Fleet Sireet f' fli:tstri :t/ Flytslrytas

a reporter

/n '

pJ:t'J/ reporteris

Downing f'daUnll)/ Dauningas

Prime /pralm/ Minister f'mlllisto/

Ministras Pirmininkas

parks to have a rest,

:

: :

the Mall

1

01321 Malas

The

British

oldest in the

one. People

Park has a

far from one

read a book

Buckingham /'

l \ k l l ) ~ m /

Palace

/'

pa:Jrs/

Bakingemo rumai .

a residence f' rezloa

ns

l rezideilcija

Madame Tussaud's Ima

diEm

La' sy dzl

ponia Tusodz . . .

northern o ~ n / siaurinis

Hyde Park Ihaldl Haid parkas

a speaker /' spi:kal kalbetojas

a speech /spi :tJ/ kalba

Regent /'ri:d30nt/ Regentas .

a zoo /zu:/ zoologijos sodas

that

is why

-

staikodel

.

PRATIMAI

I. Raskite angliskus atitikmenis tekste:

I . Toli nuo Siaures juros. 2. Pagrindinis transportas.. J . Yisi yra

raudoni . 4. Kurios gali buti pakeitos. 5. Plankti po

ju o

. 6.. S i a u r i . . t H ~ j e

sostines dalyje. 7. Vienas nuo kito. 8. Sportuoja.

1122

,

\

J

!

!

I

r

r

I

I

I

f.

l

i

r

Il.lrasykite iodzius "some

, a, any " :

I. There aren't .. . springs in

that

part of the forest. 2. Please, give me

... glass of orange juice. 3. Is there ... pet.rol in . the lorry? 4. ... man

from the tribe was asked ... more questions . .5.

He

could pay for the

wheat as he had ... money . 6. It is ... long expression . That ' s why

children

make .. . mistakes

when

saying it .

III

Prisiminkite biidvardii4 priesagas, po to isverskite iodiius i angl4

kalb1!:

Be vandens, belapis, nesvarbus, neiinomas, iikanota, debesuotas,

te

chniskas

,

architektiirinis

,

nemandagus, neimanomas.

Anglai Lianas Dinas

ir

Maikas Keinas pasieke pasaulio rekordq,

begdami su nevirtu kiausiniu arbatiniame saukstelyje.

43,45 km

nuotolis buvo iveiktas

p r 5

val

38 min

Go

ahead

L SSON

NIN

odiiai

: I . Any .

2.

A. 3. Any.

4.

A, some. 5. Some. 6. A,

some

..

Budvardiiai

: waterless, leafless, unimportant, un

known, foggy,

cloudy,

technical, architectural, impolite,

impossible .

GRAMATIKA PRESENT SIMPLE

N

THE PASSIVE VOICE

Teigiamoji fonna

I

am

asked - as esu paklaustas

You are asked - tu esi paklaustas

He is

asked - jis yra paklaustas

She is asked - ji yra paklausta

It is

built - jis, ji

(d

.) yra pastatytas

We are asked - mes esame paklausti

You are asked - jus esate paklausti

They are asked - jie, jos yra pakJausti

, Neigiamoji fonna

I am

not

asked - as nesu paklaustas

You are not asked - tu nesi paklaustas

He

is

not asked - jis ,nera pak!austas

She

is

not asked - ji

ner

a, paklausta

It is not built - jis. ji (d .) nera pastatytas .

We are not asked - mes nesame

p a k l i l u ~ } i

.

You are not asked -

jUs

nesate paklau,stj

They are not asked jie, jo'snera paklatiSti

1123

".{"


13/34

Knowledge is power

~

Klausiamoji forma

Am

I asked? Ar as esu paklaustas?

Are you asked? Ar tu esi paklaustas?

Is he asked? .Ar jis yra paklaustas?

Is she asked? Ar ji yra paklausta?

Is

it

built? Ar jis, ji (d.) yra pastatytas?

Are we asked? Ar mes esame paklausti?

Are you asked? Ar

jus

esate pakJausti?

Are they asked? Ar jie, jos yra paklausti?

tsakymai

Teigiami

Neigiami

Yes, I

am

- taip,

s

esu paklaustas

No, I am

not

- ne ,

as

nesu paklaustas

Yes, you are - taip,

tu

esi paklaustas

No , you

are

nol " ne ,

lu nesi

paklaustas

Yes, he is - taip, jis yra paklaustas

No,

he

is

not

-

ne,

jis nera paklaustas

Yes, she

is

- taip, ji

yra

paklausta

No, she is not - ne , ji nera paklausta

Yes , it is - laip, jis, ji (d.)

yra

pastatytas

No,

it is not -

ne,

jis, ji (d.)nera pastatylas

Yes, we are - laip, mes esame paklausti

No, we are

not

- ne, mes nesame paklausti

Yes, you

are

- taip, jOs esate paklausti No, you

are not - ne , jOsnesate paklausli

Yes, they are - taip, jie, jos yra paklausti

No,

they

are not

-

ne,

jie, jos nera paklausti

LONDON

The Tower of London was a fortress. t was built nine

centuries ago by

William

the Conqueror.

Once

it

was

a royal

residence, a prison, a zoo, a

mint

and

the

Royal Observatory for

a short time . Now the

Tower

is a museum.

The

fortress

is

guarded by the Yeoman Warders who still wear the old 16th

century unifOim. At 10 p.m. the

Tower

is locked for night.

St Paul s

Cathedral

is Sir Christopher Wren's masterpiece. t

was built at the beginning of the 18th century. Wren was a

famous English architect. Westminster Abbey is a historical

building. English kings and queens were crowned there .

The

Houses

of

Parliament stand on the

bank

of

the river.

There are

two

towers: the

Clock Tower

with Big

Ben

and the Victoria

Tower

with the British flag flying on it. Big Ben is the main

clock

in Britain.

Trafalgar Square is in

the

centre

of

London.

There

is the

Nelson Column

in the middle. Four

bronze

lions guard the

monument.

It is the

place

for meetings and

demonstrations

.

1124

I

The

National GaJlery on

the

northt;rn side of the square

has a rich collection of

1

pictures . Piccadilly Circus is

I

not big, but it has the statue

of

God

of Love in the

middle.

London

is divided into

I

I.

some parts. The City is the

heart

of

London . The Mansion

House and

the

Bank of

England can be

found there.

Rich people live in the West

I

End. .

Big shops,

hotels, art he National allery

t,

gallenes

and

museums are . .

situated here.

To

the east of

Westminster is the East End for the poor to live in.

.

The capital with 8

million people living

is a city. There are a

great number of interesting places to visit and to look at here.

:

:

: : :

a fortress

fJ

:tns/ tvirtove

Nelson Column f'nelsn k D I ~ m /

a prison pnm/ kalejimas

Nelsono Kolona

a mint - pinig4 kalykla a lion j'Jal:Jn/ liOtas

an observatory / ~ b Z 3 : V ~ ) \ f I / obser

a meeting Fmi:ul)/ mitingas

valorija

a demonstration /.dem:m'streIJn/ de

Yeomen Warders

j j:lUm;>n

d n /

monstracija

karaliskieji sargybiniai

the National Gallery

na:fnl

'ga:IJn/

a uniform u:mfJ:m/ uniforma

Nacionaline Galerija

to lock /Iuk/ uzrakinti

a collection

/ko

1ekJn/ kolekcija

St Paul's /p'J:lz/ Sv. PauJiaus

Piccadilly CirclIs /.plb'dlh 's3:bs/

a cathedral /b'6i :dfl;)l/ katedra

Pikadilio aikste

Christopher Wren r n s t J f ~ 'ren/

art /o :t/ menas

Kristoferis Renas

the Mansion House /'mamJn/ Lon

a masterpiece j'mo:stopi:s/ sedevras

dono lordo mero rezidencija

an architect a:kllekt/ architektas

West /East End - vakarine/ rytine

Trafalgar Square t6 f

::e

lgJ/ Trafalgaro

Londono miesto dalis

aikste

PR TIM I

I

Atsakykite

i

klausimus:

I . Do you want to visit tlie Tower of London? 2. How is the

fortrxss guarded? 3. Is Christopher Wren a famous English writer . or

JO\rchitect? 4. Can you describe Trafalgar Square? 5. How 1111\ l:W lions

guard the Nelson Column ? 6. What statue is in the middle of

Piccadilly Circus? 7,

The

City

is

the heart

of

London, isn't tt?

1125


14/34

A good name

is

sooner

lost than

won

II.

Raskite tekste Present

Simple in

the Passive Voice atvejus:

III. Atkreipkite demesj

neveikiarnosios riisies

paprasto esamojo

l

a-i

ko sakinio struktur'!:

I.

All the questions on English literature

ar

e answered

by

Emily

Wood welL 2. Your signature must be put on this paper.

3.

Why

is

the relationship between Bret and Aminta so much talked about?

4.

The wheat are not grown in that fieJd.

5. How

is Midsummer Day

celebrated in Lithuania? 6. I

can t

notice the advertisement which

is

written in small letters.

7.

Why is he called by stich a strange name?

8.

These English expressions are learnt

by

all the children.

Netoli Londono gyvenantil[ Stokeril[ sode yra labai neiPrasta

ligonine . Joje gydosi

5

pacientl[ - etiai. StokeriQ nuomone

kasmet takstanciai

sill

mie/l[ tverelil[ patenka po automobilio

ratais arba suserga fvairiomis ligomis. Ligonineje jau gydesi per

4000 etil[ is jl[ 80 procentl[ pasveiko.

Go

ahead

L SSON

T N

- i

eveikiamoji rUsis esamasis laikas: is guarded, is locked,

is divided, can be found , are situated.

Per 5 pamokas jus

ismokote

siuos budvardzius. Prisiminkite juos:

blue-eyed /,blu:al d/ mclynakis

lausomas

childish /'lfaddlf/ vaikiskas

impoli te /.Imp;)lan/ nemandagus

comfortable /' A m f t ~ b l / patogus

impossible /1m' o s ~ b l / nejmanomas

dark-blue - tamsiai melynas invisible

/10'

v l z ~ b l /

nematomas

ealable

f i : t ~ b l /

vaIgomas

iron-grey f 'aizmgreI/ - p il ka s kai p

good-looking - iavus

geleiis

hard /ho:d/ kiclas

foolish

/ fu

:hf/ kvailas

homemade

/hotnn

meld/ nam\.)

long-tailed

/

101)'telld/- ilgauodegis

darbo main /mem/ pagrindinis

independent /mdl'pendonl/ neprik-

native / nelliv/ gimtasi.s.

1126

possible

/ , p o s ~ b l /

gaJimas sky-blue - melynas kaip dangus _

red-hot -

ikaitintasiki

T

t ~ n \ l

nesvarous

scienti fi c / sa lon' tl fIk/ moksl inis unforge ttable /Anfo'getobl/ neuzmirSlamas

sensible /'seosobl/ suprantanlis_ _unpleasant /An 'pleznl/ nemalonus

Istarkite siuos budvardzius taisyklingai

BIG BEN IN LONDON

The Clock Tower

is in the

Houses of Parliament. The clock

is one

of

the finest

clocks

in the

world. It began to

work

in 1859.

Th e fi gur es on il a re

24

inches

long , the minute hand is 14 feet

and

the hour hand is 9 feet long,

The

bell

weighs 13

.5 tons,

The

clock bell is named

Big Ben

The

man who had to

look

after the

clock s work

was Benjamin

:tIali .

H e was a very tall

man

and his

nickname was

Big Ben

From that

time people began to call the

dock

Big Ben

There

is no lif t

in

the Tower.

But there 340 steps up Lo Big Ben. At night a light 011 lOp of the

Clock

Tower shows that Parliament is -

in

session

: : :

:

a figure /'fIgo/ skailmllo

a lop - virsus

a bel l - va rpas

to be

in

session /'seJn/ posediiauti

a nickname /,mknelm/ pravarde

Benjamin Hall f'bend:pmlO 'hJ:l!

a step - laiptel is

Bendzaminas Holas

lip /Ap/ i VirSL

PRATIMAI

I.

Pavartokite sakiniuose prielinksnius:

1. The British Isles consist

..

, many small islands.

2.

Stonehenge

is

known all .. the world, 3.

The

Oreat Plague broke out

..

. 1666.

4. English kings wanted to rule the

country...

any parliament.

5.

Al-

fred the Oreat asked

som

e scientists to translate .,. English the best

works ,

..

world literature. 6. The emperor Hadrian built the wall .. ,

t h e ~ R i v e r Tyne . 7. Can you see figtlres .. , this bell?

II.

lminkite

m i s l ~

Why

is

the letter

0

like th e sun?

1127


15/34

WitS she asked? Ar ji buvo pitklaust'l')

Was

it

built? Ar jis, ji (d.) buvo pa.statytils')

Were we asked? Armes buvome paklausti?

Were you asked? Ar jUs buvote paklausti?

here

is a

tim

and place for everything

Were they asked')

Ar

jie, jos buvo paklausti

Atsakymai

Pagal britl.[ liaudies tradicijC/. vasario 29 qjC/. silpnosios Iyties

Teigiami

atstoves turi visiskC/. teisfl

drC/.siai

pareikSti neryztingiems savo

Yes, was - taip, as buvau paklauslas

Yes, you were - taip, ttl btlvai paklauslas

Kadaatsirado sitaspaprotys?

1288

metais Skotijoje buvo priimtas

kavalieriams: Gal jau gana uzuominl.[? SiDlau savo rank

q

ir sirdj.

Yes, he was - laip, jis buvo paklaustas

Yes, she was - taip, ji buvo paklausta

istatymas, patvirti nfls moterl.[ teises vasario 29

dienC/. Atmetfls

Yes,

it

was - taip, jis, ji (d.) buvo pastatytas

pasiQlymctkavalierius buvo priverstas

moketi

baudC/.

.

Yes, we were - taip, mes buvome paklausti

Go

ahead

Yes, you were - laip, jus buvole paklausti

Yes, they were . taip, jie, jos buvo paklausti

L SSON L V N

I

Neigiami

No, I was not . ne, as nebuvau paklaustas

.,

t

Prielinksniai : I. Of.

2.

Over.

3.

In. 4. Without.

5.

Into,

of.

No, you were not - ne, tu nebuvai paklaustas

.

.

6.

Along.

7.

On. Misle: because

it

is in the centre of the

f

No, he was not - ne, jis nebuvo paklaustas

.

, .

:

word

Ijght

No, she was not - ne, ji nebuvo pakiausta

:i

No, it was not - ne, jis, ji (d.) nebuvo pastatytas

l

I

No, we were not - ne, mes nebuvome paklausti

GRAMATlKA PAST SIMPLE

N

THE PASSIVE VOICE

No, you were not ne, jUs nebuvote paklatlsti

Teigiamoji forma

j

No, they were not - ne, jie, jos nebuvo paklausti

''':

I was asked - as buvau paklaustas

You were asked - tu buvai paklaustas

GREENWICH

He was asked - jis buvo paklallstas

t

;

he was asked - ji buvo paklausta

Greenwich is five miles down the River Thames from London

It

was built - jis, ji

d

.) buvo pastatytas

f

BTidge.

It

is an old town and port situated in the part

of

south-east

We were asked - mes buvome paklausti

London. Its population is over two hundred thousand people. The

You were asked - jus buvote paklausti

place is famous

fOT

the

zeTO

meTidian which passes through the

They were asked - jie, jos buvo paklausti

building.

Neigiamoji forma

The

Royal

ObseTvatoTY

was designed by the English aTchitect Sir

Christopher Wren in 1675 .

The

Observatory is known as the mu

I was nOI asked - as nebuvau paklaustas

seum of Astronomy. People can find telescopes and old clocks

YOli were not asked - tll nebuvai paklaustas

there. The first astTonomer to wor.k here was John Flamsteed. The

He was not asked - jis nebllvo paklaustas

exact time at Greenwich is called GTeenwich Mean Time.

She was not asked - ji nebuvo paklausta

It was not built - jis, ji (d.) nebuvo pastatytas

:

: :

.

:

.

e were not asked - mes nebuvome paklausti

You were

nOI

asked -

jUs

nebuvote paklausti

Greenwich j'gnll1d31 Grinvica s an astro nomer /;)S tron'Jm;)/ astro

They were not asked - jie, jos nebuvo paklausti

a population jpopju'leIJn/ gyventojai

nomas

Klausiamoji forma

a .,meridian /m'J' ndl:m/ dienovidin is

exact j ig' zrekt/ tikslus

to design /dl' zam/ suprojektuoti mean /mi:n/ time - vidutinis laikas

Was I asked?

Ar

as bllvall paklaustas?

astronomy /


16/34

I. ISverskite

biidvardii

us

delis, karaliskas, kvailas,

tomas,

iavus,

nepriklausomas,pavojingas, val

gomas, nesvarus,

senas

i angll)

kalb'l ir jrasykite juos i Jabirinti):

I

1

,

I

LESSON TWI;LVE

Every

man

has

his price

,. Labirintas: big, royal, foolish, .unvisible,good-Iooking, un

~ ~

: forgettable, independent, dangerous, eatable, dil1y, old.

Veikiamoj i rtisis: I..The British Empire often strengthened

. . the fleet. 2. A gooi:Hooki ng miln greets Vanessa every

RATIMAt

J!

morning 011 her way to the work 3. The enemies attacted

the 'settlement.

4.

The queen didri't sign the. S..Guy Fawkes didn't

di

blow up the Parliament

6. Workers

d e s t r { y ~ d .old buildings in -a month;

nema

7.

Ice

covers the lakes when the temperature is over twenty degrees

neuimirstamas,

below zero.

Per 6 -10 pamokas jus ismokote siuos ~ i k t a v a r d z i u s . Prisimiokite

juos:

architect /' o:ktlekt/ architeklas nickname /'ntknetm/ pravarde

art /0 :t/ menas

observatory . /;,b't;J :valrt/ observalorija

bell - varpas

plague /pleig/maras .

II. Parasykite sakinius neigia

rna ir klausiama forma :

cathedral /k;) 8i :dn;}l/ kaledra

power /' pam / jega, valdiia

coUeclion /k;} 'lekJn/ kolekcija

prison /'prrzn/ kaIejimas

'-'':;'

I. Australia was discovered

colony /'kol:mt/ kolonija

reign /rem/

valqymas

by some travellers. 2. The country

dt;ck /dekJ aukslas

reporler In reporter is

was reigned '

by

the queen for a

demonstralion /.deman'stretJn/ de:

.residence rreztdans/ rezidencija

long time.

3.

The fortifications

monslracija

speaker /' spi:b/ .kalbelojas .

were built by the

conquerors

. 4.

Three

houses

were destroyed

by fire.

disease

/di

'zi:z/

Jjga

speech /spi:tJ/ kalba

il

S. Some codes were signed by the president. 6. The tower was designed

empire /'empat:l/ imperija

..

step -laiptelis

figure /'ftga/skallmuo

taxi I'liEkst tnksi

by

a

famous architect.

7.

That mint was guarded

by

strong

people.

fortress / 'h:tns/ lvirtove

lOP ' - -virsus

lion

/'I

atan/ iulas

lower J taU;}/ bokStas

masterpiece (rno ;slapi :s/ .sedevras

uniform

/'ju

:nthml uniforma

8. These texts

were

translated by the reporters.

1/1 Pakeiskite neveikiamosios riisies sakinius veikiamosips riisies

meetifig I'mi:ltl)/ mitingas

zoo /zu:/ zoologijos sodas

sakiniais,

pvz.: Springs and trees were worshipped by pagans. Pagans

mint pinigl. kalykla

worshipped springs

and

trees. .

;r

I s t a r k i t ~

siups

d ~ i k t a v a r d Z : i u s taisyklingai

f

I. The fleet was often strengthened by the British Empire: 2. Vanessa

is greeted by a good-looking man every mopung oU" ):er way to the

THE BRITISH ISLES, GEOGRAPHY

work. 3. That settlement was attacted by the

enemie.


17/34

..

Dhoo and Glass

ri

vers from

which it takes

its

name

.

The

earliest inha-

a rock /rok/ uola

a scenery

r

si:n:lfI/ peizaias, vaizdas

Wisdom aIways goes by ye

rs

a reef /ri:f/ povandenine uola

the Orkneys (O:knIZ/ Orkniq salos

Sark /su:k/ Sarkas

the Shetland Islands f'Jetbnd/

beauty /'bju:t1/ grazis

Setland!! salos

coastal rbustl pakrantes, kranto

PRATIMAI

I

Atsakykite i klausimus:

I . How many islands are lhere around the British Isles? 2. What

is the total area of the British Isles? 3. The Irish Sea is between

:].

bitants

of

the

Great Britain and Ireland, isn't it? 4. Is the Isle

of

Man in the North

Isle of Man

Sea? 5. Can you explain the name of the lown Douglas? 6. Where

were Celts. The '

is the beautiful coastal scenery? 7. Are there many sea birds on the

Channel Islands

Shetland Islands? 8. Do you want to visit the British Isles?

lie south

of

Eng-

;1

II Raskite pasleptus zodZius :

is

surrounded

land. Alderney

I . Re + uostas + er = ?

4. Uni + fonna = ?

by rocks and

2. Nikas + vardas = ?

5. Arc + suduoti + ect =?

reefs. Sark' is

3. Pri + sunus "'?

6. Seimininkas

+ ~ a b a l a s

=?

known for the

beauty of ' the

III. {rasykite pagal prasmy zodzius "empire, reporters, steps, figures,

coastal scenery.

speech, plague, colonies, lions, observatory, bells" : .

.

In

the north

;.

there are the

1. Can you notice these " . on the wall?

2.

There is no .:. in the

r

Orkneys

which

town.

3.

The ." were listening to the " .

of

the speaker

in

Hyde

consist

of

more

Park. 4. The British ". had a lot of ". in the 19th century. S. How

than seventy is-

inany ". has this cathedral?

6.

When did the ". in England break

lands. There are

out? 7. May I go up these .to top of the . tower? 8. Are there

millions

of

sea

African ." in this zoo?

birds

on the

t

Shetland Isles.

Angli)6s viesbuci4. tarnautoj4. suvaziiwime buvo isrinktas

idealiausias viesbucio gyventojas. Juo vieningai pripatintas

.

suo. Viesbuci4. specialist4. n u o i n o n ~

jis

niekada nebando

;

,

suvedzioti

kambarini4.. nevagia pelenini4.. nebOna girta ;;

nepradegina cigaretemis patalynes. neval6rankSluosciais

bat4

ir

niekada nesiskundtia.

.

.;

geography /d31 ogr;lfl/ geogra fija

Go

ahead

o wann /w'J :m/ sildyti

total r ;ltJtl/ bendras

Gulf /g/.If/ Stream /stri:m/ Golfo srove

..

an area re;m;)/ plotas

the Isle

of

Man ;/men!

Meno

salasquare /skwe;l/ kvadratinis

L SSON

THIRT N

ouglas . J'dAgl;iS! Duglas

to include Im'klu:d/ jskaityti

a valley /' vIDli/ sleilis

Scotland rskoU;lnd/ Skotija

a conftuence /' kbrifluons/ santaka

Zodziai: I. Reporter. 2. Nickname. 3. Prison. 4.

{jni-

Wales /wellz/ Velsas

the Dhoo /du:/ DIJ .

.....

'. .

fonn. 5. Architect. 6. Masterpiece. Sakiniai : l. . Figures.

rish r alanf/ airiq

an inhabitanl /10 hrebll:mt/ gyventojas

t

;;2.

Observatory

. 3

Reporters,

speech . 4. Bn'lpirc,

continent (kontlO;lnt/ zemynas

Alderney /,'J :id:lnt/ Alcternejus

colonies.

5. Bells. 6. Plague. 7.

S t e p ~ . 8.

Lions.

II?>?

1133

m p o the British lSles

: : :

:

:


18/34

1134

No, they will not be - ne, jie,

jos

nehus pakluusti

35

All

happiness is

in th mind

Kartojimas. Garsiai

istarkite

/3:/

/0:/

/ju:/

/i:/

a circle

an architect

beauty

a disease

an observatory

art

a refusal

to greet

to

worship

darkness

to unite a meeting

THE BRITISH ISLES. GEOGRAPHY

There are no high

mountains on the British

Isles. But Scotland is a

mountainous country,

especially in the north.

The

highest peak is

Ben Nevis (4.400 feet)

in the Grampian moun

tains. The Pennine

Chain in England runs

down from the north

through the centre. There are the Cumbrian Mountains

in

Wales.

Snowdon (3.300 feet) is the highest peak in North Wales. The

territory

of

Ireland is covered with green hills and no part of the

island is more than 70 miles from the sea.

,

,

The British Isles have many rivers, but they are not very long.

-

t

The longest is the Severn which flows into the Irish Sea. The Clyde

is Scotland's most important river. Many

of

the English and Scottish

rivers are joined with canals.

It

is possible to travel by waLer from

t .

one end

of

Great Britain to the other. The River Shannon is the

,

largest one in Ireland .

: : :

:

:

mountainous I'maunttn;}s/ kalnuolas

the Pennine Chain

f penatn 'tfem/

a peak /pi:k/ virsukalne

Penim! kalnai

to flow !fl;}u/ teketi

the Cumbrian Mountains f'MmbTl;}n/

t

a territ ory I'tent;}T1/ terito rija Kambro kalnai

to join /d3"Jm/ suUungti)

the Severn f'sev:m/ Sevemas

a canal /k;Y'mel/ kanalas

the Clyde /klatd/ Klaidas

the Grampians grrempl;)nz/

the Shannon rfren;}n/ anonas

Grampianq kalnai

GRAMATIKA. FUTURE SIMPLE

N

THE PASSIVE VOICE

Teigiiiinoji forma

I shall be asked - as bDsiu paklaustas

You will be asked - tu biisi paklaustas

He

will

be

asked - jis bus paklaustas

She will be asked - ji bus paklausta

It will be huilt - jis, ji (d.) bus pastatytas

We shall be asked - mes busime paldaus

ti

You will be asked - jiis busite paklausti

They will be asked - jie, jos bus paklausti

Neigiamoji

forma

I shall not be asked - as nebusiu paklaustas

You will not be asked -

tu

nebiisi paklaustas

He will not be asked - jis nebus paklaustas

She will not be asked - ji nebus paklausta

It will not be built - jis, ji (d.) nebus pastatytas

We shall not be asked - mes nebusime paklausti

You will not be asked - jiis nebiisite paklausti

They will not be asked - jie, jos nebus paklausti

Klausiamoji forma

Shall I be asked?

AT

as bOsiu paklaustas?

Will you be asked? AT tu bOsi paklaustas?

Will he be asked? Ar jis bus paklaustas?

Will she be asked? Ar ji bus paklausta?

Will it be built? Ar jis, ji (d .) bus pastatytas?

Shall we be asked?

Ar

mes

bClSime

paklausti?

WiJl you be asked?

AT

jus busite paklausti?

Will they be asked? Ar jle, jos bus paklausti?

. Atsakymai

Teigiami

Yes, I shall be - taip, as busiu paklaustas

Yes, you will be - laip, tu biisi paklauslas

Yes, he will be - taip, jis bus paklauslas

Yes, she will

be

- taip, ji bus paklausla

Yes, il will be - laip, jis, ji (d.) bus pastatylas

Yes, we shall be - taip,

mes

biisime paklausti

Yes, you will be - taip, jus busite paklausti

Yes, they will be - laip, jie, jos bus paklaustl

Neigiami

No, I shall not be - ne, as nebOsiu paklaustas

No, you will not be - ne,

III

nebusi paklaustas

No, he will not be - ne, jis nebus paklaustas

No, she will not be - ne, ji nebus paklausta

'. No, it will not be - ne, jis, ji (d.) neb us pastatytas

No, we .;ilhall not be - ne, mes nebi':tsime paklausti

No, you will nOI be - ne, jOs nebusile paklausti


19/34

Third time lucky

~ _ ~ ( ; ; . . - - . . ~ ...

.

~ . . - : : - 7

r , .. . q. .--

.

=

PRATIMAI

I. Raskite angliskus atitikrnenis tekste:

I .

Ypac siaureje.

2.

Per cen

t r ~ .

3

Yra padengta iaIiomis

kalvomis. 4. Daugiau negu.

5

Kuri iteka. 6. IS vieno galo

i

k i t ~

II. Parasykite siuos sakinius

klausiama forma :

I.

That tall boy will

be

nick

named by his friends . 2. Seri

ous diseases will

be

described

by the doctors . 3. The

road

will be

widened next

year .

4. New texts will be rewritten

by Emily. 5 Money from the

S

T

P

I.

A

G

U

E

E

T

H

0

E

N

P

R

0

I

S

E

D H

W

0

G

I

L

N

I

N

P

E

L

0 E

V

T E

I B L

R

E I

P R

I

- -

.--

E

C

P

0 F

P 0

E

U

N

R

U

E

G

N

S 0

N I

mint will be sent to the bank .

6

The fence will

be

blackened by my

father. 7. Three canals will be joined together. 8. The confluence of

the two rivers will be reached by boat. 9

The

scenery will be

painted by Anetta.

III. Periiiirekite

l a b i r i n t ~

atidiiai

..

Jame

yra 3 spalvlJ

pavadinimai,

4 skaitvardiiai, 8 veiksmaiod iiai, 10 daiktavardiil./. Dirbkite vertikaliai,

horizontaliai, istriiai, is apacios i virslJ, is desines i kairrr:

Airija garseja aromatingu viskiu. Manoma,

kad

airiai pirmieji patino

bendravimo su ugniniu gerimu dtiaugsmCj, kurio pavadi nimas kilfts

is gell / kalbos uiski bita gyvasis vanduo. Viskio gamybos

pas/apti i 8kotijq atnese gudragalviai

airil /

vienuoliai.

Anglai si

gerimq

patino

tik XII

amtiuje

. atvykft

i ~ i r i l . / .

temft

su

ugnimi ir

kalaviju. Airiskas viskis labai skiriasi nuo skotiskojo. 8kotiSkasis

- tai simtaprocentinis salyklinil / mietil./. produktas, oairiai salyklinius

mieiius perpus maise

su

paprastaisiais . Statinese skotiskasis

viskis is/aikomas ne matiau kaip trejus metus, 0 Airijoje}is islaikomas

matiausiai

septynerius metus. Viskio gamybos firmos Airijoje atsirado XVIII amtiaus

pabaigoje, 0 8kotijoje

XIX

simtmecio viduryje.

Go

ahead

1136

~

L SSON FOURT N

Labirintas : Spalvos - red, white, blue. Skaitvardziai - one,

four, nine, ten . Daiktavardiiai - son, power, residence,

plague, light, step, ton, pen, prison, top. Veiksmaiodiiai

_ use, develop, are, is, reign, go, hit, open.

Per 6

10

pamokas jus

ismokote siuos

veiksmazodzius. Prisiminkite

juos:

to be in session seJnl posediiauti

to break out /brelkl prasideti

to

destroy

Idl'stnll

(su)griauti, naikinti

to establish Il'strebllJI ikurti

to

lock

[lokI

uzrakinti

to paint Ipemtl

daiyti

to raise

Irelzl

kelti

to sail Isell pl aukti

to situate

I'

Sltjuelt1

iSsidestyti

Istarkite siuos

veiksmazodzius taisyklingai

THE BRITISH ISLES

England, Ireland and Scotland have a lot of beautiful lakes.

The biggest one is Lough Neagh in Northern Ireland. The most

famous lakes

in

England are situated in the Lake District. Loch

Lomond, which is

24

miles long in Scotland, has more than 30

islands .

There are no great forests in the British Isles today. The most

famous one is Sherwood Forest which

is

in the east

of

England.

It was the home of Robin Hood. The mild and damp climate is

very good for agricu lture, vegetable farming and cat tle breeding.

ENGLAND

England is the largest part of the United Kingdom. The NOIth

Sea , the Irish Sea and the Atlantic Ocean

wash the coasts of England . The River

Thames rises in the Cotswolds.

It

(334 km)

flows through London into the North Sea.

Kent is a peninsula in the south-east

comer of England. It is the nearest English

county to the Continent.

The

Romans, led

by Julius Caesar, first landed here. The

distance of

35

kilometres separates Kent

from France. Kent is very often called th

Garden of

Eng/and. The

place is famous

for vegetables, fruit and flowers .

The

'

peninsula gives the English people wool

and mutton. Autumn is the time for hop gathering.

1137


20/34

5matf i

beautffut

:.

. .

:

. . ......

. i .

a lough (loch) jlokj

eietas

Neagh jnelj Nejus (ereras)

a diStrict

(dlstnktj

krastas

Lomond

jb mondj

Lemondas

Sherwood Forest

I'fl:wud/

Servudo

miskas .

Robin Hood /hudj Robinas Hudas

damp /dremp/ dregnas '

gyvulinlnkyste

o t ~ w o l d s (kotsw;luldz/ K6ts

voldlj kiilnai ' .

Kent - Kentas

a peninsula

jp;'J:nmsjub/

pllsiasalis

to lead, led, ' Ied n1:d/ vad6vauti

to land - islaipinti Ci krant'l)

agriculture (regnkt..ltJ;,/ zemdirbyste

vegetable fanning (ved30t;,bl 'fo:mlI)/

to separate ,sepr;,t/ at(si)skirti

mutton

/'

mAtri aviena

II

hop -

apY 1Ys

darzininkyste .

cattle breeding

(kretl

'bri:dlI)/

gathering ' (gi'eo6nI)/ rinkimas

PRATIMAI

J. Pasakykite, ar sie sakiniai yta teisingi:

I The most famous lakes are situated in Wales. 2. There are

great forests on (he I3ritish Isles today. 3. The climate is mild and

damp on the island. 4. The River Thames rises in the Pennine

Chain.

S.

Kent is called

the arden

o

ngland

6.

Summer is the

time for hop gathering .

II. ISverskite siuos sakinius i lietuvit) kalb


21/34

ille

eyee true ,eye

~

GRAMATIKA P E R ~ E C r rENSES - ATLIKTINIAI LAIKAI.

Perfect T e n s e s P f e s ~ n t , Past; Futurcyi-ym sudaromi is pagalbinio

veiksmaiodiio "to have" atitinkamo laiko (l>fesent Simple, Past

Simple, Future Sil!lple) ir .pagrindinio

veiksmai6diio

treCios form os

aroa taisyklingo veiksmaiodiio, tuI'inCio p r i e s a g ~ c d .

Atliktiniai laikai reiskia biitojo . v i ~ m o rysi

su

dabartimi

(Present Perfect) arba parodd,kad vefksmas vykoprieS

kuq

nors

praeities (Past Perfect) arba ateities

m o m e n t ~

ar laikotarpi (Future

Perfect).

Sie laikai paprastai isreiskia kokio nors. veiksmo

r e z u h a t ~ ,

kui j

galima matyti praeityje, dabartyje ir ateityje, pvz.: .

Dorian has bought a new car. (biitojo veiksmo rezultatas

matomas dabartyje).

Esamasis atliktinis laikas sudaromas is pagalbinio

veiksmaiodiio

to have" Present Simple laiko ir pagrindinio

veiksmaiodiio

treCios formos arba taisyklingo veiksmazodZio, ' turinCio p r i e s a g ~

"ed".

Klausiamoji forma sudaroma iskeliant pagalbini

..

veiksmaiodj

pries veiksni, pvz.: Have Emily and her mothethad dInner?

Neigiamojoje formoje neiginys

not

eina

popagalbinio

veiksmaiodiio,

pvz.: The wind has not stopped blowing.

PRATIMAI

I Pavartokite sakiniuo se Present, Past, Future Simple, Present or

Past Continuous laikus: .

I. The mild wind ... now (blow). 2. Vanessa always ... tea

for breakfast (have). She ... coffee (not+Iike). 3. Who ... on the

Isle of Man long, long ago (live)? 4. ... you ... ro phone me

tomorrow (be . able)? Nick ... (ask). s While Anetta ... her

homework., her little sister ... with a doll (do, play). 6. How

many islands ...

there on the British Isles (be)? 7:

Mts

Starling

...

td ' sleep late

in

ihemorning (not+be used) . 8. What ... Pete ...

at

the motnent (read)?

..

Sam ... in the football game in five

minutes. (take part)? 10 They... about 1l1t

fora

long time (talk).

II. Pasakykite angliskai:

I. Kainuota teritorija. 2. Siauras pusiasaIis.

3.

Bendras plotas.

4. Pakrantes peizatas. S. Idomus aslronomas. 6. Tikslus laikas. 7.

gas spindulys.

8.

Neinatomas skaitmuo.

1140

Kalbant

apie

anglo

isores

bruotus

yra

negincijamas N

nieringumas , Geros mani,erC s i;3nglvi kaip oras

Dainiausi

odiiai kuriiJo$ tenka girdeti uzsienieciams yra. prasau,

atsiprasau . Nors

ir

manieringi, jie sugeba islikti nuosirdDs

ir

betarpiski.

Go

ahead

LESSON

SIXTEEN

.

t

.

.

. ,

Laikai: . \. Is blowing. 2. Has, doesn't

Will

be

able, asked.

5.

Was

doing,

6. Are.

7.

Was not used to sleep.

8.

take part.

10

Were talking.

I.

A

2 . A narrow peninsula. 3. A total

scenery. S. An interesting astronomer.

7. A long ray. 8. An invisible figure.

Per 6 15 pamokas jus ismokote siuos bOdvardiius. Prisiminkite jUos:

coastal

rbustl/

pakrantes, kranto

damp /d


22/34

ove

w ll find a way

iI .

and chemical industr ies. Sheff ie ld is

situated

at the foot

of \.

the

Permine Chain.

It

is weII-known for metal lurgical industry. The

woollen industry is in

Leeds and Bradford. Oxford is a city of

s cience . It has the o ldes t unive rs ity in Bri ta in.

Cambridge

stands !

on the

River Cam. The Cam

has

some

bridges ove r it. Tha t

is

r

why the c ity is cal led Cambridge . It is famous for the university,

too . Stratford-upon-Avon is the town

where

WiIIiam Shakespeare

was

born. Peopl e from a lot

of countries

vis it the dramatist 's

town

.

:

: :

:

an oak

/';)uk/

qzuolas

industrial /m dllstT1::1I/ pramoninis

a

fox

/foks/ lape

a trade /treld/

amMas

a bear

/be';)/

meska

Manchester /'mrentflsto/ Mancesteris

a reindeer /,rellldl


23/34

W,hat ia

one

cannot e undone

All the towns are situated in the Lowlands,

' Lake Ness is very mysterious, It is very

deep (975 feet), The water is cold and there

is no ice on it in winter. People , who live

near

the

lake say they had seen something

very strange and huge from the year

1933

,

The legends tell that this monster lived in

the lake 1400 years ago, Scientists used very

good

apparatus, looked

for

the monster,

, divers went down hundreds ' of times to

explore the bollom of the lake, but they couldn't find anything

except bottles, shoes

or

other things. During the

summer

lime

many

people come to Loch Ness. They have

some

hope to see

the monster.

: : : :

.

the Cheviot Hills (tfevl t/ Seviotl)

kalvos

southern pietinis

an upland ( pi:lnd/ aukstuma

central (sentr al centrinis

a ' lowland (l:lUI:md/ zemuma

the Highlands h a l i : J n d ~ / Skotijos

siaure ir siaures vakanj aukStumos

the Arotjc Circle (o :kllk 'sJ:kl/ siau

res poliarinis ralas

a point - taskas

Loch Ness - Neses ezeras

mysterious /rm'stl:Jn:Js/ pasJaptingas

a legend /'Ied3:Jnd/ legenda

a monster (monst';)/ pabaisa

an apparatus / r e ~ 'relt';)s/ prietaisas

a diver (dalv'J/ naras

to explore /lk'spJo:/ tyrineti

except /Ik'sept/ iSskyrus

hope /h'Jup/ viltis

GRAMATIKA ESAMASIS TlIKTINIS LAIKAS

Vartojimas

I .

ReikSti baigt, veiksm, , kuris siejasi su dabartimi, pvz.:

Children have answered the questions well. Vaikai atsake

klausim,ilsgerai

(rezultatas - ,

jie

buvo pasiruosy pamokai). What

has Bret ,wriUen? He has written a letter to his friend,

' 2. ' G,di , reikSti ,nebaigt, veiksm, , ' prasidejusi ir tebevykstanti

kalbamupjumomentu. Tada vartojamas prielinksnis "for", nurodantis

tam tiki" )aiko a ka rp, arba "since", nurodan tis

til

praeities

moment' ,

k.itda

veiksmas prasidejo, pvz.: The Woods have been

married for ten years . They have been married since 1989.

1/44

3. Su neapibrezto laiko prieveiksmiais:

already ~ : l ' r e d l jau (teigiamuosiubse, kartais klaliSiaJTIuosiuose

sakiniuose); ever rev';) kada nors (klausiamuosiuose sakiniuose);

just dy,st k tik; yet jet dar ne (neigiamuosi\JOse sakiniuose),

1 have already known the Netways for twenty years. Have

you ever been to Oxford? Linda has just told

me

her life story.

Anetla hasn't translated the sentence yet.

Snekamojoje kalboje vartojamos sutrumpintos formos :

I've

worked

You've

worked

He's worked

She' s worked

We've

worked

They've

worked

I

haven't

begun

You haven't begun

PRATIMAI

I.

Atsakykite klausimus:

He hasn't begun

She hasn ' t begun

We haven't begun

They haven't begun

I What is the area of Scotland? 2. What separates England

from Scotland? 3. Where are the oldest mountains in the world?

4.

Are

there many deep valleys in Scotland? 5. How many metres

deep is Lake Ness? 5. Do scientists explore the lake? 6. Have

people any hope , to see the monster in Loch Ness? 7. Are there

many people near the mysterious lake?

8,

Have you a wish to

climb the Cheviot Hills?

II Pavartokite pagalprasmy ivardiius "no, everybody, nothing,

both, every, nobody, neither, none, each":

I

...

the girls decided to become teachers . 2. Mrs Starling

wakes up at 6

..

, morning. 3. There is .

,.

on the shelf. 4.

could translate this difficult legend . 5.

... of

three

men

wanted to

go to the mysterious place. 6. There was .. . milk in the bottle, 7

.. , question was correct.

8.

Are there balconies in ybur house?

No, there are .. .. 9. .., must come at 8 a. m .. 10 . ... Ted nor

Nick know English well.

III Pasakykite angliskai :

I

Dregnas klimatas. 2, Pramoninis miestas.

3.

Siaurine dalis 4.

II-

gauodege vovere.

5.

Neuzmirstamas peizazas. 6. Paslaptingas kraslas,

7. Chemijos pramone. 8. Centrine galerija.

NeZinomi asmenys s Airijo muitine s pagrObe muitinink

q

ir

jo

t

ispirkimq p pr se

.

dvidesimties ki ulitt' kurias jis arikscic3L bUlla

k o n f i s k a v ~ s

'

Go ahead

1

45

t ~ l ~ '

.;


24/34

He that travels far knows much

w

LESSON ElGHTEEN

Ivardiia i: I . Both. 2. Every . 3. Nothing. 4. Nobody .

-t

. None. 6. No . 7. Each. 8. None.

9.

Everybody.

10

. Nei

ther. Vertimas: I. A damp climate. 2. An industrial town.

2. A northern part, 3. A long-tailed squirrel. S. An unfor

gettable scenery. 6. A mysterious district. 7. A chemical

industry. 8. A central gallery.

Per 15 pamokas jus ismokote siuos daiktavardzius. Prisiminkite juos:

agriculture

/ r e g r t l v - l t f ~ /

iemdirbyste

lough (loch) /Iokl

eieras

area /' e:>m/ p lotas

mean /mi:n/ time - vidutinis laikas

astronbiner tronom:>/ astronomaS

meridian /m'd'rtdl:m/ dienovidinis

astronomy / ~ s t r o n : J m l / astronomija mutton (m An/ aviena

beauty /'bju :

l1/

grozis

peak /pi:k/ virsukalne

camp

/kremp/ stovyklaviete peninsula /p:>'mnsjub/ pusiasalis

callal /k;}'nrel/ kana las

population /popju'letfn/ gyventojai

cattle breeding

/' kre

tl

'bri:dllJ/ reef /ri:f/ povandenine uola

gyvulininkyste

rock /rok/ uola

compass

/ k o n i . p ~ s /

.kompasas

rucksack /'ruksrek/ kuprine

confluence

/ k o n f l u ~ n s /

santaka scenery /,si :

mm/pei

zazas, vaizdas

continent

/ k o n t m ~ n t /

zemynas

territory

/ t e n t

teritorija

district /' dlstnkt/ krastas

telescope /'tehsk:>upl teleskopas

gathering /' greo'drtlJ/ rinkimas valley

/'

vreh/ slenis

geography

/d31 o g r ~ f l /

geografija vegetable farming

/ , v e d 3 ~ t : J b l

'fo:mllJ/

hop

-apynys

darzininkyst e

inhabitant n t / gyventojas

lstarkite siuos daiktavardzius taisyklingai

THE BRITISH ISLES. SCOTLAND

There are a lot

of

rivers in Scotland, ' but they are not very

long. The longest and the most beautiful river is the ' Clyde.

Fines and birches grow

in

the territory of Scotland. Some

plants which grow well ' in the south, don't grow in Northern

Scotland. Summers are not always warm enough and cherries,

even apples, don't grow in the country. That is the reason why

there are so many greenhouses in some parts of Scotland.

46

A thistle is the national emblem

of

Scotland. In very old times

the Norsemen landed on the eastern coast of the country. They

wanted to occupy the territory and to take the Scots by surprise .

At night the people took off their shoes not to make a noise.

One

of

the Norseman stepped on a thistle and ' cried. The Scots

heard this and opened fire. The enemy ran away . At the

beginning

of

the sixth century the Scots made a settlement there.

Scotland is best known to the world for its tradition al

costume, the kilt. Men wear this short pleated skirt when w'alking

through wet moorland country. The kilt is made

of

a colourful

cloth called tartan The bagpipes is a national musical instrument.

'

; \

1

l

:

: : : :

- ~ ~ ~ .

a skirt /Sk.1:

t/

sijonas

a pine /pa m/ pusis

traditional

/ t r ~

'dlfnl/ tradicinis

a birch

{b3

:tl/ berzas

a costume I'kostju:m/ kostiumas

a plant /pla:nt/ augalas

a kilt - skot4 kalnieCio sijonas

a reason /'ri :zn/ prie7..astis

pleated /'pli:l1d/

kl

ostuotas

a thistle I'Slsl/ usnis

a moorland

j'mu

bnd/ virziais

a Norseman /'no:sm:>n/ senoves

apaugusi vietove

skandinavas

a tartan j'to:tn/ languota vihlone

eastern

/'i

:st;)n( rytinis

medziaga

to occupy

I

okjupal/ uzimti

musical j'mju:zlkl/ muzikinis

a Scot /skot/ skotas

an instrument

rmstnJTTl:mt/

instru

by surprise /s'

to step - zengti

PRATIMAI

I ISverskite iodiius

"virsii

kaine, uola, apynys, groiis,

santa ka, .plot as, a viena , teri

torija, kalnas, kanalas" i anglq

kalb'!, po to juos irasykite i

kryiiaiodi. Vertikaliai yra zodis

"population " :

II.

Pavartokite sakiniuose tei

,

sing,! laikq:

J

.

I. Pete Starling ." very .. .

in

vegetable farming some years

ago (to be interested) . 2. At

five o'clock in the afternoon

they ... still ." in the camp

(to make a fire). 3. The River

\\47

p

I

0

I

p

u

L

I

A

T

I

I

0

J

r

N

,-


25/34

and

t is

in the

in the

No

flying

from

f te

q ~ l ~ .

~ ~

THE BRITISH ISLES. SCOTLAND

Edinburgh is the old capital

of

Scotland

one

of

the most beautiful cities in Europe.

s ituated on seven hil ls and the s treets

city are very steep. The Edinburgh Castle

Old Town is one thousand years old. The mo

dem town is

in

t he valley. There is a monu

ment to Walter Scott in Princess Street. He was

the author

of

popular historical novels.

Glasgow is Scotland's second largest city. It

l ies on the banks

of

the River Clyde. The city

is a port and is known for shipbllild ing and.

textile factories . The Glasgow Univers ity was

founded

in

1450 . T he Art G al le ry has fi ne

collections

of

paintings. The Zoo, the Botanical

Gardens and museums are

of

great interest as

well.

It is said that Aberdeen is the cleanest city

in Brita in . The town is the centre

of

fishing

industry Dundee is a port. Its cakes are

expor ted all over the world. Greenock

is the

birthplace

of

James Watt, a great scientist.

In

Alloway there is a small cot tage where Robert

A Scotsman

Burns l ived and worked.

:

: : :

:

Botanical Gardens /bo'tremkl/

steep /sti:p/ stalus

modern (modn/ modemlls

botanikos sodas

a princess {prms'Js/ princese

as well - taip pat

Walter SCOII {w J :lta 'skot/ Valteris

Aberdeen jreb;}'di:n/ Aberdinas

Dundee /dlln'di:/ Dandis

Skotas (177

J-

\832)

a novel

{novl/

romanas

to export /Ik'sPJ:t/ isveiti

Greenock

r

gri:nak/ Grinokas

Glasgow J'glo :sg'Ju/ Glasgas

lames

Wall /wot/ Dzeimsas Vatas

textile /'tekstatl/ tekstile

(1736-18\9)

a factory j'frekt'JrI/ fabrikas

Alloway {rel'Juwel/ Alovejus

a painting - paveikslas, drobe

GRAMATIKA ESAMASIS ATLIKTINIS LAIKAS

Veiksmazodzio

Uto

swim - swam, swum - plaukti" asmenavimas

Teigiamoji forma

It has swum - j is , j i (d.) nuplauke

I have swum - as nuplaukiau

We have swum - mes nuplaukeme

You have swum - tu nuplaukei

You have

sWum

- jils nuplaukete

He has swum - jis nuplauke

They have swum - jie, jos nuplauke

She has swum - j i nuplaukc

49

Severn almost .t' Wales.from England (to separate). 4. I ... mylettet

in'

half an hour (to finish).

5

Who

the scenery with a rock? (to

paint).

6

The men

. the peak

of

the mountain yet (reach+not).

III.

Pasakykite,

ar

sie sakiniai yra teisingi:

I.

The rivers in Scotland are not very long.

2

Some plants grow

well in the north.

3.

A snowdrop is a national emblem

of

Scotland.

4. The Norsemen wanted to occupy the territory. 5. The kilt is a

. traditional costume

of

a Scot.

6

The bagpipes is a national musical

instmment in Wales.

IV

:

Anglų kalbos pradžiamokslis, 3 dalis

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